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Copyright of Hépato-Gastro & Oncologie Digestive is the property of John Libbey Eurotext Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Résumé: La tuberculose abdominale, outre le tractus digestif, peut atteindre le péritoine ou les viscères pleins tels que le foie et le pancréas. Les localisations hépatiques et bilio-pancréatiques sont rarement symptomatiques et de diagnostic difficile. L'atteinte péritonéale pose souvent le problème de la recherche étiologique d'une ascite riche en protéines. Le diagnostic repose sur l'analyse bactériologique et histologique des prélèvements de liquide d'ascite et de tissus. Le diagnostic différentiel se fait essentiellement avec les tumeurs malignes et les granulomatoses. Le traitement est médical et fait appel aux anti-tuberculeux. Abdominal tuberculosis, in addition to the digestive tract, may involve the peritoneum or solid viscera such as the liver and pancreas. Hepatic and bilio-pancreatic localizations are rarely symptomatic and difficult to diagnose. Peritoneal involvement often poses the problem of etiological investigation of protein-rich ascites. The diagnosis is based on bacteriological and histological analysis of ascites fluid and tissue samples. The differential diagnosis is essentially with malignant tumours and granulomatosis. Treatment is medical and involves anti-tuberculosis drugs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Résumé: La tuberculose gastro-intestinale est l'une des formes de tuberculose abdominale, la deuxième après la tuberculose péritonéale. Elle est caractérisée par un polymorphisme clinique et radiologique. Le diagnostic est souvent difficile et fondé sur l'imagerie, l'endoscopie, l'examen histologique et bactériologique de biopsies tissulaires. La tuberculose iléo-cæcale est la forme de tuberculose gastro-intestinale la plus fréquente. Son principal diagnostic différentiel est la maladie de Crohn. Il importe d'avoir une bonne stratégie diagnostique pour différencier ces deux affections. Le traitement de la tuberculose est médical et repose sur les antituberculeux, la chirurgie étant réservée aux complications. Tuberculosis of the digestive tract is one of the forms of abdominal tuberculosis, the 2nd after peritoneal tuberculosis. It is characterized by clinical and radiological polymorphism. Diagnosis is often difficult and based on imaging, endoscopy, histological and bacteriological examination of tissue biopsies. Ileocecal tuberculosis is the most common form of gastrointestinal tuberculosis. The main differential diagnosis is Crohn's disease. To have a good diagnostic strategy is important to differentiate these two conditions. The treatment of tuberculosis is medical and relies on antituberculosis drugs, surgery being reserved for complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Analyzes the experience of voluntary counseling and testing for HIV infection in Bangui, Central African Republic. Determination of peak visitation time; Determination of risk factors with HIV seropositivity; Risk for young women.

Introduction: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is common in developing countries such as Benin. This germ may cause the development of gastroduodenal diseases, ranging from gastritis to gastric cancer. Several studies on this bacterium carried out in Benin have used serology, anatomopathological examination of biopsies or antigen detection test on stool sample collections. The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of H. pylori infection and factors associated with H. pylori infection using a respiratory test. The bacterium could cause chronic inflammation of the gastric mucosa and peptic ulcer disease or, more rarely, gastric cancer or lymphoma., Methods: we conducted a prospective, descriptive study of 150 patients who performed carbon-14 urea breath test. Only patients admitted for respiratory test and who gave their consent were included. A survey was completed by all patients during the study. Simple univariate logistic regression analysis identified factors associated with H. pylori infection at a threshold of 0.05. Multivariate analysis included in the model all variables with a p-value less than 0.20. Manual top-down procedure was used until the final model was obtained, which allowed the retention of adjusted odds ratios for factors associated., Results: the average age of patients was 44.4±15.8 years, ranging from 5 to 84 years; men accounted for 54% of the study population. Of the 150 subjects, 82 (57.8%) had higher education level, compared with 8 (5.6%) who were not educated, 116 (80.6%) lived with a partner, 24 (36%) lived in a room with more than 10 people and 84 (59.6%) were christians. The main reasons why respiratory tests were performed were: poorly systematized abdominal pain (53.3%; 70/150), epigastric induced pain (35.3%; 53/150), epigastralgia (20.7%; 31/150), ulcer syndrome (16%; 24/150). Respiratory test showed that the prevalence of H. pylori in the study population was 34.7% (52/150). In multivariate analysis, the variables significantly associated with H. pylori infection were: mean age [aOR (95% CI) = 1.02; OR (95% CI) = 1.00-1.05 and p = 0.01] and prior treatment for H. pylori eradication [aOR (95% CI) = 4.79; OR (95% CI) = 1.50-13.86 and p = 0.006]. No comorbidity was associated with H. pylori infection in our series., Conclusion: the prevalence of H. pylori using this method was low (34.7%). It was significantly associated with mean age and prior treatment for H. pylori eradication., Competing Interests: Les auteurs ne déclarent aucun conflit d'intérêts., (Copyright: Aboudou Raïmi Kpossou et al.)

Introduction: hepatitis C is a public health problem worldwide, in particular in sub-Saharan Africa. The purpose of this study is to determine the seroprevalence of hepatitis C virus antibodies and associated factors during a voluntary general population screening program in Benin., Method: we conducted a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study in 4 big cities of 4 different departments in Benin in July 2016. All volunteers of all ages, residing in these targeted cities, who gave their informed consent were included in the study. ImuMed HCV Rapid Diagnostic Test (Healgen Scientific LLC, USA) was used. Logistic regression analysis was also used to identify factors associated with hepatitis C virus infection., Results: a total of 2809 volunteers with an average age of 25.9 ± 16.5 years (ranging from 0 to 86 years) were included in the study; 53.9% (1514/2809) of them were men and 46.1% (1295/2809) were women. More than half of the study population consisted of single (59.1%; 1612/2726); 41.3% (1074/2809) were pupils or students. VHC Seroprevalence was 1.5% (42/2809). In multivariate analysis, the variables significantly associated with anti-HCV carriage were: be 60 years old and older (aOR: 46.9, 95% CI 10.2-216.0; p<0.0001) and a history of alcoholism (aOR: 6.3; 95% CI 95% 3.3-12.1; p < 0.0001)., Conclusion: in the general population, the seroprevalence of anti-HCV antibodies was 1.5%. HCV infection mainly occurred in people aged 60 years and older and in those with a history of alcoholism., Competing Interests: Les auteurs ne déclarent aucun conflit d'intérêts., (Copyright: Aboudou Raïmi Kpossou et al.)

Introduction: hepatitis B is a global public health problem. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and its associated factors based on data from a mass screening in several localities across Benin., Method: we conducted a cross-sectional descriptive and analytical study with prospective data collection. Data collection was carried out during voluntary free hepatitis B screening organized by the Rotary Club in 23 localities across Benin from the 20 th to 28 th July 2019. Rapid test for diagnostic orientation was used for the detection of HBs antigen., Results: a total of 9035 volunteers were included in the study. They were mostly of Benin origin (99%), with a mean age of 27 years; 51.1% of them were singles, mainly schoolchildren, pupils or students (37.9%). HBV seroprevalence was 6% (545/9035) [95%CI=5.5%-6.5%]. In univariate analysis, factors associated with HBs Ag colonization were: age, sex, marital status, education level, occupation and a history of diabetes, scarification and hepatitis C, while in multivariate analysis they were: sex, age and education level., Conclusion: HBV seroprevalence is 6% in the study population. HBV infection mainly affects male subjects over 17 years of age with secondary-level education., Competing Interests: Les auteurs ne déclarent aucun conflit d´intérêts., (Copyright: Aboudou Raïmi Kpossou et al.)

Introduction: Constipation is rare in sub-Saharan Africa, due to the high intake of dietary fiber. The purpose of this work was to describe the different clinical features of functional constipation in the general population in Cotonou and to determine the impact of diet on its occurrence., Methods: This study was conducted from July to August 2017. Subjects were considered affected by functional constipation when criteria for Rome IV or Bristol stool scale were completed., Results: In total, 1058 participants were enrolled: (574 men, sex-ratio 1.2; average age 29 years). The prevalence of functional constipation was 24.2% (Rome IV) and 20.4% (Bristol stool scale). Clinical manifestations were dominated by the emission of hard or fragmented stools (90.6%), pushing efforts during defecation (78.9%), and feeling of incomplete evacuation (76.2%). Dietary habits among people affected by constipation were: at breakfast, maize meal + donut/peanuts (39.1%), lunch, corn dough (38.7%), at dinner, corn dough (57.4%), and as a snack banana (35.5%). There was no statistically significant relationship between constipation and morning meal (p=0.09), lunch meal (p=0.901), snack (p=0.09) or dinner (p=0.75) respectively., Conclusion: The emission of hard or fragmented stools was the most common clinical manifestation among people affected by constipation living in Cotonou. Dietary habits do not influence the occurrence of functional constipation in our case series., Competing Interests: Les auteurs ne déclarent aucun conflit d´intérêts., (© Jean Séhonou et al.)

Introduction: the association between the kidneys and hepatitis B is complex. This study aims to determine the prevalence and factors associated with renal disease in people living with hepatitis B virus (PLHBV) in Cotonou., Methods: we conducted a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study in the Hepatogastroenterology Department at the National University Hospital Center in Cotonou over the period May -August 2017. All the patients with positive hepatitis B surface antigen (HBS Ag) test hospitalized in the study period were included. The diagnosis of renal failure was retained in patients with glomerular filtration rate less than 90 mL/min/1.73 m 2 (estimated with MDRD Equation)., Results: the study involved 105 patients with positive hepatitis B surface antigen (HBS Ag) test Among them, 65 (61.9%) were under anti-HBV treatment ( 62 of them were under tenofovir ); 41 patients had renal failure (39%) with tubular involvement (2 cases) and glomerular involvement (4 cases). Renal function had got progressively worse over time in 22 patients (21%) and had improved in 6 patients (5.7%). Univariate analysis showed that factors associated with the occurrence of renal failure were: age greater than 50 years (p = 0.0125), high blood pressure (p = 0.0037), initially abnormal renal function (p < 0.0003) and co-medications (p = 0.0007). Anti-HBV treatment wasn't associated with the occurrence of renal failure (p = 0.2887)., Conclusion: the prevalence of renal failure in PLHBV was high (39%). Age, arterial hypertension, pre-existing renal failure and co-medications were identified as factors associated with decline in renal function in PLHBV., Competing Interests: Les auteurs ne déclarent aucun conflit d’intérêts.

Objectives: In July 1997, the National Reference Center for Sexually Transmitted Diseases of Bangui, Central African Republic (CAR), was expanded by the creation of an anonymous and voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) unit for HIV infection, the Anonymous Surveillance Unit (Unité de Dépistage Anonyme [UDA]). The goal of the UDA was to initiate and promote voluntary HIV testing in the general adult population of Bangui. We carried out an observational and comprehensive survey over a 4-year period to document and analyze the experience of VCT in the UDA, with special attention to risk factors associated with HIV infection., Methods: All clients for VCT were given adequate pretest counseling by trained counselors focused on knowledge about HIV infection and sexually transmitted infections, individual risks of acquiring HIV, and anticipation of the client's attitude about test results. After consent was obtained, a blood sample was drawn and tested for HIV by two ELISAs in parallel. The client paid a standard cost of $1.20 at the initial visit. After a week, test results were given to the client during the posttest visit, at which time HIV-seropositive individuals received emotional support and were referred to specific social or medical structures. Seronegative clients received reinforcement of prevention messages and were asked to come back for serologic follow-up free of charge after 3 (M3) and 12 (M12) months., Results: From July 1997 to March 2001, 5686 individuals aged 14 to 65 years (mean age, 27 years) had an initial visit for VCT (V1). Peaks of UDA visitation (250-450 clients) were observed on the annual AIDS Day in the CAR, at which time HIV serologic testing was offered free of charge. A total of 5060 (89%) clients came back for a second visit (V2) to receive test results. Among those, 18.3% were infected with HIV type 1. Multivariate analysis of risk factors demonstrated marked association of HIV seropositivity with age, female gender, widowed/divorced women, poor or low education level, occupations such as civil servants or merchants, presence of symptoms of sexually transmitted infections, and lack of systematic condom use. Single young women were at higher risk for HIV infection compared with men of the same age (OR = 7.7 for women aged 15-24 years, 95% CI: 4.0-14.0; OR = 2.8 for women aged 25-34 years, 95% CI: 1.7-4.5). Widowed women older than 44 years of age were more likely to be HIV-seropositive than men (OR = 10.0; 95% CI: 1.7-83.6). A total of 885 (21%) HIV-seronegative individuals returned for follow-up at 3 months (M3; 0.45% rate of seroconversion). Seventy-nine (9%) individuals returned at 12 months (M12), without any new cases of HIV infection. HIV-negative clients consulting at M3 and M12 showed a significant reduction in unprotected intercourse with occasional sexual partners., Conclusion: This experience demonstrates that VCT for HIV infection is feasible in Central Africa.