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Gingivectomy is the surgical removal of gum tissue. This procedure is used to treat gum disease and to eliminate deep pockets resulting from the detachment of gums from the teeth, or for esthetic reasons. Currently, gingivectomy is the most common procedure performed with dental lasers. All laser wavelengths can be used to precisely incise the gum for restorative, cosmetic and periodontal purposes. Rapid healing and reduced pain are frequently observed after gingivectomy and patients do not require periodontal dressings or sutures. Key words: esthetic, laser, gingivectomy, smile, surgery.

Background: In Morocco the breast feeding (exclusive) prevalence has decreased from 51% in 1992 to 35% in 2018. This prevalence was lower in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) with 12.4% in 2014. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence and identify the associated factors of breastfeeding (BF) practice in NICU of Casablanca Ibn Rochd teaching hospital.Method:A cross sectional study was performed between 04 January and 26 June 2021 in NICU. We included Moroccan couples mother/newborn who can practice the BF presents during the study period. We used face to face interview using pretested questionnaire. Logistic regression was used to test association between breastfeeding (BF) practice and potential associated factors. Factors with p ≤ 0.05 were considered as associated factors of BF practice. Data were analyzed using R 3.6.3 Findings: We included 170 couple mother/newborn. Around 74% of mothers practiced partial breastfeeding. The mother factors associated with BF practice were: education level (OR=0,10; 95%CI : 0,01-0,87 ;p=0,037781), family monthly income (OR=4,3 ; 95%CI: 1,12-16 ,56 ; p=0,033606) and marital status (OR=14,3 ; 95%CI:1,37-148,43 ; p=0,025853). The newborns’ factors associated to BF practice were: hospital stay length (OR= 1,12 95%CI: 1,00-1,25 ; p=0,047726) and hospitalization motif (OR=0,27 ; 95%CI: 0,076-0,95 ; p=0,042085). And healthcare facility factors associated to BF practice was: healthcare staff support: (OR=6,7 ; 95%CI:2,2-20,54 ; p=0,000891) .Conclusion: The newborn hospitalized for respiratory distress from single mothers with lower education level and social standard who, don’t have enough (or any) support from healthcare staff are the ones who receive less breast milk in NICU of Casablanca Ibn Rochd teaching hospital.

Background Globally infectious diseases remain the leading causes of child hood mortality and morbidity accounting for 65% of all deaths in under-five children which can be prevented if proper sanitation and hygiene measure undertaken. The aim of this study is to determine the factors associated to hand hygiene of newborn mothers in NICU of Ibn Rochd teaching hospital in Casablanca (Morocco). Methods A cross-sectional study was performed from 04 January to 15 April 2021. We included Moroccan couple newborn/mother presents in NICU during the study period. We used face to face interview using close ended questionnaire. The number of time per day the mothers used soap or alcohol for hand hygiene(6 times per day) was used to measure the variable “hand hygiene practice” The Khi2 and Kruskal-wallis tests were used to test association between hand hygiene and potential associated factors. Associated factors with p ≤ 0.05 were considered as significantly associated factors of hand washing practice. Data were analyzed using R 3.6.3. Findings We included 89 couple mother/newborn. Forty five percent practice adequate hand hygiene (washing with soap or hand rub sanitizer) between 3 and 6 times per day. Factors significantly associated with hand hygiene were: mothers' residence (rural 33.7%; urban 66.3%; p = 0,026); prenatal visit number (visits number mean: < 3 times =3.67; 3-6 times = 3.30; > 6times = 5.08; p = 0,011). Conclusions The mothers from urban residence accessing more prenatal visits practice hand hygiene more frequently than single mothers from rural residence with limited access of prenatal visits. So this study suggests the training programs to enhance mothers hand hygiene practice should prioritize the mothers from rural residence who attended less prenatal visits. Key messages We can protect the fragile hospitalized newborn from infections by cheapest gestures like hand hygiene. Hand hygiene must be continually promoted targeting all actors involved about newborn care specifically newborn mothers.

Background Breastfeeding (BF) is one of the most effective ways to ensure child health and survival. In Morocco the BF rate decreased from 51% to 27,8% between 1992 and 2011. The breast feeding rate in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) is lower 12,4%. Studies showed if we improve the mothers knowledge, the BF practice rate increase in NICU. We aim to determine associated factors of mothers knowledge about BF in NICU of Ibn Rochd teaching hospital in Casablanca (Morocco). Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted between 04 January and 23 April 2021 in NICU ward of teaching hospital Ibn Roch of Casablanca (Morocco). We included Moroccan mothers who can practice the BF presents during the study period. We used face to face interview using questionnaire. A scoring system from 0 to 16 points was used to measure the knowledge. The student, ANOVA, Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon, Kruskal Wallis, Pearson and spearman correlation tests were used to test association between BF and potential associated factors. Associated factors with p ≤ 0.05 were considered as determinants of BF. Data were analyzed using R 3.6.3. Results We included 111 mothers. The mean score of knowledge was 10.38 ± 2.31. Associated factors with BF knowledge were: healthcare staffs support (yes mean score =11.06 and no = 9.72; p = 0.002); getting prior information about BF (yes mean score =10.53 and no = 9; p = 0.012). The knowledge increase with age of mother (correlation coefficient = 0.26; p = 0.005) and parity (correlation coefficient = 0.30; P = 0.001). Conclusions Mothers and specifically younger primiparous should receive more attention from training program and healthcare staffs in NICU to improve the knowledge and practice of BF. Key messages we can enhance significantly the survival and health of newborn hospitalized in NICU by simple actions as advices, encouragement toward the newborn mothers to improve their knowledge about BF. Healthcare staffs and facilities have to be the teachers and school about breast feeding.

Background Improving breast milk feeding (BF) can avoid globally per year 800000 deaths in children under 5 years old. In Morocco the breast milk feeding rate decreased from 51% to 27,8% between 1992 and 2011, the breast feeding rate in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) is lower (12,4%). The objective of this study is to determine the associated factors of BF practice in NICU. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted between 04 January and 20 April 2021 in NICU ward of teaching hospital Ibn Roch of Casablanca (Morocco). We included Moroccan couples mother/newborn who can practice the BF presents during the study period. We used face to face interview using questionnaire. Student, Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon and Khi2 tests were used to test association between BMF and potential associated factors. The potential associated factors with p ≤ 0.05 were considered as associated factors of BF practice. Data were analyzed using R 3.6.3. Results We included 107 couple mother/newborn. Around 77% of mothers practice BF. The mother factors associated with BF practice were: residence (30.5% rural; 69.5% urban; p = 0.007); marital status (2.4% single; 0% divorced; 97.6% married; p = 0.02); getting prior information about BF (6.2% no; 93.8%yes; p = 0.02), mother knowledge score about BF (median score yes = 10, no = 9;p= 0.03). The newborn associated factors were: hospitalization reasons (50.7% respiratory distress; 17.3% infections; 13.3% jaundice; 18.7% others; p = 0.03) and the gender (58.2% male; 41.8% female; p = 0,02) Conclusions The practice rate is lower for rural single mother who don't get any prior information about BF (lower knowledge). These mothers must get more attention from the healthcare staffs and training programs to improve the breast feeding in NICU. Key messages We can do better about the management of newborn hospitalized in NICU with actions like BF practice (promotion of breastfeeding). The benefits of breast feeding practice are significantly greater than his risks about the management of newborn hopitalized in NICU.

Periodontal prosthodontic surgery plays a major role in the integration of aesthetic and functional prosthetic restorations, including in the anterior area. Indeed, any dento-gingival disharmony of volume or shape must be corrected beforehand, thus justify a plastic periodontal surgery.This is a 20-year-old patient, who consulted for essentially aesthetic motive: the restoration of the fracture 11. Clinical examination revealed the presence of a defective provisional prosthesis on 11, an unsightly filling composite resin on the 21, asymmetry of the gingival contour, as well as a low located upper labial brake. Juxta-bone decay of the lingual wall of the 11 was prominent on the retro-alveolar.To meet the growing aesthetic demand of the patient, a multidisciplinary care was considered: a gingivectomy has been carried out, in order to align the collar of the 11 with that of the 21, associated with a coronal elongation landscaping biological space on the lingual side of the 11. And to optimize the therapeutic outcome, a frenectomy of the upper labial brake was performed.