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Simulation tools are becoming available which predict the heat and moisture conditions in the indoor environment as well as in the envelope of buildings, and thus it has become possible to consider the important interaction between the different components of buildings and the different physical phenomena that occur. However, there is still room for further development of such tools. This paper will present an attempt to integrate modelling of air flows in building envelopes into a whole building hygrothermal simulation tool. Two kinds of air flows have been considered: (1) Air flow in a ventilated cavity such as behind the exterior cladding of a building envelope, i.e. a flow which is parallel to the construction plane. (2) Infiltration/exfiltration of air through the building envelope, i.e. a flow which is perpendicular to the constructionplane. The paper presents the models and how they have been integrated into a whole building simulation tool. Furthermore, the paper shows some calculation results for validation and for illustration of the importance of the phenomena.

The present report documents the results of a study on daylight conditions in simple rooms of residential buildings. The overall objective of the study was to develop a basis for a method for the assessment of daylight quality in a room with simple geometry and window configurations. As a tool for the analyses the Radiance Lighting Simulation System was used. A large number of simulations were performed for 3 rooms (window configurations) under overcast, intermediate, and 40-50 sunny sky conditions for each window (7 months, three orientations and for every other hour with direct sun penetration through the windows). A number of light indicators allowed understanding and describing the geometry of daylight in the space in a very detailed and thorough manner. The inclusion of the daylight factor, horizontal illuminance, luminance distribution, cylindrical illuminance, the Daylight Glare Index, vertical-to-horizontal illuminance ratio as well as scale of shadow gave valuable information allowing a detailed description of the three-dimensional geometry of daylight in the space. It should be mentioned however, that there is no universal definition of light quality. The approach of this study was to analyse differences in daylighting conditions for a number of lighting parameters. The results gave clear indications of, for instance, which room would be the brightest, under which conditions might glare be a problem and which type of window would yield the greatest luminous variation (or visual interest), etc.

Rapporten vurderer belysningskvalitet og energieffektivitet i belysningsanlæg i ni udvalgte kontorbygninger med storrumskontorer. Der er desuden fokuseret på en vurdering af anlæggenes tekniske og arkitektoniske kvalitet i samspil med kontorernes indretning. Rapporten henvender sig til rådgivende ingeniører og arkitekter samt fabrikanter og leverandører af belysningskomponenter.

The report describes the results of a pilot study on daylight conditions in simple rooms of residential buildings. As a tool for the analyses the Radiance Lighting Simulating System was used to simulate one room with three different window configurations, a vertical window, a dormer window, and a roof window. The simulations were performed for overcast sky conditions and under one sunny sky, for two different times of the day. The study shows that the window configuration affects the daylight conditions (distribution and intensity) significantly. The roof window results in a higher (average) daylight factor on a horizontal plane, i.e. more than twice as high compared with the vertical window, and more than triple as high compared with the dormer window.

BSIM2002 er et nyt brugervenligt og fleksibelt edb-program til beregning af indeklima og varme, køle- og ventilationsanlæg.

Denne rapport beskriver udviklingen af SBI's energi- og miljødatabase. Rapporten indfører brugeren både i den teoretiske og i den praktiske del af databasedesignet og afsluttes med en brugervejledning til det supplerende pc-program, DisDB. Programmet kan benyttes som et selvstændigt elektronisk opslags- og redigeringsværktøj over for databasen. Rapporten henvender sig til projekterende og rådgivende ingeniører, arkitekter, entreprenører og andre udførende inden for byggeri samt til offentlige myndigheder.