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The persistent sciatic artery is an uncommon disease, considered an axial congenital vascular malformation due to the lack of involution of the sciatic artery during embryonic development. It may be associated with abnormalities in the development of the iliac, common femoral and superficial femoral arteries. Patients may be asymptomatic, or they could present chronic pain, such as sciatic neuralgia, caused by nerve damage, since it is close to the abnormal persistent vessel, or due to ischemic pain, as a result of a thrombosis or embolism of an aneurysm, which could compromise the viability of the limb., (Copyright © 2021 Sociedad Española de Neurocirugía. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

Phlegmasia cerulea dolens is a very infrequent condition secondary to a deep venous thrombosis of multietiological origin usually affecting the lower extremities. It presents with pain and edema in the lower limb rapidly progressive that can compromise the perfusion of the limb, being able to cause gangrene, amputation and even death. We present an extremely rare case of a phlegmasia secondary to a massive deep venous tombosis of the left iliofemoral axis caused by chronic compressive hematoma of a traumatic origin due to a S1 screw shearing in a patient operated three months ago of a lumbar herniated disc through a L5-S1 fussion. This article shows the need to perform a scrupulously scrutinize of the screws both intra and postoperatively when we are close to the great vessels., (Copyright © 2019 Sociedad Española de Neurocirugía. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)