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Pentadentate Schiff base ligand(N,N-bis(2-hydroxy-1-naphthylidene) diethylenetriamine) (H2L) that exhibits a N3O2 donor set. Five rare earth complexes lanthanide (III), praseodymium (III), neodymium(III), samarium(III)and europium (III) complexes are synthesized and characterized based on elemental analyses, molar conductance, infrared, ultraviolet, thermo gravimetric, X-ray powder diffraction and mass spectral studies. Molar conductivity data suggests that the complexes are 1:1 electrolytics. Infrared spectral data suggest that the ligand binds through two naptholic oxygen atoms, two azomethine nitrogen atoms and one primary amine. IR studies reveal that the complexes contain both coordinating and ionic nitrate ligands. Thermal decomposition studies indicate the presence of two nitrate ions and two water molecules in the inner coordination sphere. Eu3+ and Sm3+ complexes exhibit luminescence properties. Further, the binding properties of these complexes with calf-thymus DNA have been investigated using absorption spectrophotometry.

Our framework gives a Smart Irrigation System (SIS) by detecting the dampness content as it turns the engine ON/OFF automatically. Presently a-days, the Internet of Things (IoT) assumes a noteworthy part in many fields via computerizing the application. In agribusiness, the utilization of right and reasonable technique for water system to the product is essential by checking the amount of water appropriate to affirm the water substance of it. The benefit of utilizing this innovation is to lessen human intercession and still guarantee legitimate water system, utilizing sun powered boards to save and change over vitality, to defeat the flooding and to make keen water system. In this innovation the level of water and dampness is absolutely controlled with no power cut off. This will help the poor agriculturist to decrease the weight of manual exchanging ON/OFF. It will likewise lessen undesirable water asset and power utilization. This framework has a propelled highlight to stay away from surge which is the fundamental arrangement amid catastrophic event and water flood.

Background: There are limited clinical experiments addressing the effects of photodynamic therapy (PDT) and low-level laser therapy (LLLT) as an adjunct to conventional scaling and root planing (SRP) alone. Aim: The aim of this clinical trial was to evaluate the clinical effects of adjunctive use of PDT, combination of PDT with LLLT as adjunct to conventional SRP alone in the treatment of chronic periodontitis. Materials and Methods: In a single-centered randomized and controlled clinical trial, 24 patients (15 males and 9 females) with untreated chronic periodontitis were randomly assigned in a split-mouth design into three treatment groups which included Group I: SRP only, Group II: SRP and PDT (1% methylene blue [MB] solution), and Group III: SRP, PDT, and LLLT. Clinical parameters such as plaque index, gingival index, modified sulcular bleeding index, probing depth (PD), and clinical attachment level (CAL) were measured at baseline, 1, 3, and 6 months after therapy. Results: Within each group, significant improvements (P < 0.001) were found for all variables in 6-month follow-up compared with baseline. The improvement in clinical parameters was significantly greater in Group III compared to Group I and Group II. The mean PD (mm) reduction from baseline to 6 months in Group I was 2.50 ± 0.54, Group II was 2.57 ± 0.53, and Group III was 3.14 ± 0.50. The mean CAL (mm) gain from baseline to 6 months in Group I was 2.63 ± 0.47, Group II was 2.55 ± 0.44, and Group III was 3.07 ± 0.55. Conclusion: In patients with chronic periodontitis, a combination of a single application of PDT (using a 980 nm laser and MB) and LLLT provide additional benefit to SRP in terms of clinical parameters 6 months following the intervention.

Background: Recent developments suggest that the local delivery of antimicrobials into periodontal pockets can improve periodontal health. The present study was undertaken to investigate the clinical and microbiologic effectiveness of azithromycin (AZM) at 0.5% concentration in an indigenously prepared bioabsorbable controlled-release gel as an adjunct to non-surgical mechanical therapy in the treatment of chronic periodontitis. Methods: Eighty patients were categorized into two treatment groups: scaling and root planing (SRP) only (group 1) and SRP plus 0.5% AZM (group 2). Clinical parameters were recorded at baseline and 1, 2, and 3 months; they included modified gingival index, modified sulcus bleeding index, probing depth (PD), and clinical attachment level (CAL). At baseline and 6 and 12 weeks, microbiologic assessment was done of the percentage of morphologically different microorganisms (coccoid cells, others [straight rods, filaments, and fusiforms], motile rods, and spirochetes) using darkfield microscopy. The mean concentration of 0.5% AZM in gingival crevicular fluid was estimated by reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography. Results: Both therapies resulted in significant improvements. Mean PD reduction from baseline to 3 months was 2.13 ± 0.35 mm and 2.53 ± 0.52 in groups 1 and 2, respectively. Mean CAL gain from baseline to 3 months was 0.60 ± 0.63 mm and 1.07 ± 0.70 mm in groups 1 and 2, respectively. All microbiologic categories showed significant improvement in both groups, with greater improvement in the test group. The mean concentration of AZM at all observed periods (baseline to 28 days) provided sufficient antimicrobial activity (>2 μg/ml) and fulfilled the conditions for a controlled-release device. Conclusion: Although both treatment strategies seemed to benefit the patients, the adjunctive use of 0.5% AZM as a controlled drug-delivery system enhanced the clinical and microbiologic results as shown by the intergroup comparison.

Background and Objectives: In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the use of dental lasers for treatment of periodontal diseases. Recent preclinical and clinical data have suggested a potential benefit of photodynamic therapy (PDT) in the treatment of periodontitis. Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of PDT as an adjunct to nonsurgical mechanical therapy (SRP) in the treatment of chronic periodontitis. Materials and Methods: In a single-centered randomized and controlled clinical trial, 24 patients with untreated chronic periodontitis were assigned in a split-mouth design into two treatment groups which included: Group I: SRP only (control group), Group II: SRP and PDT (1% methylene blue solution) (test group). Clinical parameters such as plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), modified sulcular bleeding index (mSBI), probing depth (PD), and clinical attachment level (CAL) were measured at baseline, 1, 3 and 6 months after therapy. Results: Inter-group and intra-group statistical analyses were performed. The improvement in clinical parameters was significantly greater in Group II as compared to Group I. The mean PD (mm) reduction from baseline to 6 months in Group I was 2.50 ± 0.54, Group II was 2.57 ± 0.53. The mean CAL (mm) gain from baseline to 6 month in Group I was 2.63 ± 0.47, Group II was 2.55 ± 0.44. A statistically significant decrease in PI, GI, mSBI scores was seen in Group II at the end of 6 month (P < 0.001). Conclusion: The present study suggests that an additional application of single episode of PDT could be beneficial adjunct to nonsurgical treatment of chronic periodontitis in terms of clinical parameters as compared to scaling and root planing. Direct subgingival delivery of methylene blue in different concentrations should be performed to further investigate the potential antimicrobial effect of soft lasers in the human periodontal disease.

A 49-year-old man with a clinical diagnosis of Graves' disease was referred for a thyroid scan and radioactive ablation of the gland. Tc-99m pertechnetate scan revealed a diffuse toxic goiter and radiotracer concentration in the thyroglossal duct. He was given 10 mCi of I-131 orally as treatment of thyrotoxicosis. Repeat scanning of the anterior neck 2 days later revealed concentration of radioiodine in the diffusely enlarged gland and the thyroglossal duct as found on the Tc-99m pertechnetate scan, thus confirming the presence of functioning thyroid tissue in the thyroglossal duct.

Introduction: There is no consensus on the optimal management of high grade renal trauma. Delayed surgery increases the likelihood of secondary hemorrhage and persistent urinary extravasation, whereas immediate surgery results in high renal loss. Hence, the present study was undertaken to evaluate the predictors of nephrectomy and outcome of high Grade (III-V) renal injury, treated primarily with conservative intent. Materials and Methods: The records of 55 patients who were admitted to our institute with varying degrees of blunt renal trauma from January 2005 to December 2012 were retrospectively reviewed. Grade III-V renal injury was defined as high grade blunt renal trauma and was present in 44 patients. The factors analyzed to predict emergency intervention were demographic profile, grade of injury, degree of hemodynamic instability, requirement of blood transfusion, need for intervention, mode of intervention, and duration of intensive care unit stay. Results: Rest of the 40 patients with high grade injury (grade 3 and 4 )did not require emergency intervention and underwent a trail of conservative management. 7 of the 40 patients with high grade renal injury (grade 3 and 4), who were managed conservatively experienced complications requiring procedural intervention and three required a delayed nephrectomy. Presence of grade V injuries with hemodynamic instability and requirement of more than 10 packed cell units for resuscitation were predictors of nephrectomy. Predictors of complications were urinary extravasation and hemodynamic instability at presentation. Conclusion: Majority of the high grade renal injuries can be successfully managed conservatively. Grade V injuries and the need for more packed cell transfusions during resuscitation predict the need for emergency intervention.