1. Evidence of Electron Neutrino Appearance in a Muon Neutrino Beam
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Scott Davis, D. Hansen, S. J. Ives, K. Zaremba, C. A. Miller, K. Ieki, D. Karlen, Takahiro Hiraki, K. Huang, Atsushi Takeda, C. W. Walter, R. J. Wilkes, K. P. Lee, M. Day, A. Longhin, M. Barbi, E. Radicioni, J. Marteau, D. Naples, T. Sekiguchi, A. Hillairet, Z. Williamson, S. Manly, C. Wilkinson, D. Sgalaberna, T. Nakai, D. Cherdack, H. Kaji, T. Tomura, D. L. Wark, J. Åmuda, B. E. Berger, L. Zambelli, C. Yanagisawa, F. Bay, M. Miura, M. Y. Pac, B. A. Popov, K. Abe, R. Sacco, E. Rondio, T. Nicholls, Robert Wilson, C. McGrew, E. L. Mathie, N. McCauley, S. Tobayama, M. Messina, Gareth J. Barker, M. Hierholzer, Y. Petrov, T. Hara, V. Galymov, C. Andreopoulos, M. Mezzetto, R. Ohta, A. Konaka, A. Laing, D. R. Hadley, B. Smith, Michal Dziewiecki, S. B. Boyd, Masashi Tanaka, J. Kameda, Dmitriy Beznosko, E. Reinherz-Aronis, T. J. Irvine, P. Przewlocki, A. P. Furmanski, A. D. Marino, Ken Sakashita, Kazuhiro Yamamoto, Henry W. Sobel, S. Horikawa, J. Lagoda, A. Kilinski, E. Scantamburlo, M. Ravonel, S. Dytman, S. M. Oser, Y. Fukuda, Hiroyuki Sekiya, T. Szeglowski, R.P. Kurjata, S. W. Bentham, J. P. Coleman, M. Bass, W. Toki, H. Kubo, S. Nakayama, C. Bojechko, Kate Scholberg, Y. Seiya, A. V. Waldron, T. Nagasaki, A. Blondel, Lester D.R. Thompson, Alexander Finch, J. D. Perkin, M. Szeptycka, P. A. Rodrigues, I. Z. Danko, A. Jacob, S. J. Coleman, Seiko Hirota, Takaaki Kajita, G. D. Lopez, Y. Shustrov, Kendall Mahn, M. Gonin, J. Dobson, G. Christodoulou, E. Mazzucato, D. Autiero, L. Escudero, J. Schwehr, Koh Ueno, F. Di Lodovico, G. F. Pearce, T. Okusawa, Jungsang Kim, M. J. Wilking, C. Touramanis, Antonio Ereditato, N. Yershov, M. Hartz, W. Oryszczak, Joshua Hignight, Antonin Vacheret, W. R. Kropp, Yu. G. Kudenko, S. Y. Suzuki, Masato Shiozawa, Yoshihiro Suzuki, J. Caravaca Rodríguez, K. Iyogi, M. Ikeda, A. C. Kaboth, S. Short, J. P. A. M. de André, N. C. Hastings, P. Plonski, S. Murphy, Kevin Scott McFarland, Takashi Kobayashi, J. F. Martin, M. Tzanov, C. J. Metelko, Federico Sanchez, K. Suzuki, C. Hearty, Y. Takeuchi, L. Southwell, J. Myslik, R. Castillo, Yuichi Oyama, A. Haesler, L. Monfregola, P. Hamilton, A. Murakami, D. Payne, L. Ludovici, Richard J.H. Smith, N. J. Buchanan, M. Lawe, E. D. Zimmerman, Y. Totsuka, M. A.M. Rayner, S. R. Dennis, A. Bravar, T. Wongjirad, T. Golan, T. Akiri, T. Hasegawa, S. Mine, L. Magaletti, C. Giganti, M. Nirkko, Yoshinari Hayato, Iain Alexander Bertram, Masayuki Nakahata, J. Imber, S. Moriyama, Y. Uchida, R. P. Litchfield, S. Assylbekov, T. Dealtry, Minoru Otani, A. Missert, T. Duboyski, F. Retiere, S. Bhadra, M. Ieva, K. Kowalik, M. D. Haigh, C. Licciardi, A. Marchionni, K. Nakajima, M. Tada, H.A. Tanaka, P. Mijakowski, M. B. Smy, J. Steinmann, Koji Nakamura, A. N. Khotjantsev, C. K. Jung, P. Jonsson, I. Taylor, S. W. K. Emery, Y. Fujii, M. Vagins, T. Kikawa, D. Brailsford, M. Shibata, D. Ruterbories, R. Tacik, O. Perevozchikov, J. Marzec, A. Himmel, R. Poutissou, S. Di Luise, R. G. Calland, B. Quilain, D. Kielczewska, M. Batkiewicz, A. Robert, D. Gudin, P. Sinclair, P. Masliah, A. Dabrowska, L. Cremonesi, T. McLachlan, A. Curioni, T. Ishii, T. Maruyama, J. Holeczek, M. Lazos, J. Dumarchez, A. Izmaylov, S. Berkman, T. Nakadaira, M. M. Khabibullin, J. H. Jo, J. R. Wilson, C. Nielsen, Hiroaki Aihara, E. Frank, Marco Laveder, A. K. Ichikawa, P. N. Ratoff, T. Kutter, F. Khanam, M. Dziomba, G.D. Barr, O. Drapier, V. Paolone, Viktor Matveev, S. Roth, E. S. Pinzon Guerra, S. B. Kim, P. de Perio, Th. A. Mueller, J. M. Poutissou, C. Bronner, J. Y. Kim, Matthew T. Reeves, A. Kolaceke, T. Ishida, T. Lindner, Y. Obayashi, M. Friend, C. Densham, M. Posiadala, M. G. Catanesi, M. M. Tanaka, H. Kakuno, I. Karpikov, Yukika Nishimura, H. M. O'Keeffe, A. Suzuki, K. K. Joo, T. Wachala, B. Still, P. Kitching, M. O. Wascko, Masashi Yokoyama, E. Kearns, E. Poplawska, André Rubbia, Yusuke Koshio, M. Murdoch, S. Yen, Tsuyoshi Nakaya, S. Takahashi, Justin Albert, N. Abgrall, C. Lister, Y. Yamada, A. Clifton, M. Sorel, R. A. Wendell, S. L. Cartwright, R. A. Johnson, K. Connolly, Vincenzo Berardi, A. Cervera, V. Palladino, D. Terhorst, Tomoko Ariga, P. Stamoulis, A. Gaudin, A. Zalewska, G. Kogan, G. De Rosa, R. A. Owen, J.J. Gómez-Cadenas, M. Macaire, G. Vasseur, T. Yuan, Frédéric Dufour, I. T. Lim, Akitaka Ariga, Shigeki Aoki, Oleg Mineev, S. Giffin, L. L. Kormos, M. Ziembicki, J. Kisiel, A. C. Weber, N. Grant, G. Collazuol, Mark Scott, J. Insler, M. Zito, I. Kreslo, K. Gilje, T. Tsukamoto, K. Nishikawa, Kimihiro Okumura, Jan T. Sobczyk, K. Laihem, D. G. Brook-Roberge, K. Koseki, A. Minamino, K. Mavrokoridis, F. d. M. Blaszczyk, Y. Kanazawa, M. Malek, B. Kirby, R. Terri, K. Nakayoshi, R. L. Helmer, S. Kumaratunga, D. I. Scully, A. Thorley, A. Korzenev, Rhiju Das, B. Jamieson, Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), T2K, Centro Nacional de Física de Partículas, Astropartículas y Nuclear (España), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (Japan), Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, German Research Foundation, Ministry of Science and Higher Education (Poland), Russian Foundation for Basic Research, National Research Foundation of Korea, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Abgrall, Nicolas, Blondel, Alain, Bravar, Alessandro, Dufour, Fanny, Haesler, Alexis, Korzenev, Alexander, Murphy, Sébastien, Ravonel Salzgeber, Melody, Rayner, Mark, Scantamburlo, Enrico, K., Abe, N., Abgrall, H., Aihara, T., Akiri, J. B., Albert, C., Andreopoulo, S., Aoki, A., Ariga, T., Ariga, S., Assylbekov, D., Autiero, M., Barbi, G. J., Barker, G., Barr, M., Ba, M., Batkiewicz, F., Bay, S. W., Bentham, V., Berardi, B. E., Berger, S., Berkman, I., Bertram, D., Beznosko, S., Bhadra, F. d. M., Blaszczyk, A., Blondel, C., Bojechko, S., Boyd, D., Brailsford, A., Bravar, C., Bronner, D. G., Brook Roberge, N., Buchanan, R. G., Calland, J., Caravaca Rodr?guez, S. L., Cartwright, R., Castillo, M. G., Catanesi, A., Cervera, D., Cherdack, G., Christodoulou, A., Clifton, J., Coleman, S. J., Coleman, G., Collazuol, K., Connolly, L., Cremonesi, A., Curioni, A., Dabrowska, I., Danko, R., Da, S., Davi, M., Day, J. P. A. M., de Andr?, P., de Perio, DE ROSA, Gianfranca, T., Dealtry, S., Denni, C., Densham, F., Di Lodovico, S., Di Luise, J., Dobson, O., Drapier, T., Duboyski, F., Dufour, J., Dumarchez, S., Dytman, M., Dziewiecki, M., Dziomba, S., Emery, A., Ereditato, L., Escudero, A. J., Finch, E., Frank, M., Friend, Y., Fujii, Y., Fukuda, A., Furmanski, V., Galymov, A., Gaudin, S., Giffin, C., Giganti, K., Gilje, T., Golan, J. J., Gomez Cadena, M., Gonin, N., Grant, D., Gudin, D. R., Hadley, A., Haesler, M. D., Haigh, P., Hamilton, D., Hansen, T., Hara, M., Hartz, T., Hasegawa, N. C., Hasting, Y., Hayato, C., Hearty, R. L., Helmer, M., Hierholzer, J., Hignight, A., Hillairet, A., Himmel, T., Hiraki, S., Hirota, J., Holeczek, S., Horikawa, K., Huang, A. K., Ichikawa, K., Ieki, M., Ieva, M., Ikeda, J., Imber, J., Insler, T. J., Irvine, T., Ishida, T., Ishii, S. J., Ive, K., Iyogi, A., Izmaylov, A., Jacob, B., Jamieson, R. A., Johnson, J. H., Jo, P., Jonsson, K. K., Joo, C. K., Jung, A., Kaboth, H., Kaji, T., Kajita, H., Kakuno, J., Kameda, Y., Kanazawa, D., Karlen, I., Karpikov, E., Kearn, M., Khabibullin, F., Khanam, A., Khotjantsev, D., Kielczewska, T., Kikawa, A., Kilinski, J. Y., Kim, J., Kim, S. B., Kim, B., Kirby, J., Kisiel, P., Kitching, T., Kobayashi, G., Kogan, A., Kolaceke, A., Konaka, L. L., Kormo, A., Korzenev, K., Koseki, Y., Koshio, K., Kowalik, I., Kreslo, W., Kropp, H., Kubo, Y., Kudenko, S., Kumaratunga, R., Kurjata, T., Kutter, J., Lagoda, K., Laihem, A., Laing, M., Laveder, M., Lawe, M., Lazo, K. P., Lee, C., Licciardi, I. T., Lim, T., Lindner, C., Lister, R. P., Litchfield, A., Longhin, G. D., Lopez, L., Ludovici, M., Macaire, L., Magaletti, K., Mahn, M., Malek, S., Manly, A., Marchionni, A. D., Marino, J., Marteau, J. F., Martin, T., Maruyama, J., Marzec, P., Masliah, E. L., Mathie, V., Matveev, K., Mavrokoridi, E., Mazzucato, N., Mccauley, K. S., Mcfarland, C., Mcgrew, T., Mclachlan, M., Messina, C., Metelko, M., Mezzetto, P., Mijakowski, C. A., Miller, A., Minamino, O., Mineev, S., Mine, A., Missert, M., Miura, L., Monfregola, S., Moriyama, Mueller, T. h. A., A., Murakami, M., Murdoch, S., Murphy, J., Myslik, T., Nagasaki, T., Nakadaira, M., Nakahata, T., Nakai, K., Nakajima, K., Nakamura, S., Nakayama, T., Nakaya, K., Nakayoshi, D., Naple, T. C., Nicholl, C., Nielsen, M., Nirkko, K., Nishikawa, Y., Nishimura, H. M., O?keeffe, Y., Obayashi, R., Ohta, K., Okumura, T., Okusawa, W., Oryszczak, S. M., Oser, M., Otani, R. A., Owen, Y., Oyama, M. Y., Pac, Palladino, Vittorio, V., Paolone, D., Payne, G. F., Pearce, O., Perevozchikov, J. D., Perkin, Y., Petrov, E. S., Pinzon Guerra, P., Plonski, E., Poplawska, B., Popov, M., Posiadala, J. M., Poutissou, R., Poutissou, P., Przewlocki, B., Quilain, E., Radicioni, P. N., Ratoff, M., Ravonel, M. A. M., Rayner, M., Reeve, E., Reinherz Aroni, F., Retiere, A., Robert, P. A., Rodrigue, E., Rondio, S., Roth, A., Rubbia, D., Ruterborie, R., Sacco, K., Sakashita, F., S?nchez, E., Scantamburlo, K., Scholberg, J., Schwehr, M., Scott, D. I., Scully, Y., Seiya, T., Sekiguchi, H., Sekiya, D., Sgalaberna, M., Shibata, M., Shiozawa, S., Short, Y., Shustrov, P., Sinclair, B., Smith, R. J., Smith, M., Smy, J. T., Sobczyk, H., Sobel, M., Sorel, L., Southwell, P., Stamouli, J., Steinmann, B., Still, A., Suzuki, K., Suzuki, S. Y., Suzuki, Y., Suzuki, T., Szeglowski, M., Szeptycka, R., Tacik, M., Tada, S., Takahashi, A., Takeda, Y., Takeuchi, H. A., Tanaka, M. M., Tanaka, M., Tanaka, I. J., Taylor, D., Terhorst, R., Terri, L. F., Thompson, A., Thorley, S., Tobayama, W., Toki, T., Tomura, Y., Totsuka, C., Touramani, T., Tsukamoto, M., Tzanov, Y., Uchida, K., Ueno, A., Vacheret, M., Vagin, G., Vasseur, T., Wachala, A. V., Waldron, C. W., Walter, D., Wark, M. O., Wascko, A., Weber, R., Wendell, R. J., Wilke, M. J., Wilking, C., Wilkinson, Z., Williamson, J. R., Wilson, R. J., Wilson, T., Wongjirad, Y., Yamada, K., Yamamoto, C., Yanagisawa, S., Yen, N., Yershov, M., Yokoyama, T., Yuan, A., Zalewska, L., Zambelli, K., Zaremba, M., Ziembicki, E. D., Zimmerman, M., Zito, and J., ?muda
- Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,Particle physics ,Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Flux ,ddc:500.2 ,01 natural sciences ,7. Clean energy ,High Energy Physics - Experiment ,Nuclear physics ,High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex) ,Pion ,0103 physical sciences ,[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex] ,Momentum range ,Muon neutrino ,010306 general physics ,Neutrino oscillation ,Physics ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,T2K experiment ,Física ,High Energy Physics::Experiment ,Neutrino ,Absorption cross-sections ,Electron neutrino ,Beam (structure) - Abstract
The T2K Collaboration reports evidence for electron neutrino appearance at the atmospheric mass splitting, vertical bar Delta m(32)(2)vertical bar approximate to 2.4 X 10(-3) eV(2). An excess of electron neutrino interactions over background is observed from a muon neutrino beam with a peak energy of 0.6 GeV at the Super-Kamiokande (SK) detector 295 km from the beam's origin. Signal and background predictions are constrained by data from near detectors located 280 m from the neutrino production target. We observe 11 electron neutrino candidate events at the SK detector when a background of 3.3 +/- 0.4(syst) events is expected. The background-only hypothesis is rejected with a p value of 0.0009 (3.1 sigma), and a fit assuming nu(mu) -> nu(e) oscillations with sin (2)2 theta(23) = 1, delta(CP) = 0 and vertical bar Delta m(32)(2)vertical bar = 2.4 X 10(-3) eV(2) yields sin (2)2 theta(13) = 0.088(-0.039)(+0.049)(stat + syst)., We thank the J-PARC accelerator team for the superb accelerator performance and CERN NA61 colleagues for providing essential particle production data and for their fruitful collaboration. We acknowledge the support of MEXT, Japan; NSERC, NRC and CFI, Canada; CEA and CNRS/IN2P3, France; DFG, Germany; INFN, Italy; Ministry of Science and Higher Education, Poland; RAS, RFBR and the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation; MEST and NRF, South Korea; MICINN and CPAN, Spain; SNSF and SER, Switzerland; STFC, U.K.; NSF and DOE, USA We also thank CERN for their donation of the UA1/NOMAD magnet and DESY for the HERA-B magnet mover system. In addition, participation of individual researchers and institutions in T2K has been further supported by funds from ERC (FP7), EU; JSPS, Japan; Royal Society, UK; DOE Early Career program, and the A. P. Sloan Foundation, USA Computations were performed on the supercomputers at the SciNet [115] HPC Consortium. SciNet is funded by the Canada Foundation for Innovation under the auspices of Compute Canada; the Government of Ontario; Ontario Research Fund - Research Excellence; and the University of Toronto.
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- 2013
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