41 results on '"S. Ghandili"'
Search Results
2. Prevalence of Sigmoid Sinus Dehiscence and Diverticulum among Adults with Skull Base Cephaloceles
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David J Segar, Galal A. Elsayed, Travis J. Atchley, Houman Sotoudeh, Omid Shafaat, S. Ghandili, Gustavo Chagoya, Joshua D. Bernstock, Aparna Singhal, P. Talati, and Saksham Gupta
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Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Dehiscence ,Cranial Sinuses ,digestive system ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Left sigmoid sinus ,medicine ,otorhinolaryngologic diseases ,Prevalence ,Humans ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Head & Neck ,Encephalocele ,Retrospective Studies ,Sigmoid sinus ,Skull Base ,Univariate analysis ,Brain Diseases ,Cephalocele ,business.industry ,Retrospective cohort study ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,digestive system diseases ,Surgery ,Skull ,Diverticulum ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Female ,Neurology (clinical) ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Cephaloceles are relatively rare conditions caused by a congenital and/or acquired skull defect. The incidence of associated venous brain anomalies with regard to cephaloceles remains to be fully elucidated. Accordingly, we sought to assess the prevalence of sigmoid sinus dehiscence and diverticula in patients with spontaneous skull base cephaloceles. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Our institutional data base was retrospectively queried from 2005 to 2018. Patients in whom spontaneous skull base cephaloceles were identified were ultimately included in the study cohort. These patients subsequently had their sigmoid sinuses re-evaluated with focused attention on the possible presence of dehiscence and/or diverticula. RESULTS: We identified 56 patients: 12 men and 44 women. After re-evaluation of the sigmoid sinuses, evidence of dehiscence and/or diverticula was noted in 21 patients. The right sigmoid sinus was involved in 11 patients, and the left sigmoid sinus was involved in 7 patients, including 3 cases of diverticulum. In 3 patients, evidence of bilateral sigmoid sinus dehiscence and diverticula was noted. Female sex was associated with sigmoid sinus dehiscence and diverticula by univariate analysis (P = .019). By linear regression, cephalocele volume was negatively associated with sigmoid sinus dehiscence and diverticula (coefficient, −2266, P value < .007, adjusted R(2) = 0.1077). By univariate logistic regression using average cephalocele volume as a cutoff, we demonstrate a statistically significant finding of lower volumes being associated with sigmoid sinus dehiscence and diverticula with an odds ratio of 3.58 (P = .05). CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of sigmoid sinus dehiscence and diverticula in patients with cephalocele is high. Female sex is associated with sigmoid sinus dehiscence and diverticula. The cephalocele volume appears to be inversely proportional to sigmoid sinus dehiscence and diverticula.
- Published
- 2020
3. Surgical Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation: Predictors for Long-Term Success
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Stephan Willems, S. Ghandili, Simon Pecha, H. Reichenspurner, and Florian Wagner
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Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Internal medicine ,Cardiology ,Medicine ,Surgery ,Atrial fibrillation ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business ,medicine.disease ,Surgical ablation ,Term (time) - Published
- 2017
4. A German perspective on the impact of socioeconomic status in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.
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Ghandili S, Dierlamm J, Bokemeyer C, Kusche H, and Peters F
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- Humans, Germany epidemiology, Male, Female, Middle Aged, Aged, Prognosis, Registries, Adult, Aged, 80 and over, Socioeconomic Factors, Survival Rate, Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse epidemiology, Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse mortality, Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse therapy, Social Class
- Abstract
The prognostic influence of socioeconomic status (SES) on the survival of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients remains controversial. This observational study examines the potential impact of regional SES inequalities on overall survival (OS) among DLBCL patients in Germany. We analyzed data from the German nationwide population-based dataset spanning 2004-2019 sourced from the German Center for Cancer Registry Data (n = 49,465). The primary objective was to assess the 5-year OS among patients with low SES compared to those living in middle and high SES areas. SES was grouped according to quintiles of the German Index of Socioeconomic Deprivation, which summarized nine indicators covering aspects of regional education, employment, and income. DLBCL patients in low SES areas had significantly impaired 5-year OS compared to those in middle and high SES regions (59.2% vs. 61.8% vs. 64.1%, p < 0.0001). Yet, additionally accounting for regional premature mortality removed the impact of SES on survival (Hazard Ratio 0.94, 95% CI 0.87-1.01). Our findings indicate that the prognostic impact of socioeconomic deprivation on long-term survival is not due to variations in diagnosis and treatment of DLBCL itself but rather a higher comorbidity burden., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
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- 2024
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5. The changing influence of neighborhood socioeconomic status on long-term survival in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma patients: A German metropolitan case-control study spanning over three decades.
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Ghandili S, Dierlamm J, Bokemeyer C, Kusche H, and Peters F
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Competing Interests: Susanne Ghandili, Judith Dierlamm, Henrik Kusche, and Frederik Peters declare no conflicts of interest. Carsten Bokemeyer declared the following conflicts of interest: Speaker: AOK Germany, Bristol Myers Squibb, med update, Merck Serono, Roche Pharma, Advisory Board: AstraZeneca, Bayer Healthcare, BioNTech, Bristol Myers Squibb, Janssen, Merck Serono, Oncology Drug Consult CRO, Sanofi Aventis.
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- 2024
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6. Multiple myeloma in the young: insights on prognosis, clinical features and treatment outcome derived from nationwide German registry data and a nested multicenter sample.
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Kamili A, Ahmadi P, Leypoldt L, Marquard F, Schaefers C, Kosch R, Peters F, Kusche H, Zamrik T, Hanoun C, Seib M, Shumilov E, Leitner T, Khandanpour C, Bokemeyer C, Weisel K, and Ghandili S
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Not available.
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- 2024
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7. Diagnostic management of blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN) in close interaction with therapeutic considerations.
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Shumilov E, Mazzeo P, Ghandili S, Künstner A, Weidemann S, Banz Y, Ströbel P, Pollak M, Kolloch L, Beltraminelli H, Kerkhoff A, Mikesch JH, Schliemann C, Haase D, Wulf G, Legros M, Lenz G, Feldmeyer L, Pabst T, Witte H, Gebauer N, and Bacher U
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- Humans, Retrospective Studies, Bone Marrow pathology, HLA-DR Antigens, Dendritic Cells pathology, Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute pathology, Myeloproliferative Disorders pathology, Skin Neoplasms diagnosis, Skin Neoplasms therapy, Skin Neoplasms metabolism, Hematologic Neoplasms diagnosis, Hematologic Neoplasms therapy, Hematologic Neoplasms genetics
- Abstract
Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN), a rare malignancy derived from plasmacytoid dendritic cells, can mimic both acute leukemia and aggressive T-cell lymphoma. Therapy of this highly aggressive hematological disease should be initiated as soon as possible, especially in light of novel targeted therapies that have become available. However, differential diagnosis of BPDCN remains challenging. This retrospective study aimed to highlight the challenges to timely diagnoses of BPDCN. We documented the diagnostic and clinical features of 43 BPDCN patients diagnosed at five academic hospitals from 2001-2022. The frequency of BPDCN diagnosis compared to AML was 1:197 cases. The median interval from the first documented clinical manifestation to diagnosis of BPDCN was 3 months. Skin (65%) followed by bone marrow (51%) and blood (45%) involvement represented the most common sites. Immunophenotyping revealed CD4 + , CD45 + , CD56 + , CD123 + , HLA-DR + , and TCL-1 + as the most common surface markers. Overall, 86% (e.g. CD33) and 83% (e.g., CD7) showed co-expression of myeloid and T-cell markers, respectively. In the median, we detected five genomic alterations per case including mutational subtypes typically involved in AML: DNA methylation (70%), signal transduction (46%), splicing factors (38%), chromatin modification (32%), transcription factors (32%), and RAS pathway (30%), respectively. The contribution of patients (30%) proceeding to any form of upfront stem cell transplantation (SCT; autologous or allogeneic) was almost equal resulting in beneficial overall survival rates in those undergoing allogeneic SCT (p = 0.0001). BPDCN is a rare and challenging entity sharing various typical characteristics of other hematological diseases. Comprehensive diagnostics should be initiated timely to ensure appropriate treatment strategies., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
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- 2024
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8. Cost analysis of patients undergoing allogeneic stem cell transplantation or chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy in relapsed or refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma from a German healthcare payer perspective.
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Ahmadi P, Ghandili S, Jakobs F, Konnopka C, Morgner-Miehlke A, Kröger N, and Ayuk F
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- Humans, Immunotherapy, Adoptive, Costs and Cost Analysis, Delivery of Health Care, Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, Antigens, CD19, Receptors, Chimeric Antigen, Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin, Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse therapy, Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse pathology, Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
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- 2024
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9. Therapie des nekrobiotischen Xanthogranuloms - Fallserie und aktuelle Literatur: Therapy of necrobiotic xanthogranuloma - case series and review of the literature.
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Hansen I, Ghandili S, Abeck F, Booken N, and Schneider SW
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- 2023
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10. Therapy of necrobiotic xanthogranuloma - case series and review of the literature.
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Hansen I, Ghandili S, Abeck F, Booken N, and Schneider SW
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- Humans, Chlorambucil, Necrobiotic Xanthogranuloma diagnosis, Necrobiotic Xanthogranuloma therapy, Paraproteinemias complications, Paraproteinemias pathology, Skin Diseases pathology, Histiocytosis, Non-Langerhans-Cell
- Abstract
Necrobiotic xanthogranuloma is a rare disease that is part of the non-Langerhans cell histiocytoses. It is characterized by yellowish skin lesions, which are typically periorbitally localized. Extracutaneous manifestations of all organs are possible and can cause potentially life-threatening complications. The disease also belongs to the facultative paraneoplasias and is often associated with paraproteinemia. These aspects should be considered regarding further diagnostics. Due to the rarity of the disease, there are no standardized guidelines for therapy so far. The combination of prednisolone and chlorambucil as well as intravenous immunoglobulins seem to be effective therapeutic options. We present four cases from our clinic as well as the current results of the literature in this mini-review and would like to highlight the therapeutic challenge as well as the need for the development of guidelines., (© 2023 The Authors. Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Deutsche Dermatologische Gesellschaft.)
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- 2023
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11. The prognostic impact of lymphoma perforation in patients with primary gastrointestinal lymphoma - a single-center analysis.
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Modemann F, Ahmadi P, von Kroge PH, Weidemann S, Bokemeyer C, Dierlamm J, Fiedler W, and Ghandili S
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- Humans, Prognosis, Retrospective Studies, Lymphoma complications, Lymphoma diagnosis, Lymphoma therapy, Lymphoma, B-Cell
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Patients with primary gastrointestinal (GI) lymphoma are at risk of GI perforations. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the prognostic impact of non-traumatic GI perforations. 54 patients with a histologically confirmed diagnosis of primary GI lymphoma were included. Non-traumatic lymphoma perforation occurred in ten patients (19%). Perforations occurred only in patients with aggressive B-cell lymphoma. In patients with aggressive B-cell lymphoma, the median overall survival (mOS) was 52 months (95% CI 9.88-94.12) and 27 months (95% CI 0.00-135.48) in patients with and without GI perforation, respectively. The median progression-free survival (mPFS) was 30 months (95% CI 5.6-54.4) in patients with GI perforations. In patients without lymphoma perforation, mPFS was not reached. Both mOS and mPFS did not significantly differ. In conclusion, despite the need for emergency surgery and delay in lymphoma-directed treatment, lymphoma perforation did not negatively impact our study population's OS or PFS.
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- 2023
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12. EBV and 1q Gains Affect Gene and miRNA Expression in Burkitt Lymphoma.
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Akyüz N, Janjetovic S, Ghandili S, Bokemeyer C, and Dierlamm J
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Abnormalities of the long arm of chromosome 1 (1q) represent the most frequent secondary chromosomal aberrations in Burkitt lymphoma (BL) and are observed almost exclusively in EBV-negative BL cell lines (BL-CLs). To verify chromosomal abnormalities, we cytogenetically investigated EBV-negative BL patient material, and to elucidate the 1q gain impact on gene expression, we performed qPCR with six 1q-resident genes and analyzed miRNA expression in BL-CLs. We observed 1q aberrations in the form of duplications, inverted duplications, isodicentric chromosome idic(1)(q10), and the accumulation of 1q12 breakpoints, and we assigned 1q21.2-q32 as a commonly gained region in EBV-negative BL patients. We detected MCL1 , ARNT , MLLT11 , PDBXIP1 , and FCRL5, and 64 miRNAs, showing EBV- and 1q-gain-dependent dysregulation in BL-CLs. We observed MCL1 , MLLT11 , PDBXIP1, and 1q-resident miRNAs, hsa-miR-9, hsa-miR-9*, hsa-miR-92b, hsa-miR-181a, and hsa-miR-181b, showing copy-number-dependent upregulation in BL-CLs with 1q gains. MLLT11 , hsa-miR-181a, hsa-miR-181b, and hsa-miR-183 showed exclusive 1q-gains-dependent and FCRL5 , hsa-miR-21, hsa-miR-155, hsa-miR-155*, hsa-miR-221, and hsa-miR-222 showed exclusive EBV-dependent upregulation. We confirmed previous data, e.g., regarding the EBV dependence of hsa-miR-17-92 cluster members, and obtained detailed information considering 1q gains in EBV-negative and EBV-positive BL-CLs. Altogether, our data provide evidence for a non-random involvement of 1q gains in BL and contribute to enlightening and understanding the EBV-negative and EBV-positive BL pathogenesis.
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- 2023
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13. Letaler Verlauf einer Kryoglobulinämie Typ I.
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Hansen I, Ghandili S, Abeck F, Kött J, Booken N, and Schneider SW
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- 2023
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14. NTRK fusion protein expression is absent in a large cohort of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.
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Ghandili S, Dierlamm J, Bokemeyer C, von Bargen CM, and Weidemann SA
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Background: Even though two NTRK-targeting drugs are available for the treatment of irresectable, metastatic, or progressive NTRK-positive solid tumors, less is known about the role of NTRK fusions in lymphoma. For this reason, we aimed to investigate if NTRK fusion proteins are expressed in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) by systemic immunohistochemistry (IHC) screening and additional FISH analysis in a large cohort of DLBCL samples according to the ESMO Translational Research and Precision Medicine Working Group recommendations for the detection of NTRK fusions in daily practice and clinical research., Methods: A tissue microarray of 92 patients with the diagnosis of DLBCL at the University Hospital Hamburg between 2020 and 2022 was built. The clinical data were taken from patient records. Immunohistochemistry for Pan-NTRK fusion protein was performed and positive staining was defined as any viable staining. For FISH analysis only results with quality 2 and 3 were evaluated., Results: NTRK immunostaining was absent in all analyzable cases. No break apart was detectable by FISH., Conclusion: Our negative result is consistent with the very sparse data existing on NTRK gene fusions in hematologic neoplasms. To date, only a few cases of hematological malignancies have been described in which NTRK-targeting drugs may provide a potential therapeutic agent. Even though NTRK fusion protein expression was not detectable in our sample cohort, performing systemic screenings for NTRK fusions are necessary to define further the role of NTRK fusions not only in DLBCL but in a multitude of lymphoma entities as long as the lack of reliable data exists., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2023 Ghandili, Dierlamm, Bokemeyer, von Bargen and Weidemann.)
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- 2023
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15. Abdominal emergency surgery in patients with hematological malignancies: a retrospective single-center analysis.
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von Kroge PH, Duprée A, Mann O, Izbicki JR, Wagner J, Ahmadi P, Weidemann S, Adjallé R, Kröger N, Bokemeyer C, Fiedler W, Modemann F, and Ghandili S
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- Humans, Retrospective Studies, Anastomosis, Surgical, Anastomotic Leak etiology, Intestinal Obstruction etiology, Intestinal Obstruction surgery, Cholecystitis, Acute etiology
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Background: Hematologic patients requiring abdominal emergency surgery are considered to be a high-risk population based on disease- and treatment-related immunosuppression. However, the optimal surgical therapy and perioperative management of patients with abdominal emergency surgery in patients with coexisting hematological malignancies remain unclear., Methods: We here report a single-center retrospective analysis aimed to investigate the impact of abdominal emergency surgery due to clinically suspected gastrointestinal perforation (group A), intestinal obstruction (group B), or acute cholecystitis (group C) on mortality and morbidity of patients with coexisting hematological malignancies. All patients included in this retrospective single-center study were identified by screening for the ICD 10 diagnostic codes for gastrointestinal perforation, intestinal obstruction, and ischemia and acute cholecystitis. In addition, a keyword search was performed in the database of all pathology reports in the given time frame., Results: A total of 56 patients were included in this study. Gastrointestinal perforation and intestinal obstruction occurred in 26 and 13 patients, respectively. Of those, 21 patients received a primary gastrointestinal anastomosis, and anastomotic leakage (AL) occurred in 33.3% and resulted in an AL-related 30-day mortality rate of 80%. The only factor associated with higher rates of AL was sepsis before surgery. In patients with suspected acute cholecystitis, postoperative bleeding events requiring abdominal packing occurred in three patients and lead to overall perioperative morbidity of 17.6% and surgery-related 30-day mortality of 5.9%., Conclusion: In patients with known or suspected hematologic malignancies who require emergency abdominal surgery due to gastrointestinal perforation or intestinal obstruction, a temporary or permanent stoma might be preferred to a primary intestinal anastomosis., (© 2023. The Author(s).)
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- 2023
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16. VTd-PACE and VTd-PACE-like regimens are effective salvage therapies in difficult-to-treat relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma: a single-center experience.
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Ghandili S, Alihodzic D, Wiessner C, Bokemeyer C, Weisel K, and Leypoldt LB
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- Humans, Male, Adult, Middle Aged, Aged, Female, Salvage Therapy, Bortezomib, Retrospective Studies, Thalidomide, Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols, Dexamethasone, Treatment Outcome, Multiple Myeloma drug therapy, Multiple Myeloma pathology
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Although treatment options for multiple myeloma (MM) are rapidly evolving, there still remain difficult-to-treat situations, especially in relapsed and/or refractory (r/r) disease. When modern therapies are exhausted, or emergency treatment is needed for high tumor burden, classic chemotherapy combination regimens like the VTd-PACE regimen and its modifications (PACE-M) may also be beneficial as bridging to subsequent treatment options. This single-center retrospective analysis aimed to investigate the outcome of VTd-PACE and PACE-M salvage therapy in 31 heavily pretreated r/r MM patients. The primary objective was the overall response rate (ORR). Secondary objectives were median progression-free survival (mPFS), median overall survival (mOS), safety, and renal response. Median age was 59 years (range 39-75), and 71% of patients were male. R-ISS stratification showed high-risk MM in 48%. The median number of prior therapies was 3, with 23 patients being triple- and 12 penta-refractory (74% and 39%). ORR was 71%, including 23% of patients achieving a very good partial response. Median duration of follow-up was 15 months (range 0-29 months). mPFS and mOS were 3 months (95% CI 0.27-5.74) and 11 months (95% CI 3.66-18.35), respectively. In 26 patients (83.9%), at least one subsequent treatment (stem cell transplant or BCMA-directed) was administered. Renal function significantly improved after VTd-PACE or PACE-M treatment (p = 0.032). Non-hematological adverse events ≥ grade 3 were predominantly infections. VTd-PACE and PACE-M are effective salvage therapies in difficult-to-treat situations in heavily pre-treated r/r MM, including patients with impaired renal function. VTd-PACE and PACE-M can be successfully used as bridging therapy for subsequent treatment., (© 2022. The Author(s).)
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- 2023
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17. Clinical features of hepatitis E infections in patients with hematologic disorders.
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Ghandili S, Lindhauer C, Pischke S, Zur Wiesch JS, Von Kroge PH, Polywka S, Bokemeyer C, Fiedler W, Kröger N, Ayuk F, Adjallé R, and Modemann F
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- Humans, Retrospective Studies, Antiviral Agents therapeutic use, Ribavirin adverse effects, Treatment Outcome, Hepatitis E complications, Hepatitis E diagnosis, Hepatitis E drug therapy, Hepatitis E virus, Hematologic Diseases complications, Hematologic Diseases chemically induced
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Hepatitis E virus is increasingly being reported to cause chronic infection in immunocompromised patients. However, less is known about patients with an underlying hematologic disease. In particular, the impact of hepatitis E infection on oncological therapy has been poorly described. In this retrospective single-center study, we analyzed 35 hematologic patients with hepatitis E, including 20 patients under active oncological treatment and 15 patients who were in the posttreatment follow-up or under active surveillance. The primary aim was to describe the clinical courses with particular focus on any hepatitis E-related therapy modifications of cancer-directed therapy. In the majority (60%) of patients who were under active oncological treatment, hepatitis E-related therapy modifications were made, and 25% of deaths were due to progression of the hematologic disease. In patients receiving concomitant oncological treatment, no hepatitis Erelated deaths occurred. In contrast, two patients in the follow-up group died from hepatitis E-associated acute-onchronic liver failure. Chronic hepatitis E was observed in 34% of all cases and 43% received ribavirin therapy; of those, 27% achieved a sustained virological response. CD20-directed therapy was the only independent risk factor for developing chronic hepatitis E. We conclude that CD20-directed treatment at any time point is a risk factor for developing chronic hepatitis E. Nevertheless, since mortality from the progression of hematologic disease was higher than hepatitis E-related mortality, we suggest careful case-by-case decisions on modifications of cancer treatment. Patients in the posttreatment follow-up phase may also suffer from severe courses and hepatitis E chronicity occurs as frequently as in patients undergoing active therapy.
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- 2022
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18. Retrospective analysis of three induction chemotherapy regimens in acute myeloid leukemia including CPX-351, cytarabine/daunorubicin with and without the addition of cladribine.
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Klingler F, Alsdorf WH, Ghandili S, Wolschke C, Brauneck F, Bokemeyer C, Fiedler W, Modemann F, and Karagiannis P
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- Humans, Induction Chemotherapy, Retrospective Studies, Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols adverse effects, Cytarabine, Daunorubicin adverse effects, Cladribine adverse effects, Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute diagnosis, Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute drug therapy, Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute chemically induced
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Recently new treatments for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) emerged, including regimens like CPX-351 and cladribine with cytarabine and daunorubicin (DA + C), demonstrating improved survival in patient subsets. This retrospective analysis is comparing the outcome of 124 patients treated with cytarabine and daunorubicin (DA; n = 54), CPX-351 ( n = 26) and DA + C ( n = 44). Complete response rate following one cycle of therapy was increased in DA + C (62%) compared to CPX-351 (42%) and DA (50%). CPX-351 demonstrated a significant increased survival post allogenic stem cell transplantation against DA (hazard ratio (HR): 4.9; 95% confidence interval (95%CI): 1.1-21, p = 0.03). Median survival was reached for DA (5.6 years) but not for DA + C or CPX-351. Subgroup analysis showed that AML with myelodysplasia-related changes and therapy-related AML treated with CPX-351 had increased survival compared to DA (HR: 5.2; 95%CI: 1.2-22; p = 0.03). Our findings point twoards a CPX-351 superiority. However, the use of DA + C should be further evaluated in comparative studies.
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- 2022
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19. COVID-19 and Adult Acute Leukemia: Our Knowledge in Progress.
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Modemann F, Ghandili S, Schmiedel S, Weisel K, Bokemeyer C, and Fiedler W
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The majority of publications regarding SARS-CoV-2 infections in adult patients with acute leukemia (AL) refer to hematological patients in general and are not focused on acute myeloid leukemia (AML) or acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). We herein report a review of the current literature on adult AL patients infected with SARS-CoV-2. Overall, SARS-CoV-2-associated mortality ranges from 20-52% in patients with adult AL. AML patients have a particularly high COVID-19-related mortality. Of note, most of the available data relate to the pre-vaccination era and to variants before Omicron. The impact of COVID-19 infections on AL treatment is rarely reported. Based on the few studies available, treatment delay does not appear to be associated with an increased risk of relapse, whereas therapy discontinuation was associated with worse outcomes in AML patients. Therefore, the current recommendations suggest delaying systemic AL treatment in SARS-CoV-2-positive patients until SARS-CoV-2 negativity, if immediate AL treatment is not required. It is recommended to offer vaccination to all AL patients; the reported antibody responses are around 80-96%. Seronegative patients should additionally receive prophylactic administration of anti-SARS-CoV-2 monoclonal antibodies. Patients with AL infected with SARS-CoV-2 should be treated early with antiviral therapy to prevent disease progression and enable the rapid elimination of the virus.
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- 2022
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20. Incidental Primary Intrathoracic Goiter: Dual-Isotope Scintigraphy and Early-MIBI SPECT/CT.
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Zamora E, Ghandili S, Zamora MA, and Chun KJ
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Primary intrathoracic goiter is an uncommon congenital entity resulting from over decent ectopic thyroid tissue. As compared with secondary intrathoracic goiter, primary entities are discrete from orthotopic thyroid tissue and may lead to potentially serious complications such as malignancy and shortness of breath. Intrathoracic goiters have been described as showing mild or absent uptake of
99m Tc-pertechnetate on planar scintigraphy. We present an incidental primary intrathoracic goiter found in a patient undergoing evaluation with multimodal scintigraphy and early99m Tc-sestamibi single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) for localization of parathyroid adenomas. The mass was inconspicuous on TcO4- scintigraphy but methoxyisobutylisonitrile-avid on early planar and SPECT/CT., Competing Interests: Conflict of Interest None declared., (World Association of Radiopharmaceutical and Molecular Therapy (WARMTH). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ ).)- Published
- 2022
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21. Donor-transmitted extramedullary acute myeloid leukaemia after living donor kidney transplantation.
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Ghandili S, Kluger MA, Leitner T, Grahammer F, Kirchner L, Modemann F, Achilles EG, Kreipe HH, Klein J, Steinemann D, Wolschke C, Fischer L, Bokemeyer C, Fiedler W, Huber TB, Alsdorf WH, and Mahmud M
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- Bone Marrow Transplantation, Humans, Living Donors, Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Kidney Transplantation adverse effects, Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute etiology, Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute therapy, Sarcoma, Myeloid
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- 2022
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22. Risk factors for poor humoral response to primary and booster SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in hematologic and oncological outpatients-COVIDOUT study.
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Schönlein M, Wrage V, Ghandili S, Mellinghoff SC, Brehm TT, Leypoldt LB, Utz N, Schrader RM, Alsdorf W, Börschel N, Bußmann L, Schönrock M, Perlick D, Schön G, Verpoort K, Lütgehetmann M, Schulze Zur Wiesch J, Weisel KC, Bokemeyer C, Schafhausen P, and Sinn M
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- Humans, Outpatients, Risk Factors, SARS-CoV-2, Vaccination, COVID-19 prevention & control, COVID-19 Vaccines
- Abstract
Competing Interests: Declaration of interests L.L. has received honoraria (personal) from GSK, Janssen, Celgene/BMS, and Sanofi and non-financial support from GSK and Abbvie. W.A. has received honoraria (personal) from Janssen and research funding (institutional) from Biontech. C.B has received honoraria from Astra Zeneca, Bayer Healthcare, Berlin Chemie, Bristol Myers Squipp, GSO Research Organisation, Jansen Cilag, Merck Serono, Merck Sharp Dohme, Novartis, med update, Roche Pharma, and Sanofi Aventis and serves as local PI for more than 80 clinical trials (institutional). P.S. has received honoraria (personal) from BMS, MSD, Incyte, SOBI, AOP, Novartis, Alexion, AstraZeneca, BPM, and ROCHE and travel support from BMS, SOBI, AOP, and Novartis. M.Sinn has received honoraria (personal) from Art tempi, Astra Zeneca, Amgen, BMS, med update, MSD, Incyte, Pierre Fabre, Pfizer Servier, and Sanofi and support for clinical research (institutional) from Amgen, Astra Zeneca, Bayer, BMS, Incyte, MSD, Pierre Fabre, Roche, and Servier. The other authors declare no competing interests.
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- 2022
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23. Diagnostic Utility of Bronchoalveolar Lavage in Patients with Acute Leukemia under Broad-Spectrum Anti-Infective Treatment.
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Ghandili S, von Kroge PH, Simon M, Henes FO, Rohde H, Hoffmann A, Lindeman NB, Bokemeyer C, Fiedler W, and Modemann F
- Abstract
Despite therapeutic advances in the prevention and treatment of febrile neutropenia, acute leukemia (AL) patients still have considerable febrile neutropenia-related mortality. However, the diagnostic yield of flexible bronchoscopy (FB) and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) in acute leukemia patients is unclear. In this retrospective single-center study, we analyzed 88 BAL samples of patients with acute leukemia and pulmonary infiltrates in spite of treatment with broad-spectrum anti-infective agents. The aim was to investigate the impact of FB with BAL on detecting causative organisms, which would result in a change in treatment regimens. The median age was 59 years, and 86% had acute myeloid leukemia. In 47%, pathogens were detectable in BAL fluid (pathogen bacteria, viruses, and fungi in 2, 15, and 18%, respectively), with Aspergillus fumigatus detected most frequently. BAL-guided anti-infective therapy changes were performed in 15%. The detection of herpes simplex and influenza viruses were the main reasons for treatment changes. Despite broad-spectrum anti-infective treatment, in approximately half of all patients, pathogens could still be isolated in BAL samples. However, consecutive changes in anti-infective treatment were considerably less frequent, with most changes performed in patients with Herpes simplex virus and Influenza A detection. The need for FB with BAL in patients with AL receiving broad-spectrum empiric anti-infective treatment should therefore be weighed carefully.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. COVID-19 and seasonal influenza: a comparative analysis in patients with hematological malignancies.
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Modemann F, Niederwieser C, Weisel K, Bokemeyer C, Fiedler W, and Ghandili S
- Subjects
- Humans, SARS-CoV-2, Seasons, COVID-19 complications, Hematologic Neoplasms complications, Hematologic Neoplasms epidemiology, Hematologic Neoplasms therapy, Influenza, Human complications, Influenza, Human diagnosis, Influenza, Human epidemiology
- Abstract
The severity and mortality of COVID-19 and seasonal influenza were recently compared in the general population but not in patients with hematological malignancies. We analyzed the clinical courses of 79 patients with hematological malignancies and diagnosis of either SARS-CoV-2 ( n = 29) or influenza A or B infections ( n = 50) who were admitted or were already under treatment in the Department of Oncology, Hematology and Stem cell Transplantation at the University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany, between 1 January 2012 and 31 January 2021. For COVID-19, we observed significantly higher rates of acute respiratory distress syndrome with 48% (14/29) compared to 14% (7/50) in the influenza group ( p = 0.001) as well as a significantly higher virus-associated 90-day mortality (41% vs. 12%, p = 0.005). Based on our results, we conclude that infections with SARS-CoV-2 are more severe than influenza A or B in patients with hematological malignancies.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Efficacy of Tigecycline as Salvage Therapy in Multidrug-Resistant Febrile Neutropenia in Patients with Acute Leukemia-A Single Center Analysis.
- Author
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Modemann F, Härterich S, Schulze Zur Wiesch J, Rohde H, Lindeman NB, Bokemeyer C, Fiedler W, and Ghandili S
- Abstract
Severe infectious complications remain the main cause of mortality in leukemia patients due to a long period of profound neutropenia. Standardized regimens for antimicrobial, antifungal, and antiviral prophylaxis and therapy in neutropenic patients have improved infection-associated mortality. Nevertheless, many patients are refractory to these multidrug approaches. Tigecycline is a last-resort antibiotic with a broad-spectrum activity; unfortunately, clinical experience in multidrug-resistant febrile neutropenia is limited. The aim was to evaluate the efficacy of tigecycline treatment in comparison to standard treatment in this patient cohort. In this single center analysis, we analyzed the clinical courses of 73 patients with acute leukemia and diagnosis of febrile neutropenia resistant to hospital-based multidrug escalation levels who continued on a standard approach without antibiotics as the last resort ( n = 30) or were switched to tigecycline in addition to carbapenem treatment ( n = 43). We observed comparable overall response rates (decrease in C-reactive protein or resolution of fever) in both patient cohorts. Switching the antibiotic approach to tigecycline showed lower absolute sepsis (33% vs. 47%, p = 0.235) and infection-associated mortality rates (5% vs. 13%, p = 0.221). Prospective larger randomized studies are necessary to underline these results and to be able to generate reliable statistics.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Lymphocytopenia and Anti-CD38 Directed Treatment Impact the Serological SARS-CoV-2 Response after Prime Boost Vaccination in Patients with Multiple Myeloma.
- Author
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Ghandili S, Schönlein M, Wiessner C, Becher H, Lütgehetmann M, Brehm TT, Schulze Zur Wiesch J, Bokemeyer C, Sinn M, Weisel KC, and Leypoldt LB
- Abstract
Even though several SARS-CoV-2 vaccines have shown high effectiveness in the prevention of COVID-19 in healthy subjects, vaccination response in patients with plasma-cell-related disorders (PCD) remains widely unknown. Here, we report on an analysis describing the serological response after prime-boost SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in PCD patients, as compared to a healthy control group, and on possible influencing factors of serological responses. Blood samples were analyzed for the presence of quantitative anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike RBD Ig. A total of 82 patients were included; 67 received mRNA-, eight vector-based and four heterologous vaccinations. SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers (SP-AbT) were assessed in a mean of 23 days (SD ± 11 days) after the first and in a mean 21 days (SD ± 9) after prime-boost vaccination. A positive SP-AbT was detected in 31.9% of PCD patients after the first vaccination, and in 88.9% (44/49) after prime-boost vaccination, which was significantly less likely than that in the control group (100%, 78/78) ( p = 0.008). Furthermore, we have been able to validate our previously suggested threshold of 30 CD19+ B lymphocytes/µL as being predictive for SP-AbT development. Despite anti-CD38 directed therapy, quadruplet treatment, higher age and missing deep remission, which correlated negatively with SP-AbT appearance, SP-AbT formation is possible in a majority of myeloma patients after prime-boost vaccination.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Post-Vaccination Anti-SARS-CoV-2-Antibody Response in Patients with Multiple Myeloma Correlates with Low CD19+ B-Lymphocyte Count and Anti-CD38 Treatment.
- Author
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Ghandili S, Schönlein M, Lütgehetmann M, Schulze Zur Wiesch J, Becher H, Bokemeyer C, Sinn M, Weisel KC, and Leypoldt LB
- Abstract
Few data are available regarding the efficacy of anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in patients with hematological malignancies, and particular, plasma cell neoplasia. This ongoing single-center study aimed to describe the level of post-vaccination anti-SARS-CoV-2-antibodies depending on B lymphocyte count, current therapy, and remission status of patients with multiple myeloma and related plasma cell dyscrasia, after the first dose of anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. The 82 patients included in this study received SARS-CoV-2 vaccines (including mRNA- and vector-based vaccines) as a routine measure. After the first vaccination, a positive SARS-CoV-2 spike protein antibody titer (SP-AbT) was detected in 23% of assessable patients. SARS-CoV-2 SP-AbT was significantly higher in patients with higher CD19+ B lymphocyte counts. A cut-off value of ≥30 CD19+ B cells/µL was significantly positive correlating with higher SARS-CoV-2 SP-AbT. In contrast, current treatment with anti-CD38-antibodies has led to significantly reduced SP-AbT titers. Furthermore, in multivariable linear regression, higher age and insufficiently controlled disease significantly correlated negatively with SARS-CoV-2 SP-AbT. Conversely, treatment with immunomodulatory drugs did not harm the development of antibody titers. Based on our results, the majority of myeloma patients respond poorly after receiving the first dose of any anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and need booster vaccination.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Current Treatment Approaches to Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma.
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Ghandili S, Weisel KC, Bokemeyer C, and Leypoldt LB
- Subjects
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols therapeutic use, Humans, Lenalidomide, Transplantation, Autologous, Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Multiple Myeloma diagnosis, Multiple Myeloma drug therapy
- Abstract
Background: Multiple myeloma is a so far incurable malignant plasma cell disorder. During the past 2 decades, treatment paradigms substantially changed when novel drugs were introduced initially in treatment of relapsed disease and subsequently also in first-line treatment., Summary: Up to now, first-line treatment differs between patients initially classified as transplant eligible and those who are considered as nontransplant eligible. Transplant-eligible patients receive a primary proteasome inhibitor (PI)-based induction which is being combined with an immunomodulating agent and a CD38-directed monoclonal antibody followed by high-dose melphalan therapy and autologous stem cell transplantation with subsequent maintenance treatment with lenalidomide. Patients who are considered as nontransplant eligible receive upfront treatment preferentially with a continuous combination treatment either with a CD38-directed monoclonal antibody in combination with the immunomodulating agent lenalidomide or a lenalidomide-PI combination followed by lenalidomide maintenance. Key Messages: Primary goal of the initiated treatment is to induce a rapid and deep remission which ideally leads to an eradication of the residual plasma cell clone in sense of a minimal residual disease negativity. Achievement of long-term remission with limited toxicity despite continuous treatment strategies and maintenance or improvement of life-quality is key. Despite successful treatment options, specific difficult-to-treat subgroups, especially patients with high-risk myeloma remain with inferior prognosis and a clear unmet need for novel therapeutic strategies. Future concepts will evaluate cellular treatments and other innovative immunotherapies in first-line treatment in curative intention., (© 2021 S. Karger AG, Basel.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Challenges in treatment of patients with acute leukemia and COVID-19: a series of 12 patients.
- Author
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Ghandili S, Pfefferle S, Roedl K, Sonnemann P, Karagiannis P, Boenisch O, Kluge S, Schmiedel S, Ittrich H, Rohde H, Lütgehetmann M, Weisel K, Bokemeyer C, Wichmann D, Fiedler W, Jarczak D, and Modemann F
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Azacitidine therapeutic use, COVID-19 complications, COVID-19 virology, Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation, Female, Humans, Leukemia, B-Cell complications, Leukemia, B-Cell drug therapy, Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute complications, Male, Middle Aged, RNA, Viral metabolism, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, SARS-CoV-2 genetics, SARS-CoV-2 isolation & purification, Treatment Outcome, Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic therapeutic use, COVID-19 diagnosis, Cytarabine therapeutic use, Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute drug therapy
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Integrative public data-mining pipeline for the validation of novel independent prognostic biomarkers for lung adenocarcinoma.
- Author
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Ghandili S, Oqueka T, Schmitz M, Janning M, Körbelin J, Westphalen CB, P Haen S, Loges S, Bokemeyer C, Klose H, and K Hennigs J
- Subjects
- Biomarkers, Tumor genetics, Biomarkers, Tumor metabolism, Calcium-Binding Proteins genetics, Cohort Studies, Computer Simulation, Datasets as Topic, Humans, Ki-67 Antigen genetics, Ki-67 Antigen metabolism, Prognosis, RNA, Messenger metabolism, Survival Analysis, Transcriptome, Adenocarcinoma of Lung diagnosis, Calcium-Binding Proteins metabolism, Data Mining, Lung Neoplasms diagnosis
- Abstract
Aim: We aimed to develop a candidate-based integrative public data mining strategy for validation of novel prognostic markers in lung adenocarcinoma. Materials & methods: An in silico approach integrating meta-analyses of publicly available clinical information linked RNA expression, gene copy number and mutation datasets combined with independent immunohistochemistry and survival datasets. Results: After validation of pipeline integrity utilizing data from the well-characterized prognostic factor Ki-67, prognostic impact of the calcium- and integrin-binding protein, CIB1, was analyzed. CIB1 was overexpressed in lung adenocarcinoma which correlated with pathological tumor and pathological lymph node status and impaired overall/progression-free survival. In multivariate analyses, CIB1 emerged as UICC stage-independent risk factor for impaired survival. Conclusion: Our pipeline holds promise to facilitate further identification and validation of novel lung cancer-associated prognostic markers.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Differentiating autoimmune pancreatitis from pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma with CT radiomics features.
- Author
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Park S, Chu LC, Hruban RH, Vogelstein B, Kinzler KW, Yuille AL, Fouladi DF, Shayesteh S, Ghandili S, Wolfgang CL, Burkhart R, He J, Fishman EK, and Kawamoto S
- Subjects
- Aged, Diagnosis, Differential, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Pancreatic Ducts, Retrospective Studies, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Autoimmune Diseases diagnostic imaging, Autoimmune Pancreatitis, Pancreatic Neoplasms diagnostic imaging, Pancreatitis diagnostic imaging
- Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine whether computed tomography (CT)-based machine learning of radiomics features could help distinguish autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) from pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC)., Materials and Methods: Eighty-nine patients with AIP (65 men, 24 women; mean age, 59.7±13.9 [SD] years; range: 21-83 years) and 93 patients with PDAC (68 men, 25 women; mean age, 60.1±12.3 [SD] years; range: 36-86 years) were retrospectively included. All patients had dedicated dual-phase pancreatic protocol CT between 2004 and 2018. Thin-slice images (0.75/0.5mm thickness/increment) were compared with thick-slices images (3 or 5mm thickness/increment). Pancreatic regions involved by PDAC or AIP (areas of enlargement, altered enhancement, effacement of pancreatic duct) as well as uninvolved parenchyma were segmented as three-dimensional volumes. Four hundred and thirty-one radiomics features were extracted and a random forest was used to distinguish AIP from PDAC. CT data of 60 AIP and 60 PDAC patients were used for training and those of 29 AIP and 33 PDAC independent patients were used for testing., Results: The pancreas was diffusely involved in 37 (37/89; 41.6%) patients with AIP and not diffusely in 52 (52/89; 58.4%) patients. Using machine learning, 95.2% (59/62; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 89.8-100%), 83.9% (52:67; 95% CI: 74.7-93.0%) and 77.4% (48/62; 95% CI: 67.0-87.8%) of the 62 test patients were correctly classified as either having PDAC or AIP with thin-slice venous phase, thin-slice arterial phase, and thick-slice venous phase CT, respectively. Three of the 29 patients with AIP (3/29; 10.3%) were incorrectly classified as having PDAC but all 33 patients with PDAC (33/33; 100%) were correctly classified with thin-slice venous phase with 89.7% sensitivity (26/29; 95% CI: 78.6-100%) and 100% specificity (33/33; 95% CI: 93-100%) for the diagnosis of AIP, 95.2% accuracy (59/62; 95% CI: 89.8-100%) and area under the curve of 0.975 (95% CI: 0.936-1.0)., Conclusions: Radiomic features help differentiate AIP from PDAC with an overall accuracy of 95.2%., (Copyright © 2020 Société française de radiologie. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Abdominal wall and pelvic hernias: classic and unusual hernias and their mimics.
- Author
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Bedayat A, Hassani C, Chiang J, Hebroni F, Ghandili S, Chalian H, Khoshpouri P, Lo HS, and Karam AR
- Subjects
- Female, Hernia, Humans, Male, Pelvis, Abdominal Wall diagnostic imaging, Hernia, Abdominal diagnostic imaging
- Abstract
Abdominal and pelvic wall hernias are classically defined as a weakness or opening of the muscular wall through which abdominal or pelvic tissues protrude. The aim of this manuscript is to review the imaging findings of abdominal and pelvic wall hernias and their mimics and to discuss pearls and pitfalls for accurately diagnosing and classifying these entities., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Prevalence of Sigmoid Sinus Dehiscence and Diverticulum among Adults with Skull Base Cephaloceles.
- Author
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Sotoudeh H, Elsayed G, Ghandili S, Shafaat O, Bernstock JD, Chagoya G, Atchley T, Talati P, Segar D, Gupta S, and Singhal A
- Subjects
- Adult, Brain Diseases pathology, Diverticulum epidemiology, Encephalocele pathology, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Prevalence, Retrospective Studies, Skull Base, Brain Diseases epidemiology, Cranial Sinuses pathology, Encephalocele complications
- Abstract
Background and Purpose: Cephaloceles are relatively rare conditions caused by a congenital and/or acquired skull defect. The incidence of associated venous brain anomalies with regard to cephaloceles remains to be fully elucidated. Accordingly, we sought to assess the prevalence of sigmoid sinus dehiscence and diverticula in patients with spontaneous skull base cephaloceles., Materials and Methods: Our institutional data base was retrospectively queried from 2005 to 2018. Patients in whom spontaneous skull base cephaloceles were identified were ultimately included in the study cohort. These patients subsequently had their sigmoid sinuses re-evaluated with focused attention on the possible presence of dehiscence and/or diverticula., Results: We identified 56 patients: 12 men and 44 women. After re-evaluation of the sigmoid sinuses, evidence of dehiscence and/or diverticula was noted in 21 patients. The right sigmoid sinus was involved in 11 patients, and the left sigmoid sinus was involved in 7 patients, including 3 cases of diverticulum. In 3 patients, evidence of bilateral sigmoid sinus dehiscence and diverticula was noted. Female sex was associated with sigmoid sinus dehiscence and diverticula by univariate analysis ( P = .019). By linear regression, cephalocele volume was negatively associated with sigmoid sinus dehiscence and diverticula (coefficient, -2266, P value < .007, adjusted R
2 = 0.1077). By univariate logistic regression using average cephalocele volume as a cutoff, we demonstrate a statistically significant finding of lower volumes being associated with sigmoid sinus dehiscence and diverticula with an odds ratio of 3.58 ( P = .05)., Conclusions: The prevalence of sigmoid sinus dehiscence and diverticula in patients with cephalocele is high. Female sex is associated with sigmoid sinus dehiscence and diverticula. The cephalocele volume appears to be inversely proportional to sigmoid sinus dehiscence and diverticula., (© 2020 by American Journal of Neuroradiology.)- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Tracheobronchial Tumors: Radiologic-Pathologic Correlation of Tumors and Mimics.
- Author
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Bedayat A, Yang E, Ghandili S, Galera P, Chalian H, Ansari-Gilani K, and Guo HH
- Subjects
- Diagnosis, Differential, Humans, Bronchial Neoplasms diagnostic imaging, Bronchial Neoplasms pathology, Tracheal Neoplasms diagnostic imaging, Tracheal Neoplasms pathology
- Abstract
Tracheobronchial masses encompass a broad spectrum of entities, ranging from benign and malignant neoplasms to infectious and inflammatory processes. This article reviews the cross-sectional findings of tracheal tumors and tumor-like entities, correlates imaging findings with histologic pathology, and discusses pearls and pitfalls in accurately diagnosing and classifying tracheal tumors and mimics., (Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Emerging imaging techniques for acute pancreatitis.
- Author
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Ghandili S, Shayesteh S, Fouladi DF, Blanco A, and Chu LC
- Subjects
- Humans, Pancreatitis classification, Prognosis, Severity of Illness Index, Artificial Intelligence, Diagnostic Imaging trends, Pancreatitis diagnostic imaging
- Abstract
Acute pancreatitis (AP) is caused by acute inflammation of the pancreas and adjacent tissue and is a common source of abdominal pain. The current CT and MRI evaluation of AP is mostly based on morphologic features. Recent advances in image acquisition and analysis offer the opportunity to go beyond morphologic features. Advanced MR techniques such as diffusion-weighted imaging, as well as T1 and T2 mapping, can potentially quantify signal changes reflective of underlying tissue abnormalities. Advanced analytic techniques such as radiomics and artificial neural networks (ANNs) offer the promise of uncovering imaging biomarkers that can provide additional classification and prognostic information. The purpose of this article is to review recent advances in imaging acquisition and analytic techniques in the evaluation of AP.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. The Impact of Smoking Cessation and Continuation on Recurrence and Survival in Patients with Head and Neck Cancer: A Systematic Review of the Literature.
- Author
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von Kroge PR, Bokemeyer F, Ghandili S, Bokemeyer C, and Seidel C
- Subjects
- Antineoplastic Agents therapeutic use, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Head and Neck Neoplasms mortality, Head and Neck Neoplasms therapy, Humans, Male, Neoplasm Recurrence, Local mortality, Neoplasms, Second Primary mortality, Prognosis, Radiotherapy methods, Risk Factors, Smoking epidemiology, Survival Rate, Head and Neck Neoplasms epidemiology, Neoplasm Recurrence, Local epidemiology, Neoplasms, Second Primary epidemiology, Smoking adverse effects, Smoking Cessation statistics & numerical data
- Abstract
Background: The impact of smoking continuation or cessation on the outcome of head and neck cancer (HNC) patients concerning recurrence and survival rates is not well understood. We aimed to analyze the prognostic role of smoking habits in patients with newly diagnosed HNC and the effects on survival, recurrence rates, and second primary tumor (SPT) development., Methods: A systematic literature review of the databases PubMed and Web of Science was performed in October 2019 using the search words "head and neck cancer" and "smoking cessation." Articles analyzing the effects of ongoing smoking or smoking cessation in HNC patients were included., Results: Twelve studies published from 1993 to 2016 including 6,308 patients with HNC of stages I-IV were eligible for analysis. The median follow-up was 5 years. Six of 8 studies revealed an improved outcome concerning the median overall survival or survival rates favoring smoking cessation. Regarding recurrence rates, 5 of 6 studies indicated a statistically significant benefit associated with smoking cessation, and 2 of 3 studies showed a lower risk for SPT associated with postdiagnosis smoking cessation., Conclusion: Smoking cessation in patients with newly diagnosed HNC is associated with improved outcomes concerning overall survival, recurrence rates, and SPTs. Further research is needed to validate these results and to evaluate the specific effects on different tumor types and treatment approaches., (© 2020 S. Karger AG, Basel.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Pancreatic Metastasis from Endometrial Carcinoma.
- Author
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Ghandili S, Bardenhagen J, and Izbicki JR
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Predictors of Long-term Success After Concomitant Surgical Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation.
- Author
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Pecha S, Ghandili S, Hakmi S, Willems S, Reichenspurner H, and Wagner FM
- Subjects
- Action Potentials, Aged, Atrial Fibrillation complications, Atrial Fibrillation diagnosis, Atrial Fibrillation physiopathology, Chi-Square Distribution, Disease-Free Survival, Electrocardiography, Ambulatory, Female, Heart Atria physiopathology, Heart Diseases complications, Heart Diseases diagnosis, Heart Diseases physiopathology, Heart Rate, Humans, Logistic Models, Male, Middle Aged, Multivariate Analysis, Pulmonary Veins physiopathology, Recurrence, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, Time Factors, Treatment Outcome, Atrial Fibrillation surgery, Cardiac Surgical Procedures adverse effects, Catheter Ablation adverse effects, Heart Atria surgery, Heart Diseases surgery, Pulmonary Veins surgery
- Abstract
According to guidelines, atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation success should be measured by 24-hour Holter electrocardiogram (ECG). However, information on long-term success, especially obtained by 24-hour Holter ECG, is rare. We therefore analyzed rhythm course and long-term outcomes of our patients undergoing concomitant surgical AF ablation. Between January 2003 and April 2011, 486 patients underwent concomitant surgical AF ablation in our institution. Patients with 24-hour Holter ECG rhythm status available between 5 and 10 years postoperatively were included in this retrospective data analysis (n = 155). Ablation lesions were limited to either a pulmonary vein isolation (n = 31, 20%), a more complex left atrial lesion set (n = 89, 57%), or biatrial lesions (n = 35, 23%). Primary end point of the study was freedom from AF during long-term follow-up. Mean patient age was 68.1 ± 8.4 years; 57.4% were male. Mean follow-up time was 5.9 years. Surgical AF ablation provided freedom from AF rate of 56.6% during long-term follow-up, with significantly better results in patients with paroxysmal than in those with persistent AF (67.2% vs 51.8% P = 0.03). A stable rhythm course was observed during follow-up, without statistically significant differences between 12 months and latest follow-up (63.2% vs 56.6%; P = 0.25). In multivariate analysis, preoperative paroxysmal AF, duration of AF, and left atrial diameter were predictors of long-term ablation success. Surgical AF ablation provided freedom from AF rate of 56.6% during long-term follow-up. Statistically significant predictors of ablation success at latest follow-up were preoperative paroxysmal AF, duration of AF, and a preoperative smaller left atrial diameter., (Copyright © 2017. Published by Elsevier Inc.)
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. First report of a bifunctional chitinase/lysozyme produced by Bacillus pumilus SG2.
- Author
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Ghasemi S, Ahmadian G, Sadeghi M, Zeigler DR, Rahimian H, Ghandili S, Naghibzadeh N, and Dehestani A
- Subjects
- Amino Acid Sequence, Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology, Antifungal Agents pharmacology, Bacillus genetics, Bacillus metabolism, Bacteria classification, Bacteria drug effects, Chitin metabolism, Chitinases chemistry, Chitinases genetics, Chitinases isolation & purification, Cloning, Molecular, Fungi classification, Fungi drug effects, Genetic Vectors, Iran, Models, Molecular, Molecular Sequence Data, Muramidase chemistry, Muramidase genetics, Muramidase isolation & purification, Peptidoglycan, Plant Diseases microbiology, Recombinant Proteins chemistry, Recombinant Proteins genetics, Recombinant Proteins isolation & purification, Recombinant Proteins metabolism, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Anti-Bacterial Agents metabolism, Antifungal Agents metabolism, Bacillus enzymology, Chitinases metabolism, Muramidase metabolism
- Abstract
Bacillus pumilus SG2 isolated from high salinity ecosystem in Iran produces two chitinases (ChiS and ChiL) and secretes them into the medium. In this study, chiS and chiL genes were cloned in pQE-30 expression vector and were expressed in the cytoplasm of Escherichia coli strain M15. The recombinant proteins were purified using Ni-NTA column. The optimum pH and optimum temperature for enzyme activity of ChiS were pH 6, 50°C; those of ChiL were pH 6.5, 40°C. The purified chitinases showed antifungal activity against Fusarium graminearum, Rhizoctonia solani, Magnaporthe grisea, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Trichoderma reesei, Botrytis cinerea and Bipolaris sp. Moreover, purified ChiS was identified as chitinase/lysozyme, which are capable of degrading the chitin component of fungal cell walls and the peptidoglycan component of cell walls with many kinds of bacteria (Xanthomonas translucens pv. hordei, Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri, Bacillus licheniformis, E. coli C600, E. coli TOP10, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Pseudomonas putida). Strong homology was found between the three-dimensional structures of ChiS and a chitinase/lysozyme from Bacillus circulans WL-12. This is the first report of a bifunctional chitinase/lysozyme from B. pumilus., (Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Efficient binding of nickel ions to recombinant Bacillus subtilis spores.
- Author
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Hinc K, Ghandili S, Karbalaee G, Shali A, Noghabi KA, Ricca E, and Ahmadian G
- Subjects
- Bacillus subtilis genetics, Bacterial Proteins genetics, Biodegradation, Environmental, Protein Binding, Spores, Bacterial genetics, Bacillus subtilis metabolism, Bacterial Proteins metabolism, Nickel metabolism, Protein Engineering, Spores, Bacterial metabolism
- Abstract
We report the use of recombinant spores of Bacillus subtilis as a potential bioremediation tool for adsorption of nickel ions. The spore surface protein CotB, previously used for the display of heterologous antigens, was engineered to express eighteen histidine residues within the spore coat. Wild type and recombinant spores were then analyzed to assess their efficiency in adsorbing nickel ions, and the latter proved to be significantly more efficient than wild type spores in metal-binding. The quantities of spores used in the adsorption reaction significantly affected nickel binding, while other factors such as pH and temperature did not show relevant effects. In addition, simple washing procedures were used to partially release spore-bound nickel ions by wild type and recombinant spores. The efficiency of nickel binding, together with the simple purification procedure, the high robustness and safety of B. subtilis spores and the possibility of recovering bound nickel, makes the recombinant spore a new and potentially powerful tool for the treatment of contaminated ecosystems., (Copyright © 2010 Institut Pasteur. Published by Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Characterization of beta-lactamases from urinary isolates of Escherichia coli in Tehran.
- Author
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Hosseini-Mazinani SM, Eftekhar F, Milani M, and Ghandili S
- Subjects
- DNA, Bacterial genetics, DNA, Bacterial isolation & purification, Escherichia coli drug effects, Escherichia coli genetics, Escherichia coli isolation & purification, Humans, Iran, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Plasmids, Polymerase Chain Reaction, beta-Lactamases isolation & purification, Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology, Escherichia coli enzymology, Lactams pharmacology, Urine microbiology, beta-Lactamases metabolism
- Abstract
Background: Knowledge of antimicrobial resistance patterns in E. coli, the predominant pathogen associated with urinary tract infections (UTI) is important as a guide in selecting empirical antimicrobial therapy., Methods: To describe the antimicrobial susceptibility of E. coli associated with UTI in a major university hospital in Tehran (Iran), seventy-six clinical isolates of E. coli were studied for susceptibility to beta-lactam antibiotics by the disc diffusion method and Minimal Inhibitory Concentrations determination., Results: All isolates were resistant to ampicillin, amoxicillin and oxacillin. Resistance to the other tested antibiotics was shown to be 93.4% to cefradine, 76.3% to carbenicillin, 47.3% to cefazoline, 50% to cefalexin and 32.8% to cephalothin while 1.3% expressed resistance to cefoxitime, and 2.6% were resistant to ceftizoxime and ceftriaxone. Two isolates (2.4%) harbored extended spectrum -lactamases (ESBL) shown by the double disc diffusion method. Substrate hydrolysis by ultra violet spectroscopy showed that 87.4% harbored penicillinases, 9% produced cephlosporinases and 3.6% degraded both substrates. Clavulanic acid inhibited enzyme activity in 82.9%, of which 78.95% was penicillinases (group IIa) and 3.95% was cephalosporinases (group IIb) of the Bush classification system. The rest of the isolates (6.58 %) were placed in group IV -lactamases. No group III -lactamase was found, as EDTA inhibited none of the enzymes. DNA amplification by polymerase chain reaction using specific primers for ampC, TEM and SHV type -lactamases for all of the isolates showed that 47 organisms (60%) carried the TEM gene and 18 isolates (24%) harbored blaTEM and ampC genes. About 26% of the organisms harbored SHV type enzymes. type enzymes., Conclusion: These results indicate that E. coli can posses a variety of beta-lactamases that are responsible for beta-lactam resistance.
- Published
- 2007
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