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Background The therapeutic armamentarium to treat adult patients with moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis (UC) continues to evolve. With this rapid innovation, the comparative efficacy and safety of more recent advanced therapies remain unknown. Methods Bayesian network meta-analysis was used to indirectly compare the efficacy and safety of advanced therapies for induction (6–10 weeks) and maintenance (44–54 weeks post-induction response) in adults with moderately-to-severely active UC. Efficacy was assessed separately in bio-naïve and bio-exposed populations by clinical remission (Full Mayo score [FM] of ≤2 with no subscore >1), clinical response (decrease from baseline in FM ≥3 points and ≥30% with decrease in rectal bleeding score [RBS] of ≥1 or absolute RBS ≤1) and endoscopic improvement (endoscopic score ≤1); ad hoc analyses were conducted on upadacitinib (UPA) RCT data to produce FM outcomes. Safety was assessed by discontinuation due to adverse events (AEs), serious AEs, and serious infections. Induction therapies included UPA 45 mg, adalimumab 160/80 mg, filgotinib 100 and 200 mg, golimumab 200/100 mg, infliximab 10 and 5 mg/kg, ozanimod 0.92 mg, tofacitinib 10 mg, ustekinumab (UST) 6 mg/kg, and vedolizumab (VED) 300 mg. The maintenance analysis included low and high maintenance doses of these therapies. Phase 3 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were identified via systematic literature review. Random effects models were used to account for expected heterogeneity in endpoints and study design. Guidelines from the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence were followed. Results Out of 31 RCTs identified, 23 were included (18 for induction and 14 for maintenance). Odds ratios vs. placebo (PBO), numbers needed to treat/harm, and surface under the cumulative ranking curve estimates are presented for efficacy in bio-naïve (Table 1) and bio-exposed (Table 2) populations and for safety in overall populations (Table 4). Intent-to-treat rates of maintenance efficacy outcomes adjusted by the likelihood of induction response show UPA to be consistently the most efficacious therapy (Table 3). There were no significant differences in serious AEs or serious infections for any advanced therapy vs PBO. For discontinuation due to AEs, only UPA had significantly lower odds vs PBO after induction, while UST and VED had significantly lower odds vs PBO after maintenance (Table 4). Conclusion In patients with moderately-to-severely active UC, UPA 45 mg induction and 30 mg maintenance appear more efficacious than other advanced therapies/PBO at inducing and maintaining clinical response, clinical remission, and endoscopic response, with no greater safety assessments vs PBO, over 1-year.

Background and study aims : To investigate the safety and efficacy of splenectomy for hepatolenticular degeneration (HLD) patients with PLT less than 20 × 109/L. Patients and methods : A total of 244 HLD patients with hyper-splenism underwent splenectomy. According to the preopera-tive PLT values, the patients were divided into three groups : group A of 53 patients with PLT < 20 × 109/L ; group B of 92 patients with 20 × 109/L ≤ PLT ≤ 30 × 109/L ; group C of 99 patients with PLT > 30 × 109/L. General information including : blood cell counts, liver function , coagulation function 1 day before sugery and 1, 7, 14 days after surgery ; intraoperative blood loss ; operation time ; vital signs at the beginning, at 60 minutes and the end of the operation. Pressure and blood oxygen ; postoperative drainage ; postoperative complications and mortality. Results : Blood cell counts, liver function, and coagulation func-tion were improved after splenectomy in three groups (P0.05). Conclusion : For HLD patients with hypersplenism, it is safe and effective to conduct splenectomy under PLT < 20 × 109/L.

Realizing quantum speedup for practically relevant, computationally hard problems is a central challenge in quantum information science. Using Rydberg atom arrays with up to 289 qubits in two spatial dimensions, we experimentally investigate quantum algorithms for solving the Maximum Independent Set problem. We use a hardware-efficient encoding associated with Rydberg blockade, realize closed-loop optimization to test several variational algorithms, and subsequently apply them to systematically explore a class of graphs with programmable connectivity. We find the problem hardness is controlled by the solution degeneracy and number of local minima, and experimentally benchmark the quantum algorithm's performance against classical simulated annealing. On the hardest graphs, we observe a superlinear quantum speedup in finding exact solutions in the deep circuit regime and analyze its origins., Comment: 10 pages, 5 figures, Supplementary materials at the end

A 6-GeV lattice with the horizontal tune near a 3rd-order resonance line at 3νx =2 is designed for studying the transverse resonance island buckets (TRIBs) at the Cornell Electron Storage Ring (CESR). The distribution of 76 sextupoles powered individually is optimized to maximize the dynamic aperture and achieve the desired amplitude-dependent tune shift αxx and the resonant driving term h 30000, which are necessary conditions to form stable island buckets. The particle tracking simulations are developed to check and confirm the formation of TRIBs at different tunes with clearing kicks in this TRIBs lattice. Finally, the lattice is loaded in CESR and the TRIBs are successfully observed when the horizontal fractional tune is adjusted to 0.665, close to the 3rd-order resonance line. Bunch-by-bunch feedback is also explored to clear the particles in the main bucket and the island buckets, respectively.

To identify the viruses that induced Luffa cylindrica L. mosaic disease, the viral genomic double-strand RNA (dsRNA) was extracted, followed by sequence-independent amplification (SIA) and sequencing. Results showed that Luffa cylindrica L. was co-infected by cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) and zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV). To further characterize the Shanxi isolates of cucumber mosaic virus (CMV-SXSG) and zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV-SXSG), the MP gene sequence of CMV-SXSG and the complete genomic sequence of ZYMV-SXSG were cloned and analyzed. The genomic RNA of ZYMV-SXSG is 9474 nucleotides in length and contains one putative ORF which encodes a polyprotein of 3080 amino acids. Sequence alignments showed that CMV-SXSG shared MP nucleotide sequence identities with other CMV isolates of 78.15% to 99.4%. The nucleotide sequence similarity for the CDS region between ZYMV-SXSG and representative ZYMV strains ranged from 81.71% to 98.40%. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that CMV-SXSG and CMV-QZ shared the same origin, and that ZYMV-SXSG showed the highest sequence identity to isolate KR-PA and formed an independent branch, indicating that they have the most closely evolutionary relationship. Recombination analysis revealed that ZYMV-SXSG was a putative recombinant, and that the potential major and minor parents were the ZZ (China isolate) and KR-PA (Korean isolate), respectively. These results will provide valuable hints for more accurate analysis of CMV or ZYMV genetic diversity, and also provide an effective theoretical basis for designing better virus control strategies.

The External Target Facility (ETF) has been constructed for reaction studies with high-energy secondary beams of several hundred MeV/u. The charged fragment detector system of ETF consists of a dipole magnet, tracking drift chambers, ionization chambers and plastic scintillators for particle identification (PID) via B ρ - Δ E-TOF method. The system is now ready for physics experiments. Before physics runs, it has been tested using 280 MeV/u 18O primary beam as well as the secondary beams produced by projectile fragmentation. The system used as a magnetic spectrometer has exhibited satisfying PID capability in identifying fragments ranging from nitrogen to beryllium.

Low-lying states of Cd-98 have been populated by the two-nucleon removal reaction (In-100, Cd-98+gamma) and studied using in-beam gamma-ray spectroscopy at the Radioactive Isotope Beam Factory at RIKEN. Two new gamma transitions were identified and assigned as decays from a previously unknown state. This state is suggested to be based on a pi 1g(/9/2)(-1)2p(1/2)(-2) configuration with J(pi) = 5(-). The present observation extends the systematics of the excitation energies of the first 5(-) state in N = 50 isotones toward Sn-100. The determined energy of the 5(- )state in Cd-98 continues a smooth trend along the N = 50 isotones. The systematics are compared with shell-model calculations in different model spaces. Good agreement is achieved when considering a model space consisting of the pi(1f(5/2), 2p(3/2), 2p(1/2), 1g(9/2)) orbitals. The calculations with a smaller model space omitting the orbitals below the Z = 38 subshell could not reproduce the experimental energy difference between the ground and first 5(-) states in N = 50 isotones, because proton excitations across Z = 38 subshell yield a large amount of correlation energy that lowers the ground states. (Less)

A consistent measurement of the inclusive single-neutron removal cross sections of $^{14,15,16}\mathrm{C}$ on a carbon target at around 240 MeV/nucleon has been performed at the External Target Facility, HIRFL-CSR, and compared with Glauber model predictions using shell-model spectroscopic strengths between the initial projectile ground state and configurations of bound core state $+$ valence neutron state as input. For the dependence of the spectroscopic factor reduction characterized by the ratio ${R}_{s}$ of the experimental over theoretical single-nucleon removal cross section on the bounding depth $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Delta}}S$ of the removed nucleon established in single-nucleon removals with beam energies mainly over 80--120 MeV/nucleon, our measurement gives ${R}_{s}$ values that conform to the earlier ${R}_{s}\text{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Delta}}S$ systematics, where the relatively higher incident beam energy facilitates the applicability of the eikonal and sudden approximation used in the Glauber model.

Fall is the major risk factor of fracture that has not been included in FRAX®. Whether different age may determine the effect of falls on FRAX® is still uncertain. This epidemiological cohort study reveals that history of fall is a significant predictor of incident fracture independent of FRAX probability, especially in subjects

孕妇在妊娠期间出现肺血栓栓塞的风险较一般人群高，其临床症状隐匿，且诊断及治疗方法有异于非妊娠期，临床医生充分了解妊娠期肺血栓栓塞的特点可为优化妊娠结局提供帮助。本文就国内外关于妊娠期肺血栓栓塞的研究进行综述。.

BACKGROUND Osteoporosis is a global disease burden for aging society. The role of quantitative ultrasound (QUS) in the prediction for osteoporosis in a dose-response manner is hardly addressed. AIM We aimed to show the dose-response of QUS measurement in the prediction for osteoporosis by a community-based study. DESIGN A prospective cohort study. METHODS Participants were recruited between 2000 and 2004. Demographic data and heel QUS measurement were collected at baseline. Diagnosis of osteoporosis was ascertained by the follow-up of this cohort over time. In order to reduce the imbalance of baseline characteristics in the observational study, we applied propensity score by using proportional odds regression analysis to match the quintiles of QUS T-score. RESULTS A total of 44 957 subjects composed of 17 678 men (39.3%) and 27 279 women (69.7%) were recruited. After adjustments for propensity score, an increase in one unit of QUB T-score led to 7% reduction in the risk for osteoporosis [adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 0.93, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.89-0.96, P

A Time-Of-Flight Wall (TOFW) detector has been designed and constructed at the External Target Facility (ETF) of HIRFL-CSR. The detector covers a sensitive area of 1.2 × 1.2 m 2 and consists of 30 modules. Each module is composed of a long plastic scintillator bar with two photo-multiplier tubes coupled at both ends for readout. The design and manufacture details are described and the test results are reported. The performance of the TOFW detector has been tested and measured with cosmic rays and a 310 MeV/u 40Ar beam. The results show that the time resolutions of all the TOFW modules are better than 128 ps, satisfying the requirements of the experiments which will be carried out at the ETF.

A drift chamber array at the External Target Facility in HIRFL-CSR has been constructed for three-dimensional particle tracking in high-energy radioactive ion beam experiments. The design, readout, track reconstruction program and calibration procedures for the detector are described. The drift chamber array was tested in a 311 AMeV 40Ar beam experiment. The detector performance based on the measurements of the beam test is presented. A spatial resolution of 230 μ m is achieved.

There have been extensive experimental observations of the anisotropic corrosion behavior of metals and alloys, and their mechanisms were assumed to be correlated with the so-called surface energy or the work function. However, to date, a specified mechanism or theory to interpret anisotropic corrosion behavior remains unclear. Here, we determine the anisotropic anodic dissolution of metals and alloys in corrosive environments by developing a formula to specify the relationship between the electrode potential (U) and the current density (I) by considering the basic parameters of our defined surface energy density ( E s u r f / ρ ) and the work function ( Φ ). Therefore, we build an ab initio model to evaluate the anisotropic anodic dissolution behavior of metals and alloys using the inputs obtained within density functional theory. This theory is further validated in the case of variations in the crystallographic planes of Mg. Moreover, some selected alloying additions such as Ga, Cd, Hg, In, As, and Cr are theoretically elucidated to effectively reduce the anodic dissolution rates of the Mg matrix to some extent, in close agreement with available experimental observations. This model is capable of predicting the anisotropic anodic dissolution behavior, providing a promising perspective for designing better corrosion-resistant alloys.

The cross section for one-proton knockout from $^{16}\mathrm{C}$ with a large neutron-proton separation energy asymmetry on a carbon target has been measured at an intermediate beam energy of around 240 MeV/nucleon. The measured cross section is compared to the predictions based on the eikonal reaction model with shell-model structure inputs. The beam-energy dependence of the reduction on the extracted spectroscopic strength for strongly bound nucleon removal is derived from combining the existing intermediate-energy data with the present measurement. The deduced reduction factor ${R}_{s}$, defined as the ratio of the measured and theoretical cross sections, for the strongly bound nucleon removal at around 240 MeV/nucleon is consistent with the systematics observed from knockout reactions induced by light nuclear targets at intermediate energies of around 80 MeV/nucleon.

The China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS) is a high intensity proton accelerator-based facility, and its accelerator complex includes two main parts: a H- linac and a rapid cycling synchrotron (RCS). The RCS accumulates the 80 MeV proton beam, and accelerates it to 1.6 GeV, with a repetition rate of 25 Hz. The beam commissioning of RCS began in May, 2017 and reached the target beam power of 100 kW in February, 2020. The longitudinal beam dynamics study plays the key role in the commissioning. The study and optimization include the synchronicity between the ramping magnet field and the RF system, the mitigation of the high intensity effects to minimize the beam loss and the measurement of the longitudinal dynamics. Through the optimization of the bunch factor, the strong space charge effects with high intensity is mitigated, thus the RCS transmission efficiency arrives mostly at 100 %. The beam distribution is not affected by the phase loop with a new algorithm and the beam loss is smaller than the original one. The beam commissioning in longitudinal plane is reviewed in the paper.

An improved tracking method was devised for tracking in large-acceptance spectrometers in intermediate-energy RIB experiments, where drift chamber arrays are deployed both upstream and downstream of a dipole magnet for particle tracking outside the magnetic field. By incorporating into the tracking χ 2 the inconsistencies between the tracks entering and exiting the reaction target, and that between the tracks entering and exiting the dipole magnet, the improved tracking method has proved to be effective in eliminating spurious tracks in data analysis of RIB experiments. With the tracking method, enhanced particle identification and reaction cross sections are achieved for neutron-removal products of secondary carbon-isotope beams at around 240 MeV/u in the External Target Facility in HIRFL-CSR.

The phenomenon of burning cone drop is a serious quality defect in super slim cigarettes. In order to monitor the burning cone drop, a segmentation model conveniently and effectively about cigarette packing density was established and used for predicting the burning cone drop rate. The method is a non-destructive testing (NDT), which is applied by using cigarette density and its change rate. The model of cigarette density segmentation method is based on a straight line ρ=A×ρ’+B in the Cartesian coordinate system with abscissa ρ′ and ordinate ρ. The straight line split the coordinate system into two regions. By measuring the density of the super slim cigarettes, the position of the point (ρ’, ρ) can be determined, then the burning cone drop tendency can be predicted. When verifying the accuracy of the model, it is found that the predicted value and the measured value are basically near the 1:1 line, the coefficient of determination (R2) and the index of agreement (D index) between predicted and observed values are 0.98 and 0.99 respectively, and the normalized root mean square error (nRMSE) is 11.8%. The coefficient of variation of the predicted burning cone drop rate is 6.5% for 10 consecutive replicates. The cigarette density segmentation method model is suitable for predicting burning cone drop of the super slim cigarette samples with varying packing densities or cut tobacco distribution. The model has a good effect on the burning cone drop prediction under certain conditions, and it has an important guiding significance for super slim cigarette production and quality inspection.

The cross sections for two-neutron removal from $^{15,16}\mathrm{C}$ on a carbon target have been measured at around 240 MeV/nucleon. The measured cross section for $^{15}\mathrm{C}$ is smaller than for $^{16}\mathrm{C}$. The trends of the cross sections for $^{15,16}\mathrm{C}$ are inconsistent with the previously reported experimental data, but in agreement with the theoretical predictions based on eikonal-model calculations. Based on the present results of $^{15,16}\mathrm{C}$ combined with the available experimental data on $^{17--20}\mathrm{C}$, an odd-even staggering of the two-neutron removal cross sections along the neutron-rich carbon isotopic chain from $^{15}\mathrm{C}$ to $^{20}\mathrm{C}$ is observed, and this feature is well reproduced by the theoretical calculations.

In typical nuclear physics experiments with radioactive ion beams (RIBs) selected by the in-flight separation technique, Si detectors or ionization chambers are usually equipped for the charge determination of RIBs. The obtained charge resolution relies on the performance of these detectors for energy loss determination, and this affects the particle identification capability of RIBs. We present an approach on improving the resolution of charge measurement for heavy ions by using the abundant energy loss information from different types of existing detectors along the beam line. Without altering the beam line and detectors, this approach can improve the charge resolution by more than 12\% relative to the multiple sampling ionization chamber of the best resolution., Comment: 8 pages, 5 figures

With the rapid development of liquid crystal display technology, product design focuses on high quality, high resolution, thin and lightweight specifications and uniform display brightness. However, the liquid crystal display thickness is determined by the design of the backlight module light source layout. Different light source designs with different optical materials can realise different optical effects. Hence, this study discusses the impact of the surface roughness of backlight module light guide plate on light transmission. With an edge backlight module as an example, this study assumes that the incident surface roughness of the light guide plate depends on control of CNC processing parameters, using the technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution and back-propagation neural network/genetic algorithm to identify key factors from relevant factors, followed by validation of the optimisation parameter process capability. The roughness Cpk process capability is improved from ...

A multiple sampling ionization chamber used as a particle identification device for high energy heavy ions has been developed for the External Target Facility. The performance of this detector was tested with a 239Pu α source and RI beams. A Z resolution (FWHM) of 0.4–0.6 was achieved for nuclear fragments of 18O at 400 AMeV.

Ulnar shortening is a common procedure for treating ulnar wrist pain of various causes. Many tools and devices had been reported in the literature to facilitate the procedure, but not all are universally available. Freehand technique is still useful in clinical practice. Here we present a pre-drilled hole method to improve the outcomes of the freehand technique. From 2008 to 2012, a total of 51 patients at our institution underwent ulnar shortening with this method, with an -average follow-up period of 24.4 months (range, 12-62 months). The average shortening length was 4.6 mm (range, 3-8.5 mm). All patients had uneventful union at an average of 9.8 weeks (range, 8-14 weeks) after the surgery. All had improved functional results. All patients returned to their previous full level of work and activities. The pre-drilled hole method for ulnar shortening is an easy assist to the freehand technique. Also, the union rate is high, and complications are uncommon.