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1. An aldehyde as a rapid source of secondary aerosol precursors: theoretical and experimental study of hexanal autoxidation

Author

S. Barua, S. Iyer, A. Kumar, P. Seal, and M. Rissanen

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999, Chemistry, QD1-999
Abstract

Aldehydes are common constituents of natural and polluted atmospheres, and their gas-phase oxidation has recently been reported to yield highly oxygenated organic molecules (HOMs) that are key players in the formation of atmospheric aerosol. However, insights into the molecular-level mechanism of this oxidation reaction have been scarce. While OH initiated oxidation of small aldehydes, with two to five carbon atoms, under high-NOx conditions generally leads to fragmentation products, longer-chain aldehydes involving an initial non-aldehydic hydrogen abstraction can be a path to molecular functionalization and growth. In this work, we conduct a joint theoretical–experimental analysis of the autoxidation chain reaction of a common aldehyde, hexanal. We computationally study the initial steps of OH oxidation at the RHF-RCCSD(T)-F12a/VDZ-F12//ωB97X-D/aug-cc-pVTZ level and show that both aldehydic (on C1) and non-aldehydic (on C4) H-abstraction channels contribute to HOMs via autoxidation. The oxidation products predominantly form through the H abstraction from C1 and C4, followed by fast unimolecular 1,6 H-shifts with rate coefficients of 1.7×10-1 and 8.6×10-1 s−1, respectively. Experimental flow reactor measurements at variable reaction times show that hexanal oxidation products including HOM monomers up to C6H11O7 and accretion products C12H22O9−10 form within 3 s reaction time. Kinetic modeling simulations including atmospherically relevant precursor concentrations agree with the experimental results and the expected timescales. Finally, we estimate the hexanal HOM yields up to seven O atoms with mechanistic details through both C1 and C4 channels.

Published
2023
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2. Assessing the effectiveness and observing fidelity of a psychosocial support program for Rohingya refugee mothers and their children in Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh

Author

K. Le Roch, A. J. Nguyen, K. S. Rahaman, M. Lasater, S. Barua, C. Lee, M. Schojan, L. Clouin, and S. M. Murray

Subjects
Psychiatry, RC435-571
Abstract

Introduction Despite the well-recognized risk poor maternal mental health poses to early child development, it is still rarely addressed in global health programming, especially in humanitarian settings where access to health and mental health infrastructures may be limited. Recognizing the critical role of maternal psychosocial wellness in addressing the health and development of children in conflict, Action contre La Faim/Action Against Hunger (ACF) developed the Baby Friendly Spaces (BFS) program. BFS is a holistic, evidenced-based psychosocial support program that aims to enhance mothers’ wellbeing, internal resources, and child caring skills in order to create a buffer against the deleterious health and developmental impacts of conflict on children. Objectives In Bangladesh, we sought to evaluate the effectiveness of a psychosocial support program for Rohingya refugee mothers and their malnourished children under two years old living in Cox’s Bazar’s camps. Methods For this study, we used a matched pair randomization, where ten BFS program sites were allocated to either continue providing services “as usual” or to an “enhanced BFS program” after re-training and providing continuous supportive supervision of the BFS staff throughout the trial period. 600 mothers and their children were enrolled in the study and attended psychosocial stimulation activities related to child care practices and care for women. Data were collected at baseline and 8-week follow-up. Primary outcomes included maternal distress and wellbeing, functioning, and coping. For implementation purpose, a survey was administered on confidence at work for all BFS staff and a fidelity observation assessment was conducted. Results Relative to “as usual” sites, mothers in enhanced implementation sites reported greater reductions in distress (B=-.30) and improvement in wellbeing (B=.58). These differences were small, but marginally significant (p=.058; p=.038) with standard estimation; There was no significant difference between the two groups for daily functioning and coping. BFS providers in “enhanced BFS program” reported higher confidence in service delivery than their colleagues (p=.01). Fidelity varied widely across different components, with some very high and some very low adherence. There tended to be better adherence to procedures in group versus individual sessions and for some specific activities across domains, for enhanced versus standard BFS. Conclusions Findings highlight the value of innovative study approaches for real-world evidence generation. Small but feasible adjustments to implementation can both improve program delivery for maximizing impact. Consequently, low-intensity psychosocial support activities holds potential for reducing distress and improving subjective well-being of conflict affected mothers. Disclosure of Interest None Declared

Published
2023
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3. Using multiple methods to investigate the effects of land-use changes on groundwater recharge in a semi-arid area

Author

S. Barua, I. Cartwright, P. E. Dresel, and E. Daly

Subjects
Technology, Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering, TD1-1066, Geography. Anthropology. Recreation, Environmental sciences, GE1-350
Abstract

Understanding the applicability and uncertainties of methods for documenting recharge rates in semi-arid areas is important for assessing the successive effects of land-use changes and understanding groundwater systems. This study focuses on estimating groundwater recharge rates and understanding the impacts of land-use changes on recharge rates in a semi-arid area in southeast Australia. Two adjacent catchments were cleared ∼180 years ago following European settlement, and a eucalypt plantation forest was subsequently established ∼15 years ago in one of the catchments. Chloride mass balance analysis yields recharge rates of 0.2 to 61.6 mm yr−1 (typically up to 11.2 mm yr−1). The lower of these values probably represents recharge rates prior to land clearing, whereas the higher likely reflects recharge rates following the initial land clearing. The low pre-land-clearing recharge rates are consistent with the presence of old groundwater (residence times up to 24 700 years) and the moderate-to-low hydraulic conductivities (0.31 to 0.002 m d−1) of the aquifers. Recharge rates estimated from tritium activities and water table fluctuations reflect those following the initial land clearing. Recharge rates estimated using water table fluctuations (15 to 500 mm yr−1) are significantly higher than those estimated using tritium renewal rates (0.01 to 89 mm yr−1; typically mm yr−1) and approach the long-term average annual rainfall (∼640 mm yr−1). These recharge rates are unrealistic given the estimated evapotranspiration rates of 500 to 600 mm yr−1 and the preservation of old groundwater in the catchments. It is likely that uncertainties in the specific yield results in the water table fluctuation method significantly overestimating recharge rates, and despite the land-use changes, the present-day recharge rates are relatively modest. These results are ultimately important for assessing the impacts of land-use changes and management of groundwater resources in semi-arid regions in Australia and elsewhere.

Published
2021
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5. Normalization of Testosterone Levels After Testosterone Replacement Therapy Is Not Associated With Reduced Myocardial Infarction in Smokers

Author

Olurinde A. Oni, MBBS, MPH, Rishi Sharma, MD, MHSA, Guoqing Chen, MD, PhD, MPH, Mukut Sharma, PhD, Kamal Gupta, MD, Buddhadeb Dawn, MD, Ram Sharma, PhD, Deepak Parashara, MD, Virginia J. Savin, MD, George Cherian, MD, John A. Ambrose, MD, and Rajat S. Barua, MD, PhD

Subjects
Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Objective: To examine the effect of cigarette smoking (CS) status and total testosterone (TT) levels after testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) on all-cause mortality, myocardial infarction (MI), and stroke in male smokers and nonsmokers without history of MI and stroke. Participants and Methods: Data from 18,055 males with known CS status and low TT levels who received TRT at the Veterans Health Administration between December 1, 1999, and May 31, 2014, were grouped into (1) current smokers with normalized TT, (2) current smokers with nonnormalized TT, (3) nonsmokers with normalized TT, and (4) nonsmokers with nonnormalized TT. Combined effect of CS status and TT level normalization after TRT on all-cause mortality, MI, and stroke was compared using propensity score–weighted Cox proportional hazard models. Results: Normalization of serum TT levels in nonsmokers was associated with a significant decrease in all-cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR]=0.526; 95% CI, 0.477-0.581; P

Published
2017
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6. Media reporting on conflicts and cooperation: what does it mean for the Brahmaputra basin?

Author

Deka, A. Hazarika, N. Vij, S. Barua, A. Fantini, E. and Deka, A. Hazarika, N. Vij, S. Barua, A. Fantini, E.

Abstract

This article analyses the media reporting on conflicts and cooperation in the Brahmaputra River basin. We used 2437 newspaper articles published between 2010 and 2020 from the four riparians (China, India, Bhutan and Bangladesh) to explain the science–media interlinkages and what print media reports on conflicts and cooperation. We have found that most articles focus on conflicts, especially relating to hydropower development, data and information asymmetry, and disaster governance. There is limited media reporting on the avenues of cooperation such as informal water diplomacy, collaborative research opportunities, and the community and the culture that brings the riparians together.

Published
2023
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10. Initial Invasive or Conservative Strategy for Stable Coronary Disease

Author

Maron D. J., Hochman J. S., Reynolds H. R., Bangalore S., O'Brien S. M., Boden W. E., Chaitman B. R., Senior R., Lopez-Sendon J., Alexander K. P., Lopes R. D., Shaw L. J., Berger J. S., Newman J. D., Sidhu M. S., Goodman S. G., Ruzyllo W., Gosselin G., Maggioni A. P., White H. D., Bhargava B., Min J. K., John Mancini G. B., Berman D. S., Picard M. H., Kwong R. Y., Ali Z. A., Mark D. B., Spertus J. A., Krishnan M. N., Elghamaz A., Moorthy N., Hueb W. A., Demkow M., Mavromatis K., Bockeria O., Peteiro J., Miller T. D., Szwed H., Doerr R., Keltai M., Selvanayagam J. B., Gabriel Steg P., Held C., Kohsaka S., Mavromichalis S., Kirby R., Jeffries N. O., Harrell F. E., Rockhold F. W., Broderick S., Bruce Ferguson T., Williams D. O., Harrington R. A., Stone G. W., Rosenberg Y, ISCHEMIA Research Group: Joseph Ricci, A Tello Montoliu, A I Robero Aniorte, Abbey Mulder, Abhay A Laddu, Abhinav Goyal, Abhishek Dubey, Abhishek Goyal, Abigail Knighton, Abraham Oomman, Adam J Jaskowiak, Adam Kolodziej, Adam Witkowski, Adnan Hameed, Adriana Anesini, Afshan Hussain, Agne Juceviciene, Agne Urboniene, Agnes Jakal, Agnieszka Szramowska, Ahmad Khairuddin, Ahmed Abdel-Latif, Ahmed Adel, Ahmed Aljzeeri, Ahmed Kamal, Ahmed Talaat, Aimee Mann, Aira Contreras, Ajit Kumar, V K Kumar, Akemi Furukawa, Akshay Bagai, Akvile Smigelskaite, Alain Furber, Alain Rheault, Alaine Melanie Loehr, Alan Rosen, Albert Varga, Albertina Qelaj, Alberto Barioli, Aldo Russo, Alec Moorman, Alejandro Gisbert, Aleksandra Fratczak, Aleksandras Laucevicius, Alena Kuleshova, Alessandro Sionis, Alexander A Sirker, Alexander M Chernyavskiy, Alexandra Craft, Alexandra Vazquez, Alexandre Ciappina Hueb, Alexandre S Colafranseschi, Alexandre Schaan de Quadros, Alexandre Tognon, Ali Alghamdi, Alice Manica Muller, Aline Nogueira Rabaça, Aline Peixoto Deiro, Alison Hallam, Allegra Stone, Allison Schley, Almudena Castro, Alvaro Rabelo Ales, Amanda Germann, Amanda O'Malley, Amar Uxa, Amarachi Ojajuni, Amarino C Oliveira Jr, Amber B Hull, Ambuj Roy, Amer Zarka, Amir Janmohamed, Ammani Brown, Ammy Malinay, Amparo Martinez Monzonis, Amy J Richards, Amy Iskandrian, Amy Ollinger, Ana D Djordjevic-Dikic, Ana Fernández Martínez, Ana Gomes Almeida, Ana Paula Batista, Ana Rita Francisco, Ana S Mladenovic, Ana Santana, Anam Siddiqui, Anastasia M Kuzmina-Krutetskaya, Andras Vertes, Andre S Sousa, Andre Gabriel, André Schmidt, Andrea M Lundeen, Andrea Bartykowszki, Andrea Lorimer, Andrea Mortara, Andrea Pascual, Andreia Coelho, Andreia Rocha, Andrés García-Rincón, Andrew G Howarth, Andrew J Moriarty, Andrew Docherty, Andrew Starovoytov, Andrew Zurick, Andrzej Łabyk, Andrzej Swiatkowski, Andy Lam, Anelise Kawakami, Angela Hoye, Angela Kim, Angelique Smit, Angelo Nobre, Anil V Shah, Anja Ljubez, Anjali Anand, Ankush Sachdeva, Ann Greenberg, Ann Luyten, Ann Ostrander, Anna Di Donato, Anna Cichocka-Radwan, Anna Fojt, Anna Plachcinska, Anna Proietti, Anna Teresinska, Anne Marie Webb, Anne Cartwright, Anne Heath, Anne Mackin, Anong Amaritakomol, Anong Chaiyasri, Anoop Chauhan, Anoop Mathew, Anthony Gemignani, Anto Luigi Andres, Antonia Vega, Antonietta Hansen, Antonino Ginel Iglesias, Antonio Carlos Carvalho, Antonio Di Chiara, Antonio Serra Peñaranda, Antonio Carvalho, Antonio Colombo, Antonio Fiarresga, Anupama Rao, Aquiles Valdespino-Estrada, Araceli Boan, Areef Ishani, Ariel Diaz, Arijit Ghosh, Arintaya Prommintikul, Arline Roberts, Arnold H Seto, Arnold P Good, Arshed Quyyumi, Arthur J Labovitz, Arthur Kerner, Arturo S Campos-Santaolalla, Arunima Misra, Ashok Mukherjee, Ashok Seth, Ashraf Seedhom, Asim N Cheema, Asker Ahmed, Atul Mathur, Atul Verma, Audrey W Leong, Axel Åkerblom, Axelle Fuentes, Aynun Naher, Badhma Valaiyapathi, Baljeet Kaur, Bandula Guruge, Barbara Brzezińska, Barbara Nardi, Bartosz Czarniak, Bebek Singh, Begoña Igual, Bela Merkely, Belen Cid Alvarez, Benjamin J Spooner, Benjamin J W Chow, Benjamin Cheong, Benoy N Shah, Bernard de Bruyne, Bernardas Valecka, Bernhard Jäger, Beth A Archer, Beth Abramson, Beth Jorgenson, Bethany Harvey, Betsy O'Neal, Bev Atkinson, Bev Bozek, Bevin Lang, Bijulal Sasidharan, Bin Yang, Bin Zhang, Binoy Mannekkattukudy Kurian, Bjoern Goebel, Bob Hu, Bogdan A Popescu, Bogdan Crnokrak, Bolin Zhu, Bonnie J Kirby, Brandi D Zimbelman, Brandy Starks, Branko D Beleslin, Brenda Hart, Brian P Shapiro, Brian McCandless, Brianna Wisniewski, Brigham R Smith, Brooks Mirrer, Bruce McManus, Bruce Rutkin, Bruna Edilena Paulino, Bruna Maria Ascoli, Bryn Smith, Byron J Allen, C Michael Gibson, C Noel Bairey Merz, Calin Pop, Cameron Hague, Camila Thais de Ormundo, Candace Gopaul, Candice P Edillo, Carísi A Polanczyk, Carita Krannila, Carla Vicente, Carl-Éric Gagné, Carlo Briguori, Carlos Peña Gil, Carlos Alvarez, Carly Ohmart, Carmen C Beladan, Carmen Ginghina, Carol M Kartje, Caroline Alsweiler, Caroline Brown, Caroline Callison, Caroline Pinheiro, Caroline Rodgers, Caroline Spindler, Carolyn Corbett, Carrie Drum, Casey Riedberger, Catherine Bone, Catherine Fleming, Catherine Gordon, Catherine Jahrsdorfer, Catherine Lemay, Catherine Weick, Cathrine Patten, Cecilia Goletto, Cezary Kepka, Chandini Suvarna, Chang Xu, Chantale Mercure, Charle A Viljoen, Charlene Wiyarand, Charles Jia-Yin Hou, Charles Y Lui, Charles Cannan, Charles Cornet, Charlotte Pirro, Chataroon Rimsukcharoenchai, Chen Wang, Cheng-Ting Tsai, Chen-Yen Chien, Cheryl A Allardyce, Chester M Hedgepeth, Chetan Patel, Chiara Attanasio, Chih-Hsuan Yen, Chi-Ming Chow, Ching Min Er, Ching-Ching Ong, Cholenahally Nanjappa Manjunath, Chris Beck, Chris Buller, Christel Vassaliere, Christian Hamm, Christiano Caldeira, Christie Ballantyne, Christina Björklund, Christine R Hinton, Christine Bergeron, Christine Masson, Christine Roraff, Christine Shelley, Christophe Laure, Christophe Thuaire, Christopher Kinsey, Christopher McFarren, Christopher Spizzieri, Christopher Travill, Chun-Chieh Liu, Chung-Lieh Hung, Chunguang Li, Chun-Ho Yun, Chunli Xia, Ciarra Heard, Cidney Schultz, Clare Venn-Edmonds, Claudia P Hochberg, Claudia Wegmayr, Claudia Cortés, Claudia Escobar, Cláudia Freixo, Claudio T Mesquita, Clemens T Kadalie, Colin Berry, Constance Philander, Corine Thobois, Costantino Costantini, Courtney Page, Craig Atkinson, Craig Barr, Craig Paterson, Cristina Bare, Cynthia Baumann, Cynthia Burman, Dalisa Espinosa, Damien Collison, Dan Deleanu, Dan Elian, Dan Gao, Dana Oliver, Daniel P Vezina, Daniel O'Rourke, Daniele Komar, Danielle Schade, Darrel P Francis, Dastan Malaev, David A Bull, David E Winchester, David P Faxon, David Booth, David Cohen, David DeMets, David Foo, David Schlichting, David Taggart, David Waters, David Wohns, Davis Vo, Dawid Teodorczyk, Dawn Shelstad, Dawn Turnbull, Dayuan Li, Dean Kereiakes, Deborah O'Neill, Deborah Yip, Debra K Johnson, Debra Dees, Deepak L Bhatt, Deepika Gopal, Deepti Kumar, Deirdre Mattina, Deirdre Murphy, Delano R Small, Delsa K Rose, Dengke Jiang, Denis Carl Phaneuf, Denise Braganza, Denise Fine, Derek Cyr, Desiree Tobin, Diana Cukali, Diana Parra, Diane Camara, Diane Minshall Liu, Diego Adrián Vences, Diego Franca de Cunha, Dimitrios Stournaras, Dipti Patel, Dongze Li, Donna Exley, Dorit Grahl, Dragana Stanojevic, Duarte Cacela, Dwayne S G Conway, E Pinar Bermudez, Eapen Punnoose, Edgar L Tay, Edgar Karanjah, Edoardo Verna, Eduardo Hernandez-Rangel, Edward D Nicol, Edward O McFalls, Edward T Martin, Edyta Kaczmarska, Ekaterina I Lubinskaya, Elena A Demchenko, Elena Refoyo Salicio, Eli Feen, Elihú Durán-Cortés, Elisabeth M Janzen, Elise L Hannemann, Elise van Dongen, Elissa Restelli Piloto, Eliza Kaplan, Elizabeta Srbinovska Kostovska, Elizabeth Capasso-Gulve, Elizabeth Congdon, Elizabeth Ferguson, Elizaveta V Zbyshevskaya, Ellen Magedanz, Ellie Fridell, Ellis W Lader, Elvin Kedhi, Emanuela Racca, Emilie Tachot, Emily DeRosa, Encarnación Alonso-Álvarez, Eric Nicollet, Eric Peterson, Erick Alexánderson Rosas, Erick Donato Morales, Erin Orvis, Ermina Moga, Estelle Montpetit, Estevao Figueiredo, Eugene Passamani, Eugenia Nikolsky, Eunice Yeoh, Evgeniy I Kretov, Ewa Szczerba, Ewelina Wojtala, Expedito Eustáquio Ribeiro Silva, F Marin Ortuño, Fabio R Farias, Fabio Fimiani, Fabrizio Rolfo, Fa-Chang Yu, Fadi Hage, Fadi Matar, Fahim Haider Jafary, Fang Feng, Fang Liu, Fatima Ranjbaran, Fatima Rodriguez, Fausto J Pinto, Fauzia Rashid, Federica Ramani, Fei Wang, Fernanda Igansi, Filipa Silva, Filippo Ottani, Fiona Haines, Firas Al Solaiman, Flávia Egydio, Flavio Lyra, Florian Egger, Fran Farquharson, Frances Laube, Francesc Carreras Costa, Francesca de Micco, Francesca Bianchini, Francesca Pezzetta, Francesca Pietrucci, Francesco Orso, Francesco Pisano, Francis Burt, Francisca Patuleia Figueiras, Francisco Fernandez-Aviles, Francois Pierre Mongeon, Frans Van de Werf, Franziska Guenther, Fraser N Witherow, Fred Mohr, Frederico Dall'Orto, Fumiyuki Otsuka, G De La Morena, G Karthikeyan, Gabor Dekany, Gabor Kerecsen, Gabriel Galeote, Gabriel Grossmann, Gabriel Vorobiof, Gabriela Sanchez de Souza, Gabriela Guzman, Gabriela Zeballos, Gabriele Gabrielli, Gabriele Jakl-Kotauschek, Gail A Shammas, Gail Brandt, Gang Chen, Gary E Lane, Gary J Luckasen, Gautam Sharma, Gelmina Mikolaitiene, Gennie Yee, Georg Nickenig, George E Revtyak, George J Juang, Gerald Fletcher, Gerald Leonard, Gerard Patrick Devlin, Gerard Esposito, Gergely Ágoston, Gervasio Lamas, Geza Fontos, Ghada Mikhail, Gia Cobb, Gian Piero Perna, Gianpiero Leone, Giles Roditi, Gilles Barone-Rochette, Girish Mishra, Giuseppe Tarantini, Glenda Wong, Glenn S Hamroff, Glenn Rayos, Gong Cheng, Gonzalo Barge-Caballero, Goran Davidović, Goran Stankovic, Gordana Stevanovic, Grace Jingyan Wang, Grace M Young, Graceanne Wayser, Graciela Scaro, Graham S Hillis, Graham Wong, Grazyna Anna Szulczyk, Gregor Simonis, Gregory Kumkumian, Gretchen Ann Peichel, Grzegorz Gajos, Gudrun Steinmaurer, Guilherme G Rucatti, Guilherme Portugal, Guilhermina Cantinho Lopes, Guillem Pons Lladó, Gunnar Frostfelt, Gurpreet S Wander, Gurpreet Gulati, Gustavo Pucci, Hafidz Abd Hadi, Haibo Zhang, Haitao Wang, Halina Marciniak, Han Chen, Hanan Kerr, Hani Najm, Hanna Douglas, Hannah Phillips, Hao Dai, Haojian Dong, Haqeel Jamil, Harikrishnan Sivadasanpillai, Harry Suryapranata, Hassan Reda, Hayley Pomeroy, Heather Barrentine, Heather Golden, Heather Hurlburt, Heidi Wilson, Helen C Tucker, Helene Abergel, Hemalata Siddaram, Hermine Osseni, Herwig Schuchlenz, Hesong Zeng, Hicham Skali, Hilda Solomon, Hollie Horton, Holly Hetrick, Holly Little, Holly Park, Hongjie Chi, Hossam Mahrous, Howard A Levite, Hristo Pejkov, Huajun Li, Hugo Bloise-Adames, Hugo Marques, Hui Zhong, Hui-Min Zhang, Humayrah Hashim, Hung-I Yeh, Hussien El Fishawy, Ian Webb, Iftikhar Kullo, Igor O Grazhdankin, Ihab Hamzeh, Ikraam Hassan, Ikuko Ueda, Ileana L Pina, Ilona Tamasauskiene, Ilse Bouwhuis, Imran Arif, Ina Wenzelburger, Inês Zimbarra Cabrita, Ines Rodrigues, Inga H Robbins, Inga Soveri, Ingela Schnittger, Iqbal Karimullah, Ira M Dauber, Iram Rehman, Irena Peovska Mitevska, Irene Marthe Lang, Irina Subbotina, Irma Kalibataite-Rutkauskiene, Irni Yusnida, Isabel Estela Carvajal, Isabella C Palazzo, Isabelle Hogan, Isabelle Roy, Ishba Syed, Ishita Tejani, Ivan A Naryshkin, Ivana Jankovic, Iwona Niedzwiecka, J David Knight, Jacek Kusmierek, Jackie M White, Jackie Chow, Jacob Udell, Jacqueline E Tamis-Holland, Jacqueline Fannon, Jacquelyn A Quin, Jacquelyn Do, Jaekyeong Heo, Jakub Maksym, James E Davies, James H O'Keefe Jr, James J Jang, James Cha, James Harrison, James Hirsch, James Stafford, James Tatoulis, Jamie Rankin, Jan Henzel, Jan Orga, Jana Tancredi, Janaina Oliveira, Jane Burton, Jane Eckstein, Jane Marucci, Janet P Knight, Janet Blount, Janet Halliday, Janetta Kourzenkova, Janitha Raj, Jan-Malte Sinning, Jaqueline Pozzibon, Jaroslaw Drozdz, Jaroslaw Karwowski, Jason D Glover, Jason Loh Kwok, Jason T Call, Jason Linefsky, Jassira Gomes, Jati Anumpa, Javier J Garcia, Javier Courtis, Jay Meisner, K Jayakumar, Jayne Scales, Jean E Denaro, Jean Michel Juliard, Jean Ho, Jeanette K Stansborough, Jean-Michel Juliard, Jeanne Russo, Jeannette J M Schoep, Jeet Thambyrajah, Jeff Leimberger, Jeffery A Breall, Jeffrey A Kohn, Jeffrey C Milliken, Jeffrey Anderson, Jeffrey Blume, Jeffrey Kanters, Jeffrey Lorin, Jeffrey Moses, Jelena J Stepanovic, Jelena Celutkiene, Jelena Djokic, Jelena Stojkovic, Jenne M Jose, Jenne Manchery, Jennifer A Mull, Jennifer H Czerniak, Jennifer L Stanford, Jennifer Gillis, Jennifer Horst, Jennifer Isaacs, Jennifer Langdon, Jennifer Thomson, Jennifer Tomfohr, Jennifer White, Jen-Yuan Kuo, Jeremy Rautureau, Jerome Fleg, Jessica Berg, Jessica Rodriguez, Jessica Waldron, Jhina Patro, Jia Li, Jiajia Mao, Jiamin Liu, Jian'an Wang, Jianhua Li, Jianxin Zhang, Jie Qi, Jihyun Lyo, Jill Marcus, Jim Blankenship, Jing Zhang, Jingjing Liu, Jing-Yao Fan, Jiun-Yi Li, Jiwan Pradhan, Jiyan Chen, J M Rivera Caravaca, Jo Evans, Joan Garcia Picart, Joan Hecht, Joanna Jaroch, Joanna Zalewska, Joanne Kelly, Joanne Taaffe, João Reynaldo Abbud, João V Vitola, Joaquín V Peñafiel, Jocelyne Benatar, Jody Bindeman, Joe Sabik, Joel Klitch, Johann Christopher, Johannes Aspberg, John D Friedman, John F Beltrame, John F Heitner, John Joseph Graham, John R Davies, John Doan, John Kotter, John Kurian, John Mukai, John Pownall, Jolanta Sobolewska, Jon Kobashigawa, Jonathan L Goldberg, Jonathan W Bazeley, Jonathan Byrne, Jonathan Himmelfarb, Jonathan Leipsic, Jonean Thorsen, Jorge F Trejo Gutierrez, Jorge Escobedo, Jorik Timmer, José A Ortega-Ramírez, José Antonio Marin-Neto, Jose D Salas, Jose Enrique Castillo, Jose Francisco Saraiva, José J Cuenca-Castillo, Jose L Diez, José Luis Narro Villanueva, José Luiz da Vieira, José M Flores-Palacios, Jose Ramon Gonzalez, Jose Seijas Amigo, Jose Fragata, Josep Maria Padró, Josheph F X McGarvey Jr, Joseph Hannan, Joseph Sacco, Joseph Sweeny, Joseph Wiesel, Josephine D Abraham, Joshua P Loh, Joy Burkhardt, Joyce R White, Joyce Riestenberg-Smith, Judit Sebo, Judith L Meadows, Judith Wright, Judy Mae Foltz, Judy Hung, Judy Otis, Juergen Stumpf, Jui-Peng Tsai, Julia S Dionne, Julia de Aveiro Morata, Julie Bunke, Julie Morrow, Julio César Figal, Jun Fujita, Jun Jiang, Junhua Li, Junqing Yang, Juntima Euathrongchit, Jyotsna Garg, K Manjula Rani, K Preethi, Kaatje Goetschalckx, Kai Eggers, Kamalakar Surineni, Kanae Hirase, T R Kapilamoorthy, Karen Calfas, Karen Gratrix, Karen Hallett, Karen Hultberg, Karen Nugent, Karen Petrosyan, Karen Swan, Karolina Kryczka, Karolina Wojtczak-Soska, Karolina Wojtera, Karsten Lenk, Karthik Ramasamy, Katarzyna Łuczak, Katarzyna Malinowska, Kate Pointon, Kate Robb, Katherine Martin, Kathleen Claes, Kathryn Carruthers, Kathy E Siegel, Katia Drouin, Katie Fowler-Lehman, Kavita Rawat, Kay Rowe, Keiichi Fukuda, Keith A A Fox, Ken Mahaffey, Kendra Unterbrink, Kenneth Giedd, Kerrie Van Loo, Kerry Lee, Kerstin Bonin, Kevin R Bainey, Kevin T Harley, Kevin Anstrom, Kevin Chan, Kevin Croce, Kevin Landolfo, Kevin Marzo, Keyur Patel, Khaled Abdul-Nour, Khaled Alfakih, Khaled Dajani, Khaled Ziada, Khaula Baloch, Khrystyna Kushniriuk, Kian-Keong Poh, Kim F Ireland, Kim Holland, Kimberly Ann Byrne, Kimberly E Halverson, Kimberly Elmore, Kimberly Miller-Cox, Kiran Reddy, Kirsten J Quiles, Kirsty Abercrombie, Klaus Matschke, Konrad Szymczyk, Koo Hui Chan, Kotiboinna Preethi, Kozhaya Sokhon, Krissada Meemuk, Kristian Thygesen, Kristin M Salmi, Kristin Newby, Kristina Wippler, Kristine Arges, Kristine Teoh, Krystal Etherington, Krystyna Łoboz-Grudzień, Krzysztof W Reczuch, Krzysztof Bury, Krzysztof Drzymalski, Krzysztof Kukuła, Kuo-Tzu Sung, Kurt Huber, Ladda Douangvila, Lance Sullenberger, Larissa Miranda Trama, Laszlone Matics, Laura Drew, Laura Flint, Laura Keinaite, Laura Sarti, Laurel Kolakaluri, Lawrence M Phillips, Lawrence Friedman, Lawrence Phillips, Lazar Velicki, Leah Howell, Leandro C Maranan, Leanne Cox, Ledjalem Daba, Lei Zhang, Lekshmi Dharmarajan, Leo Bockeria, Leonardo Pizzol Caetano, Leonardo Bridi, Leonid L Bershtein, Leszek Sokalski, Li Hai Yan, Li Li, Lia Nijmeijer, Lidia Sousa, Lihong Xu, Lihua Zhang, Lili Zhang, Lilia Schiavi, Lilian Mazza Barbosa, Lillian L Khor, Lina Felix-Stern, Linda L Hall, Linda M Hollenweger, Linda Arcand, Linda Davidson-Ray, Linda Schwarz, Lindsey N Sikora, Lingping Chi, Lino Patricio, Liping Zhang, Lisa Chaytor, Lisa Hatch, Lisa McCloy, Lisa Wong, Liselotte Persson, Lixin Jiang, Liz Low, Ljiljana Pupic, Loïc Bière, Lorenzo Monti, Lori Christensen, Lori Pritchard, Loriane Black, Lori-Ann Desimone, Lori-Ann Larmand, Lorraine McGregor, Louise Morby, Louise Thomson, Luc Harvey, Luciana de Pádua Baptista, Lucilla Garcia, Ludivine Eliahou, Ludmila Helmer, Luis F Smidt, Luis Bernanrdes, Luis Guzman, Luiz A Carvalho, Luyang Xiong, Lynette L Teo, Lynn M Neeson, Lynne Winstanley, M Barbara Srichai-Parsia, M Quintana Giner, M Sowjanya Reddy, M Valdés Chávarri, M Grazia Rossi, Maarten Simoons, Maayan Konigstein, Maciej Lesiak, Maciej Olsowka, Mafalda Selas, Magalie Corfias, Magdalena Madero Rovalo, Magdalena Łanocha, Magdalena Miller, Magdalena Misztal-Teodorczyk, Magdalena Rantinella, Magdy Abdelhamid, Magnolia Jimenez, Mahboob Alam, Mahevamma Mylarappa, Mahfouz El Shahawy, Mahmoud Mohamed, Mahmud Al-Bustami, Majo X Joseph, Malgorzata Frach, Małgorzta Celińska-Spodar, Malte Helm, Manas Chacko, Mandy Murphy, Manitha Vinod, Manjula Rani, Manu Dhawan, Manuela Mombelli, Marcel Weber, Marcello Galvani, Marcelo Jamus Rodrigues, Marcia F Dubin, Marcia F Werner Bayer, Marcin Szkopiak, Marco Antonio Monsalve, Marco Bizzaro Santos, Marco Magnoni, Marco Marini, Marco Sicuro, Marco Zenati, Marcos Valério Coimbra Resende, Marek Roik, Margalit Bentzvi, Margaret Gilsenan, Margaret Iraola, Margot C Quinn, Maria A Alfonso, Maria Antonieta Pereira Moraes, María Dolores Martínez-Ruíz, María Fernanda Canales, Maria Inês Caetano, Maria P Corral, Maria Pérez García, Maria Victoria Actis, Maria Aguirre, Maria Andreasson, Maria Aprile, Maria Colton, Maria Eugenia Martin, Maria Lasala, Maria Lorenzo, Maria Posada, Maria Shier, Maria Thottam, Mariana V Furtado, Mariana Yumi Okada, Marianna D A Dracoulakis, Marianne De Andrade, Mariano Rubio, Marie Essermark, Marielle Scherrer-Crosbie, Marija T Petrovic, Marija Zdravkovic, Marilyn Black, Marina Garcia, Mario J Garcia, Mariola Szulik, Marisa Orgera, Mark A de Belder, Mark Harbinson, Mark Hyun, Mark Peterson, Mark Xavier, Marlowe Mosley, Marta Capinha, Marta Marcinkiewicz-Siemion, Marta Swiderek, Martha Meyer, Martina Ceseri, Martina Tricoli, Marvin Kronenberg, Mary Williams, Mary Ann Champagne, Mary Colleen Rogge, Mary R Soltau, Mary Streif, Massimo Villella, Massoud Leesar, Matei Claudia, Mateusz Solecki, Matías Nicolás Mungo, Matthew Wall Jr, Matthew Budoff, Matthew Jezior, Matthew Luckie, Matthias Friedrich, Mauren P Haeffner, Maximilian Tscharre, Max-Paul Winter, Mayana Almeida, Mayil S Krishnam, Mayuri Patel, Meenakshi Mishra, Megan Manocchia, Meghana Kakade, Melanie J Munro, Melissa D Chaplin, Melissa LeFevre, Mervyn Andiapen, Michael A Gibson, Michael B Rubens, Michael C Turner, Michael D Shapiro, Michael W Lee, Michael Berlowitz, Michael Davidson, Michael Mack, Michael McDaniel, Michael Mumma, Michal Wlodarczyk, Michel G Khouri, Michel S Slama, Michele Rawlins, Michelle M Bonner, Michelle M Seib, Michelle Chang, Michelle Crowder, Michelle Dixon, Michelle Mayon, Michelle McEvoy, Michelle Yee, Miguel M Fernandes, Miguel Nobre Menezes, Miguel Souto Bayarri, Miguel Barrero, Mikhail T Torosoff, Milan R Dobric, Milan Dobric, Milica Nikola Dekleva, Milind Avdhoot Gadkari, Millie Gomez, Min Tun Kyaw, Miriam Brooks, Miroslav Stevo Martinovic, Mitchel B Lustre, Mohammad Tariq Vakani, Mohammad El-Hajjar, Mohammed Al-Amoodi, 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Riezebos, Robert M Donnino, Robert Bojar, Robert Chilton, Robert Guyton, Robert Henderson, Robert Kornberg, Robert Leber, Robert Mao, Robert Stenberg, Roberta P Santos, Roberto René Favaloro, Roberto Amati, Rodolfo G S D Lima, Rodrigo J Cerci, Rogerio Tumelero, Rohit Tandon, Roma Tewari, Romalisa Miranda-Peats, Ron Wald, Ronald A Mastouri, Ronald G Morford, Ronald G Schwartz, Ronald P Pedalino, Rongrong Hu, Ronnell A Hansen, Ronny A Cohen, Rory Hachamovitch, Rosa Homem, Rosa Sandonato, Rosane Laimer, Rosann Gans, Roxanne Yost, Roy Mathew, Rubén Baleón-Espinosa, Ruben Ramos, Rubine Gevorgyan, Rui Ferreira, Rui Jing, Ruth Pérez-Fernández, S K Dwivedi, S Ramakrishnan, Saadat Khan, Sabahat Bokhari, Sabu Thomas, Sadath Lubna, Sajeeda Parveen Khan, Sajeev Chakanalil Govindan, Saket Girotra, Saleem Kassam, Sallie Canada, Salvador Cruz-Flores, Samaa Mohamed, Samantha Ly, Sameh El Kaffas, Samia Massalha, Sampoornima Setty, Samuel Nwosu, Sandeep Seth, Sandeep Singh, Sander R Niehe, Sandra M 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Craig Barr, Craig Paterson, Cristina Bare, Cynthia Baumann, Cynthia Burman, Dalisa Espinosa, Damien Collison, Dan Deleanu, Dan Elian, Dan Gao, Dana Oliver, Daniel P Vezina, Daniel O'Rourke, Daniele Komar, Danielle Schade, Darrel P Francis, Dastan Malaev, David A Bull, David E Winchester, David P Faxon, David Booth, David Cohen, David DeMets, David Foo, David Schlichting, David Taggart, David Waters, David Wohns, Davis Vo, Dawid Teodorczyk, Dawn Shelstad, Dawn Turnbull, Dayuan Li, Dean Kereiakes, Deborah O'Neill, Deborah Yip, Debra K Johnson, Debra Dees, Deepak L Bhatt, Deepika Gopal, Deepti Kumar, Deirdre Mattina, Deirdre Murphy, Delano R Small, Delsa K Rose, Dengke Jiang, Denis Carl Phaneuf, Denise Braganza, Denise Fine, Derek Cyr, Desiree Tobin, Diana Cukali, Diana Parra, Diane Camara, Diane Minshall Liu, Diego Adrián Vences, Diego Franca de Cunha, Dimitrios Stournaras, Dipti Patel, Dongze Li, Donna Exley, Dorit Grahl, Dragana Stanojevic, Duarte Cacela, Dwayne S G Conway, E Pinar 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George J Juang, Gerald Fletcher, Gerald Leonard, Gerard Patrick Devlin, Gerard Esposito, Gergely Ágoston, Gervasio Lamas, Geza Fontos, Ghada Mikhail, Gia Cobb, Gian Piero Perna, Gianpiero Leone, Giles Roditi, Gilles Barone-Rochette, Girish Mishra, Giuseppe Tarantini, Glenda Wong, Glenn S Hamroff, Glenn Rayos, Gong Cheng, Gonzalo Barge-Caballero, Goran Davidović, Goran Stankovic, Gordana Stevanovic, Grace Jingyan Wang, Grace M Young, Graceanne Wayser, Graciela Scaro, Graham S Hillis, Graham Wong, Grazyna Anna Szulczyk, Gregor Simonis, Gregory Kumkumian, Gretchen Ann Peichel, Grzegorz Gajos, Gudrun Steinmaurer, Guilherme G Rucatti, Guilherme Portugal, Guilhermina Cantinho Lopes, Guillem Pons Lladó, Gunnar Frostfelt, Gurpreet S Wander, Gurpreet Gulati, Gustavo Pucci, Hafidz Abd Hadi, Haibo Zhang, Haitao Wang, Halina Marciniak, Han Chen, Hanan Kerr, Hani Najm, Hanna Douglas, Hannah Phillips, Hao Dai, Haojian Dong, Haqeel Jamil, Harikrishnan Sivadasanpillai, Harry Suryapranata, Hassan Reda, Hayley Pomeroy, Heather Barrentine, Heather Golden, Heather Hurlburt, Heidi Wilson, Helen C Tucker, Helene Abergel, Hemalata Siddaram, Hermine Osseni, Herwig Schuchlenz, Hesong Zeng, Hicham Skali, Hilda Solomon, Hollie Horton, Holly Hetrick, Holly Little, Holly Park, Hongjie Chi, Hossam Mahrous, Howard A Levite, Hristo Pejkov, Huajun Li, Hugo Bloise-Adames, Hugo Marques, Hui Zhong, Hui-Min Zhang, Humayrah Hashim, Hung-I Yeh, Hussien El Fishawy, Ian Webb, Iftikhar Kullo, Igor O Grazhdankin, Ihab Hamzeh, Ikraam Hassan, Ikuko Ueda, Ileana L Pina, Ilona Tamasauskiene, Ilse Bouwhuis, Imran Arif, Ina Wenzelburger, Inês Zimbarra Cabrita, Ines Rodrigues, Inga H Robbins, Inga Soveri, Ingela Schnittger, Iqbal Karimullah, Ira M Dauber, Iram Rehman, Irena Peovska Mitevska, Irene Marthe Lang, Irina Subbotina, Irma Kalibataite-Rutkauskiene, Irni Yusnida, Isabel Estela Carvajal, Isabella C Palazzo, Isabelle Hogan, Isabelle Roy, Ishba Syed, Ishita Tejani, Ivan A Naryshkin, Ivana Jankovic, Iwona Niedzwiecka, J David Knight, Jacek Kusmierek, Jackie M White, Jackie Chow, Jacob Udell, Jacqueline E Tamis-Holland, Jacqueline Fannon, Jacquelyn A Quin, Jacquelyn Do, Jaekyeong Heo, Jakub Maksym, James E Davies, James H O'Keefe Jr, James J Jang, James Cha, James Harrison, James Hirsch, James Stafford, James Tatoulis, Jamie Rankin, Jan Henzel, Jan Orga, Jana Tancredi, Janaina Oliveira, Jane Burton, Jane Eckstein, Jane Marucci, Janet P Knight, Janet Blount, Janet Halliday, Janetta Kourzenkova, Janitha Raj, Jan-Malte Sinning, Jaqueline Pozzibon, Jaroslaw Drozdz, Jaroslaw Karwowski, Jason D Glover, Jason Loh Kwok, Jason T Call, Jason Linefsky, Jassira Gomes, Jati Anumpa, Javier J Garcia, Javier Courtis, Jay Meisner, K Jayakumar, Jayne Scales, Jean E Denaro, Jean Michel Juliard, Jean Ho, Jeanette K Stansborough, Jean-Michel Juliard, Jeanne Russo, Jeannette J M Schoep, Jeet Thambyrajah, Jeff Leimberger, Jeffery A Breall, Jeffrey A Kohn, Jeffrey C Milliken, Jeffrey Anderson, Jeffrey Blume, Jeffrey Kanters, Jeffrey Lorin, Jeffrey Moses, Jelena J Stepanovic, Jelena Celutkiene, Jelena Djokic, Jelena Stojkovic, Jenne M Jose, Jenne Manchery, Jennifer A Mull, Jennifer H Czerniak, Jennifer L Stanford, Jennifer Gillis, Jennifer Horst, Jennifer Isaacs, Jennifer Langdon, Jennifer Thomson, Jennifer Tomfohr, Jennifer White, Jen-Yuan Kuo, Jeremy Rautureau, Jerome Fleg, Jessica Berg, Jessica Rodriguez, Jessica Waldron, Jhina Patro, Jia Li, Jiajia Mao, Jiamin Liu, Jian'an Wang, Jianhua Li, Jianxin Zhang, Jie Qi, Jihyun Lyo, Jill Marcus, Jim Blankenship, Jing Zhang, Jingjing Liu, Jing-Yao Fan, Jiun-Yi Li, Jiwan Pradhan, Jiyan Chen, J M Rivera Caravaca, Jo Evans, Joan Garcia Picart, Joan Hecht, Joanna Jaroch, Joanna Zalewska, Joanne Kelly, Joanne Taaffe, João Reynaldo Abbud, João V Vitola, Joaquín V Peñafiel, Jocelyne Benatar, Jody Bindeman, Joe Sabik, Joel Klitch, Johann Christopher, Johannes Aspberg, John D Friedman, John F Beltrame, John F Heitner, John Joseph Graham, John R Davies, John Doan, John Kotter, John Kurian, John Mukai, John Pownall, Jolanta Sobolewska, Jon Kobashigawa, Jonathan L Goldberg, Jonathan W Bazeley, Jonathan Byrne, Jonathan Himmelfarb, Jonathan Leipsic, Jonean Thorsen, Jorge F Trejo Gutierrez, Jorge Escobedo, Jorik Timmer, José A Ortega-Ramírez, José Antonio Marin-Neto, Jose D Salas, Jose Enrique Castillo, Jose Francisco Saraiva, José J Cuenca-Castillo, Jose L Diez, José Luis Narro Villanueva, José Luiz da Vieira, José M Flores-Palacios, Jose Ramon Gonzalez, Jose Seijas Amigo, Jose Fragata, Josep Maria Padró, Josheph F X McGarvey Jr, Joseph Hannan, Joseph Sacco, Joseph Sweeny, Joseph Wiesel, Josephine D Abraham, Joshua P Loh, Joy Burkhardt, Joyce R White, Joyce Riestenberg-Smith, Judit Sebo, Judith L Meadows, Judith Wright, Judy Mae Foltz, Judy Hung, Judy Otis, Juergen Stumpf, Jui-Peng Tsai, Julia S Dionne, Julia de Aveiro Morata, Julie Bunke, Julie Morrow, Julio César Figal, Jun Fujita, Jun Jiang, Junhua Li, Junqing Yang, Juntima 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Stephanie M Lane, Stephanie Ferket, Stephanie Kelly, Stephanie Wasmiller, Stephen H McKellar, Stephen P Hoole, Stephen Fremes, Stephen Preston, Steve Leung, Steven A Fein, Steven J Lindsay, Steven P Sedlis, Steven Giovannone, Steven Michael, Steven Weitz, Stijn van Vugt, Subhash Banerjee, Sudhir Naik, Suellen Hosino, Sukie Desire, Sukit Yamwong, Suku T Thambar, Sulagna Mookherjee, Suman Singh, Sundeep Mishra, Sunil Kumar Verma, Supap Kulthawong, Supatchara Khwakhong, Surendra Naik, Suresh Babu, Surin Woragidpoonpol, Suryaprakash Narayanappa, Susan Derbyshire, Susan Gent, Susan Mathus, Susan Milbrandt, Susan Moore, Susan Regan, Susan Stinson, Susan Webber, Susana Silva, Susanna Stevens, Susanne Gruensfelder, Suthara Aramcharoen, Suvarna Kolhe, Suzana Tavares, Suzanne Arnold, Suzanne Welsh, Svetlana Apostolovic, Swapna Kunhunny, Ta-Chuan Hung, Taissa Zappernick, Tali Sharir, Talita Silva, Tamara Colaiácovo Soares, Tapan Umesh Pillay, Tarun K Mittal, Tatiana Trifonova, Tauane Bello 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Wu, Yu Kunwu, Yu Zhao, Yudong Peng, Yueh-Hung Lin, Yulan Zhao, Yumei Dong, Yunhai Zhao, Yutthaphan Wannasopha, Yvonne Taul, Zakir Sahul, Zalina Kudzoeva, Zbigniew Kalarus, Zeljko Z Markovic, Zhen Huang, Zheng Ji, Zhenyu Liu, Zhou Yue, Zhulin Zhang, Zhuxi Li, Zile Singh Meharwal, Ziliang Bai, Zixiang Yu, Zohra Huda, Zoltan Davidovits

Subjects
Male, Cardiac Catheterization, Computed Tomography Angiography, medicine.medical_treatment, Myocardial Ischemia, Coronary Disease, Coronary Artery Disease, Kaplan-Meier Estimate, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Coronary Angiography, ISCHEMIA Research Group, law.invention, Angina, Coronary artery disease, 0302 clinical medicine, Randomized controlled trial, law, Cardiovascular Disease, Myocardial Revascularization, 030212 general & internal medicine, Coronary Artery Bypass, 11 Medical and Health Sciences, Cardiac catheterization, General Medicine, Middle Aged, humanities, Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiology, Female, Human, medicine.medical_specialty, Ischemia, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Geriatric cardiology, Percutaneous Coronary Intervention, General & Internal Medicine, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Angina, Unstable, Aged, business.industry, Coronary Artery Bypa, Percutaneous coronary intervention, Bayes Theorem, medicine.disease, Heart failure, Quality of Life, business
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Among patients with stable coronary disease and moderate or severe ischemia, whether clinical outcomes are better in those who receive an invasive intervention plus medical therapy than in those who receive medical therapy alone is uncertain. METHODS: We randomly assigned 5179 patients with moderate or severe ischemia to an initial invasive strategy (angiography and revascularization when feasible) and medical therapy or to an initial conservative strategy of medical therapy alone and angiography if medical therapy failed. The primary outcome was a composite of death from cardiovascular causes, myocardial infarction, or hospitalization for unstable angina, heart failure, or resuscitated cardiac arrest. A key secondary outcome was death from cardiovascular causes or myocardial infarction. RESULTS: Over a median of 3.2 years, 318 primary outcome events occurred in the invasive-strategy group and 352 occurred in the conservative-strategy group. At 6 months, the cumulative event rate was 5.3% in the invasive-strategy group and 3.4% in the conservative-strategy group (difference, 1.9 percentage points; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.8 to 3.0); at 5 years, the cumulative event rate was 16.4% and 18.2%, respectively (difference, -1.8 percentage points; 95% CI, -4.7 to 1.0). Results were similar with respect to the key secondary outcome. The incidence of the primary outcome was sensitive to the definition of myocardial infarction; a secondary analysis yielded more procedural myocardial infarctions of uncertain clinical importance. There were 145 deaths in the invasive-strategy group and 144 deaths in the conservative-strategy group (hazard ratio, 1.05; 95% CI, 0.83 to 1.32). CONCLUSIONS: Among patients with stable coronary disease and moderate or severe ischemia, we did not find evidence that an initial invasive strategy, as compared with an initial conservative strategy, reduced the risk of ischemic cardiovascular events or death from any cause over a median of 3.2 years. The trial findings were sensitive to the definition of myocardial infarction that was used. (Funded by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and others; ISCHEMIA ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01471522.).

Published
2020
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12. Estimation of shear strength parameter of silty sand from SPT-N60 using machine learning models

Author

S. Barua, T. Alam, Ahmed Hossain, and M. R. Rahman

Subjects
Shear strength (soil), Particle-size distribution, Geotechnical engineering, Sample collection, Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology, Internal friction, Geology
Abstract

This study represents the angle of internal friction (ϕ) estimation of silty sand (SM) of Bangladesh using SPT-N, the depth of sample collection, and the grain size analysis results using machine l...

Published
2021
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13. Normalization of Testosterone Levels After Testosterone Replacement Therapy Is Associated With Decreased Incidence of Atrial Fibrillation

Author

Rishi Sharma, Olurinde A. Oni, Kamal Gupta, Mukut Sharma, Ram Sharma, Vikas Singh, Deepak Parashara, Surineni Kamalakar, Buddhadeb Dawn, Guoqing Chen, John A. Ambrose, and Rajat S. Barua

Subjects
atrial fibrillation, testosterone, testosterone replacement therapy, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701
Abstract

BackgroundAtrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac dysrhythmia associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Several small studies have reported that low serum total testosterone (TT) levels were associated with a higher incidence of AF. In contrast, it is also reported that anabolic steroid use is associated with an increase in the risk of AF. To date, no study has explored the effect of testosterone normalization on new incidence of AF after testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) in patients with low testosterone. Methods and ResultsUsing data from the Veterans Administrations Corporate Data Warehouse, we identified a national cohort of 76 639 veterans with low TT levels and divided them into 3 groups. Group 1 had TRT resulting in normalization of TT levels (normalized TRT), group 2 had TRT without normalization of TT levels (nonnormalized TRT), and group 3 did not receive TRT (no TRT). Propensity score–weighted stabilized inverse probability of treatment weighting Cox proportional hazard methods were used for analysis of the data from these groups to determine the association between post‐TRT levels of TT and the incidence of AF. Group 1 (40 856 patients, median age 66 years) had significantly lower risk of AF than group 2 (23 939 patients, median age 65 years; hazard ratio 0.90, 95% CI 0.81–0.99, P=0.0255) and group 3 (11 853 patients, median age 67 years; hazard ratio 0.79, 95% CI 0.70–0.89, P=0.0001). There was no statistical difference between groups 2 and 3 (hazard ratio 0.89, 95% CI 0.78– 1.0009, P=0.0675) in incidence of AF. ConclusionsThese novel results suggest that normalization of TT levels after TRT is associated with a significant decrease in the incidence of AF.

Published
2017
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16. Bulky granulomatous disease resulting in constrictive tuberculous pericarditis requiring pericardiectomy: a case report

Author

Yishay Orr, Michael P. Skinner, Bernadette Phua, and S. Barua

Subjects
Constrictive pericarditis, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Case Reports, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Pericardial effusion, 03 medical and health sciences, Pericarditis, 0302 clinical medicine, Prednisone, Case report, medicine, AcademicSubjects/MED00200, 030212 general & internal medicine, Pericardiectomy, Heart Failure, Granulomatous disease, business.industry, Tuberculous pericarditis, medicine.disease, Surgery, Pericardiocentesis, Heart catheterization, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, medicine.drug
Abstract

Background We present a 23-year-old Nepalese migrant with mycobacterial tuberculosis (TB) pericarditis manifesting as effusive constrictive disease and subsequent rapid progression to constrictive pericarditis resulting from bulky granulomatous disease. Case summary Following initial presumptive diagnosis of TB pericarditis based on presence of moderate pericardial effusion and positive polymerase chain reaction on concurrent pleural aspirate, the patient was managed with standard empiric therapy. Despite treatment, he developed progressive heart failure with New York Heart Association (NYHA) class III symptoms and had confirmation of constrictive physiology on simultaneous left and right heart catheterization. He underwent pericardiectomy 4 months after his initial diagnosis, with debridement of large necrotizing granulomas and an associated immediate improvement clinical improvement. He remains well at 6-month follow-up with no residual heart failure symptoms off diuretic therapy. Discussion Tuberculous pericarditis accounts for 1–2% of presentations with TB infection, with progression to constrictive pericarditis in between 17 and 40% of cases. To date, pericardiectomy remains mainstay of treatment for constriction, albeit with high perioperative risk. In combination with anti-tuberculous therapy, prednisone and pericardiocentesis may reduce risk of progression to constriction, however, neither have shown mortality benefit. Our patient continued to progress, despite medical therapy and proceeded to pericardiectomy only 4 months after his initial diagnosis, with rapid improvement in symptoms, demonstrating the importance of close monitoring and revision of management strategy in these patients.

Published
2020

17. Reducing Tobacco-Related Disability in Chronic Smokers

Author

John A. Ambrose, Vipul V. Jain, James E. Muller, Rajat S. Barua, Sagar Ranka, and Amir Najafi

Subjects
Aspirin, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Stressor, Genetic variants, General Medicine, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Statin treatment, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Cigarette smoking, Primary prevention, Environmental health, medicine, Smoking cessation, 030212 general & internal medicine, business, Adverse effect, medicine.drug
Abstract

Tobacco consumption (predominantly cigarettes) is the leading preventable cause of mortality worldwide. Although the major focus of strategies to reduce mortality from tobacco must include prevention of future generations from initially gaining access, some smokers are unwilling or unable to quit. Can the higher risk chronic smoker be identified and can their risk be reduced? The risk of adverse events in cigarette smokers is influenced by the intensity and duration of cigarette smoking or secondhand exposure, associated conventional risk factors, environmental stressors, and certain genetic variants and epigenetic modifiers. Recent data suggest that inflammatory markers such as high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs CRP) and targeted imaging can identify some smokers at higher risk. As smoking is prothrombotic, aspirin initiation and expanded statin use might reduce cardiovascular risk in those who do not presently meet criteria for these therapies, but further study is required. Thus, although advocacy for smoking cessation should always be the primary approach, increased efforts are needed to identify and potentially treat those who are unable or unwilling to quit.

Published
2020
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18. Global status of african horse sickness: A perspective on emergency preparedness

Author

T. Riyesh, Naveen Kumar, and S. Barua

Subjects
education.field_of_study, Orbivirus, biology, business.industry, Population, African Horse Sickness Virus, Outbreak, Context (language use), Disease, biology.organism_classification, Preparedness, Environmental health, Medicine, African horse sickness, business, education
Abstract

African horse sickness (AHS) is a non-contagious arthropod-borne viral disease, which affects all species of Equidae being fatal in horses. The aetiological agent of the disease is African horse sickness virus (AHSV), an Orbivirus within the family Reoviridae, which is transmitted by the biting midges in the genus Culicoides. AHS has been reported from Africa, Europe and Asia, and the disease is endemic in Africa. AHS appeared in India in the early 1960s and the disease was controlled later by combined vaccination and zoo sanitary measures. In recent times, climate change and the associated changing pattern of vector migration and international movement of animals have resulted in the appearance of the disease in countries, where it is not present. The presence of the disease in neighbouring countries is a threat to the equine population in India as our equines are naive to AHSV. It is in this context that any new outbreak in the country could be devastating for the equine sector. Majority of the veterinarians and para-veterinarians in the country are less informed about the clinical presentation and severity of AHS which could further result in delay in identification of index cases. Under the circumstances, it becomes prudent to create awareness about the disease so as to benefit researchers, veterinarians and the farming community associated with the equine sector. In this direction, this review besides highlighting the history, aetiology and clinical presentation of the disease also summarizes the emergency preparedness for combating the disease in the country.

Published
2020
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19. Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation and 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels on the Risk of Atrial Fibrillation

Author

Prakash Acharya, Maya S. Safarova, Tarun Dalia, Rajani Bharati, Sagar Ranka, Mohinder Vindhyal, Sania Jiwani, and Rajat S. Barua

Subjects
Male, Risk Factors, Case-Control Studies, Atrial Fibrillation, Dietary Supplements, Hypertension, Humans, Vitamin D, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Vitamin D Deficiency
Abstract

The effects of vitamin D (Vit-D) deficiency and Vit-D treatment (VDT) on atrial fibrillation (AF) remain inconclusive. This study sought to determine the effects of VDT and nontreatment on AF risk in Vit-D-deficient patients without a previous history of AF. In this nested case-control study, 39,845 individuals with low 25-hydroxy-Vit-D ([25-OH]D) levels (20 ng/ml) were divided into group-A (untreated, levels ≤20 ng/ml), group-B (treated, levels 21 to 29 ng/ml), and group-C (treated, levels ≥30 ng/ml). The risk of AF was compared utilizing propensity score-weighted Cox proportional hazard models. Among the individuals receiving VDT for ≥6 months, the risk of AF was significantly lower in group-B (hazard ratio [HR] 0.89, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.80 to 0.98, p = 0.03] and group-C (HR 0.84, 95% CI 0.73 to 0.0.95, p = 0.007] than in group-A. A subgroup analysis of men65 years showed individuals with hypertension had a significantly lower risk of AF in group-C than in group-B (HR 0.79, CI 0.65 to 0.94, p = 0.02) and group-A (HR 0.78, CI 0.64 to 0.96, p = 0.012). A similar result was found in men65 years with diabetes mellitus in group-C compared with group-B (HR 0.69, CI 0.51 to 0.93, p = 0.012) and group-A (HR 0.63, CI 0.47 to 0.84, p = 0.002). In what is, to best of our knowledge, the largest observational study to date of patients with Vit-D deficiency and no previous history of AF, (25-OH)D level of20 ng/ml with VDT for ≥6 months was associated with a significantly lower risk of AF. Additionally, men65 years with hypertension or diabetes mellitus had a further decrease in AF risk when the (25-OH)D levels were ≥30 ng/ml.

Published
2021

22. The Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation and 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels on the Risk of Myocardial Infarction and Mortality

Author

Deepak Parashara, Prakash Acharya, Maya S. Safarova, Tarun Dalia, Rajat S. Barua, Prince Sethi, Kamal Gupta, Olurinde Oni, and Sagar Ranka

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Vitamin d supplementation, business.industry, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Hazard ratio, primary prevention, medicine.disease, Lower risk, Group A, Gastroenterology, Group B, myocardial infarction, cardiovascular disease, Internal medicine, Cohort, Vitamin D and neurology, Medicine, all-cause mortality, Myocardial infarction, Vitamin D, Corrigendum, business, Clinical Research Articles, AcademicSubjects/MED00250
Abstract

Objective The aim of the study was to examine the effects of the vitamin D (Vit-D) treatment and nontreatment on Vit-D–deficient patients without a prior history of myocardial infarction (MI). Materials and Methods This was a retrospective, observational, nested case–control study of patients (N = 20 025) with low 25-hydroxyvitamin D ([25-OH]D) levels ( Results Among the cohort of 20 025 patients, the risk of MI was significantly lower in Group C than in Group B (hazard ratio [HR] 0.65, 95% CI 0.49-0.85, P = .002) and Group A (HR 0.73, 95% CI 0.55-0.96), P = .02). There was no difference in the risk of MI between Group B and Group A (HR 1.14, 95% CI 0.91-1.42, P = 0.24). Compared with Group A, both Group B (HR 0.59, 95% CI 0.54-0.63, P Conclusions In patients with Vit-D deficiency and no prior history of MI, treatment to the (25-OH)D level of >20 ng/mL and >30 ng/mL was associated with a significantly lower risk of all-cause mortality. The lower risk of MI was observed only in individuals maintaining (25-OH)D levels ≥30 ng/mL.

Published
2021

26. Chronic Hemolysis May Predict Mortality in Patients with Ventricular Assist Devices

Author

K. Kearney, Christopher S. Hayward, Desiree Robson, Peter S. Macdonald, Pankaj Jain, Audrey Adji, S. Barua, C. Cherrett, C. Bragg, Kavitha Muthiah, J. Engelman, and S. Conte

Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Transplantation, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Retrospective cohort study, medicine.disease, Hemolysis, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Ventricular assist device, Concomitant, Lactate dehydrogenase, Internal medicine, medicine, Cardiology, Surgery, cardiovascular diseases, biological phenomena, cell phenomena, and immunity, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Complication, 1102 Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology, Cardiac catheterization
Abstract

Purpose Hemolysis is an important complication of ventricular assist device (VAD) therapy. Several studies have postulated that chronic hemolysis may be a cause of adverse outcomes in patients with VADs, but consistent definitions and clinical outcome data are lacking. Methods We conducted a single-center retrospective cohort study examining survival to transplantation in patients who underwent VAD implantation from 2010-2020. Baseline demographics, renal function, echocardiographic, and cardiac catheterization data for the first 12 months of VAD therapy or until transplantation were collected. Additionally, all available lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) values were collected over this time frame and means were calculated for each patient. Results VADs were implanted in 166 patients, 19% female and 87% left-sided devices. Patients with mean LDH above the upper limit of normal for our laboratory's LDH assay of 440 units/liter (U/L) were more likely to die prior to transplantation compared to those with mean LDH Conclusion Mean LDH above the normal range was an independent and significant predictor of mortality in patients with VADs awaiting transplantation at our center over the last decade. While concomitant severe liver or RV dysfunction can raise LDH, chronic hemolysis is an important potential etiology for our observations. Further work is needed to define chronic hemolysis and its impact on outcomes in patients with VADs.

Published
2021

27. Morpho-biochemical Characterization of Brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) Genotypes during Kharif Season

Author

Jiban Saikia, Luchon Saikia, Deepa Borbora Phookan, Pratap Kumar Das, N. S. Barua, and Jamini Saikia

Subjects
Horticulture, Melongena, biology, Pedicel, Yield (wine), Kharif crop, Solanum, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Ascorbic acid, biology.organism_classification, Hectare, Water content
Abstract

Background: Brinjal is one of the most popular and important vegetable crops grown throughout the year in India and other parts of the world. Though a large number of brinjal genotypes are available in India, only a few have good quality and yield during kharif. Therefore, the current study was carried out to identify and/or superior varieties with high yield and better quality brinjal during kharif, 2017-2018 consisted of thirty brinjal genotypes obtained from different places of India.Methods: All the genotypes were evaluated for fifteen morphological and six biochemical characters viz., plant height (cm), plant spread (cm), number of primary branches per plant, leaf blade length (cm), leaf blade width (cm), number of leaf prickles, days to first flowering (days), days to 50% flowering (days), fruit pedicel length (cm), fruit length (cm), fruit circumference (cm), number of fruits per plant, fruit weight (g), fruit yield per plant (kg), fruit yield per hectare (t), moisture content (%, FW), crude fiber content (%, DW), crude protein content (%, DW), ascorbic acid (mg/100g FW), solasodine content (mg/100g DW) and total phenol content (mg GAE/g FW).Result: Mean performance of brinjal genotypes revealed significant variation for morpho-biochemical characters. This variation may be due to the effect of genotype, environment or their interaction. Morphological characters of brinjal genotypes revealed that among the thirty genotypes, eighteen genotypes viz., Kuchia, Brinjal-3, Khoruah-1, Brinjal-6, Brinjal-8, Brinjal-4, Seujia Bengena, Brinjal-1, Brinjal-9, Brinjal-2, Brinjal Long, Green Long, Boga Bengena, Kajala, Sagolishingia, Long Khoruah, Brinjal-7 and Koni Bengena were found to be the superior performers for fruits/plant, primary branches per plant, days to first flowering, days to 50% flowering and fruit yield during kharif. The mean performance for biochemical characters also revealed wide variability among the genotypes in respect to quality performance.

Published
2021
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28. Global Dynamics of a Model for Anaerobic Wastewater Treatment Process

Author

S. Barua and A. Dénes

Subjects
Acidogenesis, Biogas, Differential equation, Scientific method, Dynamics (mechanics), Industrial scale, Anaerobic wastewater treatment, Biochemical engineering, Mathematics
Abstract

Anaerobic wastewater treatment process is a process where microorganisms including hydrolytic, acidogenic, acetogenic, and methanogenic bacteria degrade organic substance into biogas in an oxygen-free environment. The anaerobic wastewater treatment plant is still rare at the industrial scale because it is unstable under certain circumstances. We present a generalized differential equation model with n microbial species feeding on n types of substrates. We establish a procedure which enables us to decouple a pair of equations in each step, such that using the Bendixson–Dulac criterion and the Poincare–Bendixson theorem, we can determine the globally attractive equilibrium of those two equations, depending on the parameter values. The procedure yields a sequence of threshold parameters which completely describe the global dynamics of the 2n-dimensional system. We show numerical simulations to support the theoretical results.

Published
2021
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32. The role of intracoronary thrombolysis in selected patients presenting with ST-elevation myocardial infarction: a case series

Author

Cuneyt Ada, Paul Geenty, P. Fahmy, S. Barua, T. Deshmukh, Mark J. Cooper, Alan Robert Denniss, and David Tanous

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Revascularization, St elevation myocardial infarction, Internal medicine, medicine, Case Series, AcademicSubjects/MED00200, Myocardial infarction, cardiovascular diseases, Coronary heart disease (incl. Cardiac Intervention), Thrombus, Coronary thrombus, business.industry, Primary percutaneous coronary intervention, Percutaneous coronary intervention, medicine.disease, Thrombosis, ST-elevation myocardial infarction, Conventional PCI, Cardiology, cardiovascular system, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Intracoronary thrombolysis
Abstract

Background Primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is the cornerstone of management for ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). However, large intracoronary thrombus burden complicates up to 70% of STEMI cases. Adjunct therapies described to address intracoronary thrombus include manual and mechanical thrombectomy, use of distal protection device and intracoronary anti-thrombotic therapies. Case summary This series demonstrates the use of intracoronary thrombolysis in the setting of large coronary thrombus, bifurcation lesions with vessel size mismatch, diffuse thrombosis without underlying plaque rupture, and improving coronary flow to allow vessel wiring and proceeding to definitive revascularization. Discussion Larger intracoronary thrombus burden correlates with greater infarct size, distal embolization, and the associated no-reflow phenomena, and propagates stent thrombosis, with subsequent increase in mortality and major adverse cardiac events. Intracoronary thrombolysis may provide useful adjunct therapy in highly selected STEMI cases to reduce intracoronary thrombus and facilitate revascularization.

Published
2020

33. 622 Renal Resistive Index and Acute Kidney Injury During Mechanical Circulatory Support

Author

Christopher S. Hayward, Peter S. Macdonald, S. Barua, and Kavitha Muthiah

Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Acute kidney injury, medicine.disease, Resistive index, Cardiovascular System & Hematology, Internal medicine, Circulatory system, medicine, Cardiology, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, 1102 Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology, 1117 Public Health and Health Services
Published
2020

35. 2018 ACC Expert Consensus Decision Pathway on Tobacco Cessation Treatment

Author

K. Michael Cummings, Pamela B. Morris, Neal L. Benowitz, Barbara S. Wiggins, Linda Sarna, Eric C. Stecker, Rajat S. Barua, Elizabeth V Ratchford, Mohammad-Ali Jazayeri, and Nancy A. Rigotti

Subjects
03 medical and health sciences, medicine.medical_specialty, 0302 clinical medicine, business.industry, Task force, Family medicine, Medicine, Expert consensus, 030212 general & internal medicine, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business
Abstract

James L. Januzzi Jr, MD, FACC, Chair Tariq Ahmad, MD, MPH, FACC Brendan Everett, MD, FACC William Hucker, MD, PhD Dharam J. Kumbhani, MD, SM, FACC Joseph E. Marine, MD, FACC Pamela B. Morris, MD, FACC Robert N. Piana, MD, FACC Sunil V. Rao, MD, FACC Marielle Scherrer-Crosbie, MD, PhD

Published
2018
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38. Acute Kidney Injury Predicts Outcomes Following Ventricular Assist Device Insertion

Author

J. Engelman, Audrey Adji, Bruno Schnegg, S. Barua, Desiree Robson, C. Bragg, Peter McDonald, K. Kearney, Pankaj Jain, C. Cherrett, S. Conte, Christopher S. Hayward, and Kavitha Muthiah

Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Transplantation, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Incidence (epidemiology), medicine.medical_treatment, Acute kidney injury, Renal function, Retrospective cohort study, Oxygenation, urologic and male genital diseases, medicine.disease, female genital diseases and pregnancy complications, Increased risk, Internal medicine, Ventricular assist device, parasitic diseases, medicine, Cardiology, Surgery, In patient, cardiovascular diseases, biological phenomena, cell phenomena, and immunity, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business
Abstract

Purpose Renal function following ventricular assist device (VAD) implantation is a key determinant of survival. The purpose of our study was to investigate whether the development of acute kidney injury (AKI) prior to, or following, VAD implantation influenced survival to transplant. We also sought to determine if the use of extra-corporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) or intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) influenced AKI pre or post-VAD. Methods We undertook a single-centre retrospective cohort study examining outcomes in patients who underwent VAD implantation between 2010 and 2020. AKI was defined as per the KDIGO guidelines. The primary outcome was survival to transplant. Results 61% (96/158) of patients experienced pre-VAD AKI which predicted an increased risk of mortality (OR 2.32, p=0.032, CI 1.07 - 5.04). The incidence of post-VAD AKI was 54% (89/165) which was similarly associated with an increased risk of mortality (OR 2.49, p=0.012, CI 1.21 - 5.13). 67% (64/96) of patients who experienced pre-VAD AKI had post-VAD AKI. Patients who had both pre and post-VAD AKI had a significantly increased mortality prior to transplant with an OR of 3.5 (P=0.01, CI 1.3 - 9.41). Patients with pre-VAD AKI were more likely to require ECMO prior to VAD implantation (OR 2.94) however no difference was observed for IABP use. The use of ECMO or IABP prior to VAD implantation did not influence post-VAD AKI. Conclusion Acute kidney injury both pre and post-VAD implantation reduced likelihood of survival to transplant. Patients with AKI prior to VAD insertion were more likely to require ECMO, however the use of ECMO or IABP pre-VAD insertion did not appear to influence post-VAD AKI.

Published
2021
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39. P0364 / #699: A NOVEL ALGORITHM FOR EARLY DETECTION OF JUNCTIONAL ECTOPIC TACHYCARDIA IN PATIENTS WITH CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE

Author

M. Stauffer, Parag Jain, R. Patel, V. Gagne, Craig G. Rusin, Y. Dai, M. Paciuc, S. Barua, A. Humayun, and H. Babaei

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Heart disease, business.industry, Internal medicine, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Junctional ectopic tachycardia, Cardiology, medicine, Early detection, In patient, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, medicine.disease, business
Published
2021
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40. Assessment of the Activity concentrations of the naturally occurring radionuclides from the samples collected from the different (CUFL & JFL) Urea Fertilizer Company Limited

Author

A. Hossain, M.M. Uddin, S. Barua, and M. M. Haque

Subjects
chemistry.chemical_compound, Radionuclide, chemistry, Environmental chemistry, Activity concentration, Urea, engineering, Fertilizer, engineering.material
Abstract

The activity concentrations of 238U, 232Th, and 40K have been determined for product (urea) samples collected from the Chittagong Urea Fertilizer Limited (CUFL) and Jamuna Fertilizer Company Limited. The different kinds of samples were analyzed by using a calibrated high purity germanium (HPGe) detector of relative efficiency of 38%. For solid samples, the mean activity concentrations of 238U, 232Th, and 40K have been found 78.67±2.87, 59.74±2.27, and 463.71±9.16 Bq/Kg, respectively. The mean activity concentrations of product samples for the corresponding radionuclide were 73.12±2.83, 74.59±2.32, and 391.58±9.38 Bq/Kg, respectively. The artificial radionuclide 137Cs has not been detected in any of the samples. The obtained results of this study show that for some samples the values are lower and for the remaining are higher than the World average values. The mean representative index value is less than unity which confirms that the area is safe for the factory workers and the public nearby.

Published
2017
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41. 161 Renal Histology associated With Cardiorenal Syndrome in Patients With Advanced Heart Failure

Author

Peter S. Macdonald, Christopher S. Hayward, Jacob Sevastos, Kavitha Muthiah, and S. Barua

Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Cardiorenal syndrome, medicine.disease, Renal histology, Cardiovascular System & Hematology, Internal medicine, Heart failure, Cardiology, Medicine, In patient, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, 1102 Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology, 1117 Public Health and Health Services
Published
2020
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42. Genetic gains with rapid-cycle genomic selection for combined drought and waterlogging tolerance in tropical maize (Zea mays L.)

Author

Shyam Bir Singh, P.H. Zaidi, Manish B. Patel, J. P. Shahi, K. Seetharam, Ramesh Kumar Phagna, N. S. Barua, M. T. Vinayan, Raman Babu, Juan Burgueño, Akashi Sarma, and Reshmi R. Das

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, lcsh:QH426-470, Population, Genomics, Plant Science, Biology, lcsh:Plant culture, 01 natural sciences, Zea mays, 03 medical and health sciences, Genetics, lcsh:SB1-1110, Selection, Genetic, education, Selection (genetic algorithm), Genetic diversity, education.field_of_study, Droughts, lcsh:Genetics, 030104 developmental biology, Agronomy, Genetic gain, Agronomy and Crop Science, Genomic selection, Genome, Plant, 010606 plant biology & botany, Waterlogging (agriculture)
Abstract

Rapid cycle genomic selection (RC‐GS) helps to shorten the breeding cycle and reduce the costs of phenotyping, thereby increasing genetic gains in terms of both cost and time. We implemented RC‐GS on two multi‐parent yellow synthetic (MYS) populations constituted by intermating ten elite lines involved in each population, including four each of drought and waterlogging tolerant donors and two commercial lines, with proven commercial value. Cycle 1 (C1) was constituted based on phenotypic selection and intermating of the top 5% of 500 S2 families derived from each MYS population, test‐crossed and evaluated across moisture regimes. C1 was advanced to the next two cycles (C2 and C3) by intermating the top 5% selected individuals with high genomic estimated breeding values (GEBVs) for grain yield under drought and waterlogging stress. To estimate genetic gains, population bulks from each cycle were test‐crossed and evaluated across locations under different moisture regimes. Results indicated that the realised genetic gain under drought stress was 0.110 t ha−1 yr−1 and 0.135 t ha−1 yr−1, respectively, for MYS‐1 and MYS‐2. The gain was less under waterlogging stress, where MYS‐1 showed 0.038 t ha−1 yr−1 and MYS‐2 reached 0.113 t ha−1 yr−1. Genomic selection for drought and waterlogging tolerance resulted in no yield penalty under optimal moisture conditions. The genetic diversity of the two populations did not change significantly after two cycles of GS, suggesting that RC‐GS can be an effective breeding strategy to achieve high genetic gains without losing genetic diversity.

Published
2019

43. Relation of Testosterone Normalization to Mortality and Myocardial Infarction in Men With Previous Myocardial Infarction

Author

Seyed Hamed Hosseini Dehkordi, Rishi Sharma, Ram Sharma, Kamal Gupta, Rajat S. Barua, Reza Masoomi, Mukut Sharma, Mohammad-Ali Jazayeri, and Olurinde Oni

Subjects
Normalization (statistics), Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Time Factors, Hormone Replacement Therapy, Population, Myocardial Infarction, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Recurrence, Risk Factors, Internal medicine, Cause of Death, medicine, Humans, Testosterone, 030212 general & internal medicine, Myocardial infarction, education, Propensity Score, Aged, Retrospective Studies, education.field_of_study, business.industry, Hypogonadism, Incidence, Hazard ratio, Retrospective cohort study, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Prognosis, Confidence interval, United States, Survival Rate, Propensity score matching, Cohort, Cardiology, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Biomarkers, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract

The effect of normalization of serum testosterone levels with testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) in patients with a history of myocardial infarction (MI) is unknown. The objective of this study was to determine the incidence of recurrent MI and all-cause mortality in subjects with a history of MI and low total testosterone (TT) with and without TRT. We retrospectively examined 1,470 men with documented low TT levels and previous MI, categorized into Gp1: TRT with normalization of TT levels (n = 755) Gp2: TRT without normalization of TT levels (n = 542), and Gp3: no TRT (n = 173). The association of TRT with all-cause mortality and recurrent MI was compared using propensity score-weighted Cox proportional hazard models. All-cause mortality was lower in Gp1 versus Gp2 (hazard ratio [HR] 0.76, confidence interval [CI] 0.64 to 0.90, p = 0.002), and Gp1 versus Gp3 (HR 0.76, CI 0.60 to 0.98, p = 0.031). There was no significant difference in the risk of death between Gp2 versus Gp3 (HR 0.97, CI 0.76 to 1.24, p = 0.81). Adjusted regression analyses showed no significant differences in the risk of recurrent MI between groups (Gp1 vs Gp3, HR 0.79, CI 0.12 to 5.27, p = 0.8; Gp1 vs Gp2 HR 1.10, CI 0.25 to 4.77, p = 0.90; Gp2 vs Gp3 HR 0.58, CI 0.08 to 4.06, p = 0.58). In conclusion, in a large observational cohort of male veterans with previous MI, normalization of TT levels with TRT was associated with decreased all-cause mortality compared with those with non-normalized TT levels and the untreated group. Furthermore, in this high-risk population, TRT was not associated with an increased risk of recurrent MI.

Published
2019

44. ASSOCIATION OF VITAMIN D SUPPLEMENTATION AND RISK OF ATRIAL FIBRILLATION IN PATIENTS WITH 25-HYDROXYVITAMIN D DEFICIENCY

Author

Tarun Dalia, Maya S. Safarova, Deepak Parashara, Prakash Acharya, Sagar Ranka, and Rajat S. Barua

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Vitamin d supplementation, business.industry, Internal medicine, medicine, Atrial fibrillation, In patient, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, medicine.disease, business, Gastroenterology
Published
2021
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46. Predictors of Worsening Renal Function in Patients Supported with Ventricular Assist Devices

Author

Peter S. Macdonald, S. Barua, K. Kearney, Audrey Adji, Bruno Schnegg, Pankaj Jain, Christopher S. Hayward, C. Bragg, J. Engelman, Kavitha Muthiah, C. Cherrett, S. Conte, and Desiree Robson

Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Transplantation, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Renal function, Odds ratio, Bleed, medicine.disease, Haemolysis, Internal medicine, Cardiology, Medicine, Surgery, Stage (cooking), Transthoracic echocardiogram, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Adverse effect, 1102 Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology, Kidney disease
Abstract

Purpose Worsening renal function (WRF) in patients supported with ventricular assist devices (VAD) is associated with poor outcomes. Postulated mechanisms include right ventricular (RV) dysfunction, low pulsatility from continuous flow, and chronic haemolysis (CH). We aim to determine whether these predict WRF. Methods Consecutive VAD implants between 2010 - 2019 were analysed. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR - ml/min/m2), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE) were collected until death/transplant to 12-months following implant. Demographics and medications 3-months post-implant were recorded. Adverse events included mortality, gastrointestinal (GI) bleed, ischaemic stroke, intracranial haemorrhage, pump thrombosis and driveline infection at any time until death/transplant.WRF was defined as drop in Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes Chronic Kidney Disease (KDIGO CKD) stage from baseline to last recorded eGFR. CH defined by elevated LDH. Pulsatility index (PI) derived from mean, peak and trough VAD flows at 1, 3 and 12 months. Results 173 patients included, WRF occurred in 49 patients. WRF was associated with increased GI bleed (odds ratio [OR] 4.41, p=0.02) and ischemic stroke (OR 5.05, p=0.018). WRF occurred less frequently in those on beta-blockers (OR 0.31, p = 0.009) and renin-angiotensin-system inhibitors (OR 0.31, p = 0.009). Although not statistically significant, those with WRF had median higher baseline eGFR (WRF vs. no WRF 68 vs 55, p=0.598). Less profound eGFR improvement at 1 month was seen in patients with WRF (1 vs. 25.5, p = 0.021), resulting in numerically lower eGFR at 1-month in those with WRF (77 vs. 83, p=0.119) respectively. WRF was not predicted by PI, CH or change in RV function on TTE. Conclusion WRF is associated with increased morbidity in patients supported with VAD, although the mechanism for this is unclear. Further studies are required to define CH and low pulsatility to determine their impact on WRF.

Published
2021
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47. Association Between Testosterone Replacement Therapy and the Incidence of DVT and Pulmonary Embolism

Author

Kamal Gupta, Virginia J. Savin, Buddhadeb Dawn, Deepak Parashara, Olurinde Oni, Mukut Sharma, Ram Sharma, Guoqing Chen, Rajat S. Barua, and Rishi Sharma

Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Incidence (epidemiology), medicine.medical_treatment, Hormone replacement therapy (menopause), Retrospective cohort study, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, medicine.disease, Surgery, Pulmonary embolism, 03 medical and health sciences, Venous thrombosis, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, Cohort, medicine, cardiovascular diseases, 030212 general & internal medicine, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Veterans Affairs, Cohort study
Abstract

Background Testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) prescriptions have increased several-fold in the last decade. There have been concerns regarding a possible increased incidence of DVT and pulmonary embolism (PE) with TRT. Few data support the association between TRT and DVT/PE. We evaluated the incidence of DVT and PE in men who were prescribed TRT for low serum total testosterone (sTT) levels. Methods This is a retrospective cohort study, conducted using data obtained from the Veterans Affairs Informatics and Computing Infrastructure. We compared the incidence of DVT/PE between those who received TRT and subsequently had normal on-treatment sTT levels (Gp1), those who received TRT but continued to have low on-treatment sTT (Gp2), and those who did not receive TRT (Gp3). Those with prior history of DVT/PE, cancer, hypercoagulable state, and chronic anticoagulation were excluded. Results The final cohort consisted of 71,407 subjects with low baseline sTT. Of these, 10,854 did not receive TRT (Gp3) and 60,553 received TRT. Of those who received TRT, 38,362 achieved normal sTT (Gp1) while 22,191 continued to have low sTT (Gp2). The incidence of DVT/PE was 0.5%, 0.4%, and 0.4% in Gp1, Gp2, and Gp3, respectively. Univariate, multivariate, and stabilized inverse probability of treatment weights analyses showed no statistically significant difference in DVT/PE-free survival between the various groups. Conclusions This study did not detect a significant association between testosterone replacement therapy and risk of DVT/PE in adult men with low sTT who were at low to moderate baseline risk of DVT/PE.

Published
2016
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48. Ovulatory disorders are an independent risk factor for pregnancy complications in women receiving assisted reproduction treatments

Author

S. Barua, Mark McLean, Jennifer Bradford, Howard C. Smith, and Tien-Ming Hng

Subjects
Adult, Ovulation, Infertility, medicine.medical_specialty, Reproductive Techniques, Assisted, media_common.quotation_subject, Fertility, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Pregnancy, Risk Factors, Diabetes mellitus, Diabetes Mellitus, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Risk factor, Retrospective Studies, media_common, 030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine, business.industry, Obstetrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Retrospective cohort study, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Case-Control Studies, Hypertension, Cohort, Premature Birth, Female, New South Wales, business, Infertility, Female, Body mass index
Abstract

BACKGROUND Conception using assisted reproduction treatments (ART) has been associated with an increased risk of pregnancy complications. It is uncertain if this is caused by ART directly, or is an association of the underlying factors causing infertility. AIMS We assessed the relationship between assisted conception (AC) and maternal or fetal complications in a large retrospective cohort study. In a nested cohort of women receiving infertility treatment, we determined if such risk rests predominantly with certain causes of infertility. MATERIALS AND METHODS Retrospective database analysis of 50 381 women delivering a singleton pregnancy in four public hospital obstetric units in western Sydney, and a nested cohort of 508 women receiving ART at a single fertility centre, in whom the cause of infertility was known. RESULTS A total of 1727 pregnancies followed AC; 48 654 were spontaneous conceptions. Adjusted for age, body mass index and smoking, AC was associated with increased risk of preterm delivery (OR 1.73, 95% CI 1.50-2.02), hypertension (OR 1.55, 95% CI 1.34-1.82) and diabetes (OR 1.51, 95% CI 1.30-1.75). In the nested cohort, ovulatory dysfunction was present in 145 women and 336 had infertility despite normal ovulatory function. Ovulatory dysfunction was associated with increased risk of diabetes (OR 2.94, 95% CI 1.72-5.02) and hypertension (OR 2.40, 95% CI 1.15-5.00) compared to women with normal ovulatory function. CONCLUSIONS Assisted conception is associated with increased risk of pregnancy complications. This risk appears greatest for women whose underlying infertility involves ovulatory dysfunction. Such disorders probably predispose towards diabetes and hypertension, which is then exacerbated by pregnancy.

Published
2016
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49. Reducing Tobacco-Related Morbidity and Mortality—A Call to Action

Author

John A. Ambrose, Rajat S. Barua, and Amir Najafi

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, United States Food and Drug Administration, business.industry, Smoking, MEDLINE, Smoking Prevention, Tobacco Products, United States, Call to action, medicine, Humans, Social media, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Intensive care medicine, business
Published
2020
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50. THE EFFECT OF VITAMIN D NORMALIZATION IN U.S. VETERANS

Author

Rajat S. Barua, Olurinde Oni, Sagar Ranka, Prince Sethi, and Prakash Acharya

Subjects
Normalization (statistics), Cardiovascular event, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Urology, Vitamin D and neurology, Medicine, In patient, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business
Abstract

The role of vitamin D (vit-D) supplementation on the reduction of cardiovascular event and mortality remains controversial. Recent trials included patients with predominantly normal baseline 25-hydroxyvitamin D level (25-OHD) (≥20 ng/ml). Evidence in patients with low baseline levels regarding the

Published
2020
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