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FNEGE 2, HCERES A, ABS 3; International audience; Whether a harbinger of a new era or an anomaly, the year 2020 confronted students and teachers alike with the necessity of reassessing and reformulating teaching and learning possibilities and practicalities. In this very subjective text, we examine some of our own experiences of higher education under lockdown and physical distancing conditions. In an apparent paradox, the changed conditions simultaneously added more stress and uncertainty to the students’ learning process while also providing the learners with more confidence to question the established norms. Against the background of ongoing systemic collapse, we explore our own and our students’ stories and poems chronicling learning in a time of crisis and constraint. Drawing on critiques of modern consumer capitalism underpinning management education, we use the experience of a ruptured semester to propose a reinterpretation of management learning as rooted in the paradoxes of desire and longing: for success, career, but also for enlightenment, revelation, social change and togetherness. We ask the reader to embrace the poetic and libidinal aspects of desire and longing as central to the transformative potential of the learning encounter and propose to reconstitute the basis for education as rooted in desire and longing: for contact, for learning, for revelation.

International audience; The paper examines the legal management of the health crisis generated by the Covid-19 pandemic based on two quite different national approaches and experiences, the Swedish and the French ones. Differences lie not surprisingly in the use of Soft and Hard Law in the two countries, Sweden being inclined to give precedence to Soft Law and France to Hard Law. The in-depth comparative study of the legal frameworks laying down the duties and responsibility of citizens for fighting the pandemic enables the discovery of a large and intricate range of rules tending to blur traditional legal categories. The paper discusses furthermore the conditions for citizens’ acceptance and implementation of their duties. In that respect, questions such as the adaptability in time and space of the measures/constraints decided by public authorities, their readability and temporality and the question of trust – vertically within the relationship citizens-state and horizontally between the society members – are at the heart of the legal management of the pandemic by the governments.; L’article examine la gestion juridique de la crise sanitaire générée par la pandémie de Covid-19 à partir de deux approches et expériences nationales assez différentes, la suédoise et la française. Les différences résident, sans surprise, dans l’utilisation de la Soft Law et de la Hard Law dans les deux pays, la Suède ayant tendance à privilégier la Soft Law et la France la Hard Law. L’étude comparative approfondie des cadres juridiques définissant les devoirs et la responsabilité des citoyens dans la lutte contre la pandémie permet de découvrir un éventail large et complexe de règles tendant à brouiller les catégories juridiques traditionnelles. L’article examine en outre les conditions d’acceptation et de mise en œuvre de leurs devoirs par les citoyens. A cet égard, des questions telles que l’adaptabilité dans le temps et dans l’espace des mesures/contraintes décidées par les autorités publiques, leur lisibilité et leur temporalité, ainsi que la question de la confiance – verticalement dans la relation citoyens-Etat et horizontalement entre les membres de la société – sont au cœur de la gestion juridique de la crise sanitaire par les gouvernements.

International audience; Science can be seen as a very long-standing conversation, following certain rules and principles that impose consistency and stability. The role of the reviewer is to ensure that these standards are upheld and, if possible, to help to developed the text to reach its best potential. Unfortunately, in recent years, reviewing has become something of a powergame with little regard for the good of the text or even common rules of politeness. The chapter proposes a "gallery of horrors": examples of typical bad reviewing drawn from my experience as editor and author. The fundamental condition for an improvement of all elements of the academic culture is a radical rupture with the neoliberal order and its ubiquitous linear mode of organizing. Paternalism can be then replaced with what which Heather Höpfl labels the maternal organization. Whereas the paternal organization is about constructing and hierarchical ordering , the maternal one is focused on development and care.

International audience; Responding to the trend of formulaic writing in the academic community, How To Write Differently offers a refreshing approach to academic writing in a practical format.The book explores how, in order to write differently, an author needs to embrace complexity and alterity and write to be read. Highlighting the importance of bringing joy and enlightenment to readers rather than simply writing for the metrics, experienced contributors delve into the significance of poetry and idiom, writing from the heart and what to write about. Chapters also consider key practicalities such as, how to make an argument and not slide into reductionism? How to engage with literature without being dull and formulaic? How to describe important issues such as empirical research and insights? Finally, the book sheds light on the review process, where to publish, reflective referencing and how to revise your writing.Aiming to inspire academic writers and readers, while offering practical guidance, How to Write Differently will be a valuable resource for business and management researchers and students seeking to write in a new way.

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International audience; Inspired by the alternative ethnographic tradition, the aim of this article is to contribute with an approach to organizational ethnography informed by the radical imperative to encounter and understand the Other in his/her complex otherness and difference. The approach is conceptualized in terms of alterethnography and it is outlined as a way of doing research/writing for change at odds with dominant patriarchal scientific writing orders. Illustrated by a study of creativity, written in the form of an academic postmodern detective novel fiction, alterethnography is envisioned as uncontained and disruptive, unpatriarchal and disconformist: it is an approach that transgresses the boundaries of the ego, striving to embrace otherness as togetherness.

In this text, our aim is to outline the scaffolding we believe is needed to build and shape the future role of the University. This scaffolding is an assemblage of three different strategies we have found to be fruitful in our attempt to present narratives for a better future: engagement with the arts, the development of sociological imagination, and the embracement of the Other, specifically in terms of alternative and different ways of organizing. Bibliografiskt granskad

International audience; Human beings are storytelling creatures. The imaginoscope is an (imaginary) device invented in the 1970s by Polish sociologist and writer Stanilaw Moskal, wich people can use to create better organizations. An Imaginoscope for Organizers offers practical exercises to use both individual and collective imagination to activate and mobilize creative organizing impulses. It proposes intellectual, symbolic and poetic food for thought and practice. Each chapter is a step on the quest for creative ideas and practices and introduces a language that can be used to invent and communicate your own.

International audience; In this chapter, the authors believe that the teaching and learning process of ethnographic methods is connected with many things: research, personal experience, an approach to organizational and managerial practice. Ethnography gains its scientific status and credibility thanks to presence, to being there. This is also how teaching of ethnography should be rooted: in being there, building relationships, passing on experience. The authors intend to introduce to readers useful guidance concerning such areas as learning and teaching ethnography, privacy, ethics, wisdom and support during ethnographical research. Intimacy is achieved by recalling our own emotions and initiating empathy towards the participant of the ethnographic process. The ability to discern, to adapt teaching methods to individual situation is what makes or breaks ethnographic education. The graduate students of public policy had, during an ethnography class, signed in for projects dedicated to exploring ethnographic methods and which were to be presented in class at a given date.

CNRS 4, FNEGE 4, HCERES C; International audience

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International audience; Om undran som metod och metodologi inom företagsekonomin.Sociologen Johan Asplund hade en undrande attityd inför livet och dess många skiftande uttrycksformer. Denna undran utmärktes av ett sökande efter förståelse istället för förklaring. Asplund ville begripliggöra världen genom att vrida och vända på den så att andra aspekter av verkligheten framträdde än det som tas för givet i vardagen och i sin klassiska bok Om undran inför samhället från 1970 lanserade han det aspektseende som kom att bli vägledande – som metod och metodologi – för många företagsekonomer under de decennier som följde.Men hur står det till med den undrande attityden och aspektseendet inom företagsekonomin idag, femtio år efter utgivningen av Asplunds klassiker?På sessionen utforskar vi Johan Asplunds aspektseende mot en företagsekonomisk fond och ger exempel på en alltjämt livskraftig (om än alltmer bortglömd?) metodtradition. Deltagarna på seminariet har alla medverkat i den nyligen utgivna antologin Om undran inför företagsekonomin (Santérus, 2020).

International audience; The aim of this paper is to point to the potential value of an approach to management based on the idea of the common good, as opposed to classical capitalism based on private ownership. Such an approach makes it possible to resist a pursuit of short term oriented gains and a maximization of narrowly defined profits, and, instead, to focus on humanistic values, as to adopt a long term perspective. The much cited notion of the “tragedy of the commons” was based on deficient material and argumentation, but, most of all, it completely disregards of the issue of management. Using a case study developed through a longitudinal action research project in a big service enterprise we call “Soplicex”, we present the strategic process grounded in learning, as well as the building of a strong structure centred on teams. The engagement of the employees was, originally, strongly oriented towards the idea of the common good. The consultants and researchers adopted this principle as the guiding rule in their work with the organization. Even though the process was interrupted by the takeover by a foreign investor, we show how the findings of the study remain relevant for alternative organizing and managing today and in the future. The conclusions of this paper reach further than just being reflections on a historical case study: a model of management is presented, concerned with the care and protection of the common good.

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CNRS 2, FNEGE 1, HCERES A; International audience; Work organizations have long employed various management techniques in order to maximize workers’ engagement, which in itself implies that ‘alienation’ at work is common. One of the central descriptions of alienation in classic writings is the idea of not being ‘at home’ while at work. In this article, however, we explore its obverse, which we term ‘disalienation’ – a relationship to work based on assumptions concerning control and agency, aided by collective participatory mechanisms for identity construction and dialogical building of social relationships. We suggest that the concept and experience can be productively explored in the context of organizations which are owned and controlled by workers. Using ethnographic case studies from two Polish co-operatives, we discuss the potential characteristics of a disalienating relation to a work organization and suggest that co-operatives can provide a way for workers to be ‘at home’ while they are at work.

Purpose To study the trends of smoking-attributable mortality among the low and high educated in consecutive birth cohorts in 11 European countries. Methods Register-based mortality data were collected among adults aged 30 to 79 years in 11 European countries between 1971 and 2012. Smoking-attributable deaths were estimated indirectly from lung cancer mortality rates using the Preston-Glei-Wilmoth method. Rate ratios and rate differences among the low and high-educated were estimated and used to estimate the contribution of inequality in smoking-attributable mortality to inequality in total mortality. Results In most countries, smoking-attributable mortality decreased in consecutive birth cohorts born between 1906 and 1961 among low- and high-educated men and high-educated women, but not among low-educated women among whom it increased. Relative educational inequalities in smoking-attributable mortality increased among both men and women with no signs of turning points. Absolute inequalities were stable among men but slightly increased among women. The contribution of inequality in smoking-attributable mortality to inequality in total mortality decreased in consecutive generations among men but increased among women. Conclusions Smoking might become less important as a driver of inequalities in total mortality among men in the future. However, among women, smoking threatens to further widen inequalities in total mortality.

International audience; The derivation of the word ‘ethnography’ is from the Greek ‘ethnos’, meaning ‘a people’ and ‘graphy’, meaning writing, so ethnography literally refers to writing about people. This omits ethnography’s most important aspect: it is an active, agentive practice – the ethnographer ‘goes into the field’, spends a more or less extended time living in and studying a community, and returns to their desk to write up their experiences, deriving meaning and insights as they do so. But, curiously, there is no verb ‘to ethnograph’. Many years ago, before Google and the internet, one of us was told that ethnography ‘is what anthropologists do’. That begged such questions as: what is an anthropologist and in what ways are they distinguished from sociologists, what exactly do they do, and if ethnography is what anthropologists do, what do ethnographers do?The answer she was given was, firstly, that anthropologists spend more time in the field than sociologists, leading to the answerless question: where is the dividing line between anthropological time and sociological time? Secondly, she was told that anthropologists just ‘go into the field’, become part of the community they are studying, but remain apart from it in order to study it. That took her round in circles – ethnography is what anthropologists do – but with the added conundrum of how to remain both immersed within and separate from ‘the field’. Management scholars have the additional problem of distinguishing between observation studies (participant and non-participant) and ethnography: the dividing lines between them appear very vague. [...]

International audience; Observation is perhaps the most ethnographic method, quite the recognizable flagship for ethnographic studies. For some researchers it provides an orientation in the field. For others observation is a reliable method of exploring the social. It enables researchers to collect first-hand experiential material in the field and it can be applied in different ways and for different purposes. This chapter presents the most popular kinds of observation: non-participant, participant and direct. It shares a few ideas and techniques of how to use the method to acquire good ethnographic material. Finally, it introduces ethnography as research of and by human presence, beyond structures and facts, into the realm of experiences, meanings, communications and ways of understanding human communities.

Wywiad jest jedną z podstawowych metod gromadzenia danych w badaniach etnograficznych. W trakcie rozmów badacz stara się poznać intersubiektywne postrzeganie rzeczywistości społecznej, co umożliwia opisanie świata społecznego z więcej niż jednej perspektywy. Rolą badacza jest analiza wywiadu w celu poszukiwania znaczenia, pogłębiania niuansów i poznawania przeżywanych doświadczeń ludzi w ich kontekście społecznym. W rozdziale przedstawiono rodzaje wywiadów wykorzystywanych w badaniach etnograficznych wraz z praktycznymi wskazówkami, jak przeprowadzić badanie jakościowe z wykorzystaniem tego narzędzia badawczego. Rozważania skupiające się na trzech głównych wariantach prowadzenia wywiadów w etnografii organizacji (wywiady otwarte, częściowo ustrukturyzowane oraz analiza konwersacji). W rozdziale przedstawiono również przydatne wskazówki dotyczące takich obszarów, jak przygotowywanie i przeprowadzanie wywiadów, budowanie relacji w terenie, etyka, zaangażowanie czy zachowanie otwartej postawy. Interviewing is one of the basic methods of collecting data in ethnographic research. During conversations the researcher tries to learn the intersubjective perception of social reality, which helps to describe the social world from more than one perspective. The researcher's role is to delve into interview in order to search for meaning, deepen nuances and get to know lived experience of people in their social context. This chapter presents the types of interviews used in ethnographic research along with practical tips on how to conduct qualitative research using this research tool. The considerations focusing on three main variants of conducting interviews in the organization's ethnography (open and semi-structured interviews as well as conversation analysis). It also introduces to some useful guidance concerning areas such as preparing and conducting interviews, building relationships with the field, ethics, commitment, keeping an open attitude.

International audience; Keeping a diary from the field is a well known and much celebrated ethnographic tradition. In this article we collect our own and other researchers' experiences from the research fields: what and how to note, what are the techniques of taking notes, if and how to transcribe recorded conversations from the field. We argue that ethnography is rather a poetic, non-linear, but cyclical process of deepening understanding, and an ethnographer is like a poet with her/his ability to encapsulate the world in a few sentences: an artist trying to capture emotions, observations, sounds, in a brief and unique way. We finally encourage ethnographers to explore poetry and its power to evoke unobvious associations, to make us wander between what we see and what can be noticed below the surface. We conclude with an example of romantic, patriotic poetry, which in one of our studies turns out to be surprisingly helpful in decoding cultural themes and references deeply hidden under observable reality.

International audience; The contemporary business education has been promoting competition to the detriment of cooperation. This is unfortunate, given the magnitude and complexity of the current crisis facing humanity: a situation which urgently requires cooperation. Based on an ethnographic study of IT management consultants, we propose a practice-based framework for education and training rooted in humanistic management principles to remedy this lack.

International audience; Ethnography is at the heart of what researchers in management and organization studies do. This crucial book offers a robust and original overview of ‘doing’ organizational ethnography, guiding readers through the essential qualitative methods for the study of organizations.

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International audience; In the Anthropocene we face elaborate social, economic and environmental problems that cannot be solved in any simple way. The dominant reason is their complexity and world-wide range. Furthemore, a profit-centered management is engaged in generating and supporting the crisis: a management pathology that can be seen as one of its roots (Mintzberg, 2019). A novel approach to management, albeit supported by traditional ideals is, at this time, verymuch needed: we need re-focusing its actions into human-centered (Mintzberg, 2015; Kostera, 2020). We believe that humanistic management is nowadays not just a sound model but a necessity. Such management manifests itself in three crucial aspects (Kociatkiewicz and Kostera, 2013): placing the human being at the centre of managements processes; creating a collective force that builds up heritage and culture; and recognition of human practical experience and reflexion. All of these processes are realised in practice in organisations through managerial communication (Mintzberg, 2009; Kostera and Szeluga-Romańska, 2015).Bruno Ollivier (2010) claims that each communicational situation inevitably embraces three dimensions: technical, linguistic and social. Longitudinal ethnographic research (such as Szeluga-Romańska, 2014) reveals that the role of the manager is profoundly influential in theshaping of key organisational communicational processes and may help to metamorphose the contents (written into the form) through good metaphors into practices that forge organisational social relations (Kostera, Szeluga-Romańska, 2015; Mintzberg, 2019).This paper proposes to include attentive communication into the groundworks of humanistic management with the intention to impact social relations and actions in a way that would benefit and preserve complexity, which is necessary in the Anthropocene. It can be a useful and powerful tool/process not just to share information, facts, but also to increase awareness, educate and improve collective engagement into contemporary elaborate problems.

International audience; In the Fall of 2016 a workshop was held which brought together over 50 scientists from the ecological and radio- logical fields to discuss feasibility and challenges of reintegrating ecosystem science into radioecology. There is a growing desire to incorporate attributes of ecosystem science into radiological risk assessment and radioecological research more generally, fueled by recent advances in quantification of emergent ecosystem at- tributes and the desire to accurately reflect impacts of radiological stressors upon ecosystem function. This paper is a synthesis of the discussions and consensus of the workshop participant's responses to three primary questions, which were: 1) How can ecosystem science support radiological risk assessment? 2) What ecosystem level endpoints potentially could be used for radiological risk assessment? and 3) What inference strategies and associated methods would be most appropriate to assess the effects of radionuclides on ecosystem structure and function? The consensus of the participants was that ecosystem science can and should support radiological risk assessment through the incorporation of quantitative metrics that reflect ecosystem functions which are sensi- tive to radiological contaminants. The participants also agreed that many such endpoints exit or are thought to exit and while many are used in ecological risk assessment currently, additional data need to be collected that link the causal mechanisms of radiological exposure to these endpoints. Finally, the participants agreed that ra- diological risk assessments must be designed and informed by rigorous statistical frameworks capable of reveal- ing the causal inference tying radiological exposure to the endpoints selected for measurement.

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National audience; Ruch oporu w naszym kraju jest znany i szanowany przez różne środowiska, od konserwatywnej prawicy, szczególnie pod postacią bohaterskiego Powstania Warszawskiego, po lewicę, oddającą cześć nieustraszonym antyfaszystowskim partyzantom. Dlaczegbo więc "opór wobec zmian" stale jest społecznym imaginarium straszakiem i przejawem karygodnego wstecznictwa? Skąd treści kursów promujące "liderów transformacyjnych" umiejących "pokonać opór"? Skąd medialny obraz szkodliwego i ciemnego oporu?

BackgroundSuicide has been decreasing over the past decade. However, we do not know whether socioeconomic inequality in suicide has been decreasing as well.AimsWe assessed recent trends in socioeconomic inequalities in suicide in 15 European populations.MethodThe DEMETRIQ study collected and harmonised register-based data on suicide mortality follow-up of population censuses, from 1991 and 2001, in European populations aged 35–79. Absolute and relative inequalities of suicide according to education were computed on more than 300 million person-years.ResultsIn the 1990s, people in the lowest educational group had 1.82 times more suicides than those in the highest group. In the 2000s, this ratio increased to 2.12. Among men, absolute and relative inequalities were substantial in both periods and generally did not decrease over time, whereas among women inequalities were absent in the first period and emerged in the second.ConclusionsThe World Health Organization (WHO) plan for ‘Fair opportunity of mental wellbeing’ is not likely to be met.Declaration of interestNone.

International audience; The magnitude of socioeconomic inequalities in mortality differs importantly between countries, but these variations have not been satisfactorily explained. We explored the role of behavioral and structural determinants of these variations, by using a dataset covering 17 European countries in the period 1970-2010, and by conducting multilevel multivariate regression analyses. Our results suggest that between-country variations in inequalities in current mortality can partly be understood from variations in inequalities in smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, and poverty. Also, countries with higher national income, higher quality of government, higher social transfers, higher health care expenditure and more self-expression values have smaller inequalities in mortality. Finally, trends in behavioral risk factors, particularly smoking and excessive alcohol consumption, appear to partly explain variations in inequalities in mortality trends. This study shows that analyses of variations in health inequalities between countries can help to identify entry-points for policy.

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International audience; The year 2020, the year of the COVID-19 pandemic has brought us consecutive phases of shock, disbelief and negation. As we were celebrating the New Year, we had already begun to hear of a new dangerous illness spreading in China, but most of us preferred to think then that it would not reach us. As it turns out, our Western governments and international organizations seem to also have found a similar line of reasoning, and took their time in preparing for a health crisis in our parts of the world. Then came the shock of the Italian health system meltdown. Following it, many countries, including Poland, suddenly went into lockdown in early spring, and imposed restrictions on mobility which froze entire societies, economies, and social institutions. Schools and universities introduced distance learning. In practice, as a best scenario, this meant that professional experiments were launched where the administrators provided teachers with space to do so. At worst, sensitive and complex pedagogical processes were forced into a Procrustean bed of platforms and appliances created for corporate use. [...]

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to consider three types of stories: media, personal accounts and fiction, and look for plots depicting situations of fundamental shift in the framing and basic definitions of reality. The authors examine them from the point of view of their usefulness for developing creative responses to systemic change. Design/methodology/approach The authors conducted a narrative study in three stages, aimed at identifying strong plots pertaining to systemic change. The analyzed material came from three different sources of narratives (fiction, media and creative stories) and was approached by the use of two different narrative methods: symbolic interpretation and narrative collage. Findings Currently many voices are being raised that the authors are living in times of interregnum, a period in between working systems. There is also a mounting critique of the business school as an institution perpetuating dysfunctional ideologies, rather than enhancing critical and creative thinking. The authors propose that the humanities, and, in particular, learning from fiction (and science fiction) can offer a language to talk about major (systemic) change help and support learning about alternative organizational realities. Research limitations/implications The study pertains to discourse and narratives, not to material aspects of culture construction. Practical implications Today, there is a mounting critique of business schools and their role in society. Following Martin Parker’s call to transform them into schools of organizing, helping to develop and discuss different alternatives instead of reproducing the dominant model, the authors suggest that education should be based, to much larger extent than until now, on the humanities. The authors propose educational programmes including the study of fiction and film. Social implications The authors propose that the humanities (and the study of fiction) can equip society with a suitable language to discuss and problematize systemic change. Originality/value This paper adds to narrative social studies through providing an analysis of strong plots showing ways of coping with systemic collapse, and through an examination of these plots’ significance for organizational education, learning, and planning. The authors present an argument for the broader use of fiction as a sensemaking, teaching, and learning tool for managing organizations in volatile environments.

CNRS 2, FNEGE 1, HCERES A; International audience; In times of erosion and dissolution of social structures and institutions, described by Bauman (Ethics and Global Politics 5:49–56, 2012) as the interregnum, there arises both a need and a possibility of developing alternative approaches to the most fundamental organizational practices. Marketing, a simultaneously tremendously successful and much criticized sub-discipline and practice, is a prime candidate for such a redefinition. Potential prefigurations of future processes of organizing and institutionalizing can be found within dissenting organizations (Daskalaki in European Urban and Regional Studies 25:155–170, 2018), the alternative organizations built at the fringes of, and in opposition to, the mainstream businesses as reported by Parker et al. (The Routledge companion to alternative organization, Routledge, Oxford, 2014). In this paper, we present an exploration of the alternative yet already enacted practice we call earnest marketing. Drawing on an ethnographic study of a number of dissenting organizations in the United Kingdom and Poland, we focus on the radical reconstitution of marketing evidenced in their practice, defined by an attitude of earnestness and dedication to the dissemination and demonstration of their self-defined goodness: ideas and values. As organizations engage in earnest marketing, they also become receptive to reciprocal messages from their environments. We conclude by reflecting on the possibilities of a dissenting management model developing the principles of earnest marketing beyond disciplinary confines.

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International audience; This book represents a narrative quest for a symbolic grounding to help leaders in times when stable social structures and institutions dissolve and disappear. Monika Kostera approaches this sense-making process through innovative research methods, collecting stories from participants and exploring plots and outcomes of an imagined meeting between two symbolic worlds: one of the internal and imaginative and the other of the external and corporate.

Socioeconomic inequalities in mortality are a challenge for public health around the world, but appear to be resistant to policy-making. We aimed to identify European countries which have been more successful than others in narrowing inequalities in mortality, and the factors associated with narrowing inequalities. We collected and harmonised mortality data by educational level in 15 European countries over the last 25 years, and quantified changes in inequalities in mortality using a range of measures capturing different perspectives on inequality (e.g., ‘relative’ and ‘absolute’ inequalities, inequalities in ‘attainment’ and ‘shortfall’). We determined which causes of death contributed to narrowing of inequalities, and conducted country- and period-fixed effects analyses to assess which country-level factors were associated with narrowing of inequalities in mortality. Mortality among the low educated has declined rapidly in all European countries, and a narrowing of absolute, but not relative inequalities was seen in many countries. Best performers were Austria, Italy (Turin) and Switzerland among men, and Spain (Barcelona), England and Wales, and Austria among women. Ischemic heart disease, smoking-related causes (men) and amenable causes often contributed to narrowing inequalities. Trends in income inequality, level of democracy and smoking were associated with widening inequalities, but rising health care expenditure was associated with narrowing inequalities. Trends in inequalities in mortality have not been as unfavourable as often claimed. Our results suggest that health care expansion has counteracted the inequalities widening effect of other influences. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s10654-019-00580-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

International audience; Background: Little is known about the relationship between physical injury and depression in youths from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze the association between serious physical injury and depressive symptoms among adolescents in 21 LMICs. Methods: Data from the Global School-based Student Health Survey (2003–2008) were analyzed. Serious physical injury and depressive symptoms in the past 12 months were assessed with self-report measures. The association between serious physical injury and depressive symptoms was examined using multivariable logistic regression analysis and meta-analysis. Results: The final sample consisted of 44,333 adolescents aged 12–15 years. After adjustment for sex, age, food insecurity, alcohol consumption, and country, an increasing number of serious physical injuries in the past 12 months was associated with increments in the odds for depressive symptoms in a dose-dependent fashion. Those who had ≥6 serious injuries (vs. no injuries) were 2.79 (95%CI=2.23–3.48) times more likely to have depressive symptoms. The pooled odds ratio (OR) (95%CI) for the association between at least one serious physical injury and depressive symptoms obtained by meta-analysis based on country-wise estimates was 1.83 (1.67–2.01) with a moderate level of between-country heterogeneity (I2=56.0%). Limitations: This was a cross-sectional study and causality of the association cannot be deduced. Conclusions: Serious physical injury may be a risk factor for depressive symptoms among adolescents in LMICs. Efforts to prevent physical injury and the provision of adequate health care for those who are injured may improve mental wellbeing among adolescents in this setting.

International audience; Det är viktigt att företagsekonomin inte sätter på sig skygglappar och har modet att ha en bred, systemisk syn på hållbarhet. Vi föreslår att företagsekonomin ger mera utrymme åt att söka och finna fungerande alternativ, inte genom att bara tänka ut nyheter hela tiden vilket inteär hållbart i längden, utan även genom att presentera organisationer som redan är i gång och kan inspirera till hållbart organiserande i större skala – en slags systemisk surdeg för hållbarhet. Vi illustrerar vår reflektion med berättelser från fältet. I en handlar det om sökandet efter en förståelse av det (alternativa) sociala företagandet och företagsamheten i det civila samhället. I den andra handlar det om små entreprenöriella organisationer som beskriver sig själva som fungerande utanför kapitalismen. I den tredje presenterar vi idéer kring hur organisering av konst/kultur i sin tur kan vara kopplade till hållbarhet.

Many recent publications hold a dark view of contemporary business administration and its context. The current state of capitalism and corporate management is described as zombie (Harman, 2009), ghostly(Roy, 2014) or, in the most benign appraisal, sick but not dying (Tomlinson, 2010). At the same time, business schools, textbooks and popular management books remain wedded to a reductive view of social interactions, drawing inspiration as well as authority from a century of socioeconomic triumph as well as from the rigid definitions of management relations as handed down by the founding figures of the discipline. Drawing inspiration from Walter Benjamin’s (1969) refiguring of Charles Baudelaire’s flâneur, we revisit the haunted spaces of popular management books, using the situationist method of dérive to invoke the ghosts of foundational thinkers for inspiration and, possibly, exorcism. The aim of this excursion is to propose strategies for communication about some old ideas of management which still can be regarded as vital, even though the contemporary forms may have become morbid (Fleming, 2017). Published with licence CC BY-NC-ND 4.0

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International audience; Crumbling social institutions, disintegrating structures, and a profound sense of uncertainty are the signs of our time. In this book, this contemporary crisis is explored and illuminated, providing narratives that suggest how the notion of hope can be leveraged to create powerful methods of organizing for the future. Chapters first consider theoretical and philosophical perspectives on hopeful organizing, followed by both empirical discussions about achieving change and more imaginative narratives of alternative and utopian futures, including an exploration of the differing roles of work, creativity, idealism, inclusivity and activism.

International audience

International audience; “The imagination is not a state: it is the human existence itself,” said visionary and poet William Blake more than 200 years ago. Imagination brings together existing elements into something new, yet inexistent and unthought of. It is a kind of creativity or, rather, the non-external space where creativity can take place. It involves both the mind and the feelings, body and soul, reflection and dream. Poetics is one of the modes by which imagination becomes structured and can be expressed. Organization theorist Heather Höpfl believed in the power of poetics in resisting the linearity and violence of control. Poetics is an organizing movement that subverts and undermines attempts at totalizing control. By the rejection of linearity and obsessive ordering, poetic imagination helps reclaim the desire for movement, transportation and creativity. The Greek etymology of the word metaphor suggests that adopting metaphorical thinking may help with finding new direction. In this chapter the authors adopt a poetic, rather than linear, approach to writing about organizing and organizations, and explore the power of poetry and metaphorical thinking about organizations and organizing using ideas from philosophy, their ethnographic research, organizational literature and poetry. They believe it can bring hope by helping to find new directions where systems and discourses seem to run dry or come to an end.

International audience; According to thinkers such as Zygmunt Bauman (2017a) and Wolfgang Streeck (2016), the current social world is ruled by a crumbling, morbidsystem. Old social institutions are failing and no new ones have yet emerged. This state in between ruling institutions has been labeled theinterregnum by Bauman (2012), using Antonio Gramsci’s metaphor. “The crisis consists precisely in the fact that the old is dying and the new cannot be born; in this interregnum a great variety of morbid symptoms appear” (Gramsci, 1971, p. 276), Gramsci foretold. Rather than literally denoting an era after the death of one sovereign yet before the enthronement of a new monarch, in today’s late global capitalism an interregnum denotes “times of uncertainty, and while [it is] raising many questions, three of them seem particularly pertinent to address at a time when rulers no longer can rule and the ruled no longer wish to be ruled: institutional disparity, the future of migrants and the endurability of the planet” (Bauman, 2012, p. 51). [...]