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This study aimed to evaluate the effects of floor position in a multitier closed house on microcli-matic air quality and litter conditions. Fourteen thousand and five hundred unsexed Ross broiler chick-ens with a DOC body weight of 45.84 ± 2.40 g were placed on each floor of a three-tier closed house and allocated to a randomized block design consisted of 3 treatments and 18 replications. Each floor measured 12x78x2 m3. The maintenance procedure was applied according to the integrated partnership company guidelines PT Tumbuh Optimal Prima, with an observation period of 28 days. The treatments applied were as follows: T1= placement of broiler chickens on the 1st floor, T2= placement of broiler chickens on the 2nd floor, and T3= placement of broiler chickens on the 3rd floor. Microclimate condi-tions (temperature, RH, wind speed, temperature humidity index, wind chill effect, and calculated real feel temperature) and air quality parameters (NH3, CO2, O2, TVOC, and HCHO) were measured daily on each floor. Litter conditions, included water content, litter temperature, NH3 content, pH, and caking were measured weekly. The results revealed that during the starter phase (weeks 1–2), the microclimat-ic conditions and air quality of the 3rd floor were significantly better (P0.05). In conclusion, the microclimatic conditions and air quali-ty of the 3rd floor were generally superior to those of the lower floors over the 4-week rearing period, whereas the litter quality was inferior.

The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of Kleinhovia hospita L. extract (KE) on growth performance, intestinal condition and antioxidative status of broilers raised in high stocking density pens. A total of 370-day-old broiler chicks were randomly grouped into five groups with five replicates. The groups were T0 (chicks raised in normal density, 10 birds/m2; as a negative control), KE0 (chicks raised in high density, 16 birds/m2, without KE supplementation; as a positive control), KE0.25, KE0.5 and KE1 (chicks raised in high density with KE supplementation of 2.5, 5 and 10 g/kg, respectively). Based on the completely randomized design, the data were treated. Results showed that KE1 chicks had the highest (p

The study aimed to investigate the effect of supplementing chitosan, Bacillus subtilis or blends of both on broiler growth performance, immune response, biochemical variables, and intestinal ecology of broiler chickens. Two hundred and eighty day-old chicks were distributed into 4 experimental groups, including T0 (control, basal feed), T1 (basal feed + chitosan 0.1% feed), T2 (basal feed + B. subtilis 0.01% feed), and T3 (basal feed + chitosan 0.1% feed + B. subtilis 0.01% feed). Variables measurements and sample collection were conducted on day 35. The T3 did not differ from T0 and T1, but they consumed less (p≤0.05) feed than T2 chickens. Feed conversion ratio (FCR) was lower (p≤0.05) in T1 and T3 compared to T0 and T2 groups. Leukocyte counts in T2 and T3 were higher (p≤0.05) than those in T0. The T1, T2, and T3 had higher (p≤0.05) lymphocyte counts than T0. The T3 had lower (p≤0.05) low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels than the T0 group. The T2 had higher (p≤0.05) levels of total protein and globulin than T3 and T0. Compared to T0 and T3, serum albumin levels were greater (p≤0.05) in T1 and T2. The T3 had higher (p≤0.05) duodenal villi height than that in the other groups. The T2 and T3 chicks had higher (p≤0.05) Newcastle disease titer than T0 and T1. Compared to T2 and T3, T0 and T1 showed a worse (p≤0.05) microscopic structure of jejunum. The T2 and T3 showed lower (p≤0.05) lesion score in bursa of fabricius than that in the other groups. In conclusion, the blends of chitosan and B. subtilis resulted in improved FCR, higher leukocyte and lymphocyte counts, lower LDL, higher duodenal villi height, higher Newcastle disease titer, better microscopic structure of jejunum, and lower lesion score in bursa of fabricius of broiler chickens.

Restriction of synthetic antioxidants and prohibition of antibiotic growth promoters (AGP) have had an impact on impairing the growth rate of broiler chickens, and hence the alternatives for these additives are urgently needed by broiler farmers. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of Moringa oleifera leaves extract (MOLE), whey protein or their combination on the growth, carcass and meat quality of broilers. A total of 336 broiler chicks were arranged into four groups, including T0 (basal diet with no additive), T1 (basal diet with 1% MOLE), T2 (basal diet with 1% whey protein powder) and T3 (basal diet with 0.5% MOLE and 0.5% whey protein powder). Body weight and feed intake were recorded weekly. Internal organs and meats were obtained on day 42. Results showed that MOLE impaired body weight, body weight gain and feed conversion ratio of broilers (p

This study aimed to examine the effect of differences in altitude on the performance of broiler chickens. The experimental design used was a completely randomized design (CRD) with 3 treatments and 8 replications. For this research, the broiler chickens were reared in closed house cages at different altitudes: lowlands, medium lands, and highlands with the same Standard Operation Procedure (SOP). The treatments applied were T1 (broilers reared at an altitude of ± < 600 meters), T2 (broilers reared at an altitude of ± 800 – 1000 meters) and T3 (broilers reared at an altitude of ± > 1000 meters). The data were analyzed to determine the treatment effect using Duncan's Multiple Distance Test. The parameters measured were feed consumption, body weight gain (WG), feed conversion ratio (FCR), index performance (IP) and income over feed cost (IOFC). The results showed that altitude had a significant effect (P

This study aims to evaluate the use of cassava peels added with lactic acid bacteria on the immune organ weight of super native chickens. The material used in this study was 144 Day Old Chick (DOC) super unsex native chicken with an average body weight of 34 ± 3,14 gram. The research design used was a completely randomized design (CRD) with a dose of liquid feed additive in the form of a combination of cassava peel flour and lactic acid bacteria mixed with rations. The treatments in this study included T0: basal ration, T1 (basal ration + 10% feed additive ml/kg), T2 (basal ration + 15% feed additive ml/kg) and T3 (basal ration + 20% feed additive ml/kg). The parameters observed were body weight, the relative weight of lymph, thymus, and bursa Fabricius superficial chicken stock exchange. The result showed that the combination of cassava peel and lactic acid bacteria had no significant effect (P>0.05) on body weight, the relative weight of the lymph organs, thymus, and bursa Fabricius of super native chickens. This research concludes that the combination of cassava peel and lactic acid bacteria as a feed additive can maintain chickens' health by not increasing the relative weight of the super native chicken immune organs to the level of 200 ml/kg.

This study aims to examine the effect of adding nucleotides in broiler rations on the protein mass and calcium mass of broiler chicken reared at different temperatures. The material used was 135 broiler chickens aged 15 days with a weight of 462.20 ± 9 grams of unsex Ross strain and nucleotides imported from China produced by CBH Co. Ltd., China. The study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with a 3x3 factorial pattern with 5 replications. The treatment was carried out at the age of 15-35 days. The treatment given was the first factor adding nucleotides (T0 = nucleotides 0 g/kg feed, T1 = nucleotides 0.5 g/kg feed, T2 = nucleotides 1 g/kg feed) and the second factor was temperature (Heat = S1 = 30 – 32?, Comfortable = S2 = 20 – 23?, Natural = S3 = 24 – 34?). Parameters observed were protein content, calcium content, protein mass, and calcium mass of broiler chicken meat. The research data were analyzed using the F test of variance analysis, if there was a real treatment effect, then Duncan's test was continued. The results showed that there was no interaction between the addition of nucleotides with different maintenance temperatures on protein content, calcium content, protein mass, and calcium mass of meat. Nucleotide 0.05 g had a significant effect (P

Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui pengaruh penambahan sinbiotik ekstrak inulin umbi gembili (EIUG) dengan lactobacillus plantarum terhadap kualitas interior telur itik Pengging. Materi yang digunakan 100 ekor itik Pengging betina tua berumur 75 minggu bobot badan rata-rata 1.467 90,86 g. Rancangan yang digunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap 4 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan. Perlakuan adalah T0 = pakan kontrol, T1 = pakan kontrol + sinbiotik 1,0% = 1,5 ml/150 g ransum, T2 = pakan kontrol + sinbiotik 1,5 % = 2,25 ml/150 g ransum, T3 = pakan kontrol + sinbiotik 2,0 % = 3 ml/150 g ransum. Parameter yang diamati indeks kuning telur, haugh unit, warna kuning telur dan pH putih telur. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis ragam dengan uji F. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penambahan sinbiotik tidak berpengaruh nyata (P>0,05) terhadap kualitas interior telur meliputi, indeks kuning telur, haugh unit, warna kuning telur dan pH putih telur. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah pemanfaatan sinbiotik dari EIUG dengan bakteri Lactobaillus plantarum sampai level 2% = 3 ml/150 g ransum tidak efektif, karena ternak itik Pengging umurnya sudah tua sehingga tidak mampu meningkatkan Indeks Kuning Telur, Haugh Unit, Warna Kuning Telur dan pH putih telur.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh umur induk dan lama penyimpanan telur terhadap bobot telur tetas, daya tetas, dan bobot tetas ayam Kedu Jengger Merah. Materi yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah 121 butir telur hasil produksi 25 ekor betina dan 5 ekor jantan Ayam Kedu Jengger Merah umur 61-65 minggu, dengan sex ratio 1 : 5. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) pola faktorial 5 x 4 dengan 5 kali ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah umur induk (61, 62, 63, 64 dan 65 minggu) dan faktor kedua adalah lama penyimpanan telur tetas (1, 3, 5 dan 7 hari) pada suhu ruang. Parameter yang diamati adalah bobot telur tetas, daya tetas, dan bobot tetas. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan prosedur General Linear Model (GLM) dengan alat bantu SAS Ver. 6.12. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat pengaruh interaksi antara umur induk dan lama simpan terhadap parameter yang diamati. Umur induk tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap parameter yang diamati sedangkan lama simpan berpengaruh nyata (P

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh lama penyimpanan terhadap kualitas interior telur ayam Kedu jengger merah. Materi yang digunakan adalah 113 butir telur ayam kedu jengger merah. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 5 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan. Perlakuan yang digunakan yaitu penyimpanan telur 1 hari (T0), penyimpanan telur 3 hari (T1), penyimpanan telur 5 hari (T2), penyimpanan telur 7 hari (T3) dan penyimpanan telur 9 hari (T4). Parameter yang diamati meliputi bobot putih telur, bobot kuning telur dan haugh unit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lama penyimpanan berpengaruh nyata (p

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi dampak perubahan mikroklimatik amonia pada penempatan` zona yang berbeda didalam closed house terhadap tampilan karkas ayam broiler. Penelitian menggunakan 720 ekor ayam broiler strain cobb unsexed dengan bobot Day Old Chick (DOC) 49,25 ± 1,13 gram yang dipelihara di kandang closed house berukuran 60 x 12 meter. Perlakuan yang diterapkan yaitu posisi penempatan ayam di dalam kandang closed house pada zona berbeda yaitu zona 1 (tepat pada inlet), zona 2 (¼ panjang closed house dari inlet), zona 3 (½ panjang closed house dari inlet) dan zona 4 (¾ panjang closed house dari inlet). Parameter yang diamati terdiri dari bobot hidup, bobot karkas, persentase karkas, bobot non karkas dan persentase non karkas. Sebagai data pendukung kondisi mikroklimat termasuk perubahan mikroklimatik amonia akibat penempatan pada zona diamati pada penelitian ini untuk memberikan gambaran kondisi aktual mikroklimat didalam closed house. Data yang didapatkan dianalisis ragam dan uji Duncan. Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada zona yang semakin jauh dari inlet terdapat perubahan kondisi mikroklimatik termasuk peningkatan mikroklimatik amonia. Penempatan ayam saat menjauhi inlet nyata (P < 0,05) menurunkan bobot hidup, bobot karkas dan bobot viscera namun tidak mempengaruhi bobot non karkas, bobot giblet, bobot viscera, persentase karkas, persentase non karkas dan persentase viscera secara nyata. Disimpulkan bahwa penempatan zona pada jarak ¼ panjang kandang dari inlet diikuti dengan peningkatan mikroklimatik amonia sudah mulai menurunkan tampilan karkas broiler.

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengkaji bobot organ saluran pencernaan ayam pedaging yang diberi pakan menggunakan aditif pakan kombinasi kulit singkong dan bakteri asam laktat dalam bentuk cair. Materi yang digunakan yaitu 144 ekor ayam pedaging umur 10 hari dengan rata-rata bobot badan awal pemeliharaan 198,59 gram ± 8,12 yang di distribusikan pada 24 unit percobaan dalam rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 perlakuan dan 6 ulangan. Perlakuan yang diterapkan adalah T0 : ransum basal; T1 : ransum basal + 50 ml aditif pakan/kg ransum; T2 : ransum basal + 100 ml aditif pakan/kg ransum dan T3 : ransum basal + 150 ml aditif pakan/kg ransum. Data yang diperoleh selanjutnya diolah secara statistik dengan Analisys of Variance (Anova) dengan taraf signifikansi 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan dengan penambahan aditif pakan di dalam ransum tidak berpengaruh nyata (P>0,05) terhadap bobot relatif proventrikulus, ventrikulus, usus halus dan seka. Kesimpulan dari penelitian adalah aditif pakan kombinasi kulit singkong dan bakteri asam laktat belum mampu meningkatkan bobot relatif organ pencernaan ayam pedaging.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh level step down dengan pemberian acidifier pada berbagai protein pakan terhadap konsumsi pakan, pertambahan bobot badan dan konversi pakan. Penelitian ini menggunakan 210 Day Old Chicken (DOC) Unsexed dengan rata-rata bobot badan 44,34 ± 0,14 g dan pakan dengan level protein yang berbeda. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap dengan 3 perlakuan dan 7 ulangan, sehingga ada 21 unit percobaan dengan jumlah 10 ekor ayam tiap unit. Perlakuan yang diterapkan yaitu step down protein dengan level 22%, 18% dan 16% dengan pemberian acidifier 1,2%/100 gram pakan. Parameter yang diamati penelitian ini adalah konsumsi pakan, pertambahan bobot badan dan konversi pakan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penurunan kadar protein pakan (stepdown protein) 4 – 6% dengan penambahan acidifier 1,2%/100g berpengaruh nyata (P

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh umur induk dan lama penyimpanan terhadap kualitas internal telur ayam kedu jengger hitam. Penelitian dilaksanakan mulai bulan September sampai dengan November 2018 di Balai Pusat Bibit Ternak Non Ruminansia (BPBTNR) Satker Ayam Maron, Kabupaten Temanggung, Jawa Tengah. Materi penelitian ini adalah 60 butir telur yang berasal dari 18 ekor ayam kedu jengger hitam berumur 61-65 minggu. Rancangan acak lengkap pola faktorial 5 x 4 dengan 3 kali ulangan diterapkan pada penelitian ini. Faktor pertama adalah umur induk yaitu 61, 62, 63, 64, dan 65 minggu. Faktor kedua yaitu lama penyimpanan 1, 3, 5 dan 7 hari. Parameter yang diamati meliputi indeks kuning telur, haugh unit, dan indeks putih telur. Data dianalisis dengan prosedur General Linear Model (GLM) program Statistical Analysis System (SAS) Versi 6.12. Jika perlakuan berpengaruh nyata terhadap parameter yang diamati, maka dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan multiple range test. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa tidak terdapat pengaruh interaksi antara umur induk dan lama penyimpanan terhadap kualitas internal telur. Umur induk tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap kualitas internal telur, sementara itu, lama penyimpanan berpengaruh nyata (P

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji sinbiotik kombinasi inulin ekstrak umbi gembili (IEUG) dengan Lactobacillus plantarum dalam pakan ayam broiler terhadap massa kalsium dan protein daging. Materi yang digunakan adalah DOC ayam broiler sejumlah 144 ekor unsexed, dengan bobot badan awal 45,68 ±1,52 gram. Ransum yang digunakan selama pemeliharaan mengandung PK 22% dan energi metabolis (EM) 3000 kkal/kg. Pemberian perlakuan dilakukan umur 0 – 42 hari. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap 4 perlakuan dengan 6 ulangan, dan setiap unit percobaan terdapat 6 ekor ayam. Penambahan sinbiotik yang diterapkan yaitu T0 = 0 ml/100 g ransum, T1 = 1 ml/100 g ransum, T2 = 2 ml/100 g ransum dan T3 = 3 ml/100 g ransum. Parameter yang diambil kadar protein, kadar kalsium, massa protein dan massa kalsium daging. Data hasil penelitian dianalisis menggunakan analisis ragam uji F, apabila terdapat pengaruh perlakuan yang nyata, dilanjutkan uji Duncan. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan semakin tinggi dosis penambahan sinbiotik berpengaruh nyata (P

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan sistem pemeliharaan intensif dan semi intensif terhadap kualitas interior telur berupa kadar protein putih telur serta lemak dan kolesterol kuning telur pada itik Tegal di KTT Bulusari, Pemalang. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret – April 2018 di peternakan rakyat Desa Bulu, Kecamatan Petarukan, Kabupaten Pemalang, Jawa Tengah. Materi yang digunakan dalam penelitian yaitu itik Tegal betina dari 13 peternak itik di KTT Bulusari yang terdiri dari 7 peternak dengan sistem pemeliharaan semi intensif dan 6 peternak dengan sistem pemeliharaan intensif. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif yang menginterprestasikan suatu data dari sampel penelitian yang dianalisis dengan uji Mann-Whitney. Hasil penelitian KTT Bulusari, Kabupaten Pemalang menunjukkan bahwa bahwa sistem pemeliharaan secara intensif dan semi intensif berpengaruh terhadap kualitas interior telur itik Tegal. Kualitas interior pada sistem pemeliharaan intensif yaitu kadar protein putih telur 10,74%, kadar lemak kuning telur 44,57%, kadar kolesterol kuning telur 10,65%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa kualitas interior telur itik Tegal yang dipelihara secara intensif lebih baik jika dibandingkan dengan itik yang dipelihara secara semi intensif.

The aim of this research was to evaluate calcium deposition in egg using eggshell flour as a limestone substitute in feed. Two hundreds laying hen of Isa Brown strain of 25 weeks were used in this study. Treatments were diet with 7.5% limestone as control (T0), 2.5% limestone is substituted with eggshell flour(T1), 5% limestone is substituted with eggshell flour (T2) and limestone is substituted with eggshell flour (T3). A completly randomized design were used to allocated the treatments with 5 replications of each. Each experimental unit consists of 10 laying hens. Parameters measured were egg weight, yolk weight, albumen weight, eggshell weight, calcium of egg (yolk, albumen and eggshell), length, weight and Ca of tibia bone. The results showed that substitution of limestone with eggshell flour had significantly effect (P

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh level protein dalam ransum dan lama pencahayaan terhadap bobot daging, bobot tulang dan nisbah daging tulang karkas burung puyuh jantan. Materi yang digunakan penelitian ini adalah 270 ekor puyuh jantan umur 2 hari dengan bobot badan 8,6 ± 0,50 g (CV = 5,81%), mulai perlakuan puyuh berumur 4 minggu dengan bobot badan 82,5 ± 0,80 g (CV = 0,97%). Rancangan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan pola Rancangan Petak Terbagi. Lama pencahayaan sebagai petak utama, meliputi C1 : lama pencahayaan lampu selama 4 jam, C2 : selama 6 jam dan C3 : selama 12 jam. Level protein dalam ransum sebagai anak petak, meliputi P1 : kadar protein ransum 18%, P2 : protein ransum 20% dan P3 : protein ransum 22%. Parameter yang diamati bobot daging, bobot tulang dan nisbah daging tulang karkas. Pengambilan data dilakukan pada minggu ke-8. Data yang didapat dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis ragam (ANOVA) dan uji F. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat interaksi (P>0,05) antara level protein dalam ransum dan lama pencahayaan terhadap bobot daging, bobot tulang dan nisbah daging tulang karkas. Simpulan penelitian ini adalah pemberian level protein dan lama pencahayaan yang berbeda tidak mempengaruhi bobot daging, bobot tulang dan nisbah daging tulang karkas.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh pakan sumber protein berbeda terhadap laju pakan, kecernaan protein dan retensi N ayam lokal persilangan. Materi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah 126 ekor ayam lokal persilangan unsexed umur 2 minggu dengan rata-rata bobot badan 129 ± 6,34 g (CV= 5,08%) dan diberi perlakuan selama 8 minggu. Penelitian dilaksanakan menggunakan metode Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 3 perlakuan dan 7 ulangan, sehingga terdiri dari 21 unit percobaan dengan masing-masing unit percobaan berisi 6 ekor ayam. Bahan pakan sumber energi yang digunakan adalah jagung dan bekatul sera feed supplement berupa CaCO3. Perlakuan yang dicobakan yaitu: T1 (dua sumber protein, tepung ikan dan bungkil kedelai), T2 (tiga sumber protein (tepung ikan, bungkil kedelai, dan MBM) dan T3 (empat sumber protein (tepung ikan, bungkil kedelai, MBM, dan PMM). Parameter yang diamati adalah laju pakan, kecernaan protein dan retensi nitrogen. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan analisis ragam dan diuji dengan uji F taraf 5%, apabila perlakuan berpengaruh nyata terhadap parameter dilanjutkan dengan uji jarak berganda dari Duncan taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan berpengaruh nyata (P0,05) terhadap kecernaan protein lokal persilangan. Kesimpulan hasil penelitian ini adalah dengan bahan pakan sumber protein yang bervariasi dan sumber energi yang sama dapat memperlambat laju pakan, meningkatkan retensi N, tetapi menghasilkan kecernaan protein yang sama. Kata kunci : pakan sumber protein berbeda, laju pakan, kecernaan protein, retensi N, ayam lokal persilangan.

The aim of this study was to examine the effect of soy sauce waste in the ration on protein, fat and calcium content in the yolk of Mojosari laying duck. The animals used were 240 Mojosari laying ducks at 20 weeks old with the average of body weight were 1,385.0 ± 130.85 g (CV = 9.44%). Feed materials used were corn, rice bran, soybean meal, fish meal, wheat pollard, premix and soy sauce waste. The experimental design used was a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatment and 6 replications so that there were 24 experimental units and each consists 10 ducks. The treatments were soy sauce waste at level T0 : 0%, T1: 5%, T2: 7,5% and T3: 10%. The data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Significant differences were denoted as P

This study was to determine the effect of synbiotic as a feed additive of laying hens for the interior egg quality. This study used 100 laying hens which are 40 weeks old as the material. The body weight of laying hens are 1.81 ± 0.12 grams. The treatment used in this study was the addition of synbiotic to the level of 0.5%, 1.0% and 1.5%. This study uses a ration that consist of soybean meal, corn, rice bran, meat bone meal, premix and feed supplement. The research method was experiment laboratory using Completely Randomized study uses a completely randomized design with 4 treatments consisting of 5 replicates. Using 20 experimental units consisting 5 laying hens. The data was analyzed by using analysis of variance and F test at 5% level. The results showed that the addition of synbiotic did gave significant effect on egg white index, egg yolk index and Haugh units (P> 0.05), while for the color of egg yolk affacted significantly (P

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh pemberian tepung limbah udang fermentasi terhadap kualitas kimiawi telur puyuh. Materi yang digunakan adalah puyuh petelur umur 6 minggu sejumlah 250 ekor, bobot badan 140,95±9,58. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode eksperimental. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan 5 perlakuan dan 5 kali ulangan. Setiap unit percobaan terdiri dari 10 ekor puyuh. Perlakuan yang digunakan adalah tepung limbah udang fermentasi dengan level 0%, 5%, 7,5% dan 10%, serta tepung limbah udang tidak fermentasi sebanyak 7,5%. Analisis data menggunakan analisis ragam dan uji Duncan pada taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian tepung limbah fermentasi tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap kadar protein (P>0,05), sedangkan untuk lemak, koleterol, HDL dan LDL telur berpengaruh nyata (P

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh frekuensi dan periode pemberian pakan terhadap efisiensi penggunaan protein pada puyuh betina. Penelitian menggunakan 180 ekor puyuh betina umur 3 minggu dengan bobot badan 58,44 ±11,34 g. Pemeliharaan puyuh dilakukan pada kandang baterai dari kawat. Penelitian menggunakan pakan komersial. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) pola faktorial 3x3 terdiri dari 4 ulangan, sehingga terdapat 36 percobaan dan masing-masing percobaan terdiri dari 5 ekor puyuh betina. Faktor pertama terdiri dari 3 frekuensi pemberian pakan yaitu F1 (1 kali), F2 (2 kali) dan F3 (3 kali) dan faktor kedua terdiri dari 3 periode pemberian pakan yaitu P1 (16 jam), P2 (14 jam) dan P3 (12 jam). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat pengaruh nyata (P>0,05) interaksi frekuensi dan periode pemberian pakan tetapi pada faktor (F) frekuensi pemberian pakan berpengaruh nyata (P0,05) pada semua parameter. Dilihat dari kemampuan dalam memanfaatkan protein dari frekuensi 2 kali dan periode pemberian pakan selama 16 jam menunjukkan efisiensi penggunaan protein yang terbaik.

The research was aimed to evaluate the performance of laying hens fed different calcium sources.Two hundreds of Isa Brown laying hens were used in this study. The hens were raised in individualbattery cages units for 12 weeks. Four calcium source (limestone as a control, 5% limestone + 2.5%eggshells waste, 2.5% limestone + 5% eggshells waste and 7.5% eggshell waste) were used in feedexperiment. A completely randomized design was applied, with 4 treatments and 5 replications. Eachexperimental unit consisted of 10 laying hens. The parameters measured were feed intake, proteinintake, calcium intake, phosphorus intake, egg production, egg weight and feed conversion ratio. Resultsof the research showed that the calcium source had significantly effect on performance productions. Theuse of eggshell waste 7.5% significantly increased the feed intake, calcium intake, phosphorus intake,egg production and egg weight except for feed conversion ratio. The conclusion of this research was thatthe use of eggshell waste as calcium source of feed resulted in better performance than using limestoneor mixed limestone with eggshell waste.

An experiment was conducted to investigate the expired bread meal used as corn substitution in thebroiler diets to optimally the product performance. One hundred day old chick (DOC) male broilerswere given the same diet until 2 weeks old, and then given the treatment diet until 7 weeks of age. ACompletely Randomized Design was used in this study. Data were analyzed by variance of analysis, andfollowed by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test The treatments were : T0 = control feed (without expiredbread meal), T1 = corn substituted with 10% expired bread meal, T2 = corn substituted with 20%expired bread meal, T3 = corn substituted with 30% expired bread meal and T4 = corn substituted with40% expired bread meal. The result indicated that corn substituted with expired bread meal up to 40%has not significantly affected on carcass weight, carcass percentage and feed conversion, but decreasedsignificantly on feed consumption and body weight gain. It can be concluded that the use of expiredbread meal 30% of the proportion of corn produced the most optimal broiler performance. Thesubstitution corn with expired bread meal 40% was decreased body weight gain.

The research was aimed to evaluate the performance of laying hens fed different calcium sources. Two hundreds of Isa Brown laying hens were used in this study. The hens were raised in individual battery cages units for 12 weeks. Four calcium source (limestone as a control, 5% limestone + 2.5% eggshells waste, 2.5% limestone + 5% eggshells waste and 7.5% eggshell waste) were used in feed experiment. A completely randomized design was applied, with 4 treatments and 5 replications. Each experimental unit consisted of 10 laying hens. The parameters measured were feed intake, protein intake, calcium intake, phosphorus intake, egg production, egg weight and feed conversion ratio. Results of the research showed that the calcium source had significantly effect on performance productions. The use of eggshell waste 7.5% significantly increased the feed intake, calcium intake, phosphorus intake, egg production and egg weight except for feed conversion ratio. The conclusion of this research was that the use of eggshell waste as calcium source of feed resulted in better performance than using limestone or mixed limestone with eggshell waste.

The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of H3 PO4 concentrations and particle size of eggshell used in the feed of laying hens on bone and blood profiles. Ninety-six laying hens (Isa Brown strain) age 25 weeks were kept in individual battery cage and divided into 8 groups randomly. Group 1 was fed using eggshell with out H3PO4 and particle size of 0.05) between the H3PO4 concentration and particle size of eggshell on weight, volume, diameter of tibia bone and calcium and phosphorus content of the blood. The concentration of H3PO4 or particles size also had no effect (P>0.05) on all variables. Doi: 10.12777/ijse.5.1.12-14 [How to cite this article: Kismiati, S., Yuwanta, T., Zuprizal, and Supadmo. (2013). Effect of H3PO4 Concentration and Particle Size of the Eggshell Used in Laying Hens Fed on Bone and Blood. International Journal of Science and Engineering, 5(1),6-11. Doi: 10.12777/ijse.5.1.12-14]

Background and Aim: The Vernonia amygdalina Del. leaf extract (VALE) contains several natural antioxidants, including flavonoids, which effectively ameliorate cholesterol levels while improving quail carcass traits and meat quality. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of VALE on Japanese quail ( Coturnix coturnix japonica ) carcass traits and meat., Materials and Methods: In total, 260 Japanese quails (aged 5 weeks and body weight = 129.1 ± 2.2 g) were raised in an open-sided house and randomized to four VALE treatments: T0: Control, T1: 10 mL/L, T2: 20 mL/L, and T3: 10 mL/L in drinking water. After 12 weeks, carcass traits and chemical and physical meat qualities were evaluated., Results: Vernonia amygdalina leaf extract in drinking water exerted significant effects (p < 0.05) on carcass weight, cholesterol levels, and meat water holding capacity (WHC) without significantly affecting carcass and non-carcass percentages, moisture, protein, fat, and meat color qualities. The highest carcass weights and lowest cholesterol levels were identified in the T2 group, while WHC improved in the T3., Conclusion: Thus, VALE supplementation (20 mL/L) to quails improved carcass traits, especially cholesterol levels and carcass weights., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests., (Copyright: © Kismiati, et al.)

Background and Aim: Duck eggs have high cholesterol levels; inulin addition combined with probiotic is known in several studies to lower cholesterol, while maintaining egg production capacity and blood hematology. This study aimed to investigate the effect of the addition of synbiotic preparations on egg production, egg quality, and hematology of Pengging ducks., Materials and Methods: A total of 200 female Pengging ducks aged 75 weeks (late production phase) and weighing 1467±90.87 g were maintained in litter cages, each measuring 1×1 ducks. The treatment included the addition of synbiotics between the inulin of gembili tuber ( Dioscorea esculenta L. and Lactobacillus plantarum Ina CC B76) as follows: T0=control feed ("farmer feed"), T1=control feed+synbiotics 1 mL/100 g, T2=control feed+synbiotics 1.5 mL/g, and T3=control feed+synbiotics 2 mL/100 g in the feed. A completely randomized design was used in this study. The production performance, physical and chemical qualities of eggs, and hematological parameters of Pengging ducks were evaluated., Results: The addition of synbiotics had no significant impact on the production performance, physical and chemical qualities of eggs, and hematological parameters (p>0.05), except for the egg yolk cholesterol content. The cholesterol content decreased significantly (p<0.05) with T2 and T3 treatments, but they had no significant effect (p>0.05). A significant decrease (p<0.01) in cholesterol levels was observed when the synbiotic dose was given at 1.5 ml/100 g feed (T2). However, there was no further decrease in cholesterol level when the synbiotic dose was increased to 2 ml/100g fed (T3)., Conclusion: The addition of synbiotics preparations at 1.5 mL/100 g reduced the cholesterol content but did not improve egg production, egg physical quality, and hematology of Pengging ducks., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests., (Copyright: © Kismiati, et al.)

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the addition of binahong leaf powder to quail rations on the production and quality of eggs., Materials and Methods: The study involved the use of two hundred 7-week-old quails housed evenly in 20 wire cages with a body weight of 123.77±0.72 g. The quails were treated as follows: Ration without binahong leaf powder (T0), addition 2% of binahong leaf powder (T1), addition 4% of binahong leaf powder (T2), and addition 6% of binahong leaf powder (T3). The study used a completely randomized design. The parameters measured were the production, weight, and characteristics of the eggs, as well as the cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and egg protein content in the yolk., Results: The addition of 2-6% binahong powder did not significantly affect egg production, egg characteristics, or egg protein content, but significantly (p<0.05) affected the cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL, and LDL contents in yolk. The cholesterol, triglyceride, and LDL contents decreased significantly in T1, whereas HDL increased significantly in T2 and T3., Conclusion: The addition of 2% binahong was enough to obtain healthy quail eggs with low levels of cholesterol, triglyceride, and LDL., (Copyright: © Kismiati, et al.)