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AIM: To determine the coverage of smoking or/and overweight residents of Russian cities with preventive counseling (PC) on smoking cessation and weight loss and identify the associations of obtaining these types of PC with demographic, socioeconomic, and behavioral characteristics. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study was conducted based on data from the Know Your Heart study (Arkhangelsk and Novosibirsk, 20152018, n=3234). The coverage of individual groups of the PC population was compared using the Pearson 2 test. The factors associated with the receipt of PC were identified by using binary logistic regression. The quality of the obtained predictive models was assessed by analyzing the ROC curves. RESULTS: Less than half of the participants with increased BMI received PC for weight loss. Sixty-six percent of smokers were counseled to quit smoking. Factors such as gender, age, self-reported health, and number of visits to medical specialists within 12 months were significant for obtaining PC. Socioeconomic characteristics, dispanserization, and the presence of other RF did not show statistically significant differences. CONCLUSIONS: PC is an effective element of preventive medical care. The activity of the health care system in counseling the population from risk groups, especially on the normalization of body weight, needs to be increased. Particular attention should be paid to contingents of persons for whom the coverage was significantly lower.

To study the possibility of using polymorphisms of genesTCF7L2,FABP2,KCNQ1,ADIPOQas markers for predicting the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) in the population of Novosibirsk.On the basis of prospective observation of a representative population sample of residents of Novosibirsk (HAPIEE), 2 groups were formed according to the case-control principle (case people who had diabetes mellitus 2 over 10 years of observation, and control people who did not developed disorders of carbohydrate metabolism). T2D group (n=443, mean age 56.26.7 years, men 29.6%, women 70.4%), control group (n=532, mean age 56.17.1 years, men 32.7%, women 67.3%). DNA was isolated by phenol-chloroform extraction. Genotyping was performed by the method of polymerase chain reaction with subsequent analysis of restriction fragment length polymorphism, polymerase chain reaction in real time. Statistical processing was carried out using the SPSS 16.0 software package.No significant effect of rs1799883 of theFABP2gene, rs2237892 of theKCNQ1gene, and rs6773957 of theADIPOQgene on the risk of developing T2D was found. Genotypes TT and TC rs7903146 of theTCF7L2gene are genotypes for the risk of developing T2D (relative risk RR 3.90, 95% confidence interval CI 2.316.61,p0.001; RR 1.86, 95% CI 1.422.43,p0.001, respectively). The CC genotype rs7903146 of theTCF7L2gene is associated with a protective effect against T2D (RR 0.37, 95% CI 0.290.49,p0.001). When theTCF7L2gene is included in the model for assessing the risk of developing T2D rs7903146, it retains its significance in both men and women.The rs7903146 polymorphism of theTCF7L2gene confirmed its association with the prognosis of the development of T2D, which indicates the possibility of considering it as a candidate for inclusion in a diabetes risk meter. Variants of risk meters have been developed to assess the prognosis of the development of diabetes mellitus 2 in men and women aged 4569 years during 10 years of follow-up. The association with the prognosis of the development of T2D polymorphisms rs1799883 of theFABP2gene, rs2237892 of theKCNQ1gene and rs6773957 of theADIPOQgene was not found.Цель.Изучить возможность использования в популяции г. Новосибирска в качестве маркеров прогноза развития сахарного диабета 2-го типа (СД 2) полиморфизмов геновTCF7L2,FABP2,KCNQ1,ADIPOQ. Материалы и методы.На основе проспективного наблюдения репрезентативной популяционной выборки жителей Новосибирска (HAPIEE) сформированы 2 группы по принципу случайконтроль (случай лица, у которых за 10 лет наблюдения выявлен СД 2, и контроль лица, у которых за 10-летний период не развились нарушения углеводного обмена). Группа СД 2 (n=443, средний возраст 56,26,7 года, мужчины 29,6%, женщины 70,4%), группа контроля (n=532, средний возраст 56,17,1 года, мужчины 32,7%, женщины 67,3%). ДНК выделена методом фенол-хлороформной экстракции. Генотипирование выполнено методом полимеразной цепной реакции с последующим анализом полиморфизма длин рестрикционных фрагментов, полимеразной цепной реакции с обратной транскрипцией. Статистическая обработка проведена с использованием программного пакета SPSS 16.0. Результаты и обсуждение.Не обнаружено значимого влияния rs1799883 генаFABP2, rs2237892 генаKCNQ1и rs6773957 генаADIPOQна риск развития СД 2. Генотипы ТТ и TC rs7903146 генаTCF7L2являются генотипами риска развития СД 2 (относительный риск ОР 3,90, 95% доверительный интервал ДИ 2,316,61,р0,001; ОР 1,86, 95% ДИ 1,422,43,р0,001 соответственно). Генотип СС rs7903146 генаTCF7L2ассоциирован с протективным эффектом в отношении СД 2 (ОР 0,37, 95% ДИ 0,290,49,р0,001). При включении в модель оценки риска развития СД 2 rs7903146 генаTCF7L2он сохраняет свою значимость и у мужчин, и у женщин. Заключение.Полиморфизм rs7903146 генаTCF7L2подтвердил свою ассоциацию с прогнозом развития СД 2, что указывает на возможность его рассмотрения в качестве кандидата на внесение в рискометр СД 2. Разработаны варианты рискометров для оценки прогноза развития СД 2 у мужчин и женщин в возрасте 4569 лет в течение 10 лет наблюдения. Ассоциация с прогнозом развития СД 2 полиморфизмов rs1799883 генаFABP2, rs2237892 генаKCNQ1и rs6773957 генаADIPOQ не обнаружена.