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The paper analyzes such important components of Chechen material culture of the 18th century as clothes, shoes, food, jewelry and crafts. During the period under consideration, the Chechen clothes had a lot of common Caucasian traits and at the same time had purely local, specific properties (signs) reflecting the moral, household and aesthetic tastes of the Chechens (chokhas, beshmets, robes, canvas, sheeting or silk shirts, canvas pants with leather stirrups, leather belts with metal buckles, etc.). The most common shoulder-worn upper garment of the Chechens was the burka, they also wore hats in accordance with the season. Their shoes were very similar to those of other North Caucasian peoples. Despite some local peculiarities, clothes of Chechen women also had a lot in common with clothes of women of the North Caucasus, etc. The sophisticated pieces of high jewelry and handicrafts, developed weaving and tanning industries, strong trade and economic relations with Oriental and European countries testify of the achieved level of Chechen material culture in the 18th century. For a long time, despite some certain changes in household activities, food of the Chechens and their main dishes have remained same and experienced no significant changes.

The article characterizes the unique high-rise monumental architectural structures of the 18th century - tower and crypt buildings on the territory of Chechnya that form a special complex of historic monuments and material artifacts of the Chechens. As compared to residential towers the military ones are the pinnacle of the ancient Chechens’ architecture and engineering. The Chechen military towers are especially distinguished by “mashikuls” - small protective balconies in the upper floor for successful defense - and large stylized depictions of crosses, snakes, animals and people carved in stone. Some of the tower complexes on the territory of Chechnya can be referred to as “castles” (Pakoch Castle in the valley of the Chanty-Argun river; Aldam-Gezi in the village of Kezenoy; a castle near Galanchozh). A substantial proportion of the architectural monuments in the mountainous areas of Chechnya are those of sepulchral nature - underground and semi-underground crypts as well as elevated ones (malkh-kash). At times the crypt constructions made up “towns of the dead” with houses of various shape and size - the local necropolises. Next to the “towns of the dead” Chechens used to build up sanctuaries - temples. There were two types of sanctuaries. In the 16th through the 18th centuries the pagan sanctuaries and Christian temples were replaced by Muslim mosques that were built of stone and retained features of the traditional architecture. During the period under consideration the Chechens’ settlements were located both in the mountains and on the plains. Living conditions on the plains were found more comfortable by the local population.