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1. Weak Gravitational Lensing around Low Surface Brightness Galaxies in the DES Year 3 Data

Author: N. Chicoine, J. Prat, G. Zacharegkas, C. Chang, D. Tanoglidis, A. Drlica-Wagner, D. Anbajagane, S. Adhikari, A. Amon, R. H. Wechsler, A. Alarcon, K. Bechtol, M. R. Becker, G. M. Bernstein, A. Campos, A. Carnero Rosell, M. Carrasco Kind, R. Cawthon, R. Chen, A. Choi, J. Cordero, C. Davis, J. DeRose, S. Dodelson, C. Doux, K. Eckert, J. Elvin-Poole, S. Everett, A. Ferté, M. Gatti, G. Giannini, D. Gruen, R. A. Gruendl, I. Harrison, K. Herner, M. Jarvis, P. -F. Leget, N. MacCrann, J. McCullough, J. Myles, A. Navarro-Alsina, S. Pandey, M. Raveri, R. P. Rollins, A. Roodman, A. J. Ross, E. S. Rykoff, C. Sánchez, L. F. Secco, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, E. Sheldon, T. Shin, M. A. Troxel, I. Tutusaus, T. N. Varga, B. Yanny, B. Yin, J. Zuntz, M. Aguena, O. Alves, D. Bacon, D. Brooks, J. Carretero, F. J. Castander, C. Conselice, S. Desai, J. De Vicente, P. Doel, I. Ferrero, B. Flaugher, J. Frieman, J. García-Bellido, E. Gaztanaga, G. Gutierrez, S. R. Hinton, D. L. Hollowood, K. Honscheid, D. J. James, K. Kuehn, S. Lee, C. Lidman, M. Lima, J. L. Marshall, J. Mena-Fernández, R. Miquel, J. Muir, R. L. C. Ogando, A. Palmese, M. E. S. Pereira, A. Pieres, A. A. Plazas Malagón, A. Porredon, A. R. Walker, S. Samuroff, E. Sanchez, D. Sanchez Cid, M. Smith, E. Suchyta, M. E. C. Swanson, G. Tarle, C. To, D. L. Tucker, V. Vikram, N. Weaverdyck, and P. Wiseman
Subjects: Astronomy, QB1-991, Astrophysics, QB460-466
Abstract: We present galaxy-galaxy lensing measurements using a sample of low surface brightness galaxies (LSBGs) drawn from the Dark Energy Survey Year 3 (Y3) data as lenses. LSBGs are diffuse galaxies with a surface brightness dimmer than the ambient night sky. These dark-matter-dominated objects are intriguing due to potentially unusual formation channels that lead to their diffuse stellar component. Given the faintness of LSBGs, using standard observational techniques to characterize their total masses proves challenging. Weak gravitational lensing, which is less sensitive to the stellar component of galaxies, could be a promising avenue to estimate the masses of LSBGs. Our LSBG sample consists of 23,790 galaxies separated into red and blue color types at $g-i\ge 0.60$ and $g-i< 0.60$, respectively. Combined with the DES Y3 shear catalog, we measure the tangential shear around these LSBGs and find signal-to-noise ratios of 6.67 for the red sample, 2.17 for the blue sample, and 5.30 for the full sample. We use the clustering redshifts method to obtain redshift distributions for the red and blue LSBG samples. Assuming all red LSBGs are satellites, we fit a simple model to the measurements and estimate the host halo mass of these LSBGs to be $\log(M_{\rm host}/M_{\odot}) = 12.98 ^{+0.10}_{-0.11}$. We place a 95% upper bound on the subhalo mass at $\log(M_{\rm sub}/M_{\odot})
Published: 2024
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2. AI for Technoscientific Discovery: A Human-Inspired Architecture

Author: J.Y. Tsao, R.G. Abbott, D.C. Crowder, S. Desai, R.P.M. Dingreville, J.E. Fowler, A. Garland, P.P. Iyer, J. Murdock, S.T. Steinmetz, K.A. Yarritu, C.M. Johnson, and D.J. Stracuzzi
Subjects: Artificial intelligence, creativity, extended neurosymbolic knowledge, technoscientific method, Consciousness. Cognition, BF309-499
Abstract: We present a high-level architecture for how artificial intelligences might advance and accumulate scientific and technological knowledge, inspired by emerging perspectives on how human intelligences advance and accumulate such knowledge. Agents advance knowledge by exercising a technoscientific method—an interacting combination of scientific and engineering methods. The technoscientific method maximizes a quantity we call “useful learning” via more-creative implausible utility (including the “aha!” moments of discovery), as well as via less-creative plausible utility. Society accumulates the knowledge advanced by agents so that other agents can incorporate and build on to make further advances. The proposed architecture is challenging but potentially complete: its execution might in principle enable artificial intelligences to advance and accumulate an equivalent of the full range of human scientific and technological knowledge.
Published: 2024
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3. Impact of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor use on peak VO2 in advanced heart failure patients

Author: A. Desai, S. Sharma, N. Abuah, J. Jang, S. Desai, S. Paghdhar, and R. M. Goswami
Subjects: heart failure, diabetes, SGLT2i, exercise test, CPET, functional capacity, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701
Abstract: IntroductionAdvanced heart failure (HF) is an epidemic that affects multiple organ systems with high morbidity and mortality rates despite optimal medical therapy (OMT) and remains the leading cause of hospitalizations in type 2 diabetes-related cardiovascular disease. The addition of sodium-glucose co-transporter inhibitors (SGLT2i) in treating these patients has seen improved mortality and hospital admission rates. As such, we felt it was important to investigate whether the use of SGLT2i improved functional capacity in patients with HF when compared to OMT by evaluating maximum oxygen consumption (peak VO2) using cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET).MethodsWe found 94 heart failure patients between August 2020 and August 2021 who underwent CPET before and after treatment at Mayo Clinic in Florida. 50 patients received OMT and 44 received OMT and SGLT2i therapy. CPET results before and after were compared for each group.ResultsThe baseline ejection fraction was not significantly different between groups, with the OMT group at 38% and the SGLT2i group at 33%, p = 0.10. OMT patients were found to have a significantly lower hemoglobin A1c of 5.7 (5.4–6.1) compared to those with SGLT2i therapy of 6.4 (5.8–7.1), p = 0.01. The baseline peak VO2 was 17.3 ml/kg/min (13.3–21.6) in the OMT group and 17.3 ml/kg/min (14.4–18.9) in the SGLT2i group, p = 0.18, not significantly different. The interesting finding is that the follow-up peak VO2 at one year for the OMT group was 17 ml/kg/min (13.3–21.6), which was not significantly different from the SGLT2i group peak VO2 of 17 ml/kg/min (14.6–19.6), p = 0.19. Our study is the first to compare before and after peak VO2 values of the OMT+SGLT2i group to the patient's own baseline and we found no significant improvement.ConclusionOur single-center data shows no improvement in functional capacity after the addition of SGLT2i therapy to OMT in patients with advanced heart failure. Improved hospitalization and symptoms may be attributed to other numerous effects of SGLT2i such as volume management.
Published: 2024
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4. Galaxy Clusters Discovered via the Thermal Sunyaev-Zel’dovich Effect in the 500-square-degree SPTpol Survey

Author: L. E. Bleem, M. Klein, T. M. C. Abbot, P. A. R. Ade, M. Aguena, O. Alves, A.J. Anderson, F. Andrade-Oliveira, B. Ansarinejad, M. Archipley, M. L. N. Ashby, J. E. Austermann, D. Bacon, J. A. Beall, A. N. Bender, B. A. Benson, F. Bianchini, S. Bocquet, D. Brooks, D. L. Burke, M. Calzadilla, J. E. Carlstrom, A. Carnero Rosell, J. Carretero, C. L. Chang, P. Chaubal, H. C. Chiang, T-L. Chou, R. Citron, C. Corbett Moran, M. Costanzi, M. Constanzi, T. M. Crawford, A. T. Crites, L. N. da Costa, T. de Haan, J. De Vicente, S. Desai, M. A. Dobbs, P. Doel, W. Everett, I. Ferrero, B. Flaugher, B. Floyd, D. Friedel, J. Frieman, J. Gallicchio, J. Garc'ia-Bellido, M. Gatti, E. M. George, G. Giannini, S. Grandis, D. Gruen, R. A. Gruendl, N. Gupta, G. Gutierrez, N. W. Halverson, S. R. Hinton, G. P. Holder, D. L. Hollowood, W. L. Holzapfel, K. Honscheid, J. D. Hrubes, N. Huang, J. Hubmayr, K. D. Irwin, J. Mena-Fernández, D. J. James, F. Kéruzoré, L. Knox, K. Kuehn, O. Lahav, A. T. Lee, S. Lee, D. Li, A. Lowitz, J. L. Marshal, M. McDonald, J. J. McMahon, F. Menanteau, S. S. Meyer, R. Miquel, J. J. Mohr, J. Montgomery, J. Myles, T. Natoli, J. P. Nibarger, G. I. Noble, V. Novosad, R. L. C. Ogando, S. Padin, S. Patil, M. E. S. Pereira, A. Pieres, A. A. Plazas Malag'on, C. Pryke, C. L. Reichardt, M. Rodr'iguez-Monroy, A. K. Romer, J. E. Ruhl, B. R. Saliwanchik, L. Salvati, E. Sanchez, A. Saro, K. K. Schaffer, T. Schrabback, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, C. Sievers, G. Smecher, M. Smith, T. Somboonpanyakul, B. Stalder, A. A. Stark, E. Suchyta, M. E. C. Swanson, G. Tarle, C. To, C. Tucker, T. Veach, J. D. Vieira, M. Vincenzi, G. Wang, J. Weller, N. Whitehorn, P. Wiseman, W. L. K. Wu, V. Yefremenko, J. A. Zebrowski, and Y. Zhang
Subjects: Astronomy, QB1-991, Astrophysics, QB460-466
Published: 2024
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5. The Dark Energy Survey: Cosmology Results with ∼1500 New High-redshift Type Ia Supernovae Using the Full 5 yr Data Set

Author: DES Collaboration: T. M. C. Abbott, M. Acevedo, M. Aguena, A. Alarcon, S. Allam, O. Alves, A. Amon, F. Andrade-Oliveira, J. Annis, P. Armstrong, J. Asorey, S. Avila, D. Bacon, B. A. Bassett, K. Bechtol, P. H. Bernardinelli, G. M. Bernstein, E. Bertin, J. Blazek, S. Bocquet, D. Brooks, D. Brout, E. Buckley-Geer, D. L. Burke, H. Camacho, R. Camilleri, A. Campos, A. Carnero Rosell, D. Carollo, A. Carr, J. Carretero, F. J. Castander, R. Cawthon, C. Chang, R. Chen, A. Choi, C. Conselice, M. Costanzi, L. N. da Costa, M. Crocce, T. M. Davis, D. L. DePoy, S. Desai, H. T. Diehl, M. Dixon, S. Dodelson, P. Doel, C. Doux, A. Drlica-Wagner, J. Elvin-Poole, S. Everett, I. Ferrero, A. Ferté, B. Flaugher, R. J. Foley, P. Fosalba, D. Friedel, J. Frieman, C. Frohmaier, L. Galbany, J. García-Bellido, M. Gatti, E. Gaztanaga, G. Giannini, K. Glazebrook, O. Graur, D. Gruen, R. A. Gruendl, G. Gutierrez, W. G. Hartley, K. Herner, S. R. Hinton, D. L. Hollowood, K. Honscheid, D. Huterer, B. Jain, D. J. James, N. Jeffrey, E. Kasai, L. Kelsey, S. Kent, R. Kessler, A. G. Kim, R. P. Kirshner, E. Kovacs, K. Kuehn, O. Lahav, J. Lee, S. Lee, G. F. Lewis, T. S. Li, C. Lidman, H. Lin, U. Malik, J. L. Marshall, P. Martini, J. Mena-Fernández, F. Menanteau, R. Miquel, J. J. Mohr, J. Mould, J. Muir, A. Möller, E. Neilsen, R. C. Nichol, P. Nugent, R. L. C. Ogando, A. Palmese, Y.-C. Pan, M. Paterno, W. J. Percival, M. E. S. Pereira, A. Pieres, A. A. Plazas Malagón, B. Popovic, A. Porredon, J. Prat, H. Qu, M. Raveri, M. Rodríguez-Monroy, A. K. Romer, A. Roodman, B. Rose, M. Sako, E. Sanchez, D. Sanchez Cid, M. Schubnell, D. Scolnic, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, P. Shah, J. Allyn. Smith, M. Smith, M. Soares-Santos, E. Suchyta, M. Sullivan, N. Suntzeff, M. E. C. Swanson, B. O. Sánchez, G. Tarle, G. Taylor, D. Thomas, C. To, M. Toy, M. A. Troxel, B. E. Tucker, D. L. Tucker, S. A. Uddin, M. Vincenzi, A. R. Walker, N. Weaverdyck, R. H. Wechsler, J. Weller, W. Wester, P. Wiseman, M. Yamamoto, F. Yuan, B. Zhang, and Y. Zhang
Subjects: Cosmology, Type Ia supernovae, Dark energy, Dark matter, Astrophysics, QB460-466
Abstract: We present cosmological constraints from the sample of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) discovered and measured during the full 5 yr of the Dark Energy Survey (DES) SN program. In contrast to most previous cosmological samples, in which SNe are classified based on their spectra, we classify the DES SNe using a machine learning algorithm applied to their light curves in four photometric bands. Spectroscopic redshifts are acquired from a dedicated follow-up survey of the host galaxies. After accounting for the likelihood of each SN being an SN Ia, we find 1635 DES SNe in the redshift range 0.10 < z < 1.13 that pass quality selection criteria sufficient to constrain cosmological parameters. This quintuples the number of high-quality z > 0.5 SNe compared to the previous leading compilation of Pantheon+ and results in the tightest cosmological constraints achieved by any SN data set to date. To derive cosmological constraints, we combine the DES SN data with a high-quality external low-redshift sample consisting of 194 SNe Ia spanning 0.025 < z < 0.10. Using SN data alone and including systematic uncertainties, we find Ω _M = 0.352 ± 0.017 in flat ΛCDM. SN data alone now require acceleration ( q _0 < 0 in ΛCDM) with over 5 σ confidence. We find $({{\rm{\Omega }}}_{{\rm{M}}},w)=({0.264}_{-0.096}^{+0.074},-{0.80}_{-0.16}^{+0.14})$ in flat w CDM. For flat w _0 w _a CDM, we find $({{\rm{\Omega }}}_{{\rm{M}}},{w}_{0},{w}_{a})=({0.495}_{-0.043}^{+0.033},-{0.36}_{-0.30}^{+0.36},-{8.8}_{-4.5}^{+3.7})$ , consistent with a constant equation of state to within ∼2 σ . Including Planck cosmic microwave background, Sloan Digital Sky Survey baryon acoustic oscillation, and DES 3 × 2pt data gives (Ω _M , w ) = (0.321 ± 0.007, −0.941 ± 0.026). In all cases, dark energy is consistent with a cosmological constant to within ∼2 σ . Systematic errors on cosmological parameters are subdominant compared to statistical errors; these results thus pave the way for future photometrically classified SN analyses.
Published: 2024
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6. DES Y3 + KiDS-1000: Consistent cosmology combining cosmic shear surveys

Author: Dark Energy Survey, Kilo-Degree Survey Collaboration, T. M. C. Abbott, M. Aguena, A. Alarcon, O. Alves, A. Amon, F. Andrade-Oliveira, M. Asgari, S. Avila, D. Bacon, K. Bechtol, M. R. Becker, G. M. Bernstein, E. Bertin, M. Bilicki, J. Blazek, S. Bocquet, D. Brooks, P. Burger, D. L. Burke, H. Camacho, A. Campos, A. Carnero Rosell, M. Carrasco Kind, J. Carretero, F. J. Castander, R. Cawthon, C. Chang, R. Chen, A. Choi, C. Conselice, J. Cordero, M. Crocce, L. N. da Costa, M. E. da Silva Pereira, R. Dalal, C. Davis, J. T. A. deJong, J. DeRose, S. Desai, H. T. Diehl, S. Dodelson, P. Doel, C. Doux, A. Drlica-Wagner, A. Dvornik, K. Eckert, T. F. Eifler, J. Elvin-Poole, S. Everett, X. Fang, I. Ferrero, A. Ferté, B. Flaugher, O. Friedrich, J. Frieman, J. García-Bellido, M. Gatti, G. Giannini, B. Giblin, D. Gruen, R. A. Gruendl, G. Gutierrez, I. Harrison, W. G. Hartley, K. Herner, C. Heymans, H. Hildebrandt, S. R. Hinton, H. Hoekstra, D. L. Hollowood, K. Honscheid, H. Huang, E. M. Huff, D. Huterer, D. J. James, M. Jarvis, N. Jeffrey, T. Jeltema, B. Joachimi, S. Joudaki, A. Kannawadi, E. Krause, K. Kuehn, K. Kuijken, N. Kuropatkin, O. Lahav, P. -F. Leget, P. Lemos, S. Li, X. Li, A. R. Liddle, M. Lima, C. -A Lin, H. Lin, N. MacCrann, C. Mahony, J. L. Marshall, J. McCullough, J. Mena-Fernández, F. Menanteau, R. Miquel, J. J. Mohr, J. Muir, J. Myles, N. Napolitano, A. Navarro-Alsina, R. L. C. Ogando, A. Palmese, S. Pandey, Y. Park, M. Paterno, J. A. Peacock, D. Petravick, A. Pieres, A. A. Plazas Malagón, A. Porredon, J. Prat, M. Radovich, M. Raveri, R. Reischke, N. C. Robertson, R. P. Rollins, A. K. Romer, A. Roodman, E. S. Rykoff, S. Samuroff, C. Sánchez, E. Sanchez, J. Sanchez, P. Schneider, L. F. Secco, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, H.-Y. Shan, E. Sheldon, T. Shin, C. Sifón, M. Smith, M. Soares-Santos, B. Stölzner, E. Suchyta, M. E. C. Swanson, G. Tarle, D. Thomas, C. To, M. A. Troxel, T. Tröster, I. Tutusaus, J. L. van den Busch, T. N. Varga, A. R. Walker, N. Weaverdyck, R. H. Wechsler, J. Weller, P. Wiseman, A. H. Wright, B. Yanny, B. Yin, M. Yoon, Y. Zhang, and J. Zuntz
Subjects: Astronomy, QB1-991, Astrophysics, QB460-466
Abstract: We present a joint cosmic shear analysis of the Dark Energy Survey (DES Y3) and the Kilo-Degree Survey (KiDS-1000) in a collaborative effort between the two survey teams. We find consistent cosmological parameter constraints between DES Y3 and KiDS-1000 which, when combined in a joint-survey analysis, constrain the parameter $S_8 = \sigma_8 \sqrt{\Omega_{\rm m}/0.3}$ with a mean value of $0.790^{+0.018}_{-0.014}$. The mean marginal is lower than the maximum a posteriori estimate, $S_8=0.801$, owing to skewness in the marginal distribution and projection effects in the multi-dimensional parameter space. Our results are consistent with $S_8$ constraints from observations of the cosmic microwave background by Planck, with agreement at the $1.7\sigma$ level. We use a Hybrid analysis pipeline, defined from a mock survey study quantifying the impact of the different analysis choices originally adopted by each survey team. We review intrinsic alignment models, baryon feedback mitigation strategies, priors, samplers and models of the non-linear matter power spectrum. Supplementary information: you can download the chains here or create your own chains with CosmoSIS here.
Published: 2023
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7. DES Y3 + KiDS-1000: Consistent cosmology combining cosmic shear surveys

Author: T.M.C. Abbott, M. Aguena, A. Alarcon, O. Alves, A. Amon, F. Andrade-Oliveira, M. Asgari, S. Avila, D. Bacon, K. Bechtol, M. R. Becker, G. M. Bernstein, E. Bertin, M. Bilicki, J. Blazek, S. Bocquet, D. Brooks, P. Burger, D. L. Burke, H. Camacho, A. Campos, A. Carnero Rosell, M. Carrasco Kind, J. Carretero, F. J. Castander, R. Cawthon, C. Chang, R. Chen, A. Choi, C. Conselice, J. Cordero, M. Crocce, L. N. da Costa, M. E. da Silva Pereira, R. Dalal, C. Davis, J. T. A. de Jong, J. DeRose, S. Desai, H. T. Diehl, S. Dodelson, P. Doel, C. Doux, A. Drlica-Wagner, A. Dvornik, K. Eckert, T. F. Eifler, J. Elvin-Poole, S. Everett, X. Fang, I. Ferrero, A. Ferté, B. Flaugher, O. Friedrich, J. Frieman, J. García-Bellido, M. Gatti, G. Giannini, B. Giblin, D. Gruen, R. A. Gruendl, G. Gutierrez, I. Harrison, W. G. Hartley, K. Herner, C. Heymans, H. Hildebrandt, S. R. Hinton, H. Hoekstra, D. L. Hollowood, K. Honscheid, H. Huang, E. M. Huff, D. Huterer, D. J. James, M. Jarvis, N. Jeffrey, T. Jeltema, B. Joachimi, S. Joudaki, A. Kannawadi, E. Krause, K. Kuehn, K. Kuijken, N. Kuropatkin, O. Lahav, P.-F. Leget, P. Lemos, S.-S. Li, X. Li, A. R. Liddle, M. Lima, C.-A. Lin, H. Lin, N. MacCrann, C. Mahony, J. L. Marshall, J. McCullough, J. Mena-Fernández, F. Menanteau, R. Miquel, J. J. Mohr, J. Muir, J. Myles, N. Napolitano, A. Navarro-Alsina, R. L. C. Ogando, A. Palmese, S. Pandey, Y. Park, M. Paterno, J. A. Peacock, D. Petravick, A. Pieres, A. A. Plazas Malagón, A. Porredon, J. Prat, M. Radovich, M. Raveri, R. Reischke, N. C. Robertson, R. P. Rollins, A. K. Romer, A. Roodman, E. S. Rykoff, S. Samuroff, C. Sánchez, E. Sanchez, J. Sanchez, P. Schneider, L. F. Secco, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, H.-Y. Shan, E. Sheldon, T. Shin, C. Sifón, M. Smith, M. Soares-Santos, B. Stölzner, E. Suchyta, M. E. C. Swanson, G. Tarle, D. Thomas, C. To, M. A. Troxel, T. Tröster, I. Tutusaus, J. L. van den Busch, T. N. Varga, A. R. Walker, N. Weaverdyck, R. H. Wechsler, J. Weller, P. Wiseman, A. H. Wright, B. Yanny, B. Yin, M. Yoon, Y. Zhang, and J. Zuntz
Subjects: Astronomy, QB1-991, Astrophysics, QB460-466
Published: 2023
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8. Environmental Quenching of Low-surface-brightness Galaxies Near Hosts from Large Magellanic Cloud to Milky Way Mass Scales

Author: J. Bhattacharyya, A. H. G. Peter, P. Martini, B. Mutlu-Pakdil, A. Drlica-Wagner, A. B. Pace, L. E. Strigari, T.-Y. Cheng, D. Roberts, D. Tanoglidis, M. Aguena, O. Alves, F. Andrade-Oliveira, D. Bacon, D. Brooks, A. Carnero Rosell, J. Carretero, L. N. da Costa, M. E. S. Pereira, T. M. Davis, S. Desai, P. Doel, I. Ferrero, J. Frieman, J. García-Bellido, G. Giannini, D. Gruen, R. A. Gruendl, S. R. Hinton, D. L. Hollowood, K. Honscheid, D. J. James, K. Kuehn, J. L. Marshall, J. Mena-Fernández, R. Miquel, A. Palmese, A. Pieres, A. A. Plazas Malagón, E. Sanchez, B. Santiago, M. Schubnell, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, M. Smith, E. Suchyta, M. E. C. Swanson, G. Tarle, M. Vincenzi, A. R. Walker, N. Weaverdyck, P. Wiseman, and Dark Energy Survey Collaboration
Subjects: Galaxy colors, Low surface brightness galaxies, Galaxy quenching, Galaxy evolution, Astrophysics, QB460-466
Abstract: Low-surface-brightness galaxies (LSBGs) are excellent probes of quenching and other environmental processes near massive galaxies. We study an extensive sample of LSBGs near massive hosts in the local universe that are distributed across a diverse range of environments. The LSBGs with surface-brightness ${\mu }_{\mathrm{eff},{g}}\gt 24.2\,\mathrm{mag}\,{\mathrm{arcsec}}^{-2}$ are drawn from the Dark Energy Survey Year 3 catalog while the hosts with masses $9.0\lt \mathrm{log}({{ \mathcal M }}_{\star }/{M}_{\odot })\lt 11.0$ comparable to the Milky Way and the Large Magellanic Cloud are selected from the z0MGS sample. We study the projected radial density profiles of LSBGs as a function of their color and surface brightness around hosts in both the rich Fornax–Eridanus cluster environment and the low-density field. We detect an overdensity with respect to the background density, out to 2.5 times the virial radius for both hosts in the cluster environment and the isolated field galaxies. When the LSBG sample is split by g − i color or surface brightness μ _eff, _g , we find the LSBGs closer to their hosts are significantly redder and brighter, like their high-surface-brightness counterparts. The LSBGs form a clear “red sequence” in both the cluster and isolated environments that is visible beyond the virial radius of the hosts. This suggests preprocessing of infalling LSBGs and a quenched backsplash population around both host samples. More so, the relative prominence of the “blue cloud” feature implies that preprocessing is ongoing near the isolated hosts compared to the cluster environment where the LSBGs are already well processed.
Published: 2024
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9. The Dark Energy Survey Supernova Program: Cosmological Analysis and Systematic Uncertainties

Author: M. Vincenzi, D. Brout, P. Armstrong, B. Popovic, G. Taylor, M. Acevedo, R. Camilleri, R. Chen, T. M. Davis, J. Lee, C. Lidman, S. R. Hinton, L. Kelsey, R. Kessler, A. Möller, H. Qu, M. Sako, B. Sanchez, D. Scolnic, M. Smith, M. Sullivan, P. Wiseman, J. Asorey, B. A. Bassett, D. Carollo, A. Carr, R. J. Foley, C. Frohmaier, L. Galbany, K. Glazebrook, O. Graur, E. Kovacs, K. Kuehn, U. Malik, R. C. Nichol, B. Rose, B. E. Tucker, M. Toy, D. L. Tucker, F. Yuan, T. M. C. Abbott, M. Aguena, O. Alves, S. S. Allam, F. Andrade-Oliveira, J. Annis, D. Bacon, K. Bechtol, G. M. Bernstein, D. Brooks, D. L. Burke, A. Carnero Rosell, J. Carretero, F. J. Castander, C. Conselice, L. N. da Costa, M. E. S. Pereira, S. Desai, H. T. Diehl, P. Doel, I. Ferrero, B. Flaugher, D. Friedel, J. Frieman, J. García-Bellido, M. Gatti, G. Giannini, D. Gruen, R. A. Gruendl, D. L. Hollowood, K. Honscheid, D. Huterer, D. J. James, N. Kuropatkin, O. Lahav, S. Lee, H. Lin, J. L. Marshall, J. Mena-Fernández, F. Menanteau, R. Miquel, A. Palmese, A. Pieres, A. A. Plazas Malagón, A. Porredon, A. K. Romer, A. Roodman, E. Sanchez, D. Sanchez Cid, M. Schubnell, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, E. Suchyta, M. E. C. Swanson, G. Tarle, C. To, A. R. Walker, N. Weaverdyck, M. Yamamoto, and DES Collaboration
Subjects: Type Ia supernovae, Cosmological constant experiments, Dark energy, Cosmological parameters, Astrophysics, QB460-466
Abstract: We present the full Hubble diagram of photometrically classified Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) from the Dark Energy Survey supernova program (DES-SN). DES-SN discovered more than 20,000 SN candidates and obtained spectroscopic redshifts of 7000 host galaxies. Based on the light-curve quality, we select 1635 photometrically identified SNe Ia with spectroscopic redshift 0.10 < z < 1.13, which is the largest sample of supernovae from any single survey and increases the number of known z > 0.5 supernovae by a factor of 5. In a companion paper, we present cosmological results of the DES-SN sample combined with 194 spectroscopically classified SNe Ia at low redshift as an anchor for cosmological fits. Here we present extensive modeling of this combined sample and validate the entire analysis pipeline used to derive distances. We show that the statistical and systematic uncertainties on cosmological parameters are ${\sigma }_{{{\rm{\Omega }}}_{M},\mathrm{stat}+\mathrm{sys}}^{{\rm{\Lambda }}\mathrm{CDM}}=$ 0.017 in a flat ΛCDM model, and $({\sigma }_{{{\rm{\Omega }}}_{M}},{\sigma }_{w}{)}_{\mathrm{stat}+\mathrm{sys}}^{w\mathrm{CDM}}$ = (0.082, 0.152) in a flat w CDM model. Combining the DES SN data with the highly complementary cosmic microwave background measurements by Planck Collaboration reduces by a factor of 4 uncertainties on cosmological parameters. In all cases, statistical uncertainties dominate over systematics. We show that uncertainties due to photometric classification make up less than 10% of the total systematic uncertainty budget. This result sets the stage for the next generation of SN cosmology surveys such as the Vera C. Rubin Observatory's Legacy Survey of Space and Time.
Published: 2024
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10. The Dark Energy Survey Supernova Program: Light Curves and 5 Yr Data Release

Author: B. O. Sánchez, D. Brout, M. Vincenzi, M. Sako, K. Herner, R. Kessler, T. M. Davis, D. Scolnic, M. Acevedo, J. Lee, A. Möller, H. Qu, L. Kelsey, P. Wiseman, P. Armstrong, B. Rose, R. Camilleri, R. Chen, L. Galbany, E. Kovacs, C. Lidman, B. Popovic, M. Smith, P. Shah, M. Sullivan, M. Toy, T. M. C. Abbott, M. Aguena, S. Allam, O. Alves, J. Annis, J. Asorey, S. Avila, D. Bacon, D. Brooks, D. L. Burke, A. Carnero Rosell, D. Carollo, J. Carretero, L. N. da Costa, F. J. Castander, S. Desai, H. T. Diehl, J. Duarte, S. Everett, I. Ferrero, B. Flaugher, J. Frieman, J. García-Bellido, M. Gatti, E. Gaztanaga, G. Giannini, K. Glazebrook, S. González-Gaitán, R. A. Gruendl, G. Gutierrez, S. R. Hinton, D. L. Hollowood, K. Honscheid, D. J. James, K. Kuehn, O. Lahav, S. Lee, G. F. Lewis, H. Lin, J. L. Marshall, J. Mena-Fernández, R. Miquel, J. Myles, R. C. Nichol, R. L. C. Ogando, A. Palmese, M. E. S. Pereira, A. Pieres, A. A. Plazas Malagón, A. Porredon, A. K. Romer, E. Sanchez, D. Sanchez Cid, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, E. Suchyta, M. E. C. Swanson, G. Tarle, B. E. Tucker, D. L. Tucker, V. Vikram, A. R. Walker, N. Weaverdyck, and DES Collaboration
Subjects: Cosmology, Type Ia supernovae, Dark energy, Astrophysics, QB460-466
Abstract: We present griz photometric light curves for the full 5 yr of the Dark Energy Survey Supernova (DES-SN) program, obtained with both forced point-spread function photometry on difference images ( DiffImg ) performed during survey operations, and scene modelling photometry (SMP) on search images processed after the survey. This release contains 31,636 DiffImg and 19,706 high-quality SMP light curves, the latter of which contain 1635 photometrically classified SNe that pass cosmology quality cuts. This sample spans the largest redshift ( z ) range ever covered by a single SN survey (0.1 < z < 1.13) and is the largest single sample from a single instrument of SNe ever used for cosmological constraints. We describe in detail the improvements made to obtain the final DES-SN photometry and provide a comparison to what was used in the 3 yr DES-SN spectroscopically confirmed Type Ia SN sample. We also include a comparative analysis of the performance of the SMP photometry with respect to the real-time DiffImg forced photometry and find that SMP photometry is more precise, more accurate, and less sensitive to the host-galaxy surface brightness anomaly. The public release of the light curves and ancillary data can be found at http://github.com/des-science/DES-SN5YR and doi:10.5281/zenodo.12720777.
Published: 2024
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11. Comparing Recent Pulsar Timing Array Results on the Nanohertz Stochastic Gravitational-wave Background

Author: G. Agazie, J. Antoniadis, A. Anumarlapudi, A. M. Archibald, P. Arumugam, S. Arumugam, Z. Arzoumanian, J. Askew, S. Babak, M. Bagchi, M. Bailes, A.-S. Bak Nielsen, P. T. Baker, C. G. Bassa, A. Bathula, B. Bécsy, A. Berthereau, N. D. R. Bhat, L. Blecha, M. Bonetti, E. Bortolas, A. Brazier, P. R. Brook, M. Burgay, S. Burke-Spolaor, R. Burnette, R. N. Caballero, A. Cameron, R. Case, A. Chalumeau, D. J. Champion, S. Chanlaridis, M. Charisi, S. Chatterjee, K. Chatziioannou, B. D. Cheeseboro, S. Chen, Z.-C. Chen, I. Cognard, T. Cohen, W. A. Coles, J. M. Cordes, N. J. Cornish, F. Crawford, H. T. Cromartie, K. Crowter, M. Curyło, C. J. Cutler, S. Dai, S. Dandapat, D. Deb, M. E. DeCesar, D. DeGan, P. B. Demorest, H. Deng, S. Desai, G. Desvignes, L. Dey, N. Dhanda-Batra, V. Di Marco, T. Dolch, B. Drachler, C. Dwivedi, J. A. Ellis, M. Falxa, Y. Feng, R. D. Ferdman, E. C. Ferrara, W. Fiore, E. Fonseca, A. Franchini, G. E. Freedman, J. R. Gair, N. Garver-Daniels, P. A. Gentile, K. A. Gersbach, J. Glaser, D. C. Good, B. Goncharov, A. Gopakumar, E. Graikou, J.-M. Griessmeier, L. Guillemot, K. Gültekin, Y. J. Guo, Y. Gupta, K. Grunthal, J. S. Hazboun, S. Hisano, G. B. Hobbs, S. Hourihane, H. Hu, F. Iraci, K. Islo, D. Izquierdo-Villalba, J. Jang, J. Jawor, G. H. Janssen, R. J. Jennings, A. Jessner, A. D. Johnson, M. L. Jones, B. C. Joshi, A. R. Kaiser, D. L. Kaplan, A. Kapur, F. Kareem, R. Karuppusamy, E. F. Keane, M. J. Keith, L. Z. Kelley, M. Kerr, J. S. Key, D. Kharbanda, T. Kikunaga, T. C. Klein, N. Kolhe, M. Kramer, M. A. Krishnakumar, A. Kulkarni, N. Laal, K. Lackeos, M. T. Lam, W. G. Lamb, B. B. Larsen, T. J. W. Lazio, K. J. Lee, Y. Levin, N. Lewandowska, T. B. Littenberg, K. Liu, T. Liu, Y. Liu, A. Lommen, D. R. Lorimer, M. E. Lower, J. Luo, R. Luo, R. S. Lynch, A. G. Lyne, C.-P. Ma, Y. Maan, D. R. Madison, R. A. Main, R. N. Manchester, R. Mandow, M. A. Mattson, A. McEwen, J. W. McKee, M. A. McLaughlin, N. McMann, B. W. Meyers, P. M. Meyers, M. B. Mickaliger, M. Miles, C. M. F. Mingarelli, A. Mitridate, P. Natarajan, R. S. Nathan, C. Ng, D. J. Nice, I. C. Niţu, K. Nobleson, S. K. Ocker, K. D. Olum, S. Osłowski, A. K. Paladi, A. Parthasarathy, T. T. Pennucci, B. B. P. Perera, D. Perrodin, A. Petiteau, P. Petrov, N. S. Pol, N. K. Porayko, A. Possenti, T. Prabu, H. Quelquejay Leclere, H. A. Radovan, P. Rana, S. M. Ransom, P. S. Ray, D. J. Reardon, A. F. Rogers, J. D. Romano, C. J. Russell, A. Samajdar, S. A. Sanidas, S. C. Sardesai, A. Schmiedekamp, C. Schmiedekamp, K. Schmitz, L. Schult, A. Sesana, G. Shaifullah, R. M. Shannon, B. J. Shapiro-Albert, X. Siemens, J. Simon, J. Singha, M. S. Siwek, L. Speri, R. Spiewak, A. Srivastava, I. H. Stairs, B. W. Stappers, D. R. Stinebring, K. Stovall, J. P. Sun, M. Surnis, S. C. Susarla, A. Susobhanan, J. K. Swiggum, K. Takahashi, P. Tarafdar, J. Taylor, S. R. Taylor, G. Theureau, E. Thrane, N. Thyagarajan, C. Tiburzi, L. Toomey, J. E. Turner, C. Unal, M. Vallisneri, E. van der Wateren, R. van Haasteren, A. Vecchio, V. Venkatraman Krishnan, J. P. W. Verbiest, S. J. Vigeland, H. M. Wahl, S. Wang, Q. Wang, C. A. Witt, J. Wang, L. Wang, K. E. Wayt, Z. Wu, O. Young, L. Zhang, S. Zhang, X.-J. Zhu, A. Zic, and The International Pulsar Timing Array Collaboration
Subjects: Gravitational waves, Pulsars, Astrophysics, QB460-466
Abstract: The Australian, Chinese, European, Indian, and North American pulsar timing array (PTA) collaborations recently reported, at varying levels, evidence for the presence of a nanohertz gravitational-wave background (GWB). Given that each PTA made different choices in modeling their data, we perform a comparison of the GWB and individual pulsar noise parameters across the results reported from the PTAs that constitute the International Pulsar Timing Array (IPTA). We show that despite making different modeling choices, there is no significant difference in the GWB parameters that are measured by the different PTAs, agreeing within 1 σ . The pulsar noise parameters are also consistent between different PTAs for the majority of the pulsars included in these analyses. We bridge the differences in modeling choices by adopting a standardized noise model for all pulsars and PTAs, finding that under this model there is a reduction in the tension in the pulsar noise parameters. As part of this reanalysis, we “extended” each PTA’s data set by adding extra pulsars that were not timed by that PTA. Under these extensions, we find better constraints on the GWB amplitude and a higher signal-to-noise ratio for the Hellings–Downs correlations. These extensions serve as a prelude to the benefits offered by a full combination of data across all pulsars in the IPTA, i.e., the IPTA’s Data Release 3, which will involve not just adding in additional pulsars but also including data from all three PTAs where any given pulsar is timed by more than a single PTA.
Published: 2024
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12. Designing an Optimal Kilonova Search Using DECam for Gravitational-wave Events

Author: C. R. Bom, J. Annis, A. Garcia, A. Palmese, N. Sherman, M. Soares-Santos, L. Santana-Silva, R. Morgan, K. Bechtol, T. Davis, H. T. Diehl, S. S. Allam, T. G. Bachmann, B. M. O. Fraga, J. García-Bellido, M. S. S. Gill, K. Herner, C. D. Kilpatrick, M. Makler, F. Olivares E., M. E. S. Pereira, J. Pineda, A. Santos, D. L. Tucker, M. P. Wiesner, M. Aguena, O. Alves, D. Bacon, P. H. Bernardinelli, E. Bertin, S. Bocquet, D. Brooks, M. Carrasco Kind, J. Carretero, C. Conselice, M. Costanzi, L. N. da Costa, J. De Vicente, S. Desai, P. Doel, S. Everett, I. Ferrero, J. Frieman, M. Gatti, D. W. Gerdes, D. Gruen, R. A. Gruendl, G. Gutierrez, S. R. Hinton, D. L. Hollowood, K. Honscheid, D. J. James, K. Kuehn, N. Kuropatkin, P. Melchior, J. Mena-Fernández, F. Menanteau, A. Pieres, A. A. Plazas Malagón, M. Raveri, M. Rodriguez-Monroy, E. Sanchez, B. Santiago, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, M. Smith, E. Suchyta, M. E. C. Swanson, G. Tarle, C. To, and N. Weaverdyck
Subjects: Gravitational wave astronomy, Astronomical methods, Astrostatistics tools, Transient detection, Astrophysics, QB460-466
Abstract: We address the problem of optimally identifying all kilonovae detected via gravitational-wave emission in the upcoming LIGO/Virgo/KAGRA observing run, O4, which is expected to be sensitive to a factor of ∼7 more binary neutron star (BNS) alerts than previously. Electromagnetic follow-up of all but the brightest of these new events will require >1 m telescopes, for which limited time is available. We present an optimized observing strategy for the DECam during O4. We base our study on simulations of gravitational-wave events expected for O4 and wide-prior kilonova simulations. We derive the detectabilities of events for realistic observing conditions. We optimize our strategy for confirming a kilonova while minimizing telescope time. For a wide range of kilonova parameters, corresponding to a fainter kilonova compared to GW170817/AT 2017gfo, we find that, with this optimal strategy, the discovery probability for electromagnetic counterparts with the DECam is ∼80% at the nominal BNS gravitational-wave detection limit for O4 (190 Mpc), which corresponds to an ∼30% improvement compared to the strategy adopted during the previous observing run. For more distant events (∼330 Mpc), we reach an ∼60% probability of detection, a factor of ∼2 increase. For a brighter kilonova model dominated by the blue component that reproduces the observations of GW170817/AT 2017gfo, we find that we can reach ∼90% probability of detection out to 330 Mpc, representing an increase of ∼20%, while also reducing the total telescope time required to follow up events by ∼20%.
Published: 2024
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13. Elimination of human rabies in Goa, India through an integrated One Health approach

Author: A. D. Gibson, G. Yale, J. Corfmat, M. Appupillai, C. M. Gigante, M. Lopes, U. Betodkar, N. C. Costa, K. A. Fernandes, P. Mathapati, P. M. Suryawanshi, N. Otter, G. Thomas, P. Ohal, I. Airikkala-Otter, F. Lohr, C. E. Rupprecht, A. King, D. Sutton, I. Deuzeman, Y. Li, R. M. Wallace, R. S. Mani, G. Gongal, I. G. Handel, M. Bronsvoort, V. Naik, S. Desai, S. Mazeri, L. Gamble, and R. J. Mellanby
Subjects: Science
Abstract: Dog vaccination is an effective rabies prevention measure, but widespread vaccination campaigns are challenging in settings like India with large free-roaming dog populations. Here, the authors describe a One Health campaign in Goa state which led to a large reduction of cases in dogs and elimination in humans.
Published: 2022
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14. Photometry of Outer Solar System Objects from the Dark Energy Survey. I. Photometric Methods, Light-curve Distributions, and Trans-Neptunian Binaries

Author: Pedro H. Bernardinelli, Gary M. Bernstein, Nicholas Jindal, T. M. C. Abbott, M. Aguena, O. Alves, F. Andrade-Oliveira, J. Annis, D. Bacon, E. Bertin, D. Brooks, D. L. Burke, A. Carnero Rosell, M. Carrasco Kind, J. Carretero, L. N. da Costa, M. E. S. Pereira, T. M. Davis, S. Desai, H. T. Diehl, P. Doel, S. Everett, I. Ferrero, D. Friedel, J. Frieman, J. García-Bellido, G. Giannini, D. Gruen, K. Herner, S. R. Hinton, D. L. Hollowood, K. Honscheid, D. J. James, K. Kuehn, J. L. Marshall, J. Mena-Fernández, F. Menanteau, R. Miquel, R. L. C. Ogando, A. Palmese, A. Pieres, A. A. Plazas Malagón, M. Raveri, E. Sanchez, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, M. Smith, E. Suchyta, M. E. C. Swanson, G. Tarle, C. To, A. R. Walker, P. Wiseman, Y. Zhang, and (The DES Collaboration)
Subjects: Kuiper belt, Trans-Neptunian objects, Photometry, Asteroid satellites, Astrophysics, QB460-466
Abstract: We report the methods of and initial scientific inferences from the extraction of precision photometric information for the >800 trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs) discovered in the images of the Dark Energy Survey (DES). Scene-modeling photometry is used to obtain shot-noise-limited flux measures for each exposure of each TNO, with background sources subtracted. Comparison of double-source fits to the pixel data with single-source fits are used to identify and characterize two binary TNO systems. A Markov Chain Monte Carlo method samples the joint likelihood of the intrinsic colors of each source as well as the amplitude of its flux variation, given the time series of multiband flux measurements and their uncertainties. A catalog of these colors and light-curve amplitudes A is included with this publication. We show how to assign a likelihood to the distribution q ( A ) of light-curve amplitudes in any subpopulation. Using this method, we find decisive evidence (i.e., evidence ratio
Published: 2023
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15. Identification of Galaxy–Galaxy Strong Lens Candidates in the DECam Local Volume Exploration Survey Using Machine Learning

Author: E. A. Zaborowski, A. Drlica-Wagner, F. Ashmead, J. F. Wu, R. Morgan, C. R. Bom, A. J. Shajib, S. Birrer, W. Cerny, E. J. Buckley-Geer, B. Mutlu-Pakdil, P. S. Ferguson, K. Glazebrook, S. J. Gonzalez Lozano, Y. Gordon, M. Martinez, V. Manwadkar, J. O’Donnell, J. Poh, A. Riley, J. D. Sakowska, L. Santana-Silva, B. X. Santiago, D. Sluse, C. Y. Tan, E. J. Tollerud, A. Verma, J. A. Carballo-Bello, Y. Choi, D. J. James, N. Kuropatkin, C. E. Martínez-Vázquez, D. L. Nidever, J. L. Nilo Castellon, N. E. D. Noël, K. A. G. Olsen, A. B. Pace, S. Mau, B. Yanny, A. Zenteno, T. M. C. Abbott, M. Aguena, O. Alves, F. Andrade-Oliveira, S. Bocquet, D. Brooks, D. L. Burke, A. Carnero Rosell, M. Carrasco Kind, J. Carretero, F. J. Castander, C. J. Conselice, M. Costanzi, M. E. S. Pereira, J. De Vicente, S. Desai, J. P. Dietrich, P. Doel, S. Everett, I. Ferrero, B. Flaugher, D. Friedel, J. Frieman, J. García-Bellido, D. Gruen, R. A. Gruendl, G. Gutierrez, S. R. Hinton, D. L. Hollowood, K. Honscheid, K. Kuehn, H. Lin, J. L. Marshall, P. Melchior, J. Mena-Fernández, F. Menanteau, R. Miquel, A. Palmese, F. Paz-Chinchón, A. Pieres, A. A. Plazas Malagón, J. Prat, M. Rodriguez-Monroy, A. K. Romer, E. Sanchez, V. Scarpine, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, M. Smith, E. Suchyta, C. To, N. Weaverdyck, and DELVE & DES Collaborations
Subjects: Strong gravitational lensing, Astrophysics, QB460-466
Abstract: We perform a search for galaxy–galaxy strong lens systems using a convolutional neural network (CNN) applied to imaging data from the first public data release of the DECam Local Volume Exploration Survey, which contains ∼520 million astronomical sources covering ∼4000 deg ^2 of the southern sky to a 5 σ point–source depth of g = 24.3, r = 23.9, i = 23.3, and z = 22.8 mag. Following the methodology of similar searches using Dark Energy Camera data, we apply color and magnitude cuts to select a catalog of ∼11 million extended astronomical sources. After scoring with our CNN, the highest-scoring 50,000 images were visually inspected and assigned a score on a scale from 0 (not a lens) to 3 (very probable lens). We present a list of 581 strong lens candidates, 562 of which are previously unreported. We categorize our candidates using their human-assigned scores, resulting in 55 Grade A candidates, 149 Grade B candidates, and 377 Grade C candidates. We additionally highlight eight potential quadruply lensed quasars from this sample. Due to the location of our search footprint in the northern Galactic cap ( b > 10 deg) and southern celestial hemisphere (decl. < 0 deg), our candidate list has little overlap with other existing ground-based searches. Where our search footprint does overlap with other searches, we find a significant number of high-quality candidates that were previously unidentified, indicating a degree of orthogonality in our methodology. We report properties of our candidates including apparent magnitude and Einstein radius estimated from the image separation.
Published: 2023
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16. Synchronous Rotation in the (136199) Eris–Dysnomia System

Author: Gary M. Bernstein, Bryan J. Holler, Rosario Navarro-Escamilla, Pedro H. Bernardinelli, T. M. C. Abbott, M. Aguena, S. Allam, O. Alves, F. Andrade-Oliveira, J. Annis, D. Bacon, D. Brooks, D. L. Burke, A. Carnero Rosell, J. Carretero, L. N. da Costa, M. E. S. Pereira, J. De Vicente, S. Desai, P. Doel, A. Drlica-Wagner, S. Everett, I. Ferrero, J. Frieman, J. García-Bellido, D. W. Gerdes, D. Gruen, G. Gutierrez, K. Herner, S. R. Hinton, D. L. Hollowood, K. Honscheid, D. J. James, K. Kuehn, N. Kuropatkin, J. L. Marshall, J. Mena-Fernández, R. Miquel, R. L. C. Ogando, A. Pieres, A. A. Plazas Malagón, M. Raveri, K. Reil, E. Sanchez, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, M. Smith, M. Soares-Santos, E. Suchyta, M. E. C. Swanson, P. Wiseman, and The DES Collaboration
Subjects: Trans-Neptunian objects, Small Solar System bodies, Tidal friction, Dwarf planets, Asteroid rotation, Astronomy, QB1-991
Abstract: We combine photometry of Eris from a 6 month campaign on the Palomar 60 inch telescope in 2015, a 1 month Hubble Space Telescope WFC3 campaign in 2018, and Dark Energy Survey data spanning 2013–2018 to determine a light curve of definitive period 15.771 ± 0.008 days (1 σ formal uncertainties), with nearly sinusoidal shape and peak-to-peak flux variation of 3%. This is consistent at part-per-thousand precision with the P = 15.785 90 ± 0.00005 day sidereal period of Dysnomia’s orbit around Eris, strengthening the recent detection of synchronous rotation of Eris by Szakáts et al. with independent data. Photometry from Gaia are consistent with the same light curve. We detect a slope of 0.05 ± 0.01 mag per degree of Eris’s brightness with respect to illumination phase averaged across g , V , and r bands, intermediate between Pluto’s and Charon’s values. Variations of 0.3 mag are detected in Dysnomia’s brightness, plausibly consistent with a double-peaked light curve at the synchronous period. The synchronous rotation of Eris is consistent with simple tidal models initiated with a giant-impact origin of the binary, but is difficult to reconcile with gravitational capture of Dysnomia by Eris. The high albedo contrast between Eris and Dysnomia remains unexplained in the giant-impact scenario.
Published: 2023
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17. The Dark Energy Survey Supernova Program: Corrections on Photometry Due to Wavelength-dependent Atmospheric Effects

Author: J. Lee, M. Acevedo, M. Sako, M. Vincenzi, D. Brout, B. Sanchez, R. Chen, T. M. Davis, M. Jarvis, D. Scolnic, H. Qu, L. Galbany, R. Kessler, J. Lasker, M. Sullivan, P. Wiseman, M. Aguena, S. Allam, O. Alves, F. Andrade-Oliveira, E. Bertin, S. Bocquet, D. Brooks, D. L. Burke, A. Carnero Rosell, M. Carrasco Kind, J. Carretero, M. Costanzi, L. N. da Costa, M. E. S. Pereira, J. De Vicente, S. Desai, H. T. Diehl, P. Doel, S. Everett, I. Ferrero, D. Friedel, J. Frieman, J. García-Bellido, D. W. Gerdes, D. Gruen, R. A. Gruendl, G. Gutierrez, S. R. Hinton, D. L. Hollowood, K. Honscheid, D. J. James, S. Kent, K. Kuehn, N. Kuropatkin, J. Mena-Fernández, R. Miquel, R. L. C. Ogando, A. Palmese, A. Pieres, A. A. Plazas Malagón, M. Raveri, K. Reil, M. Rodriguez-Monroy, E. Sanchez, V. Scarpine, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, M. Smith, E. Suchyta, G. Tarle, C. To, N. Weaverdyck, and DES Collaboration
Subjects: Type Ia supernovae, Photometry, Atmospheric effects, Cosmology, Astronomy, QB1-991
Abstract: Wavelength-dependent atmospheric effects impact photometric supernova flux measurements for ground-based observations. We present corrections on supernova flux measurements from the Dark Energy Survey Supernova Program’s 5YR sample (DES-SN5YR) for differential chromatic refraction (DCR) and wavelength-dependent seeing, and we show their impact on the cosmological parameters w and Ω _m . We use g − i colors of Type Ia supernovae to quantify astrometric offsets caused by DCR and simulate point-spread functions (PSFs) using the GalSIM package to predict the shapes of the PSFs with DCR and wavelength-dependent seeing. We calculate the magnitude corrections and apply them to the magnitudes computed by the DES-SN5YR photometric pipeline. We find that for the DES-SN5YR analysis, not accounting for the astrometric offsets and changes in the PSF shape cause an average bias of +0.2 mmag and −0.3 mmag, respectively, with standard deviations of 0.7 mmag and 2.7 mmag across all DES observing bands ( griz ) throughout all redshifts. When the DCR and seeing effects are not accounted for, we find that w and Ω _m are lower by less than 0.004 ± 0.02 and 0.001 ± 0.01, respectively, with 0.02 and 0.01 being the 1 σ statistical uncertainties. Although we find that these biases do not limit the constraints of the DES-SN5YR sample, future surveys with much higher statistics, lower systematics, and especially those that observe in the u band will require these corrections as wavelength-dependent atmospheric effects are larger at shorter wavelengths. We also discuss limitations of our method and how they can be better accounted for in future surveys.
Published: 2023
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18. Timing the r-process Enrichment of the Ultra-faint Dwarf Galaxy Reticulum II

Author: Joshua D. Simon, Thomas M. Brown, Burçin Mutlu-Pakdil, Alexander P. Ji, Alex Drlica-Wagner, Roberto J. Avila, Clara E. Martínez-Vázquez, Ting S. Li, Eduardo Balbinot, Keith Bechtol, Anna Frebel, Marla Geha, Terese T. Hansen, David J. James, Andrew B. Pace, M. Aguena, O. Alves, F. Andrade-Oliveira, J. Annis, D. Bacon, E. Bertin, D. Brooks, D. L. Burke, A. Carnero Rosell, M. Carrasco Kind, J. Carretero, M. Costanzi, L. N. da Costa, J. De Vicente, S. Desai, P. Doel, S. Everett, I. Ferrero, J. Frieman, J. García-Bellido, M. Gatti, D. W. Gerdes, D. Gruen, R. A. Gruendl, J. Gschwend, G. Gutierrez, S. R. Hinton, D. L. Hollowood, K. Honscheid, K. Kuehn, N. Kuropatkin, J. L. Marshall, J. Mena-Fernández, R. Miquel, A. Palmese, F. Paz-Chinchón, M. E. S. Pereira, A. Pieres, A. A. Plazas Malagón, M. Raveri, M. Rodriguez-Monroy, E. Sanchez, B. Santiago, V. Scarpine, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, M. Smith, E. Suchyta, M. E. C. Swanson, G. Tarle, C. To, M. Vincenzi, N. Weaverdyck, and R. D. Wilkinson
Subjects: Dwarf galaxies, Local Group, Stellar populations, Galaxy ages, HST photometry, Nucleosynthesis, Astrophysics, QB460-466
Abstract: The ultra-faint dwarf galaxy Reticulum II (Ret II) exhibits a unique chemical evolution history, with ${72}_{-12}^{+10}$ % of its stars strongly enhanced in r -process elements. We present deep Hubble Space Telescope photometry of Ret II and analyze its star formation history. As in other ultra-faint dwarfs, the color–magnitude diagram is best fit by a model consisting of two bursts of star formation. If we assume that the bursts were instantaneous, then the older burst occurred around the epoch of reionization, forming ∼80% of the stars in the galaxy, while the remainder of the stars formed ∼3 Gyr later. When the bursts are allowed to have nonzero durations, we obtain slightly better fits. The best-fitting model in this case consists of two bursts beginning before reionization, with approximately half the stars formed in a short (100 Myr) burst and the other half in a more extended period lasting 2.6 Gyr. Considering the full set of viable star formation history models, we find that 28% of the stars formed within 500 ± 200 Myr of the onset of star formation. The combination of the star formation history and the prevalence of r -process-enhanced stars demonstrates that the r -process elements in Ret II must have been synthesized early in its initial star-forming phase. We therefore constrain the delay time between the formation of the first stars in Ret II and the r -process nucleosynthesis to be less than 500 Myr. This measurement rules out an r -process source with a delay time of several Gyr or more, such as GW170817.
Published: 2023
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19. DeepZipper. II. Searching for Lensed Supernovae in Dark Energy Survey Data with Deep Learning

Author: R. Morgan, B. Nord, K. Bechtol, A. Möller, W. G. Hartley, S. Birrer, S. J. González, M. Martinez, R. A. Gruendl, E. J. Buckley-Geer, A. J. Shajib, A. Carnero Rosell, C. Lidman, T. Collett, T. M. C. Abbott, M. Aguena, F. Andrade-Oliveira, J. Annis, D. Bacon, S. Bocquet, D. Brooks, D. L. Burke, M. Carrasco Kind, J. Carretero, F. J. Castander, C. Conselice, L. N. da Costa, M. Costanzi, J. De Vicente, S. Desai, P. Doel, S. Everett, I. Ferrero, B. Flaugher, D. Friedel, J. Frieman, J. García-Bellido, E. Gaztanaga, D. Gruen, G. Gutierrez, S. R. Hinton, D. L. Hollowood, K. Honscheid, K. Kuehn, N. Kuropatkin, O. Lahav, M. Lima, F. Menanteau, R. Miquel, A. Palmese, F. Paz-Chinchón, M. E. S. Pereira, A. Pieres, A. A. Plazas Malagón, J. Prat, M. Rodriguez-Monroy, A. K. Romer, A. Roodman, E. Sanchez, V. Scarpine, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, M. Smith, E. Suchyta, M. E. C. Swanson, G. Tarle, D. Thomas, and T. N. Varga
Subjects: Strong gravitational lensing, Supernovae, Astrophysics, QB460-466
Abstract: Gravitationally lensed supernovae (LSNe) are important probes of cosmic expansion, but they remain rare and difficult to find. Current cosmic surveys likely contain 5–10 LSNe in total while next-generation experiments are expected to contain several hundred to a few thousand of these systems. We search for these systems in observed Dark Energy Survey (DES) five year SN fields—10 3 sq. deg. regions of sky imaged in the griz bands approximately every six nights over five years. To perform the search, we utilize the DeepZipper approach: a multi-branch deep learning architecture trained on image-level simulations of LSNe that simultaneously learns spatial and temporal relationships from time series of images. We find that our method obtains an LSN recall of 61.13% and a false-positive rate of 0.02% on the DES SN field data. DeepZipper selected 2245 candidates from a magnitude-limited ( m _i < 22.5) catalog of 3,459,186 systems. We employ human visual inspection to review systems selected by the network and find three candidate LSNe in the DES SN fields.
Published: 2023
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20. AFRP20: New P‐Wavespeed Model for the African Mantle Reveals Two Whole‐Mantle Plumes Below East Africa and Neoproterozoic Modification of the Tanzania Craton

Author: A. Boyce, I. D. Bastow, S. Cottaar, R. Kounoudis, J. Guilloud De Courbeville, E. Caunt, and S. Desai
Subjects: absolute arrival‐times, Africa, cratons, mantle plumes, metasomatism, P‐wave tomography, Geophysics. Cosmic physics, QC801-809, Geology, QE1-996.5
Abstract: Abstract Africa's Cenozoic tectonism is often attributed to mantle plumes, particularly below East Africa, but their morphology, number, location, and impact on the African lithosphere are debated. The broad slow wavespeed African Superplume, ubiquitous in large‐scale tomographic models, originates below South Africa, reaching the surface somewhere below East Africa. However, whether the diverse East African mantle geochemistry is best reconciled with one heterogeneous upwelling, or current tomographic models lack the resolution to image multiple distinct plumes, remains enigmatic. S‐wavespeed tomographic images of Africa are legion, but higher frequency P‐wavespeed whole‐mantle models possessing complementary diagnostic capabilities are comparatively lacking. This hinders attempts to disentangle the effects of Cenozoic hotspot tectonism and Pan African (and older) tectonic events on the East African lithosphere. Here we develop a continental‐scale P‐wave tomographic model capable of resolving structure from upper‐to‐lower mantle depths using a recently developed technique to extract absolute arrival‐times from noisy, temporary African seismograph deployments. Shallow‐mantle wavespeeds are δVP ≈ −4% below Ethiopia, but less anomalous (δVP ≥–2%) below other volcanic provinces. The heterogeneous African Superplume reaches the upper mantle below the Kenyan plateau. Below Ethiopia/Afar we image a second sub‐vertical slow wavespeed anomaly rooted near the core‐mantle boundary outside the African LLVP, meaning multiple disparately sourced whole‐mantle plumes may influence East African magmatism. In contrast to other African cratons, wavespeeds below Tanzania are only fast to 90–135 km depth. When interpreted alongside Lower Eocene on‐craton kimberlites, our results support pervasive metasomatic lithospheric modification caused by subduction during the Neoproterozoic Pan‐African orogeny.
Published: 2021
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21. Implementation of New Education Policy in India and the Prospects of Transformational Female Leadership in Indian Higher Education

Author: Falguni P. Desai and P. S. Desai
Abstract: Aim: To investigate to what extent the stakeholders believe in females having attributes of transformational leadership to rise at higher positions in institutions of higher education in India while implementing New Education Policy in India. To know where we are right now and where we need to go in terms of promoting female leaders in Indian higher education. Methods: Both qualitative and quantitative methods are used. Qualitative responses from 10 Indian women leaders are collected from those 03 qualitative responses are quoted in the paper and considered in the analysis. MLQ* tool (Multifactor leadership Questionnaire) used to collect responses of 51 different stakeholders of higher education. Findings: The study shows that female leadership can be trailblazing in organizational management in institutions of Higher Education in India while implementing the New Education Policy. The results anticipate providing insights to initiate Indian policymakers and recruiting bodies to motivate women to take up leadership positions. Originality and Cognitive Value: The area of the prospects of transformational female leadership in Indian higher education in the context of implementation of New Education Policy in India is a novel exploration as education policy is implemented recently in 2020 and gender equity is a major aspect of concern in achieving Sustainable development Goals. [For the full proceedings, see ED654100.]
Published: 2023

22. Precise measurement of the top quark mass in dilepton decays using optimized neutrino weighting

Author: V.M. Abazov, B. Abbott, B.S. Acharya, M. Adams, T. Adams, J.P. Agnew, G.D. Alexeev, G. Alkhazov, A. Alton, A. Askew, S. Atkins, K. Augsten, C. Avila, F. Badaud, L. Bagby, B. Baldin, D.V. Bandurin, S. Banerjee, E. Barberis, P. Baringer, J.F. Bartlett, U. Bassler, V. Bazterra, A. Bean, M. Begalli, L. Bellantoni, S.B. Beri, G. Bernardi, R. Bernhard, I. Bertram, M. Besançon, R. Beuselinck, P.C. Bhat, S. Bhatia, V. Bhatnagar, G. Blazey, S. Blessing, K. Bloom, A. Boehnlein, D. Boline, E.E. Boos, G. Borissov, M. Borysova, A. Brandt, O. Brandt, R. Brock, A. Bross, D. Brown, X.B. Bu, M. Buehler, V. Buescher, V. Bunichev, S. Burdin, C.P. Buszello, E. Camacho-Pérez, B.C.K. Casey, H. Castilla-Valdez, S. Caughron, S. Chakrabarti, K.M. Chan, A. Chandra, E. Chapon, G. Chen, S.W. Cho, S. Choi, B. Choudhary, S. Cihangir, D. Claes, J. Clutter, M. Cooke, W.E. Cooper, M. Corcoran, F. Couderc, M.-C. Cousinou, J. Cuth, D. Cutts, A. Das, G. Davies, S.J. de Jong, E. De La Cruz-Burelo, F. Déliot, R. Demina, D. Denisov, S.P. Denisov, S. Desai, C. Deterre, K. DeVaughan, H.T. Diehl, M. Diesburg, P.F. Ding, A. Dominguez, A. Dubey, L.V. Dudko, A. Duperrin, S. Dutt, M. Eads, D. Edmunds, J. Ellison, V.D. Elvira, Y. Enari, H. Evans, A. Evdokimov, V.N. Evdokimov, A. Fauré, L. Feng, T. Ferbel, F. Fiedler, F. Filthaut, W. Fisher, H.E. Fisk, M. Fortner, H. Fox, S. Fuess, P.H. Garbincius, A. Garcia-Bellido, J.A. García-González, V. Gavrilov, W. Geng, C.E. Gerber, Y. Gershtein, G. Ginther, O. Gogota, G. Golovanov, P.D. Grannis, S. Greder, H. Greenlee, G. Grenier, Ph. Gris, J.-F. Grivaz, A. Grohsjean, S. Grünendahl, M.W. Grünewald, T. Guillemin, G. Gutierrez, P. Gutierrez, J. Haley, L. Han, K. Harder, A. Harel, J.M. Hauptman, J. Hays, T. Head, T. Hebbeker, D. Hedin, H. Hegab, A.P. Heinson, U. Heintz, C. Hensel, I. Heredia-De La Cruz, K. Herner, G. Hesketh, M.D. Hildreth, R. Hirosky, T. Hoang, J.D. Hobbs, B. Hoeneisen, J. Hogan, M. Hohlfeld, J.L. Holzbauer, I. Howley, Z. Hubacek, V. Hynek, I. Iashvili, Y. Ilchenko, R. Illingworth, A.S. Ito, S. Jabeen, M. Jaffré, A. Jayasinghe, M.S. Jeong, R. Jesik, P. Jiang, K. Johns, E. Johnson, M. Johnson, A. Jonckheere, P. Jonsson, J. Joshi, A.W. Jung, A. Juste, E. Kajfasz, D. Karmanov, I. Katsanos, M. Kaur, R. Kehoe, S. Kermiche, N. Khalatyan, A. Khanov, A. Kharchilava, Y.N. Kharzheev, I. Kiselevich, J.M. Kohli, A.V. Kozelov, J. Kraus, A. Kumar, A. Kupco, T. Kurča, V.A. Kuzmin, S. Lammers, P. Lebrun, H.S. Lee, S.W. Lee, W.M. Lee, X. Lei, J. Lellouch, D. Li, H. Li, L. Li, Q.Z. Li, J.K. Lim, D. Lincoln, J. Linnemann, V.V. Lipaev, R. Lipton, H. Liu, Y. Liu, A. Lobodenko, M. Lokajicek, R. Lopes de Sa, R. Luna-Garcia, A.L. Lyon, A.K.A. Maciel, R. Madar, R. Magaña-Villalba, S. Malik, V.L. Malyshev, J. Mansour, J. Martínez-Ortega, R. McCarthy, C.L. McGivern, M.M. Meijer, A. Melnitchouk, D. Menezes, P.G. Mercadante, M. Merkin, A. Meyer, J. Meyer, F. Miconi, N.K. Mondal, M. Mulhearn, E. Nagy, M. Narain, R. Nayyar, H.A. Neal, J.P. Negret, P. Neustroev, H.T. Nguyen, T. Nunnemann, J. Orduna, N. Osman, J. Osta, A. Pal, N. Parashar, V. Parihar, S.K. Park, R. Partridge, N. Parua, A. Patwa, B. Penning, M. Perfilov, Y. Peters, K. Petridis, G. Petrillo, P. Pétroff, M.-A. Pleier, V.M. Podstavkov, A.V. Popov, M. Prewitt, D. Price, N. Prokopenko, J. Qian, A. Quadt, B. Quinn, P.N. Ratoff, I. Razumov, I. Ripp-Baudot, F. Rizatdinova, M. Rominsky, A. Ross, C. Royon, P. Rubinov, R. Ruchti, G. Sajot, A. Sánchez-Hernández, M.P. Sanders, A.S. Santos, G. Savage, M. Savitskyi, L. Sawyer, T. Scanlon, R.D. Schamberger, Y. Scheglov, H. Schellman, M. Schott, C. Schwanenberger, R. Schwienhorst, J. Sekaric, H. Severini, E. Shabalina, V. Shary, S. Shaw, A.A. Shchukin, V. Simak, P. Skubic, P. Slattery, D. Smirnov, G.R. Snow, J. Snow, S. Snyder, S. Söldner-Rembold, L. Sonnenschein, K. Soustruznik, J. Stark, D.A. Stoyanova, M. Strauss, L. Suter, P. Svoisky, M. Titov, V.V. Tokmenin, Y.-T. Tsai, D. Tsybychev, B. Tuchming, C. Tully, L. Uvarov, S. Uvarov, S. Uzunyan, R. Van Kooten, W.M. van Leeuwen, N. Varelas, E.W. Varnes, I.A. Vasilyev, A.Y. Verkheev, L.S. Vertogradov, M. Verzocchi, M. Vesterinen, D. Vilanova, P. Vokac, H.D. Wahl, M.H.L.S. Wang, J. Warchol, G. Watts, M. Wayne, J. Weichert, L. Welty-Rieger, M.R.J. Williams, G.W. Wilson, M. Wobisch, D.R. Wood, T.R. Wyatt, Y. Xie, R. Yamada, S. Yang, T. Yasuda, Y.A. Yatsunenko, W. Ye, Z. Ye, H. Yin, K. Yip, S.W. Youn, J.M. Yu, J. Zennamo, T.G. Zhao, B. Zhou, J. Zhu, M. Zielinski, D. Zieminska, and L. Zivkovic
Subjects: Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: We measure the top quark mass in dilepton final states of tt¯ events in pp¯ collisions at s=1.96 TeV, using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 9.7 fb−1 at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider. The analysis features a comprehensive optimization of the neutrino weighting method to minimize the statistical uncertainties. We also improve the calibration of jet energies using the calibration determined in tt¯→lepton+jets events, which reduces the otherwise limiting systematic uncertainty from the jet energy scale. The measured top quark mass is mt=173.32±1.36(stat)±0.85(syst) GeV.
Published: 2016
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23. Measurement of the W+b-jet and W+c-jet differential production cross sections in pp¯ collisions at s=1.96 TeV

Author: V.M. Abazov, B. Abbott, B.S. Acharya, M. Adams, T. Adams, J.P. Agnew, G.D. Alexeev, G. Alkhazov, A. Alton, A. Askew, S. Atkins, K. Augsten, C. Avila, F. Badaud, L. Bagby, B. Baldin, D.V. Bandurin, S. Banerjee, E. Barberis, P. Baringer, J.F. Bartlett, U. Bassler, V. Bazterra, A. Bean, M. Begalli, L. Bellantoni, S.B. Beri, G. Bernardi, R. Bernhard, I. Bertram, M. Besançon, R. Beuselinck, P.C. Bhat, S. Bhatia, V. Bhatnagar, G. Blazey, S. Blessing, K. Bloom, A. Boehnlein, D. Boline, E.E. Boos, G. Borissov, M. Borysova, O. Borysov, A. Brandt, O. Brandt, R. Brock, A. Bross, D. Brown, X.B. Bu, M. Buehler, V. Buescher, V. Bunichev, S. Burdin, C.P. Buszello, E. Camacho-Pérez, B.C.K. Casey, H. Castilla-Valdez, S. Caughron, S. Chakrabarti, K.M. Chan, A. Chandra, E. Chapon, G. Chen, S.W. Cho, S. Choi, B. Choudhary, S. Cihangir, D. Claes, J. Clutter, M. Cooke, W.E. Cooper, M. Corcoran, F. Couderc, M.-C. Cousinou, D. Cutts, A. Das, G. Davies, S.J. de Jong, E. De La Cruz-Burelo, F. Déliot, R. Demina, D. Denisov, S.P. Denisov, S. Desai, C. Deterre, K. DeVaughan, H.T. Diehl, M. Diesburg, P.F. Ding, A. Dominguez, A. Dubey, L.V. Dudko, A. Duperrin, S. Dutt, M. Eads, D. Edmunds, J. Ellison, V.D. Elvira, Y. Enari, H. Evans, V.N. Evdokimov, A. Fauré, L. Feng, T. Ferbel, F. Fiedler, F. Filthaut, W. Fisher, H.E. Fisk, M. Fortner, H. Fox, S. Fuess, P.H. Garbincius, A. Garcia-Bellido, J.A. García-González, V. Gavrilov, W. Geng, C.E. Gerber, Y. Gershtein, G. Ginther, O. Gogota, G. Golovanov, P.D. Grannis, S. Greder, H. Greenlee, G. Grenier, Ph. Gris, J.-F. Grivaz, A. Grohsjean, S. Grünendahl, M.W. Grünewald, T. Guillemin, G. Gutierrez, P. Gutierrez, J. Haley, L. Han, K. Harder, A. Harel, J.M. Hauptman, J. Hays, T. Head, T. Hebbeker, D. Hedin, H. Hegab, A.P. Heinson, U. Heintz, C. Hensel, I. Heredia-De La Cruz, K. Herner, G. Hesketh, M.D. Hildreth, R. Hirosky, T. Hoang, J.D. Hobbs, B. Hoeneisen, J. Hogan, M. Hohlfeld, J.L. Holzbauer, I. Howley, Z. Hubacek, V. Hynek, I. Iashvili, Y. Ilchenko, R. Illingworth, A.S. Ito, S. Jabeen, M. Jaffré, A. Jayasinghe, M.S. Jeong, R. Jesik, P. Jiang, K. Johns, E. Johnson, M. Johnson, A. Jonckheere, P. Jonsson, J. Joshi, A.W. Jung, A. Juste, E. Kajfasz, D. Karmanov, I. Katsanos, M. Kaur, R. Kehoe, S. Kermiche, N. Khalatyan, A. Khanov, A. Kharchilava, Y.N. Kharzheev, I. Kiselevich, J.M. Kohli, A.V. Kozelov, J. Kraus, A. Kumar, A. Kupco, T. Kurča, V.A. Kuzmin, S. Lammers, P. Lebrun, H.S. Lee, S.W. Lee, W.M. Lee, X. Lei, J. Lellouch, D. Li, H. Li, L. Li, Q.Z. Li, J.K. Lim, D. Lincoln, J. Linnemann, V.V. Lipaev, R. Lipton, H. Liu, Y. Liu, A. Lobodenko, M. Lokajicek, R. Lopes de Sa, R. Luna-Garcia, A.L. Lyon, A.K.A. Maciel, R. Madar, R. Magaña-Villalba, S. Malik, V.L. Malyshev, J. Mansour, J. Martínez-Ortega, R. McCarthy, C.L. McGivern, M.M. Meijer, A. Melnitchouk, D. Menezes, P.G. Mercadante, M. Merkin, A. Meyer, J. Meyer, F. Miconi, N.K. Mondal, M. Mulhearn, E. Nagy, M. Narain, R. Nayyar, H.A. Neal, J.P. Negret, P. Neustroev, H.T. Nguyen, T. Nunnemann, J. Orduna, N. Osman, J. Osta, A. Pal, N. Parashar, V. Parihar, S.K. Park, R. Partridge, N. Parua, A. Patwa, B. Penning, M. Perfilov, Y. Peters, K. Petridis, G. Petrillo, P. Pétroff, M.-A. Pleier, V.M. Podstavkov, A.V. Popov, M. Prewitt, D. Price, N. Prokopenko, J. Qian, A. Quadt, B. Quinn, P.N. Ratoff, I. Razumov, I. Ripp-Baudot, F. Rizatdinova, M. Rominsky, A. Ross, C. Royon, P. Rubinov, R. Ruchti, G. Sajot, A. Sánchez-Hernández, M.P. Sanders, A.S. Santos, G. Savage, M. Savitskyi, L. Sawyer, T. Scanlon, R.D. Schamberger, Y. Scheglov, H. Schellman, C. Schwanenberger, R. Schwienhorst, J. Sekaric, H. Severini, E. Shabalina, V. Shary, S. Shaw, A.A. Shchukin, V. Simak, P. Skubic, P. Slattery, D. Smirnov, G.R. Snow, J. Snow, S. Snyder, S. Söldner-Rembold, L. Sonnenschein, K. Soustruznik, J. Stark, D.A. Stoyanova, M. Strauss, L. Suter, P. Svoisky, M. Titov, V.V. Tokmenin, Y.-T. Tsai, D. Tsybychev, B. Tuchming, C. Tully, L. Uvarov, S. Uvarov, S. Uzunyan, R. Van Kooten, W.M. van Leeuwen, N. Varelas, E.W. Varnes, I.A. Vasilyev, A.Y. Verkheev, L.S. Vertogradov, M. Verzocchi, M. Vesterinen, D. Vilanova, P. Vokac, H.D. Wahl, M.H.L.S. Wang, J. Warchol, G. Watts, M. Wayne, J. Weichert, L. Welty-Rieger, M.R.J. Williams, G.W. Wilson, M. Wobisch, D.R. Wood, T.R. Wyatt, Y. Xie, R. Yamada, S. Yang, T. Yasuda, Y.A. Yatsunenko, W. Ye, Z. Ye, H. Yin, K. Yip, S.W. Youn, J.M. Yu, J. Zennamo, T.G. Zhao, B. Zhou, J. Zhu, M. Zielinski, D. Zieminska, and L. Zivkovic
Subjects: Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: We present a measurement of the cross sections for the associated production of a W boson with at least one heavy quark jet, b or c, in proton–antiproton collisions. Data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 8.7 fb−1 recorded with the D0 detector at the Fermilab Tevatron pp¯ Collider at s=1.96 TeV are used to measure the cross sections differentially as a function of the jet transverse momenta in the range 20 to 150 GeV. These results are compared to calculations of perturbative QCD theory as well as predictions from Monte Carlo generators.
Published: 2015
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24. Global Neurology Initiative: Piloting an Innovative Global Health Curriculum for Neurology Residents at the University of Massachusetts in collaboration with Charutar Arogya Mandal in Gujarat, India

Author: E.K.E. Kim, Y. Mayasi, N. Valizadeh, M. Sharma, A. Hohler, M. Fischer, S. Desai, and A. Deb
Subjects: Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Published: 2017
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25. Measurement of the differential γ+2b-jet cross section and the ratio σ(γ+2b-jets)/σ(γ+b-jet) in pp¯ collisions at s=1.96 TeV

Author: V.M. Abazov, B. Abbott, B.S. Acharya, M. Adams, T. Adams, J.P. Agnew, G.D. Alexeev, G. Alkhazov, A. Alton, A. Askew, S. Atkins, K. Augsten, C. Avila, F. Badaud, L. Bagby, B. Baldin, D.V. Bandurin, S. Banerjee, E. Barberis, P. Baringer, J.F. Bartlett, U. Bassler, V. Bazterra, A. Bean, M. Begalli, L. Bellantoni, S.B. Beri, G. Bernardi, R. Bernhard, I. Bertram, M. Besançon, R. Beuselinck, P.C. Bhat, S. Bhatia, V. Bhatnagar, G. Blazey, S. Blessing, K. Bloom, A. Boehnlein, D. Boline, E.E. Boos, G. Borissov, M. Borysova, A. Brandt, O. Brandt, R. Brock, A. Bross, D. Brown, X.B. Bu, M. Buehler, V. Buescher, V. Bunichev, S. Burdin, C.P. Buszello, E. Camacho-Pérez, B.C.K. Casey, H. Castilla-Valdez, S. Caughron, S. Chakrabarti, K.M. Chan, A. Chandra, E. Chapon, G. Chen, S.W. Cho, S. Choi, B. Choudhary, S. Cihangir, D. Claes, J. Clutter, M. Cooke, W.E. Cooper, M. Corcoran, F. Couderc, M.-C. Cousinou, D. Cutts, A. Das, G. Davies, S.J. de Jong, E. De La Cruz-Burelo, F. Déliot, R. Demina, D. Denisov, S.P. Denisov, S. Desai, C. Deterre, K. DeVaughan, H.T. Diehl, M. Diesburg, P.F. Ding, A. Dominguez, A. Dubey, L.V. Dudko, A. Duperrin, S. Dutt, M. Eads, D. Edmunds, J. Ellison, V.D. Elvira, Y. Enari, H. Evans, V.N. Evdokimov, A. Fauré, L. Feng, T. Ferbel, F. Fiedler, F. Filthaut, W. Fisher, H.E. Fisk, M. Fortner, H. Fox, S. Fuess, P.H. Garbincius, A. Garcia-Bellido, J.A. García-González, V. Gavrilov, W. Geng, C.E. Gerber, Y. Gershtein, G. Ginther, O. Gogota, G. Golovanov, P.D. Grannis, S. Greder, H. Greenlee, G. Grenier, Ph. Gris, J.-F. Grivaz, A. Grohsjean, S. Grünendahl, M.W. Grünewald, T. Guillemin, G. Gutierrez, P. Gutierrez, J. Haley, L. Han, K. Harder, A. Harel, J.M. Hauptman, J. Hays, T. Head, T. Hebbeker, D. Hedin, H. Hegab, A.P. Heinson, U. Heintz, C. Hensel, I. Heredia-De La Cruz, K. Herner, G. Hesketh, M.D. Hildreth, R. Hirosky, T. Hoang, J.D. Hobbs, B. Hoeneisen, J. Hogan, M. Hohlfeld, J.L. Holzbauer, I. Howley, Z. Hubacek, V. Hynek, I. Iashvili, Y. Ilchenko, R. Illingworth, A.S. Ito, S. Jabeen, M. Jaffré, A. Jayasinghe, M.S. Jeong, R. Jesik, P. Jiang, K. Johns, E. Johnson, M. Johnson, A. Jonckheere, P. Jonsson, J. Joshi, A.W. Jung, A. Juste, E. Kajfasz, D. Karmanov, I. Katsanos, M. Kaur, R. Kehoe, S. Kermiche, N. Khalatyan, A. Khanov, A. Kharchilava, Y.N. Kharzheev, I. Kiselevich, J.M. Kohli, A.V. Kozelov, J. Kraus, A. Kumar, A. Kupco, T. Kurča, V.A. Kuzmin, S. Lammers, P. Lebrun, H.S. Lee, S.W. Lee, W.M. Lee, X. Lei, J. Lellouch, D. Li, H. Li, L. Li, Q.Z. Li, J.K. Lim, D. Lincoln, J. Linnemann, V.V. Lipaev, R. Lipton, H. Liu, Y. Liu, A. Lobodenko, M. Lokajicek, R. Lopes de Sa, R. Luna-Garcia, A.L. Lyon, A.K.A. Maciel, R. Madar, R. Magaña-Villalba, S. Malik, V.L. Malyshev, J. Mansour, J. Martínez-Ortega, R. McCarthy, C.L. McGivern, M.M. Meijer, A. Melnitchouk, D. Menezes, P.G. Mercadante, M. Merkin, A. Meyer, J. Meyer, F. Miconi, N.K. Mondal, M. Mulhearn, E. Nagy, M. Narain, R. Nayyar, H.A. Neal, J.P. Negret, P. Neustroev, H.T. Nguyen, T. Nunnemann, J. Orduna, N. Osman, J. Osta, A. Pal, N. Parashar, V. Parihar, S.K. Park, R. Partridge, N. Parua, A. Patwa, B. Penning, M. Perfilov, Y. Peters, K. Petridis, G. Petrillo, P. Pétroff, M.-A. Pleier, V.M. Podstavkov, A.V. Popov, M. Prewitt, D. Price, N. Prokopenko, J. Qian, A. Quadt, B. Quinn, P.N. Ratoff, I. Razumov, I. Ripp-Baudot, F. Rizatdinova, M. Rominsky, A. Ross, C. Royon, P. Rubinov, R. Ruchti, G. Sajot, A. Sánchez-Hernández, M.P. Sanders, A.S. Santos, G. Savage, M. Savitskyi, L. Sawyer, T. Scanlon, R.D. Schamberger, Y. Scheglov, H. Schellman, C. Schwanenberger, R. Schwienhorst, J. Sekaric, H. Severini, E. Shabalina, V. Shary, S. Shaw, A.A. Shchukin, V. Simak, P. Skubic, P. Slattery, D. Smirnov, G.R. Snow, J. Snow, S. Snyder, S. Söldner-Rembold, L. Sonnenschein, K. Soustruznik, J. Stark, D.A. Stoyanova, M. Strauss, L. Suter, P. Svoisky, M. Titov, V.V. Tokmenin, Y.-T. Tsai, D. Tsybychev, B. Tuchming, C. Tully, L. Uvarov, S. Uvarov, S. Uzunyan, R. Van Kooten, W.M. van Leeuwen, N. Varelas, E.W. Varnes, I.A. Vasilyev, A.Y. Verkheev, L.S. Vertogradov, M. Verzocchi, M. Vesterinen, D. Vilanova, P. Vokac, H.D. Wahl, M.H.L.S. Wang, J. Warchol, G. Watts, M. Wayne, J. Weichert, L. Welty-Rieger, M.R.J. Williams, G.W. Wilson, M. Wobisch, D.R. Wood, T.R. Wyatt, Y. Xie, R. Yamada, S. Yang, T. Yasuda, Y.A. Yatsunenko, W. Ye, Z. Ye, H. Yin, K. Yip, S.W. Youn, J.M. Yu, J. Zennamo, T.G. Zhao, B. Zhou, J. Zhu, M. Zielinski, D. Zieminska, and L. Zivkovic
Subjects: Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: We present the first measurements of the differential cross section dσ/dpTγ for the production of an isolated photon in association with at least two b-quark jets. The measurements consider photons with rapidities |yγ|15 GeV and |yjet|
Published: 2014
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26. Understanding the relationship between groundnut canopy level weather and observatory weather for leafspot disease prediction

Author: S. DESAI, M. PRABHAKAR, Y. G. PRASAD, M. SRINIVASA RAO, N. RAVI KUMAR, and V. U. M. RAO
Subjects: Late leafspot, Microclimate, Groundnut, apparent infection rate, AUDPC, Agriculture
Abstract: One of reasons for non-translation of weather based prediction systems for groundnut late leafspot is inability of the models to account for the variability due to prime contributing weather parameters and inadequate data on microclimate of the pathogen in the canopy. The instruments for measuring microclimate are not only expensive but also need timely calibration. Hence, an effort was made to find out relationships between observatory meteorological data and microclimate at canopy level. Field trials were laid out during kharif seasons of 2004 and 2006 and wireless sensors were placed in the field near to crop canopy to record weather. During 2004 Tmax, Tmin and RHe were significantly positively correlated (‘r’=0.729, 0.943 and 0.680, respectively) whereas RHm was not significant (‘r’=0.201). On the other hand, during 2006, both Tmax and RHe were strongly positively correlated (‘r’=0.791 and 0.652, respectively) whereas ‘r’ values of RHm and Tmin were not significant (-0.380 and 0.151, respectively). The relationship between the Tmax of observatory and canopy level showed logistic relationship with a mean deviation of 8.1±1.4 and a range of 5.7 to10.6. Similarly, Tmin of observatory and canopy level showed logistic relationship with a mean deviation of 1.0±1.6 and a range of –2.0 to 4.3. During kharif 2004, RHm and RHe showed an exponential relationship between observatory and canopy level data. However, during kharif 2006, the relationships were sinusoidal. These functional relationships for temperatures could be used for developing weather based forewarning systems. Though the apparent infection rate in 2004 (0.0664) was similar to ‘r’ in 2004 (0.0759), the area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) was relatively less in 2006 as compared to 2004, which signifies the role of weather and other crop husbandry practices including date of sowing. The results are discussed in this paper.
Published: 2013
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27. Interaction of large artery stiffness and baroreceptor function explored through multiple measurement techniques - a pilot study.

Author: Vaidehi S. Desai, Alberto P. Avolio, Isabella Tan, Karen C. Peebles, and Mark Butlin
Published: 2023
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28. Salivary Duct Cyst

Author: R. Nagar, Saurabh, primary, Fernandes, Gabriela, additional, Bansal, Shivani, additional, S. Desai, Rajiv, additional, and Jayanth Kamdar, Diya, additional
Published: 2022
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29. Nitrogen Management in Kharif Pearlmillet

Author: J. R., Patel,, primary, D. M., Patel,, additional, and J. S., Desai,, additional
Published: 2024
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30. Management of Orobanche in Mustard

Author: J. R., Patel,, primary, D. M., Patel,, additional, and J. S., Desai,, additional
Published: 2024
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31. VISHWACHI -A CASE REPORT

Author: Kalal, Priyanka, primary and S Desai, Ananta, additional
Published: 2024
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32. Urological Cancers Presentations in Manipur –are they Different from Other Regions of India?

Author: S., Desai Fanny, primary, Jitendra, Nongthombam, additional, and Singh, Lisam Shanjukumar, additional
Published: 2021
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33. Dark Energy Survey Year 3 Results: Deep Field optical + near-infrared images and catalogue

Author: W G Hartley, A Choi, A Amon, R A Gruendl, E Sheldon, I Harrison, G M Bernstein, I Sevilla-Noarbe, B Yanny, K Eckert, H T Diehl, A Alarcon, M Banerji, K Bechtol, R Buchs, S Cantu, C Conselice, J Cordero, C Davis, T M Davis, S Dodelson, A Drlica-Wagner, S Everett, A Ferté, D Gruen, K Honscheid, M Jarvis, M D Johnson, N Kokron, N MacCrann, J Myles, A B Pace, A Palmese, F Paz-Chinchón, M E S Pereira, A A Plazas, J Prat, M Rodriguez-Monroy, E S Rykoff, S Samuroff, C Sánchez, L F Secco, F Tarsitano, A Tong, M A Troxel, Z Vasquez, K Wang, C Zhou, T M C Abbott, M Aguena, S Allam, J Annis, D Bacon, E Bertin, S Bhargava, D Brooks, D L Burke, A Carnero Rosell, M Carrasco Kind, J Carretero, F J Castander, M Costanzi, M Crocce, L N da Costa, J De Vicente, J DeRose, S Desai, J P Dietrich, T F Eifler, J Elvin-Poole, I Ferrero, B Flaugher, P Fosalba, J García-Bellido, E Gaztanaga, D W Gerdes, J Gschwend, G Gutierrez, S R Hinton, D L Hollowood, D Huterer, D J James, S Kent, E Krause, K Kuehn, N Kuropatkin, O Lahav, H Lin, M A G Maia, M March, J L Marshall, P Martini, P Melchior, F Menanteau, R Miquel, J J Mohr, R Morgan, E Neilsen, R L C Ogando, S Pandey, A K Romer, A Roodman, M Sako, E Sanchez, V Scarpine, S Serrano, M Smith, M Soares-Santos, E Suchyta, M E C Swanson, G Tarle, D Thomas, C To, T N Varga, A R Walker, W Wester, R D Wilkinson, and J Zuntz
Published: 2021
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34. Fuel Efficient Control Algorithms for Connected and Automated Line-Haul Trucks.

Author: Jingxuan Liu, Bibin Pattel, Akash S. Desai, Edmund Hodzen, and Hoseinali Borhan
Published: 2019
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35. A Case of Brachial Plexus Schwannoma Presenting as a Cystic Neck Swelling

Author: Chatterjee, Sanjay, primary, A, Yawalikar, additional, S, Jeyakumar, additional, and S, Desai, additional
Published: 2024
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36. Superclustering with the Atacama Cosmology Telescope and Dark Energy Survey. I. Evidence for Thermal Energy Anisotropy Using Oriented Stacking

Author: M. Lokken, R. Hložek, A. van Engelen, M. Madhavacheril, E. Baxter, J. DeRose, C. Doux, S. Pandey, E. S. Rykoff, G. Stein, C. To, T. M. C. Abbott, S. Adhikari, M. Aguena, S. Allam, F. Andrade-Oliveira, J. Annis, N. Battaglia, G. M. Bernstein, E. Bertin, J. R. Bond, D. Brooks, E. Calabrese, A. Carnero Rosell, M. Carrasco Kind, J. Carretero, R. Cawthon, A. Choi, M. Costanzi, M. Crocce, L. N. da Costa, M. E. da Silva Pereira, J. De Vicente, S. Desai, J. P. Dietrich, J. Dunkley, S. Ferraro, P. A. Gallardo, and E. J. Wollack
Subjects: Astrophysics
Abstract: The cosmic web contains filamentary structure on a wide range of scales. On the largest scales, superclustering aligns multiple galaxy clusters along intercluster bridges, visible through their thermal Sunyaev–Zel'dovich signal in the cosmic microwave background. We demonstrate a new, flexible method to analyze the hot gas signal from multiscale extended structures. We use a Compton y-map from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) stacked on redMaPPer cluster positions from the optical Dark Energy Survey (DES). Cutout images from the y-map are oriented with large-scale structure information from DES galaxy data such that the superclustering signal is aligned before being overlaid. We find evidence of an extended quadrupole moment of the stacked y signal at the 3.5σ level, demonstrating that the large-scale thermal energy surrounding galaxy clusters is anisotropically distributed. We compare our ACT × DES results with the Buzzard simulations, finding broad agreement. Using simulations, we highlight the promise of this novel technique for constraining the evolution of anisotropic, non-Gaussian structure using future combinations of microwave and optical surveys.
Published: 2022
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37. The Dark Energy Survey supernova programme: modelling selection efficiency and observed core-collapse supernova contamination

Author: M Vincenzi, M Sullivan, O Graur, D Brout, T M Davis, C Frohmaier, L Galbany, C P Gutiérrez, S R Hinton, R Hounsell, L Kelsey, R Kessler, E Kovacs, S Kuhlmann, J Lasker, C Lidman, A Möller, R C Nichol, M Sako, D Scolnic, M Smith, E Swann, P Wiseman, J Asorey, G F Lewis, R Sharp, B E Tucker, M Aguena, S Allam, S Avila, E Bertin, D Brooks, D L Burke, A Carnero Rosell, M Carrasco Kind, J Carretero, F J Castander, A Choi, M Costanzi, L N da Costa, M E S Pereira, J De Vicente, S Desai, H T Diehl, P Doel, S Everett, I Ferrero, P Fosalba, J Frieman, J García-Bellido, E Gaztanaga, D W Gerdes, D Gruen, R A Gruendl, G Gutierrez, D L Hollowood, K Honscheid, B Hoyle, D J James, K Kuehn, N Kuropatkin, M A G Maia, P Martini, F Menanteau, R Miquel, R Morgan, A Palmese, F Paz-Chinchón, A A Plazas, A K Romer, E Sanchez, V Scarpine, S Serrano, I Sevilla-Noarbe, M Soares-Santos, E Suchyta, G Tarle, D Thomas, C To, T N Varga, A R Walker, and R D Wilkinson
Published: 2021
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38. Dark energy survey year 3 results: weak lensing shape catalogue

Author: M Gatti, E Sheldon, A Amon, M Becker, M Troxel, A Choi, C Doux, N MacCrann, A Navarro-Alsina, I Harrison, D Gruen, G Bernstein, M Jarvis, L F Secco, A Ferté, T Shin, J McCullough, R P Rollins, R Chen, C Chang, S Pandey, I Tutusaus, J Prat, J Elvin-Poole, C Sanchez, A A Plazas, A Roodman, J Zuntz, T M C Abbott, M Aguena, S Allam, J Annis, S Avila, D Bacon, E Bertin, S Bhargava, D Brooks, D L Burke, A Carnero Rosell, M Carrasco Kind, J Carretero, F J Castander, C Conselice, M Costanzi, M Crocce, L N da Costa, T M Davis, J De Vicente, S Desai, H T Diehl, J P Dietrich, P Doel, A Drlica-Wagner, K Eckert, S Everett, I Ferrero, J Frieman, J García-Bellido, D W Gerdes, T Giannantonio, R A Gruendl, J Gschwend, G Gutierrez, W G Hartley, S R Hinton, D L Hollowood, K Honscheid, B Hoyle, E M Huff, D Huterer, B Jain, D J James, T Jeltema, E Krause, R Kron, N Kuropatkin, M Lima, M A G Maia, J L Marshall, R Miquel, R Morgan, J Myles, A Palmese, F Paz-Chinchón, E S Rykoff, S Samuroff, E Sanchez, V Scarpine, M Schubnell, S Serrano, I Sevilla-Noarbe, M Smith, M Soares-Santos, E Suchyta, M E C Swanson, G Tarle, D Thomas, C To, D L Tucker, T N Varga, R H Wechsler, J Weller, W Wester, and R D Wilkinson
Published: 2021
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39. Valvular Regurgitation in Adults with Congenital Heart Disease and Heart Failure

Author: Amrit Misra, Akshay S. Desai, and Anne Marie Valente
Subjects: General Medicine, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Published: 2023

40. Noise from undetected sources in Dark Energy Survey images

Author: K Eckert, G M Bernstein, A Amara, A Amon, A Choi, S Everett, D Gruen, R A Gruendl, E M Huff, N Kuropatkin, A Roodman, E Sheldon, B Yanny, Y Zhang, T M C Abbott, M Aguena, S Avila, K Bechtol, D Brooks, D L Burke, A Carnero Rosell, M Carrasco Kind, J Carretero, M Costanzi, L N da Costa, J De Vicente, S Desai, H T Diehl, J P Dietrich, T F Eifler, A E Evrard, B Flaugher, J Frieman, J García-Bellido, E Gaztanaga, J Gschwend, G Gutierrez, W G Hartley, D L Hollowood, K Honscheid, D J James, R Kron, K Kuehn, M A G Maia, J L Marshall, P Melchior, F Menanteau, R Miquel, R L C Ogando, A Palmese, F Paz-Chinchón, A A Plazas, A K Romer, E Sanchez, V Scarpine, S Serrano, I Sevilla-Noarbe, M Smith, M Soares-Santos, E Suchyta, M E C Swanson, G Tarle, D Thomas, T N Varga, A R Walker, W Wester, R D Wilkinson, and J Zuntz
Published: 2020
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41. Studying Type II supernovae as cosmological standard candles using the Dark Energy Survey

Author: T de Jaeger, L Galbany, S González-Gaitán, R Kessler, A V Filippenko, F Förster, M Hamuy, P J Brown, T M Davis, C P Gutiérrez, C Inserra, G F Lewis, A Möller, D Scolnic, M Smith, D Brout, D Carollo, R J Foley, K Glazebrook, S R Hinton, E Macaulay, B Nichol, M Sako, N E Sommer, B E Tucker, T M C Abbott, M Aguena, S Allam, J Annis, S Avila, E Bertin, S Bhargava, D Brooks, D L Burke, A Carnero Rosell, M Carrasco Kind, J Carretero, M Costanzi, M Crocce, L N da Costa, J De Vicente, S Desai, H T Diehl, P Doel, A Drlica-Wagner, T F Eifler, J Estrada, S Everett, B Flaugher, P Fosalba, J Frieman, J García-Bellido, E Gaztanaga, D Gruen, R A Gruendl, J Gschwend, G Gutierrez, W G Hartley, D L Hollowood, K Honscheid, D J James, K Kuehn, N Kuropatkin, T S Li, M Lima, M A G Maia, F Menanteau, R Miquel, A Palmese, F Paz-Chinchón, A A Plazas, A K Romer, A Roodman, E Sanchez, V Scarpine, M Schubnell, S Serrano, I Sevilla-Noarbe, M Soares-Santos, E Suchyta, M E C Swanson, G Tarle, D Thomas, D L Tucker, T N Varga, A R Walker, J Weller, and R Wilkinson
Published: 2020
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42. STRIDES: a 3.9 per cent measurement of the Hubble constant from the strong lens system DES J0408−5354

Author: A J Shajib, S Birrer, T Treu, A Agnello, E J Buckley-Geer, J H H Chan, L Christensen, C Lemon, H Lin, M Millon, J Poh, C E Rusu, D Sluse, C Spiniello, G C-F Chen, T Collett, F Courbin, C D Fassnacht, J Frieman, A Galan, D Gilman, A More, T Anguita, M W Auger, V Bonvin, R McMahon, G Meylan, K C Wong, T M C Abbott, J Annis, S Avila, K Bechtol, D Brooks, D Brout, D L Burke, A Carnero Rosell, M Carrasco Kind, J Carretero, F J Castander, M Costanzi, L N da Costa, J De Vicente, S Desai, J P Dietrich, P Doel, A Drlica-Wagner, A E Evrard, D A Finley, B Flaugher, P Fosalba, J García-Bellido, D W Gerdes, D Gruen, R A Gruendl, J Gschwend, G Gutierrez, D L Hollowood, K Honscheid, D Huterer, D J James, T Jeltema, E Krause, N Kuropatkin, T S Li, M Lima, N MacCrann, M A G Maia, J L Marshall, P Melchior, R Miquel, R L C Ogando, A Palmese, F Paz-Chinchón, A A Plazas, A K Romer, A Roodman, M Sako, E Sanchez, B Santiago, V Scarpine, M Schubnell, D Scolnic, S Serrano, I Sevilla-Noarbe, M Smith, M Soares-Santos, E Suchyta, G Tarle, D Thomas, A R Walker, and Y Zhang
Published: 2020
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43. Photometric Properties of Jupiter Trojans Detected by the Dark Energy Survey

Author: Jiaming 嘉明 Pan 潘, Hsing Wen 省文 Lin 林, David W. Gerdes, Kevin J. Napier, Jichi 骥驰 Wang 王, T. M. C. Abbott, M. Aguena, S. Allam, O. Alves, D. Bacon, P. H. Bernardinelli, G. M. Bernstein, E. Bertin, D. Brooks, D. L. Burke, A. Carnero Rosell, M. Carrasco Kind, J. Carretero, M. Costanzi, L. N. da Costa, M. E. S. Pereira, J. De Vicente, S. Desai, P. Doel, I. Ferrero, D. Friedel, J. Frieman, J. García-Bellido, M. Gatti, R. A. Gruendl, J. Gschwend, K. Herner, S. R. Hinton, D. L. Hollowood, K. Honscheid, D. J. James, K. Kuehn, N. Kuropatkin, M. March, F. Menanteau, R. Miquel, F. Paz-Chinchón, A. Pieres, A. A. Plazas Malagón, M. Raveri, M. Rodriguez-Monroy, A. K. Romer, E. Sanchez, M. Schubnell, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, M. Smith, E. Suchyta, G. Tarle, D. Tucker, A. R. Walker, and N. Weaverdyck
Published: 2022
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44. Cardiovascular Disease Prediction using Deep Learning and Feature Selection

Author: null Shrivatsa S. Desai, null Kunal S. Gajmal, null Suraj S. Bhosale, and null Aniket B. Manjare
Subjects: General Earth and Planetary Sciences, General Environmental Science
Abstract: Due to a variety of alterations in human lifestyles, cardiovascular disease is one of the primary causes of death worldwide. If diagnosed early enough, heart disease can be minimised in about 90% of cases, giving doctors valuable insight about how to diagnose and treat patients. One of the best methods for making predictions is the use of machine learning. Studies on applying ML systems to forecast heart disease only look at the broad picture. Predicting the disease and its root cause is one of the toughest problems we face today. With the use of deep learning algorithms, we have developed an innovative approach in this study to recognise big datasets, improving the precision of cardiovascular disease prediction.In our model, feature selection and artificial neural networks have been used to predict cardiovascular diseases. Feature selection and ANN are two methods based on machine learning (ML) that can be used to select the most pertinent features from a dataset and give helpful prediction results. The accuracy of the two models, which are applied to analyse two distinct datasets, is 83% and 97.42%, respectively.
Published: 2023

45. Suppression of Wave Instability in a Liquid Film Flow Down a Non-uniformly Heated Slippery Inclined Plane Using Odd Viscosity

Author: Akshay S. Desai, Souradip Chattopadhyay, Amar Gaonkar, Amlan K. Barua, and Anandamoy Mukhopadhyay
Subjects: Mechanical Engineering
Abstract: We study the effects of odd viscosity on the stability of a thin Newtonian liquid film flowing down a nonuniformly heated plane under a slip boundary condition. The effect of odd viscosity arises in classical fluids when the time-reversal symmetry breaks down. Due to the odd viscosity, the odd part of the Cauchy stress tensor consists of symmetric and anti-symmetric parts and shows several striking effects. We apply the Navier slip boundary condition for the slippery inclined plane at the solid-liquid interface. For our problem, we first derive an evolution equation whose solution describes the film thickness. The equation contains parameters considering the effect of inertia, thermocapillarity, slip length, and odd viscosity. We then perform the linear stability analysis and find that odd viscosity can significantly suppress the combined destabilizing effects of the thermocapillarity and slip length. Next, we analyze the dynamics using the weakly nonlinear approach, which provides details of different sub-regions of the instability zone. We observe that as the influence of the odd viscosity increases, the supercritical stable and explosive zones shrink while the unconditional stable and subcritical unstable zones expand. We also perform numerical investigation and observe that linear analysis, weakly nonlinear theory, and numerical results are consistent.
Published: 2023

46. Etiological review and outcome of thrombocytopenia in pregnancy in the tertiary care centre

Author: Sangeeta S. Desai, Kavita S. Kabade, Sumitra Reddy T. S. K., and Gheya Devireddy
Subjects: General Medicine
Abstract: Background: Objective of the study was to identify and analyse the etiology of thrombocytopenia in pregnancy and review the evaluation of thrombocytopenia and its outcome in pregnancy. Methods: Retrospective study conducted at D. Y. Patil Hospital, Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India, from January 2021 to January 2023, in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology. All the antenatal women admitted in the ward of obstetrics and gynecology with platelet count less than 1 lakh/cubic cc were included in the study. Thorough evaluation for the cause of thrombocytopenia and outcome of the patient were collected and results were analyzed. Results: Out of 3319 deliveries, 100 patients had platelet counts less than 1 lakh. Overall, in the present study, Gestational thrombocytopenia (38%) is the most common cause of low platelets in pregnancy, followed by pre-eclampsia (20%) and DIC (16%). The rest of the etiologies rarely cause thrombocytopenia in pregnancy (
Published: 2023

47. Association of Dapagliflozin Use with Clinical Outcomes and the Introduction of Uric Acid-Lowering Therapy and Colchicine in Patients with Heart Failure with and Without Gout

Author: Jawad H. Butt, Kieran F. Docherty, Brian L. Claggett, Akshay S. Desai, Magnus Petersson, Anna Maria Langkilde, Rudolf A. de Boer, Adrian F. Hernandez, Silvio E. Inzucchi, Mikhail N. Kosiborod, Lars Køber, Carolyn S. P. Lam, Felipe A. Martinez, Piotr Ponikowski, Marc S. Sabatine, Sanjiv J. Shah, Muthiah Vaduganathan, Pardeep S. Jhund, Scott D. Solomon, John J. V. McMurray, and Cardiology
Subjects: Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Abstract: ImportanceGout is common in patients with heart failure (HF), and sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors, a foundational treatment for HF, reduce uric acid levels.ObjectiveTo examine the reported prevalence of gout at baseline, the association between gout and clinical outcomes, and the effect of dapagliflozin in patients with and without gout and the introduction of new uric acid–lowering therapy and colchicine.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis post hoc analysis used data from 2 phase 3 randomized clinical trials conducted in 26 countries, DAPA-HF (left ventricular ejection fraction [LVEF] ≤40%) and DELIVER (LVEF >40%). Patients with New York Heart Association functional class II through IV and elevated levels of N-terminal pro–B-type natriuretic peptide were eligible. Data were analyzed between September 2022 and December 2022.InterventionAddition of once-daily 10 mg of dapagliflozin or placebo to guideline-recommended therapy.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was the composite of worsening HF or cardiovascular death.ResultsAmong 11 005 patients for whom gout history was available, 1117 patients (10.1%) had a history of gout. The prevalence of gout was 10.3% (488 of 4747 patients) and 10.1% (629 of 6258 patients) in those with an LVEF up to 40% and greater than 40%, respectively. Patients with gout were more often men (897 of 1117 [80.3%]) than those without (6252 of 9888 [63.2%]). The mean (SD) age was similar between groups, 69.6 (9.8) years for patients with gout and 69.3 (10.6) years for those without. Patients with a history of gout had a higher body mass index, more comorbidity, and lower estimated glomerular filtration rate and were more often treated with a loop diuretic. The primary outcome occurred at a rate of 14.7 per 100 person-years (95% CI, 13.0-16.5) in participants with gout compared with 10.5 per 100 person-years (95% CI, 10.1-11.0) in those without (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 1.15; 95% CI, 1.01-1.31). A history of gout was also associated with a higher risk of the other outcomes examined. Compared with placebo, dapagliflozin reduced the risk of the primary end point to the same extent in patients with (HR, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.66-1.06) and without a history of gout (HR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.71-0.87; P = .66 for interaction). The effect of dapagliflozin use with other outcomes was consistent in participants with and without gout. Initiation of uric acid–lowering therapy (HR, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.34-0.53) and colchicine (HR, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.37-0.80) was reduced by dapagliflozin compared with placebo.Conclusions and RelevanceThis post hoc analysis of 2 trials found that gout was common in HF and associated with worse outcomes. The benefit of dapagliflozin was consistent in patients with and without gout. Dapagliflozin reduced the initiation of new treatments for hyperuricemia and gout.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifiers: NCT03036124 and NCT03619213
Published: 2023

48. Patient Characteristics, Outcomes, and Effects of Dapagliflozin According to the Duration of Heart Failure

Author: Toru Kondo, Karola S. Jering, C. Jan Willem Borleffs, Rudolf A. de Boer, Brian L. Claggett, Akshay S. Desai, Dan Dobreanu, Silvio E. Inzucchi, Adrian F. Hernandez, Stefan P. Janssens, Pardeep S. Jhund, Mikhail N. Kosiborod, Carolyn S.P. Lam, Anna Maria Langkilde, Felipe A. Martinez, Magnus Petersson, Pham Nguyen Vinh, Muthiah Vaduganathan, Scott D. Solomon, John J.V. McMurray, and Cardiology
Subjects: Physiology (medical), Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Abstract: Background: How patient characteristics and outcomes vary according to the duration of heart failure (HF) is unknown in individuals with mildly reduced or preserved ejection fraction. We compared these, and the efficacy and safety of dapagliflozin, according to the time from diagnosis of HF in a prespecified analysis of the DELIVER trial (Dapagliflozin Evaluation to Improve the Lives of Patients With Preserved Ejection Fraction Heart Failure). Methods: HF duration was categorized as ≤6 months, >6 to 12 months, >1 to 2 years, >2 to 5 years, or >5 years. The primary outcome was the composite of worsening HF or cardiovascular death. The effect of treatment was examined by HF duration category. Results: The number of patients in each category was as follows: 1160 (≤6 months), 842 (>6 to 12 months), 995 (>1 to 2 years), 1569 (>2 to 5 years), and 1692 (>5 years). Patients with longer-duration HF were older and had more comorbidities with worse symptoms. The rate of the primary outcome (per 100 person-years) increased with HF duration: ≤6 months, 7.3 (95% CI, 6.3 to 8.4); >6 to 12 months, 7.1 (6.0 to 8.5); >1 to 2 years, 8.4 (7.2 to 9.7); >2 to 5 years, 8.9 (7.9 to 9.9); and >5 years, 10.6 (9.5 to 11.7). Similar trends were seen for other outcomes. The benefit of dapagliflozin was consistent across HF duration category: the hazard ratio for the primary outcome in the ≤6-month group was 0.67 (95% CI, 0.50 to 0.91); >6 to 12 months, 0.78 (0.55 to 1.12); >1 to 2 years, 0.81 (0.60 to 1.09); >2 to 5 years, 0.97 (0.77 to 1.22); and >5 years, 0.78 (0.64 to 0.96; P interaction =0.41). The absolute benefit was greatest in longest-duration HF; the number needed to treat for HF >5 years was 24 versus 32 for ≤6 months. Conclusions: Patients with longer-duration HF were older, had more comorbidities and symptoms, and had higher rates of worsening HF and death. The benefits of dapagliflozin were consistent across HF duration. Even patients with long-standing HF and generally mild symptoms are not stable, and it is not too late for such patients to benefit from a sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor. Registration: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov ; Unique identifier: NCT03619213.
Published: 2023

49. Dapagliflozin in Black and White Patients With Heart Failure Across the Ejection Fraction Spectrum

Author: Jawad H. Butt, Kieran F. Docherty, Brian L. Claggett, Akshay S. Desai, James C. Fang, Magnus Petersson, Anna Maria Langkilde, Rudolf A. de Boer, Jose Walter Cabrera Honorio, Adrian F. Hernandez, Silvio E. Inzucchi, Mikhail N. Kosiborod, Lars Køber, Carolyn S.P. Lam, Felipe A. Martinez, Piotr Ponikowski, Marc S. Sabatine, Orly Vardeny, Eileen O'Meara, Jose F.K. Saraiva, Sanjiv J. Shah, Muthiah Vaduganathan, Pardeep S. Jhund, Scott D. Solomon, and John J.V. McMurray
Subjects: Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Abstract: Background: Black people have a higher incidence and prevalence of heart failure (HF) than White people, and once HF has developed, they may have worse outcomes. There is also evidence that the response to several pharmacologic therapies may differ between Black and White patients. Objectives: The authors sought to examine the outcomes and response to treatment with dapagliflozin according to Black or White race in a pooled analysis of 2 trials comparing dapagliflozin to placebo in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (DAPA-HF [Dapagliflozin and Prevention of Adverse Outcomes in Heart Failure]) and heart failure with mildly reduced ejection fraction/heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (DELIVER [Dapagliflozin Evaluation to Improve the Lives of Patients With Preserved Ejection Fraction Heart Failure]). Methods: Because most self-identified Black patients were enrolled in the Americas, the comparator group was White patients randomized in the same regions. The primary outcome was the composite of worsening HF or cardiovascular death. Results: Of the 3,526 patients randomized in the Americas, 2,626 (74.5%) identified as White and 381 (10.8%) as Black. The primary outcome occurred at a rate of 16.8 (95% CI: 13.8-20.4) in Black patients compared with 11.6 (95% CI: 10.6-12.7) per 100 person-years in White patients (adjusted HR: 1.27; 95% CI: 1.01-1.59). Compared with placebo, dapagliflozin decreased the risk of the primary endpoint to the same extent in Black (HR: 0.69; 95% CI: 0.47-1.02) and White patients (HR: 0.73 [95% CI: 0.61-0.88]; Pinteraction = 0.73). The number of patients needed to treat with dapagliflozin to prevent one event over the median follow-up was 17 in White and 12 in Black patients. The beneficial effects and favorable safety profile of dapagliflozin were consistent across the range of left ventricular ejection fractions in both Black and White patients. Conclusions: The relative benefits of dapagliflozin were consistent in Black and White patients across the range of left ventricular ejection fraction, with greater absolute benefits in Black patients.
Published: 2023

50. Centrally Adjudicated Heart Failure Outcomes Are Needed in Clinical Trials

Author: Akshay S. Desai and Mark C. Petrie
Subjects: Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Published: 2023

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