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154 results on '"S. H. Williams"'

1. Green Chemistry Experiments in Undergraduate Laboratories

Author: Jodie T. Fahey, Lynn E. Maelia, J. Fahey, L. Maelia, Barbora Morra, Andrew P. Dicks, V. Fishback, B. Reid, A. Schildkret, Loyd D. Bastin, Kaitlyn Gerhart, E. M. Gross, S. H. Williams, E. Williams, D. A. Dobberpuhl, J. Fujita, J. T. Fahey, A. E. Dineen, J. M. Henain, Renuka Manchanayakage, Grant W. F
Published: 2016

2. Skull-brain biomechanics of headbutting. An XROMM pilot study on goats

Author: Ackermans, Nicole L, S J Montuelle, and S H Williams
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

3. Integrative Organismal Biology—A Journal We Want and Need

Author: Colleen G. Farmer, A P Summers, L P Hernandez, Carol A. Fassbinder-Orth, R A Satterlie, Ignacio T. Moore, S H Williams, U K Muller, R W Blob, and Marguerite A. Butler
Subjects: Cognitive science, Animal Science and Zoology, Plant Science, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Published: 2018

4. High-precision measurement of the left-right Z Boson cross-section asymmetry

Author: P. C. Rowson, D.L. Wagner, H. Yuta, O. H. Saxton, H. R. Band, G. Crawford, M. R. Convery, R. Berger, C. H. Park, V. Lia, S. Walston, T. Maruyama, Michael J. Fero, E. R. Weiss, U. Nauenberg, D. W. G. S. Leith, C.Y. Prescott, S. S. Hertzbach, S. Narita, D. L. Burke, W. M. Bugg, D. Su, R. S. Panvini, D. Falciai, M. Piccolo, T. H. Burnett, R. R. Kofler, H. O. Cohn, F. E. Taylor, M. Morii, M.E. Huffer, G. R. Bower, J. A. Jaros, A. W. Weidemann, H. Akimoto, J. M. Bauer, M. Iwasaki, D. Onoprienko, C.J.S. Damerell, Sridhara Dasu, John A. Coller, F. Suekane, D. Aston, R. J. Wilson, N. De Groot, J. P. Fernandez, Michael Doser, J.J. Reidy, J. Va’vra, I. M. Peruzzi, R. Kroeger, C. Baltay, N. B. Sinev, M. Langston, Melody A. Swartz, R. Prepost, V.V. Serbo, P.F. Jacques, J. L. Wittlin, A. S. Johnson, L.S. Rochester, T. L. Usher, K.G. Baird, Timothy Barklow, T. Schalk, V. Cook, R. de Sangro, David A. Jackson, I. Adam, A.K. McKemey, K. Hasuko, C. C. Young, T. R. Wright, T. Abe, S. Manly, R. Messner, J. J. Russell, V. Eschenburg, L.S. Osborne, I. Erofeeva, Aaron S. Chou, W. J. Wisniewski, M. Kalelkar, S. J. Yellin, J.R. Bogart, Koya Abe, K. T. Flood, G. Nesom, Martin Breidenbach, G. Blaylock, C. Lin, G. Bellodi, P.L. Reinertsen, A. Sugiyama, Erez Etzion, R. K. Yamamoto, Thomas W. Markiewicz, Gilbert Shapiro, R. E. Cassell, X. Huynh, R. Verdier, E. L. Hart, R. Cowan, N. Oishi, R. Frey, A. P. Waite, Julia Thom, J. R. Johnson, R. Kajikawa, B. A. Schumm, S. Willocq, H. M. Steiner, H.J. Kang, H. A. Neal, S. Fahey, H. Staengle, Kenji Abe, Victor Murzin, A. Calcaterra, T. B. Moore, J. A. Snyder, J. Schwiening, G. Mancinelli, B. N. Ratcliff, E. Torrence, P. E. Stamer, J. E. Brau, R.J. Plano, S. H. Williams, J. Yashima, Richard Dubois, Achim Stahl, John Scott Whitaker, Zihao Jiang, K.C. Moffeit, J.W. Wang, M. Woods, David Muller, D. Dong, Giancarlo Mantovani, Philip Burrows, M. Daoudi, and L. Piemontese
Subjects: Physics, Particle physics, Electron–positron annihilation, media_common.quotation_subject, General Physics and Astronomy, Sigma, FOS: Physical sciences, Weinberg angle, Asymmetry, Measure (mathematics), law.invention, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear physics, Cross section (physics), High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), law, Production (computer science), Collider, media_common
Abstract: The authors present a measurement of the left-right cross-section asymmetry (ALR) for Z boson production by e{sup +}e{sup {minus}} collisions. The measurement includes the final data taken with the SLD detector at the SLAC Linear Collider (SLC) during the period 1996--1998. Using a sample of 383,487 Z decays collected during the 1996-1998 runs they measure the pole-value of the asymmetry, A{sub LR}{sup 0}, to be 0.15056 {+-} 0.00239 which is equivalent to an effective weak mixing angle of sin{sup 2}Sigma{sub W}{sup eff} = 0.23107 {+-} 0.00030. The result for the complete 1992--1998 dataset comprising 537 thousand Z decays is sin{sup 2}Sigma{sub W}{sup eff} = 0.23097 {+-} 0.00027.
Published: 2016

5. Synthesis and Characterization of Biodiesel from Used Cooking Oil: A Problem-Based Green Chemistry Laboratory Experiment

Author: E. Williams, S. H. Williams, Erin M. Gross, J. Fujita, and D. A. Dobberpuhl
Subjects: Green chemistry, Biodiesel, Waste management, Cooking oil, Environmental science, Laboratory experiment, Characterization (materials science)
Published: 2016

6. Global Stratotype Section and Point for base of the Ordovician System

Author: S. H. Williams, Roger A. Cooper, and G. S. Nowlan
Subjects: Paleontology, Stratotype, Ordovician, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Point (geometry), Base (topology), Geology
Published: 2001

7. Improved Direct Measurement of Leptonic Coupling Asymmetries with PolarizedZBosons

Author: Koya Abe, Kenji Abe, T. Abe, I. Adam, H. Akimoto, D. Aston, K. G. Baird, C. Baltay, H. R. Band, T. L. Barklow, J. M. Bauer, G. Bellodi, R. Berger, G. Blaylock, J. R. Bogart, G. R. Bower, J. E. Brau, M. Breidenbach, W. M. Bugg, D. Burke, T. H. Burnett, P. N. Burrows, A. Calcaterra, R. Cassell, A. Chou, H. O. Cohn, J. A. Coller, M. R. Convery, V. Cook, R. F. Cowan, G. Crawford, C. J. S. Damerell, M. Daoudi, N. de Groot, R. de Sangro, D. N. Dong, M. Doser, R. Dubois, I. Erofeeva, V. Eschenburg, E. Etzion, S. Fahey, D. Falciai, J. P. Fernandez, K. Flood, R. Frey, E. L. Hart, K. Hasuko, S. S. Hertzbach, M. E. Huffer, X. Huynh, M. Iwasaki, D. J. Jackson, P. Jacques, J. A. Jaros, Z. Y. Jiang, A. S. Johnson, J. R. Johnson, R. Kajikawa, M. Kalelkar, H. J. Kang, R. R. Kofler, R. S. Kroeger, M. Langston, D. W. G. Leith, V. Lia, C. Lin, G. Mancinelli, S. Manly, G. Mantovani, T. W. Markiewicz, T. Maruyama, A. K. McKemey, R. Messner, K. C. Moffeit, T. B. Moore, M. Morii, D. Muller, V. Murzin, S. Narita, U. Nauenberg, H. Neal, G. Nesom, N. Oishi, D. Onoprienko, L. S. Osborne, R. S. Panvini, C. H. Park, I. Peruzzi, M. Piccolo, L. Piemontese, R. J. Plano, R. Prepost, C. Y. Prescott, B. N. Ratcliff, J. Reidy, P. L. Reinertsen, L. S. Rochester, P. C. Rowson, J. J. Russell, O. H. Saxton, T. Schalk, B. A. Schumm, J. Schwiening, V. V. Serbo, G. Shapiro, N. B. Sinev, J. A. Snyder, H. Staengle, A. Stahl, P. Stamer, H. Steiner, D. Su, F. Suekane, A. Sugiyama, S. Suzuki, M. Swartz, F. E. Taylor, J. Thom, E. Torrence, T. Usher, J. Va'vra, R. Verdier, D. L. Wagner, A. P. Waite, S. Walston, A. W. Weidemann, E. R. Weiss, J. S. Whitaker, S. H. Williams, S. Willocq, R. J. Wilson, W. J. Wisniewski, J. L. Wittlin, M. Woods, T. R. Wright, R. K. Yamamoto, J. Yashima, S. J. Yellin, C. C. Young, and H. Yuta
Subjects: Physics, Particle physics, media_common.quotation_subject, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Hadron, FOS: Physical sciences, General Physics and Astronomy, Asymmetry, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), High Energy Physics::Experiment, Polar coordinate system, Lepton, media_common, Boson
Abstract: We present final measurements of the Z boson-lepton coupling asymmetry parameters Ae, Amu, and Atau with the complete sample of polarized Z bosons collected by the SLD detector at the SLAC Linear Collider. From the left-right production and decay polar angle asymmetries in leptonic Z decays we measure Ae = 0.1544 +- 0.0060, Amu = 0.142 +- 0.015, and Atau = 0.136 +- 0.015. Combined with our left-right asymmetry measured from hadronic decays, we find Ae = 0.1516 +- 0.0021. Assuming lepton universality, we obtain a combined effective weak mixing angle of sin**2 theta^{eff}_W = 0.23098 +- 0.00026., 13 pages latex, including 1 figure. Submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett
Published: 2001

8. First Symmetry Tests in PolarizedZ0Decays tobb¯g

Author: Koya Abe, Kenji Abe, T. Abe, I. Adam, H. Akimoto, D. Aston, K. G. Baird, C. Baltay, H. R. Band, T. L. Barklow, J. M. Bauer, G. Bellodi, R. Berger, G. Blaylock, J. R. Bogart, G. R. Bower, J. E. Brau, M. Breidenbach, W. M. Bugg, D. Burke, T. H. Burnett, P. N. Burrows, A. Calcaterra, R. Cassell, A. Chou, H. O. Cohn, J. A. Coller, M. R. Convery, V. Cook, R. F. Cowan, G. Crawford, C. J. S. Damerell, M. Daoudi, N. de Groot, R. de Sangro, D. N. Dong, M. Doser, R. Dubois, I. Erofeeva, V. Eschenburg, E. Etzion, S. Fahey, D. Falciai, J. P. Fernandez, K. Flood, R. Frey, E. L. Hart, K. Hasuko, S. S. Hertzbach, M. E. Huffer, X. Huynh, M. Iwasaki, D. J. Jackson, P. Jacques, J. A. Jaros, Z. Y. Jiang, A. S. Johnson, J. R. Johnson, R. Kajikawa, M. Kalelkar, H. J. Kang, R. R. Kofler, R. S. Kroeger, M. Langston, D. W. G. Leith, V. Lia, C. Lin, G. Mancinelli, S. Manly, G. Mantovani, T. W. Markiewicz, T. Maruyama, A. K. McKemey, R. Messner, K. C. Moffeit, T. B. Moore, M. Morii, D. Muller, V. Murzin, S. Narita, U. Nauenberg, H. Neal, G. Nesom, N. Oishi, D. Onoprienko, L. S. Osborne, R. S. Panvini, C. H. Park, I. Peruzzi, M. Piccolo, L. Piemontese, R. J. Plano, R. Prepost, C. Y. Prescott, B. N. Ratcliff, J. Reidy, P. L. Reinertsen, L. S. Rochester, P. C. Rowson, J. J. Russell, O. H. Saxton, T. Schalk, B. A. Schumm, J. Schwiening, V. V. Serbo, G. Shapiro, N. B. Sinev, J. A. Snyder, H. Staengle, A. Stahl, P. Stamer, H. Steiner, D. Su, F. Suekane, A. Sugiyama, A. Suzuki, M. Swartz, F. E. Taylor, J. Thom, E. Torrence, T. Usher, J. Va'vra, R. Verdier, D. L. Wagner, A. P. Waite, S. Walston, A. W. Weidemann, E. R. Weiss, J. S. Whitaker, S. H. Williams, S. Willocq, R. J. Wilson, W. J. Wisniewski, J. L. Wittlin, M. Woods, T. R. Wright, R. K. Yamamoto, J. Yashima, S. J. Yellin, C. C. Young, and H. Yuta
Subjects: Physics, Particle physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, 0103 physical sciences, General Physics and Astronomy, Polar, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Parity (physics), 010306 general physics, Polarization (waves), 01 natural sciences, Vertex (geometry), Boson
Abstract: We have made the first direct symmetry tests in the decays of polarized Z0 bosons into fully identified bbg states, collected in the SLD experiment at SLAC. We searched for evidence of parity violation at the bbg vertex by studying the asymmetries in the b-quark polar- and azimuthal-angle distributions, and for evidence of T-odd, CP-even or CP-odd, final-state interactions by measuring angular correlations between the three-jet plane and the Z0 polarization. We found results consistent with standard model expectations and set 95% C. limits on anomalous contributions.
Published: 2001

9. First Direct Measurement of the Parity-Violating Coupling of theZ0to thesQuark

Author: U. Nauenberg, G. Crawford, M. Doser, R. Frey, T. Abe, T. Maruyama, J. R. Johnson, R. Kajikawa, V. Murzin, I. Erofeeva, C. Y. Prescott, D. Su, A. Chou, K.C. Moffeit, M. Iwasaki, R. E. Cassell, J. E. Brau, K. T. Flood, H. J. Kang, G. Nesom, Gilbert Shapiro, E. Etzion, Thomas W. Markiewicz, X. Huynh, T. H. Burnett, R. Verdier, M. Piccolo, C.J.S. Damerell, R. J. Wilson, E. L. Hart, H. O. Cohn, J. M. Bauer, S. Willocq, H. Akimoto, Dominik Müller, O. H. Saxton, E. Torrence, G. Mancinelli, H. R. Band, H. M. Steiner, M. Langston, V. V. Serbo, D. J. Jackson, R. Cowan, D. N. Dong, Achim Stahl, S. H. Williams, R. S. Panvini, D. Falciai, M. Kalelkar, N. Oishi, D. Aston, Timothy Barklow, M. R. Convery, S. Walston, B. N. Ratcliff, J. A. Snyder, S. Fahey, P. E. Stamer, J. Thom, Giancarlo Mantovani, A. Calcaterra, A. W. Weidemann, T. R. Wright, L. S. Rochester, R. Berger, T. Schalk, T. L. Usher, S. Manly, A. Suzuki, M. E. Huffer, C. C. Young, J. A. Coller, L. Piemontese, K. G. Baird, J. Yashima, J. Schwiening, K. Hasuko, A. S. Johnson, G. R. Bower, Melody A. Swartz, R. R. Kofler, M. Morii, V. Cook, J. A. Jaros, Martin Breidenbach, D. L. Wagner, G. Blaylock, J. J. Russell, L.S. Osborne, J. P. Fernandez, C. H. Park, Bruce Schumm, R. de Sangro, V. Lia, J. Va'vra, T. B. Moore, J. S. Whitaker, E. R. Weiss, J.J. Reidy, R. Messner, F. Suekane, S. Narita, D. L. Burke, W. M. Bugg, R. Kroeger, C.S. Lin, V. Eschenburg, N. B. Sinev, J. L. Wittlin, I. Adam, D. W. G. S. Leith, S. S. Hertzbach, H. Yuta, G. Bellodi, R.J. Plano, Zihao Jiang, M. Woods, H. Staengle, A. K. McKemey, Kenji Abe, I. M. Peruzzi, R. Dubois, Philip Burrows, P.L. Reinertsen, A. Sugiyama, F. E. Taylor, J. R. Bogart, M. Daoudi, N. De Groot, Koya Abe, P. C. Rowson, A. P. Waite, C. Baltay, D. Onoprienko, W. J. Wisniewski, S. J. Yellin, H. A. Neal, R. Prepost, P.F. Jacques, and R. K. Yamamoto
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear physics, Strange quark, Particle physics, Angular distribution, Electron–positron annihilation, Hadron, General Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Parity (physics), Nuclear Experiment, Boson
Abstract: The authors have made the first direct measurement of the parity-violating coupling of the Z{sup 0} boson to the strange quark, A{sub s}, using {approximately}550,000 e{sup +}e{sup {minus}} --> Z{sup 0} --> hadrons event produced with a polarized electron beam and recorded by the SLD experiment. Z{sup 0} s anti-s events were tagged by the absence of B or D hadrons and the presence in each hemisphere of a high-momentum K{sup {+-}} or K{sub s}{sup 0}. From the polar angle distributions of the strangeness-signed thrust axis, the authors obtained A{sub s} = 0.895{+-}0.066(stat.){+-}0.062(syst.). The analyzing power and u anti-u + d anti-d background were constrained using the data.
Published: 2000

10. Precise Measurement of theb-Quark Fragmentation Function inZ0Boson Decays

Author: Kenji Abe, Koya Abe, T. Abe, I. Adam, H. Akimoto, D. Aston, K. G. Baird, C. Baltay, H. R. Band, T. L. Barklow, J. M. Bauer, G. Bellodi, R. Berger, G. Blaylock, J. R. Bogart, G. R. Bower, J. E. Brau, M. Breidenbach, W. M. Bugg, D. Burke, T. H. Burnett, P. N. Burrows, A. Calcaterra, R. Cassell, A. Chou, H. O. Cohn, J. A. Coller, M. R. Convery, V. Cook, R. F. Cowan, G. Crawford, C. J. S. Damerell, M. Daoudi, S. Dasu, N. de Groot, R. de Sangro, D. N. Dong, M. Doser, R. Dubois, I. Erofeeva, V. Eschenberg, E. Etzion, S. Fahey, D. Falciai, J. P. Fernandez, K. Flood, R. Frey, E. L. Hart, K. Hasuko, S. S. Hertzbach, M. E. Huffer, X. Huynh, M. Iwasaki, D. J. Jackson, P. Jacques, J. A. Jaros, Z. Y. Jiang, A. S. Johnson, J. R. Johnson, R. Kajikawa, M. Kalelkar, H. Kang, R. R. Kofler, R. S. Kroeger, M. Langston, D. W. G. Leith, V. Lia, C. Lin, G. Mancinelli, S. Manly, G. Mantovani, T. W. Markiewicz, T. Maruyama, A. K. McKemey, R. Messner, K. C. Moffeit, T. B. Moore, M. Morii, D. Muller, V. Murzin, S. Narita, U. Nauenberg, G. Nesom, N. Oishi, D. Onoprienko, L. S. Osborne, R. S. Panvini, C. H. Park, I. Peruzzi, M. Piccolo, L. Piemontese, R. J. Plano, R. Prepost, C. Y. Prescott, B. N. Ratcliff, J. Reidy, P. L. Reinertsen, L. S. Rochester, P. C. Rowson, J. J. Russell, O. H. Saxton, T. Schalk, B. A. Schumm, J. Schwiening, V. V. Serbo, G. Shapiro, N. B. Sinev, J. A. Snyder, H. Staengle, A. Stahl, P. Stamer, H. Steiner, D. Su, F. Suekane, A. Sugiyama, M. Swartz, F. E. Taylor, J. Thom, T. Usher, J. Va'vra, R. Verdier, D. L. Wagner, A. P. Waite, S. Walston, J. Wang, A. W. Weidemann, E. R. Weiss, J. S. Whitaker, S. H. Williams, S. Willocq, R. J. Wilson, W. J. Wisniewski, J. L. Wittlin, M. Woods, T. R. Wright, R. K. Yamamoto, J. Yashima, S. J. Yellin, C. C. Young, and H. Yuta
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear physics, Particle physics, Electron–positron annihilation, Hadron, Fragmentation function, General Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics::Experiment, B meson, Nuclear Experiment, Bottom quark, Boson
Abstract: The authors have developed a new technique for inclusive reconstruction of the energy of B hadrons. The excellent efficiency and resolution of this technique allow them to make the most precise determination of the b-quark fragmentation function, using e{sup +}e{sup {minus}} {r{underscore}arrow} Z{sup 0} decays recorded in the SLD experiment at SLAC. The authors compared their measurement with the predictions of a number of fragmentation models. The authors excluded several of these models and measured the average scaled energy of weakly-decaying B hadrons to be (x{sub B}) = 0.714{+-}0.005(stat){+-}0.007(syst){+-}0.002 (model-dependence).
Published: 2000

11. Direct Measurement ofAbandAcat theZ0Pole Using a Lepton Tag

Author: Kenji Abe, Koya Abe, T. Abe, I. Adam, T. Akagi, N. J. Allen, A. Arodzero, W. W. Ash, D. Aston, K. G. Baird, C. Baltay, H. R. Band, M. B. Barakat, O. Bardon, T. L. Barklow, G. L. Bashindzhagyan, J. M. Bauer, G. Bellodi, R. Ben-David, A. C. Benvenuti, G. M. Bilei, D. Bisello, G. Blaylock, J. R. Bogart, B. Bolen, G. R. Bower, J. E. Brau, M. Breidenbach, W. M. Bugg, D. Burke, T. H. Burnett, P. N. Burrows, R. M. Byrne, A. Calcaterra, D. Calloway, B. Camanzi, M. Carpinelli, R. Cassell, R. Castaldi, A. Castro, M. Cavalli-Sforza, A. Chou, E. Church, H. O. Cohn, J. A. Coller, M. R. Convery, V. Cook, R. Cotton, R. F. Cowan, D. G. Coyne, G. Crawford, C. J. S. Damerell, M. N. Danielson, M. Daoudi, N. de Groot, R. Dell'Orso, P. J. Dervan, R. de Sangro, M. Dima, A. D'Oliveira, D. N. Dong, M. Doser, R. Dubois, B. I. Eisenstein, V. Eschenburg, E. Etzion, S. Fahey, D. Falciai, C. Fan, J. P. Fernandez, M. J. Fero, K. Flood, R. Frey, T. Gillman, G. Gladding, S. Gonzalez, E. R. Goodman, E. L. Hart, J. L. Harton, A. Hasan, K. Hasuko, S. J. Hedges, S. S. Hertzbach, M. D. Hildreth, J. Huber, M. E. Huffer, E. W. Hughes, X. Huynh, H. Hwang, M. Iwasaki, D. J. Jackson, P. Jacques, J. A. Jaros, Z. Y. Jiang, A. S. Johnson, J. R. Johnson, R. A. Johnson, T. Junk, R. Kajikawa, M. Kalelkar, Y. Kamyshkov, H. J. Kang, I. Karliner, H. Kawahara, Y. D. Kim, R. King, M. E. King, R. R. Kofler, N. M. Krishna, R. S. Kroeger, M. Langston, A. Lath, D. W. G. Leith, V. Lia, C.-J. S. Lin, X. Liu, M. X. Liu, M. Loreti, A. Lu, H. L. Lynch, J. Ma, M. Mahjouri, G. Mancinelli, S. Manly, G. Mantovani, T. W. Markiewicz, T. Maruyama, H. Masuda, E. Mazzucato, A. K. McKemey, B. T. Meadows, G. Menegatti, R. Messner, P. M. Mockett, K. C. Moffeit, T. B. Moore, M. Morii, D. Muller, V. Murzin, T. Nagamine, S. Narita, U. Nauenberg, H. Neal, M. Nussbaum, N. Oishi, D. Onoprienko, L. S. Osborne, R. S. Panvini, H. Park, C. H. Park, T. J. Pavel, I. Peruzzi, M. Piccolo, L. Piemontese, E. Pieroni, K. T. Pitts, R. J. Plano, R. Prepost, C. Y. Prescott, G. D. Punkar, J. Quigley, B. N. Ratcliff, T. W. Reeves, J. Reidy, P. L. Reinertsen, P. E. Rensing, L. S. Rochester, P. C. Rowson, J. J. Russell, O. H. Saxton, T. Schalk, R. H. Schindler, B. A. Schumm, J. Schwiening, S. Sen, V. V. Serbo, M. H. Shaevitz, J. T. Shank, G. Shapiro, D. J. Sherden, K. D. Shmakov, C. Simopoulos, N. B. Sinev, S. R. Smith, M. B. Smy, J. A. Snyder, H. Staengle, A. Stahl, P. Stamer, R. Steiner, H. Steiner, M. G. Strauss, D. Su, F. Suekane, A. Sugiyama, S. Suzuki, M. Swartz, A. Szumilo, T. Takahashi, F. E. Taylor, J. Thom, E. Torrence, N. K. Toumbas, T. Usher, C. Vannini, J. Va'vra, E. Vella, J. P. Venuti, R. Verdier, P. G. Verdini, S. R. Wagner, D. L. Wagner, A. P. Waite, S. Walston, J. Wang, C. Ward, S. J. Watts, A. W. Weidemann, E. R. Weiss, J. S. Whitaker, S. L. White, F. J. Wickens, B. Williams, D. C. Williams, S. H. Williams, S. Willocq, R. J. Wilson, W. J. Wisniewski, J. L. Wittlin, M. Woods, G. B. Word, T. R. Wright, J. Wyss, R. K. Yamamoto, J. M. Yamartino, X. Yang, J. Yashima, S. J. Yellin, C. C. Young, H. Yuta, G. Zapalac, R. W. Zdarko, and J. Zhou
Subjects: Coupling, Physics, Semileptonic decay, Particle physics, Muon, Hadron, Detector, General Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Parity (physics), Electron, Nuclear Experiment, Lepton
Abstract: The parity violation parameters Ab and Ac of the Zb anti-b and Zc anti-c couplings have been measured directly, using the polar angle dependence of the Z0-pole polarized cross sections. Bottom and charmed hadrons were tagged via semileptonic decays. Both the muon and electron identification algorithms take advantage of new multivariate techniques, incorporating for the first time information from the SLD Cerenkov Ring Imaging Detector. Based on the 1993-95 SLD sample of 150,000 Z0 decays produced with highly polarized electron beams, we measure: Ab = 0.910 ± 0.068(stat) ± 0.037(syst) Ac = 0.642 ± 0.110(stat) ± 0.063(syst).
Published: 1999

12. Direct Measurement ofAbinZ0Decays Using Charged Kaon Tagging

Author: Kenji Abe, Koya Abe, T. Abe, I. Adam, T. Akagi, N. J. Allen, A. Arodzero, W. W. Ash, D. Aston, K. G. Baird, C. Baltay, H. R. Band, M. B. Barakat, O. Bardon, T. L. Barklow, G. L. Bashindzhagyan, J. M. Bauer, G. Bellodi, R. Ben-David, A. C. Benvenuti, G. M. Bilei, D. Bisello, G. Blaylock, J. R. Bogart, B. Bolen, G. R. Bower, J. E. Brau, M. Breidenbach, W. M. Bugg, D. Burke, T. H. Burnett, P. N. Burrows, R. M. Byrne, A. Calcaterra, D. Calloway, B. Camanzi, M. Carpinelli, R. Cassell, R. Castaldi, A. Castro, M. Cavalli-Sforza, A. Chou, E. Church, H. O. Cohn, J. A. Coller, M. R. Convery, V. Cook, R. Cotton, R. F. Cowan, D. G. Coyne, G. Crawford, C. J. S. Damerell, M. N. Danielson, M. Daoudi, N. de Groot, R. Dell'Orso, P. J. Dervan, R. de Sangro, M. Dima, A. D'Oliveira, D. N. Dong, M. Doser, R. Dubois, B. I. Eisenstein, V. Eschenburg, E. Etzion, S. Fahey, D. Falciai, C. Fan, J. P. Fernandez, M. J. Fero, K. Flood, R. Frey, T. Gillman, G. Gladding, S. Gonzalez, E. R. Goodman, E. L. Hart, J. L. Harton, A. Hasan, K. Hasuko, S. J. Hedges, S. S. Hertzbach, M. D. Hildreth, J. Huber, M. E. Huffer, E. W. Hughes, X. Huynh, H. Hwang, M. Iwasaki, D. J. Jackson, P. Jacques, J. A. Jaros, Z. Y. Jiang, A. S. Johnson, J. R. Johnson, R. A. Johnson, T. Junk, R. Kajikawa, M. Kalelkar, Y. Kamyshkov, H. J. Kang, I. Karliner, H. Kawahara, Y. D. Kim, R. King, M. E. King, R. R. Kofler, N. M. Krishna, R. S. Kroeger, M. Langston, A. Lath, D. W. G. Leith, V. Lia, C.-J. S. Lin, X. Liu, M. X. Liu, M. Loreti, A. Lu, H. L. Lynch, J. Ma, M. Mahjouri, G. Mancinelli, S. Manley, G. Mantovani, T. W. Markiewicz, T. Maruyama, H. Masuda, E. Mazzucato, A. K. McKemey, B. T. Meadows, G. Menegatti, R. Messner, P. M. Mockett, K. C. Moffeit, T. B. Moore, M. Morii, D. Muller, V. Murzin, T. Nagamine, S. Narita, U. Nauenberg, H. Neal, M. Nussbaum, N. Oishi, D. Onoprienko, L. S. Osborne, R. S. Panvini, H. Park, C. H. Park, T. J. Pavel, I. Peruzzi, M. Piccolo, L. Piemontese, E. Pieroni, K. T. Pitts, R. J. Plano, R. Prepost, C. Y. Prescott, G. D. Punkar, J. Quigley, B. N. Ratcliff, T. W. Reeves, J. Reidy, P. L. Reinertsen, P. E. Rensing, L. S. Rochester, P. C. Rowson, J. J. Russell, O. H. Saxton, T. Schalk, R. H. Schindler, B. A. Schumm, J. Schwiening, S. Sen, V. V. Serbo, M. H. Shaevitz, J. T. Shank, G. Shapiro, D. J. Sherden, K. D. Shmakov, C. Simopoulos, N. B. Sinev, S. R. Smith, M. B. Smy, J. A. Snyder, H. Staengle, A. Stahl, P. Stamer, R. Steiner, H. Steiner, M. G. Strauss, D. Su, F. Suekane, A. Sugiyama, S. Suzuki, M. Swartz, A. Szumilo, T. Takahashi, F. E. Taylor, J. Thom, E. Torrence, N. K. Toumbas, T. Usher, C. Vannini, J. Va'vra, E. Vella, J. P. Venuti, R. Verdier, P. G. Verdini, S. R. Wagner, D. L. Wagner, A. P. Waite, S. Walston, J. Wang, C. Ward, S. J. Watts, A. W. Weidemann, E. R. Weiss, J. S. Whitaker, S. L. White, F. J. Wickens, B. Williams, D. C. Williams, S. H. Williams, S. Willocq, R. J. Wilson, W. J. Wisniewski, J. L. Wittlin, M. Woods, G. B. Word, T. R. Wright, J. Wyss, R. K. Yamamoto, J. M. Yamartino, X. Yang, J. Yashima, S. J. Yellin, C. C. Young, H. Yuta, G. Zapalac, R. W. Zdarko, and J. Zhou
Subjects: Nuclear physics, Quark, Physics, Particle physics, media_common.quotation_subject, Hadron, General Physics and Astronomy, Electron, Asymmetry, Vertex (geometry), media_common, Boson
Abstract: We present a direct measurement of the parity-violating asymmetry A{sub b} in the Z{sup 0} to b anti-b coupling using a new technique to distinguish the b and anti-b quarks using charged kaons from B decays. The Z{sup 0} bosons are produced in e{sup +}e{sup -} collisions at the SLC with longitudinally polarized electrons. b anti-b events are selected using a secondary vertex mass tag and A{sub b} is determined from the left-right forward-backward asymmetry. From the 1994-1995 data sample, selected from 100,000 hadronic Z{sup 0} decays, we obtain A{sub b} = 0.855 {+-} 0. 088{sub stat} {+-} 0.102{sub sys}.
Published: 1999

13. Performance of the beam position monitor system of the final focus test beam

Author: S. H. Williams, P. Tenenbaum, and Steve Smith
Subjects: System requirements, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Test beam, law, Mechanical engineering, Centroid, Particle accelerator, Focus (optics), Beam position monitor, Collider, Instrumentation, law.invention
Abstract: The Beam Position Monitor (BPM) system for the Final Focus Test Beam (FFTB) at SLAC is designed to meet challenging specifications in the areas of single-pulse resolution, ab initio installation accuracy, and time-stability of BPM electrical centroids. We review the tolerances on these quantities and the technical choices made to achieve same, and detail the results of several studies of the actual performance of the system. These results are then related to the BPM system requirements for a future high-energy e{sup +}e{sup {minus}} linear collider.
Published: 1999

14. Direct Measurement of Parity Violation in the Coupling ofZ0Bosons tobQuarks Using a Mass Tag and Momentum-Weighted Track Charge

Author: K. Abe, T. Abe, I. Adam, T. Akagi, N. J. Allen, A. Arodzero, W. W. Ash, D. Aston, K. G. Baird, C. Baltay, H. R. Band, M. B. Barakat, O. Bardon, T. L. Barklow, J. M. Bauer, G. Bellodi, R. Ben-David, A. C. Benvenuti, G. M. Bilei, D. Bisello, G. Blaylock, J. R. Bogart, B. Bolen, G. R. Bower, J. E. Brau, M. Breidenbach, W. M. Bugg, D. Burke, T. H. Burnett, P. N. Burrows, A. Calcaterra, D. O. Caldwell, D. Calloway, B. Camanzi, M. Carpinelli, R. Cassell, R. Castaldi, A. Castro, M. Cavalli-Sforza, A. Chou, E. Church, H. O. Cohn, J. A. Coller, M. R. Convery, V. Cook, R. Cotton, R. F. Cowan, D. G. Coyne, G. Crawford, C. J. S. Damerell, M. N. Danielson, M. Daoudi, N. de Groot, R. Dell'Orso, P. J. Dervan, R. de Sangro, M. Dima, A. D'Oliveira, D. N. Dong, P. Y. C. Du, R. Dubois, B. I. Eisenstein, V. Eschenburg, E. Etzion, S. Fahey, D. Falciai, C. Fan, J. P. Fernandez, M. J. Fero, K. Flood, R. Frey, T. Gillman, G. Gladding, S. Gonzalez, E. L. Hart, J. L. Harton, A. Hasan, K. Hasuko, S. J. Hedges, S. S. Hertzbach, M. D. Hildreth, J. Huber, M. E. Huffer, E. W. Hughes, X. Huynh, H. Hwang, M. Iwasaki, D. J. Jackson, P. Jacques, J. A. Jaros, Z. Y. Jiang, A. S. Johnson, J. R. Johnson, R. A. Johnson, T. Junk, R. Kajikawa, M. Kalelkar, Y. Kamyshkov, H. J. Kang, I. Karliner, H. Kawahara, Y. D. Kim, R. King, M. E. King, R. R. Kofler, N. M. Krishna, R. S. Kroeger, M. Langston, A. Lath, D. W. G. Leith, V. Lia, C.-J. S. Lin, X. Liu, M. X. Liu, M. Loreti, A. Lu, H. L. Lynch, J. Ma, G. Mancinelli, S. Manly, G. Mantovani, T. W. Markiewicz, T. Maruyama, H. Masuda, E. Mazzucato, A. K. McKemey, B. T. Meadows, G. Menegatti, R. Messner, P. M. Mockett, K. C. Moffeit, T. B. Moore, M. Morii, D. Muller, V. Murzin, T. Nagamine, S. Narita, U. Nauenberg, H. Neal, M. Nussbaum, N. Oishi, D. Onoprienko, L. S. Osborne, R. S. Panvini, H. Park, C. H. Park, T. J. Pavel, I. Peruzzi, M. Piccolo, L. Piemontese, E. Pieroni, K. T. Pitts, R. J. Plano, R. Prepost, C. Y. Prescott, G. D. Punkar, J. Quigley, B. N. Ratcliff, T. W. Reeves, J. Reidy, P. L. Reinertsen, P. E. Rensing, L. S. Rochester, P. C. Rowson, J. J. Russell, O. H. Saxton, T. Schalk, R. H. Schindler, B. A. Schumm, J. Schwiening, S. Sen, V. V. Serbo, M. H. Shaevitz, J. T. Shank, G. Shapiro, D. J. Sherden, K. D. Shmakov, C. Simopoulos, N. B. Sinev, S. R. Smith, M. B. Smy, J. A. Snyder, H. Staengle, A. Stahl, P. Stamer, H. Steiner, R. Steiner, M. G. Strauss, D. Su, F. Suekane, A. Sugiyama, S. Suzuki, M. Swartz, A. Szumilo, T. Takahashi, F. E. Taylor, J. Thom, E. Torrence, N. K. Toumbas, A. I. Trandafir, J. D. Turk, T. Usher, C. Vannini, J. Va'vra, E. Vella, J. P. Venuti, R. Verdier, P. G. Verdini, S. R. Wagner, D. L. Wagner, A. P. Waite, S. Walston, J. Wang, C. Ward, S. J. Watts, A. W. Weidemann, E. R. Weiss, J. S. Whitaker, S. L. White, F. J. Wickens, B. Williams, D. C. Williams, S. H. Williams, S. Willocq, R. J. Wilson, W. J. Wisniewski, J. L. Wittlin, M. Woods, G. B. Word, T. R. Wright, J. Wyss, R. K. Yamamoto, J. M. Yamartino, X. Yang, J. Yashima, S. J. Yellin, C. C. Young, H. Yuta, G. Zapalac, R. W. Zdarko, and J. Zhou
Subjects: Physics, Quark, Meson, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Hadron, General Physics and Astronomy, Elementary particle, Parity (physics), Nuclear physics, Particle decay, Physics::Accelerator Physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, B meson, Boson
Abstract: We present a direct measurement of the parity-violation parameter ${A}_{b}$ using a self-calibrating track-charge technique. In the SLAC Linear Collider Large Detector (SLD) experiment we observe hadronic decays of ${Z}^{0}$ bosons produced in collisions between longitudinally polarized electrons and unpolarized positrons at the SLAC Linear Collider. A sample of $b\overline{b}$ events is selected using the topologically reconstructed mass of $B$ hadrons. From our 1993--1995 sample of approximately 150 000 hadronic ${Z}^{0}$ decays, we obtain ${A}_{b}\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}=\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}0.911\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.045(\mathrm{stat})\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.045(\mathrm{syst})$.
Published: 1998

15. The performance of the Barrel CRID at the SLD; long-term operational experience

Author: M. McCulloch, T. Nagamine, David R. Williams, C. Simopoulo, Y. Hasegawa, P. Coyle, M. Dima, T.J. Pavel, Dominik Müller, D. McShurley, Koji Abe, S. Willocq, H. Shaw, R.J. Plano, R. Reif, T. Lu, H. Staengle, D. W. G. S. Leith, J. Va'vra, B. N. Ratcliff, T. Weber, P. E. Stamer, K.G. Baird, L. Meadows, G. Hallewell, S. Narita, P. Stiles, D. Aston, S. Dasu, Michael Schneider, H. Yuta, D. Schultze, V. Ashford, M. Cavalli-Sforza, F. Bird, H. Kawahara, S. J. Yellin, D. G. Coyne, S. L. Shapiro, S. H. Williams, N. Toge, P.E. Rensing, G. Oxoby, Y. Iwasaki, Robert Wilson, J. A. Coller, M. Kalelkar, T. Bienz, W. Dunwoodie, and J. S. Whitaker
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, business.industry, Electron lifetime, Detector, Barrel (horology), Particle accelerator, Anode, Term (time), law.invention, Single electron, Optics, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, law, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, business, Cherenkov radiation
Abstract: The Barrel CRID detector has been operating successfully at SLD for the past seven years. It is an important tool for SLD physics analyses. We report results based on long term operational experience of a number of important quantities such as the Cherenkov quality factor, N/sub 0/ of the device, fluid transparency, electron lifetime, single electron detection efficiency, anode wire ageing, TMAE purity, long term transparency, Cherenkov angle resolution and the number of photoelectrons observed per ring.
Published: 1998

16. Measurement of Rb Using a Vertex Mass Tag

Author: K. Abe, T. Akagi, N. J. Allen, W. W. Ash, D. Aston, K. G. Baird, C. Baltay, H. R. Band, M. B. Barakat, G. Baranko, O. Bardon, T. L. Barklow, G. L. Bashindzhagyan, A. O. Bazarko, R. Ben-David, A. C. Benvenuti, G. M. Bilei, D. Bisello, G. Blaylock, J. R. Bogart, B. Bolen, T. Bolton, G. R. Bower, J. E. Brau, M. Breidenbach, W. M. Bugg, D. Burke, T. H. Burnett, P. N. Burrows, W. Busza, A. Calcaterra, D. O. Caldwell, D. Calloway, B. Camanzi, M. Carpinelli, R. Cassell, R. Castaldi, A. Castro, M. Cavalli-Sforza, A. Chou, E. Church, H. O. Cohn, J. A. Coller, V. Cook, R. Cotton, R. F. Cowan, D. G. Coyne, G. Crawford, A. D'Oliveira, C. J. S. Damerell, M. Daoudi, N. de Groot, R. De Sangro, R. Dell'Orso, P. J. Dervan, M. Dima, D. N. Dong, P. Y. C. Du, R. Dubois, B. I. Eisenstein, R. Elia, E. Etzion, S. Fahey, D. Falciai, C. Fan, J. P. Fernandez, M. J. Fero, R. Frey, T. Gillman, G. Gladding, S. Gonzalez, E. L. Hart, J. L. Harton, A. Hasan, Y. Hasegawa, K. Hasuko, S. J. Hedges, S. S. Hertzbach, M. D. Hildreth, J. Huber, M. E. Huffer, E. W. Hughes, H. Hwang, Y. Iwasaki, D. J. Jackson, P. Jacques, J. A. Jaros, Z. Y. Jiang, A. S. Johnson, J. R. Johnson, R. A. Johnson, T. Junk, R. Kajikawa, M. Kalelkar, H. J. Kang, I. Karliner, H. Kawahara, H. W. Kendall, Y. D. Kim, M. E. King, R. King, R. R. Kofler, N. M. Krishna, R. S. Kroeger, J. F. Labs, M. Langston, A. Lath, J. A. Lauber, D. W. G. S. Leith, V. Lia, M. X. Liu, X. Liu, M. Loreti, A. Lu, H. L. Lynch, J. Ma, G. Mancinelli, S. Manly, G. Mantovani, T. W. Markiewicz, T. Maruyama, H. Masuda, E. Mazzucato, A. K. McKemey, B. T. Meadows, R. Messner, P. M. Mockett, K. C. Moffeit, T. B. Moore, D. Muller, T. Nagamine, S. Narita, U. Nauenberg, H. Neal, M. Nussbaum, Y. Ohnishi, N. Oishi, D. Onoprienko, L. S. Osborne, R. S. Panvini, C. H. Park, H. Park, T. J. Pavel, I. Peruzzi, M. Piccolo, L. Piemontese, E. Pieroni, K. T. Pitts, R. J. Plano, R. Prepost, C. Y. Prescott, G. D. Punkar, J. Quigley, B. N. Ratcliff, T. W. Reeves, J. Reidy, P. L. Reinertsen, P. E. Rensing, L. S. Rochester, P. C. Rowson, J. J. Russell, O. H. Saxton, T. Schalk, R. H. Schindler, B. A. Schumm, J. Schwiening, S. Sen, V. V. Serbo, M. H. Shaevitz, J. T. Shank, G. Shapiro, D. J. Sherden, K. D. Shmakov, C. Simopoulos, N. B. Sinev, S. R. Smith, M. B. Smy, J. A. Snyder, H. Staengle, P. Stamer, H. Steiner, R. Steiner, M. G. Strauss, D. Su, F. Suekane, A. Sugiyama, S. Suzuki, M. Swartz, A. Szumilo, T. Takahashi, F. E. Taylor, E. Torrence, A. I. Trandafir, J. D. Turk, T. Usher, J. Va'vra, C. Vannini, E. Vella, J. P. Venuti, R. Verdier, P. G. Verdini, D. L. Wagner, S. R. Wagner, A. P. Waite, S. J. Watts, A. W. Weidemann, E. R. Weiss, J. S. Whitaker, S. L. White, F. J. Wickens, D. C. Williams, S. H. Williams, S. Willocq, R. J. Wilson, W. J. Wisniewski, M. Woods, G. B. Word, J. Wyss, R. K. Yamamoto, J. M. Yamartino, X. Yang, J. Yashima, S. J. Yellin, C. C. Young, H. Yuta, G. Zapalac, R. W. Zdarko, J. Zhou, Abe, K, Akagi, T, Allen, N, Ash, W, Aston, D, Baird, K, Baltay, C, Band, H, Barakat, M, Baranko, G, Bardon, O, Barklow, T, Bashindzhagyan, G, Bazarko, A, Ben David, R, Benvenuti, A, Bilei, G, Bisello, D, Blaylock, G, Bogart, J, Bolen, B, Bolton, T, Bower, G, Brau, J, Breidenbach, M, Bugg, W, Burke, D, Burnett, T, Burrows, P, Busza, W, Calcaterra, A, Caldwell, D, Calloway, D, Camanzi, B, Carpinelli, M, Cassell, R, Castaldi, R, Castro, A, Cavalli Sforza, M, Chou, A, Church, E, Cohn, H, Coller, J, Cook, V, Cotton, R, Cowan, R, Coyne, D, Crawford, G, D'Oliveira, A, Damerell, C, Daoudi, M, de Groot, N, De Sangro, R, Dell'Orso, R, Dervan, P, Dima, M, Dong, D, Du, P, Dubois, R, Eisenstein, B, Elia, R, Etzion, E, Fahey, S, Falciai, D, Fan, C, Fernandez, J, Faro, M, Frey, R, Gillman, T, Gladding, G, Gonzalez, S, Hart, E, Harton, J, Hasan, A, Hasegawa, Y, Hasuko, K, Hedges, S, Hertzbach, S, Hildreth, M, Huber, J, Huffer, M, Hughes, E, Hwang, H, Iwasaki, Y, Jackson, D, Jacques, P, Jaros, J, Jiang, Z, Johnson, A, Johnson, J, Johnson, R, Junk, T, Kajikawa, R, Kalelkar, M, Kang, H, Karliner, I, Kawahara, H, Kendall, H, Kim, Y, King, M, King, R, Kofler, R, Krishna, N, Kroeger, R, Labs, J, Langston, M, Lath, A, Lauber, J, Leith, D, Lia, V, Liu, M, Liu, X, Loreti, M, Lu, A, Lynch, H, Ma, J, Mancinelli, G, Manly, S, Mantovani, G, Markiewicz, T, Maruyama, T, Masuda, H, Mazzucato, E, Mckemey, A, Meadows, B, Messner, R, Mockett, P, Moffeit, K, Moore, T, Muller, D, Nagamine, T, Narita, S, Nauenberg, U, Neal, H, Nussbaum, M, Ohnishi, Y, Oishi, N, Onoprienko, D, Osborne, L, Panvini, R, Park, C, Park, H, Pavel, T, Peruzzi, I, Piccolo, M, Piemontese, L, Pieroni, E, Pitts, K, Plano, R, Prepost, R, Prescott, C, Punkar, G, Quigley, J, Ratcliff, B, Reeves, T, Reidy, J, Reinertsen, P, Rensing, P, Rochester, L, Rowson, P, Russell, J, Saxton, O, Schall, T, Schindler, R, Schumm, B, Schwiening, J, Sen, S, Serbo, V, Shaevitz, M, Shank, J, Shapiro, G, Sherden, D, Shmakov, K, Simopoulos, C, Sinev, N, Smith, S, Smy, M, Snyder, J, Staengle, H, Stamer, P, Steiner, H, Steiner, R, Strauss, M, Su, D, Suekane, F, Sugiyama, A, Suzuki, S, Swartz, M, Szumilo, A, Takahashi, T, Taylor, F, Torrence, E, Trandafir, A, Turk, J, Usher, T, Va'Vra, J, Vannini, C, Vella, E, Venuti, J, Verdier, R, Verdini, P, Wagner, D, Wagner, S, Waite, A, Watts, S, Weidemann, A, Weiss, E, Whitaker, J, White, S, Wickens, F, Williams, D, Williams, S, Willocq, S, Wilson, R, Wisniewski, W, Woods, M, Word, G, Wyss, J, Yamamoto, R, Yamartino, J, Yang, X, Yashima, J, Yellin, S, Young, C, Yuta, H, Zapalac, G, Zdarko, R, and Zhou, J
Subjects: Physics, Particle physics, Meson, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Electron–positron annihilation, Gluons, Hadron, FOS: Physical sciences, General Physics and Astronomy, Elementary particle, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Vertex (geometry), High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Particle decay, B meson, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, Boson
Abstract: We report a new measurement of Rb = Gamma(Z0->b-bbar) / Gamma(Z0->hadrons) using a double tag technique, where the b hemisphere selection is based on the reconstructed mass of the B hadron decay vertex. The measurement was performed using a sample of 130k hadronic Z0 events, collected with the SLD at the SLC. The method utilizes the 3-D vertexing abilities of the CCD pixel vertex detector and the small stable SLC beams to obtain a high b-tagging efficiency and purity. We obtain Rb=0.2142+/-0.0034(stat.)+/-0.0015(syst.)+/-0.0002(R_c)., 11 pages including 3 eps files
Published: 1998

17. Measurement of theBhadron energy distribution inZ0decays

Author: C. Fan, K.D. Shmakov, T.J. Pavel, R. Frey, A. P. Waite, T. Bolton, H. Staengle, Yukio Hasegawa, J. R. Johnson, R. Kajikawa, D. G. Coyne, Robert Wilson, J. A. Coller, Gilbert Shapiro, R. Verdier, T. Akagi, L. Piemontese, T. Nagamine, B. I. Einsenstein, X. Liu, S. S. Hertzbach, Henry W. Kendall, X. Yang, D. C. Williams, C. Baltay, H. Masuda, E. L. Hart, D. Aston, T. B. Moore, Enrico Pieroni, J. F. Labs, B. Bolen, D. Onoprienko, J. Schwiening, T. Schalk, V. Cook, D. Calloway, A. I. Trandafir, E. Mazzucato, A. Hasan, Michael H. Shaevitz, H. M. Steiner, Piero Giorgio Verdini, R. de Sangro, G. Mancinelli, Wit Busza, Roberto Dell'Orso, K. Hasuko, C. Vannini, J. D. Turk, R. E. Cassell, Martin Breidenbach, P.E. Rensing, M. Dima, B. Camanzi, Giancarlo Mantovani, R. Prepost, E. Church, H. Hwang, T. Junk, J. L. Harton, M. Loreti, J. Va'vra, J. J. Russell, E. Etzion, L.S. Osborne, J. Quigley, T. Takahashi, T. H. Burnett, C. Y. Prescott, P.Y.C. Du, J.J. Reidy, R. S. Panvini, D. Falciai, R. Messner, Stephen Robert Wagner, R. Dubois, J. S. Whitaker, R. A. Johnson, Stephen Watts, R. Cowan, D. Su, E. Vella, G. Baranko, A. S. Johnson, J. Wyss, Shiro Suzuki, S. L. White, M. Daoudi, N. Oishi, M. D. Hildreth, A. Chou, K.C. Moffeit, G. B. Word, P.L. Reinertsen, J.P. Venuti, C.J.S. Damerell, M. Piccolo, R.J. Plano, J. M. Yamartino, D. J. Sherden, W. J. Wisniewski, A.C. Benvenuti, N. B. Sinev, A. Sugiyama, M. Carpinelli, S. J. Yellin, S. Sen, C. H. Park, Bruce Schumm, N.M. Krishna, H. A. Neal, Yongduk Kim, M. Kalelkar, H. Kawahara, S. R. Smith, A.B. d'Oliveira, F. E. Taylor, G. Crawford, M.B. Barakat, R.D. Elia, S. Willocq, G. E. Gladding, Zihao Jiang, J. R. Bogart, A. Lu, R. K. Yamamoto, Rino Castaldi, H. O. Cohn, R. Ben-David, D. W. G. S. Leith, P.F. Jacques, J. Zhou, T. Gillman, V. V. Serbo, G. Blaylock, A. Calcaterra, S. Manly, P. C. Rowson, G. D. Punkar, N. De Groot, S. J. Hedges, W. W. Ash, R. Cotton, E. Torrence, H. J. Kang, M. Nussbaum, Minghui Liu, R. Steiner, Michael J. Fero, E. R. Weiss, R. W. Zdarko, S. Gonzalez, F. Suekane, J. A. Snyder, M.E. King, H. Yuta, M. Cavalli-Sforza, M. Langston, B. T. Meadows, K. T. Pitts, J. E. Brau, N.J. Allen, A. Lath, T. W. Reeves, O. Bardon, B. N. Ratcliff, E. W. Hughes, C. Simopoulos, K.G. Baird, S. H. Williams, A. K. McKemey, P. E. Stamer, D. O. Caldwell, Timothy Barklow, Thomas W. Markiewicz, M. E. Huffer, C. C. Young, D. J. Jackson, J. Yashima, S. Fahey, M. B. Smy, J. Ma, L. S. Rochester, G. M. Bilei, G. R. Bower, M. Swartz, James Shank, Andrea Castro, Y. Iwasaki, T. L. Usher, H. Park, G. H. Zapalac, P.J. Dervan, D. L. Wagner, U. Nauenberg, S. Narita, R. King, P. N. Burrows, Dario Bisello, Y. Ohnishi, O. H. Saxton, H. R. Band, Fred Wickens, T. Maruyama, K. Abe, M. Woods, R. R. Kofler, G. L. Bashindzhagyan, J. A. Lauber, H. L. Lynch, A. W. Weidemann, J. A. Jaros, P. M. Mockett, J. Huber, I. Karliner, M. G. Strauss, Dominik Müller, D. N. Dong, R. H. Schindler, A. Szumilo, R. Kroeger, I. M. Peruzzi, V. Lia, D. L. Burke, W. M. Bugg, A. O. Bazarko, and J. P. Fernandez
Subjects: Physics, Quark, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Energy distribution, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Electron–positron annihilation, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Hadron, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Vertex (geometry), Nuclear physics, 0103 physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Lepton
Abstract: We have measured the $B$ hadron energy distribution in ${Z}^{0}$ decays using a sample of semileptonic $B$ decays recorded in the SLD experiment at SLAC. The energy of each tagged $B$ hadron was reconstructed using information from the lepton and a partially reconstructed charm-decay vertex. We compared the scaled energy distribution with several models of heavy quark fragmentation. The average scaled energy of primary $B$ hadrons was found to be $〈{x}_{{E}_{B}}〉=0.716\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.011(\mathrm{stat}{)}_{\ensuremath{-}0.022}^{+0.021}(\mathrm{syst})$.
Published: 1997

18. Measurement of theτNeutrino Helicity and Michel Parameters in Polarizede+e−Collisions

Author: K. Abe, T. Akagi, N. J. Allen, W. W. Ash, D. Aston, K. G. Baird, C. Baltay, H. R. Band, M. B. Barakat, G. Baranko, O. Bardon, T. L. Barklow, G. L. Bashindzhagyan, A. O. Bazarko, R. Ben-David, A. C. Benvenuti, G. M. Bilei, D. Bisello, G. Blaylock, J. R. Bogart, B. Bolen, T. Bolton, G. R. Bower, J. E. Brau, M. Breidenbach, W. M. Bugg, D. Burke, T. H. Burnett, P. N. Burrows, W. Busza, A. Calcaterra, D. O. Caldwell, D. Calloway, B. Camanzi, M. Carpinelli, R. Cassell, R. Castaldi, A. Castro, M. Cavalli-Sforza, A. Chou, E. Church, H. O. Cohn, J. A. Coller, V. Cook, R. Cotton, R. F. Cowan, D. G. Coyne, G. Crawford, A. D'Oliveira, C. J. S. Damerell, M. Daoudi, R. De Sangro, R. Dell'Orso, P. J. Dervan, M. Dima, D. N. Dong, P. Y. C. Du, R. Dubois, B. I. Eisenstein, R. Elia, E. Etzion, S. Fahey, D. Falciai, C. Fan, J. P. Fernandez, M. J. Fero, R. Frey, K. Furuno, T. Gillman, G. Gladding, S. Gonzalez, E. L. Hart, J. L. Harton, A. Hasan, Y. Hasegawa, K. Hasuko, S. J. Hedges, S. S. Hertzbach, M. D. Hildreth, J. Huber, M. E. Huffer, E. W. Hughes, H. Hwang, Y. Iwasaki, D. J. Jackson, P. Jacques, J. A. Jaros, A. S. Johnson, J. R. Johnson, R. A. Johnson, T. Junk, R. Kajikawa, M. Kalelkar, H. J. Kang, I. Karliner, H. Kawahara, H. W. Kendall, Y. D. Kim, M. E. King, R. King, R. R. Kofler, N. M. Krishna, R. S. Kroeger, J. F. Labs, M. Langston, A. Lath, J. A. Lauber, D. W. G. S. Leith, V. Lia, M. X. Liu, X. Liu, M. Loreti, A. Lu, H. L. Lynch, J. Ma, G. Mancinelli, S. Manly, G. Mantovani, T. W. Markiewicz, T. Maruyama, H. Masuda, E. Mazzucato, A. K. McKemey, B. T. Meadows, R. Messner, P. M. Mockett, K. C. Moffeit, T. B. Moore, D. Muller, T. Nagamine, S. Narita, U. Nauenberg, H. Neal, M. Nussbaum, Y. Ohnishi, L. S. Osborne, R. S. Panvini, C. H. Park, H. Park, T. J. Pavel, I. Peruzzi, M. Piccolo, L. Piemontese, E. Pieroni, K. T. Pitts, R. J. Plano, R. Prepost, C. Y. Prescott, G. D. Punkar, J. Quigley, B. N. Ratcliff, T. W. Reeves, J. Reidy, P. L. Reinertsen, P. E. Rensing, L. S. Rochester, P. C. Rowson, J. J. Russell, O. H. Saxton, T. Schalk, R. H. Schindler, B. A. Schumm, S. Sen, V. V. Serbo, M. H. Shaevitz, J. T. Shank, G. Shapiro, D. J. Sherden, K. D. Shmakov, C. Simopoulos, N. B. Sinev, S. R. Smith, M. B. Smy, J. A. Snyder, P. Stamer, H. Steiner, R. Steiner, M. G. Strauss, D. Su, F. Suekane, A. Sugiyama, S. Suzuki, M. Swartz, A. Szumilo, T. Takahashi, F. E. Taylor, E. Torrence, A. I. Trandafir, J. D. Turk, T. Usher, J. Va'vra, C. Vannini, E. Vella, J. P. Venuti, R. Verdier, P. G. Verdini, D. L. Wagner, S. R. Wagner, A. P. Waite, S. J. Watts, A. W. Weidemann, E. R. Weiss, J. S. Whitaker, S. L. White, F. J. Wickens, D. A. Williams, D. C. Williams, S. H. Williams, S. Willocq, R. J. Wilson, W. J. Wisniewski, M. Woods, G. B. Word, J. Wyss, R. K. Yamamoto, J. M. Yamartino, X. Yang, J. Yashima, S. J. Yellin, C. C. Young, H. Yuta, G. Zapalac, R. W. Zdarko, and J. Zhou
Subjects: Physics, Particle physics, Electron–positron annihilation, General Physics and Astronomy, Elementary particle, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Helicity, Nuclear physics, Particle decay, Tau neutrino, mental disorders, Michel parameters, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Neutrino, Lepton
Abstract: We present a new measurement of the tau neutrino helicity, hnu and the tau Michel parameters rho, eta, xi and the product delta xi. The analysis exploits the highly polarized SLC electron beam to extract these quantities directly from a measurement of the tau decay spectra, using the 1993-1995 SLD data sample of 4328 e+e- --> Z0 --> tau+tau- events. From the decays tau --> pi nu(tau) and tau --> rho nu(tau) we obtain a combined value hnu=-0.93+/-0.10+/-0.04. The leptonic decay channels yield combined values of rho=0.72+/-0.09+/-0.03, xi=1.05+/-0.35+/-0.04 and delta xi=0.88+/-0.27+/-0.04.
Published: 1997

19. Measurement of Leading Particle Effects in Decays ofZ0Bosons into Light Flavors

Author: T. W. Reeves, A. Chou, K.C. Moffeit, R. Dubois, S. R. Smith, H. A. Neal, S. Fahey, P.L. Reinertsen, A. Sugiyama, J. M. Yamartino, C. Y. Prescott, L. S. Rochester, Stephen Watts, R. R. Kofler, J. Quigley, J. Wyss, Michael J. Fero, E. R. Weiss, C. H. Park, Bruce Schumm, D. Su, T. Bolton, M. Dima, Stephen Robert Wagner, B. N. Ratcliff, A. Lu, C. Simopoulos, M. Cavalli-Sforza, B. T. Meadows, P. E. Stamer, M.B. Barakat, M. E. Huffer, C. C. Young, J. Yashima, J. D. Turk, V. V. Serbo, N.J. Allen, R.D. Elia, G. E. Gladding, J. Schwiening, A. I. Trandafir, M. Piccolo, Gilbert Shapiro, R. E. Cassell, P.E. Rensing, R. H. Schindler, R. Verdier, E. L. Hart, T. Nagamine, M. Kalelkar, T. Schalk, G. L. Bashindzhagyan, C. Vannini, E. Etzion, A. Hasan, M. Carpinelli, Michael H. Shaevitz, A. Szumilo, M. Loreti, B. Bolen, T. H. Burnett, W. J. Wisniewski, M. Langston, J. A. Coller, S. Manly, O. Bardon, F. E. Taylor, J. R. Bogart, D. Aston, S. J. Yellin, A. Calcaterra, K. Hasuko, R. Prepost, P.F. Jacques, R. Kroeger, D. Calloway, S. Sen, G. H. Zapalac, R. K. Yamamoto, N.M. Krishna, A. P. Waite, X. Yang, D. C. Williams, S. J. Hedges, O. H. Saxton, M. Nussbaum, R. Cowan, K. T. Pitts, Shiro Suzuki, Timothy Barklow, Piero Giorgio Verdini, X. Liu, S. S. Hertzbach, R. W. Zdarko, M.E. King, J. J. Russell, S. Willocq, A. S. Johnson, R. Steiner, H. R. Band, L.S. Osborne, Rino Castaldi, H. O. Cohn, K. Furuno, Giancarlo Mantovani, W. W. Ash, R. Messner, S. Gonzalez, M. D. Hildreth, V. Cook, K.D. Shmakov, Yukio Hasegawa, H. Hwang, H. L. Lynch, J. S. Whitaker, Alberto Benvenuti, R. Ben-David, G. D. Punkar, R. de Sangro, E. Vella, R. A. Johnson, J. E. Brau, A. W. Weidemann, J. Zhou, H. Kawahara, G. B. Word, D. G. Coyne, Henry W. Kendall, D. J. Sherden, C. Fan, J.P. Venuti, D. J. Jackson, Fred Wickens, D. W. G. S. Leith, C.J.S. Damerell, R. J. Wilson, A. O. Bazarko, Martin Breidenbach, R. Cotton, Yongduk Kim, C. Baltay, E. W. Hughes, J. A. Lauber, H. Masuda, S. H. Williams, J. Ma, Minghui Liu, D. Onoprienko, G. Blaylock, B. Camanzi, G. M. Bilei, G. R. Bower, R. S. Panvini, D. Falciai, G. Crawford, M. Swartz, James Shank, Andrea Castro, Wit Busza, F. Suekane, P. C. Rowson, J. A. Jaros, P.J. Dervan, H. Yuta, D. O. Caldwell, Thomas W. Markiewicz, T. Gillman, E. Church, T. Junk, J. L. Harton, S. Narita, Tadayuki Takahashi, J. P. Fernandez, P. M. Mockett, G. Baranko, M. B. Smy, Y. Iwasaki, K.G. Baird, David A. Williams, J. Huber, T. L. Usher, S. L. White, A. K. McKemey, R. King, R.J. Plano, I. Karliner, M. G. Strauss, Dominik Müller, H. Park, T. Maruyama, Y. Ohnishi, B. I. Eisenstein, D. N. Dong, J. A. Snyder, A. Lath, I. M. Peruzzi, E. Mazzucato, A.B. d'Oliveira, E. Torrence, H. J. Kang, Roberto Dell'Orso, J. Va'vra, J.J. Reidy, N. B. Sinev, D. L. Wagner, V. Lia, U. Nauenberg, D. L. Burke, W. M. Bugg, P. N. Burrows, Dario Bisello, T.J. Pavel, R. Frey, J. R. Johnson, R. Kajikawa, H. M. Steiner, T. Akagi, L. Piemontese, T. B. Moore, Enrico Pieroni, J. F. Labs, G. Mancinelli, P.Y.C. Du, M. Daoudi, K. Abe, and M. Woods
Subjects: Quark, Physics, Antiparticle, Particle physics, Meson, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics::Lattice, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Hadron, General Physics and Astronomy, Elementary particle, Quarkonium, Nuclear physics, Particle decay, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Boson
Abstract: We present evidence for leading particle production in hadronic decays of the Z{sup 0} boson to light-flavor jets. A polarized electron beam was used to tag quark and antiquark jets, and a vertex detector was employed to reject heavy-flavor events. Charged hadrons were identified with a Cherenkov ring imaging detector. In the quark jets, more high-momentum p, L, K{sup -}, and {bar K}{sup *0} were observed than their antiparticles, and vice versa for antiquark jets, providing direct evidence that the higher-momentum particles in jets are more likely to carry the primary quark or antiquark from the Z{sup 0} decay, and that s{bar s} production is suppressed in fragmentation. {copyright} {ital 1997} {ital The American Physical Society}
Published: 1997

20. Improved Measurement of the Left-RightZ0Cross Section Asymmetry

Author: K. Abe, I. Abt, T. Akagi, N. J. Allen, W. W. Ash, D. Aston, K. G. Baird, C. Baltay, H. R. Band, M. B. Barakat, G. Baranko, O. Bardon, T. L. Barklow, G. L. Bashindzhagyan, A. O. Bazarko, R. Ben-David, A. C. Benvenuti, G. M. Bilei, D. Bisello, G. Blaylock, J. R. Bogart, B. Bolen, T. Bolton, G. R. Bower, J. E. Brau, M. Breidenbach, W. M. Bugg, D. Burke, T. H. Burnett, P. N. Burrows, W. Busza, A. Calcaterra, D. O. Caldwell, D. Calloway, B. Camanzi, M. Carpinelli, R. Cassell, R. Castaldi, A. Castro, M. Cavalli-Sforza, A. Chou, E. Church, H. O. Cohn, J. A. Coller, V. Cook, R. Cotton, R. F. Cowan, D. G. Coyne, G. Crawford, A. D'Oliveira, C. J. S. Damerell, M. Daoudi, R. De Sangro, R. Dell'Orso, P. J. Dervan, M. Dima, D. N. Dong, P. Y. C. Du, R. Dubois, B. I. Eisenstein, R. Elia, E. Etzion, S. Fahey, D. Falciai, C. Fan, M. J. Fero, R. Frey, K. Furuno, T. Gillman, G. Gladding, S. Gonzalez, G. D. Hallewell, E. L. Hart, J. L. Harton, A. Hasan, Y. Hasegawa, K. Hasuko, S. J. Hedges, S. S. Hertzbach, M. D. Hildreth, J. Huber, M. E. Huffer, E. W. Hughes, H. Hwang, Y. Iwasaki, D. J. Jackson, P. Jacques, J. A. Jaros, A. S. Johnson, J. R. Johnson, R. A. Johnson, T. Junk, R. Kajikawa, M. Kalelkar, H. J. Kang, I. Karliner, H. Kawahara, H. W. Kendall, Y. D. Kim, M. E. King, R. King, R. R. Kofler, N. M. Krishna, R. S. Kroeger, J. F. Labs, M. Langston, A. Lath, J. A. Lauber, D. W. G. S. Leith, V. Lia, M. X. Liu, X. Liu, M. Loreti, A. Lu, H. L. Lynch, J. Ma, G. Mancinelli, S. Manly, G. Mantovani, T. W. Markiewicz, T. Maruyama, H. Masuda, E. Mazzucato, A. K. McKemey, B. T. Meadows, R. Messner, P. M. Mockett, K. C. Moffeit, T. B. Moore, D. Muller, T. Nagamine, S. Narita, U. Nauenberg, H. Neal, M. Nussbaum, Y. Ohnishi, L. S. Osborne, R. S. Panvini, C. H. Park, H. Park, T. J. Pavel, I. Peruzzi, M. Piccolo, L. Piemontese, E. Pieroni, K. T. Pitts, R. J. Plano, R. Prepost, C. Y. Prescott, G. D. Punkar, J. Quigley, B. N. Ratcliff, K. Reeves, T. W. Reeves, J. Reidy, P. L. Reinertsen, P. E. Rensing, L. S. Rochester, P. C. Rowson, J. J. Russell, O. H. Saxton, T. Schalk, R. H. Schindler, B. A. Schumm, J. Schwiening, S. Sen, V. V. Serbo, M. H. Shaevitz, J. T. Shank, G. Shapiro, D. J. Sherden, K. D. Shmakov, C. Simopoulos, N. B. Sinev, S. R. Smith, M. B. Smy, J. A. Snyder, P. Stamer, H. Steiner, R. Steiner, M. G. Strauss, D. Su, F. Suekane, A. Sugiyama, S. Suzuki, M. Swartz, A. Szumilo, T. Takahashi, F. E. Taylor, E. Torrence, A. I. Trandafir, J. D. Turk, T. Usher, J. Va'vra, C. Vannini, E. Vella, J. P. Venuti, R. Verdier, P. G. Verdini, D. L. Wagner, S. R. Wagner, A. P. Waite, S. J. Watts, A. W. Weidemann, E. R. Weiss, J. S. Whitaker, S. L. White, F. J. Wickens, D. A. Williams, D. C. Williams, S. H. Williams, S. Willocq, R. J. Wilson, W. J. Wisniewski, M. Woods, G. B. Word, J. Wyss, R. K. Yamamoto, J. M. Yamartino, X. Yang, S. J. Yellin, C. C. Young, H. Yuta, G. Zapalac, R. W. Zdarko, and J. Zhou
Subjects: Physics, Particle physics, Electron–positron annihilation, media_common.quotation_subject, General Physics and Astronomy, Weinberg angle, Elementary particle, Polarization (waves), Asymmetry, Linear particle accelerator, Nuclear physics, Physics::Accelerator Physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, media_common, Boson
Abstract: We present a new measurement of the left-right cross section asymmetry (ALR) for Z boson production by e+e- collisions. The measurement was performed at a center-of-mass energy of 91.28 GeV with the SLD detector at the SLAC Linear Collider (SLC). The luminosity-weighted average polarization of the SLC electron beam was (77.23+-0.52)%. Using a sample of 93,644 Z decays, we measure the pole-value of the asymmetry, ALR0, to be 0.1512+-0.0042(stat.)+-0.0011(syst.) which is equivalent to an effective weak mixing angle of sin**2(theta_eff)=0.23100+-0.00054(stat.)+-0.00014(syst.).
Published: 1997

21. Study of the orientation and energy partition of three-jet events in hadronic Z0 decays

Author: K. Abe, I. Abt, T. Akagi, N. J. Allen, W. W. Ash, D. Aston, K. G. Baird, C. Baltay, H. R. Band, M. B. Barakat, G. Baranko, O. Bardon, T. Barklow, G. L. Bashindzhagyan, A. O. Bazarko, R. Ben-David, A. C. Benvenuti, G. M. Bilei, D. Bisello, G. Blaylock, J. R. Bogart, T. Bolton, G. R. Bower, J. E. Brau, M. Breidenbach, W. M. Bugg, D. Burke, T. H. Burnett, P. N. Burrows, W. Busza, A. Calcaterra, D. O. Caldwell, D. Calloway, B. Camanzi, M. Carpinelli, R. Cassell, R. Castaldi, A. Castro, M. Cavalli-Sforza, A. Chou, E. Church, H. O. Cohn, J. A. Coller, V. Cook, R. Cotton, R. F. Cowan, D. G. Coyne, G. Crawford, A. D’Oliveira, C. J. S. Damerell, M. Daoudi, R. De Sangro, P. De Simone, R. Dell’Orso, P. J. Dervan, M. Dima, D. N. Dong, P. Y. C. Du, R. Dubois, B. I. Eisenstein, R. Elia, E. Etzion, D. Falciai, C. Fan, M. J. Fero, R. Frey, K. Furuno, T. Gillman, G. Gladding, S. Gonzalez, G. D. Hallewell, E. L. Hart, A. Hasan, Y. Hasegawa, K. Hasuko, S. Hedges, S. S. Hertzbach, M. D. Hildreth, J. Huber, M. E. Huffer, E. W. Hughes, H. Hwang, Y. Iwasaki, D. J. Jackson, P. Jacques, J. Jaros, A. S. Johnson, J. R. Johnson, R. A. Johnson, T. Junk, R. Kajikawa, M. Kalelkar, H. J. Kang, I. Karliner, H. Kawahara, H. W. Kendall, Y. Kim, M. E. King, R. King, R. R. Kofler, N. M. Krishna, R. S. Kroeger, J. F. Labs, M. Langston, A. Lath, J. A. Lauber, D. W. G. S. Leith, V. Lia, M. X. Liu, X. Liu, M. Loreti, A. Lu, H. L. Lynch, J. Ma, G. Mancinelli, S. Manly, G. Mantovani, T. W. Markiewicz, T. Maruyama, R. Massetti, H. Masuda, E. Mazzucato, A. K. McKemey, B. T. Meadows, R. Messner, P. M. Mockett, K. C. Moffeit, B. Mours, D. Muller, T. Nagamine, S. Narita, U. Nauenberg, H. Neal, M. Nussbaum, Y. Ohnishi, L. S. Osborne, R. S. Panvini, H. Park, T. J. Pavel, I. Peruzzi, M. Piccolo, L. Piemontese, E. Pieroni, K. T. Pitts, R. J. Plano, R. Prepost, C. Y. Prescott, G. D. Punkar, J. Quigley, B. N. Ratcliff, T. W. Reeves, J. Reidy, P. E. Rensing, T. G. Rizzo, L. S. Rochester, P. C. Rowson, J. J. Russell, O. H. Saxton, T. Schalk, R. H. Schindler, B. A. Schumm, S. Sen, V. V. Serbo, M. H. Shaevitz, J. T. Shank, G. Shapiro, D. J. Sherden, K. D. Shmakov, C. Simopoulos, N. B. Sinev, S. R. Smith, J. A. Snyder, P. Stamer, H. Steiner, R. Steiner, M. G. Strauss, D. Su, F. Suekane, A. Sugiyama, S. Suzuki, M. Swartz, A. Szumilo, T. Takahashi, F. E. Taylor, E. Torrence, A. I. Trandafir, J. D. Turk, T. Usher, J. Va’vra, C. Vannini, E. Vella, J. P. Venuti, R. Verdier, P. G. Verdini, S. R. Wagner, A. P. Waite, S. J. Watts, A. W. Weidemann, E. R. Weiss, J. S. Whitaker, S. L. White, F. J. Wickens, D. A. Williams, D. C. Williams, S. H. Williams, S. Willocq, R. J. Wilson, W. J. Wisniewski, M. Woods, G. B. Word, J. Wyss, R. K. Yamamoto, J. M. Yamartino, X. Yang, S. J. Yellin, C. C. Young, H. Yuta, G. Zapalac, R. W. Zdarko, C. Zeitlin, and J. Zhou
Subjects: Quantum chromodynamics, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Meson, High Energy Physics::Lattice, Computer Science::Information Retrieval, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Hadron, Scalar (mathematics), Perturbative QCD, Elementary particle, Gluon, Nuclear physics, Particle decay, High Energy Physics::Experiment
Abstract: We have measured the distributions of the jet energies in {ital e{sup +}e{sup {minus}}{r_arrow}q{bar q}g} events, and of the three orientation angles of the event plane, using hadronic {ital Z{sup 0}} decays collected in the SLD experiment at SLAC. We find that the data are well described by perturbative QCD incorporating vector gluons. We have also studied models of scalar and tensor gluon production and find them to be incompatible with our data. {copyright} {ital 1997} {ital The American Physical Society}
Published: 1997

22. A peri-Gondwanan arc-back arc complex in Iapetus; Early-Mid Ordovician evolution of the Exploits Group, Newfoundland

Author: H. S. Swinden, S. H. Williams, G. R. Dunning, B. H. O'brien, and F. H. C. O'brien
Subjects: Arc (geometry), Paleontology, ARC complex, Group (stratigraphy), Peri, Ordovician, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Geology
Published: 1997

23. First Measurement of the Left-Right Charge Asymmetry in HadronicZBoson Decays and a New Determination ofsin2θWeff

Author: K. Abe, I. Abt, T. Akagi, N. J. Allen, W. W. Ash, D. Aston, K. G. Baird, C. Baltay, H. R. Band, M. B. Barakat, G. Baranko, O. Bardon, T. L. Barklow, G. L. Bashindzhagyan, A. O. Bazarko, R. Ben-David, A. C. Benvenuti, G. M. Bilei, D. Bisello, G. Blaylock, J. R. Bogart, B. Bolen, T. Bolton, G. R. Bower, J. E. Brau, M. Breidenbach, W. M. Bugg, D. Burke, T. H. Burnett, P. N. Burrows, W. Busza, A. Calcaterra, D. O. Caldwell, D. Calloway, B. Camanzi, M. Carpinelli, R. Cassell, R. Castaldi, A. Castro, M. Cavalli-Sforza, A. Chou, E. Church, H. O. Cohn, J. A. Coller, V. Cook, R. Cotton, R. F. Cowan, D. G. Coyne, G. Crawford, A. D'Oliveira, C. J. S. Damerell, M. Daoudi, R. De Sangro, R. Dell'Orso, P. J. Dervan, M. Dima, D. N. Dong, P. Y. C. Du, R. Dubois, B. I. Eisenstein, R. Elia, E. Etzion, S. Fahey, D. Falciai, C. Fan, M. J. Fero, R. Frey, K. Furuno, T. Gillman, G. Gladding, S. Gonzalez, G. D. Hallewell, E. L. Hart, J. L. Harton, A. Hasan, Y. Hasegawa, K. Hasuko, S. Hedges, S. S. Hertzbach, M. D. Hildreth, J. Huber, M. E. Huffer, E. W. Hughes, H. Hwang, Y. Iwasaki, D. J. Jackson, P. Jacques, J. A. Jaros, A. S. Johnson, J. R. Johnson, R. A. Johnson, T. Junk, R. Kajikawa, M. Kalelkar, H. J. Kang, I. Karliner, H. Kawahara, H. W. Kendall, Y. D. Kim, M. E. King, R. King, R. R. Kofler, N. M. Krishna, R. S. Kroeger, J. F. Labs, M. Langston, A. Lath, J. A. Lauber, D. W. G. S. Leith, V. Lia, M. X. Liu, X. Liu, M. Loreti, A. Lu, H. L. Lynch, J. Ma, G. Mancinelli, S. Manly, G. Mantovani, T. W. Markiewicz, T. Maruyama, H. Masuda, E. Mazzucato, A. K. McKemey, B. T. Meadows, R. Messner, P. M. Mockett, K. C. Moffeit, T. B. Moore, D. Muller, T. Nagamine, S. Narita, U. Nauenberg, H. Neal, M. Nussbaum, Y. Ohnishi, L. S. Osborne, R. S. Panvini, C. H. Park, H. Park, T. J. Pavel, I. Peruzzi, M. Piccolo, L. Piemontese, E. Pieroni, K. T. Pitts, R. J. Plano, R. Prepost, C. Y. Prescott, G. D. Punkar, J. Quigley, B. N. Ratcliff, T. W. Reeves, J. Reidy, P. L. Reinertsen, P. E. Rensing, L. S. Rochester, P. C. Rowson, J. J. Russell, O. H. Saxton, T. Schalk, R. H. Schindler, B. A. Schumm, S. Sen, V. V. Serbo, M. H. Shaevitz, J. T. Shank, G. Shapiro, D. J. Sherden, K. D. Shmakov, C. Simopoulos, N. B. Sinev, S. R. Smith, M. B. Smy, J. A. Snyder, P. Stamer, H. Steiner, R. Steiner, M. G. Strauss, D. Su, F. Suekane, A. Sugiyama, S. Suzuki, M. Swartz, A. Szumilo, T. Takahashi, F. E. Taylor, E. Torrence, A. I. Trandafir, J. D. Turk, T. Usher, J. Va'vra, C. Vannini, E. Vella, J. P. Venuti, R. Verdier, P. G. Verdini, D. L. Wagner, S. R. Wagner, A. P. Waite, S. J. Watts, A. W. Weidemann, E. R. Weiss, J. S. Whitaker, S. L. White, F. J. Wickens, D. A. Williams, D. C. Williams, S. H. Williams, S. Willocq, R. J. Wilson, W. J. Wisniewski, M. Woods, G. B. Word, J. Wyss, R. K. Yamamoto, J. M. Yamartino, X. Yang, S. J. Yellin, C. C. Young, H. Yuta, G. Zapalac, R. W. Zdarko, and J. Zhou
Subjects: Physics, Particle physics, Particle decay, Electron–positron annihilation, media_common.quotation_subject, Hadron, General Physics and Astronomy, Weinberg angle, Elementary particle, Asymmetry, Boson, media_common
Abstract: We present the first measurement of the left-right charge asymmetry ${A}_{Q}^{\mathrm{obs}}$ in hadronic $Z$ boson decays. This was performed at ${E}_{\mathrm{c}.\mathrm{m}.}\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}=\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}91.27\mathrm{GeV}$ with the SLD at the SLAC Linear Collider with a polarized electron beam. Using 89 838 events we obtain ${A}_{Q}^{\mathrm{obs}}\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}=\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}0.225\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.056\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.019$, which leads to a measurement of the electron left-right asymmetry parameter, ${A}_{e}\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}=\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}0.162\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.041\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.014$, and ${sin}^{2}{\ensuremath{\theta}}_{W}^{\mathrm{eff}}\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}=\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}0.2297\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.0052\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.0018$. Also, the ${A}_{Q}^{\mathrm{obs}}$ measurement combined with the left-right cross section asymmetry determines ${A}_{e}$ independent of the value of the electron-beam polarization.
Published: 1997

24. Wind streaks: geological and botanical effects on surface albedo contrast

Author: James R. Zimbelman and S. H. Williams
Subjects: Cinder cone, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Streak, Albedo, Volcanic rock, Paleontology, Clastic rock, Aeolian processes, Alluvium, Sedimentary rock, Geomorphology, Geology, Earth-Surface Processes
Abstract: Two wind streaks in the eastern Mojave Desert of California were examined to gain insight into the origin of the surface brightness contrast that makes them visible, both on the ground and in remote sensing data. The two localities are: a 4-km-long dark streak oriented S43E from the Amboy cinder cone (34°32′N, 115°46′W), located on a Quaternary basalt flow covered with aeolian sand, and a 2-km-long dark streak oriented S22E from a low hill near the southwestern base of Sleeping Beauty Mountain (34°48′N, 116°20′W), located on a sand-covered alluvial surface. In both cases, the dark streaks have enhanced rock abundances on the streak surface, relative to the surroundings. At the Amboy streak, slope wash likely contributed to the rock concentration on the streak surface, shielded from burial under aeolian sand by the cinder cone. At the Sleeping Beauty streak, the relative albedo contrast is strongly emphasized by the presence of Big Galleta grass only outside of the streak. The albedo contrast of the Sleeping Beauty streak can be effectively eliminated by the seasonal presence of annual grass preferentially within the streak. Some plants may have reflectances that are strongly dependent upon viewing and illumination geometry, raising the possibility that certain terrestrial aeolian features may appear variable on a diurnal basis. Alluvial processes appear to have been important at both localities for redistributing surface materials, even given the infrequent rain conditions present in the Mojave Desert.
Published: 1996

25. First Study of Rapidity Gaps ine+e−Annihilation

Author: K. Abe, I. Abt, T. Akagi, N. J. Allen, W. W. Ash, D. Aston, K. G. Baird, C. Baltay, H. R. Band, M. B. Barakat, G. Baranko, O. Bardon, T. Barklow, G. L. Bashindzhagyan, A. O. Bazarko, R. Ben-David, A. C. Benvenuti, G. M. Bilei, D. Bisello, G. Blaylock, J. R. Bogart, T. Bolton, G. R. Bower, J. E. Brau, M. Breidenbach, W. M. Bugg, D. Burke, T. H. Burnett, P. N. Burrows, W. Busza, A. Calcaterra, D. O. Caldwell, D. Calloway, B. Camanzi, M. Carpinelli, R. Cassell, R. Castaldi, A. Castro, M. Cavalli-Sforza, A. Chou, E. Church, H. O. Cohn, J. A. Coller, V. Cook, R. Cotton, R. F. Cowan, D. G. Coyne, G. Crawford, A. D'Oliveira, C. J. S. Damerell, M. Daoudi, R. De Sangro, P. De Simone, R. Dell'Orso, P. J. Dervan, M. Dima, D. N. Dong, P. Y. C. Du, R. Dubois, B. I. Eisenstein, R. Elia, E. Etzion, D. Falciai, C. Fan, M. J. Fero, R. Frey, K. Furuno, T. Gillman, G. Gladding, S. Gonzalez, G. D. Hallewell, E. L. Hart, A. Hasan, Y. Hasegawa, K. Hasuko, S. Hedges, S. S. Hertzbach, M. D. Hildreth, J. Huber, M. E. Huffer, E. W. Hughes, H. Hwang, Y. Iwasaki, D. J. Jackson, P. Jacques, J. Jaros, A. S. Johnson, J. R. Johnson, R. A. Johnson, T. Junk, R. Kajikawa, M. Kalelkar, H. J. Kang, I. Karliner, H. Kawahara, H. W. Kendall, Y. Kim, M. E. King, R. King, R. R. Kofler, N. M. Krishna, R. S. Kroeger, J. F. Labs, M. Langston, A. Lath, J. A. Lauber, D. W. G. S. Leith, V. Lia, M. X. Liu, X. Liu, M. Loreti, A. Lu, H. L. Lynch, J. Ma, G. Mancinelli, S. Manly, G. Mantovani, T. W. Markiewicz, T. Maruyama, R. Massetti, H. Masuda, E. Mazzucato, A. K. McKemey, B. T. Meadows, R. Messner, P. M. Mockett, K. C. Moffeit, B. Mours, D. Muller, T. Nagamine, S. Narita, U. Nauenberg, H. Neal, M. Nussbaum, Y. Ohnishi, L. S. Osborne, R. S. Panvini, H. Park, T. J. Pavel, I. Peruzzi, M. Piccolo, L. Piemontese, E. Pieroni, K. T. Pitts, R. J. Plano, R. Prepost, C. Y. Prescott, G. D. Punkar, J. Quigley, B. N. Ratcliff, T. W. Reeves, J. Reidy, P. E. Rensing, L. S. Rochester, P. C. Rowson, J. J. Russell, O. H. Saxton, T. Schalk, R. H. Schindler, B. A. Schumm, S. Sen, V. V. Serbo, M. H. Shaevitz, J. T. Shank, G. Shapiro, D. J. Sherden, K. D. Shmakov, C. Simopoulos, N. B. Sinev, S. R. Smith, J. A. Snyder, P. Stamer, H. Steiner, R. Steiner, M. G. Strauss, D. Su, F. Suekane, A. Sugiyama, S. Suzuki, M. Swartz, A. Szumilo, T. Takahashi, F. E. Taylor, E. Torrence, A. I. Trandafir, J. D. Turk, T. Usher, J. Va'vra, C. Vannini, E. Vella, J. P. Venuti, R. Verdier, P. G. Verdini, S. R. Wagner, A. P. Waite, S. J. Watts, A. W. Weidemann, E. R. Weiss, J. S. Whitaker, S. L. White, F. J. Wickens, D. A. Williams, D. C. Williams, S. H. Williams, S. Willocq, R. J. Wilson, W. J. Wisniewski, M. Woods, G. B. Word, J. Wyss, R. K. Yamamoto, J. M. Yamartino, X. Yang, S. J. Yellin, C. C. Young, H. Yuta, G. Zapalac, R. W. Zdarko, C. Zeitlin, and J. Zhou
Subjects: Physics, Particle physics, Annihilation, Electron–positron annihilation, General Physics and Astronomy, Rapidity, Humanities
Abstract: K. Abe,20 K. Abe,30 I. Abt,14 T. Akagi,28 N. J. Allen,4 W. W. Ash,28,* D. Aston,28 K. G. Baird,25 C. Baltay,34 H. R. Band,33 M. B. Barakat,34 G. Baranko,10 O. Bardon,16 T. Barklow,28 G. L. Bashindzhagyan,19 A. O. Bazarko,11 R. Ben-David,34 A. C. Benvenuti,2 G. M. Bilei,23 D. Bisello,22 G. Blaylock,7 J. R. Bogart,28 T. Bolton,11 G. R. Bower,28 J. E. Brau,21 M. Breidenbach,28 W. M. Bugg,29 D. Burke,28 T. H. Burnett,32 P. N. Burrows,16 W. Busza,16 A. Calcaterra,13 D. O. Caldwell,6 D. Calloway,28 B. Camanzi,12 M. Carpinelli,24 R. Cassell,28 R. Castaldi,24,† A. Castro,22 M. Cavalli-Sforza,7 A. Chou,28 E. Church,32 H. O. Cohn,29 J. A. Coller,3 V. Cook,32 R. Cotton,4 R. F. Cowan,16 D. G. Coyne,7 G. Crawford,28 A. D’Oliveira,8 C. J. S. Damerell,26 M. Daoudi,28 R. De Sangro,13 P. De Simone,13 R. Dell’Orso,24 P. J. Dervan,4 M. Dima,9 D. N. Dong,16 P. Y. C. Du,29 R. Dubois,28 B. I. Eisenstein,14 R. Elia,28 E. Etzion,4 D. Falciai,23 C. Fan,10 M. J. Fero,16 R. Frey,21 K. Furuno,21 T. Gillman,26 G. Gladding,14 S. Gonzalez,16 G. D. Hallewell,28 E. L. Hart,29 A. Hasan,4 Y. Hasegawa,30 K. Hasuko,30 S. Hedges,3 S. S. Hertzbach,17 M. D. Hildreth,28 J. Huber,21 M. E. Huffer,28 E. W. Hughes,28 H. Hwang,21 Y. Iwasaki,30 D. J. Jackson,26 P. Jacques,25 J. Jaros,28 A. S. Johnson,3 J. R. Johnson,33 R. A. Johnson,8 T. Junk,28 R. Kajikawa,20 M. Kalelkar,25 H. J. Kang,27 I. Karliner,14 H. Kawahara,28 H. W. Kendall,16 Y. Kim,27 M. E. King,28 R. King,28 R. R. Kofler,17 N. M. Krishna,10 R. S. Kroeger,18 J. F. Labs,28 M. Langston,21 A. Lath,16 J. A. Lauber,10 D. W. G. S. Leith,28 V. Lia,16 M. X. Liu,34 X. Liu,7 M. Loreti,22 A. Lu,6 H. L. Lynch,28 J. Ma,32 G. Mancinelli,23 S. Manly,34 G. Mantovani,23 T. W. Markiewicz,28 T. Maruyama,28 R. Massetti,23 H. Masuda,28 E. Mazzucato,12 A. K. McKemey,4 B. T. Meadows,8 R. Messner,28 P. M. Mockett,32 K. C. Moffeit,28 B. Mours,28 D. Muller,28 T. Nagamine,28 S. Narita,30 U. Nauenberg,10 H. Neal,28 M. Nussbaum,8 Y. Ohnishi,20 L. S. Osborne,16 R. S. Panvini,31 H. Park,21 T. J. Pavel,28 I. Peruzzi,13,† M. Piccolo,13 L. Piemontese,12 E. Pieroni,24 K. T. Pitts,21 R. J. Plano,25 R. Prepost,33 C. Y. Prescott,28 G. D. Punkar,28 J. Quigley,16 B. N. Ratcliff,28 T. W. Reeves,31 J. Reidy,18 P. E. Rensing,28 L. S. Rochester,28 P. C. Rowson,11 J. J. Russell,28 O. H. Saxton,28 T. Schalk,7 R. H. Schindler,28 B. A. Schumm,15 S. Sen,34 V. V. Serbo,33 M. H. Shaevitz,11 J. T. Shank,3 G. Shapiro,15 D. J. Sherden,28 K. D. Shmakov,29 C. Simopoulos,28 N. B. Sinev,21 S. R. Smith,28 J. A. Snyder,34 P. Stamer,25 H. Steiner,15 R. Steiner,1 M. G. Strauss,17 D. Su,28 F. Suekane,30 A. Sugiyama,20 S. Suzuki,20 M. Swartz,28 A. Szumilo,32 T. Takahashi,28 F. E. Taylor,16 E. Torrence,16 A. I. Trandafir,17 J. D. Turk,34 T. Usher,28 J. Va’vra,28 C. Vannini,24 E. Vella,28 J. P. Venuti,31 R. Verdier,16 P. G. Verdini,24 S. R. Wagner,28 A. P. Waite,28 S. J. Watts,4 A. W. Weidemann,29 E. R. Weiss,32 J. S. Whitaker,3 S. L. White,29 F. J. Wickens,26 D. A. Williams,7 D. C. Williams,16 S. H. Williams,28 S. Willocq,34 R. J. Wilson,9 W. J. Wisniewski,28 M. Woods,28 G. B. Word,25 J. Wyss,22 R. K. Yamamoto,16 J. M. Yamartino,16 X. Yang,21 S. J. Yellin,6 C. C. Young,28 H. Yuta,30 G. Zapalac,33 R. W. Zdarko,28 C. Zeitlin,21 and J. Zhou21
Published: 1996

26. Obtaining physics results from the SLD CRID

Author: Robert Wilson, J. A. Coller, M Nussbaum, G. Hallewell, T. Bienz, P. Antilogus, W. Dunwoodie, A.K.S. Santha, R. Ben-David, J. S. Whitaker, R. A. Johnson, P.E. Rensing, Kazuo Hasegawa, T. Nagamine, D.C. Schultz, S. Willocq, P. Stamer, A. Bean, B. N. Ratcliff, Yeong-Dae Kwon, G Müller, D. Aston, J. Va'vra, J Snyder, M. Cavalli-Sforza, K. Abe, K.G. Baird, David A. Williams, Yukio Hasegawa, J. D. Turk, D. W. G. S. Leith, F. Suekane, Brian Meadows, E. P. Solodov, S. H. Williams, N. Toge, H. Yuta, D. G. Coyne, L. Mathys, S. Dasu, S. L. Shapiro, Y. Iwasaki, J. Huber, C. Simopoulos, C. Baltay, I. Stockdale, S. Manly, A. Lu, F. Bird, G. B. Word, James Shank, Dominik Müller, S. J. Yellin, S. Sen, M. Kalelkar, S. McHugh, David O. Caldwell, P.F. Jacques, H. Kawahara, T.J. Pavel, J. Duboscq, S. Narita, R.J. Plano, A.B. d'Oliveira, P. Coyle, X. Liu, J. Martinez, and M. Dima
Subjects: Nuclear physics, Momentum, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, law, Likelihood ratio method, Measuring instrument, Particle accelerator, Instrumentation, Particle detector, Particle identification, law.invention
Abstract: We describe the likelihood ratio method used for particle identification in the SLD CRID, which allows the use of the entire momentum range covered by the liquid and gas radiators, including the threshold regions. Its application to two preliminary physics analyses is also described.
Published: 1996

27. Operational status and performance of the SLD CRID

Author: S. Willocq, M. Cavalli-Sforza, J Snyder, P. Coyle, F. Suekane, Brian Meadows, Robert Wilson, S. Dasu, C. Baltay, M. Dima, T. Bienz, J. A. Coller, Y. Iwasaki, G. Muller, R.J. Plano, S. L. Shapiro, W. Dunwoodie, A. Bean, J. S. Whitaker, R. A. Johnson, E. P. Solodov, T. Nagamine, J. D. Turk, D.C. Schultz, Yeong-Dae Kwon, Y. Hasegawa, A. Lu, P.F. Jacques, H. Yuta, L. Mathys, M. Kalelkar, G. Hallewell, M. Nussbaum, Kazuo Hasegawa, D. Aston, K.G. Baird, S. J. Yellin, R. Ben-David, S. Sen, J. Huber, David A. Williams, H. Kawahara, D. W. G. S. Leith, C. Simopoulos, P. E. Stamer, I. Stockdale, P.E. Rensing, F. Bird, S. McHugh, D. G. Coyne, D. O. Caldwell, S. H. Williams, N. Toge, T.J. Pavel, P. Antilogus, Dominik Müller, S. Manly, James Shank, A.K.S. Santha, A.B. d'Oliveira, G. B. Word, J. Duboscq, S. Narita, J. Va'vra, B. N. Ratcliff, X. Liu, J. Martinez, and K. Abe
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, law, Particle accelerator, Instrumentation, Transparency (behavior), Engineering physics, law.invention
Abstract: The operation and performance of the SLD CRID achieved during the recently completed 1994–1995 run of the SLC will be discussed. Stable operation of liquid (C6F14) and gas (85% C5F12 and 15% N2) radiators with good UV transparency has been achieved. Our expectations for the future SLD physics program will also be briefly discussed.
Published: 1996

28. Field measurements of the flux and speed of wind-blown sand

Author: S. H. Williams, Ronald Greeley, and Dan G. Blumberg
Subjects: Meteorology, Anemometer, Stratigraphy, Saltation (geology), Trench, Atmospheric instability, Geology, Geometry, Shear velocity, Wind direction, Bin, Wind speed
Abstract: A field experiment was conducted to measure the flux and speed of wind-blown sand under known conditions in a natural setting. The experiment, run at Pismo Beach, California, involved a tract 100 m long (parallel with the wind) by 20 m wide. The site was instrumented with four arrays of anemometers to obtain wind velocity profiles through the lower atmospheric boundary-layer, temperature probes to determine atmospheric stability and wind vanes to determine wind direction. From these measurements, wind friction speeds were derived for each experimental run. In order to measure sand saltation flux, a trench 3 m long by 10 m wide (transverse to the wind direction) by 0·5 m deep was placed at the downwind end of the tract and lined with 168 collector bins, forming an ‘egg-box’ pattern. The mass of particles collected in each bin was determined for four experimental runs. In order to assess various sand-trap systems used in previous experiments, 12 Leatherman traps, one Fryberger trap and one array of Ames traps were deployed to collect particles concurrently with the trench collection. Particle velocities were determined from analysis of high-speed (3000 and 5000 frames per second) motion pictures and from a particle velocimeter. Sand samples were collected from the trench bins and the various sand traps and grain size distributions were determined. Fluxes for each run were calculated using various previously published expressions, and then compared with the flux derived from the trench collection. Results show that Bagnold's (1941) model and White's (1979) equation most closely agree with values derived from the trench. Comparison of the various collector systems shows that the Leatherman and Ames traps most closely agree with the flux derived from the trench, although these systems tended to under-collect particles. Particle speeds were measured from analysis of motion pictures for saltating particles in ascending and descending parts of their trajectories. Results show that particle velocities from the velocimeter are in the range 0·5–7·0 m s−1, compared to a wind friction velocity of 0·32–0·43 m s−1 and a wind velocity of 2·7–3·9 m s−1 at the height of the particle measurements. Descending particles tended to exceed the speeds of ascending particles by ∼ 0·5 m s−1.
Published: 1996

29. Measurements ofRbwith impact parameters and displaced vertices

Author: J. M. Yamartino, Elliot Hughes, G. Mancinelli, J. E. Brau, G. M. Bilei, G. R. Bower, James Shank, S. H. Williams, Andrea Castro, E. Church, T. Junk, O. H. Saxton, H. R. Band, P. De Simone, A. P. Waite, T. Bolton, C. Y. Prescott, J.P. Venuti, R.D. Elia, M. Carpinelli, A. Calcaterra, E. Torrence, C.J.S. Damerell, R. J. Wilson, A. S. Johnson, M. Loreti, John Scott Whitaker, G. E. Gladding, A. O. Bazarko, Y.D. Kim, R. Steiner, T. Akagi, S. Gonzalez, Gilbert Shapiro, C. J. Ahn, J. Huber, G. H. Zapalac, D. Su, R. Verdier, M. Nussbaum, S. Willocq, Fred Wickens, E. L. Hart, C. Baltay, L. Piemontese, R.J. Plano, H. Masuda, J. Wyss, M. Dima, H. M. Steiner, M. Piccolo, P. M. Mockett, G. Baranko, M. Langston, B. N. Ratcliff, Thomas W. Markiewicz, Enrico Pieroni, A. Lu, E. Etzion, S. Smith, S. F. Schaffner, C. Zeitlin, C. Simopoulos, O. Bardon, P. E. Stamer, B. A. Schumm, J. F. Labs, K.G. Baird, S. Hedges, David A. Williams, Timothy Barklow, A. K. McKemey, Zhihua Zhang, Roberto Dell'Orso, G. Blaylock, B. Camanzi, R. S. Panvini, D. L. Burke, D. Falciai, R. Cotton, I. Karliner, M. G. Strauss, W. M. Bugg, Richard Dubois, J. Quigley, M. Kalelkar, D. J. Jackson, A. Sugiyama, Minghui Liu, Wit Busza, H.J. Kang, J.J. Reidy, S. L. White, Stephen Robert Wagner, U. Schneekloth, B. I. Eisenstein, D. J. Sherden, J. Ma, T. W. Reeves, Koji Abe, P. C. Rowson, F. Suekane, Rino Castaldi, H. O. Cohn, R. Prepost, H. Yuta, P.F. Jacques, R. Massetti, J. Rothberg, I. Abt, R. Messner, D. W. G. S. Leith, R. H. Schindler, K.C. Moffeit, A. W. Weidemann, E. Vella, X. Yang, T.J. Pavel, D. C. Williams, N. B. Sinev, I. M. Peruzzi, E. Mazzucato, S. L. Shapiro, K. Furuno, Shiro Suzuki, A. Szumilo, G. D. Punkar, T. Schalk, V.V. Serbo, R. Frey, L.S. Rochester, Y. Iwasaki, T. L. Usher, F. E. Taylor, Yukio Hasegawa, T. Maruyama, T. Gillman, J. A. Snyder, H. Park, G. B. Word, M.E. Huffer, A.B. d'Oliveira, J. R. Bogart, D. G. Coyne, J. A. Coller, R. Kroeger, J. R. Johnson, R. Kajikawa, Martin Breidenbach, T. Bienz, R. Ben-David, Stephen Watts, Melody A. Swartz, J. Zhou, C. Vannini, M. Woods, J. J. Russell, L.S. Osborne, R. K. Yamamoto, Philip Burrows, R. E. Cassell, P.E. Rensing, H. L. Lynch, R. A. Johnson, V. Cook, R. de Sangro, W. J. Wisniewski, D. Aston, P.Y.C. Du, A. Seiden, G. Hallewell, S. J. Yellin, S. Manly, M.B. Barakat, R. Cowan, S. Sen, C. C. Young, N.M. Krishna, J. A. Jaros, M. Daoudi, Piero Giorgio Verdini, Dario Bisello, D. Calloway, Alberto Benvenuti, W. W. Ash, Michael J. Fero, E. R. Weiss, H. Kawahara, Tadayuki Takahashi, R. W. Zdarko, M.E. King, K.D. Shmakov, Giancarlo Mantovani, B. Mours, M. Cavalli-Sforza, B. T. Meadows, H. Hwang, R. King, M. H. Shaevitz, N.J. Allen, K. T. Pitts, J. Va’vra, Y. Ohnishi, M. D. Hildreth, D. O. Caldwell, X. Liu, S. S. Hertzbach, Henry W. Kendall, T. H. Burnett, Amitabh Lath, G. Muller, R. R. Kofler, J. A. Lauber, and J. D. Turk
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Interaction point, Pixel, Electron–positron annihilation, Vertex detector, Atomic physics, Impact parameter, Vertex (geometry)
Abstract: We present measurements of Rb using the SLD at the SLC. The analyses use 2D and 3D impact parameter tags and a displaced 3D vertex tag which all exploit the small size and stability of the e+e- interaction point and the precision 3D CCD pixel vertex detector to achieve high bb¯-tagging efficiencies and purities. The combined measurement yields Rb=0.229±0.011 and is consistent with standard model predictions.
Published: 1996

30. First Measurement of theT-Odd Correlation between theZ0Spin and the Three-Jet Plane Orientation in PolarizedZ0Decays into Three Jets

Author: K. Abe, I. Abt, C. J. Ahn, T. Akagi, N. J. Allen, W. W. Ash, D. Aston, K. G. Baird, C. Baltay, H. R. Band, M. B. Barakat, G. Baranko, O. Bardon, T. Barklow, A. O. Bazarko, R. Ben-David, A. C. Benvenuti, T. Bienz, G. M. Bilei, D. Bisello, G. Blaylock, J. R. Bogart, T. Bolton, G. R. Bower, J. E. Brau, M. Breidenbach, W. M. Bugg, D. Burke, T. H. Burnett, P. N. Burrows, W. Busza, A. Calcaterra, D. O. Caldwell, D. Calloway, B. Camanzi, M. Carpinelli, R. Cassell, R. Castaldi, A. Castro, M. Cavalli-Sforza, E. Church, H. O. Cohn, J. A. Coller, V. Cook, R. Cotton, R. F. Cowan, D. G. Coyne, A. D'Oliveira, C. J. S. Damerell, M. Daoudi, R. De Sangro, P. De Simone, R. Dell'Orso, M. Dima, P. Y. C. Du, R. Dubois, B. I. Eisenstein, R. Elia, D. Falciai, M. J. Fero, R. Frey, K. Furuno, T. Gillman, G. Gladding, S. Gonzalez, G. D. Hallewell, E. L. Hart, Y. Hasegawa, S. Hedges, S. S. Hertzbach, M. D. Hildreth, J. Huber, M. E. Huffer, E. W. Hughes, H. Hwang, Y. Iwasaki, D. J. Jackson, P. Jacques, J. Jaros, A. S. Johnson, J. R. Johnson, R. A. Johnson, T. Junk, R. Kajikawa, M. Kalelkar, H. J. Kang, I. Karliner, H. Kawahara, H. W. Kendall, Y. Kim, M. E. King, R. King, R. R. Kofler, N. M. Krishna, R. S. Kroeger, J. F. Labs, M. Langston, A. Lath, J. A. Lauber, D. W. G. Leith, M. X. Liu, X. Liu, M. Loreti, A. Lu, H. L. Lynch, J. Ma, G. Mancinelli, S. Manly, G. Mantovani, T. W. Markiewicz, T. Maruyama, R. Massetti, H. Masuda, T. S. Mattison, E. Mazzucato, A. K. McKemey, B. T. Meadows, R. Messner, P. M. Mockett, K. C. Moffeit, B. Mours, G. Müller, D. Muller, T. Nagamine, U. Nauenberg, H. Neal, M. Nussbaum, Y. Ohnishi, L. S. Osborne, R. S. Panvini, H. Park, T. J. Pavel, I. Peruzzi, M. Piccolo, L. Piemontese, E. Pieroni, K. T. Pitts, R. J. Plano, R. Prepost, C. Y. Prescott, G. D. Punkar, J. Quigley, B. N. Ratcliff, T. W. Reeves, J. Reidy, P. E. Rensing, L. S. Rochester, J. E. Rothberg, P. C. Rowson, J. J. Russell, O. H. Saxton, S. F. Schaffner, T. Schalk, R. H. Schindler, U. Schneekloth, B. A. Schumm, A. Seiden, S. Sen, V. V. Serbo, M. H. Shaevitz, J. T. Shank, G. Shapiro, S. L. Shapiro, D. J. Sherden, K. D. Shmakov, C. Simopoulos, N. B. Sinev, S. R. Smith, J. A. Snyder, P. Stamer, H. Steiner, R. Steiner, M. G. Strauss, D. Su, F. Suekane, A. Sugiyama, S. Suzuki, M. Swartz, A. Szumilo, T. Takahashi, F. E. Taylor, E. Torrence, J. D. Turk, T. Usher, J. Va'vra, C. Vannini, E. Vella, J. P. Venuti, R. Verdier, P. G. Verdini, S. R. Wagner, A. P. Waite, S. J. Watts, A. W. Weidemann, E. R. Weiss, J. S. Whitaker, S. L. White, F. J. Wickens, D. A. Williams, D. C. Williams, S. H. Williams, S. Willocq, R. J. Wilson, W. J. Wisniewski, M. Woods, G. B. Word, J. Wyss, R. K. Yamamoto, J. M. Yamartino, X. Yang, S. J. Yellin, C. C. Young, H. Yuta, G. Zapalac, R. W. Zdarko, C. Zeitlin, Z. Zhang, and J. Zhou
Subjects: Physics, Particle decay, Particle physics, Triple product, Electron–positron annihilation, Plane orientation, General Physics and Astronomy, Expectation value, Atomic physics
Abstract: We present the first measurement of the correlation between the {ital Z}{sup 0} spin and the event-plane orientation in polarized {ital Z}{sup 0} decays into three jets in the SLAC Linear Collider Large Detector experiment at SLAC utilizing a longitudinally polarized electron beam. The {ital CP}-even and {ital T}-odd triple product {ital {rvec S}}{sub {ital Z}}{center_dot}({ital {rvec k}}{sub 1}{times}{ital {rvec k}}{sub 2}), formed from the two fastest jet momenta {ital {rvec k}}{sub 1} and {ital {rvec k}}{sub 2} and the {ital Z}{sup 0} polarization vector {ital {rvec S}}{sub {ital Z}}, is sensitive to physics beyond the standard model. We measure the expectation value of this quantity to be consistent with zero and set 95% C.L. limits of {minus}0.022{lt}{beta}{lt}0.039 on the correlation. {copyright} {ital 1995} {ital The} {ital American} {ital Physical} {ital Society}.
Published: 1995

31. Measurement of the Left-Right Forward-Backward Asymmetry for Charm Quarks withD*+andD+Mesons

Author: E. Church, T. Junk, A. P. Waite, P. Stamer, I. M. Peruzzi, Gian Mario Bilei, R.J. Plano, E. R. Weiss, A. Seiden, R. Cotton, C. Y. Prescott, K.G. Baird, D. Falciai, W. J. Wisniewski, U. Nauenberg, M. Dima, David A. Williams, A. K. McKemey, S. Willocq, N.J. Allen, F. E. Taylor, J. R. Bogart, D. Su, D. L. Burke, U. Schneekloth, G. Blaylock, Alberto Benvenuti, W. M. Bugg, M. Piccolo, T. Schalk, R. Dubois, R. Messner, G. Mancinelli, P.Y.C. Du, F. Suekane, Brian Meadows, H. Kawahara, D. J. Sherden, C. C. Young, E. Vella, Y. Ohnishi, P. N. Burrows, A. Szumilo, D. W. G. S. Leith, Dario Bisello, S. R. Smith, Rafe Schindler, M. Daoudi, T. Bienz, R. K. Yamamoto, T. W. Reeves, Koji Abe, R. Prepost, M. J. Fero, Robert Wilson, H. M. Steiner, P.F. Jacques, J. J. Russell, X. Yang, D. C. Williams, R. Ben-David, J. A. Coller, A. S. Johnson, J. M. Yamartino, J. Zhou, R. Kroeger, B. Mours, A. O. Bazarko, M. G. Strauss, T. Akagi, J. S. Whitaker, L. Piemontese, M. Nussbaum, K. T. Pitts, S. J. Yellin, B. Camanzi, S. Sen, Enrico Pieroni, R. King, Shinzo Suzuki, C. Simopoulos, D. J. Jackson, Martin Breidenbach, J. A. Snyder, M. Langston, A. Lu, J. E. Brau, A. Calcaterra, T. Gillman, A. Lath, J.P. Venuti, J. F. Labs, A. W. Weidemann, O. Bardon, David O. Caldwell, C.J.S. Damerell, S. Manly, N.M. Krishna, B. N. Ratcliff, V. Cook, R. de Sangro, C. Fan, T.J. Pavel, B. A. Schumm, R. Frey, L. S. Osborne, R.D. Elia, R. W. Zdarko, R.A. Johnson, M.E. King, G. Hallewell, G. E. Gladding, T. Bolton, Timothy Barklow, J. Ma, E. W. Hughes, Zhihua Zhang, C. Baltay, H. Masuda, M. E. Huffer, J. R. Johnson, O. H. Saxton, E. Mazzucato, E. Torrence, V. V. Serbo, H. R. Band, Gilbert Shapiro, J. A. Jaros, M. Cavalli-Sforza, R. Verdier, E. L. Hart, S. H. Williams, R. S. Panvini, Y. Iwasaki, T. L. Usher, Wit Busza, M. Woods, Fred Wickens, H. Park, H. A. Neal, P. M. Mockett, J. Huber, K.C. Moffeit, M. D. Hildreth, G. R. Bower, James Shank, I. Karliner, Dominik Müller, Andrea Castro, K. Furuno, T. Maruyama, C. Vannini, P. De Simone, Michael H. Shaevitz, Yukio Hasegawa, M. Loreti, Roberto Dell'Orso, J. Va'vra, B. I. Eisenstein, D. G. Coyne, T. Nagamine, Y. Kim, R. Steiner, S. Gonzalez, A. Sugiyama, H. L. Lynch, J. Rothberg, I. Abt, D. Aston, D. Calloway, N. B. Sinev, S. Hedges, G. B. Word, M. Swartz, J. Wyss, C. Zeitlin, R. Kajikawa, G. H. Zapalac, M. Kalelkar, P. C. Rowson, H. Yuta, C. J. Ahn, Stephen Watts, M.B. Barakat, S. L. Shapiro, Rino Castaldi, H. O. Cohn, R. Massetti, G. D. Punkar, X. Liu, J. D. Turk, S. S. Hertzbach, L. S. Rochester, M. Carpinelli, Henry W. Kendall, W. W. Ash, R. E. Cassell, P.E. Rensing, T. H. Burnett, J. A. Lauber, R. Cowan, J. Quigley, T. Takahashi, Stephen Robert Wagner, G. Muller, R. R. Kofler, Piero Giorgio Verdini, Giancarlo Mantovani, H. Hwang, G. Baranko, S. L. White, A.B. d'Oliveira, and Thomas W. Markiewicz
Subjects: Physics, Particle physics, Meson, media_common.quotation_subject, Hadron, General Physics and Astronomy, Forward backward, Asymmetry, Charm quark, media_common
Abstract: We present a direct measurement of {ital A}{sub {ital c}}=2{ital v}{sub {ital c}}{ital a}{sub {ital c}}/({ital v}{sup 2}{sub {ital c}}+{ital a}{sup 2}{sub {ital c}}) from the left-right forward-backward asymmetry of {ital D}{sup *}+ and {ital D}{sup +} mesons in {ital Z}{sup 0} events produced with the longitudinally polarized SLAC Linear Collider beam. These {ital Z}{sup 0}{r_arrow}{ital c} over bar events are tagged on the basis of event kinematics and decay topology from a sample of hadronic {ital Z}{sup 0} decays recorded by the SLAC Large Detector. We measure {ital A}{sup 0}{sub {ital c}} = 0.73 {plus_minus} 0.22(stat) {plus_minus} 0.10(syst). {copyright} {ital 1995} {ital The} {ital American} {ital Physical} {ital Society}.
Published: 1995

32. Measurement of the AverageBHadron Lifetime inZ0Decays Using Reconstructed Vertices

Author: X. Yang, D. C. Williams, R. Ben-David, J. Zhou, Martin Breidenbach, Stephen Watts, M. D. Hildreth, J. Reidy, C. Y. Prescott, D. Su, U. Nauenberg, M. Piccolo, M.B. Barakat, Gian Mario Bilei, P. N. Burrows, M. G. Strauss, T. Akagi, R. Dubois, L. Piemontese, B. Camanzi, Robert Wilson, Enrico Pieroni, J. F. Labs, J. A. Coller, Dario Bisello, J. M. Yamartino, R. Cotton, E. Church, K. T. Pitts, T. Junk, Y. Ohnishi, I. M. Peruzzi, G. R. Bower, J. Quigley, T. Takahashi, James Shank, V. Cook, R. de Sangro, Michael J. Fero, Minghui Liu, S. Hedges, T. Nagamine, Andrea Castro, M. Nussbaum, T. Gillman, G. Hallewell, U. Schneekloth, S. Willocq, Y. Kim, Stephen Robert Wagner, R.J. Plano, V. V. Serbo, A. Sugiyama, D. Aston, A. Seiden, F. Suekane, Brian Meadows, N.J. Allen, D. Calloway, M. Carpinelli, S. F. Schaffner, S. L. Shapiro, K.D. Shmakov, W. J. Wisniewski, J. Ma, J. A. Snyder, F. E. Taylor, G. B. Word, J. R. Bogart, A. Lath, E. Torrence, H. J. Kang, D. Falciai, T. Bolton, Y. Iwasaki, T. L. Usher, H. Park, G. Blaylock, D. J. Sherden, B. Mours, Rafe Schindler, D. W. G. S. Leith, A. S. Johnson, Roberto Dell'Orso, H. A. Neal, C. Baltay, H. Masuda, J. Va'vra, R.D. Elia, G. E. Gladding, M. Swartz, W. W. Ash, Gilbert Shapiro, Shinzo Suzuki, M. Langston, A. I. Trandafir, O. Bardon, David O. Caldwell, A. P. Waite, H. L. Lynch, J. Rothberg, H. Kawahara, S. Manly, I. Abt, R. Verdier, J. Wyss, E. R. Weiss, R. E. Cassell, P.E. Rensing, Timothy Barklow, N. B. Sinev, E. L. Hart, T. H. Burnett, R. Cowan, C. Zeitlin, C. Fan, Wit Busza, R. Kajikawa, R. King, T.J. Pavel, D. J. Jackson, K. Furuno, R. W. Zdarko, B. A. Schumm, R. Frey, Yukio Hasegawa, G. H. Zapalac, M.E. King, S. R. Smith, T. W. Reeves, M. Kalelkar, Koji Abe, J. R. Johnson, P. Stamer, J. D. Turk, P. C. Rowson, H. Yuta, A. W. Weidemann, J. A. Lauber, L. S. Rochester, K.G. Baird, H. M. Steiner, David A. Williams, A. K. McKemey, R. Messner, E. Vella, A.C. Benvenuti, C. Simopoulos, A. Lu, X. Liu, Piero Giorgio Verdini, S. S. Hertzbach, J. A. Jaros, Zhihua Zhang, Rino Castaldi, H. O. Cohn, M. E. Huffer, Henry W. Kendall, Giancarlo Mantovani, R. Massetti, R. Prepost, H. Hwang, P.F. Jacques, G. D. Punkar, G. Muller, R. R. Kofler, A. Szumilo, D. L. Burke, K.C. Moffeit, W. M. Bugg, R. Kroeger, M. Cavalli-Sforza, M. Woods, G. Mancinelli, P.Y.C. Du, R. Steiner, M. Daoudi, S. Gonzalez, C. J. Ahn, A. O. Bazarko, J. E. Brau, Thomas W. Markiewicz, C. Vannini, A. Calcaterra, P. M. Mockett, P. De Simone, Michael H. Shaevitz, J. Huber, G. Baranko, M. Loreti, T. Maruyama, E. W. Hughes, S. L. White, S. H. Williams, I. Karliner, Dominik Müller, B. N. Ratcliff, B. I. Eisenstein, A.B. d'Oliveira, L. S. Osborne, R.A. Johnson, E. Mazzucato, D. G. Coyne, O. H. Saxton, H. R. Band, R. S. Panvini, Fred Wickens, C. C. Young, T. Schalk, S. J. Yellin, S. Sen, N.M. Krishna, R. K. Yamamoto, J. J. Russell, J. S. Whitaker, J.P. Venuti, C.J.S. Damerell, and M. Dima
Subjects: Nuclear physics, Physics, Particle decay, Particle physics, Maximum likelihood, Hadron, Decay length, General Physics and Astronomy, B meson
Abstract: We report a measurement of the average {ital B} hadron lifetime using data collected with the SLD detector at the SLAC Linear Collider in 1993. An inclusive analysis selected three-dimensional vertices with {ital B} hadron lifetime information in a sample of 50{times}10{sup 3} {ital Z}{sup 0} decays. A lifetime of 1.564{plus_minus}0.030(stat){plus_minus}0.036(syst) ps was extracted from the decay length distribution of these vertices using a binned maximum likelihood method. {copyright} {ital 1995} {ital The} {ital American} {ital Physical} {ital Society}.
Published: 1995

33. Comparison of a new calculation of energy-energy correlations withe+e−→ hadrons data at theZ0resonance

Author: K. Abe, I. Abt, C. J. Ahn, T. Akagi, N. J. Allen, W. W. Ash, D. Aston, K. G. Baird, C. Baltay, H. R. Band, M. B. Barakat, G. Baranko, O. Bardon, T. Barklow, A. O. Bazarko, R. Ben-David, A. C. Benvenuti, T. Bienz, G. M. Bilei, D. Bisello, G. Blaylock, J. R. Bogart, T. Bolton, G. R. Bower, J. E. Brau, M. Breidenbach, W. M. Bugg, D. Burke, T. H. Burnett, P. N. Burrows, W. Busza, A. Calcaterra, D. O. Caldwell, D. Calloway, B. Camanzi, M. Carpinelli, R. Cassell, R. Castaldi, A. Castro, M. Cavalli-Sforza, E. Church, H. O. Cohn, J. A. Coller, V. Cook, R. Cotton, R. F. Cowan, D. G. Coyne, A. D’Oliveira, C. J. S. Damerell, M. Daoudi, R. De Sangro, P. De Simone, R. Dell’Orso, M. Dima, P. Y. C. Du, R. Dubois, B. I. Eisenstein, R. Elia, D. Falciai, C. Fan, M. J. Fero, R. Frey, K. Furuno, T. Gillman, G. Gladding, S. Gonzalez, G. D. Hallewell, E. L. Hart, Y. Hasegawa, S. Hedges, S. S. Hertzbach, M. D. Hildreth, J. Huber, M. E. Huffer, E. W. Hughes, H. Hwang, Y. Iwasaki, D. J. Jackson, P. Jacques, J. Jaros, A. S. Johnson, J. R. Johnson, R. A. Johnson, T. Junk, R. Kajikawa, M. Kalelkar, I. Karliner, H. Kawahara, H. W. Kendall, Y. Kim, M. E. King, R. King, R. R. Kofler, N. M. Krishna, R. S. Kroeger, J. F. Labs, M. Langston, A. Lath, J. A. Lauber, D. W. G. Leith, X. Liu, M. Loreti, A. Lu, H. L. Lynch, J. Ma, G. Mancinelli, S. Manly, G. Mantovani, T. W. Markiewicz, T. Maruyama, R. Massetti, H. Masuda, E. Mazzucato, A. K. McKemey, B. T. Meadows, R. Messner, P. M. Mockett, K. C. Moffeit, B. Mours, G. Müller, D. Muller, T. Nagamine, U. Nauenberg, H. Neal, M. Nussbaum, Y. Ohnishi, L. S. Osborne, R. S. Panvini, H. Park, T. J. Pavel, I. Peruzzi, M. Piccolo, L. Piemontese, E. Pieroni, K. T. Pitts, R. J. Plano, R. Prepost, C. Y. Prescott, G. D. Punkar, J. Quigley, B. N. Ratcliff, T. W. Reeves, P. E. Rensing, L. S. Rochester, J. E. Rothberg, P. C. Rowson, J. J. Russell, O. H. Saxton, T. Schalk, R. H. Schindler, U. Schneekloth, B. A. Schumm, A. Seiden, S. Sen, V. V. Serbo, M. H. Shaevitz, J. T. Shank, G. Shapiro, S. L. Shapiro, D. J. Sherden, C. Simopoulos, N. B. Sinev, S. R. Smith, J. A. Snyder, P. Stamer, H. Steiner, R. Steiner, M. G. Strauss, D. Su, F. Suekane, A. Sugiyama, S. Suzuki, M. Swartz, A. Szumilo, T. Takahashi, F. E. Taylor, E. Torrence, J. D. Turk, T. Usher, J. Va’vra, C. Vannini, E. Vella, J. P. Venuti, R. Verdier, P. G. Verdini, S. R. Wagner, A. P. Waite, S. J. Watts, A. W. Weidemann, E. Weiss, J. S. Whitaker, S. L. White, F. J. Wickens, D. A. Williams, D. C. Williams, S. H. Williams, S. Willocq, R. J. Wilson, W. J. Wisniewski, M. Woods, G. B. Word, J. Wyss, R. K. Yamamoto, J. M. Yamartino, X. Yang, S. J. Yellin, C. C. Young, H. Yuta, G. Zapalac, R. W. Zdarko, C. Zeitlin, Z. Zhang, and J. Zhou
Subjects: Quantum chromodynamics, Physics, Particle physics, Crystallography, Annihilation, Electron–positron annihilation, Hadron, Resonance, Energy (signal processing)
Abstract: We have compared a new QCD calculation by Clay and Ellis of energy-energy correlations (EEC`s) and their asymmetry (AEEC`s) in {ital e}{sup +}{ital e}{sup {minus}} annihilation into hadrons with data collected by the SLD experiment at SLAC. From fits of the new calculation, complete at {ital O}({alpha}{sub {ital s}}{sup 2}), we obtained {alpha}{sub {ital s}}({ital M}{sub {ital Z}}{sup 2})=0.1184{plus_minus}0.0031(expt){plus_minus}0.0129(theory) (EEC) and {alpha}{sub {ital s}}({ital M}{sub {ital Z}}{sup 2})=0.1120{plus_minus}0.0034(expt){plus_minus}0.0036(theory) (AEEC). The EEC result is significantly lower than that obtained from comparable fits using the {ital O}({alpha}{sub {ital s}}{sup 2}) calculation of Kunszt and Nason.
Published: 1995

34. Aeolian saltation transport rate: an example of the effect of sediment supply

Author: Jeffrey A. Lee and S. H. Williams
Subjects: Traction (geology), Hydrology, Ecology, Saltation (geology), Aeolian processes, Surface runoff, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Geology, Earth-Surface Processes
Abstract: The channel of the Whitewater River near Palm Springs, California, is an excellent location to assess the effect of sand supply and mobility on the quantity of material moved by aeolian saltation. Saltation fluxes at the site taken by Sharp (1964) were compared to the fluxes that would have been produced under ideal conditions for the spectrum of winds inferred for the site. The discrepancy between the two fluxes is, in general, consistent with whose observed elsewhere for similar surfaces. Variations are linked to runoff in the Whitewater River and, hence, the supply of fresh sand.
Published: 1995

35. Measurement of the Parity-Violation ParameterAbfrom the Left-Right Forward-Backward Asymmetry ofbQuark Production inZ0Decays Using a Momentum-Weighted Track-Charge Technique

Author: D. J. Sherden, D. W. G. S. Leith, Roberto Dell'Orso, G. R. Bower, P. C. Rowson, James Shank, Andrea Castro, Stephen Watts, A. Szumilo, C. Y. Prescott, J. Va'vra, H. Yuta, Shinzo Suzuki, M. Langston, T. Schalk, O. Bardon, David O. Caldwell, Timothy Barklow, T. Maruyama, D. Su, K.C. Moffeit, H. L. Lynch, J. Rothberg, I. Abt, M. Dima, G. Shapiro, C. Baltay, H. Masuda, M.B. Barakat, R. Kroeger, G. Mancinelli, P.Y.C. Du, W. J. Wisniewski, E. Church, T. Junk, M. Piccolo, F. E. Taylor, S. Dasu, R. King, S. Hedges, N. B. Sinev, Rino Castaldi, H. O. Cohn, T. Bienz, R. Massetti, R. K. Yamamoto, D. Falciai, G. D. Punkar, S. Manly, J. R. Bogart, A. S. Johnson, A. W. Weidemann, J. A. Lauber, Wit Busza, J. M. Yamartino, T. Bolton, B. Camanzi, G. B. Word, R. Steiner, R.J. Plano, S. Gonzalez, J. Quigley, T. Takahashi, C. J. Ahn, C. Simopoulos, A. Lu, R. W. Zdarko, M.E. King, M. Cavalli-Sforza, J. J. Russell, B. Mours, Stephen Robert Wagner, M. Woods, C. C. Young, X. Yang, J. S. Whitaker, M. Swartz, M. G. Strauss, M. E. Huffer, D. C. Williams, R. Ben-David, T. Akagi, P. Stamer, L. Piemontese, Rafe Schindler, T. Nagamine, Robert Wilson, J. A. Snyder, R. A. Johnson, J. Zhou, Enrico Pieroni, Y. Kim, J. A. Coller, J. A. Jaros, R. Kajikawa, A. Lath, C. Vannini, Michael J. Fero, G. H. Zapalac, J. F. Labs, A. Sugiyama, D. Aston, K. T. Pitts, K.G. Baird, R. E. Cassell, A. P. Waite, P. De Simone, Michael H. Shaevitz, P.E. Rensing, L. Pescara, J. D. Turk, Martin Breidenbach, S. L. Shapiro, S. J. Yellin, David A. Williams, E. L. Hart, S. Willocq, M. Loreti, A. K. McKemey, D. Calloway, J.P. Venuti, M. Carpinelli, J. E. Brau, T. H. Burnett, G. Blaylock, Gian Mario Bilei, A. Calcaterra, B. A. Schumm, V. Cook, R. de Sangro, S. Sen, R. Cowan, R. Messner, V. V. Serbo, L. S. Rochester, P. M. Mockett, E. Vella, G. Hallewell, J. Huber, H. Steiner, L. S. Osborne, N.M. Krishna, W. W. Ash, R. Cotton, H. A. Neal, M. D. Hildreth, O. H. Saxton, X. Liu, S. R. Smith, R. Dubois, I. Karliner, Dominik Müller, T. W. Reeves, S. S. Hertzbach, E. W. Hughes, S. H. Williams, H. R. Band, B. I. Eisenstein, Henry W. Kendall, Koji Abe, Y. Ohnishi, K. Furuno, R. S. Panvini, G. Muller, R. R. Kofler, Fred Wickens, U. Schneekloth, J. Wyss, Yukio Hasegawa, C. Zeitlin, D. G. Coyne, F. Suekane, Brian Meadows, M. Kalelkar, R.D. Elia, G. E. Gladding, A.C. Benvenuti, T. Gillman, E. Torrence, A. Seiden, H. Kawahara, C. Fan, T.J. Pavel, R. Frey, J. R. Johnson, R. Prepost, P.F. Jacques, G. Baranko, S. L. White, A.B. d'Oliveira, U. Nauenberg, P. N. Burrows, Dario Bisello, Y. Iwasaki, T. L. Usher, H. Park, A. O. Bazarko, M. Nussbaum, C.J.S. Damerell, B. N. Ratcliff, Nicola Bacchetta, I. M. Peruzzi, E. Mazzucato, Thomas W. Markiewicz, J. Ma, D. L. Burke, W. M. Bugg, Piero Giorgio Verdini, Giancarlo Mantovani, and H. Hwang
Subjects: Physics, Quark, Particle physics, Particle decay, media_common.quotation_subject, Electron–positron annihilation, General Physics and Astronomy, Parity (physics), Impact parameter, Polarization (waves), Asymmetry, Bottom quark, media_common
Abstract: Using an impact parameter tag to select an enriched sample of {ital Z}{sup 0}{r_arrow}{ital bb}{ovr bar} events, and the net momentum-weighted track charge to identify the sign of the charge of the underlying {ital b} quark, we have measured the left-right forward-backward asymmetry for {ital b} quark production as a function of polar angle. Based on 1.8pb{sup {minus}1} of {ital Z}{sup 0} decay data produced with a mean electron beam polarization of {ital P}{sub {ital e}}=63%, this yields a direct measurement of the extent of parity violation in the {ital Zbb} coupling of {ital A}{sub {ital b}}=0.87{plus_minus}0.11(stat){plus_minus}0.09(syst).
Published: 1995

36. Polarized Bhabha Scattering and a Precision Measurement of the Electron Neutral Current Couplings

Author: C. Fan, T.J. Pavel, C. Simopoulos, R. Frey, M. Dima, A. Lu, G. M. Bilei, G. R. Bower, J. R. Johnson, James Shank, R. E. Cassell, P.E. Rensing, Andrea Castro, S. Dasu, M. E. Huffer, Robert Wilson, J. A. Coller, K. T. Pitts, V. Cook, R. de Sangro, G. Hallewell, T. H. Burnett, J. Wyss, K. Furuno, Yukio Hasegawa, D. Falciai, R. Cowan, C. Zeitlin, R. Kajikawa, Rafe Schindler, H. Steiner, D. G. Coyne, I. M. Peruzzi, E. Mazzucato, R. Ben-David, J. Zhou, T. Bolton, R. Dubois, C. C. Young, G. H. Zapalac, M. Kalelkar, A. Seiden, H. A. Neal, K.C. Moffeit, G. Shapiro, B. Camanzi, R. Steiner, P.Y.C. Du, B. Mours, S. Gonzalez, E. L. Hart, G. Blaylock, S. J. Yellin, Alberto Benvenuti, C. J. Ahn, R.D. Elia, G. E. Gladding, C. Y. Prescott, S. Sen, Y. Ohnishi, W. J. Wisniewski, J. E. Brau, N.M. Krishna, A. S. Johnson, H. Kawahara, A. O. Bazarko, A. Calcaterra, Y. Iwasaki, T. L. Usher, J.P. Venuti, H. Park, F. E. Taylor, T. Maruyama, D. J. Sherden, J. M. Yamartino, C.J.S. Damerell, J. R. Bogart, C. Baltay, H. Masuda, J. Quigley, T. Takahashi, B. N. Ratcliff, R. King, T. Gillman, T. Nagamine, E. W. Hughes, S. H. Williams, D. W. G. S. Leith, C. Vannini, P. De Simone, Michael H. Shaevitz, L. Pescara, S. Hedges, Stephen Robert Wagner, D. Su, Y. Kim, M. Carpinelli, P. Stamer, M. Loreti, Wit Busza, A. P. Waite, D. L. Burke, O. H. Saxton, W. M. Bugg, M. Piccolo, M. Cavalli-Sforza, A. Sugiyama, G. B. Word, M. Nussbaum, D. Aston, R. Cotton, H. R. Band, Shinzo Suzuki, Nicola Bacchetta, M. Woods, V. V. Serbo, Thomas W. Markiewicz, U. Schneekloth, E. Torrence, Rino Castaldi, H. O. Cohn, R. Massetti, D. Calloway, M. Langston, O. Bardon, David O. Caldwell, M. G. Strauss, T. Akagi, L. Piemontese, F. Suekane, G. Baranko, G. D. Punkar, J. D. Turk, W. W. Ash, Brian Meadows, B. A. Schumm, Enrico Pieroni, M. Swartz, R. S. Panvini, S. L. White, L. S. Rochester, Timothy Barklow, S. R. Smith, J. F. Labs, T. W. Reeves, Koji Abe, T. Schalk, Michael J. Fero, X. Yang, K.G. Baird, J. Ma, Fred Wickens, D. C. Williams, A.B. d'Oliveira, David A. Williams, A. K. McKemey, S. Willocq, U. Nauenberg, M. D. Hildreth, S. L. Shapiro, T. Bienz, Martin Breidenbach, Roberto Dell'Orso, R. K. Yamamoto, Stephen Watts, Piero Giorgio Verdini, P. N. Burrows, Dario Bisello, J. Va'vra, Giancarlo Mantovani, P. C. Rowson, H. Hwang, J. J. Russell, R. Messner, M.B. Barakat, L.S. Osborne, J. A. Snyder, J. S. Whitaker, H. L. Lynch, J. Rothberg, R. A. Johnson, H. Yuta, I. Abt, E. Vella, N. B. Sinev, G. Mancinelli, E. Church, T. Junk, R.J. Plano, S. Manly, R. W. Zdarko, M.E. King, R. Prepost, P.F. Jacques, X. Liu, S. S. Hertzbach, Henry W. Kendall, A. W. Weidemann, Amitabh Lath, G. Muller, R. R. Kofler, J. A. Lauber, J. A. Jaros, A. Szumilo, R. Kroeger, P. M. Mockett, J. Huber, I. Karliner, Dominik Müller, B. I. Eisenstein, Abe, K, Abt, I, Ahn, C, Akagi, T, Ash, W, Aston, D, Bacchetta, N, Baird, K, Baltay, C, Band, H, Barakat, M, Baranko, G, Bardon, O, Barklow, T, Bazarko, A, Bendavid, R, Benvenuti, A, Bienz, T, Bilei, G, Bisello, D, Blaylock, G, Bogart, J, Bolton, T, Bower, G, Brau, J, Breidenbach, M, Bugg, W, Burke, D, Burnett, T, Burrows, P, Busza, W, Calcaterra, A, Caldwell, D, Calloway, D, Camanzi, B, Carpinelli, M, Cassell, R, Castaldi, R, Castro, A, Cavallisforza, M, Church, E, Cohn, H, Coller, J, Cook, V, Cotton, R, Cowan, R, Coyne, D, Doliveira, A, Damerell, C, Dasu, S, Desangro, R, Desimone, P, Dellorso, R, Dima, M, Du, P, Dubois, R, Eisenstein, B, Elia, R, Falciai, D, Fan, C, Fero, M, Frey, R, Furuno, K, Gillman, T, Gladding, G, Gonzalez, S, Hallewell, G, Hart, E, Hasegawa, Y, Hedges, S, Hertzbach, S, Hildreth, M, Huber, J, Huffer, M, Hughes, E, Hwang, H, Iwasaki, Y, Jacques, P, Jaros, J, Johnson, A, Johnson, J, Johnson, R, Junk, T, Kajikawa, R, Kalelkar, M, Karliner, I, Kawahara, H, Kendall, H, Kim, Y, King, M, King, R, Kofler, R, Krishna, N, Kroeger, R, Labs, J, Langston, M, Lath, A, Lauber, J, Leith, D, Liu, X, Loreti, M, Lu, A, Lynch, H, Ma, J, Mancinelli, G, Manly, S, Mantovani, G, Markiewicz, T, Maruyama, T, Massetti, R, Masuda, H, Mazzucato, E, Mckemey, A, Meadows, B, Messner, R, Mockett, P, Moffeit, K, Mours, B, Muller, G, Muller, D, Nagamine, T, Nauenberg, U, Neal, H, Nussbaum, M, Ohnishi, Y, Osborne, L, Panvini, R, Park, H, Pavel, T, Peruzzi, I, Pescara, L, Piccolo, M, Piemontese, L, Pieroni, E, Pitts, K, Plano, R, Prepost, R, Prescott, C, Punkar, G, Quigley, J, Ratcliff, B, Reeves, T, Rensing, P, Rochester, L, Rothberg, J, Rowson, P, Russell, J, Saxton, O, Schalk, T, Schindler, R, Schneekloth, U, Schumm, B, Seiden, A, Sen, S, Serbo, V, Shaevitz, M, Shank, J, Shapiro, G, Shapiro, S, Sherden, D, Simopoulos, C, Sinev, N, Smith, S, Snyder, J, Stamer, P, Steiner, H, Steiner, R, Strauss, M, Su, D, Suekane, F, Sugiyama, A, Suzuki, S, Swartz, M, Szumilo, A, Takahashi, T, Taylor, F, Torrence, E, Turk, J, Usher, T, Vavra, J, Vannini, C, Vella, E, Venuti, J, Verdini, P, Wagner, S, Waite, A, Watts, S, Weidemann, A, Whitaker, J, White, S, Wickens, F, Williams, D, Williams, S, Willocq, S, Wilson, R, Wisniewski, W, Woods, M, Word, G, Wyss, J, Yamamoto, R, Yamartino, J, Yang, X, Yellin, S, Young, C, Yuta, H, Zapalac, G, Zdarko, R, Zeitlin, C, and Zhou, J
Subjects: 010302 applied physics, Physics, Coupling, Particle physics, Neutral current, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, FOS: Physical sciences, General Physics and Astronomy, Resonance, Weinberg angle, Electron, 01 natural sciences, Physics::History of Physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Standard Model, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), 0103 physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Bhabha scattering
Abstract: We present the first measurement of the left-right asymmetry in Bhabha scattering with a polarized electron beam. The effective electron vector and axial vector couplings to the Z0 are extracted from a combined analysis of the polarized Bhabha scattering data and the left-right asymmetry previously published by this collaboration., PHYZZX, 17 pages, SLAC-PUB-6605
Published: 1995

37. Measurement of the Parity-Violation ParametersAbandAcfrom the Left-Right Forward-Backward Asymmetry of Leptons in Hadronic Events at theZ0Resonance

Author: C. Y. Prescott, G. R. Bower, James Shank, D. Su, Andrea Castro, D. Falciai, J.P. Venuti, C.J.S. Damerell, M. Dima, L. S. Osborne, M. Piccolo, E. Church, T. Junk, J. A. Snyder, A. Lath, M. Nussbaum, A. P. Waite, A. Seiden, R.J. Plano, Rino Castaldi, H. O. Cohn, R. Massetti, H. A. Neal, O. H. Saxton, G. Blaylock, R.D. Elia, G. E. Gladding, G. D. Punkar, C. Baltay, H. Masuda, Shinzo Suzuki, J. Ma, H. R. Band, Rafe Schindler, Alberto Benvenuti, M. Langston, O. Bardon, T. Gillman, Wit Busza, U. Nauenberg, R. Ben-David, David O. Caldwell, R. S. Panvini, Fred Wickens, H. Kawahara, S. Hedges, G. B. Word, Robert Wilson, T. Schalk, C. C. Young, X. Yang, J. Zhou, D. C. Williams, J. Quigley, T. Takahashi, Timothy Barklow, Stephen Robert Wagner, J. A. Coller, E. Torrence, J. E. Brau, A. Calcaterra, K. T. Pitts, T. Bienz, R. K. Yamamoto, S. Dasu, S. J. Yellin, S. Sen, P. N. Burrows, Dario Bisello, L. Pescara, N.M. Krishna, J. D. Turk, Martin Breidenbach, T. Nagamine, M. Carpinelli, M. Swartz, A. S. Johnson, V. Cook, R. de Sangro, J. J. Russell, R. King, J. M. Yamartino, Roberto Dell'Orso, L. S. Rochester, K. Furuno, G. Hallewell, J. Va'vra, Y. Iwasaki, T. L. Usher, Yukio Hasegawa, R. Kajikawa, H. Park, J. S. Whitaker, E. W. Hughes, H. L. Lynch, S. H. Williams, J. Rothberg, I. Abt, Y. Kim, D. J. Sherden, R. A. Johnson, G. H. Zapalac, D. G. Coyne, C. Fan, A. Sugiyama, W. W. Ash, D. Aston, D. W. G. S. Leith, B. Mours, N. B. Sinev, T.J. Pavel, T. Maruyama, Gian Mario Bilei, R. Frey, R. Prepost, V. V. Serbo, R. Cotton, P.F. Jacques, J. R. Johnson, D. Calloway, P. C. Rowson, R. E. Cassell, P.E. Rensing, U. Schneekloth, H. Yuta, F. Suekane, Brian Meadows, T. H. Burnett, B. A. Schumm, R. Steiner, R. Cowan, S. Gonzalez, C. J. Ahn, H. Steiner, M. D. Hildreth, J. Wyss, C. Zeitlin, B. Camanzi, M. Kalelkar, K.C. Moffeit, G. Shapiro, R. Messner, A. O. Bazarko, E. Vella, M. G. Strauss, T. Akagi, L. Piemontese, S. R. Smith, T. W. Reeves, Koji Abe, B. N. Ratcliff, Enrico Pieroni, P. Stamer, J. F. Labs, K.G. Baird, David A. Williams, A. K. McKemey, T. Bolton, I. M. Peruzzi, E. Mazzucato, S. Manly, R. W. Zdarko, M.E. King, E. L. Hart, Stephen Watts, M.B. Barakat, C. Vannini, M. Cavalli-Sforza, D. L. Burke, P. De Simone, Michael H. Shaevitz, W. M. Bugg, S. L. Shapiro, M. Loreti, M. Woods, C. Simopoulos, G. Mancinelli, P.Y.C. Du, A. Lu, G. Baranko, S. L. White, A. W. Weidemann, M. E. Huffer, A.B. d'Oliveira, J. A. Jaros, P. M. Mockett, J. Huber, Piero Giorgio Verdini, I. Karliner, Dominik Müller, B. I. Eisenstein, A. Szumilo, Giancarlo Mantovani, M. J. Fero, R. Kroeger, H. Hwang, J. A. Lauber, G. Muller, R. R. Kofler, X. Liu, S. S. Hertzbach, Henry W. Kendall, Nicola Bacchetta, Thomas W. Markiewicz, S. Willocq, R. Dubois, Y. Ohnishi, W. J. Wisniewski, F. E. Taylor, and J. R. Bogart
Subjects: Quark, Physics, Particle decay, Particle physics, Electron–positron annihilation, media_common.quotation_subject, Hadron, General Physics and Astronomy, Parity (physics), Electron, Asymmetry, media_common, Lepton
Abstract: The parity-violating parameters ${A}_{b}$ and ${A}_{c}$ are directly measured by the SLD experiment at the SLAC Linear Collider in ${e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ collisions with polarized electrons at the ${Z}^{0}$ resonance. Leptons with distinctive total and transverse momenta are used to select and analyze ${Z}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}b\overline{b}$ and ${Z}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}c\overline{c}$ events. ${A}_{b}$ and ${A}_{c}$ are extracted by forming the left-right forward-backward asymmetry in electron beam polarization and quark polar angle. From our 1993 sample of 1.8 p${\mathrm{b}}^{--1}$ of ${Z}^{0}$ decay data with an average electron beam polarization of 63% we find ${A}_{b}\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}=\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}0.91\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.14$ (stat) $\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.07$ (syst) and ${A}_{c}\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}=\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}0.37\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.23$ (stat) $\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.21$ (syst).
Published: 1995

38. A subaerial arthropod trackway from the Upper Silurian Clam Bank Formation of Newfoundland

Author: Derek E. G. Briggs, S. H. Williams, L. Quinn, and J. L. Wright
Subjects: Paleontology, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, biology, Peninsula, Subaerial, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Trackway, Arthropod, biology.organism_classification, Port (computer networking), Geology
Abstract: Trackways are reported for the first time from Silurian rocks in Newfoundland. They occur in the Clam Bank Formation of the Port au Port Peninsula. At least one of the trackways represents one of the earliest known occurrences of a large subaerial arthropod trace fossil. It is preserved in hyporelief in a red fine-grained sandstone. The trackway, Diplichnites Dawson, 1873, consists of two parallel series of clearly defined imprints. It is attributed to a myriapod similar to the Lower Devonian Eoarthropleura. The sandstone contains halite pseudomorphs that indicate that the sediment horizon had been subject to desiccation immediately prior to the formation of the trackway. The arthropod walked on a red siltstone deposited in an alluvial flats environment. Analysis of the trackway suggests that the arthropod was approximately 23 cm long and had 17 pairs of walking appendages. It appears that a high-geared gait with a ratio of forestroke:backstroke of 8:2 was used in walking across the substrate, that is, approximately 20% of walking appendages were in contact with the substrate at any one time. This rapid gait, and the lack of a body drag mark, indicates that the arthropod was well adapted to subaerial locomotion. Knowledge of modern myriapod gaits has been used to extrapolate a theoretical trail, which compares well with the fossil trackway. Smaller, less well preserved trackways occur elsewhere in the Clam Bank Formation and may have been made by a similar arthropod.
Published: 1995

39. Search for Jet Handedness in HadronicZ0Decays

Author: Stephen Watts, C. Baltay, H. Masuda, C. Vannini, P. De Simone, Michael H. Shaevitz, J. M. Yamartino, M. Loreti, J. Quigley, T. Takahashi, Stephen Robert Wagner, Wit Busza, R.D. Elia, G. E. Gladding, R. Prepost, M.B. Barakat, Y. Hasegawa, M. Carpinelli, J. Wyss, J.P. Venuti, Piero Giorgio Verdini, P. C. Rowson, P.F. Jacques, R. E. Cassell, P.E. Rensing, O. H. Saxton, H. R. Band, Amitabh Lath, G. Muller, R. R. Kofler, C.J.S. Damerell, W. W. Ash, H. Yuta, P. M. Mockett, J. Huber, C. Zeitlin, R. Steiner, C. Y. Prescott, Giancarlo Mantovani, T. H. Burnett, H. Hwang, S. Gonzalez, M. Cavalli-Sforza, C. J. Ahn, M. Nussbaum, T. Gillman, R. Cowan, M. Dima, R. S. Panvini, C. Simopoulos, I. M. Peruzzi, E. Mazzucato, D. Su, M. Woods, K. Furuno, Fred Wickens, C. Fan, M. Piccolo, G. Baranko, L. Pescara, J. D. Turk, T.J. Pavel, H. Steiner, S. Dasu, B. Camanzi, A. Lu, V. V. Serbo, J. E. Brau, A. Calcaterra, M. E. Huffer, S. L. White, T. Schalk, I. Karliner, Dominik Müller, R. Frey, E. Torrence, S. Willocq, L. S. Rochester, D. J. Sherden, B. Mours, B. I. Eisenstein, J. A. Lauber, E. W. Hughes, T. Bienz, R. K. Yamamoto, D. Falciai, R. King, D. W. G. S. Leith, A.B. d'Oliveira, T. Bolton, M. Kalelkar, D. G. Coyne, J. R. Johnson, S. H. Williams, A. Szumilo, J. J. Russell, S. Manly, B. A. Schumm, S. Hedges, S. L. Shapiro, G. B. Word, J. S. Whitaker, R. A. Johnson, K.C. Moffeit, G. Shapiro, R. W. Zdarko, M.E. King, C. C. Young, G. Mancinelli, P.Y.C. Du, J. Ma, E. L. Hart, J. A. Snyder, H. A. Neal, Rafe Schindler, X. Yang, P. Stamer, M. J. Fero, R. Kroeger, Shinzo Suzuki, M. Langston, S. R. Smith, W. J. Wisniewski, O. Bardon, Gian Mario Bilei, T. W. Reeves, Koji Abe, Robert Wilson, D. C. Williams, Roberto Dell'Orso, M. Swartz, M. D. Hildreth, David O. Caldwell, A. P. Waite, X. Liu, S. S. Hertzbach, J. A. Coller, J. Va'vra, A. S. Johnson, A. Seiden, Rino Castaldi, U. Nauenberg, K.G. Baird, Henry W. Kendall, David A. Williams, F. E. Taylor, S. J. Yellin, H. O. Cohn, A. K. McKemey, S. Sen, K. T. Pitts, R. Massetti, R. Cotton, R. Messner, Timothy Barklow, N.M. Krishna, E. Vella, G. Blaylock, G. D. Punkar, Martin Breidenbach, J. R. Bogart, V. Cook, R. Kajikawa, R. de Sangro, L. S. Osborne, H. L. Lynch, J. Rothberg, G. Hallewell, U. Schneekloth, I. Abt, P. N. Burrows, M. G. Strauss, T. Akagi, N. B. Sinev, G. H. Zapalac, Alberto Benvenuti, G. R. Bower, F. Suekane, Brian Meadows, James Shank, Dario Bisello, Andrea Castro, L. Piemontese, H. Kawahara, A. W. Weidemann, E. Church, T. Nagamine, T. Junk, T. Maruyama, Y. Iwasaki, T. L. Usher, Enrico Pieroni, Y. Kim, R.J. Plano, H. Park, J. F. Labs, A. O. Bazarko, R. Ben-David, A. Sugiyama, D. Aston, Nicola Bacchetta, J. Zhou, Thomas W. Markiewicz, J. A. Jaros, R. Dubois, D. Calloway, Y. Ohnishi, B. N. Ratcliff, D. L. Burke, and W. M. Bugg
Subjects: Quark, Physics, Particle physics, Computer Science::Information Retrieval, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, media_common.quotation_subject, Hadron, General Physics and Astronomy, Elementary particle, Fermion, Polarization (waves), Asymmetry, Nuclear physics, Particle decay, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Boson, media_common
Abstract: We have searched for signatures of polarization in hadronic jets from [ital Z][sup 0][r arrow][ital q[bar q]] decays using the jet handedness'' method. The polar angle asymmetry induced by the high SLAC Linear Collider electron-beam polarization was used to separate quark jets from antiquark jets, expected to be left and right polarized, respectively. We find no evidence for jet handedness in our global sample or in a sample of light quark jets, and we set upper limits at the 95% C.L. of 0.063 and 0.099, respectively, on the magnitude of the analyzing power of the method proposed by Efremov [ital et] [ital al].
Published: 1995

40. Windblown sand on Venus: The effect of high atmospheric density

Author: Ronald Greeley and S. H. Williams
Subjects: Bedform, Atmospheric models, biology, Venus, Atmospheric sciences, biology.organism_classification, Wind speed, Atmosphere of Venus, Geophysics, Saltation (geology), General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Aeolian processes, Sediment transport, Geology
Abstract: The high density of the venusian atmosphere significantly affects aeolian saltation transport and may also allow rapid alterations in the radar backscatter cross-section of the surface. Saltation flux experiments were conducted under terrestrial and simulated venusian conditions to assess the effect of atmospheric density on aeolian transport of sediment. Total lane flux, the vertical distribution of saltating particles, and the average horizontal component of particle speed were measured and used to estimate the volumetric concentration of particles above the surface. Results show that so many particles are set into motion when wind speeds exceed a critical value that mid-air collisions are a common result, a condition termed 'choked' saltation. When choking occurs, there is a reduction in the rate at which the total saltation flux increases with increasing wind speed at least in part due to a reduction in the mean horizontal speed of the particles. Choked saltation on Venus may result in a reduction of the local aeolian erosion rate, the obliteration of aeolian bedforms, and rapid alteration of surface radar backscatter characteristics.
Published: 1994

41. Measurement ofαsfrom energy-energy correlations at theZ0resonance

Author: G. Baranko, S. L. White, E. Church, T. Junk, S. Hedges, R. S. Panvini, A. W. Weidemann, R. J. Belcinski, W. J. Wisniewski, R.J. Plano, L.S. Rochester, Y. Iwasaki, T. L. Usher, H. Park, S. J. Yellin, N.M. Krishna, R. Prepost, P.F. Jacques, M. Kowitt, Piero Giorgio Verdini, M. Pauluzzi, J. D. Richman, Giancarlo Mantovani, J. Va’vra, H. Hwang, D. G. Hitlin, D. J. Sherden, T. Nagamine, Nicola Bacchetta, D. O. Caldwell, R. S. Kofler, D. W. G. S. Leith, Koya Abe, G. Eigen, A. D'Oliverira, P. Coyle, E. Torrance, Roberto Battiston, C. Baltay, A. S. Johnson, H. Masuda, P. C. Rowson, Philip Burrows, H. Yuta, J. M. Yamartino, W. A. Majid, Stephen Watts, J. A. Coller, Shiro Suzuki, T. Hansl-Kozanecka, M. Nussbaum, G. Mueller, J. Carr, S. Smith, Wit Busza, K. T. Pitts, Melody A. Swartz, P. Saez, R. Steiner, G. Blaylock, S. Gonzalez, J.P. Venuti, B. Camanzi, Hyun-Chul Kim, J. A. Snyder, D. J. Mellor, G. Mancinelli, P. M. Mockett, M. Langston, A. Lu, M. H. Kelsey, I. Stockdale, O. Bardon, Maurizio Biasini, D. L. Burke, C.J.S. Damerell, R. J. Wilson, Michael S. Witherell, S. Kaiser, Michael J. Fero, J. Ma, G. Agnew, B. Meadows, R. Cotton, X. Liu, W. M. Bugg, S. S. Hertzbach, V. Cook, R. de Sangro, Joseph Izen, K. Furuno, M. Carpinelli, G. H. Zapalac, Yukio Hasegawa, K.C. Moffeit, U. Schneekloth, I. Karliner, M. G. Strauss, Dominik Müller, L. Servoli, T. Maruyama, J.I. Friedman, A. Seiden, M. Cavalli-Sforza, G. Hallewell, Henry W. Kendall, G. B. Word, Elliot Hughes, F. Suekane, S. L. Shapiro, J. Wyss, C. C. Young, U. Nauenberg, G. M. Bilei, G. R. Bower, L. Chen, D. G. Coyne, T. H. Burnett, James Shank, Amitabh Lath, A. Gillman, J. J. Thaler, R. Claus, R. K. Yamamoto, B. I. Eisenstein, C. Zeitlin, M. H. Shaevitz, Andrea Castro, A. K. Honma, R.D. Elia, M. D. Hildreth, G. E. Gladding, O. H. Saxton, T. Bolton, R. H. Schindler, Sridhara Dasu, Roberto Dell'Orso, H. R. Band, A. Szumilo, L. Piemontese, Gilbert Shapiro, Thomas W. Markiewicz, J. Rothberg, I. Abt, Alberto Benvenuti, M. Kalelkar, R. Verdier, W. W. Ash, Enrico Pieroni, E. L. Hart, H. Kawahara, Fred Wickens, R. Kroeger, J. E. Brau, P. Zucchelli, Dario Bisello, J. F. Labs, S. Willocq, A. Calcaterra, A. O. Bazarko, T. Schalk, J. F. McGowan, T. W. Reeves, H. L. Lynch, H. M. Steiner, C. Vannini, S. H. Williams, N. Toge, D.C. Schultz, T. Bienz, A. Sugiyama, P. De Simone, M.D. Sokoloff, R. King, J. J. Russell, Y. C. Du, J. A. Lauber, W. Dunwoodie, L.S. Osborne, M. Loreti, J. A. Jaros, John Scott Whitaker, J. Quigley, D. Aston, R. A. Johnson, A. Santocchia, T. Takahashi, L. Rosenson, F. E. Taylor, D. Calloway, Stephen Robert Wagner, B. N. Ratcliff, C. Simopoulos, M.E. Huffer, J. R. Bogart, P. E. Stamer, C. Fan, T.J. Pavel, R. Frey, S. De Simone, F. Perrier, G. B. Chadwick, J. R. Johnson, R. Kajikawa, P. D. Acton, P. C. Kim, I. M. Peruzzi, R. E. Cassell, P.E. Rensing, R. Cowan, A. Bean, Yeong-Dae Kwon, A. P. Waite, K.G. Baird, B. Mours, David A. Williams, A. K. McKemey, B. A. Schumm, J. D. Turk, S. Manly, H. A. Neal, Richard Dubois, Michele Gallinaro, R. W. Zdarko, M.E. King, R. Messner, E. Vella, J. Huber, M. Petradza, M. Turcotte, R. Ben-David, J. Zhou, M. Woods, Rino Castaldi, H. O. Cohn, G. D. Punkar, M. Tecchio, R. J. Morrison, L. Pescara, D. C. Williams, Martin Breidenbach, C. Y. Prescott, D. Su, E. Mazzuícato, M. Piccolo, and K. Hasegawa
Subjects: Coupling constant, Physics, Quantum chromodynamics, Statistics::Theory, Particle physics, Statistics::Applications, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Computer Science::Information Retrieval, Electron–positron annihilation, Hadron, General Physics and Astronomy, Elementary particle, Coupling (probability), 01 natural sciences, Standard Model, Nuclear physics, Particle decay, 0103 physical sciences, Order (group theory), High Energy Physics::Experiment, Perturbation theory, 010306 general physics, Energy (signal processing), Boson
Abstract: We determine the strong coupling ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\alpha}}}_{\mathit{s}}$ from a comprehensive study of energy-energy correlations (EEC's) and their asymmetry (AEEC's) in hadronic decays of ${\mathit{Z}}^{0}$ bosons collected by the SLD experiment at SLAC. The data are compared with all four available predictions of QCD calculated up to O(${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\alpha}}}_{\mathit{s}}^{2}$) in perturbation theory, and also with a resummed calculation matched to all four of these calculations. We find large discrepancies between ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\alpha}}}_{\mathit{s}}$ values extracted from the different O(${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\alpha}}}_{\mathit{s}}^{2}$) calculations. We also find a large renormalization scale ambiguity in ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\alpha}}}_{\mathit{s}}$ determined from the EEC's using the O(${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\alpha}}}_{\mathit{s}}^{2}$) calculations; this ambiguity is reduced in the case of the AEEC's and is very small when the matched calculations are used. Averaging over all calculations, and over the EEC and AEEC results, we obtain ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\alpha}}}_{\mathit{s}}$(${\mathit{M}}_{\mathit{Z}}^{2}$)=0.${124}_{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}0.004}^{+0.003}$ (expt.) \ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.009 (theory).
Published: 1994

42. Results from the SLD barrel CRID detector

Author: T. Nagamine, D.C. Schultz, F. Bird, T.J. Pavel, X. Liu, J. Martinez, R.J. Plano, S. McHugh, G. B. Word, James Shank, S. Willocq, Y. Hasegawa, P. Coyle, M. Kalelkar, M. Nussbaum, Koji Abe, C. Simopoulous, E. P. Solodov, Y. Kwon, H. Yuta, L. Mathys, Kazuo Hasegawa, D. W. G. S. Leith, S. H. Williams, N. Toge, A. Lu, J. Duboscq, J. A. Snyder, F. Suekane, Brian Meadows, A. Bean, A.B. d'Oliveira, I. Stockdale, Dominik Müller, R. Ben-David, David O. Caldwell, D. G. Coyne, S. L. Shapiro, T. Bienz, P.F. Jacques, S. Yellin, G. Muller, H. Kawahara, W. Dunwoodie, S. Dolinsky, M. Cavalli-Sforza, J. S. Whitaker, R. A. Johnson, B. N. Ratcliff, S. Dasu, Y. Iwasaki, J. Huber, J. Va'vra, M.D. Sokoloff, Robert Wilson, J. A. Coller, G. Hallewell, P. Antilogus, A.K.S. Santha, D. Aston, P.E. Rensing, P. Stamer, K.G. Baird, J. D. Turk, David A. Williams, and S. Manly
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Detector, Particle accelerator, Particle detector, Linear particle accelerator, law.invention, Nuclear physics, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, law, Measuring instrument, Radiator (engine cooling), Angular resolution, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Cherenkov radiation
Abstract: We report on operational experience with and experimental performance of the SLD barrel Cherenkov Ring Imaging Detector from the 1992 and 1993 physics runs. The liquid (C/sub 6/F/sub 14/) and gas (C/sub 5/F/sub 12/) radiator recirculation systems have performed well, and the drift gas supply system has operated successfully with TMAE for three years. Cherenkov rings have been observed from both the liquid and gas radiators. The number and angular resolution of Cherenkov photons have been measured, and found to be close to design specifications. >
Published: 1994

43. Precise Measurement of the Left-Right Cross Section Asymmetry inZBoson Production bye+e−Collisions

Author: R. E. Cassell, P.E. Rensing, T. H. Burnett, C. C. Young, R. Cowan, M. Nussbaum, R. Kajikawa, S. J. Yellin, G. H. Zapalac, S. Sen, L. S. Osborne, Y. Hasegawa, J.P. Venuti, Roberto Dell'Orso, N.M. Krishna, J. Va'vra, C.J.S. Damerell, G. M. Bilei, G. R. Bower, R. Ben-David, James Shank, Andrea Castro, J. Ma, H. L. Lynch, S. Hedges, J. Rothberg, I. Abt, J. Zhou, G. B. Word, R. King, A. P. Waite, J. Duboscq, M. Swartz, A. S. Johnson, C. Y. Prescott, O. Bardon, C. Baltay, M. Carpinelli, H. Masuda, C. Fan, T.J. Pavel, P. C. Rowson, H. Yuta, U. Nauenberg, B. A. Schumm, R. Frey, S. De Simone, T. Maruyama, R. Steiner, D. Su, T. Schalk, Wit Busza, S. Gonzalez, T. Gillman, F. J. Decker, J. Huber, J. R. Johnson, B. Camanzi, Shinzo Suzuki, M. Piccolo, M. Langston, O. H. Saxton, G. Mancinelli, H. R. Band, David O. Caldwell, E. Torrence, H. A. Neal, P. N. Burrows, R. Prepost, J. Wyss, Dario Bisello, T. Nagamine, T. Bienz, R. K. Yamamoto, R. Cotton, P.F. Jacques, L. Pescara, X. Liu, D.C. Schultz, P. Emma, S. S. Hertzbach, J. Quigley, J. D. Turk, J. J. Russell, Y. C. Du, T. Takahashi, K. Furuno, A. Sugiyama, R. S. Panvini, Fred Wickens, C. Zeitlin, A. Seiden, D. Aston, Stephen Robert Wagner, Y. Iwasaki, T. L. Usher, Henry W. Kendall, J. S. Whitaker, D. Calloway, T. Limberg, R. A. Johnson, R. Messner, D. G. Coyne, R. Castaldi, H. Park, E. Church, J. A. Lauber, T. Junk, Alberto Benvenuti, U. Schneekloth, B. Mours, L. S. Rochester, H. Kawahara, E. Vella, J. E. Brau, A. Calcaterra, M. D. Hildreth, D. C. Williams, G. Muller, H. M. Steiner, F. Suekane, Brian Meadows, R. R. Kofler, D. J. Sherden, Stephen Watts, D. W. G. S. Leith, I. M. Peruzzi, E. W. Hughes, S. H. Williams, E. L. Garwin, Martin Breidenbach, S. Dasu, M. Kalelkar, Rafe Schindler, M.B. Barakat, W. J. Wisniewski, Robert Wilson, R.D. Elia, G. E. Gladding, J. A. Coller, K. T. Pitts, V. Cook, R. de Sangro, H. O. Cohn, G. Hallewell, J. R. Bogart, G. D. Punkar, R.J. Plano, S. Manly, J. M. Yamartino, M. Woods, R. W. Zdarko, M.E. King, J. A. Snyder, R. Dubois, P. Stamer, J. F. McGowan, A. Lath, Yeong-Dae Kwon, T. Barklow, M. H. Kelsey, K.G. Baird, David A. Williams, A. K. McKemey, G. Blaylock, S. Willocq, W. W. Ash, Michael Sokoloff, Joseph Izen, T. Bolton, Gilbert Shapiro, E. L. Hart, S. R. Smith, T. W. Reeves, Koji Abe, Nicola Bacchetta, Thomas W. Markiewicz, Piero Giorgio Verdini, Giancarlo Mantovani, G. Baranko, H. Hwang, D. G. Hitlin, E. Mazzucato, S. L. White, A.B. d'Oliveira, C. Simopoulos, F. E. Taylor, A. Lu, M. G. Strauss, L. Piemontese, Enrico Pieroni, J. F. Labs, M. E. Huffer, A. O. Bazarko, M. Cavalli-Sforza, B. N. Ratcliff, D. L. Burke, W. M. Bugg, P. De Simone, Michael H. Shaevitz, M. Loreti, K.C. Moffeit, R. S. Kroeger, A. W. Weidemann, J. A. Jaros, P. M. Mockett, I. Karliner, Dominik Müller, B. I. Eisenstein, A. Szumilo, M. J. Fero, and C. Vannini
Subjects: Physics, Particle physics, Cabibbo–Kobayashi–Maskawa matrix, media_common.quotation_subject, Electron–positron annihilation, Hadron, General Physics and Astronomy, Elementary particle, Weinberg angle, Asymmetry, Nuclear physics, Particle decay, TheoryofComputation_ANALYSISOFALGORITHMSANDPROBLEMCOMPLEXITY, media_common, Boson
Abstract: We present a precise measurement of the left-right cross section asymmetry ([ital A][sub [ital L][ital R]]) for [ital Z] boson production by [ital e][sup +][ital e][sup [minus]] collisions. The measurement was performed at a center-of-mass energy of 91.26 GeV with the SLD detector at the SLAC Linear Collider (SLC). The luminosity-weighted average polarization of the SLC electron beam was (63.0[plus minus]1.1)%. Using a sample of 49 392 [ital Z] decays, we measure [ital A][sub [ital L][ital R]] to be 0.1628[plus minus]0.0071(stat)[plus minus]0.0028(syst) which determines the effective weak mixing angle to be sin[sup 2][theta][sub [ital W]][sup eff]=0.2292[plus minus]0.0009(stat) [plus minus]0.0004(syst).
Published: 1994

44. Dust Deposits on Mars: The 'Parna' Analog

Author: S. H. Williams and Ronald Greeley
Subjects: Space and Planetary Science, Word meaning, Geochemistry, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Lacustrine deposits, Mars Exploration Program, Silt, Mars surface, Geology, Mantle (geology), Grain size
Abstract: Parna is an Autralian aboriginal word meaning 'sandy dust'. It has been applied to deposits of clay, silt, and sand which were initially transported by the wind as aggregates, or pellets, of sand size. Parna is distinguished by its silt and clay content, which in some cases exceeds 85% of the total volume of the deposit. Much of the fine-grained playa silt and clay is incorporated into the parna as sand-sized aggregates, which greatly facilitate their transportation and reworking by the wind. Rain following aggregate emplacement can cause their disintegration, rendering the parna immobile by the wind, yet some pellets can survive several wetting/drying episodes. Parna deposits on Earth occur both as dune forms and as sheet deposits which mantle older terrains. In both cases the deposits are typically derived from lacustrine (lake) beds, such as playas. There is substantial evidence to suggest that bodies of water existed on Mars in the past. Thus, the potential is high for lacustrine deposits and the formation of parna on Mars. Although no parna dunes have been identified, it is suggested that the deposits derived from White Rock (-8 deg, 335 deg W), near Mamers Valles (34 deg, 343 deg W), and elsewhere on Mars may represent sheet parna. Data obtained from Mars-94/96 missions and potential landed spacecraft may provide additional evidence for the existence of parna on Mars.
Published: 1994

45. Measurement of the charged multiplicity ofZ0→bb¯ events

Author: Amitabh Lath, M. Tecchio, L. Pescara, G. Muller, J. D. Turk, R. R. Kofler, Stephen Watts, J. Huber, M. Turcotte, Philip Burrows, Rino Castaldi, H. O. Cohn, G. D. Punkar, R. Prepost, S. McHugh, J. M. Yamartino, Roberto Battiston, J. Wyss, P. De Simone, B. Farhat, W. A. Majid, M. Langston, J. E. Brau, A. Calcaterra, M. Loreti, John Scott Whitaker, D. J. Mellor, P.Y.C. Du, H. A. Neal, E. Erdos, P.F. Jacques, P. C. Rowson, J. A. Coller, C. Zeitlin, O. Bardon, M.B. Barakat, H. Yuta, Michael S. Witherell, R.D. Elia, C. Fan, T.J. Pavel, R. Frey, Richard Dubois, S. De Simone, P. Saez, F. Perrier, G. E. Gladding, K. T. Pitts, L. Servoli, Melody A. Swartz, K.C. Moffeit, Joseph Izen, Elliot Hughes, S. H. Williams, T. W. Reeves, Koji Abe, A. Bean, N. Toge, G. M. Bilei, G. R. Bower, M. Kalelkar, J. R. Johnson, James Shank, R. Kajikawa, W. J. Wisniewski, Andrea Castro, A. Gillman, A. Lu, M. D. Hildreth, O. H. Saxton, J. A. Lauber, S. J. Yellin, P. Zucchelli, H. R. Band, L. Piemontese, S. Sen, Maurizio Biasini, B. Mours, N.M. Krishna, R. Shypit, D. J. Sherden, Fred Wickens, Enrico Pieroni, V. Cook, D. W. G. S. Leith, R. de Sangro, S. Manly, A. W. Weidemann, Thomas W. Markiewicz, T. Hansl-Kozanecka, R. Ben-David, J. Zhou, J. F. Labs, G. Hallewell, A. P. Waite, M. Woods, A. S. Johnson, A. Seiden, Sridhara Dasu, I. Stockdale, T. Bolton, C. Baltay, H. Masuda, D.C. Schultz, C. C. Young, J. Quigley, S. L. Shapiro, T. Takahashi, M. Zolotorev, R. Steiner, S. Gonzalez, S. Rousakov, B. N. Ratcliff, Gilbert Shapiro, A. K. Honma, D. Aston, B. A. Schumm, X. Liu, R. Verdier, E. L. Hart, Michele Gallinaro, R. W. Zdarko, C. Simopoulos, J. Duboscq, S. S. Hertzbach, Alberto Benvenuti, Roberto Dell'Orso, D. Calloway, Wit Busza, M.E. King, H. Kawahara, P. E. Stamer, G. H. Zapalac, S. Willocq, T. Maruyama, G. B. Word, Henry W. Kendall, C. Vannini, H. M. Steiner, R. King, Shiro Suzuki, R. S. Panvini, R. E. Cassell, P.E. Rensing, M. Carpinelli, J. Rothberg, I. Abt, K. Furuno, L. Rosenson, L. Chen, B. I. Eisentein, R. Cowan, Yukio Hasegawa, J. J. Thaler, R. Claus, R. K. Yamamoto, D. G. Coyne, S. Smith, Yeong-Dae Kwon, W. W. Ash, G. Blaylock, B. Camanzi, R. Cotton, S. Hedges, K.G. Baird, R. J. Belcinski, David A. Williams, A. K. McKemey, U. Schneekloth, F. Suekane, R. Messner, E. Vella, M. Petradza, H. L. Lynch, P. M. Mockett, I. Karliner, M. G. Strauss, Dominik Müller, R. H. Schindler, A. Szumilo, R. Kroeger, Hyun-Chul Kim, J. A. Snyder, M. H. Kelsey, G. Mancinelli, E. Church, T. Junk, M. Nussbaum, E. Torrence, R.J. Plano, A. O. Bazarko, Piero Giorgio Verdini, J. Ma, M. Pauluzzi, P. Coyle, L.S. Rochester, J. D. Richman, Y. Iwasaki, T. L. Usher, H. Park, Giancarlo Mantovani, H. Hwang, U. Nauenberg, D. G. Hitlin, Dario Bisello, I. M. Peruzzi, E. Mazzucato, J. Va’vra, J. Carr, D. L. Burke, W. M. Bugg, T. Nagamine, Nicola Bacchetta, D. O. Caldwell, T. Schalk, G. Baranko, D. C. Williams, S. L. White, A.B. d'Oliveira, T. Bienz, J. J. Russell, L.S. Osborne, R. A. Johnson, Martin Breidenbach, J.P. Venuti, C.J.S. Damerell, R. J. Wilson, C. Y. Prescott, D. Su, M. Piccolo, K. Hasegawa, J. F. McGowan, A. Sugiyama, F. E. Taylor, M.E. Huffer, J. R. Bogart, G. B. Chadwick, Michael J. Fero, J.I. Friedman, M. Cavalli-Sforza, B. T. Meadows, M. D. Sokoloff, M. H. Shaevitz, and T. H. Burnett
Subjects: Physics, Combinatorics, General Physics and Astronomy, Multiplicity (mathematics)
Abstract: Using an impact parameter tag to select an enriched sample of [ital Z][sup 0][r arrow][ital b[bar b]] events, we have measured the difference between the average charged multiplicity of [ital Z][sup 0][r arrow][ital b[bar b]] and [ital Z][sup 0][r arrow] hadrons to be [ital [bar n]][sub [ital b]][minus][ital [bar n]][sub had]=2.24[plus minus]0.30 ( stat )[plus minus]0.33 ( syst ) tracks per event. From this, we have derived [ital [bar n]][sub [ital b]][minus][ital [bar n]][sub [ital u][ital d][ital s]]=3.31[plus minus]0.41[plus minus]0.79. Comparing this measurement with those at lower center-of-mass energies, we find no evidence that [ital [bar n]][sub [ital b]][minus][ital [bar n]][sub [ital u][ital d][ital s]] depends on energy. This result is in agreement with a precise prediction of perturbative QCD, and supports the notion that QCD remains asymptotically free down to the scale [ital M][sub [ital b]][sup 2].
Published: 1994

46. Performance of the CRID at SLD

Author: Robert Wilson, Suliana Manley, G. Hallewell, D. W. G. S. Leith, S. McHugh, F. Suekane, A. Lu, James Shank, R.J. Plano, T. Bienz, J. Coller, P.E. Rensing, W. Dunwoodie, S. Dolinsky, P. Coyle, P. Antilogus, K. Hasegawa, J. S. Whitaker, R. A. Johnson, B. N. Ratcliff, G. Muller, A.K.S. Santha, Y. Hasegawa, D. Aston, S. Dasu, Y. Iwasaki, M. Kalelkar, Koya Abe, D. G. Coyne, X. Liu, F. Bird, B. Meadows, S. H. Williams, J. Va'vra, P. Stamer, Yeong-Dae Kwon, N. Toge, E. P. Solodov, J. D. Turk, H. Yuta, L. Mathys, K.G. Baird, David A. Williams, C. Simopoulos, S. J. Yellin, R. Ben-David, I. Stockdale, D.C. Schultz, G. B. Word, D.O. Caldwell, J. Huber, Dominik Müller, A. Bean, J. Duboscq, S. L. Shapiro, P.F. Jacques, Tadashi Nagamine, T.J. Pavel, M. Cavalli-Sforza, H. Kawahara, M.D. Sokoloff, A.B. d'Oliveira, J. A. Snyder, J. Martinez, and M. Nussbaum
Subjects: Nuclear physics, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Ring (mathematics), law, Detector, Particle accelerator, Instrumentation, Cherenkov radiation, law.invention
Abstract: This paper describes the performance of a large 4π Cherenkov Ring Imaging Detector (CRID) in the SLD experiment at the SLC at SLAC. We compare the most recent SLD results with those obtained during the R&D period, discuss various design features, and highlight some specific lessons derived from three years of operation.
Published: 1994

47. Desert Pavement Evolution: An Example of the Role of Sheetflood

Author: James R. Zimbelman and S. H. Williams
Subjects: Geochemistry, Aeolian processes, Geology, Basalt flow, Desert pavement, Lateral movement, Geomorphology, Mantle (geology)
Abstract: Patches of young, well-developed desert pavement were found atop bare rock on the Pisgah basalt flow, California. These particular stone mosaics formed directly atop the flow; no soil is present, or ever has been. Therefore, soil expansion and aeolian processes played no significant role in their creation or maintenance. The unusual setting at Pisgah allows sheetflood to be the sole agent responsible for the lateral movement of surface stones into these mosaics. The Pisgah mosaics thus represent an end-member case of desert pavement types, and they may represent a previously unrecognized initial substage of accretionary mantle formation.
Published: 1994

48. Performance of the SLD barrels CRID during the 1992 physics data run

Author: F. Bird, P.E. Rensing, T.J. Pavel, A. Lu, F. Suekane, J. Huber, P.F. Jacques, Dominik Müller, N. Toge, T. Nagamine, D.C. Schultz, J. D. Turk, Kazuo Hasegawa, S. Dasu, Y. Iwasaki, D. Aston, X. Liu, G. Muller, J. Martinez, M. Cavalli-Sforza, B. T. Meadows, M. D. Sokoloff, H. Kawahara, R.J. Plano, Yukio Hasegawa, J. Va’vra, G. B. Word, S. Manly, D. G. Coyne, M. Nussbaum, S. H. Williams, P. Coyle, D. O. Caldwell, E. P. Solodov, H. Yuta, L. Mathys, R. Ben-David, A.B. d'Oliveira, J. A. Snyder, A. Bean, S. J. Yellin, I. Stockdale, S. L. Shapiro, Y. Kwon, K.G. Baird, David A. Williams, M. Kalelkar, J. Duboscq, B. N. Ratcliff, C. Simopoulos, P. E. Stamer, T. Bienz, W. Dunwoodie, S. Dolinsky, J. S. Whitaker, R. A. Johnson, R. J. Wilson, Koji Abe, S. McHugh, James Shank, J. A. Coller, G. Hallewell, D. W. G. S. Leith, P. Antilogus, and A.K.S. Santha
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Detector, Cosmic ray, Particle accelerator, Electron, law.invention, Nuclear physics, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, law, Measuring instrument, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Collider, Cherenkov radiation, Lepton
Abstract: Summary form only. The performance of the Cherenkov Ring Imaging Detector (CRID) of the SLD experiment at the SLAC linear collider during the 1992 physics data run is discussed. The barrel CRID is complete and fully operational. Cherenkov rings have been observed from both the liquid and the gas radiators. The rings are associated with particle tracks measured in the central drift chamber and the radius of the ring together with the momentum measurement is used to identify particles. Work is in progress to improve the resolution by better determining the position of the drift boxes, the mirrors, and the central drift chamber relative to one other using data from cosmic rays and Z/sup 0/ chambers. >
Published: 1993

49. Evidence for two JP = 2− strange meson states in the K2 (1770) region

Author: F. Bird, P.K. Sinervo, C.O. Pak, S. H. Williams, N. Toge, T. Tauchi, B. T. Meadows, H. Hayashii, Shiro Suzuki, G. Tarnopolsky, D.C. Schultz, W.B. Johnson, Kumataro Ukai, P. Kunz, D. Aston, D. W. G. S. Leith, S. L. Shapiro, T. Bienz, A. P. Waite, J. Martinez, S. Iwata, B. N. Ratcliff, W. Dunwoodie, H. Ozaki, N. Awaji, A. Sugiyama, T. Matsui, A. Miyamoto, M. Nussbaum, R. Kajikawa, R. Endorf, K. Fujii, P.E. Rensing, L. Levinson, Yeong-Dae Kwon, T. Shimomura, and J. D'Amore
Subjects: Nuclear physics, Quark, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Meson, Spectrometer, Partial wave analysis, Particle interaction, Mass spectrum
Abstract: Evidence is presented for two J P =2 − strange mesons; one at ∼ 1.77 GeV/ c 2 and the other at ∼ 1.82 GeV/ c 2 . These states have been observed in a partial wave analysis of the Kω system in the reaction K − p → K − π + π − π 0 p where the strange mesons decay into K − ω and the ω then decays to π + π − π 0 . The data set contains ∼ 10 5 Kωp events at 11 GeV/ c taken by the LASS spectrometer at SLAC.
Published: 1993

50. First measurement of the left-right cross section asymmetry inZboson production bye+e−collisions

Author: J. Duboscq, Tadayuki Takahashi, S. Bethke, W. T. Emmet, R. Dolin, R. King, J. Hodgson, Sridhara Dasu, G.J. Tappern, S. A. Wickert, P. C. Rowson, R. J. Stephenson, R. Prepost, D. Pripstein, M. Tecchio, J. E. Brau, A. W. Weidemann, A. Yim, P.F. Jacques, T. Dean, T. H. Burnett, Amitabh Lath, H. Yuta, L. Piemontese, B. F. Wadsworth, Enrico Pieroni, E. Hyatt, L. Mathys, R. H. Schindler, A. Szumilo, G. Tarnopolsky, M. Settles, Roberto Battiston, R. Davis, A. Nuttall, T. A. Hodges, R. R. Kofler, D. Walz, A. V. Kulikov, R. Messner, J. F. Labs, J.P. Venuti, P. E.L. Clarke, A. Rothenberg, D. Mansour, R. Kroeger, D. Axen, A. Gioumousis, W. A. Majid, H. J. Hargis, C.J.S. Damerell, R. J. Wilson, D. J. Sherden, A. K. Honma, E. Vella, A. I. Mincer, S. H. Williams, A. O. Bazarko, D. D. Durrett, O. Chamberlain, J. A. Coller, E. L. Garwin, John Fox, N. Toge, D. Horelick, C. Baltay, M. D. Hildreth, F. Bird, C. Y. Prescott, D. W. G. S. Leith, P. Coyle, H. Cutler, C. J. Oram, H. Masuda, H. L. Lynch, R. Bell, J. Olsen, Nicholas Walker, J. Escalera, A.P.T. Palounek, Roberto Dell'Orso, L. P. Robertson, Melody A. Swartz, D. Su, D. Warner, R. R. Larsen, H. Petersen, J. Clendenin, A. Astbury, R. J. Morrison, G. A. Beer, D. R. Freytag, R. H. Siemann, Philip Burrows, T. Hansl-Kozanecka, S. McHugh, A. L. Shoup, R. E. Cassell, P.E. Rensing, T. Shimomura, M. Piccolo, M. J. Fox, J. Rothberg, D.C. Schultz, R. Langstaff, I. Abt, L. Pescara, I. Stockdale, G. Stewart, H. Shaw, P. De Simone, J. M. Yamartino, D. J. Mellor, M. Langston, O. Bardon, R.L. English, R. Watt, V. Cook, R. Cotton, M. Petradza, P. M. Mockett, V. Ashford, P. Saez, Michael S. Witherell, R. de Sangro, K. Skarpaas, R. C. Hilomen, T. Fieguth, Wit Busza, J. Flynn, D. Aston, G. Mancinelli, Patrick Krejcik, R. Rinta, T. W. Reeves, Rino Castaldi, H. O. Cohn, M. Loreti, V. Ziemann, K. Hasegawa, Richard Keeler, S. Kaiser, S. Hedges, J. L. Turner, G. Agnew, Joseph Izen, B. Burgess, L. Servoli, R. J. Belcinski, K. K. Young, John Scott Whitaker, X. Liu, Koji Abe, P. Kunz, S. S. Hertzbach, W. Craddock, G. Hallewell, I. Karliner, M. G. Strauss, Dominik Müller, J. Carr, D. Calloway, A. Lu, C. C. Young, B. I. Eisenstein, Elliot Hughes, T. Junk, M. Carpinelli, S. Bougerolle, G. D. Punkar, J. D. Turk, D. L. Burke, H. O. Ogren, R. W. Williams, W. M. Bugg, U. Schneekloth, S.C. Berridge, A. Disco, D. L. Hale, G. M. Bilei, G. R. Bower, James Shank, R. Cowan, Andrea Castro, Henry W. Kendall, L. Chen, R. K. Jobe, R. Ossa, Gunther Haller, O. H. Saxton, E. Rutz, C. Alber, T. Schalk, F. Toevs, J. J. Thaler, R. Claus, J. Fujimoto, D. P. Gurd, R. K. Yamamoto, P. Stiles, M. Minty, B. N. Ratcliff, S. Ecklund, D. Chambers, J. Wyss, C. Simopoulos, H. R. Band, J. A. Lauber, A. Santocchia, C. Yee, E. Erdos, P. Poffenberger, Yeong-Dae Kwon, G. Blaylock, D. A. Forbush, J. Huber, D. Kharakh, B. Camanzi, W. W. Ash, W. J. Wisniewski, F. Suekane, R.J. Plano, P. E. Stamer, M. Schneider, G. Eigen, M. Turcotte, M. D. Woodly, P. Zucchelli, G. Putallaz, M. J. Haney, A. Bean, C. G. Arroyo, B.L. Byers, W. Baker, W. L. Spence, S.R. Smith, Fred Wickens, A. P. Waite, J. T. Seeman, C. Zeitlin, T. Lyons, T. Bienz, N. Phinney, Martin Breidenbach, S. J. Yellin, L. Lintern, L. Paffrath, A. Calcaterra, K.G. Baird, R. Berger, C. Jako, N.M. Krishna, R.D. Elia, G. E. Gladding, S. Manly, I. M. Peruzzi, E. Mazzucato, R. Pitthan, Hyun-Chul Kim, J. J. Russell, Y. C. Du, W. Dunwoodie, David A. Williams, Y. Au, A. K. McKemey, R. F. Boyce, M. Zolotorev, J. A. Snyder, K. T. Pitts, L.S. Osborne, G. H. Zapalac, H. Tang, A. S. Johnson, M. Kalelkar, J. Frisch, R. S. Panvini, J. Hoeflich, T. Maruyama, B. A. Schumm, K.C. Moffeit, G. B. Word, G. E. Schultz, R. A. Johnson, R. Steiner, P. Antilogus, M. H. Kelsey, J. C. Sheppard, S. Gonzalez, M. Gaillard, A. Snyder, Thomas W. Markiewicz, S. L. Cartwright, K. Furuno, A. D. Yeremian, T. Gillman, V. Nesterov, H.J. Kang, Maurizio Biasini, T. Himel, Marc Ross, Yukio Hasegawa, H. A. Neal, Shiro Suzuki, D. F. Alzofon, Michele Gallinaro, D. Cords, M. Kowitt, A.K.S. Santha, R. W. Zdarko, D. G. Coyne, D. C. Williams, T. Bolton, C. Vannini, G. Oxoby, R. Shypit, Gilbert Shapiro, R. Verdier, E. L. Hart, D. Peters, A. Seiden, R. W. Downing, M. Z. Tahar, P. J. Emma, Alberto Benvenuti, H. Kawahara, C. Fan, T.J. Pavel, R. Frey, S. De Simone, F. Perrier, J. R. Johnson, R. Kajikawa, G. Mundy, V. Hamilton, P. D. Acton, P. C. Kim, H. M. Steiner, L. Rosenson, P. Schenk, K. M. Fortune, Richard Dubois, R. Ben-David, J. Zhou, M. Woods, J. Va’vra, M. Nordby, T. E. Browder, B. Mours, T. Nagamine, Nicola Bacchetta, D. McCormick, D. O. Caldwell, J. F. McGowan, G. Mazaheri, A. Sugiyama, M. Nussbaum, G. Mueller, Stephen Watts, F. Barrera, S. Jones, F. E. Taylor, M.E. Huffer, J. R. Bogart, J. Ferrie, R. Sobie, A. Mazzucato, Piero Giorgio Verdini, M. Pauluzzi, J. Ma, L. Camilleri, J. D. Richman, G. B. Chadwick, T. Weber, Giancarlo Mantovani, H. Hwang, Michael J. Fero, S.St. Lorant, J.I. Friedman, L.S. Rochester, Y. Iwasaki, T. L. Usher, M. Cavalli-Sforza, B. T. Meadows, D. G. Hitlin, F. J. Decker, M. D. Sokoloff, E.N. Spencer, H. Park, M. H. Shaevitz, G. Baranko, T. Limberg, D. R. Rust, G. R. Mason, S. L. White, D. Nelson, P. Raimondi, S. L. Shapiro, P. Rankin, A.B. d'Oliveira, U. Nauenberg, J. Harrison, Chris Adolphsen, R. Blumberg, F. Dejongh, Dario Bisello, and M. Klein
Subjects: Physics, Particle physics, Cabibbo–Kobayashi–Maskawa matrix, media_common.quotation_subject, General Physics and Astronomy, Elementary particle, Production (computer science), Beam polarization, Asymmetry, Energy (signal processing), media_common, Standard Model, Boson
Abstract: We present the first measurement of the left-right cross section asymmetry (${\mathit{A}}_{\mathit{L}\mathit{R}}$) for Z boson production by ${\mathit{e}}^{+}$${\mathit{e}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}$ collisions. The measurement was performed at a center-of-mass energy of 91.55 GeV with the SLD detector at the SLAC Linear Collider which utilized a longitudinally polarized electron beam. The average beam polarization was (22.4\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.6)%. Using a sample of 10 224 Z decays, we measure ${\mathit{A}}_{\mathit{L}\mathit{R}}$ to be 0.100\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.044(stat)\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.004(syst), which determines the effective weak mixing angle to be ${\mathrm{sin}}^{2}$${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\theta}}}_{\mathit{W}}^{\mathit{e}\mathit{f}\mathit{f}}$=0.2378 \ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.0056(stat)\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.0005(syst).
Published: 1993

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