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11 results on '"S. B. Makarov"'

1. Optimizing the Shape of Signals with Quadrature Amplitude Modulation According to the Criterion of Given Reduction Rate of Out-of-Band Emissions

Author

S. B. Makarov, S. V. Zavjalov, and A. S. Ovsyannikova

Subjects
оптимизационная задача, внеполосные излучения, спектральная эффективность, энергетическая эффективность, граница шеннона, rrc, Electronics, TK7800-8360
Abstract

Introduction. The growth in the volume of information transmitted through communication channels leads to their significant congestion. Almost all methods conventionally used to increase the data transfer rate in given frequency bands have been exhausted. In this regard, it is of interest to use new approaches aimed at improving the spectral efficiency of radio engineering and telecommunication systems by applying optimal signals that make it possible to use the bandwidth reserves of transmission channels given by Shannon's theory.Aim. Improvement of the spectral efficiency of digital messaging systems by using signals with a compact spectrum and increased volume of the channel alphabet at the same time as minimizing energy losses.Materials and methods. When searching for optimal signals, the mathematical apparatus of communication theory and functional analysis, as well as the methods of calculus of variations, were used. The evaluation of bit error rate performance of the obtained optimal signals transmitted in a channel with additive white Gaussian noise was performed in the MatLab environment. Results. It was established that, in a channel with additive white Gaussian noise, optimal signals with a signal constellation size of 64 in the case of quadrature amplitude-phase modulation provide an energy gain of more than 1 dB relative to signals obtained by narrowband filtering under the conditions of uncontrolled intersymbol interference. Optimal signals were shown to provide for an energy gain of 4.9 dB with respect to signals based on narrow-band filtering at a fixed spectral efficiency of 7 (bit/s)/Hz.Conclusion. The paper proposes a method for improving the spectral efficiency of quadrature signals with amplitudephase modulation, based on the use of optimal pulse shapes obtained as a result of solving an optimization problem. The optimization problem was solved according to the criterion of minimizing out-of-band emissions with the constraint on bit error rate performance in case of amplitude-phase modulation. The energy and spectral efficiency of signals with optimal pulse shapes and signals based on narrow-band filtering were compared.

Published
2022
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2. Coherent Detection of Non-Orthogonal Spectrally Efficient Multicarrier Signals Using a Decision Feedback Algorithm

Author

S. B. Makarov, S. V. Zavjalov, D. C. Nguyen, and A. S. Ovsyannikova

Subjects
когерентный, неортогональный, sefdm, ber, итерационный алгоритм, обратная связь, Electronics, TK7800-8360
Abstract

Introduction. Spectrally efficient frequency division multiplexing (SEFDM) is a promising technology for improving spectral efficiency. Since SEFDM signals transmitted on subcarriers are not orthogonal, interchannel interference occurs due to the mutual influence of signals transmitted on adjacent subcarriers. Algorithms for receiving SEFDM signals can be distinguished into element-by-element coherent detection and maximum-likelihood sequence estimation (MLSE). The former method, although being simpler, is characterized by a low bit error rate performance. The latter method, although providing for a higher energy efficiency, is more complicated and does not allow high absolute message rates.Aim. To consider a trade-off solution to the problem of coherent detection of SEFDM signals under the condition of significant interchannel interference, namely, the use of an iterative algorithm of element-by-element processing with decision feedback at each subcarrier frequency.Materials and methods. Analytical expressions for the operation of a demodulator solver were derived. A simulation model for transmission of SEFDM signals was built in the MatLab environment, including element-by-element detection with decision feedback.Results. The simulation results confirmed the efficiency of the proposed algorithm. For error probabilities p =102…103, the energy gains reach values from 0.2 to 7.5 dB for different values of the non-orthogonal subcarrier spacing. At the same time, the efficiency of the detection algorithm with decision feedback turns out to be significantly lower than that when using the detection algorithm MLSE.Conclusion. The proposed detection algorithm can be used in future generations of mobile communications, which require high transmission rates. By reducing the computational complexity of the algorithm, it is possible to provide for a lower power consumption of mobile devices.

Published
2021
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3. STUDY OF DIGITAL CAMERA CALIBRATION ON A FLAT TEST OBJECT

Author

A. V. Govorov, A. G. Chibunichev, and S. B. Makarov

Subjects
Technology, Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), TA1-2040, Applied optics. Photonics, TA1501-1820
Abstract

The paper presents a method for calibration of digital cameras based on the use of a flat test object. The main distinctive feature of this method is that the camera is fixed and does not change its position in space. A series of images of a flat test object (for example, a chessboard) is taken at various distances and inclination of the test object. One should tilt the test object relative to the image plane in order to avoid ambiguity in solving the problem. All these images are measured separately, and processing is performed together, counting them as one image with common exterior orientation elements. Experimental studies have shown sufficient efficiency of such calibration, which is easily implemented and gives positive results in comparison with the classical calibration of the camera on a spatial test object. The results of experimental studies on real images have shown that proposed calibration method gives the comparable with conventional method accuracy. Thus, it is possible to use simple and cheap flat calibration test object instead of spatial one. To achieve the maximum result in camera calibration accuracy, use this method to tilt the chessboard at angles in the range of 30–40 degrees to the optical axis of the camera being calibrated.

Published
2020
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5. On the Possibility of Applying a Multi-frequency Dynamic Absorber (MDA) to Seismic Protection Tasks

Author

S. B. Makarov and N. V. Pankova

Subjects
Vibration, Frequency response, Elastic continuum, Computer science, Oscillation, Acoustics, Range (statistics), Peak level, Seismic protection, Energy (signal processing)
Abstract

The question discussed is how to best protect from seismic impact some building in which high-tech production is planned, or there are other reasons for severe restrictions on the acceptable level of vibrations. Whether there is a need to have a strong foundation for the building, or there is another way of protection if the building is already built? It is proposed to use a passive multi-frequency dynamic absorber (MDA) in the form of an elastic continuum of rubber-like material, which has a large number of eigen frequencies in the frequency range of seismic effects. When MDA has eigen frequencies close to the resonances of the protected object, a part of the building oscillation energy is pumped into the absorber oscillations and the peak level of frequency response function is significantly reduced.

Published
2020

6. A MULTIPLE NON-LINEAR REGRESSION MODEL TO ESTIMATE THE AGILE TESTING EFFORTS FOR SMALL WEB PROJECTS

Author

Prykhodko, N. V.; National University of Shipbuilding, Mykolaiv, Prykhodko, S. B.; Makarov National University of Shipbuilding, Mykolaiv, Prykhodko, N. V.; National University of Shipbuilding, Mykolaiv, and Prykhodko, S. B.; Makarov National University of Shipbuilding, Mykolaiv

Abstract

Context. Software testing effort estimation is one of the important problems in software development and software testing lifecycle. The object of the study is the process of estimating the agile testing efforts for small Web projects. The subject of the study is the multiple regression models for estimating the agile testing efforts for small Web projects.Objective. The goal of the work is the creation of the multiple non-linear regression model for estimating the agile testing effortsfor small Web projects on the basis of the Johnson multivariate normalizing transformation.Method. The model, confidence and prediction intervals of multiple non-linear regression for estimating the agile testing effortsfor small Web projects are constructed on the basis of the Johnson multivariate normalizing transformation for non-Gaussian datawith the help of appropriate techniques. The techniques based on the multiple non-linear regression analysis using the multivariate normalizing transformations to build the models, equations, confidence and prediction intervals of multiple non-linear regressions are used. The techniques allow to take into account the correlation between random variables in the case of normalization of multivariate non-Gaussian data. In general, this leads to a reduction of the mean magnitude of relative error, the widths of the confidence and prediction intervals in comparison with the linear models and nonlinear models constructed using univariate normalizing transformations.Results. Comparison of the constructed model with the linear model and non-linear regression models based on the decimallogarithm and the Johnson univariate transformation has been performed.Conclusions. The multiple non-linear regression model to estimate the agile testing efforts for small Web projects is firstlyconstructed on the basis of the Johnson multivariate transformation for SB family. This model, in comparison with other regressionmodels (both linear and non-linear), has a smal, Актуальність. Оцінювання трудомісткості тестування програмного забезпечення є однією з важливих проблем у розробціпрограмного забезпечення та життєвому циклі тестування програмного забезпечення. Об’єктом дослідження є процес оцінюваннятрудомісткості agile тестування для малих веб-проектів. Предметом дослідження є моделі множинної регресії для оцінюваннятрудомісткості agile тестування для малих веб-проектів.Мета. Метою роботи є створення моделі множинної нелінійної регресії для оцінювання трудомісткості agile тестування длямалих веб-проектів на основі багатовимірного нормалізуючого перетворення Джонсона.Метод. Модель, довірчі інтервали та інтервали передбачення багатовимірної нелінійної регресії для оцінювання трудомісткостіagile тестування для малих веб-проектів побудовані на основі багатовимірного нормалізуючого перетворення Джонсона длянегаусівських даних за допомогою відповідних методів. Методи побудови моделей, рівнянь, довірчих інтервалів і інтервалівпередбачення нелінійних регресій засновані на багатовимірному нелінійному регресійному аналізі з використаннямбагатовимірних нормалізуючих перетворень. Розглянуто відповідні методи. Ці методи дозволяють враховувати кореляцію міжвипадковими величинами в разі нормалізації багатовимірних негаусівських даних. Загалом, це призводить до зменшення середньоївеличини відносної похибки, ширини довірчих інтервалів і інтервалів передбачення в порівнянні з лінійними моделями танелінійними моделями, побудованими з використанням одновимірних нормалізуючих перетворень.Результати. Здійснено порівняння побудованої моделі з моделями лінійної регресії та нелінійними регресіями на основідесяткового логарифму та одновимірного перетворення Джонсона.Висновки. Модель нелінійної регресії для оцінювання трудомісткості agile тестування для малих веб-проектів побудована наоснові багатовимірного перетворення Джонсона для сімейства SB . Ця модель в порівнянні з іншими регресійній моделі (яклінійними, так і нелінійними) має менше значення середнь, Актуальность. Оценивания трудоемкости тестирования программного обеспечения является одной из важных проблем вразработке программного обеспечения и жизненном цикле тестирования программного обеспечения. Объектом исследованияявляется процесс оценки трудоемкости agile тестирования для малых веб-проектов. Предметом исследования являются моделимножественной регрессии для оценки трудоемкости agile тестирования для малых веб-проектов.Цель. Цель работы – создание модели нелинейной регрессии для оценки трудоемкости agile тестирования для малых веб-проектов на основе многомерного нормализирующего преобразования Джонсона.Метод. Модель, доверительные интервалы и интервалы прогнозирования многомерной нелинейной регрессии для оценкитрудоемкости agile тестирования для малых веб-проектов построены на основе многомерного нормализирующего преобразованияДжонсона для негауссовских данных с помощью соответствующих методов. Методы построения моделей, уравнений,доверительных интервалов и интервалов предсказания нелинейных регрессий основаны на многократном нелинейномрегрессионном анализе с использованием многомерных нормализующих преобразований. Рассмотрены соответствующие методы.Методы позволяют учитывать корреляцию между случайными величинами в случае нормализации многомерных негауссовскихданных. В общем, это приводит к уменьшению средней величины относительной погрешности, ширины доверительных интервалови интервалов предсказания по сравнению с линейными моделями и нелинейными моделями, построенными с использованиемодномерных нормализующих преобразований.Результаты. Проведено сравнение построенной модели с линейной моделью и нелинейными регрессионными моделями наоснове десятичного логарифма и одномерного преобразования Джонсона.Выводы. Модель нелинейной регрессии для оценки трудоемкости agile тестирования для малых веб-проектов построена наоснове многомерного преобразования Джонсона для семейства SB . Эта модель по сравнению с другими регрессионнымимоделями (как линейными, так и нелине

Published
2019

7. [Untitled]

Author

V. A. Spitsyn, G. V. Pai, L. S. Bychkovskaia, S. B. Makarov, B. Pakendorf, and Larissa A. Tarskaia

Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification, biology, Proteinase inhibitor, Haptoglobin, Molecular biology, Blood proteins, chemistry, Transferrin, Genetics, Pi, biology.protein, Distribution (pharmacology), Gene, Allele frequency
Abstract

In Yakut populations examined, polymorphisms of immunological and serum protein markers, including AB0 and Rhesus blood groups, HP, TF, GC, PI and C3, were revealed. Gene frequencies for the systems studied fell into the following ranges: AB0 system: r, 0.514 to 0.663; p, 0.136 to 0.306; q, 0.110 to 0.337; haptoglobin HP*1: 0.214 to 0.431; transferrin TF*C: 0.700 to 1.0; group specific component GC*1: 0.821 to 0.978; PI*M1 proteinase inhibitor (or α1-antitrypsin) PI*M1: 0.860 to 0.946; and third component of the complement C3*F: 0.031 to 0.143.

Published
2002

8. A Study of Iron Targets Irradiated with12C4+and14N5+Ions

Author

S. B. Makarov, M. F. Kudoyarov, and I. E. Alekseev

Subjects
Nuclear reaction, Radionuclide, Nuclear transmutation, Chemistry, Annealing (metallurgy), Radiochemistry, Irradiation, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Spectroscopy, Ion
Abstract

The products of nuclear reactions, possible channels of their formation, and yields of transmutation radionuclides formed upon irradiation of iron targets with 12C4+ ions with the energy of 47.2/0 MeV and 14N5+ ions with the energy of 58.8/0 MeV were determined. The structural features of the metals upon irradiation and during isochronous post-radiation annealing of irradiated foils were studied by Muossbauer spectroscopy.

Published
2004

9. [Immunological parallels in the use of ultraviolet irradiation of autoblood in patients with suppurative diseases of soft tissue]

Author

V K, Ostrovskiĭ, S B, Makarov, A M, Satusheva, G E, Fadeeva, and T A, Ostrovskaia

Subjects
Adult, Erythrocytes, Suppuration, Adolescent, Ultraviolet Rays, Cellulitis, Middle Aged, Antibodies, Bacterial, Abscess, Blood, Leukocytes, Humans, Surgical Wound Infection, Skin Diseases, Infectious, Antibody-Producing Cells, Paronychia, Aged
Abstract

Ultraviolet irradiation of autoblood in patients with suppurative diseases of soft tissues increased the titer of specific antibacterial antibodies and the number of antibody-producing cells (APC), which was the most expressed in cases when the erythrocytes and leukocytes were exposed separately. Study of the count of APC during UV exposure showed it to increase 6-8 h after the procedure.

Published
1999

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