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BACKGROUND: Considering the developed technical facilities like moving power units (MPU) used in agricultural industry are described with numerous quality criteria, the design development issues should be solved in multi-objective and multi-factorial scenario. Therefore, the development of mathematical tools and software for solving these issues is a relevant aim [1-3]. AIMS: Determination of optimal functional properties of an agricultural MPU with numerous quality criteria including the conflictive ones. METHODS: In this study, the algorithmic software for multi-objective optimization of functional properties of agricultural moving power units has been developed. The simulation models of MPUs dominating quality criteria, functional limits and initial conditions for solving the multi-objective optimization task of MPUs properties determination at the design and improvement stages are given. According to the expert assessment, the chosen dominating criteria are pressure on soil, productive capacity, energetic assessment based on relative reduction of total specific fuel-energy consumption, total maintenance costs and energy efficiency. RESULTS: The calculations of quality criteria values in testing points in the studied parameter space were performed. According to the developed algorithm, the range of acceptable results for the MPUs functional and design properties, which meet all criterial and functional limits given by the decision-making person (DMP), was derived. In addition, the Pareto set of solutions (points), which are the best options of the MPUs functional properties and do not disgrace each other on totality of criteria, was derived. According to the optimization analysis, the DMP chooses the only one point from the Pareto set. CONCLUSIONS: The developed mathematical models and the software based on the models are helpful to optimize the properties of agricultural moving power units with regard to various quality criteria including conflictive, functional, service criteria, etc. The software set allows performing the multi-objective optimization of an object with the total amount of considered quality criteria of up to 20 and with up to 50 variable parameters. . In order to use this software set to optimize other technical objects and tools, it is necessary to update the mathematical apparatus and, as a consequence, the software.

Spontaneous pneumomediastinum, pneumothorax, pneumoperitoneum, and soft tissue emphysema have been recently described in several sources as possible complications in patients with severe COVID-19 and lung damage. This clinical case is dedicated to demonstrarte the development of these lesions in 3 male patients with comorbid conditions. The putative pathophysiological mechanism of these complications is air leakage due to extensive diffuse alveolar damage followed by rupture of the alveoli. All presented patients had a favorable outcome of the disease without lethal cases, their laboratory data and clinical dynamics were described.It should be noted that such conditions are not rare complications of COVID-19, and are observed mainly in male patients with severe form of the disease and the presence of comorbid conditions. Such complications are associated with long hospitalization and a severe prognosis. In some cases, with a mild course of the disease and positive dynamics in a decrease of the percentage of pulmonary lesions, the outcome is favorable, not requiring additional invasive interventions.

During the care of patients with novel coronavirus infection at the Lomonosov MSU Medical Research and Education Center from April 21 to June 13, 2020, we observed cases of spontaneous mediastinal emphysema (spontaneous pneumomediastinum) as a manifestation or a probable complication of COVID-19.The aim of the paper. To provide clinical case descriptions and approaches to the management of patients with spontaneous pneumomediastinum in COVID-19 associated pneumonia, as they are not addressed in the current clinical guidelines, and therefore are worthy of special attention.Among 224 patients with laboratory-confirmed diagnosis of the novel coronavirus infection COVID-19, five cases of pneumomediastinum without pneumothorax were identified. Of these, in two cases the pneumomediastinum developed during noninvasive lung ventilation (NLV) (one case) and invasive lung ventilation (one case). In three cases, spontaneous mediastinal emphysema was not associated with lung ventilation. By the time of publication, one case of pneumomediastinum was completed, and four patients remained hospitalized. All five patients were males aged from 52 to 84 years.This paper presents in depth the description of two cases of mediastinal and subcutaneous emphysema in patients with COVID-19.

ActualityThe course of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is unpredictable. It manifests in some cases as increasing inflammation to even the onset of a cytokine storm and irreversible progression of acute respiratory syndrome, which is associated with the risk of death in patients. Thus, proactive anti-inflammatory therapy remains an open serious question in patients with COVID-19 and pneumonia, who still have signs of inflammation on days 7–9 of the disease: elevated C-reactive protein (CRP)>60 mg/dL and at least two of the four clinical signs: fever >37.5°C; persistent cough; dyspnea (RR >20 brpm) and/or reduced oxygen blood saturation ObjectiveCompare efficacy and safety of colchicine compared to the management of patients with COVID-19 without specific anti-inflammatory therapy.Material and MethodsInitially, 20 people were expected to be randomized in the control group. However, enrollment to the control group was discontinued subsequently after the inclusion of 5 patients due to the risk of severe deterioration in the absence of anti-inflammatory treatment. Therefore, 17 patients, who had not received anti-inflammatory therapy when treated in the MSU Medical Research and Educational Center before the study, were also included in the control group. The effects were assessed on day 12 after the inclusion or at discharge if it occurred earlier than on day 12. The primary endpoint was the changes in the SHOCS-COVID score, which includes the assessment of the patient’s clinical condition, CT score of the lung tissue damage, the severity of systemic inflammation (CRP changes), and the risk of thrombotic complications (D-dimer) [1].ResultsThe median SHOCS score decreased from 8 to 2 (p = 0.017), i.e., from moderate to mild degree, in the colchicine group. The change in the SHOCS-COVID score was minimal and statistically insignificant in the control group. In patients with COVID-19 treated with colchicine, the CRP levels decreased rapidly and normalized (from 99.4 to 4.2 mg/dL, pConclusionsColchicine 1 mg for 1-3 days followed by 0.5 mg/day for 14 days is effective as a proactive anti-inflammatory therapy in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and viral pneumonia. The management of such patients without proactive anti-inflammatory therapy is likely to be unreasonable and may worsen the course of COVID-19. However, the findings should be treated with caution, given the small size of the trial.

The importance and advantages of the hybrid approach developed within the TAIGA project for studying the high-energy section of the spectrum of gamma radiation in the Universe are discussed. The pilot complex of the TAIGA gamma observatory with an area of 1 km $${}^{2}$$ is briefly described along with the lines of its development, and the first results obtained on this basis are given.

The article focuses on effective treatment of the novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19) at early stages and substantiates the requirement for antiviral therapy and for decreasing the viral load to prevent the infection progression. The absence of a specific antiviral therapy for the SARS-CoV-2 virus is stated. The authors analyzed results of early randomized studies using lopinavir/ritonavir, remdesivir, and favipiravir in COVID-19 and their potential for the treatment of novel coronavirus infection. Among the drugs blocking the virus entry into cells, the greatest attention was paid to the antimalaria drugs, chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine. The article addresses in detail ineffectiveness and potential danger of hydroxychloroquine, which demonstrated neither a decrease in the time of clinical recovery nor any improvement of prognosis for patients with COVID-19. The major objective was substantiating a possible use of bromhexine, a mucolytic and anticough drug, which can inhibit transmembrane serin protease 2 required for entry of the SARS-CoV-2 virus into cells. Spironolactone may have a similar feature. Due to its antiandrogenic effects, spironolactone can inhibit X-chromosome-related synthesis of ACE-2 receptors and activation of transmembrane serin protease 2. In addition to slowing the virus entry into cells, spironolactone decreases severity of fibrosis in different organs, including the lungs. The major part of the article addresses clinical examples of managing patients with COVID-19 at the University Clinic of the Medical Research and Educational Centre of the M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, including successful treatment with schemes containing bromhexine and spironolactone. In conclusion, the authors described the design of a randomized, prospective BISCUIT study performed at the University Clinic of the M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University with an objective of evaluating the efficacy of this scheme.

Shown the possibility of increasing the effectiveness of the rotary wave cryogenerator by partially changing the operating mode; experimental data were obtained confirming an increase in isentropic efficiency. The achieved efficiency values are in the range of 0.7–0.8 with a degree of expansion of 2.5–1.5. Found a mechanism to improve the efficiency of this device. The results obtained are confirmed by solving the equations of the wave process of energy transfer by the method of Godunov.

In order to establish the characteristic range of variability of the lateral ventricles and their departments in a person of mature age, depending on the shape, size of the head and sex, a study was conducted on 40 moist preparations of the brain with their maters. In each case, craniometry was performed to determine common indices, and morphometric indices of longitudinal and transverse parameters of all lateral ventricles were established. As a result of the conducted researches the range of individual anatomical variability of linear parameters of parts of lateral ventricles in men and women of mature age is established, which is confirmed by statistical analysis. In men and women with dolichocephalic head shape, the highest values of length of all sections of the lateral ventricles are determined, which is related to the influence of the longitudinal parameters of the head and skull in the representatives of this extreme shape. On the contrary, representatives with a brachycephalic form show an increase in the width of the object, due to the predominance of the transverse parameters at this craniotype.

This paper is devoted to the design and reengineering of the electronic engine control unit to increase engine power. An electronic engine control unit (ECU) calculates fuel quantity according to the different sensors data and keeps air/fuel mixture value of 14.7:1. This mixture value means that in order to burn completely 1 kg of fuel we need 14.7 kg of air. Fuel is delivered to the engine by a fuel pump. ECU opens fuel injectors for short periods of time depending on current engine speed and throttle position or load. These time periods form a fuel map that is stored in ECU internal memory and in most cases couldn’t be edited. It is proposed to develop a memory extension board for the RB25DET engine control unit which should contain a parallel memory with the smallest access time and a fast microcontroller with hardware USB support to program memory and the real- time observing the engine control system.

37th International Cosmic Ray Conference, ICRC 2021, Berlin, online, Germany, 12 Jul 2021 - 23 Jul 2021; Proceedings of Science / International School for Advanced Studies (ICRC2021), 273 (2021). doi:10.22323/1.395.0273, Air-shower radio arrays operate in low signal-to-noise ratio conditions, which complicates the autonomous measurement of air-shower signals without using an external trigger from optical or scintillator detectors. A simple threshold trigger for radio detector can be efficiently applied onlyin radio-quiet conditions, because for other cases this trigger detects a high fraction of noise pulses. In the present work, we study aspects of independent air-shower detection by dense antenna clusters with a complex real-time trigger system. For choosing the optimal procedures for the real-time analysis, we study the dependence between trigger efficiency, count rate, detector hardware and geometry. For this study, we develop a framework for testing various methods of signal detection and noise filtration for arrays with various specifications and the hardware implementation of these methods based on field programmable gate arrays. The framework provides flexible settings for the management of station-level and cluster-level steps of detecting the signal, optimized for the hardware implementation for real-time processing. It includes data-processing tools for the initialconfiguration and tests on pre-recorded data, tools for configuring the trigger architecture andtools for preliminary estimates of the trigger efficiency at given thresholds of cosmic-ray energyand air-shower pulse amplitude. We show examples of the trigger pipeline developed with this framework and discuss the results of tests on simulated data., Published by SISSA, Trieste

The physical motivations and performance of the TAIGA (Tunka Advanced Instrument for cosmic ray physics and Gamma Astronomy) project are presented. The TAIGA observatory addresses ground-based gamma-ray astronomy at energies from a few TeV to several PeV, as well as cosmic ray physics from 100 TeV to several EeV and astroparticle physics. The pilot TAIGA complex locates in the Tunka valley, ~50 km West from the southern tip of the lake Baikal. It includes integrating air Cherenkov TAIGA-HiSCORE array with 120 wide-angle optical stations distributed over on area 1 square kilometer about and three the 4-m class Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes of the TAIGA-IACT array. The latter array has a shape of triangle with side lengths of about 300m, 400m and 500m. The expected integral sensitivity of the 1 km2 TAIGA detector will be about 2,5 × 10-13 TeV cm-2 sec-1 for detection of E ≥ 100 TeV gamma-rays in 300 hours of source observations. The combination of the wide angle Cherenkov array and IACTs could offer a cost effective-way to build a really large (up to 10 km2) array for very high energy gamma-ray astronomy. The reconstruction of a given EAS energy, incoming direction and the core position, based on the TAIGA-HiSCORE data, allows one to increase the distance between the relatively expensive IACTs up to 600-800 m. These, together with the surface and underground electron/Muon detectors will be used for selection of gamma-ray induced EAS. Present status of the project, together with the current array description and the first experimental results and plans for the future will be reported.

The TAIGA astroparticle observatory is progressing with the deployment of new detector stations. The Tunka-Grande — scintillation counter array of the observatory expands with the new TAIGA-Muon stations. Several simulation studies were conducted for optimisation of the new station positioning and performance. Extensive air showers induced by gamma quanta or a proton in the range from 100 TeV to 1 PeV at a zenith angle of 0° were used for these studies. Based on the developed simulation, the capabilities of identification of high energy extensive air showers were studied. The soil thickness, the detector and station positions, the lowest measurable energy range of the cosmic rays, and different methods of air shower identification were investigated.

The TAIGA experiment in Tunka valley is expanding the present scintillation detector array with new TAIGA-Muon detector stations. A simulation model was developed for optimization of the layout of the new stations and study of the identification performance of the array. The extensive air showers (EASs) were simulated with the CORSIKA simulation tool, and the detector response was simulated with the GEANT4 package. EASs induced by gamma quanta or protons in the energy range from 1 PeV to 10 PeV and the zenith angle range from 0° to 45°, are used for these studies. For the identification of high energy extensive air showers, a method based on a neural network was suggested. With this method, the proton identification efficiency is more than 90%, while the gamma identification efficiency not less than 50%.

The article is devoted to the treatment of the new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) in the advanced stages of the disease. The types of response of the immune system to the viral load of SARS-CoV-2 with the start of the inflammation process are considered. The situation is analyzed in detail in which the growing autoimmune inflammation (up to the development of a "cytokine storm") affects not only the pulmonary parenchyma, but also the endothelium of the small vessels of the lungs. Simultaneous damage to the alveoli and microthrombosis of the pulmonary vessels are accompanied by a progressive impairment of gas exchange, the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome, the treatment of which, even with the use of invasive ventilation, is ineffective and does not really change the prognosis of patients with COVID-19. In order to interrupt the pathological process at the earliest stages of the disease, the necessity of proactive anti-inflammatory therapy in combination with active anticoagulation treatment is substantiated. The results of the first randomized studies on the use of inhibitors of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines (interleukin-6 (tocilizumab), interleukin-17 (secukinumab), Janus kinase blockers, through which the signal is transmitted to cells (ruxolitinib)), which have potential in the early treatment of COVID- 19. The use of a well-known anti-inflammatory drug colchicine (which is used for gout treatment) in patients with COVID-19 is considered. The design of the original COLORIT comparative study on the use of colchicine, ruxolitinib and secukinumab in the treatment of COVID-19 is presented. Clinical series presented, illustrated early anti-inflammatory therapy together with anticoagulants in patients with COVID-19 and the dangers associated with refusing to initiate such therapy on time.

The study of the ultra-high energy cosmic rays, neutrinos and gamma rays is one of the most important challenges in astrophysics. The low fluxes of these particles do not allow one to detect them directly. The detection is performed by the measuring of the air-showers produced by the primary particles in the Earth's atmosphere. A radio detection of ultra-high energy air-showers is a cost-effective technique that provides a precise reconstruction of the parameters of primary particle and almost full duty cycle in comparison with other methods. The main challenge of the modern radio detectors is the development of efficient self-trigger technology, resistant to high-level background and radio frequency interference. Most of the modern radio detectors receive trigger generated by either particle or optical detectors. The development of the self trigger for the radio detector will significantly simplify the operation of existing instruments and allow one to access the main advantages of the radio method as well as open the way to the construction of the next generation of large-scale radio detectors. In the present work we discuss our progress in the solution of this problem, particularly the classification of broadband pulses., Comment: 6 pages, 1 figure

We design a new technique for the distributional semantic modeling with a neural network-based approach to learn distributed term representations (or term embeddings) - term vector space models as a result, inspired by the recent ontology-related approach (using different types of contextual knowledge such as syntactic knowledge, terminological knowledge, semantic knowledge, etc.) to the identification of terms (term extraction) and relations between them (relation extraction) called semantic pre-processing technology - SPT. Our method relies on automatic term extraction from the natural language texts and subsequent formation of the problem-oriented or application-oriented (also deeply annotated) text corpora where the fundamental entity is the term (includes non-compositional and compositional terms). This gives us an opportunity to changeover from distributed word representations (or word embeddings) to distributed term representations (or term embeddings). This transition will allow to generate more accurate semantic maps of different subject domains (also, of relations between input terms - it is useful to explore clusters and oppositions, or to test your hypotheses about them). The semantic map can be represented as a graph using Vec2graph - a Python library for visualizing word embeddings (term embeddings in our case) as dynamic and interactive graphs. The Vec2graph library coupled with term embeddings will not only improve accuracy in solving standard NLP tasks, but also update the conventional concept of automated ontology development. The main practical result of our work is the development kit (set of toolkits represented as web service APIs and web application), which provides all necessary routines for the basic linguistic pre-processing and the semantic pre-processing of the natural language texts in Ukrainian for future training of term vector space models., Comment: In English, 9 pages, 2 figures. Not published yet. Prepared for special issue (UkrPROG 2020 conference) of the scientific journal "Problems in programming" (Founder: National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Institute of Software Systems of NAS Ukraine)

MDS matrices are widely used as a diffusion primitive in the construction of block type encryption algorithms and hash functions (such as AES and GOST 34.12-2015). The matrices with the maximum number of 1s and minimum number of different elements are important for more efficient realizations of the matrix-vector multiplication. The article presents a new method for the MDS testing of matrices over finite fields and shows its application to the (8 × 8)-matrices of a special form with many 1s and few different elements; these matrices were introduced by Junod and Vaudenay. For the proposed method we obtain some theoretical and experimental estimates of effectiveness. Moreover, the article comprises a list of some MDS matrices of the above-indicated type.

Objectives of the TAIGA Astrophysical complex include the study of the flux of charged cosmic rays and diffuse gamma rays with energies above 100 TeV. This complex is located in the Tunka Valley about 50 km from Lake Baikal at the site of the Tunka-133 Cherenkov facility. TAIGA includes the TAIGA-HiSCORE wide-angle Cherenkov array, the network of Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (TAIGA-IACT), the Tunka-Grande and TAIGA-Muon scintillation arrays. In this work, we present the results of an analysis of the joint events of the Tunka-Grande scintillation array and TAIGA-HiSCORE and Tunka-133 Cherenkov facilities. The results verify sufficient accuracy of the scintillation experiment for the hybrid study of mass composition of cosmic rays and gamma-hadron separation.

This work demonstrates the possibility of using a combination of zinc oxide nanorods with silver nanoparticles as a self-cleaning SERS substrate. In addition to Raman scattering enhancement such structures demonstrate the self-cleaning effect during UV treatment. The ZnO nanorods (NRs) array was synthesized on a ZnO seed layer by the hydrothermal method. The Ag nanoparticles (NPs) array was formed by vacuum thermal evaporation over the ZnO NRs. Rhodamine-B 230 μM solution has been detected using the formed SERS-substrates without additional mathematical processing of the Raman spectra. Subsequent UV radiation treatment showed a 3-fold decrease in the intensity of the spectral peaks of the analyte.

The Tunka-Grande array is part of a single experimental complex, which also includes the Tunka-133 and TAIGA-HiScORE (High Sensitivity COsmic Rays and gamma Explorer) wide-angle Cherenkov arrays, TAIGA-IACT array (Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescope) and TAGA-MUON scintillation array. This complex is located in the Tunka Valley (Buryatia Republic, Russia), 50 km from Lake Baikal. It is designed to study the energy spectrum and the mass composition of charged cosmic rays in the energy range 100 TeV - 1000 PeV, to search for diffuse gamma rays above 100 TeV and to study local sources of gamma rays with energies above 30 TeV. This report outlines 3 key points. The first is the description of the Tunka-Grande scintillation array. The second one presents the computer simulation strategy of the Tunka Grande array based on the Geant4 software. The third one is devoted to the prospects for future research in the field of cosmic ray physics and gamma-ray astronomy using simulation results.

Nonstationary vibrations of strings and their systems, caused by a finite numbers of concentrated loads, are considered. External forces can be simulated by nonstationary concentrated loads. We can use nonstationary concentrated loads to simulate the external forces and reactions, conformed to influence of mass or dampers. A generalized layout of research was built for system of strings, where all strings intersect a common one. A method for constructing the system of equations is given. The system consists of one-dimensional wave equations for several strings. The system is closed by additional relations in contact points. The obtained system is the system of Volterra integral equations. The system is reduced to block matrix equation after discretization. The problem of nonstationary string vibrations with two joined dampers is solved as an example.

Results of using powerful LED matrices to inspect metal articles for hidden corrosion by active thermal-wave method are described. The effect of the color of paint-and-lacquer coating on the efficiency of heating with LED and halogen emitters is analyzed. The possibility of using powerful LED panels as thermal stimulation sources in portable flaw detectors is described.

In the paper the basis for the use of the LED light sources in the space greenhouses is described. It is shown that the change in the spectral composition and the intensity of the radiation will reduce the electricity consumption of the irradiation facilities. The unicellular alga "Chlorella" and the greenhouse lettuce "Afitsion" were chosen as prototype models. On the basis of the experiments conducted, the basic principles of the irradiator’s energy efficiency that can be applied in the space greenhouses were defined.

The methodological foundations of the construction of information technology, formalized models and tools for the implementation of the research-related design of smart systems based on the use of the concepts of transdisciplinarity and ontological management are considered. Designed to build systems of work with knowledge, scientific and technical creativity, including the development of objects of new technology. Designed to build systems of work with knowledge, scientific and technical creativity, including the development of objects of new technology. Results. The information technology of research-related design of smart systems is developed. An example of the creation and patenting of a linguistic processor for processing large amounts of text data with the purpose of subsequent extraction of knowledge is considered. Conclusion. The methodological foundations of the development of scientific research design systems include models, technology, and tools for cognitive processes of information processing, including the design of the new engineering objects, the automated development of ontological knowledge bases of the knowledge domain. The last ones are the basic components of intelligent technologies and systems for comprehensive scientific research of the interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary nature. The process of system integration of ontologies makes it possible to investigate the interaction of object knowledge, as an object at the intersection of disciplines, as well as in clusters of convergence, which opens opportunities for new knowledge and for the development of scientific theories. Keywords: research design, smart system, ontological management, ontology., In Russian, 11 pages, 8 figures, 1 table. Published. Prepared for the international journal "Control Systems and Computers" (ISSN Print 0130-5395. ISSN Online 2518-1262)

Against the backdrop of the development of modern technologies in the field of scientific research the new class of Current Research Information Systems (CRIS) and related intelligent information technologies has arisen. It was called - Research and Development Workstation Environment (RDWE) - the comprehensive problem-oriented information systems for scientific research and development lifecycle support. The given paper describes design and development fundamentals of the RDWE class systems. The RDWE class system's generalized information model is represented in the article as a three-tuple composite web service that include: a set of atomic web services, each of them can be designed and developed as a microservice or a desktop application, that allows them to be used as an independent software separately; a set of functions, the functional filling-up of the Research and Development Workstation Environment; a subset of atomic web services that are required to implement function of composite web service. In accordance with the fundamental information model of the RDWE class the system for supporting research in the field of ontology engineering - the automated building of applied ontology in an arbitrary domain area, scientific and technical creativity - the automated preparation of application documents for patenting inventions in Ukraine was developed. It was called - Personal Research Information System. A distinctive feature of such systems is the possibility of their problematic orientation to various types of scientific activities by combining on a variety of functional services and adding new ones within the cloud integrated environment. The main results of our work are focused on enhancing the effectiveness of the scientist's research and development lifecycle in the arbitrary domain area., In English, 13 pages, 1 figure, 1 table, added references in Russian. Published. Prepared for special issue (UkrPROG 2018 conference) of the scientific journal "Problems of programming" (Founder: National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Institute of Software Systems of NAS Ukraine)

The given paper presents an overview of modern RESTful API description languages (belongs to interface description languages set) - OpenAPI, RAML, WADL, Slate - designed to provide a structured description of a RESTful web APIs (that is useful both to a human and for automated machine processing), with related RESTful web API modeling frameworks. We propose an example of the schema model of web API of the service for pre-trained distributional semantic models (word embeddings) processing. This service is a part of the Personal Research Information System services ecosystem - the Research and Development Workstation Environment class system for supporting research in the field of ontology engineering: the automated building of applied ontology in an arbitrary domain area as a main feature; scientific and technical creativity: the automated preparation of application documents for patenting inventions in Ukraine. It also presents a quick look at the relationship of Service-Oriented Architecture and Web services as well as REST fundamentals and RESTful web services; RESTful API creation process., Comment: In English, 6 pages, 3 figure, 1 table. Published. Prepared for the scientific journal "Problems of programming" (Founder: National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Institute of Software Systems of NAS Ukraine). ISSN 1727-4907

The paper provides main technical solutions for the developed concept of power saving DC thyristor electric drives equipped with two-region speed control. The concept is based on rearranging reserve of the rectified EDV of the thyristor converter (TC) in steady-state and dynamic modes. The complex of thyristor electric drives developed within the framework of the main concept for the wide-strip hot-rolling mills ensures improved power indexes. This is enabled due to automatic switching the coordinate controlled with excitation circuit and automatic change of the EDV control system configuration. The authors offer flowcharts of the developed solutions. Time diagrams and oscyllograph records of electric drive coordinate variations are used for explanation purposes.

Both the Russian public and its elites were taken by surprise by the fact that Russia has become an immigration country. It has resulted in widespread anti-immigrant sentiments and inconsistency in government actions. Russian immigration politics, as well as immigration politics in liberal democracies of the West, are characterised by a wavering between protectionist and liberal laissez faire approaches. This leads to a mismatch between public rhetoric and legal decisions. However, two features seem to make the Russian situation specific: open borders with most of the countries of the former Soviet Union and omnipresent corruption. Corruption results in a discrepancy between formal (legal) decisions and informal (illegal) practices.

For proper understanding and analysis of the range of individual variability of the head a set of indices proposed by V.N. Shevkunenko (1925, 1935) should be applied. They enable to systematize the structural types of people concerning the shape and size of the head, skull, face, internal and external structures, the relationships between them, and others. To study the individual anatomical variability of the head, skull, and their structures stereotopometrical technique developed by V.S. Speransky (1980) is important. Common (generally accepted) planes in craniology are taken as coordinate planes. In the study of individual anatomical variability of the head it is advisable to use the original method of geo-topographic coordinates of the body proposed by M.P. Burykh (1991) according to which the human body similar to the globe is viewed by means of meridians and parallels., Для правильного понимания и анализа диапазона индивидуальной изменчивости головы следует применять набор индексов, предложенных В.Н. Шевкуненко (1925, 1935). Они позволяют систематизировать типы строения людей по форме и размерам головы, черепа, лица, наружных и внутренних образований, взаимоотношений между ними и мн. др. Для изучения индивидуальной анатомической изменчивости головы, черепа и их образований важна стереотопометрическая методика, разработанная В.С. Сперанским (1980). В качестве координатных плоскостей взяты плоскости, общепринятые в краниологии. При изучении индивидуальной анатомической изменчивости головы целесообразно использовать оригинальную методику геотопографических координат тела человека, предложенную М.П. Бурых (1991), согласно которой тело человека по аналогии с земным шаром рассматривается при помощи меридиан и параллелей., Для правильного розуміння й аналізу діапазону індивідуальної мінливості голови слід застосовувати набір індексів, запропонованих В.М. Шевкуненко (1925, 1935). Вони дозволяють систематизувати типи будови людей за формою і розмірами голови, черепа, обличчя, зовнішніх і внутрішніх утворень, взаємовідношень між ними та ін. Для вивчення індивідуальної анатомічної мінливості голови, черепа та їх утворень важливою є стереотопометрична методика, розроблена В.С. Сперанським (1980). В якості координатних площин взяті площини, що є загальноприйнятими у краніології. При вивченні індивідуальної анатомічної мінливості голови доцільно використовувати оригінальну методику геотопографічних координат тіла людини, запропоновану М.П. Бурих (1991), згідно з якою тіло людини за аналогією із земною кулею розглядається за допомогою меридіан і паралелей.

The study was conducted on 20 specimens of the tentorium cerebelli, taken from dead bodies of the adults. It was found that in adults tentorial nerve reaches the tentorium of the cerebellum in the front sharp corner. Deviating from the medial edge of the cerebellar tentorium the nerve is divided into medial and lateral trunks. Moreover, the first nerve is always less in its diameter and length, and the second – longer along the whole length. The trunk of the medial tentorial nerve is always shorter from left and from right, it hardly reaches only the frontal third of the walls of the rectal sinus. The trunk of the lateral tentorial nerve on both halves of the cerebellar tentorium is more "powerful" and large formation, consisting of 2-3 branches with elongated arch-like passage along the superior petrosal and transverse sinuses. Further the tentorial nerves are divided to the two groups of branches, first – with a superficial location and concentration in the upper layer of the cerebellar tentorium, and second – with the deep branching location in the lower layer of the process., Исследование проведено на 20-ти препаратах намета мозжечка, взятых у трупов взрослых людей. Установлено, что у взрослых людей тенториальный нерв достигает намета мозжечка в области переднего заостренного угла. Отклоняясь от медиальных краев намета мозжечка, нерв делится на медиальный и латеральный стволики. Причем, первый всегда меньше по диаметру и протяженности, а второй – больше на всем протяжении. Медиальный стволик тенториального нерва слева и справа всегда укороченный, едва достигает только передней трети стенок прямого синуса. Латеральный стволик тенториального нерва на обеих половинах намета мозжечка является более "мощным" и крупным образованием, состоит из 2-3 удлиненных веток с дугообразным ходом вдоль верхних каменистых и поперечной пазух. В дальнейшем наблюдается разделение тенториальных нервов, имеющих поверхностное расположение с концентрацией в верхнем листке намета мозжечка, а часть из них – глубокое расположение с разветвлением в нижнем слое отростка., Дослідження проведено на 20-ти препаратах намету мозочка, вилучених у трупів дорослих людей. Встановлено, що у дорослих людей наметовий нерв досягає намету мозочка в ділянці переднього загостреного кута. Відхиляючись від медіальних країв намету мозочка, нерв поділяється на медіальний та латеральний стовбурці. Причому, перший завжди є меншим за діаметром та протяжністю, а другий – більшим по всій довжині. Медіальний стовбурець наметового нерва ліворуч та праворуч завжди вкорочений, ледве досягає тільки передньої третини стінок прямої пазухи. Латеральний стовбурець наметового нерва на обох половинах намету мозочка є більш "потужним" та великим утворенням, яке складається з 2-3 видовжених гілок з дугоподібним ходом вздовж верхньої кам’янистої та поперечної пазух. У подальшому спостерігається поділ наметових нервів, які мають поверхневе розташування з концентрацією у верхньому листку намету мозочка, а частина з них – глибоке розташування з розгалуженням у нижньому шарі відростка.