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1. The 1.28 GHz MeerKAT Galactic Center Mosaic

Author

I. Heywood, I. Rammala, F. Camilo, W. D. Cotton, F. Yusef-Zadeh, T. D. Abbott, R. M. Adam, G. Adams, M. A. Aldera, K. M. B. Asad, E. F. Bauermeister, T. G. H. Bennett, H. L. Bester, W. A. Bode, D. H. Botha, A. G. Botha, L. R. S. Brederode, S. Buchner, J. P. Burger, T. Cheetham, D. I. L. de Villiers, M. A. Dikgale-Mahlakoana, L. J. du Toit, S. W. P. Esterhuyse, B. L. Fanaroff, S. February, D. J. Fourie, B. S. Frank, R. R. G. Gamatham, M. Geyer, S. Goedhart, M. Gouws, S. C. Gumede, M. J. Hlakola, A. Hokwana, S. W. Hoosen, J. M. G. Horrell, B. Hugo, A. I. Isaacson, G. I. G. Józsa, J. L. Jonas, A. F. Joubert, R. P. M. Julie, F. B. Kapp, J. S. Kenyon, P. P. A. Kotzé, N. Kriek, H. Kriel, V. K. Krishnan, R. Lehmensiek, D. Liebenberg, R. T. Lord, B. M. Lunsky, K. Madisa, L. G. Magnus, O. Mahgoub, A. Makhaba, S. Makhathini, J. A. Malan, J. R. Manley, S. J. Marais, A. Martens, T. Mauch, B. C. Merry, R. P. Millenaar, N. Mnyandu, O. J. Mokone, T. E. Monama, M. C. Mphego, W. S. New, B. Ngcebetsha, K. J. Ngoasheng, M. T. Ockards, N. Oozeer, A. J. Otto, S. S. Passmoor, A. A. Patel, A. Peens-Hough, S. J. Perkins, A. J. T. Ramaila, N. M. R. Ramanujam, Z. R. Ramudzuli, S. M. Ratcliffe, A. Robyntjies, S. Salie, N. Sambu, C. T. G. Schollar, L. C. Schwardt, R. L. Schwartz, M. Serylak, R. Siebrits, S. K. Sirothia, M. Slabber, O. M. Smirnov, L. Sofeya, B. Taljaard, C. Tasse, A. J. Tiplady, O. Toruvanda, S. N. Twum, T. J. van Balla, A. van der Byl, C. van der Merwe, V. Van Tonder, R. Van Wyk, A. J. Venter, M. Venter, B. H. Wallace, M. G. Welz, L. P. Williams, and B. Xaia

Subjects
Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract

The inner $\sim$200 pc region of the Galaxy contains a 4 million M$_{\odot}$ supermassive black hole (SMBH), significant quantities of molecular gas, and star formation and cosmic ray energy densities that are roughly two orders of magnitude higher than the corresponding levels in the Galactic disk. At a distance of only 8.2 kpc, the region presents astronomers with a unique opportunity to study a diverse range of energetic astrophysical phenomena, from stellar objects in extreme environments, to the SMBH and star-formation driven feedback processes that are known to influence the evolution of galaxies as a whole. We present a new survey of the Galactic center conducted with the South African MeerKAT radio telescope. Radio imaging offers a view that is unaffected by the large quantities of dust that obscure the region at other wavelengths, and a scene of striking complexity is revealed. We produce total intensity and spectral index mosaics of the region from 20 pointings (144 hours on-target in total), covering 6.5 square degrees with an angular resolution of 4$"$,at a central frequency of 1.28 GHz. Many new features are revealed for the first time due to a combination of MeerKAT's high sensitivity, exceptional $u,v$-plane coverage, and geographical vantage point. We highlight some initial survey results, including new supernova remnant candidates, many new non-thermal filament complexes, and enhanced views of the Radio Arc Bubble, Sgr A and Sgr B regions. This project is a SARAO public legacy survey, and the image products are made available with this article., Comment: 29 pages, 15 figures, 3 tables, accepted for publication in the The Astrophysical Journal. Replacement arXiv version with higher quality figures

Published
2022
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2. The MeerKAT Galaxy Cluster Legacy Survey

Author

K. Knowles, W. D. Cotton, L. Rudnick, F. Camilo, S. Goedhart, R. Deane, M. Ramatsoku, M. F. Bietenholz, M. Brüggen, C. Button, H. Chen, J. O. Chibueze, T. E. Clarke, F. de Gasperin, R. Ianjamasimanana, G. I. G. Józsa, M. Hilton, K. C. Kesebonye, K. Kolokythas, R. C. Kraan-Korteweg, G. Lawrie, M. Lochner, S. I. Loubser, P. Marchegiani, N. Mhlahlo, K. Moodley, E. Murphy, B. Namumba, N. Oozeer, V. Parekh, D. S. Pillay, S. S. Passmoor, A. J. T. Ramaila, S. Ranchod, E. Retana-Montenegro, L. Sebokolodi, S. P. Sikhosana, O. Smirnov, K. Thorat, T. Venturi, T. D. Abbott, R. M. Adam, G. Adams, M. A. Aldera, E. F. Bauermeister, T. G. H. Bennett, W. A. Bode, D. H. Botha, A. G. Botha, L. R. S. Brederode, S. Buchner, J. P. Burger, T. Cheetham, D. I. L. de Villiers, M. A. Dikgale-Mahlakoana, L. J. du Toit, S. W. P. Esterhuyse, G. Fadana, B. L. Fanaroff, S. Fataar, A. R. Foley, D. J. Fourie, B. S. Frank, R. R. G. Gamatham, T. G. Gatsi, M. Geyer, M. Gouws, S. C. Gumede, I. Heywood, M. J. Hlakola, A. Hokwana, S. W. Hoosen, D. M. Horn, J. M. G. Horrell, B. V. Hugo, A. R. Isaacson, J. L. Jonas, J. D. B. Jordaan, A. F. Joubert, R. P. M. Julie, F. B. Kapp, V. A. Kasper, J. S. Kenyon, P. P. A. Kotzé, A. G. Kotze, N. Kriek, H. Kriel, V. K. Krishnan, T. W. Kusel, L. S. Legodi, R. Lehmensiek, D. Liebenberg, R. T. Lord, B. M. Lunsky, K. Madisa, L. G. Magnus, J. P. L. Main, A. Makhaba, S. Makhathini, J. A. Malan, J. R. Manley, S. J. Marais, M. D. J. Maree, A. Martens, T. Mauch, K. McAlpine, B. C. Merry, R. P. Millenaar, O. J. Mokone, T. E. Monama, M. C. Mphego, W. S. New, B. Ngcebetsha, K. J. Ngoasheng, M. T. Ockards, A. J. Otto, A. A. Patel, A. Peens-Hough, S. J. Perkins, N. M. Ramanujam, Z. R. Ramudzuli, S. M. Ratcliffe, R. Renil, A. Robyntjies, A. N. Rust, S. Salie, N. Sambu, C. T. G. Schollar, L. C. Schwardt, R. L. Schwartz, M. Serylak, R. Siebrits, S. K. Sirothia, M. Slabber, L. Sofeya, B. Taljaard, C. Tasse, A. J. Tiplady, O. Toruvanda, S. N. Twum, T. J. van Balla, A. van der Byl, C. van der Merwe, C. L. van Dyk, V. Van Tonder, R. Van Wyk, A. J. Venter, M. Venter, M. G. Welz, L. P. Williams, and B. Xaia

Subjects
Physics, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Galaxy cluster, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

MeerKAT's large number of antennas, spanning 8 km with a densely packed 1 km core, create a powerful instrument for wide-area surveys, with high sensitivity over a wide range of angular scales. The MeerKAT Galaxy Cluster Legacy Survey (MGCLS) is a programme of long-track MeerKAT L-band (900-1670 MHz) observations of 115 galaxy clusters, observed for $\sim$6-10 hours each in full polarisation. The first legacy product data release (DR1), made available with this paper, includes the MeerKAT visibilities, basic image cubes at $\sim$8" resolution, and enhanced spectral and polarisation image cubes at $\sim$8" and 15" resolutions. Typical sensitivities for the full-resolution MGCLS image products are $\sim$3-5 {\mu}Jy/beam. The basic cubes are full-field and span 4 deg^2. The enhanced products consist of the inner 1.44 deg^2 field of view, corrected for the primary beam. The survey is fully sensitive to structures up to $\sim$10' scales and the wide bandwidth allows spectral and Faraday rotation mapping. HI mapping at 209 kHz resolution can be done at $0, Comment: 43 pages, 33 figures, 6 tables. Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics

Published
2022

3. The 1.28 GHz MeerKAT DEEP2 Image

Author

K. M. B. Asad, T. E. Monama, E. F. Bauermeister, Bruce Merry, O. Toruvanda, S. J. Marais, B. M. Lunsky, L. C. Schwardt, H. Bester, H. Kriel, M. Geyer, S. February, B. H. Wallace, M. Serylak, S. N. Twum, N. Kriek, B. Taljaard, M. A. Dikgale-Mahlakoana, W. S. New, K. Madisa, R. M. Adam, Oleg Smirnov, S. Fataar, R. Millenaar, Z. R. Ramudzuli, S. Gounden, I. P. Theron, K. J. Ngoasheng, Z. B. Brits, J. Horrell, G. Stone, D. H. Botha, T. W. Kusel, B. Xaia, M. J. Hlakola, B. S. Frank, S. W. P. Esterhuyse, Jason Manley, James J. Condon, A. Robyntjies, J. A. Malan, Gyula I. G. Józsa, A. A. Patel, R. R. G. Gamatham, Justin L. Jonas, S. C. Gumede, R. Siebrits, A. J. T. Ramaila, M. T. O. Ockards, Nadeem Oozeer, J. P. Burger, A. Loots, M. A. Aldera, L. G. Magnus, R. P. M. Julie, B. L. Fanaroff, G. Fadana, Robert Lehmensiek, A. J. Otto, A. van der Byl, T. Mauch, T. J. van Balla, S. K. Sirothia, L. Sofeya, P. P. A. Kotzé, N. Mnyandu, M. S. de Villiers, T. Cheetham, J. S. Kenyon, R. Renil, J. M. Chalmers, Ian Heywood, A. M. Matthews, L. Richter, F. Kapp, S. Salie, A. R. Isaacson, I. P. T. Moeng, A. Peens-Hough, R. T. Lord, Dirk I. L. de Villiers, W. D. Cotton, V. A. Kasper, J. P. L. Main, Sharmila Goedhart, B. Hugo, L. P. Williams, C. Tasse, L. R. S. Brederode, A. Martens, M. G. Welz, S. J. Buchner, T. D. Abbott, Simon Perkins, M. C. Mphego, C.G. Van der Merwe, V. Van Tonder, C. T. G. Schollar, L. J. du Toit, Fernando Camilo, O. J. Mokone, A. J. Tiplady, T. G. H. Bennett, and B. Ngcebetsha

Subjects
Physics, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Star formation, Image (category theory), Center (category theory), FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Galaxy, Luminosity, law.invention, Radio telescope, Telescope, Space and Planetary Science, law, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), 0103 physical sciences, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Luminosity function (astronomy)
Abstract

We present the confusion-limited 1.28 GHz MeerKAT DEEP2 image covering one $\approx 68'$ FWHM primary beam area with $7.6''$ FWHM resolution and $0.55 \pm 0.01$ $\mu$Jy/beam rms noise. Its J2000 center position $\alpha=04^h 13^m 26.4^s$, $\delta=-80^\circ 00' 00''$ was selected to minimize artifacts caused by bright sources. We introduce the new 64-element MeerKAT array and describe commissioning observations to measure the primary beam attenuation pattern, estimate telescope pointing errors, and pinpoint $(u,v)$ coordinate errors caused by offsets in frequency or time. We constructed a 1.4 GHz differential source count by combining a power-law count fit to the DEEP2 confusion $P(D)$ distribution from $0.25$ to $10$ $\mu$Jy with counts of individual DEEP2 sources between $10$ $\mu$Jy and $2.5$ mJy. Most sources fainter than $S \sim 100$ $\mu$Jy are distant star-forming galaxies obeying the FIR/radio correlation, and sources stronger than $0.25$ $\mu$Jy account for $\sim93\%$ of the radio background produced by star-forming galaxies. For the first time, the DEEP2 source count has reached the depth needed to reveal the majority of the star formation history of the universe. A pure luminosity evolution of the 1.4 GHz local luminosity function consistent with the Madau & Dickinson (2014) model for the evolution of star-forming galaxies based on UV and infrared data underpredicts our 1.4 GHz source count in the range $-5 \lesssim \log[S(\mathrm{Jy})] \lesssim -4$., Comment: 20 pages, 18 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ

Published
2019
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