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Objective: To find out actual statistics on breastfeeding in Spain, as well as sociocultural and perinatal factors that affect its initiation and maintenance., Design: Prospective, multicentre, longitudinal, nationwide study (XXX study). SITE: Primary care paediatricians' office., Participants: Cohort of newborns born between April 2017 and March 2018 in Spain who were followed up to two years of age in 8 visits., Main Measures: Rates of different types of breastfeeding were analysed at each visit and variables related to gestation, delivery, neonatal period, social, economic and biological variables were also analysed., Results: Initial sample of 1946 (50.1% male). 90.7% decided to initiate breastfeeding at birth. Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) was 66.4% at 15days and 35.2% at 6months. Any type of breastfeeding (total breastfeeding [TBF]) at 6months was 61.7%. Median survival from TBF was 6.0months (95%CI: 6.0-6.1). Variables related to EBF at 15days: previous children, mother's level of education, absence of illness during pregnancy, no separation of mother and child at birth, no dummy use, no nipple problems, and time of decision to breastfeed. Variables related to longer duration of TBF: relationship of parents older than 5years, no dummy use, co-sleeping at one month of life, deciding to breastfeed before pregnancy, receiving information on breastfeeding during pregnancy and using support from associations., Conclusions: Early abandonment of breastfeeding is a major problem in Western societies. There are factors that can be worked on to improve outcomes., (Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

Introduction: The most widely used tool for assessing breastfeeding self-efficacy is the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale-Short Form (BSES-SF). This study assesses the relationship between the BSES-SF score and the risk of breastfeeding (BF) cessation and determines the cut-off point in the scale score that optimizes detection of this risk in primary health care pediatric consultations., Methods: Secondary data analysis of the LAyDI study. Cohort study carried out through a research network of primary care pediatricians (PAPenRed). A newborn was recruited every month for one year by 210 pediatricians. The cohort was followed for 24 months. Mothers responded to the BSES-SF at the first visit. General pregnancy and delivery data were collected and assessed to determine whether breastfeeding was exclusive or supplemented during the first 6 months., Results: N = 1845. The Area Under the ROC Curve for the exclusive BF was 0.790 (0.765-0.815) the first month and 0.760 (0.734-0.786) the second month. For 4 and 6 months, as well as for any age in mothers who give supplemented BF, the Area Under the Curve was less than 0.75 and its predictive capacity was not considered to be good. For a sensitivity of 80% in detecting mothers at risk of BF cessation with the BSES-SF, the cut-off score was 58., Conclusions: Mothers with a BSES-SF score below 58 points in primary health care, are at risk of early withdrawal of exclusive BF within two months., (Copyright © 2021. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U.)

Introduction: The most widely used tool for assessing breastfeeding self-efficacy is the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale-Short Form (BSES-SF). This study asses the relationship between the BSES-SF score and the risk of breastfeeding (BF) cessation and determine the cut-off point in the scale score that optimizes detection of this risk in primary health care pediatric consultations., Methods: Secondary data analysis of the LAyDI study. It is a cohort study. It was carried out through a research network of primary care pediatricians (PAPenRed). A newborn was recruited every month for one year by 210 pediatricians. The cohort was followed for 24 months. Mothers responded to the BSES-SF at the first visit. General pregnancy and delivery data were collected and assessed to determine whether breastfeeding was exclusive or supplemented during the first six months., Results: n = 1,845. The area under the ROC curve for the exclusive BF was 0.790 (0.765-0.815) the first month and 0.760 (0.734-0.786) the second month. For four and six months, as well as for any age in mothers who give supplemented BF, the Area Under the Curve was less than 0.75 and its predictive capacity was not considered to be good. For a sensitivity of 80% in detecting mothers at risk of BF cessation with the BSES-SF, the cut-off score was 58., Conclusions: Mothers with a BSES-SF score below 58 points in primary health care, are at risk of early withdrawal of exclusive BF within two months., (Copyright © 2020. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U.)

We performed a prospective study of 40 infants with suspended urinary tract infection to determine standards for ultrasound guidance of suprapubic bladder aspiration (SBA). Only transverse bladder diameter showed a significant correlation with bladder volume (r = 0.83, P < 0.001). Urine was obtained in 36 patients (90%). The mean transverse diameter was 4.4 +/- 0.8 cm (range 3-6.1 cm). In the 4 patients (10%) in whom urine was not obtained, the transverse diameter was 3.2 +/- 0.2 cm (range 2.9-3.5 cm). Our findings indicate that a SBA is more likely to be successful when the transverse diameter is above 3.5 cm, whereas when the diameter is lower than 3 cm the procedure is less likely to be successful.

Objective: To determine the incidence of pollakiuria in children with idiopathic hypercalciuria., Methods: The clinical records of 56 children with idiopathic hypercalciuria were reviewed. In addition to pollakiuria, they were evaluated for other associated disorders, maximum urinary osmolality, urodynamic study and overall clinical course., Results: Nine children (16%), 4 boys and 5 girls, presented with pollakiuria associated with urgency, nocturnal enuresis, hematuria and urinary incontinence. Two showed normal urodynamic studies and unstable bladder was observed in another case. All but one patient preserved normal renal concentration capacity. The course of the micturition symptoms was satisfactory and only three cases required pharmacological treatment., Conclusions: In the absence of urinary infection, pollakiuria might suggest the presence of hypercalciuria, a condition that can be managed successfully following correct diagnosis and treatment. Renal concentration capacity is not reduced by hypercalciuria.