14 results on '"S. A., Polyzos"'
Search Results
2. Low muscle mass is linked with presence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease irrespective to central obesity: highlights from a prospective epidemiological study in Greece
- Author
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M Kouvari, S A Polyzos, C Chrysohoou, J Skoumas, C Pitsavos, C Mantzoros, and D B Panagiotakos
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Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine - Abstract
Background/Introduction The association between sarcopenia and nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) is highlighted in recent epidemiological studies, although results remain inconsistent. Purpose This study aimed to examine the association of low skeletal muscle mass with NAFL as well as the potential mediating effect of waist circumference on the examined association. Methods At baseline, 3,042 participants from the Attica region of Greece were recruited. NAFL was assessed through hepatic steatosis index (HSI). Skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) was indirectly calculated using a standard validated procedure. Results Ranking from 1st to 3rd SMI tertiles NAFL rate was 45%, 33% and 22%, respectively (p Conclusions Increasing SMI was associated with lower rates of NAFL independently to abdominal obesity, whereas the two interact as key determinants of NAFL. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding sources: Other. Main funding source(s): Hellenic Society of Cardiology
- Published
- 2022
3. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease through the female lifespan: the role of sex hormones
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K, Pafili, S A, Paschou, E, Armeni, S A, Polyzos, D G, Goulis, and I, Lambrinoudaki
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Tamoxifen ,Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ,Risk Factors ,Longevity ,Humans ,Breast Neoplasms ,Female ,Gonadal Steroid Hormones - Abstract
The prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) differs between various stages of the female lifespan. The aim of this review is to summarize current evidence on the association of NAFLD and circulating sex hormones and to explore the pathogenesis of NAFLD within the context of (1) sex hormone changes during the reproductive, post-reproductive female life and beyond and (2) the in vitro and in vivo evidence on pharmacological modulation in women on menopausal hormone treatment (MHT) or endocrine therapy after breast cancer. The fluctuation in estrogen concentrations, the relative androgen excess, and the age-related reduction in sex hormone-binding globulin are related to increased NAFLD risk. Moreover, the peri-menopausal changes in body composition and insulin resistance might contribute to the increased NAFLD risk. Whether MHT prevents or improves NAFLD in this population remains an open question. Studies in women with breast cancer treated with tamoxifen or non-steroidal aromatase inhibitors point to their adverse effects on NAFLD development, although a more pronounced effect of tamoxifen is reported. Future studies focusing on the underlying pathogenesis should identify subgroups with the highest risk of NAFLD development and progression into more aggressive forms, as well as elucidate the role of hormone therapies, such as MHT.
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- 2021
4. Commentary: are blood and saliva sources of COVID-19 spread?
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A, Papaefthymiou, M, Doulberis, S A, Polyzos, I, Romiopoulos, Α, Berdeni, C, Zavos, E, Vardaka, M, Tzitiridou, and J, Kountouras
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Greece ,SARS-CoV-2 ,COVID-19 ,Humans ,Hepatitis B ,Saliva - Published
- 2021
5. Microbes and Alzheimer' disease: lessons from H. pylori and GUT microbiota
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M, Doulberis, A, Papaefthymiou, S A, Polyzos, M, Boziki, G, Deretzi, E, Giartza-Taxidou, E, Vardaka, N, Grigoriadis, T, Katsinelos, M, Touloumtzi, K, Papanikopoulou, K, Anastasiadou, S, Georgopoulos, E, Dardiotis, S, Anastasiadis, P, Katsinelos, and J, Kountouras
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Inflammation ,Amyloid ,Helicobacter pylori ,Microbiota ,Gastrointestinal Microbiome ,Helicobacter Infections ,Settore MED/26 - NEUROLOGIA ,Alzheimer Disease ,Alzheimer' disease ,H. pylori ,Molecular mimicry ,Pharmacology (medical) ,Humans - Published
- 2019
6. Comment on 'The correlation of Helicobacter pylori with the development of cholelithiasis and cholecystitis: the results of a prospective clinical study in Saudi Arabia'
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J, Kountouras, E, Tsiaousi, S, Trigonis, S A, Polyzos, P, Katsinelos, C, Zavos, E, Vardaka, C, Kountouras, E, Gavalas, K, Anastasiadou, E, Vlachaki, M, Boziki, C, Zeglinas, I, Venizelos, and G, Deretzi
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Male ,Helicobacter pylori ,Cholelithiasis ,Cholecystitis ,Humans ,Female ,Antibodies, Bacterial - Published
- 2016
7. Serum alpha-fetoprotein in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
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S A, Polyzos and J, Kountouras
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Fatty Liver ,Greece ,Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ,Case-Control Studies ,Humans ,Female ,alpha-Fetoproteins ,Follow-Up Studies - Published
- 2013
8. Obesity and thyroid cancer: epidemiologic associations and underlying mechanisms
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K, Pazaitou-Panayiotou, S A, Polyzos, and C S, Mantzoros
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Male ,Adipokines ,Adipose Tissue ,Risk Factors ,Humans ,Female ,Comorbidity ,Obesity ,Thyroid Neoplasms - Abstract
The incidence of thyroid cancer has been rising over the past few decades along with a parallel increase in obesity. Observational studies have provided evidence for a potential association between the two. By contrast, clinical data for a link between type 2 diabetes mellitus, a condition strongly associated with obesity, and thyroid cancer are limited and largely not supportive of such an association. Obesity leads to hypoadiponectinemia, a pro-inflammatory state, and insulin resistance, which, in turn, leads to high circulating insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 levels, thereby possibly increasing the risk for thyroid cancer. Thus, insulin resistance possibly plays a pivotal role in underlying the observed association between obesity and thyroid cancer, potentially leading to the development and/or progression of thyroid cancer, through its interconnections with other factors including insulin-like growth factor-1, adipocytokines/cytokines and thyroid-stimulating hormone. In this review, epidemiological and clinical evidence and potential mechanisms underlying the proposed association between obesity and thyroid cancer risk are reviewed. If the association between obesity and thyroid cancer demonstrated in observational studies proves to be causal, targeting obesity (and/or downstream mediators of risk) could be of importance in the prevention and management of thyroid cancer.
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- 2013
9. Rare potential complications of thyroid fine needle biopsy
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S A, Polyzos and A D, Anastasilakis
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endocrine system diseases ,Review Article - Abstract
Thyroid fine needle biopsy (FNB) is the procedure of choice for the management of thyroid nodules. Serious complications after FNB are rare, but there is also an underestimation of complication risk because of record, selection and publication biases.Apart from the well-documented post-FNB complications, we hypothesized that there are potential complications following FNB, albeit supported by limited evidence in the literature. According to our hypothesis, there may be five distinct expected rare complications: 1) cyst fluid leakage; 2) anaphylactic reaction; 3) pneumothorax; 4) thromboembolism and 5) needle tract seeding of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) or thyroid lymphoma.Cyst fluid leakage and pneumothorax may be of minimal clinical significance. Needle tract seeding of MTC or thyroid lymphoma may not have significant clinical consequences, if someone considers the easiness and effectiveness of surgical removal of needle tract seeding in cases of differentiated thyroid carcinoma. On the contrary, anaphylactic reaction or thromboembolism may be life-threatening. The performers of thyroid FNB are hereby encouraged to publish these complications, if they ever occur, because awareness of them could render FNB even safer.
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- 2011
10. Acromegaly: presentation, morbidity and treatment outcomes at a single centre
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P, Anagnostis, Z A, Efstathiadou, S A, Polyzos, F, Adamidou, A, Slavakis, M, Sapranidis, I D, Litsas, S, Katergari, D, Selalmatzidou, and M, Kita
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Adenoma ,Adult ,Blood Glucose ,Male ,Human Growth Hormone ,Middle Aged ,Combined Modality Therapy ,Treatment Outcome ,Acromegaly ,Humans ,Female ,Pituitary Neoplasms ,Insulin-Like Growth Factor I ,Follow-Up Studies ,Retrospective Studies - Abstract
Analysis of patients with acromegaly followed-up at a single centre, focusing on baseline characteristics, morbidity and efficacy of treatment.Retrospective review of electronic medical records of acromegalics from 1987 to 2009.One hundred and fifteen patients (45 men), aged 47 ± 14 years, with a mean follow-up of 8.8 ± 0.8 years were studied. Twenty-five per cent had micro- and 75% macroadenomas. Forty-three per cent presented with visual field defects, 49% had hypertension, 25% diabetes mellitus and 35% dyslipidaemia. At follow-up, 50% had myocardial hypertrophy, 55% colon polypodiasis, 74% nodular thyroid disease and 18% adrenal masses. Surgery was performed in 79% (8% twice), followed by conventional radiotherapy in 27%. Fifty-two per cent of the patients achieved remission. Disease control was reported in 65% of microadenomas and 41% of macroadenomas. Remission rates with surgery alone were 41%. Improvement of remission rates was achieved with subsequent treatment with somatostatin analogues (SSA) (53%), or conventional radiotherapy (63%). Nevertheless, pituitary reserve was compromised with the latter. SSA significantly improved outcomes in microadenomas, even as a monotherapy (remission in 89%), in contrast to macroadenomas (0%), although these agents were associated with impaired glucose metabolism and cholelithiasis in half of the patients.Acromegaly is associated with an increased morbidity. About half of the treated patients achieved remission (2/3 of microadenomas). The best outcomes were reported for the combination of surgery with radiotherapy, in spite of a higher risk of hypopituitarism. SSA led to remission in a significant percentage of microadenomas, but was associated with increased rates of cholelithiasis and impaired glucose homeostasis.
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- 2011
11. Comparative effects of rosuvastatin and atorvastatin on glucose metabolism and adipokine levels in non-diabetic patients with dyslipidaemia: a prospective randomised open-label study
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P, Anagnostis, D, Selalmatzidou, S A, Polyzos, A, Panagiotou, A, Slavakis, A, Panagiotidou, V G, Athyros, A, Karagiannis, D P, Mikhailidis, and M, Kita
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Blood Glucose ,Sulfonamides ,Middle Aged ,Fluorobenzenes ,Cholesterol ,Pyrimidines ,Adipokines ,Heptanoic Acids ,Atorvastatin ,Humans ,Insulin ,Female ,Pyrroles ,Prospective Studies ,Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors ,Rosuvastatin Calcium ,Triglycerides ,Aged ,Dyslipidemias - Abstract
The impact of statins on glucose metabolism and adipokines remains controversial. We compared the effects of rosuvastatin and atorvastatin on glucose homeostasis, insulin sensitivity (IS), adiponectin and leptin levels as well as systemic inflammation in non-diabetic patients with dyslipidaemia.Thirty-six patients were randomly assigned to 10 mg/day of rosuvastatin (n = 18) or 20 mg/day of atorvastatin (n = 18) for 12 weeks. Total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), non-HDL-C, triglycerides (TG), fasting plasma glucose, insulin, homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), quantitative IS check index (QUICKI), adiponectin, leptin and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) were measured at baseline and after 4 and 12 weeks.Both statins significantly lowered TC, LDL-C, non-HDL-C and TG compared with baseline. Only rosuvastatin caused a significant reduction in insulin and HOMA-IR levels (-35%, p = 0.005 and -33%, p = 0.011 respectively) and a significant increase in QUICKI (+11%, p = 0.003) at 12 weeks. In terms of adipokines and hsCRP, no difference was observed after 4 and 12 weeks of treatment with either statin.Rosuvastatin compared with atorvastatin resulted in significant improvements in IS indices. No significant changes in adiponectin, leptin or hsCRP levels were observed at 4 and 12 weeks of treatment with either statin.
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- 2011
12. Pituitary incidentalomas: a single-centre experience
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P, Anagnostis, F, Adamidou, S A, Polyzos, Z, Efstathiadou, A, Panagiotou, and M, Kita
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Adenoma ,Adult ,Aged, 80 and over ,Male ,Incidental Findings ,Adolescent ,Headache Disorders ,Vision Disorders ,Middle Aged ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Hypopituitarism ,Young Adult ,Humans ,Female ,Pituitary Neoplasms ,Tomography, X-Ray Computed ,Aged ,Retrospective Studies - Abstract
Pituitary incidentalomas (PIs) are diagnosed in about 10% of the patients undergoing radiological investigation for non-pituitary disorders. The aim of this study was to describe the morphological and hormonal characteristics of PIs in a cohort of patients, followed up in a single centre from 1982-2009.Retrospective analysis of electronic medical records of patients with PIs was carried out. All patients underwent basal and dynamic evaluation of the hypothalamus-pituitary axis. Mass size was assessed at yearly intervals.Sixty-one patients (38 men/23 women, aged 53±2 years) were studied. The mean follow-up time was 48±8 months, and mean size of PIs was 20±2 mm. Twelve PIs (20%) were microadenomas, 48 (78%) were macroadenomas and one (2%) was a Rathke's cyst. The most common reasons that led to their discovery were headaches, dizziness, syncope, stroke and head injury. Forty-seven of the 61 PIs (77%) were non-functioning, 11 (18%) prolactinomas, and two (3%) GH-secreting adenomas. Hypopituitarism was present in 12% at diagnosis. Forty-eight per cent of the patients were submitted to surgery with conventional radiotherapy in 8%. Relapse in size was observed in 48% of the surgically treated patients. Of the PIs followed conservatively, 78% remained stable, 11% showed decrease and 11% increase in size during follow up. Hypopituitarism rose to 57% postoperatively.Majority of PIs are non-functioning adenomas that remain stable in size. Relapse in size and hypopituitarism postoperatively are common. PIs, for which conservative management was initially considered appropriate, did not progress in size.
- Published
- 2011
13. Head-to-head comparison of risedronate vs. teriparatide on bone turnover markers in women with postmenopausal osteoporosis: a randomised trial
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A D, Anastasilakis, D G, Goulis, S A, Polyzos, S, Gerou, G N, Koukoulis, Z, Efstathiadou, M, Kita, and A, Avramidis
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Absorptiometry, Photon ,Lumbar Vertebrae ,Bone Density Conservation Agents ,Teriparatide ,Humans ,Etidronic Acid ,Female ,Bone Remodeling ,Risedronic Acid ,Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal ,Aged - Abstract
We aimed to compare the effect of risedronate (RIS) and teriparatide (TPTD) (recombinant human parathyroid hormone 1-34) on bone turnover markers in women with postmenopausal osteoporosis.Forty-four Caucasian women (age 65.1 +/- 1.6 years) with postmenopausal osteoporosis were randomly assigned to receive either RIS 35 mg once weekly (n = 22) or TPTD 20 microg once daily (n = 22) for 12 months. Serum N-terminal propeptide of type 1 collagen (P1NP), C-terminal telopeptide of type 1 collagen (CTx), total alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) were obtained from all women before, 3 and 6 months after treatment initiation. Lumbar spine bone mineral density (BMD) was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry before and 12 months after treatment initiation.P1NP, CTx and total ALP levels decreased in RIS group (p0.001) and increased in TPTD group (p0.001) throughout the treatment. iPTH increased significantly in RIS group (p0.05) and decreased in TPTD group (p0.001). Finally, lumbar spine BMD increased significantly in both RIS (p = 0.003) and TPTD groups (p0.001) without significant differences between them.Our data suggest that both serum P1NP and CTx are reliable markers of RIS and TPTD action in women with postmenopausal osteoporosis. In a similar way, serum total ALP can be used as an alternative marker for monitoring both RIS and TPTD action, while iPTH can be used only for TPTD-treated women. The increase in P1NP and CTx after 3 months of treatment with RIS or TPTD can predict the increase in BMD after 12 months of treatment.
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- 2008
14. Investigating the role of Natural Killer T-cells in Gram negative infections of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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P., Karagianni, S. A., Polyzos, D., Bougiouklis, A., Tsapas, and K., Paletas
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PEOPLE with diabetes , *GRAM-negative bacterial diseases , *KILLER cells , *T cell receptors , *NATURAL immunity , *CYTOKINES , *DIAGNOSIS - Abstract
Background: Invariant Natural Killer T (iNKT) cells belong to innate immunity and combine T-cell receptor specificity with Natural Killer surface markers. They can produce cytokines immediately after stimulation and direct immunity to either Th1 or Th2 cytokine production. iNKT cells participate in a variety of immune responses, such as microbial infections, autoimmunity, and cancer. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) has been associated with activated innate immunity and certain cytokine profile during microbial infections. This study aimed to evaluate whether iNKT cells have a role in the immune response of T2DM patients during infections with gram-negative bacteria. Method: The T2DM group consisted of patients (n =11) who had a diagnosis of T2DM for at least six months and febrile illness for three days, while the control group consisted of patients (n =11) who had not T2DM, but were febrile for three days. All patients were infected by gram-negative bacteria. Physical examination was performed, and peripheral blood was drawn on days three and six of febrile illness. Flow cytometry was utilized for iNKT cell identification with monoclonal antibodies Phycoerythrin (PE) - Cyanin (CY) 5 anti-Human CD3, Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) anti-Human CD4, PE anti-human invariant NKT T-Cell Receptor. For intracellular staining, we used Alexa Fluor anti-Human interferon-? (IFN-?) and Allophycocyanin (APC) anti-human interleukin-4 (IL-4). The variables processed were: CD3+IL-4+iNKT+, CD4+IL-4+iNKT+, CD3+IFN?+iNKT+, CD4+IFN?+i???+, CD3+iNKT+, CD4+iNKT+,CD3+IL4+, CD4+IL-4+, CD3+IFN?+, CD4+IFN?+ on days three and six of febrile illness (CD3+, CD4+: T lymphocyte surface markers, iNKT+: invariant Natural Killer T- Cell Receptor, IL4+: interleukin 4, IFNγ+: interferon γ). Results: Comparisons between T2DM patients and controls revealed no statistically significant difference in any of the study's variable. Regarding within T2DM patients comparisons CD4+IL4+iNKT+, CD3+IL4+iNKT+, CD4+IFN+iNKT+, CD3+IFN+iNKT+, and CD3+iNKT+ decreased, whereas CD3+IL4+ was increased at day six compared to day three. Within control group CD4+IL4+iNKT+, CD3+IL4+iNKT+, and CD3+iNKT+ were decreased, whereas CD4+IFN+, CD3+IFN+ were increased at day six compared to day three. Conclusion: The absence of statistical difference between T2DM patients and controls implies that the role of iNKT cells is virtually the same in both groups of patients during the course of gram-negative infections and that there is no numerical variance of this cell population between the two groups. Despite the small sample size, we notice that all iNKT parameters (both IL4/IFN?) are suppressed in the T2DM group during the later phase, but only those concerning IL4+iNKT+ in the control group, suggesting that IFN? production remains elevated in the controls. A compensatory anti-inflammatory type-response could provide an explanation for the prevalence of IL4 production during the later phase of infection in T2DM and the sustained production of IFN? in controls. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
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