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A 35-year-old male patient presented to the hospital with binocular blurred vision for 2 weeks. The visual acuity of both eyes was 0.8. Fundus examination showed multiple yellow-white punctate lesions in the posterior pole of both eyes. OCT showed cystoid edema and submacular edema, thickening of ellipsoid zone and enhancement of reflex in macular region. Fundus autofluorescence showed strong autofluorescence at the lesion site. Fundus fluorescein angiography showed no fluorescence leakage in the lesion area. The patient was diagnosed with acute exudative polymorphous vitelliform maculopathy based on medical history, ocular multimodal examination and general examination. The patient was not given special treatment, but one week later, the lesion was fused and expanded, and the macular edema was worse than before.患者男性，35岁，因自觉双眼视物模糊2周就诊。双眼视力0.8，眼底检查可见双眼后极部多发黄白色斑点状病灶；相干光层析成像术检查结果显示黄斑区神经上皮层间多囊样积液及神经上皮层下积液，椭圆体带增厚、反射增强；眼底自发荧光显示病变部位为高自发荧光；荧光素眼底血管造影结果未见病变区域荧光素渗漏。结合病史、眼部多模式检查及全身检查情况，诊断为急性渗出性多形性卵黄样黄斑病变。患者未给予特殊治疗，1周后复查病灶部分有融合、扩大，黄斑区水肿情况较前加重。.

The interplay between various symmetries and electronic bands topology is one of the core issues for topological quantum materials. Spontaneous magnetism, which leads to the breaking of time-reversal symmetry, has been proven to be a powerful approach to trigger various exotic topological phases. In this Letter, utilizing the combination of angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, magneto-optical Kerr effect microscopy, and first-principles calculations, we present the direct evidence on the realization of the long-sought spontaneous ferromagnetism induced topological transition in soft ferromagnetic EuB_{6}. Explicitly, we reveal the topological transition is from Z_{2}=1 topological insulator in paramagnetic state to χ=1 magnetic topological semimetal in low temperature ferromagnetic state. Our results demonstrate that the simple band structure near the Fermi level and rich topological phases make EuB_{6} an ideal platform to study the topological phase physics.

子宫内膜增生多见于育龄期妇女，常见症状为异常子宫出血。本文汇总、整理子宫内膜增生相关研究，总结子宫内膜增生的高危因素、临床表现、评估和诊断、病理分型、治疗、随访以及患者长期管理、宣教等方面的循证医学证据，建立本指南，旨在为临床医师提供规范方案，促进女性健康和生育功能保护。.

The spin-momentum locking of surface states in topological materials can produce a resistance that scales linearly with magnetic and electric fields. Such a bilinear magnetoelectric resistance (BMER) effect offers a new approach for information reading and field sensing applications, but the effects demonstrated so far are too weak or for low temperatures. This article reports the first observation of BMER effects in topological Dirac semimetals; the BMER responses were measured at room temperature and were substantially stronger than those reported previously. The experiments used topological Dirac semimetal α-Sn thin films grown on silicon substrates. The films showed BMER responses that are 10 6 times larger than previously measured at room temperature and are also larger than those previously obtained at low temperatures. These results represent a major advance toward realistic BMER applications. Significantly, the data also yield the first characterization of three-dimensional Fermi-level spin texture of topological surface states in α-Sn.

A topological insulator (TI) interfaced with a magnetic insulator (MI) may host an anomalous Hall effect (AHE), a quantum AHE, and a topological Hall effect (THE). Recent studies, however, suggest that coexisting magnetic phases in TI/MI heterostructures may result in an AHE-associated response that resembles a THE but in fact is not. This Letter reports a genuine THE in a TI/MI structure that has only one magnetic phase. The structure shows a THE in the temperature range of T = 2-3 K and an AHE at T = 80-300 K. Over T = 3-80 K, the two effects coexist but show opposite temperature dependencies. Control measurements, calculations, and simulations together suggest that the observed THE originates from skyrmions, rather than the coexistence of two AHE responses. The skyrmions are formed due to a Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI) at the interface; the DMI strength estimated is substantially higher than that in heavy metal-based systems.

Congenital abnormalities of the biliary system are a consideration in children with biliary symptomatology. The preoperative diagnosis rate is still not satisfactory, despite progresses made in imaging technology, with the potential of biliary tract injury if surgery is indicated. The double gallbladder is a rare developmental abnormality of the biliary tract with several anatomical variations. This abnormality was accurately delineated in a 7-year-old child by MRI/MRCP, allowing the ductal anatomy to be accurately identified and safe laparoscopic cholecystectomies to be performed.

Discoveries of interfacial topological Hall effect (THE) provide an ideal platform for exploring physics arising from the interplay between topology and magnetism. The interfacial topological Hall effect is closely related to the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI) at interface and topological spin textures. However, it is difficult to achieve a sizable THE in heterostructures due to the stringent constraints on the constituents of THE heterostructures such as strong spin-orbit coupling (SOC). Here we report the observation of a giant THE signal of 1.39 $\mu\Omega\cdot$cm in the van der Waals heterostructures of CrTe2/Bi2Te3 fabricated by molecular beam epitaxy, a prototype of two-dimensional (2D) ferromagnet (FM)/topological insulator (TI). This large magnitude of THE is attributed to an optimized combination of 2D ferromagnetism in CrTe2, strong SOC in Bi2Te3, and an atomically sharp interface. Our work reveals CrTe2/Bi2Te3 as a convenient platform for achieving large interfacial THE in hybrid systems, which could be utilized to develop quantum science and high-density information storage., Comment: 5 figures and 1 table

随着医学技术的发展，新的检查方法及设备层出不穷，临床诊疗越来越依赖辅助检查，细致详尽的、充满人文关怀的病史询问及经典的视、触、叩、听则有被边缘化的趋势。临床诊疗中，合理与适宜的检查是必需的，但“好的病史是临床检查的基础”，选择有针对性的辅助检查并解读其报告，应建立在详尽准确的病史基础之上。仅通过全面而有技巧的问诊，可以区分90%以上的症状是眩晕或是非旋转性头晕，可以基本明确70%~80%头晕/眩晕患者的病因，但头晕/眩晕病史采集并非易事，其涵盖疾病和内容非常广泛，需花费很长时间。如何在有限时间内有所侧重，在繁忙的临床工作中更高效地采集到更准确的信息？本文从头晕/眩晕诊疗思路入手，介绍面对不同患者的问诊策略。.

Description, Applying heat to a magnetoelectric antiferromagnet enables an electric field control of magnon spin currents., Pure spin currents can be generated via thermal excitations of magnons. These magnon spin currents serve as carriers of information in insulating materials, and controlling them using electrical means may enable energy efficient information processing. Here, we demonstrate electric field control of magnon spin currents in the antiferromagnetic insulator Cr2O3. We show that the thermally driven magnon spin currents reveal a spin-flop transition in thin-film Cr2O3. Crucially, this spin-flop can be turned on or off by applying an electric field across the thickness of the film. Using this tunability, we demonstrate electric field–induced switching of the polarization of magnon spin currents by varying only a gate voltage while at a fixed magnetic field. We propose a model considering an electric field–dependent spin-flop transition, arising from a change in sublattice magnetizations via a magnetoelectric coupling. These results provide a different approach toward controlling magnon spin current in antiferromagnets.

Discoveries of the interfacial topological Hall effect (THE) provide an ideal platform for exploring the physics arising from the interplay between topology and magnetism. The interfacial topological Hall effect is closely related to the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI) at an interface and topological spin textures. However, it is difficult to achieve a sizable THE in heterostructures due to the stringent constraints on the constituents of THE heterostructures, such as strong spin-orbit coupling (SOC). Here, we report the observation of a giant THE signal of 1.39 μΩ·cm in the van der Waals heterostructures of CrTe

耳源性眩晕占所有眩晕病例的半数以上，其致病机制复杂，涉及多个感觉系统和中枢信息整合，临床诊断与疗效分析普遍缺乏客观指标。前庭相关中枢网络是形成眩晕感知的最终部位，其功能改变可能是眩晕的后果及其症状慢性持续的潜在原因。脑功能评估技术从高级中枢角度探索了耳源性眩晕的特征，证实了患者的皮层多感觉前庭皮质网络发生了活动性及功能连通性改变，为临床认识提供了新的视角。本文阐述了耳源性眩晕脑功能改变的研究进展，并着重探讨脑电图在此领域的应用现状与前景。.

The characteristics and formation mechanism of calcite cements in the tight sandstone of the Jurassic Lianggaoshan Formation in the northeastern Central Sichuan Basin were analysed using petrograph...

Two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals (vdWs) materials have gathered a lot of attention recently. However, the majority of these materials have Curie temperatures that are well below room temperature, making it challenging to incorporate them into device applications. In this work, we synthesized a room-temperature vdW magnetic crystal Fe$_5$GeTe$_2$ with a Curie temperature T$_c = 332$ K, and studied its magnetic properties by vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM) and broadband ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) spectroscopy. The experiments were performed with external magnetic fields applied along the c-axis (H$\parallel$c) and the ab-plane (H$\parallel$ab), with temperatures ranging from 300 K to 10 K. We have found a sizable Land\'e g-factor difference between the H$\parallel$c and H$\parallel$ab cases. In both cases, the Land\'e g-factor values deviated from g = 2. This indicates contribution of orbital angular momentum to the magnetic moment. The FMR measurements reveal that Fe$_5$GeTe$_2$ has a damping constant comparable to Permalloy. With reducing temperature, the linewidth was broadened. Together with the VSM data, our measurements indicate that Fe$_5$GeTe$_2$ transitions from ferromagnetic to ferrimagnetic at lower temperatures. Our experiments highlight key information regarding the magnetic state and spin scattering processes in Fe$_5$GeTe$_2$, which promote the understanding of magnetism in Fe$_5$GeTe$_2$, leading to implementations of Fe$_5$GeTe$_2$ based room-temperature spintronic devices.

The aim of the study was to examine the influence of femoral shaft fracture on systemic inflammation and gut microbiome in adolescent rats and evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) and its regulation of intestinal flora, as well as illustrate the mechanism by which LGG ameliorates the inflammatory response and restores intestinal dysbacteriosis.Twenty-four male Sprague Dawley rats of 5 to 6 weeks of age were subjected to a standard femoral shaft fracture and internally fixed with LGG supplementation in advance or on the same day of injury or with saline solution for 1 week. The levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10, and CRP were assessed using standard protocols. Furthermore, gut microbiota composition was analyzed in the fecal samples using 16S rDNA gene sequencing, and the relationship between gut microbiota variation and inflammatory response was tested.The serum indices of the above-mentioned inflammatory cytokines were significantly increased, and the gut microbial balance was significantly disturbed in adolescent rats by diaphyseal fractures of the femur and surgery. Moreover, L. rhamnosus strains manipulated the gut microbiota by decreasing the relative abundance of Proteobacteria and increasing that of Firmicutes, Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes, which in turn increased the levels of IL-10 and alleviated the levels of IL-6, CRP, and TNF-α.LGG exhibited anti-inflammatory effects by alleviating the inflammatory response and regulating the gut microbiota in adolescent rats who underwent skeletal fracture and surgery. Our results suggested that the L. rhamnosus strains could be considered as an alternative dietary supplement for the prevention or treatment of skeletal injury and its associated complications.

Antiferromagnets are beneficial for future spintronic applications due to their zero magnetic moment and ultrafast dynamics. But gaining direct access to their antiferromagnetic order and identifying the properties of individual magnetic sublattices, especially in thin films and small-scale devices, remains a formidable challenge. So far, the existing read-out techniques such as anisotropic magnetoresistance, tunneling anisotropic magnetoresistance, and spin-Hall magnetoresistance, are even functions of sublattice magnetization and thus allow us to detect different orientations of the N\'eel order for antiferromagnets with multiple easy axes. In contrast direct electrical detection of oppositely oriented spin states along the same easy axes (e.g., in uniaxial antiferromagnets) requires sensitivity to the direction of individual sublattices and thus is more difficult. In this study, using spin Seebeck effect, we report the electrical detection of the two sublattices in a uniaxial antiferromagnet Cr2O3. We find the rotational symmetry and hysteresis behavior of the spin Seebeck signals measured at the top and bottom surface reflect the dierction of the surface sublattice moments, but not the N\'eel order or the net moment in the bulk. Our results demonstrate the important role of interface spin sublattices in generating the spin Seebeck voltages, which provide a way to access each sublattice independently, enables us to track the full rotation of the magnetic sublattice, and distinguish different and antiparallel antiferromagnetic states in uniaxial antiferromagnets.

近年来肺高血压越来越受到重视，其与多个学科数十种疾病相关。目前根据病因不同将肺高血压分为五大类，许多中心不同学科相继开展了肺高血压的分类诊断与治疗，然而分类诊断的准确率有待进一步提高。尤其是特发性肺动脉高压（IPAH），作为第一大类肺动脉高压的一个亚型，其诊断需排除所有其他类型肺高血压以及其他亚型肺动脉高压，是肺高血压诊断中的难点和重点。该文提出了“3P”诊断路径以确诊IPAH，以期提高临床上IPAH诊断的准确率。.

Human heart rhythm is mainly regulated and controlled by the sinoatrial node. Fibrosis plays an important regulating role in adjusting the structural and functional integrity of the sinoatrial node pacemaker complex. In physiological state, the fibrosis degree of sinoatrial node is negatively correlated with heart rate, positively correlated with age and heart size, and can maintain a relatively stable heart rate. Pathological fibrosis of sinoatrial node can induce various types of arrhythmias which can result in sudden death. Determination of the mechanisms related to sinoatrial node pathological fibrosis could provide a target for clinical treatment of sinoatrial node fibrosis and diagnosis basis for forensic pathologists. This paper reviews the main mechanism of sinoatrial node pathological fibrosis, including abnormal activation of cardiac fibroblast cells in sinoatrial node, hyperplasia of epicardial adipose tissue, calcium clock disorder, artery stenosis, etc., introduces the test methods, diagnostic criteria as well as its role in sudden cardiac death and discusses the potential application, to provide reference for relevant research and application.窦房结病理性纤维化的研究进展.人类心脏节律主要受窦房结调控，纤维化对窦房结起搏复合体的结构和功能完整性有重要调节作用。在生理状态下，窦房结中纤维化的量与心率呈负相关，与年龄、心脏大小呈正相关，并可维持心率相对稳定。窦房结病理性纤维化可能导致不同类型的心律失常引起猝死。明确窦房结病理性纤维化相关机制将为临床治疗窦房结纤维化提供靶点，也可为法医病理学工作者提供诊断依据。本文回顾了窦房结病理性纤维化的主要机制，包括窦房结内心脏成纤维细胞异常激活、心外膜脂肪组织增生、钙钟紊乱、血管狭窄等，介绍其检验方法、诊断标准及在心脏性猝死中的作用，探讨其潜在的应用领域，为相关研究、应用提供参考。.法医病理学；窦房结；纤维化；猝死；综述.