31 results on '"S. Cristaldi"'
Search Results
2. Very early development of typical signs of Kawasaki Disease with transient coronary involvement
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S Cristaldi, Alessandra Marchesi, L Granata, Danilo Buonsenso, I Tarissi de Jacobis, and Antonino Reale
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Aspirin ,business.industry ,lcsh:RC633-647.5 ,Hematology ,Disease ,lcsh:Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,medicine.disease ,Complete resolution ,kawasaki disease, coronary artery ,Coronary arteries ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Infectious Diseases ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Clinical diagnosis ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Cardiology ,Kawasaki disease ,030212 general & internal medicine ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute, self-limited, inflammatory disease affecting medium-sized arteries and particularly the coronary arteries in about 25% of untreated cases. KD is a clinical diagnosis based on the presence of ≥5 days of fever and the presence of ≥4 of the 5 principal clinical criteria. We described, for the first time to our knowledge, a case of a very early development (on day 1) of typical KD with transient coronary involvement, diagnosed on day 2 of disease and treated with aspirin and steroids on day 3, with complete resolution of clinical signs and coronary involvement.
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- 2018
3. Obstacles constrained group mobility models in event-driven wireless networks with movable base stations
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Rosalba Giugno, Alfredo Pulvirenti, Alfredo Ferro, S. Cristaldi, and Giuseppe Pigola
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Mobility model ,Computer Networks and Communications ,Wireless network ,business.industry ,Computer science ,Dynamic two level hierarchy AODV ,ComputerSystemsOrganization_COMPUTER-COMMUNICATIONNETWORKS ,Reference Point Group mobility model ,Random Way Point mobility model ,Mobile base stations ,Distributed clustering ,Communication and movement obstacles ,Throughput optimization ,Throughput ,Bottleneck ,clustering algorithm ,Base station ,Hardware and Architecture ,Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector Routing ,Motion planning ,business ,Cluster analysis ,Software ,Computer network - Abstract
In this paper, we propose a protocol for dynamic reconfiguration of ad-hoc wireless networks with movable base stations in presence of obstacles. Hosts are assigned to base stations according to a probabilistic throughput function based on both the quality of the signal and the base station load. In order to optimize space coverage, base stations cluster hosts using a distributed clustering algorithm. Obstacles may interfere with transmission and obstruct base stations and hosts movement. To overcome this problem, we perform base stations repositioning making use of a motion planning algorithm on the visibility graph based on an extension of the bottleneck matching technique. We implemented the protocol on top of the NS2 simulator as an extension of the AODV. We tested it using both Random Way Point and Reference Point Group mobility models properly adapted to deal with obstacles. Experimental analysis shows that the protocol ensures the total space coverage together with a good throughput on the realistic model (Reference Point Group) outperforming both the standard AODV and DSR.
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- 2011
4. Probing Titan's atmosphere by stellar occultation
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F. Sèvre, Bruno Sicardy, Jean Lecacheux, E. Thouvenot, J. L. Vidal, F. Reques, C. Buil, François Colas, André Brahic, E. Lellouch, J. E. Arlot, A. Klotz, C. Ferrari, W. Thuillot, S. Cristaldi, C. Blanco, and D. Gautiert
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Atmospheric physics ,Solar System ,Multidisciplinary ,Infrared ,Astronomy ,Light curve ,Occultation ,Astrobiology ,symbols.namesake ,Apparent magnitude ,symbols ,Titan (rocket family) ,Stratosphere ,Geology - Abstract
WE report results from the first stellar occultation by Titan ever observed. As predicted by Wasserman1, on 3 July 1989 the bright star 28 Sagittarii (visual magnitude, V ≈ 5.5), passed behind Saturn's giant moon ( V ≈ 8.3), which is the only body in the Solar System that, like the Earth, has a dense, nitrogen-rich atmosphere2. The event, visible from Europe, North Africa and the Middle East, allowed us to probe Titan's atmosphere in an altitude range of ∼ 250–500 km (a pressure range of ∼250-1 μbar), where until now, there has been an 'information gap' between infrared and ultraviolet Voyager observations3–5. We also detected a central flash as the centre of Titan's shadow passed at a few tens of kilometres from Paris. This central flash allows us to estimate a finite oblateness of Titan's stratosphere, which could arise from a super-rotation of Titan's atmosphere.
- Published
- 1990
5. Study of star extinction beyond comet P/Halley
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S. Cristaldi, Giancarlo Bellucci, Vittorio Formisano, F. Tripodi, and E. Amata
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Physics ,Stars ,Interplanetary dust cloud ,Comet tail ,Observatory ,Comet dust ,Comet ,Halley's Comet ,Extinction (astronomy) ,Astronomy ,Astrophysics - Abstract
By studying star extinction behind comet P/Halley caused by dust grains, it is possible to identify structures in the dust environment when the extinction does not follow ther−2 profile with radial distance from the nucleus. This has been done with CCD images taken from Catania Observatory on April 23, 1986. The result of the study confirms the presence of two dust jets seen also with images taken with narrow band (cont 685 nm) filters looking only at solar light reflected by dust particles.
- Published
- 1990
6. Kidney transplantation in a girl with methylmalonic acidemia and end stage renal failure
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M. A. Castello, P. Barsotti, Riccardo Lubrano, P. Scoppi, S. Scateni, Elisabetta Travasso, and S. Cristaldi
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Nephrology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,Methylmalonic acidemia ,Methylmalonic acid ,Kidney ,Gastroenterology ,End stage renal disease ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Kidney transplantation ,business.industry ,medicine.disease ,Kidney Transplantation ,Transplantation ,Endocrinology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Treatment Outcome ,chemistry ,kidney transplant ,methylmalonic acidemia ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Kidney Failure, Chronic ,Female ,business ,Kidney disease ,Follow-Up Studies ,Methylmalonic Acid - Abstract
Methylmalonic acidemia (MMA) is an inborn error of organic acid metabolism that occurs in infancy with hypotonia, vomiting, dehydration, lethargy and failure to thrive and is biochemically characterized by metabolic ketoacidosis, hyperammonemia and sometimes hyperglycinemia. It results from deficiency of methylmalonyl-CoA mutase activity due to a defect in the mutase apoenzyme or to deficient function of one of the enzymes required for metabolism of its cofactor vitamin B12. Tubulointerstitial nephritis with progressive impairment of renal function is one of the most frequent long-term complications. We describe a case of a 17-year-old girl with methylmalonic acidemia unresponsive to vitamin B12 therapy. The clinical symptoms appeared at 4 months of life. She progressed into end stage renal disease and in January 1996 she started on hemodialytic treatment. In November 1996 we performed a kidney transplant. At present, urinary excretion of methylmalonic acid is normal and the renal function of the transplanted kidney is normal without any rejection episodes. We think that a kidney transplant could be a good therapeutic choice for the metabolic alterations in MMA with end stage renal disease. Indeed it would seem that the small methylmalonyl-CoA mutase activity present in the transplanted kidney could be sufficient to ensure normal metabolism of organic acids. Otherwise, the therapeutic goal can be achieved with a protein-restricted diet.
- Published
- 2001
7. Flare Colours and Luminosities
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M. Rodonò and S. Cristaldi
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Physics ,Stars ,T Tauri star ,Observatory ,law ,White light ,Flare star ,Astronomy ,Astrophysics ,Variable star ,Main sequence ,Flare ,law.invention - Abstract
Flare colours determined from simultaneous UBV observations made at Catania Observatory and from sequential UBV observations made at McDonald Observatory are presented. They fit fairly well with the theoretical colours computed according to the Gurzadian's (1970) non-thermal model. Only part of the observed flare colours are consistent with the solar type models by Gershberg (1967) and Kunkel (1970).From a B-band patrol of UV Cet-type stars carried out from 1967 to 1972, some quantitative estimates of flare frequencies and luminosities and of their average contribution to the stellar radiation are given.The corresponding parameters for the Sun, which were estimated from ‘white light’ flare activity, are also given for comparison. The Sun and V 1216 Sgr can be regarded as low-activity flare stars of the type found by Kunkel (1973).
- Published
- 1975
8. Imaging of comet Halley from Catania observatory using a CCD and Schmidt plates
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S. Cristaldi, Ermanno Amata, Vittorio Formisano, Giancarlo Bellucci, and G. Agnelli
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Physics ,Atmospheric Science ,Geophysics ,Space and Planetary Science ,Observatory ,Comet ,Aerospace Engineering ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,Astronomy ,Astronomy and Astrophysics ,Astrophysics - Abstract
Observations of comet Halley through CCD and Schmidt plates have been performed at Catania Observatory (Italy) from October 1985 through April 1986. Preliminary results are presented concerning the spatial structures for different spectral ranges of cometary light.
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- 1985
9. Flare Colours and Luminosities
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S. Cristaldi and M. Rodonò
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- 1975
10. Photoelectric Research on Flare Stars at the Catania Astrophysical Observatory
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M. Rodono, G. Godoli, S. Cristaldi, and M. Narbone
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Physics ,Stars ,law ,Observatory ,Flare star ,Astronomy ,Astrophysics ,Photoelectric effect ,Variable star ,Light curve ,Flare ,law.invention - Abstract
In this paper the results recently obtained at Catania from the observations of the flare stars PZ Mon, YZ CMi, AD Leo, BD +55°1823, BD +51°2402 and EV Lac are summarized.
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- 1969
11. Synchronous Three Colour Stellar Photometry at the Catania Astrophysical Observatory
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L. Paternò and S. Cristaldi
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Physics ,Photomultiplier ,Stars ,Photometry (astronomy) ,Observatory ,law ,Flare star ,Astronomy ,Photometer ,Astrophysics ,law.invention ,Flare - Abstract
A synchronous three colour stellar photometer using a single photomultiplier has been constructed at Catania. In this communication the characteristics and the efficiency of this photometer are briefly described. At present the instrument is used for simultaneous UBV photometry of flare stars. A graph of simultaneous measurements in the UBV system of a flare of EV Lac is shown. A more detailed description of the instrument had been published elsewhere (Cristaldi. Paterno 1968).
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- 1969
12. Some Information on the Catania Flare Star Survey
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S. Cristaldi
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Physics ,Flare star ,Astronomy ,Astrophysics - Abstract
I should like to give some information on the activity of the Catania Working Group on Flare Stars constitued by G. Godoli, M. Rodono and myself.The first purpose of our work is to carry out a sufficient large amount of homogeneous photoelectric observations.A first series of data, which refer to 1967 and 1968 observations, has already been published in the Supplement of Astronomy and Astrophysics (2, 223,1970).
- Published
- 1971
13. Coordinated X-ray, optical, and radio observations of YZ Canis Minoris
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S. Cristaldi, M. Rodono, George W. Clark, Thomas J. Moffett, V. R. Venugopal, F. A. Primini, P. F. Chugajnov, Robert W. Hobbs, P. F. Chugainov, O. B. Slee, N. M. Shakhovskoj, Jeffrey E. McClintock, J. A. Richardson, S. P. Maran, D. Bardas, Thomas H. Markert, A. Magun, S. R. Spangler, D. R. Hearn, F. K. Li, Mukul R. Kundu, Carol Jo Crannell, D. S. Evans, M. R. Viner, N. M. Shakhovskoy, J. T. Karpen, Yu. S. Efimov, D. A. Galasso, and G. J. Nelson
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Physics ,X-ray astronomy ,Apparent magnitude ,Space and Planetary Science ,X-ray ,Astronomy and Astrophysics ,Spectral bands ,Emission spectrum ,Astrophysics ,Variable star ,Light curve - Published
- 1977
14. The Eclipsing Binary System KO Aquilae
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C. Blanco and S. Cristaldi
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Photometry (optics) ,Physics ,Space and Planetary Science ,Astronomy ,Binary number ,Astronomy and Astrophysics ,Contact binary ,Roche lobe ,Astrophysics ,Binary system ,Light curve ,Stellar evolution ,Occultation - Abstract
From our observations, and other previous ones, we found the period of the KO Aql systern to be increasing by 3 X 10-8 days per period. V light observations carried out during 1965 show a secondary minimum which becomes shallower in the 1967 and 1969 observations. The solutions of the light curves obtained were possible ouly by assuming the primary minimum to be an occultation. The elements of the system have been deduced on two hypotheses: (I) The primary component is a main-sequence star and the secondary fit's its Roche lobe; (2) The system is in the pre-main-sequence evolutionary phase. Key words: eclipsing binary - photometry - photometric elements
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- 1974
15. «Questo Campanile? Si vede che non è ancora suonata la sua ora». Percorsi tra autori comici del Novecento
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RUOZZI GINO, M. Berisso, S. Cristaldi, F. Bausi ecc., S. Magherini, A. Nozzoli, G. Tellini, and RUOZZI GINO
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Letteratura, Comicità, Generi letterari - Abstract
Autori e modelli dello stile comico nel Novecento da Achille Campanile a Giuseppe Pontiggia.
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- 2019
16. Canti VII-VIII-IX. Esilio, penitenza, resurrezione
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LEDDA, GIUSEPPE, G.C. ALESSIO M. ARIANI L. AZZETTA L. BATTAGLIA RICCI C. BOLOGNA S. CRISTALDI V. DE ANGELIS G. LEDDA M. MOCAN L. PERTILE G. POLIMENI J. SCOTT O. SEDAKOVA C. SINI, BENEDETTA QUADRIO, and G. Ledda
- Abstract
Nel quadro della prestigiosa iniziativa Esperimenti danteschi, che ha visto coinvolti all'Università Statale di Milano alcuni tra i maggiori dantisti del mondo, viene offerta una lettura innovativa dei tre canti del Purgatorio che portano Dante dalla valletta dei principi all'ingresso nel purgatorio vero e proprio.
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- 2010
17. Canti III-IV-V. I segni del Paradiso
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LEDDA, GIUSEPPE, L. AZZETTA L. BATTAGLIA RICCI S. CRISTALDI A. GAGLIARDI S. GENTILI R. HOLLANDER G. INGLESE S. MARCHETTI G. MAZZOTTA C. MOEVS C. SINI C. VILLA F. ZAMBON, TOMMASO MONTORFANO, and G. Ledda
- Abstract
Nel quadro della prestigiosa iniziativa Esperimenti danteschi, che ha visto coinvolti all'Università Statale di Milano alcuni tra i maggiori dantisti del mondo, viene offerta una lettura estremamente innovativa dei tre canti del Paradiso (III, IV, V) che offrono la presentazione dei principali problemi relativi alla struttura del regno paradisiaco e della sua rappresentazione in poesia nella terza cantica.
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- 2010
18. Pancreatic Stone Protein in the Diagnosis of Sepsis in Children Admitted to High-Dependency Care: A Single-Center Prospective Cohort Study.
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Bottari G, Paionni E, Fegatelli DA, Murciano M, Rosati F, Ferrigno F, Pisani M, Cristaldi S, Musolino A, Borrelli G, Bochicchio C, Romani L, De Luca M, Agosta M, Lancella L, Villani A, Vestri A, Atti MCD, Perno CF, Porzio O, Raponi M, and Cecchetti C
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- Humans, Prospective Studies, Male, Child, Female, Child, Preschool, Infant, Adolescent, Intensive Care Units, Pediatric, ROC Curve, Sensitivity and Specificity, Infant, Newborn, Emergency Service, Hospital, Lithostathine blood, Biomarkers blood, Sepsis diagnosis, Sepsis blood, Procalcitonin blood, C-Reactive Protein analysis
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Objectives: Blood level of pancreatic stone protein (PSP) is a promising biomarker of sepsis both in adults and children. The aim of our study was to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of PSP in children with suspected sepsis and to compare diagnostic performance with other sepsis biomarkers approved for clinical use, that is, procalcitonin (PCT) and C-reactive protein (CRP)., Design: Prospective study., Setting: PICU and pediatric emergency department., Intervention: Blood levels of PSP were measured using a nanofluidic point-of-care immunoassay (abioSCOPE, Abionic SA, Switzerland) within 24 hours of admission., Measurements and Main Results: We studied 99 children aged between older than 1 month and younger than 18 years with signs and symptoms of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (irrespective of associated organ dysfunction). The prevalence of sepsis was 35 of 99 (35.4%). Patients with sepsis had higher PSP levels ( p < 0.001) than patients with systemic inflammation of noninfectious cause. In this analysis, the optimal cutoff for the diagnosis of sepsis using PSP was 123 ng/mL, which resulted in a sensitivity of 0.63 (95% CI, 0.43-0.80), specificity of 0.89 (95% CI, 0.77-0.95). The PSP test area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) was 0.82 (95% CI, 0.73-0.91) and, by comparison, procalcitonin and CRP AUROC were 0.70 (95% CI, 0.58-0.82) and 0.72 (95% CI, 0.60-0.84), respectively. Overall, the pretest to posttest probability of sepsis with a positive test changed from 0.35 to 0.73., Conclusions: In this single-center prospective pediatric cohort, admitted to the high intensive care and to the PICU, our findings suggested the potential use of PSP as a sepsis biomarker. However, because of the clinical diagnostic uncertainty with a positive result, further investigation is needed particularly in combination with other biomarkers., Competing Interests: Dr. Cecchetti received support for article research from the National Institutes of Health; he disclosed government work. The remaining authors have disclosed that they do not have any potential conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2024 by the Society of Critical Care Medicine and the World Federation of Pediatric Intensive and Critical Care Societies.)
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- 2024
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19. Prevention of RSV Bronchiolitis: An Ethical Issue.
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Villani A, Vittucci AC, Antilici L, Pisani M, Scutari R, Di Maio VC, Musolino AMC, Cristaldi S, Cutrera R, and Perno CF
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- Humans, Infant, Bronchiolitis prevention & control, Bronchiolitis virology, Bronchiolitis, Viral prevention & control, Infant, Newborn, Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections prevention & control
- Abstract
Competing Interests: A.C.V. participated at advisory boards and has received consulting fees from Sanofi and Pfizer. A.V. participated at advisory boards sponsored by MSD. The other authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose.
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- 2024
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20. Presence and Significance of Multiple Respiratory Viral Infections in Children Admitted to a Tertiary Pediatric Hospital in Italy.
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Di Maio VC, Scutari R, Forqué L, Colagrossi L, Coltella L, Ranno S, Linardos G, Gentile L, Galeno E, Vittucci AC, Pisani M, Cristaldi S, Villani A, Raponi M, Bernaschi P, Russo C, and Perno CF
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- Humans, Italy epidemiology, Child, Preschool, Child, Infant, Female, Male, Adolescent, Human bocavirus isolation & purification, Human bocavirus genetics, Virus Diseases epidemiology, Virus Diseases virology, Hospitalization, Viruses isolation & purification, Viruses classification, Viruses genetics, Infant, Newborn, Metapneumovirus isolation & purification, Metapneumovirus genetics, Coinfection epidemiology, Coinfection virology, Respiratory Tract Infections virology, Respiratory Tract Infections epidemiology, Tertiary Care Centers statistics & numerical data, COVID-19 epidemiology, COVID-19 virology, SARS-CoV-2 isolation & purification, Hospitals, Pediatric
- Abstract
Viral co-infections are frequently observed among children, but whether specific viral interactions enhance or diminish the severity of respiratory disease is still controversial. This study aimed to investigate the type of viral mono- and co-infections by also evaluating viral correlations in 3525 respiratory samples from 3525 pediatric in/outpatients screened by the Allplex Respiratory Panel Assays and with a Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-COronaVirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) test available. Overall, viral co-infections were detected in 37.8% of patients and were more frequently observed in specimens from children with lower respiratory tract infections compared to those with upper respiratory tract infections (47.1% vs. 36.0%, p = 0.003). SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A were more commonly detected in mono-infections, whereas human bocavirus showed the highest co-infection rate (87.8% in co-infection). After analyzing viral pairings using Spearman's correlation test, it was noted that SARS-CoV-2 was negatively associated with all other respiratory viruses, whereas a markedly significant positive correlation ( p < 0.001) was observed for five viral pairings (involving adenovirus/human bocavirus/human enterovirus/metapneumoviruses/rhinovirus). The correlation between co-infection and clinical outcome may be linked to the type of virus(es) involved in the co-infection rather than simple co-presence. Further studies dedicated to this important point are needed, since it has obvious implications from a diagnostic and clinical point of view.
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- 2024
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21. Atraumatic Limping Child, a Challenge for Pediatricians: An Observational Age-Related Study in a Pediatric Emergency Department.
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Cristaldi S, Boni A, Ferro V, Musolino A, Della Vecchia N, Boccuzzi E, Bellelli E, Biagiarelli FS, Aulisa AG, Cirillo M, Raucci U, and Villani A
- Abstract
Background: Atraumatic limping is a frequent cause of consultation in Pediatric Emergency Departments (PED) and often represents a challenge for pediatricians for its variability in etiology ranging from benign causes to potential crippling conditions. The aims of this research are to illustrate the clinical features of acute limping children (LC) and to identify the possible red flags that could help to make a diagnosis of severe pathologies., Methods: We carried out a retrospective study about non-traumatic limping children referred to the PED of Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital over a 2-year period. We divided the cohort into three groups based on the patient's age: toddlers, children and adolescents. We considered crippling conditions: oncologic etiologies, bone or neurological infections, epiphysiolysis, Perthes disease, Guillain Barrè syndrome and non-accidental injuries., Results: We analyzed 485 patients. At clinical evaluation, 19.5% of the patients presented at least one sign and/or symptom of red flags. Crippling conditions (6.2% of the total population) showed red flags in 36.7%. Transient synovitis of the hip was the most frequent diagnosis. We found crippling conditions in 30 patients, mostly represented by toddlers., Conclusions: Our data suggest that toddlers and patients presenting red flags should be evaluated with particular suspicion because they have an increased risk of underlying severe conditions.
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- 2024
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22. Respiratory syncytial virus: can we still believe that after pandemic bronchiolitis is not a critical issue for public health?
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Vittucci AC, Antilici L, Russo C, Musolino AMC, Cristaldi S, Cutrera R, Persia S, Di Maio CV, Raponi M, Perno CF, and Villani A
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- Infant, Child, Humans, Child, Preschool, Pandemics, Retrospective Studies, Public Health, RNA, Viral, Hospitalization, Seasons, Bronchiolitis epidemiology, Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human, Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections epidemiology, Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections therapy, Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections diagnosis
- Abstract
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of lower respiratory tract infection among infants and young children, resulting in annual epidemics worldwide. Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, non-pharmacological interventions were applied, interfering with the circulation of most respiratory viruses, including RSV. The aim of this study is to analyze the RSV infection trend among hospitalized infants during the actual epidemic season (2022-2023) in comparison with the last pre-pandemic season (2018-2019), in order to outline whether significant differences emerge due to COVID-19 pandemia. We retrospectively reviewed medical data on infants hospitalized at the Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital with diagnosis of bronchiolitis in the current epidemic season and in the last pre-pandemic season, 2018-2019. RSV remains the main etiological agent of bronchiolitis in terms of frequency and severity of infections in the ongoing epidemic season. The first RSV case of the 2022-2023 season was detected at week 42 vs week 47 in the 2018-2019 season. The length of epidemic season was of 17 weeks in 2022-2023 vs 18 weeks in 2018-2019. Comparing the two seasons, age at admission was significantly higher in the current season (median age 2022-2023 65 days vs median age 2018-2019 58 days), but the disease severity was similar. Conclusions: The 2022-2023 bronchiolitis season in Italy started earlier than the usual pre-pandemic seasons but seasonality pattern may be going back to the pre-pandemic one. This season was not more severe than the previous ones. The impact of RSV disease on health care systems and costs remains a critical issue. What is Known: • RSV is one of the major leading causes of hospitalization among children aged less than 3 months. SarsCOV2 pandemic interfered with the seasonal circulation of most respiratory viruses, Including RSV. What is New: • The 2022-2023 bronchiolitis season in Italy started and peaked earlier than the usual pre-pandemic seasons but seasonality pattern may be realigning to the pre-pandemic one. The impact of RSV disease on health care systems and costs is concerning., (© 2023. The Author(s).)
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- 2023
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23. Acute Pupillary Disorders in Children: A 10-Year Retrospective Study of 101 Patients.
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Garone G, Roversi M, Pisani M, La Penna F, Musolino A, Cristaldi S, Musolino AM, Roberto A, Petrocelli G, Reale A, Midulla F, Villani A, and Raucci U
- Abstract
Background: To date, no study has specifically examined children with acute-onset pupillary motility disorders (APMD). Especially in the Emergency Department (ED), it is crucial to distinguish benign and transient conditions from life-threatening or urgent conditions (UCs). The aim of the study is to describe the clinical characteristics of children with APMD and their association with an increased risk of UCs., Methods: We conducted a pediatric retrospective study of APMD referred to ED over a 10-year period. We described the characteristics in the overall sample and in two subgroups divided according to urgency of the underlying condition. Furthermore, we applied a logistic regression model to identify the variables predictive of LT condition., Results: We analyzed 101 patients. In 59.4%, the APMD was isolated. In patients with extra-ocular involvement, the most frequently associated features were altered consciousness, headache, and vomiting. Exposure to toxic agents was reported in 48.5%. Urgent conditions occurred significantly more frequently in older children, presenting bilateral APMD and/or other ocular or extra-ocular manifestations., Conclusions: Our study shows that UCs most commonly occur in patients presenting with bilateral APMD and other associated features. In unilateral/isolated APMD ophthalmological examination, exclusion of toxic exposure and observation until resolution of symptoms should be recommended.
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- 2023
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24. Influenza viruses circulation in a tertiary care children hospital in Rome: a comparison between 2022 and the previous 5 years.
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Ranno S, Coltella L, Linardos G, Di Maio VC, Colagrossi L, Gentile L, Galeno E, Ciofi Degli Atti ML, Cristaldi S, Villani A, Raponi M, Perno CF, and Russo C
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- Humans, Child, Child, Preschool, Retrospective Studies, Rome epidemiology, Tertiary Healthcare, SARS-CoV-2, Hospitals, Pediatric, Influenza, Human epidemiology, COVID-19, Orthomyxoviridae
- Abstract
Background: Influenza surveillance aims to determine onset, duration and intensity of the seasonal Influence-like Illness (ILI); data collection begins in the week 42 of a year and ends in the week 17 of the following year. In this observational study, we report the experience of a tertiary care children hospital in Rome about Influenza viruses circulation during the calendar year 2022 (January-December) in comparison with the previous five years (2017-2021), with a special focus on the weeks 18-41, usually not under surveillance., Methods: This retrospective study involved 36782 respiratory samples referred to 21354 patients (pts), median age 2.63 years, admitted with respiratory symptoms at Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital in the years 2017-2022. Respiratory viruses were detected by molecular Allplex™ Respiratory Panel Assays (Seegene, Korea)., Results: Regarding the pre pandemic years, 2017-2019, distribution of Flu positive patients focused in the first weeks of the year (weeks 1-17). During the pandemic period, Flu was not detected. In 2022, 239 Flu viruses were identified: 37 FluA (weeks 1-17), 29 FluA (weeks 18-41) and 168 FluA and 5 FluB (weeks 42-52). For the year 2022, during the non-epidemic period, the number of Flu viruses detected corresponded to 12.1% of total Flu detected, respect to 0-1.7% for the previous five years (p < 0.001)., Conclusions: When compared with pre SARS-CoV-2 pandemic years, our data show a significant increase in Influenza cases during weeks 18-41/2022 and reveal an unexpected summer circulation of these viruses: just weeks 26-30 showed to be influenza virus free. A national year-round Flu surveillance could be useful to understand if changing in influenza epidemiology is transitional or likely to persist in the following years., (© 2023. Società Italiana di Pediatria.)
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- 2023
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25. Has Anything Changed in the Frequency of Emergency Department Visits and the Profile of the Adolescent Seeking Emergency Mental Care during the COVID-19 Pandemic?
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Ferro V, Averna R, Murciano M, Raucci U, Cristaldi S, Musolino AMC, Pontillo M, Della Vecchia N, Labonia M, Pisani M, Pucciarini ML, Nacca R, Reale A, Vicari S, Villani A, and Raponi M
- Abstract
We described changes caused by the COVID-19 pandemic in the frequency of Emergency Department (ED) visits for mental health disorders (MHDs) in adolescents on a wider temporal range-that is, not just "the waves" of the pandemic-and characterized the profile of the adolescent seeking emergency psychiatric care. We conducted a retrospective longitudinal study by analyzing ED visits for MHDs from 10 March 2019 to 10 March 2021. A total of 1407 ED visits for MHDs were registered: 702 in the pre-COVID-19 and 707 in the COVID-19 period. The cumulative incidence of ED visits for MHDs was 1.22% in the pre-COVID-19 period and 1.77% in the COVID-19 period, with a statistically significant difference ( p < 0.001). The principal characteristics of the adolescent with MHDs during the pandemic period: the odds of comorbidities decreased by 26% ( p = 0.02), and the odds of transfer from other hospitals decreased by 71% ( p < 0.001), while the odds of the ED presentation as first psychiatric episode were twice greater ( p < 0.001). The risk of hospitalization increased by 54% ( p = 0.001). Regarding psychopathology, the likelihood of attempted suicide increased by 74% during the pandemic ( p = 0.02). The rate of mood and eating disorders grew significantly during the COVID-19 pandemic period ( p = 0.005 and p = 0.031, respectively). Monitoring ED visits for MHDs and understanding changes in the profile of adolescents presenting to ED helps to reinforce the role of ED in identifying special clinical needs for these vulnerable patients in case of a future public health crisis.
- Published
- 2023
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26. Children at risk of domestic accidents when are locked up at home: the other side of COVID-19 outbreak lockdown.
- Author
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Ferro V, Nacca R, Pisani M, Cristaldi S, Faa MF, Supino MC, Raucci U, Reale A, Atti MCD, Raponi M, Villani A, and Musolino AM
- Subjects
- Accidents, Communicable Disease Control, Cross-Sectional Studies, Disease Outbreaks, Emergency Service, Hospital, Humans, Retrospective Studies, COVID-19 epidemiology
- Abstract
Background: We proposed to analyze thoroughly the impact of the COVID-19 lockdown (CL) in changes of profiles and in trend of the domestic accidents (DAs) in children., Methods: This was a single experience, cross-sectional study conducted at the emergency department (ED) of III trauma center. We enrolled children under 18 years admitted to ED with a diagnosis of DAs comparing the CL period from 10
th March 2020 to 4th May 2020 with the same period of the previous year,10th March 2019 to 4th May 2019., Results: In CL period, the cumulative incidence of ED visits for DAs increased from 86.88 to 272.13 per 1,000 children and the cumulative incidence of hospitalizations for DAs increased from 409.72 to 534.48 per 1,000 children. We reported in CL a decrease in the severity of ED presentation assessed by proxy measures: the level of priority ED visits reduced by 67% in CL period (OR: 0.33; 95%CI 0.22-0.48; p < 0.001); the likelihood of delayed time of presentation to ED increased by 65% in case of domestic injuries occurring in CL period (OR: 1.65; 95% CI: 1.17-2.34; p = 0.004); the odds of transfer from other hospital decreased by 78% in CL (OR: 0.15-0.33; p < 0.001). Children were more at risk of poisoning (OR:3.35-106.11; p = 0.001), of body foreign ingestion (OR: 1.83-14.39; p = 0.002) and less at risk of animal bite trauma (OR:0.05-0.35; p < 0.001)., Conclusion: Although the need to stay home has made a decisive breakthrough on the spread of COVID-19, the experience from this study underlines how this preventive measure has also had a downside in term of increased cumulative incidence of ED visits and of hospitalizations for DA., (© 2022. The Author(s).)- Published
- 2022
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27. Very Early Development and Recognition of Coronary Involvement in a Febrile Infant with Typical Signs of Kawasaki Disease.
- Author
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Buonsenso D, Cristaldi S, Reale A, de Jacobis IT, Granata L, and Marchesi A
- Abstract
Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute, self-limited, inflammatory disease affecting medium-sized arteries and particularly the coronary arteries in about 25% of untreated cases. KD is a clinical diagnosis based on the presence of ≥5 days of fever and the presence of ≥4 of the 5 principal clinical criteria. We described, for the first time to our knowledge, a case of a very early development (on day 1) of typical KD with transient coronary involvement, diagnosed on day 2 of disease and treated with aspirin and steroids on day 3, with complete resolution of clinical signs and coronary involvement., Competing Interests: Competing interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
- Published
- 2018
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28. Competence assessment of pre-elementary school teachers before and after a pediatric basic life support course for lay rescuers.
- Author
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Lubrano R, Villani A, Cecchetti C, Veronelli P, Turbacci M, Bonci M, Cristaldi S, Urbino A, Nofroni I, and Elli M
- Subjects
- Adult, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Professional Competence, Young Adult, Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation education, Faculty, Life Support Care
- Published
- 2014
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29. Relationship between global end-diastolic volume and cardiac output in critically ill infants and children.
- Author
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Cecchetti C, Lubrano R, Cristaldi S, Stoppa F, Barbieri MA, Elli M, Masciangelo R, Perrotta D, Travasso E, Raggi C, Marano M, and Pirozzi N
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Infant, Male, Prospective Studies, Cardiac Output, Critical Illness, Stroke Volume
- Abstract
Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate possible correlations between the preload index global end-diastolic volume (GEDV) and the indexes of cardiac function, cardiac index, and stroke volume index in critically ill pediatric patients. The aim was to evaluate whether GEDV may help in the decision-making process concerning volume loading., Design: Prospective clinical study., Setting: Pediatric intensive care unit of the Bambino Gesù Children's Research Hospital., Patients: Seventy patients, 40 male and 30 female, mean age 62 +/- 41 months (range 5-156 months), divided into six groups: group A, hemorrhagic shock, ten cases; group B, head injury, 21 cases; group C, septic shock, ten cases; group D, encephalitis, ten cases; group E, respiratory failure, nine cases; group F, cardiogenic shock, ten cases., Interventions: All patients received volumetric hemodynamic monitoring following initial resuscitation and every 4 hrs thereafter or whenever a hemodynamic deterioration was suspected. During the cumulative in-hospital stay, a total 1,184 sets of measurements were done., Measurements and Main Results: Findings are consistent with a statistically significant linear correlation of GEDV with cardiac index and stroke volume index in hemorrhagic shock (group A) (R2 = .647, p < .0001; R2 = .738, p < .0001) and cardiogenic shock (group F) (R2 = .645, p < .0001; R2 = .841, p < .0001)., Conclusions: GEDV may potentially be a useful guide to treatment in preload-dependent conditions, such as hemorrhagic and cardiogenic shock. In the other groups where there is little relationship between preload and cardiac function indexes, the influence of non-preload-dependent mechanisms on cardiac output is certainly more significant.
- Published
- 2008
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30. How to become an under 11 rescuer: a practical method to teach first aid to primary schoolchildren.
- Author
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Lubrano R, Romero S, Scoppi P, Cocchi G, Baroncini S, Elli M, Turbacci M, Scateni S, Travasso E, Benedetti R, Cristaldi S, and Moscatelli R
- Subjects
- Child, Curriculum, Humans, Italy, Schools, First Aid, Health Education methods, Life Support Care
- Abstract
It has been calculated that, on average, 20% of the population should be trained to provide first aid, if a significant reduction of mortality is to be achieved. However, wide dissemination of the principles of emergency care poses a series of difficulties. As a partial solution, we have designed a first aid training course for children aged 8-11 years in their last three courses at primary school. According to the Italian school system, classes in primary school are indicated as I through V, from start to ending. The course addresses three issues: the broken tooth, nose bleeding and paediatric basic life support (PBLS). The course is divided into 17 didactic modules: each module contains a theoretical lecture, a practical demonstration by the trainer and a session for the trainees to practice under supervision. The aim of the study was to evaluate the benefit of teaching emergency procedures including practical sessions for pupils in primary schools. Four hundred and sixty-nine children were enrolled: the evaluation consisted of a 13 question multiple-choice written test taken at the end of the theoretical session and a semi-structured test at one month. Two hundred and seventy-one children attended to the theoretical lesson only, without going through the practical session (Group A), while the remaining 189 children completed the practical training (Group B). The outcome of the evaluation demonstrates that older children (in their V school class) score better than those in their IV and III class (p < 0.001). However, when comparing Group A and Group B in each class, the children that had also been exposed to the practical training (Group B) scored significantly better (V(B) versus V(A) p < 0.001; IV(B) versus IV(A) p < 0.001; III(B) versus III(A) p < 0.01). In conclusion, this proposed method of teaching emergency first aid could be successful in training primary school children. The permanent integration of the subject into the core curriculum of primary schools, and extended to higher school levels, could help in disseminating the culture of emergency care in the general population.
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- 2005
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31. Kidney transplantation in a girl with methylmalonic acidemia and end stage renal failure.
- Author
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Lubrano R, Scoppi P, Barsotti P, Travasso E, Scateni S, Cristaldi S, and Castello MA
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Kidney pathology, Kidney Failure, Chronic pathology, Treatment Outcome, Kidney Failure, Chronic complications, Kidney Failure, Chronic surgery, Kidney Transplantation, Methylmalonic Acid blood
- Abstract
Methylmalonic acidemia (MMA) is an inborn error of organic acid metabolism that occurs in infancy with hypotonia, vomiting, dehydration, lethargy and failure to thrive and is biochemically characterized by metabolic ketoacidosis, hyperammonemia and sometimes hyperglycinemia. It results from deficiency of methylmalonyl-CoA mutase activity due to a defect in the mutase apoenzyme or to deficient function of one of the enzymes required for metabolism of its cofactor vitamin B12. Tubulointerstitial nephritis with progressive impairment of renal function is one of the most frequent long-term complications. We describe a case of a 17-year-old girl with methylmalonic acidemia unresponsive to vitamin B12 therapy. The clinical symptoms appeared at 4 months of life. She progressed into end stage renal disease and in January 1996 she started on hemodialytic treatment. In November 1996 we performed a kidney transplant. At present, urinary excretion of methylmalonic acid is normal and the renal function of the transplanted kidney is normal without any rejection episodes. We think that a kidney transplant could be a good therapeutic choice for the metabolic alterations in MMA with end stage renal disease. Indeed it would seem that the small methylmalonyl-CoA mutase activity present in the transplanted kidney could be sufficient to ensure normal metabolism of organic acids. Otherwise, the therapeutic goal can be achieved with a protein-restricted diet.
- Published
- 2001
- Full Text
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