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This paper aims to report on the results of the study of routes and the distance of travelling by spices in traditional and organized retailing from the agricultural location to the consumer. This research is largely exploratory, and interviews and surveys with players in spice supply chain are included in the instruments of analysis. In order to assess the current state of supply chain management activities, the analysis would monitor the spice routes of distributors and evaluate the “meat kilometres” they calculate. Food miles' is a relatively recent supermarket term, and the outcome of this analysis indicates that the number of food miles in integrated supermarkets has increased significantly. The change to coordinated retailing suggests broad grocery miles for spices. The time taken between any two points was not measured as well as at which spices arrived at their destination. This is the limited scope and scope of this study for further research. The aim of the study is not to identify the food kilometer factors.

Batteries are researched and commercialized because it can be potential replacement of the rapidly depleting fossil fuels. This arises the question about the future of current employees in fossil fuels sector, is the current innovations can replace fossil fuel and whether the current battery companies can accommodate the demand that will be created once fossil fuels completely depleted. In this work, statistics of employees, viable changes in secondary batteries made and the demand, turnover of batteries and its manufacturing companies were plotted and discussed. Based on that although the current trends and collaborations between nations were effective and rapid then before still it would not be adequate to replace fossil fuels before the time runs out. The nations have to aid more regarding batteries.

Each organization's growth and success usually depends on its staff. That means that turnover is a major challenge for any enterprise and has far-reaching effects. The Top Management will help to develop effective strategies to solve this issue in order to understand the history of workers ' turnover plans. The main objective of this research was to examine the association between job satisfaction, job performance and expectation for turnover. A questionnaire was developed based on past literature and test was done to test the normality, reliability and validity of the scale. The independent variables to measure human resource management practices include career and development, training and development, performance appraisal, reward and compensation, and health & safety. The dependent variable used in this research is turnover intention of the employee. The study adopted descriptive and explanatory research design. Also this study used a cross sectional survey methods using a survey questionnaires containing 85 items with Likert Scale (Disagree -1 and 5 for Agree). The sample of 60 employees from 5 Textile industries from Karur was selected using convenient sampling. The collected data was analyzed using descriptive means and regression via SPSS.21. This study found that three human resource practices such as career development, reward and recognition, and health and safety have a positive and significant impact on employee turnover intention. This research did not find any significant influence of training and development nor performance appraisal on employee retention. However when training and development is linked with career development, there is a positive and significant influence on employee retention. Also when performance appraisal is linked with reward and compensation there is a positive and significant influence on employee retention. Keywords: HRM Practices, Job Satisfaction, Job Performance, Turnover Intention, Textile Industry Cite this Article: S. Krishnaraj and Rekha M, Influence of Human Resource Practices on Turnover Intention with Focus on Textile Sector, International Journal of Management (IJM), 11(6), 2020, pp. 2483-2489.

Environmental pollution from human activities is a major challenge of civilization today. This study aimed to use Al doped CdO nanoaprticles for the purification of polluted water from dye. Al doped CdO nanoparticles have been synthesized using a simple chemical method and characterized by SEM and Raman spectra. The degradation efficiency of Al/CdO nanoparticles was studied against methylene blue by using a UV-vis spectrophotometer. The results demonstrated that the photocatalyst was efficient at 200 mg/L, the maximum amount of degradation (90.2 %) has been observed for MB after 2 hrs. The photocatalytic performance of the Al/CdO nanoparticles was stable after the nanoparticles were reused five times. The photocatalytic ability of the AldopedCdO NPs allowed the development of a low cost, high efficiency, and environmentally friendly material for water treatment applications using sunlight.

The substance properties are playing an essential role in materials. These properties are modified or improved through different manufacturing processes. In present paper is focus to improve the tensile strength and hardness of the strenx steel 900 through hot extrusion process. The different input constraints are used to improve the material properties such as temperature, diameter of the orifice and extrusion force. According to their input constrains, the outcomes of tensile strength and hardness have been evaluated. The optimal constraint is found for the best performance of the process through Taguchi method.

The machining processes are plays a dominant role in metal forming technology. In recent days, nontraditional machining processes are playing essential role in metal and manufacturing industries. It is applied to machine the hard profiles and different operations with excellent quality characteristics. In this work, domex steel is machined through Plasma Arc Machining (PAM). In PAM process, the different input factors are utilized with various levels such as voltage, current and pulse on time. In PAM process, the various input factors have been considered such as arc current, cutting rate and gas flow rate. The surface roughness and their effect of process input factors have been discussed through variance and Pareto chart analysis.

Today, in an Industry 4.0 era, every equipment is related to form an integrated community, which requires the employment of advanced predictive gears, in order that records are frequently converted into facts to clarify suspicions and make precise predictive decisions. IoT-based manufacturing and repair improvements are unavoidable trends and demanding situations for today’s production. This research delineates the tendencies of production upgradation, further the keenness of smart prognostic technologies for equipments to manage achieving visibility and better productivity. This project is also explained with a case study in which IoT implementation smoothens the flow of production by acquiring the better overall equipment effectiveness of machines in rubber encapsulation industry from 55.09 to 72.91% and 76.07% continually toward the world-class OEE in such a way that every Indian SME could adopt such Kaizen for its steady growth.

The smart grid is a new era of power system that is grabbing the attention of government and the industry. It is based on two-way digital communications between the power supplier and consumer. It supports smart metering and monitoring systems. The current electrical grid system has several liabilities like load shedding, manual billing system and usage of unlicensed amount of power. In this paper we are proposing a new system that aims to eliminate the concept of physical switches, detect possible thefts and also eliminate the manual billing system.

Success in the workplace takes a lot more than education, book knowledge or experience. Organizations and the conscious, achievement oriented managers need a high rate of Emotional Quotient to be successful. Emotional Quotient is the ability to identify and manage personal emotions and the emotions of others. Emotional Quotient EQ matters just as much as intellectual ability IQ . In the employment field, work pressure, anxiety, employee's stress, agitation, depression or irritability all are related to the various factors of emotional intelligence. All these emotional intelligence symptoms could harm employee's performance. It can direct either a higher or lower level of morale, which will ultimately impact employee's performance in a positive or negative way. The main question of the study is to analyze the emotional intelligence according to new generations in banking and IT Field. Mr. S. Maheshwaran | Dr. K. Soniya | Dr. S. Krishnaraj "A Study on Emotional Quotient Among new Generation Employees" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-6 , October 2018, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd18900.pdf

Agrotech – a developing field which is essential for agriculture. Casuarina Equisetifolia is a widely grown species used for the production of paper and firewood. Casuarina grows up to 12 feet in height in a span of 3 to 4 years. They are rigid and hard. This makes harvesting of Casuarina difficult. It consumes more time, money and manpower. Our harvesting machine reduces all of these. Our machine is equipped with two chainsaw blades at the front sides which are run by a 2 HP motor. It provides high rpm for effective cutting of trees. The dual blade enables cutting of two trees at same time. It is equipped with a front shield for protecting the driver. Overall an acre of Casuarina can be harvested in a few hours thus saving time, money and manpower. Our machine can also be used to harvest crops like sugarcane and bamboo by adjusting the position of the blades by simple alteration mechanism in order to produce a low cost harvesting machine for the farmers.

Designing purpose of this electrical ATV is to manufacture an off-road vehicle that could help in transportation in hilly areas, farming field, military & border defence forces (while climbing mountains for attacking and war zone to move fast). Our perspective is designing ATV for the agriculture process with some major Agricultural operations to accomplish this task, different design aspects of electrical ATV. The vehicle was analyzed, and certain elements were chosen for a specific focus. There are many factors to an off-road electrical vehicle, such as the chassis, suspension, steering, drivetrain, power transmission, solid-state batteries, electronics driver (Acceleration, Regenerative Braking power calculus and Inputs and Outputs RPM and Efficiency) all of which require thorough design concentration. My part is to focus on where the chassis and body framing which includes steering and suspension aspects for designing. Most time and effort went into designing and implementing these components through FEA simulation and verifying the stability and efficiency of the ATV. In order to boost the edge of the ATV, it is important to pick a range of phases including content, collection, frame plan constraints, criteria for inquiry, iteration, evaluation and simulation. The above measures are critical to the unbending edge and ideal to give the driver the full protection along with enhanced road performance. The procedures are closely observed in this investigation and an attempt is being made in order that a case fit to be produced and an automobile improved that can be carried out in disagreeable environments. Due to the above proposed functionalities, a move confine must have some ideal properties and characteristics to such an extent that it is ready to withstand high anxieties created during vehicle activity just as holding fast to the prime target of giving security and solace to the inhabitant. An expanded concern concerning the move confines configuration has made the significance of recreation and investigation in this way anticipating disappointment methods of the casing. In the introduced report, we have utilized a demonstrating and reproduction programming to examine the reaction of the planned casing under different effects, reproduced based on genuine effect situations. The mimicked limit conditions and stacking application are done to anticipate the useful conduct of move confine during impacts, assisting with building up a casing plan which has adequate quality what’s more, vital wellbeing principles.

Chronic irritation to the mucosa manifests as reactive lesions or mucocele in pediatric population. Reactive lesions may range from developmental, inflammatory to neoplastic. Adverse oral habits such as lip biting and cheek biting also contribute to these types of oral lesions. We present a case of a 9-year-old pediatric patient who reported with the complaint of swelling in the right side of the lower lip and history of chronic lip biting. After intraoral examination, clinical diagnosis of mucocele was made. Following excision, the histopathological features were suggestive of fibroepithelial polyp. To avoid misdiagnosis, proper history, clinical and histopathological correlation is advisable to evade misdiagnosis and disparity between clinical and histopathological diagnosis.

Wire electrical discharge machine (WEDM) is extensively used in machining of conductive material where precision is of prime importance. Machining operation in WEDM is treated as a challenging one because improvement of more than one Machining performance characteristics are sought to obtain precision work. This project illustrates the implementation of Taguchi technique to select the best optimal machining parameters of WEDM process using Copper powders. In general the machining parameters namely metal removal rate and the surface roughness are determined in WEDM process. The machining material chosen for the experiment is HCHCr alloy steel. Experiments were conducted as per Taguchi’s L18 orthogonal array under different cutting conditions of pulse on-time, pulse off-time, current and frequency and the results are compared. The level of significance of the machining parameters on the output characteristics is identified by Analysis of Variance. Finally this research concludes that the copper powder suspended demineralized water when used as dielectric gives higher MRR and lower Ra. Taguchi optimization is carried out to find the best combination of machining parameters to obtain the desired result

The present study explores, the pure and silver (Ag) doped WO3 nanoparticles synthesized by microwave irradiation method. Powder X-ray diffraction results reveal that the WO3 doped with Ag concentration from 0 to 10 wt% crystallizes in monoclinic structure. TEM analysis shows both pristine and silver doped WO3 nanoparticles. They are having spherical morphology with a average size from 30 to 40 nm. Scanning electron microscopy studies depicts that both the pristine and Ag doped WO3 form in spherical shaped morphology with an average diameter of 40–30 nm, which is in proper agreement with the average crystallite sizes calculated by Scherrer’s formula. A considerable red shift in the absorbing band edge and a decrease in the band gap energy from 3.00 to 2.85 eV for Ag doped samples were observed by using UV–DRS spectra analysis. The defects in crystal and oxygen deficiencies were analyzed by photoluminescence spectra analysis.

This paper researched the metal matrix composites (MMCs) and this system used to produce good strength of the aluminium 6061 with fortified with SiC, TiO2, and magnesium (Mg). That approach to describe the new composites utilising the scanning electron microscope (SEM) and malleable ductile weariness test have analysed. The hybrid composites have increased the strength for a contribution of reinforced particles. The fatigue behaviour of developed composites has analysed at the room temperature for the low cycle fatigue. The working conditions pursued by the low cycle weariness recurrence level 1 to 25 HZ. The diminishing existence of the metal framework in view of the LCF strain sufficiency for the room and hoisted temperature 3,000 C and R = (emin/emax) = 0. The experiments deliberate with continuous amplitude for a prearranged strain of amplitude. The disfigured assessment of weariness standard and thoroughly considered the mean pressure an incentive as far as weakness life acquired in the test results.

Hardness is an important mechanical property which determines the applicability of polymer composites. Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) invented by Iijima by arc-discharge technique. It possesses some unique properties like Young’s modulus, the values varies from 0.42 to 4.15 TPa, tensile strength of 1 TPa, density varies between 1.3 and 3 g/cm3 which is comparatively lower than commercial carbon fibers. This makes CNT as a potential reinforcement with metal and polymers for enhancement of properties. This work describes about preparation of PP-CNT composites with different ratios. Hardness of the composites were measured using Nanoindentation method and found that hardness of the PP-CNT system increases significantly with the increase of CNT proportion in the PP matrix.

Fibers play an imperative role in determining the tribological behavior of reinforced friction composites. The objective of the present study is to develop recycled basalt and recycled aramid fiber reinforced hybrid friction composites with the addition of various fillers and optimize the tribological behaviors of the composites. The pin-on-disc test rig was used to conduct dry sliding wear following Taguchi's L27 orthogonal array with process parameters of the applied load, sliding speed and the weight percentage of fiber content. Grey relational analysis was adopted for tribological parameters optimization, satisfying multiple performance characteristics. Analysis of variance was used to find the contribution of individual factors that affect tribological behavior. Optimal parameter combination for multi-response characteristics of the friction composite under investigation was applied a load of 15 N, sliding speed of 1 m s−1 and composite with 25 weight percent of fiber content. The results showed that addition of fiber content significantly increased wear resistance of the friction composites. Further, from the scanning electron microscopy images of friction and wear tested friction composites, plateau formation, fiber-matrix debonding, fiber pull out, cracks and damage on the matrix and various wear mechanism were identified.

A series of six-coordinate ruthenium(II) complexes [Ru(CO)(L x )(B)] (B = PPh3, AsPh3 or Py; L x = unsymmetrical tetradentate Schiff base, x = 5–8; L5= salen-2-hyna, L6= Cl-salen-2-hyna, L7= valen-2-hyna, L8= o-hyac-2-hyna) have been prepared by reacting [RuHCl(CO)(EPh3)2(B)] (E = P or As) with unsymmetrical Schiff bases in benzene under reflux. The new complexes have been characterized by analytical and spectroscopic (infrared, electronic, 1H, 31P, and 13C NMR) data. An octahedral structure has been assigned for all the complexes. The new complexes are efficient catalysts for the transfer hydrogenation of ketones and also exhibit catalytic activity for the carbon–carbon coupling reactions.

The accumulation of ethylene in headspace of hypocotyl cultures of geranium (Pelargonium × hortorum Bailey) and its possible role in thidiazuron-mediated somatic embryogenesis was investigated. The action of ethylene as determined by various ethylene synthesis and action inhibitors was varied. Silver nitrate (AgNo3), aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG), and silver thiosulphate (STS) had no significant influence on the embryogenic response, while 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) applied during the initial 3 d of induction or the expression phase, significantly increased the number of somatic embryos formed. Thidiazuron-treated tissues accumulated large quantities of ethylene within 6 h of culture, but the levels decreased after 12 h and reached very low levels after 3 d in culture. In the presence of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), the levels of ethylene decreased by 20 to 50% during the first 48 h of culture. Analysis of endogenous auxin, cytokinins, and abscisic acid (ABA) indicated possible interactions of ethylene with other phytohormones during the induction of somatic embryos on geranium hypocotyl explants. Thidiazuron (10 µM) increased, while ASA decreased the levels of endogenous auxin, cytokinins, and abscisic acid during this period of induction.

Background and Objectives: Nitric oxide (NO) is a ubiquitous intercellular messenger molecule with important cardiovascular, neurological, and immune functions. In addition, it has been postulated that the pharmacological inhibition of NO or its actions may be therapeutically valuable in the disease management. The levels of nitric oxide may provide clues about the severity and the state of the underlying disease process. It could be an inflammatory biomarker that may enable clinicians to direct the environmentally based prevention or treatment programmes and to establish whether NO plays a role in the pathogenesis of periodontitis or not. Hence, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the salivary and the serum levels of NO in generalized chronic and aggressive periodontitis. The Study Design: Unstimulated whole saliva and serum samples were collected from a total of 60 subjects who were in the age group of 18-45 years, who participated in this study. They were divided into three equal groups with 20 subjects in each group; group A (healthy controls), group B (chronic periodontitis) and group C (aggressive periodontitis). The clinical parameters were assessed, based on the oral hygiene index simplified (OHI-S), the gingival index (GI), the probing pocket depth and the clinical attachment loss (CAL). A biochemical analysis was performed to evaluate and compare the salivary and the serum nitric oxide levels of the above groups. Statistical Analysis and Results: The statistical comparisons were done under the Griess Reaction. There were statistically significant salivary and serum levels of NO in the groups of periodontitis (group B and C) as compared to those in the healthy controls (group A). A significant positive correlation was found between the values of the salivary and the serum NO levels in chronic and aggressive periodontitis. Conclusion: Nitric oxide is a potent modulator of the inflammatory disease processes and under pathological conditions, NO has damaging effects. As there is a paucity in the studies which have compared chronic and aggressive periodontitis, this study paved an interest for combining the serum and the salivary analysis in comparing the levels of nitric oxide in chronic and aggressive periodontitis.

The effect of salt (sodium sulfate) on carbohydrate metabolism was studied in a salt-tolerant (Kharchia-65) variety and a salt-susceptible (Fielder) variety of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) by comparing their responses under control and stress conditions. Leaf segments of Kharchia-65 showed increased activity through both the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) and the glycolytic pathway of glucose oxidation, with the former being comparatively more active in response to salt. In Fielder, there was an increase in PPP activity at the expense of glycolytic pathway activity. Label from glucose was found in the lipid, neutral sugar, amino acid, organic acid, and phosphate ester fractions in all treatments. On the basis of the label distribution patterns, it appears that Fielder leaves incubated with [14C-6]-glucose were not able to utilize glucose efficiently under saline conditions. This finding was further supported by decreased label incorporation into all the fractions, especially the amino acid and organic ac...