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Key to Amphibolips ��� nassa��� -group of species 1. Metatarsal claw simple. Antenna entirely light brown. Mesopleuron weakly sculptured, speculum glabrous, smooth (Fig. 3E). Mesoscutellum without posteromedian depression (Figs 2C & 2F).............................................. 2 - Metatarsal claw with large basal lobe. Antenna completely black or bicolored always darker in basal half (black to dark brown in basal half and brown to ambarine distally). Mesopleuron coarsely sculptured, speculum sculptured and sometimes pubescent. Mesoscutellum with distinct posteromedian depression (Figs 2 G���H, 4B���D & 5D���E)................................ 3 2. Mesoscutum uniformly rugose. Notaulus traceable only in posterior third, furrows deep, broad, smooth (Fig. 2C). Median propodeal area smooth, glabrous. Metasomal terga smooth, without micropunctures. Forewing almost hyaline, without darkened areas. Males and females...................................................................... A. salicifoliae - Mesoscutum not uniformly rugose, anterior half with transversal interrupted faint carinae, rugate in posterior half (Fig. 2F). Notaulus complete, shallow, hardly traceable under sculpture, notaular furrow faintly carinate (Fig. 2F). Median propodeal area faintly rugose. Metasomal tergum II with fine micropunctures in posterior 1/3, sometimes not visible in dorsal view, and rarely completely absent in the sexual generation; subsequent terga micropunctured. Forewing hyaline, with only heavily infuscate patch in the basal area of radial cell (similar to Fig. 1B). Sexual and asexual generations............ A. quercuspomiformis 3. Forewing hyaline, only with a heavily infuscate patch in basal area of radial cell (Fig. 1B). Internal lateral margin of notaulus delimited by a carina in posterior half of mesoscutum (Figs 2 D���E).............................................. 4 - Forewing differently colored, infuscation covers larger area than basal area of radial cell (Figs 1A, 1 C���G & 2A���B). Notaulus, if present, with lateral margins not delimited by carinae (Fig. 2G)............................................... 5 4. Metasoma reddish-brown; posterior 1/3 of T2 with band of hardly traceable micropunctures. Frons coarsely reticulate-rugose. Notaulus complete, broad. Mesoscutellar posteromedian depression shallow, only slightly depressed (Fig. 2D). Speculum finely rugose, glabrous. Males and females............................................................. A. aliciae - Metasoma ambarine; posterior 1/3 of T2 with band of distinct micropunctures. Frons alutaceous, with fine rugae. Notaulus incomplete, visible under rugose sculpture in posterior half. Mesoscutellar posteromedian depression conspicuously deep (Fig. 2E). Speculum uniformly sparsely pubescent, with transversal carinae. Only females............................................................................ A. comini nom. nov. (= A. kinseyi Cuesta-Porta & Pujade-Villar, 2020) 5. Forewing infuscate at least in distal half with transverse hyaline band in apical 1/3 of radial cell, extended or not towards inferior margin of wing (Figs 1A & 1 F���G); some males with reduced transverse hyaline band (Fig. 6C).................... 6 - Female forewing generally slightly infuscate with conspicuous heavily infuscate band on anterior margin, never with transverse hyaline band (Figs 1D, 1E & 2A); male forewing completely infuscate with distinct darker band on anterior margin (Fig. 1C). Sometimes forewing of male and female with hyaline area in distal third of radial cell (Fig. 1C)...................... 16 6. Body black, rarely metasoma dorsally black, ventrally rufous. Basal cell completely infuscate; transversal hyaline band incomplete (Fig. 1F), not reaching posterior margin (except complete band in A. castroviejoi, but in this case mesoscutellar foveae smooth), if almost reaching posterior margin, hyaline band strongly narrowed posteriorly (Fig. 1G).................... 7 - Head and mesosoma black, metasoma rufous or ambarine. Basal cell hyaline (Fig. 1A); forewing with complete transversal hyaline band with subparallel margins, reaching posterior margin in female (Fig. 1A), scutellar foveae rugate or transversally carinate; the only species with male (A. bassae), with forewing completely infuscate, with small round hyaline area in median part of first costal cell near margin with radial cell.......................................................... 13 7. Mesoscutellar posterior depression deep, posteromedian depression V-shaped in dorsal view (Figs 4 B���D & 4F), with lateral sharp horn-like projections, sometimes projections bent upwards apically (Fig. 4E). Propodeal carinae distinct (Fig. 3F)... 8 - Mesoscutellar posteromedian depression present, not V-shaped in dorsal view (Figs 3 A���B & 5E); lateral sides of mesoscutellum barely projected posteriorly. Propodeal carinae indistinct................................................. 12 8. Forewing with broad transversal hyaline band, covering 3/4 of radial cell (Fig. 1G). Mesoscutellar posteromedian depression without deeper median groove; mesoscutellar foveae divided by strong carina in females, not divided in males A. magnigalla - Forewing with narrower transversal hyaline band, covering distal 1/3 or less of radial cell (Fig. 1F). Mesoscutellar posteromedian depression with median groove deeper than posterior depression, sometimes extending anteriorly, dividing mesoscutellar foveae (Figs 4C & 4F)................................................................................. 9 9. Mesoscutellum at least 1.2x as long as broad. 2r vein curved or slightly angled, not projected into radial cell (Fig. 6A).... 10 - Mesoscutellum as long as broad. 2r vein angled, conspicuously projected into radial cell (Figs 6 B���C)................. 11 10. Posterolateral projections of mesoscutellum flat and rounded apically (Fig. 4C). Mesoscutellar median groove projected anteriorly, dividing mesoscutellar foveae. Notaulus conspicuous and almost complete (Fig. 4C). Forewing with transversal hyaline band wide covering central 1/3 of 3 rd cubital cell in females, males with narrow transversal band, less than 1/5 of 3 rd cubital cell���s length; base of 3 rd cubital cell uniformly infuscate in males and females............................. A. kinseyi - Posterolateral projections of mesoscutellum acute and pointing upwards apically. Mesoscutellar median groove not projected into mesoscutellar foveae (Fig. 4D). Notaulus inconspicuous under coarse rugae, if visible, then only in posterior half of mesoscutum (Fig. 4D). Forewing with transversal hyaline band narrow, covering less than 1/5 of 3 rd cubital cell���s length in females; base of 3 rd cubital cell with less infuscate area, completely separated from transversal hyaline band by deeply infuscate strip.......................................................................................... A. nigrialatus 11. Mesoscutellar median groove extended anteriorly, dividing mesoscutellar foveae (Fig. 4F). Area aside of parapsidal lines rugose. Only females.............................................................................. A. turulli - Mesoscutellar median groove not extended anteriorly into mesoscutellar foveae, mesoscutellar foveae divided by irregular carina (Fig. 4B). Area aside of parapsidal lines coriaceous, without rugae. Males and females.................. A. dampfi 12. Mesoscutellum and mesoscutellar foveae uniformly rugose, foveae not divided (Fig. 2H). Posterodorsal area of mesopleuron coarsely rugate. Forewing with costal, discoidal, and anal cells hyaline. Metasoma black. Only females...... A. durangensis - Mesoscutellar foveae smooth and divided by strong carina (Fig. 2G). Posterodorsal area of mesopleuron smooth or faintly rugate. Forewing completely infuscate, except from transversal hyaline band (Fig. 2B). Metasoma dorsally black, ventrally rufo-piceous. Males and females.............................................................. A. castroviejoi 13. Mesoscutellar posteromedian depression absent or shallow, never reaching posteroventral margin of mesoscutellum (Fig. 3A). Only females................................................................................... A. fusus - Mesoscutellar posteromedian depression distinct, reaching posteroventral margin of mesoscutellum (Fig. 3B)........... 14 14. Notauli complete, traceable under sculpture, reaching anterior margin; median mesoscutal line absent. Mesoscutellum 1.1x as long as broad; median carina between mesoscutellar foveae faint. Posterolateral projections of mesoscutellum extending downwards, forming carina delimiting mesoscutellar emargination in posterior view (Fig. 5H). Only females..... A. bromus - Notauli incomplete, lost under sculpture in anterior half, median mesoscutal line distinct in females (Fig. 3B); in males notaulus and median line almost inconspicuous, under coarse rugulose sculpture. Mesoscutellum in females 0.8���0.9x as long as broad, median carina between mesoscutellar foveae strong (Fig. 5E); in males, mesoscutellum 1.1x as long as broad, median carina between mesoscutellar foveae strong, partially under rugae of foveae. Posterior projections of mesoscutellum pointed (Fig. 5E), not extending downwards in both sexes................................................................... 15 15. Mesoscutellar posterolateral projections pointed, elongated upwards (Fig. 5E). Clypeus and mandibles uniformly chestnut brown. Females with F11 clearly divided by incomplete sulcus; F11 behind sulcus 2.0x as long as broad. Metasoma ambarine. Males and females............................................................................. A. bassae - Mesoscutellar posterolateral projections rounded, not pointed upwards (Fig. 3B). Clypeus chestnut brown, mandibles rufous. F11 not divided by faint incomplete sulcus; F11 as long as broad behind sulcus. Metasoma reddish-brown. Only females............................................................................................... A. cibriani 16. Forewing with costal, basal, first cubital cells and part of anal cell under basal cell uniformly infuscate (Fig. 2A). Only females....................................................................................... A. oaxacae - Costal and anal cells not infuscate or less infuscate than basal and radial cell (Fig. 1D). Known males always with completely infuscate forewing, sometimes hyaline in third cubital and discoidal cells (Fig. 1C)................................ 17 17. Proximal part of radial cell heavily infuscate; R1, Rs and 2r veins not traceable through infuscate band or hardly visible (Fig. 1E). Forewing completely infuscate. Only females.......................................................... 18 - Radial cell not heavily infuscate, sometimes infuscate band lightened at distal end of radial cell usually extending to anterior margin of 3rd cubital cell; R1, Rs and 2r visible in females (Fig. 1D); forewing faintly infuscate, more or less hyaline. Forewing of males completely and heavily infuscate with inconspicuous veins at base of radial cell........................... 19 18. Mesoscutellar foveae emarginate medially by conspicuous carina with transversal carinae emerging laterally (similar to Fig. 3C). Metasomal tergum II shining, smooth in front of micropuncture band............................ A. zacatecaensis - Mesoscutellar foveae smooth, not separated medially or with faint incomplete median carina on anterior margin, transversal carinae absent or faint (Fig. 5D). Metasomal tergum II posteriorly coriaceous previous to micropunctured band, not reaching half-length of tergum............................................................................ A. nassa 19. Mesoscutellar foveae smooth, divided medially by strong carina. Mesoscutellar posterior depression not reaching basis of mesoscutellum, interrupted by strong transverse carina on posterior end (Figs 5F & 5G). Radial cell in males less than 3.5x as long as broad. Males and females............................................................ A. michoacaensis - Scutellar foveae with transverse carinae extending laterally from median carina (Fig. 4A). Scutellar depression reaching posterior margin of mesoscutellum, not interrupted by strong transverse carina. Radial cell in males longer................. 20 20. Lateral margin of eye shining, smooth (Fig. 5A)............................................................ 21 - Lateral margin of eye with fine sculpture (Figs 5 B���C)....................................................... 23 21. Metasomal tergum II punctured on posterior 1/5 on dorsal part and 1/3 laterally; with fine longitudinal striations on anterior part behind punctuation (Fig. 5J). In females F1 1.4x as long as F2. Males and females........................ A. jaliscensis - Metasomal tergum II with uniformly punctured band on posterior 1/3. In females F1 1.6x as long as F2. In some species males known also......................................................................................... 22 22. Metasomal tergum II with small dorsal projection of punctures towards anterior margin, never reaching half-length of tergum (Fig. 3G); rest of terga mainly smooth with fine coriaceous sculpture limiting punctures. Only females............ A. rulli - Metasomal tergum II with band of punctures not projected on dorsal part; rest of terga coriaceous reaching anterior margin of metasoma (Fig. 5I). Males and females.......................................................... A. nevadensis 23. Mesoscutum rugose, posteromedial area less densely rugose, rugae forming larger cells compared to rest of mesoscutum, usually along median carina and notauli (Fig. 3D). Lateral and dorsal margin of eye with fine carinae irradiating from eye (Fig. 5B). Scutellar foveae subtriangular, limited posteriorly and medially by rugose sculpture, medial carina shorter than length of foveae; posterior depression variable in depth, but never reaching scutellar foveae, uniformly rugulose with alutaceous sculpture between rugae like rest of mesoscutellum (Fig. 3D). Metascutellum rectangular, more than 2.0x as broad as high. Males and females................................................................................... A. tarasco - Mesoscutum uniformly rugose, rugae forming similar cells along the mesoscutum, notauli and medial sulci inconspicuous (Fig. 3C). Lateral margin of eyes rugose-coriaceous, not emarginate (Figs 5C). Scutellar foveae quadrangular, limited posteriorly by transverse carinae never by rugose sculpture, median carina as long as length of foveae; posterior depression reaching scutellar foveae, with transverse carinae, smooth interspaces (Fig. 3C). Metascutellum quadrate, less than 1.8x as broad as high. Only females................................................................................. A. hidalgoensis, Published as part of Cuesta-Porta, V��ctor, Equihua-Mart��nez, George Melika Armando, Estrada-Venegas, Edith G., Cibri��n-Tovar, David, Barrera-Ru��z, Uriel M., Silva, Salvador Ordaz, S��nchez, Imelda Virginia L��pez & Pujade-Villar, Juli, 2021, A new name for Amphibolips kinseyi Cuesta-Porta & Pujade-Villar and a revised key to the Amphibolips ' nassa' species-complex from Mexico and Central America (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae), pp. 331-345 in Zootaxa 4938 (3) on pages 335-337, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4938.3.4, http://zenodo.org/record/4569695, {"references":["Cuesta-Porta, V., Equihua-Martinez, A., Estrada-Venegas, E., Cibrian-Tovar, D., Barrera-Ruiz, U. M., Ordaz Silva, S., Lopez Sanchez, I. V., Melika, G. & Pujade-Villar, J. (2020) Revision of the Amphibolips species of the ' nassa ' complex from Mexico and central America (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae). Zootaxa, 4877, (1), 1 - 50. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4877.1.1"]}

Cuesta-Porta, Víctor, Equihua-Martínez, George Melika Armando, Estrada-Venegas, Edith G., Cibrián-Tovar, David, Barrera-Ruíz, Uriel M., Silva, Salvador Ordaz, Sánchez, Imelda Virginia López, Pujade-Villar, Juli (2021): A new name for Amphibolips kinseyi Cuesta-Porta & Pujade-Villar and a revised key to the Amphibolips 'nassa' species-complex from Mexico and Central America (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae). Zootaxa 4938 (3): 331-345, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4938.3.4

Amphibolips oaxacae Nieves-Aldrey & Pascual Amphibolips oaxacae Nieves-Aldrey & Pascual, 2012. In Nieves-Aldrey et al.2012: 14–16. Material examined. HOLOTYPE. ♀ deposited in MNCN (Cat. nº 2249; Code: 89204). MEXICO, Oaxaca, S. Pe-dro Tapanatepec, 16º 22’ 34.40” N, 94º 04’ 43 11” W, 1300 masl; Ex gall Quercus sp. aff. sapotifolia, (29.iii.2006) iii.2006, leg. E. Pascual. Diagnosis. This species is characterized by completely infuscate forewing, with anterior infuscate band, including costal and proximal half of anal cells, radial cell uniformly infuscate (Fig. 13F); scutellar posterior depression deep, almost as broad as scutellar foveae (Fig. 11I). Besides the distinctive forewing pattern, adults closely resemble A. tarasco by less densely rugate mesoscutum in posteromedian margin. These species can be differentiated by their mesoscutellum: scutellar foveae ovate, median carina complete in A. oaxacae (foveae triangular with median carina reduced to anterior half of foveae and the rest is rugate in A. tarasco), posteromedian depression almost as broad as total width of foveae (around half of total width of foveae in A. tarasco) (Figs 11 I–J). The globular gall resembles others but galls of A. oaxacae and A. tarasco are hard, around 40 mm in diameter, not deformable at finger pressure, with mottled surface. Both species cannot be differentiated by galls shape, only by the host plant: A. oaxacae galls on Quercus sp. aff. s apotifolia, A. tarasco galls on Q. castanea. Gall. A subglobose large bud gall, maximum 40 mm in diameter, outer shell thin, resistant, slightly lignified. Pale green with darker green spots when fresh and turning brown when dry. The gall is monolocular, with a spongy internal tissue, filling in the entire gall; the larval cell is rounded (Nieves-Aldrey et al. 2012: Fig. 18F). Host. Quercus sp. aff. sapotifolia (according to original description). Biology. Only females are known. The galls were collected in March; adults emerged in the same month. Distribution. Mexico: Oaxaca State. Remarks. Most closely resembles A. tarasco. Only one specimen of A. oaxacae is known and until more material is found it is impossible to sort out the intraspecific variability in this species. However, the actual differences that determine A. oaxacae are robust enough to consider it as a valid species., Published as part of Cuesta-Porta, Víctor, Equihua-Martínez, Armando, Estrada-Venegas, Edith G., Cibrián-Tovar, David, Barrera-Ruíz, Uriel M., Silva, Salvador Ordaz, Sánchez, Imelda Virginia López, Melika, George & Pujade-Villar, Juli, 2020, Revision of the Amphibolips species of the ' nassa' complex from Mexico and central America (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae), pp. 1-50 in Zootaxa 4877 (1) on page 23, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4877.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4567340, {"references":["Nieves-Aldrey, J. L., Pascual, E., Maldonado-Lopez, Y., Medianero, E. & Oyama, K. (2012) Revision of the Amphibolips species of Mexico excluding the \" niger complex \" Kinsey (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae), with description of seven new species. Zootaxa, 3545 (1), 1 - 40. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3545.1.1"]}

Amphibolips nevadensis Nieves-Aldrey & Pascual Amphibolips nevadensis Nieves-Aldrey & Pascual, 2012. In Nieves-Aldrey et al., 2012: 19–22. Material examined. HOLOTYPE. ♀ deposited in MNCN (Cat. nº 2252; Code: 89217). MEXICO, Jalisco, Nevado Colima, Ciudad Guzmán, 2300 m; Ex Q. candicans, (20.viii.2009), leg. E. Pascual. Paratypes (deposited in MNCN): 2♂, “ Nevado Colima, 2370 m, Ex Q. candicans, (31.iii.2009) iv.2009, leg. E. Pascual ” (Codes: 89218–89219). Aditional material. Deposited in UB with the following labels: “S066; S068, MEXICO, Monte Escobedo, Montes Escobedo, Zacatecas, (21.vii.2011) only galls, Ex Q. calophylla ”; “S243, MEXICO, Propiedad la Victoria, Barrio la Tlazintla, Acaxochitlán, Hidalgo, (07.vi.2010) only galls, Ex Quercus sp.”. Diagnosis. This species is characterized by faintly infuscate forewings, with anterior infuscate band in females (male forewing completely infuscate with darker anterior band); lateral margin of eye with a smooth band usually emarginate by a carina; metasoma tergum II before band of micropunctures almost completely coarsely coriaceous, with some fine irregular longitudinal striae. Closely resembles A. jaliscensis (see diagnosis to A. jaliscensis). Also closely resembles A. rulli n. sp. but differs in the sculpture of metasoma tergum II, which is coriaceous in front of the micropuncture band in A. nevadensis (smooth in front of micropunctures in A. rulli n. sp.). Galls are very similar to those of A. nassa and A. rulli n. sp.; these species cannot be differentiated by galls, only by the host plant; Amphibolips nevadensis on Q. calophylla, A. nassa on Q. castanea and A. rulli n. sp. on Q. eduardi and Q. viminea. All these galls are subglobose, very hard and fusiform at apex, ending in a defined tip. Gall. A subspherical bud gall, fusiform at apex, ending in a tip, maximum 40 mm in diameter, outer shell thin, resistant, slightly lignified. Olive green with pale green spots when fresh and turning dark green when dry. The gall is monolocular, with a spongy internal tissue, filling the entire gall. The larval cell is rounded. Pictures of the gall are provided in Nieves-Aldrey et al. (2012: Figs 19E–F) Host. According to the original description, Q. calophylla (= candicans). We found galls on the same host plant. Biology. Only females are known. The galls were collected in March; adults emerged in the same month. Distribution. Mexico: Jalisco State. Remarks. Nieves-Aldrey et al. (2012) confused the figure of the mesosoma (dorsal view) of the male of A. nevadensis with that of a female of A. oaxacae (Nieves-Aldrey et al. 2012: Fig. 7B). Herein we provide the mesosomal view of a type male of A. nevadensis (Fig.12E)., Published as part of Cuesta-Porta, Víctor, Equihua-Martínez, Armando, Estrada-Venegas, Edith G., Cibrián-Tovar, David, Barrera-Ruíz, Uriel M., Silva, Salvador Ordaz, Sánchez, Imelda Virginia López, Melika, George & Pujade-Villar, Juli, 2020, Revision of the Amphibolips species of the ' nassa' complex from Mexico and central America (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae), pp. 1-50 in Zootaxa 4877 (1) on pages 22-23, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4877.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4567340, {"references":["Nieves-Aldrey, J. L., Pascual, E., Maldonado-Lopez, Y., Medianero, E. & Oyama, K. (2012) Revision of the Amphibolips species of Mexico excluding the \" niger complex \" Kinsey (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae), with description of seven new species. Zootaxa, 3545 (1), 1 - 40. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3545.1.1"]}

Amphibolips bromus Pujade-Villar & Cuesta-Porta n. sp. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 8256CC0E-6C41-48DE-8F9B-15F295ABD670 Type material. HOLOTYPE. ♀ (deposited in UB) with the following labels: “ MEXICO, Predio La Victoria, Acaxochitlan, Hidalgo ” (white label), “ Q. affinis, (03.v.2014) 16-31.v.2014, leg. U. Barrera-Ruiz ” (white label). “ Holotype Amphibolips bromus Pujade Villar & Cuesta-Porta n. sp., desig. Cuesta-Porta, 2020” (red label). Additional material. Galls collected in Sta. Fe (Mexico State) in June 2018 and June 2019 on Q. crassipes Etymology. The name refers to the genus Bromus (Poaceae), because the gall resembles some of the flowers of the species in this genus. Diagnosis. The new species is characterized by the forewing colouration: infuscate on the distal half with a hyaline cross band covering the whole width of the wing on distal third; mesoscutellum slightly longer than broad with posterolateral projections ending in a carina, posteriorly defining the margin of the depression on the mesoscutellum; scutellar fovea with a faint median carina; antennae chestnut brown, sometimes slightly lighter distally. Most closely resembles A. bassae n. sp. but can be differentiate by an inconspicuous median sulcus between scutellar foveae (visible through the sculpture in A. bassae n. sp.), mesoscutellum longer than broad (broader than long in females of A. bassae n. sp.), with margin of posterior depression defined laterally by carinae in posterior view (not marginate in A. cibriani and A. bassae n. sp.). Galls of A. bromus n. sp. differ from all earlier known Mexican Amphibolips species; they are strongly elongate with peduncle and apex very thin and long, internally almost without spongious tissue. Description. (Figs 3 A–3F). Female. Body length: 5 mm (N=1) Colour. Head black, except clypeus and mandibles brown; antennae black on basal half and chestnut to brown distally, mesosoma black, legs black, except tarsi brown, metasoma rufous brown. Head (Figs 3 A–3B) ovate in anterior view, upper face dull rugose, sparsely pubescent, 2.1x as broad as long from above, 1.1x as broad as high in anterior view and slightly narrower than mesosoma; lower face delicately rugose with alutaceous-coriaceous interspaces, uniformly pubescent, with white setae. Gena rugose with alutaceous interspaces, broadened behind eye, visible behind eyes in anterior view, as broad as cross diameter of eye; malar space faintly rugose and dull; height of eye 1.8x as long as length of malar space. POL subequal to OOL; diameter of lateral ocellus 2.0x as long as LOL; ocelli ovate. Transfacial distance 1.2x as broad as height of eye; diameter of antennal torulus 4.0x as long as distance between toruli, distance between torulus and inner margin of eye 1.3x as long as diameter of torulus. Clypeus alutaceous, ventrally with median incision; anterior tentorial pits deep, epistomal sulcus and clypeo-pleurostomal lines obscured, hardly traceable. Frons, vertex, interocellar area and occiput uniformly rugose with alutaceous interspaces. Occiput with dorsal faint carina. Labial palpus 3-segmented, maxillary palpus 5-segmented. Antenna (Fig. 3B) with 11 flagellomeres; slightly longer than head+mesosoma; scape 2.4x as long as pedicel; pedicel subglobose, slightly longer than broad; F1 subequal to scape+pedicel and 1.2x as long as F2; F2 1.2x as long as F3; F3 nearly equal in length to F4, subsequent flagellomeres shorter, F11 2.0x as long as F10, F11 partially divided; placodeal sensilla visible on F3–F11, absent on F1–F2. Mesosoma (Figs 3 C–3D) 1.2x as long as high. Pronotal plate dull smooth, rugate laterally; propleuron black. Mesoscutum rounded, uniformly rugose with alutaceous interspaces; 0.9x as long as broad in dorsal view (largest width measured across mesoscutum on the level of tegulae base). Notauli complete, mainly deep, shallower from half-length of mesoscutum, distinct through rugose sculpture, sulci with sculpture as rest of mesoscutum; anterior parallel lines visible through sculpture, elevate, extending to almost half of mesoscutum; parapsidal lines distinct, originating away from posterior margin and extending to nearly half length of mesoscutum, elevated, alutaceous; median mesoscutal sulcus absent; parascutal carina short, extending to level of tegula. Mesoscutellum 0.5–0.6x as long as mesoscutum, coarsely dull rugose, ovate, as broad as long, overhanging metanotum; not marginate laterally; scutellar foveae round, deep, with conspicuous median carina, foveae dull and delicately rugate, lateral sides of foveae with strong narrow carinae, separating them from dorsoaxillar area, posteriorly limited by coarsely rugate sculpture. Mesoscutellum with posteromedian depression connected to median part of foveae, reaching posterior margin of mesoscutellum, margined posteriorly by convergent strong carinae, depression dull rugose. Mesopleuron uniformly faintly rugose with alutaceous interspaces, sparsely pubescent, some rugae orientated into transverse subparallel striae. Mesopleural triangle rugose; dorsal axillar area rugate; lateral axillar area and axillula faintly rugate, with few short, white setae; subaxilular bar smooth, shining, with parallel sides on anterior part, its height less than height of metanotal trough, most posterior part extending to half height of mesoscutellum; postalar process long, with parallel striae; metapleural sulcus hidden undert dull rugose sculpture. Metascutellum uniformly faintly rugate-coriaceous, metanotal trough shining, rugate, with dense white setae; ventral impressed area smooth, slightly shorter than height of metascutellum; central propodeal area rugate, dull; lateral propodeal carinae visible, partially covered by sculpture, subparallel, extended posteriorly to lateral sides of nucha; lateral propodeal area with irregular strong wrinkles and dense white setae; nucha short, with irregular wrinkles around. Legs black, brown distally, with sparse short white setae; tarsal claws with basal lobe. Forewing (Fig. 3E) longer than body, with short dense cilia on margin; hyaline on basal half, with basal cell slightly infuscate around margins; distal half infuscate with clear longitudinal stripe on distal third extended posteriorly, reaching margin of wing, covering distal third of radial cell, medial part of second costal cell and distal part of discoidal cell; veins dark brown; radial cell narrow, heavily infuscate basally, long, opened on margin, 3.0x as long as broad; R1 nearly reaching wing margin; areolet highly reduced, almost absent, closed; Rs+M reaching basalis at its half height. Metasoma (Fig. 3F) as long as head+mesosoma, 1.4x as long as high in lateral view; 2 nd metasomal tergum reaching 2/3 of length of metasoma, smooth, shining, with short sparse setae laterally; posterior third conspicuously punctate dorsally and laterally, posterior margin with narrow smooth band, without punctures; all subsequent terga dorsally and laterally uniformly and entirely micropunctate, with narrow smooth band posteriorly on each tergum. Ventral spine of hypopygium robust, short, needle-like, prominent part 3.2x as long as broad, with two rows of white setae each side, extending beyond apex of spine. Gall (Fig. 14H). A very thin and elongate bud gall, about 50 mm long, with greatest width near the middle, up to 4 mm wide; elongate and thin petioles widening near median part, pointy apex gradually tapering from middle part. The gall is thin-walled, with a smooth and naked surface; thin spongious layer internally surrounding the central ovate larval chamber, with mature galls having a length of 5.0– 6.5 mm. Hosts. Quercus affinis, Q. crassipes. Biology. Only the females are known. The mature gall was collected in May; adults emerged by the end of May. Distribution. Mexico: Hidalgo and Mexico States.

Amphibolips aliciae Medianero & Nieves-Aldrey Amphibolips aliciae Medianero & Nieves-Aldrey, 2010: 52. Type material examined: HOLOTYPE ♀ deposited in MNCN (Cat n��2023) ��� PANAMA, Chiriqu��, Carretera de Volcancito, Boquete 8�� 46��� 23 7��� N, 82�� 27��� 19 7��� W, 1404 m, Ex Q. salicifolia, (25.i.2009) 25.i.09, E. Medianero leg���. Paratypes: a male with the same data as holotype, but one (12.i.2008) ii.08, E. Medianero leg. One paratype in MNCN. Additional material: Deposited in UB with the following labels: ���MEX-595, MEXICO, Cuapancingo, Puebla, (18.ii.2013) iii.2013: 1♂ (UB), Ex Q. crassifolia, leg. Alondra ���; ���P189, MEXICO, Aconco, Tetela de Ocampo, Pueb-la, (11.ix.2012) only galls (UB), Ex Quercus sp. ���; ���P291, MEXICO, Santa Rosa, Santa Rosa, Puebla, (27.vi.2016) only galls (UB), Ex Quercus sp.���; ���P375, MEXICO, San Pedro Hueytentan, Cuautempan, Puebla, 19��42���50���N, 97��49���21.22���W, 1599m.a.s.l., (14.vi.2018) only galls, (UB), Ex Q. crassifolia ���; ���S345, MEXICO, Aconco, Tetela de Ocampo, Puebla, (12.ix.2012) only galls (UB), Ex Quercus sp., leg, A. Equihua ���. Diagnosis. This species is characterized by its clear forewings with only one heavily infuscate patch at the base of the radial cell (Fig. 13A); broad and complete notauli delimited by an internal carina on posterior half of mesoscutum (Fig. 12A); mesoscutellar posterior emargination shallow, only slightly emarginate. This species most closely resembles A. kinseyi n. sp. but differs by a complete notauli (incomplete in A. kinesyi n. sp.); upper face coarsely reticulate-rugose (alutaceous in A. kinseyi n. sp.); speculum glabrous and finely rugate (sparsely pubescent and transversally carinated in A. kinseyi n. sp.); metasomal tergum II with fine, almost inconspicuous, micropunctures on posterior 1/3 (posterior 1/3 metasomal tergum II conspicuously micropunctate in A. kinseyi n. sp.). The forewing pattern also resembles A. quercuspomiformis comb. nov., but the tarsal claws with an acute basal lobe in A. aliciae (simple in A. quercuspomiformis comb. nov.); and the notauli are complete, shallow, and not delimited by carinae in A. quercuspomiformis comb. nov. Galls of A. aliciae are fusiform, fragile onto smallest pressure, internal hollowlike space with thin filaments radiating from the central larval chamber (Figs 14B, 14D); while galls of A. kinseyi n. sp. and A. quercuspomiformis comb. nov. are subglobose, hard, with internal space obliterated by a spongious parenchyma. The internal structure of A. aliciae gall also resembles the gall of A. salicifoliae, which are hollow with radiating filaments. However, they can be differentiating by the shape and gall location: fusiform galls on buds in A. aliciae and spherical galls on leaves in A. salicifoliae. Gall (Figs 14 A���D). A fusiform bud gall with a fine tip and base, with a hard, lignified outer shell, 2.5 mm long. Internal space hollow with thin filaments radiating from the central larval chamber, 5���6 mm in diameter. Hosts. Quercus salicifolia (Panama); Q. crassifolia (Mexico, new record). Biology. Only the sexual generation is known. Galls were collected from January to March; adults emerged shortly after gall collecting. Distribution. Panama (original description), Mexico: Puebla state, new record., Published as part of Cuesta-Porta, V��ctor, Equihua-Mart��nez, Armando, Estrada-Venegas, Edith G., Cibri��n-Tovar, David, Barrera-Ru��z, Uriel M., Silva, Salvador Ordaz, S��nchez, Imelda Virginia L��pez, Melika, George & Pujade-Villar, Juli, 2020, Revision of the Amphibolips species of the ' nassa' complex from Mexico and central America (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae), pp. 1-50 in Zootaxa 4877 (1) on pages 4-5, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4877.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4567340, {"references":["Medianero, E. & Nieves-Aldrey, J. L. (2010) The genus Amphibolips Reinhard (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini) in the Neotropics, with description of three new species from Panama. Zootaxa, 2360 (1), 47 - 62. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2360.1.3"]}

Amphibolips kinseyi Cuesta-Porta & Pujade-Villar n. sp. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 492C322A-88EC-42A5-BC0F-F600EC66887B Type material. HOLOTYPE. ♀ (deposited in AMNH) with the following labels: “ MEXICO, Ciudad de Mexico, Ciudad de Mexico ” (white label), “ Q. crassipes, (01.xii.1932) leg. Kinsey ” (white label); Holotype Amphibolips kinseyi Cuesta-Porta & JP-V n. sp., desig. Cuesta-Porta, 2020” (red label). Etymology. Named in honor of Alfred C. Kinsey (1894–1956) who greatly contributed to the knowledge of Amphibolips and the American cynipid fauna. Diagnosis. The new species is characterized by incomplete notauli margined dorsally by carinae on posterior half of mesoscutum; mesoscutellum margined laterally by strong carina that emarginate posterior depression of mesoscutellum, both laterally and posteriorly. Most closely resembles A. aliciae by the forewing colouration, notauli emarginate by carina on dorsal side. It differentiate by brown to chestnut head and mesosoma, ambarine metasoma (head and mesosoma black, metasoma rufous in A. aliciae), strongly emarginated mesoscutellum laterally and posteriorly (not emarginate in A. aliciae); frons alutaceous with fine rugae (coarsely reticulate-rugose in A. aliciae). Forewing colouration also resembles those of A. salicifoliae and A. quercuspomiformis comb. nov., but in A. kinseyi n. sp. infuscate area on basal margin of radial cell larger, tarsal claws with basal lobe (claws simple in A. salicifoliae and A. quercuspomiformis comb. nov.). Furthermore, bud galls of the new species are ovate with lignified parenchyma while galls of A. aliciae are fragile, fusiform, internal hollow with radiating filaments supporting the larval chamber. The gall is similar to other species with a large globular shape without mottled surface and not deformable at finger pressure (as A. quercuspomiformis comb. nov. and A. bassae n. sp.), but the size is smaller, around 20 mm in diameter. Description. (Figs 6 A–6G). Female. Body length: 3.8 mm. (N=1) Colour. Head chestnut; antennae brown in basal half and ambarine distally; mesosoma chestnut to brown; legs brown, ambarine distally, coxae chestnut to brown, femora and tibiae light brown, except ambarine tarsi; metasoma ambarine. Head (Figs 6 B–6D) trapezoidal in anterior view, 2.6x as broad as long from above, 1.4x as broad as high in anterior view and slightly narrower than mesosoma; frons with fine rugae, alutaceous interspaces, almost glabrous; lower face alutaceous, with more dense white setae. Gena dull rugose, slightly broadened behind eye, not visible behind eyes in anterior view, as broad as cross diameter of eye; malar space dull, delicately rugate; height of eye 1.7x as long as length of malar space. POL 0.8–0.9x as long as OOL; diameter of lateral ocellus equal to LOL; ocelli ovate. Transfacial distance 1.4x as broad as height of eye; diameter of antennal torulus subequal to distance between toruli, distance between torulus and inner margin of eye 1.7x as long as diameter of torulus. Clypeus dull smooth, ventrally projected, without median incision; anterior tentorial pits deep, epistomal sulcus conspicuous, clypeopleurostomal line distinct. Frons, vertex, interocellar area and occiput uniformly rugose with alutaceous interspaces. Occiput without dorsal carina. Labial palpus 3-segmented, maxillary palpus 5-segmented. Antenna (Fig. 6G) with 11 flagellomeres; slightly longer than head+mesosoma; scape 1.8x as long as pedicel; pedicel subglobose, slightly longer than broad; F1 subequal to scape+pedicel and 1.3x as long as F2; F2 as long as F3; F3 nearly equal in length to F4, subsequent flagellomeres shorter, F11 partially divided, 1.8x as long as F10; placodeal sensilla visible on F5–F11, absent on F1–F4. Mesosoma (Figs 6 D–6E) only slightly longer than high. Pronotum smooth dorsally, with numerous faint irregular rugae laterally. Mesoscutum round, uniformly rugose with alutaceous interspaces, rugose sculpture fainter and dull smooth interspaces on convergent point of median sulcus and notauli on posterior part; 0.8x as long as broad in dorsal view (largest width measured across mesoscutum on the level of tegulae base). Notauli incomplete, distinct under rugose sculpture on posterior half; notaular furrow faintly rugose with smooth interspaces; anterior parallel lines extending to almost half length of mesoscutum, slightly elevated, mesoscutum impressed along both sides of lines; parapsidal lines distinct, originating from posterior margin and extending to nearly half length of mesoscutum; median mesoscutal sulcus present, shiny smooth furrow; parascutal carina short, extending to level of tegula. Mesoscutellum 0.5x as long as mesoscutum, coarsely rugose with alutaceous interspaces, quadrangular, as broad as long, slightly overhanging metanotum, emarginate laterally; scutellar foveae quadrangular, shallow, faint median carina dividing the base of mesoscutellum into two halves, smooth foveae with faint transversal carinae connected to median carina, lateral sides of foveae with strong narrow carinae, separating them from dorsoaxillar area, posteriorly limited by rugate sculpture. Mesoscutellum with posteromedian depression emarginate by strong carinae. Mesopleuron uniformly rugose with alutaceous interspaces and sparsely pubescent, some rugae orientated into transverse faint subparallel striae. Mesopleural triangle rugose; dorsoaxillar area with faint rugae; lateral axillar area and axillula rugate, with few short, white setae; subaxilular bar smooth, shining, with parallel sides, its height less than height of metanotal trough, most posterior part extending to half height of mesoscutellum; postalar process long, with parallel striae; metapleural sulcus hidden under dull rugose sculpture. Metascutellum uniformly coriaceous, metanotal trough coriaceous, with dense white setae; ventral impressed area smooth, slightly shorter than height of metascutellum; central propodeal area faintly rugate, dull; lateral propodeal carinae high, subparallel, slightly curved outwards medially; lateral propodeal area with irregular strong wrinkles and dense white setae; nucha short, with irregular wrinkles around. Legs with sparse short white setae; tarsal claws with basal lobe. Forewing longer than body, mostly hyaline, with short dense cilia on margin, with dark stripe on basal part of radial cell, veins dark brown; radial cell narrow, long, opened on margin, 4.0x as long as broad; R1 and Rs nearly reaching wing margin; areolet infuscate, small, almost invisible, internal space round, closed; Rs+M reaching basalis at its half height. Metasoma (Fig. 6F) as long as head+mesosoma, 1.2x as long as high in lateral view; 2nd metasomal tergum occupy nearly 2/3 of metasoma length, smooth, shining, with short sparse setae dorsolaterally and with larger patch of dense setae ventrolaterally; posterior third conspicuously finely punctate dorsally and laterally, posterior margin with a narrow smooth band, without punctures; all subsequent terga dorsally and laterally uniformly and entirely micropunctate, with a narrow smooth band posteriorly on each tergum. Ventral spine of hypopygium robust, short, needle-like, prominent part 5.0x as long as broad, with two rows of white setae each side, extending beyond apex of spine. Gall (Fig. 16J). A relatively small, subglobose bud gall. The body of the gall reaches its greatest diameter near the middle, up to 20 mm in diameter. The gall is thick-walled, with lignified parenchyma, light brown when mature, with a smooth and naked surface; with spongious hard parenchyma internally; the hard-walled, ovate central larval chamber, with a mature length of 5.0– 6.5 mm. Host. Quercus crassipes. Biology. Only females are known. Mature galls were collected in December. Distribution. Mexico: Ciudad de Mexico. Remarks. This species was collected by Kinsey in 1932 and it was never described. Deposited in the Kinsey collection at the American Museum of Natural History (AMNH) as an ‘unidentified Amphibolips ’. Characters are clearly differing from any other Amphibolips species (see diagnosis)., Published as part of Cuesta-Porta, Víctor, Equihua-Martínez, Armando, Estrada-Venegas, Edith G., Cibrián-Tovar, David, Barrera-Ruíz, Uriel M., Silva, Salvador Ordaz, Sánchez, Imelda Virginia López, Melika, George & Pujade-Villar, Juli, 2020, Revision of the Amphibolips species of the ' nassa' complex from Mexico and central America (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae), pp. 1-50 in Zootaxa 4877 (1) on pages 18-20, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4877.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4567340

Amphibolips nassa Kinsey Amphibolips nassa Kinsey 1937: 432. Type material examined: HOLOTYPE. ♀ (deposited in AMNH) with the following labels: “Purépero, 5W, Mich. 8500, Mex., ⊕ 12.25.31” (handwritten, white label); “ Q. serrulata Kinsey coll.” (handwritten, white label); “ Amphibolips nassa ParaHolotype ” (handwritten, red label). Diagnosis. This species is characterized with a deep and almost smooth scutellar foveae, indistinctly separated medially by indistinct, incomplete carina; longitudinal depression shallow anteriorly, almost reaches foveae, deep on posterior end of mesoscutellum; posterolateral margins forming small obtuse tips (Fig. 11G); forewing completely infuscate with a strongly infuscate band on anterior margin; veins Rs and 2r inconspicuous through infuscate band or hardly traceable (Fig. 13G). Amphibolips nassa closely resembles A. zacatecaensis but differs in scutellar foveae almost smooth and undivided, without transversal carinae in A. nassa (with strong median carina and transversal carinae in A. zacatecaensis); posteromedian depression projected anteriorly, reaching posterior margin of foveae, deep on posterior edge (depression shallow not projected to anterior margin in A. zacatecaensis); posterolateral margins ended in small tips (completely rounded in A. zacatecaensis); metasomal tergum II with posterior coriaceous sculpture before band of micropunctures (completely smooth in A. zacatecaensis); and galls (A. nassa are subglobose, but a bit fusiform with a tip and a base, with lignified spongious parenchyma while in A. zacatecaensis galls are fragile, globose with a tiny tip at apex, with soft spongious parenchyma. The galls are very similar to A. nevadensis and A. rulli n. sp.; galls of these species cannot be differentiated, only by the uniformly brown surface of the galls of A. nassa (mottled in A. nevadensis and A. rulli n. sp.), and the host plants are different; Amphibolips nassa in buds of Q. castanea, A. nevadensis galls on Q. calophylla and A. rulli n. sp. on Q. eduardi and Q. viminea. All these galls are subglobose, hard and with an apical tip, resulting from the longitudinal elongation of the gall. Gall (Figs 15 F–G). A rather large, subglobose, slightly fusiform, elongated bud oak apple, up to 48 mm in diameter, detachable, with a fine tip and base; with hard, lignified parenchyma. Larval chamber central or near the base of the gall, on buds. Host. According to the original description, Q. castanea. Biology. Galls were collected in December; the only known adult was dissected out of the gall. Distribution. Mexico: Michoacán state. Remarks. Kinsey (1937) mentioned that similar galls were collected in the same place on Q. mexicana by Morelia from the same host plant as the holotype, but after knowing that different species are found in similar galls, we cannot assure this citation was correct., Published as part of Cuesta-Porta, Víctor, Equihua-Martínez, Armando, Estrada-Venegas, Edith G., Cibrián-Tovar, David, Barrera-Ruíz, Uriel M., Silva, Salvador Ordaz, Sánchez, Imelda Virginia López, Melika, George & Pujade-Villar, Juli, 2020, Revision of the Amphibolips species of the ' nassa' complex from Mexico and central America (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae), pp. 1-50 in Zootaxa 4877 (1) on page 22, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4877.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4567340, {"references":["Kinsey, A. C. (1937) New Mexican Gall Wasps (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae). Revista de Entomologia, 7 (4), 428 - 471."]}

Amphibolips durangensis Nieves-Aldrey & Maldonado Amphibolips durangensis Nieves-Aldrey & Maldonado, 2012. In Nieves-Aldrey et al., 2012: 9–11. Type material examined. HOLOTYPE. ♀ deposited in MNCN, dissected and mounted on a stub (Cat. nº 2246; Code: 89198). “ MEXICO, Durango, Palmito, N 23º 33’ 49.4” W 105º 51’ 08.8”, 1977 m; Ex Q. scytophylla Liebm. (Fagaceae), (08.vii.2008) x.2008; leg. Y. Maldonado”. Diagnosis. This species is characterized by completely infuscate forewings with a complete transversal clear band on distal third; absence of notauli; scutellar foveae indistinctly separated medially, bottom of scutellar foveae with longitudinal rugae medially (Fig. 11B). Closely resembles A. castroviejoi by the forewing pattern but differs by the presence of notauli and conspicuous median carina dividing scutellar foveae in A. castroviejoi. The gall of this species closely resembles A. fusus, differs by the elongation of both, peduncle and apical tip, thinner in A. durangensis; surface of galls is crossed by longitudinal ridges in A. durangensis and smooth in A. fusus. Gall. Galls on buds, fusiform, maximum 43–54 mm in diameter, with elongate thin peduncle and apical tip; outer shell thin, hard, usually smooth with longitudinal ridges; internal spongious soft tissue with central larval chamber, around 5 mm (Nieves-Aldrey et al. 2012: Figs 18C–D). Host. Quercus scytophylla. Biology. Only females are known. The mature galls were collected in early July; adults emerged in October. Distribution. Mexico: Durango State., Published as part of Cuesta-Porta, Víctor, Equihua-Martínez, Armando, Estrada-Venegas, Edith G., Cibrián-Tovar, David, Barrera-Ruíz, Uriel M., Silva, Salvador Ordaz, Sánchez, Imelda Virginia López, Melika, George & Pujade-Villar, Juli, 2020, Revision of the Amphibolips species of the ' nassa' complex from Mexico and central America (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae), pp. 1-50 in Zootaxa 4877 (1) on page 13, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4877.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4567340, {"references":["Nieves-Aldrey, J. L., Pascual, E., Maldonado-Lopez, Y., Medianero, E. & Oyama, K. (2012) Revision of the Amphibolips species of Mexico excluding the \" niger complex \" Kinsey (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae), with description of seven new species. Zootaxa, 3545 (1), 1 - 40. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3545.1.1"]}

Amphibolips zacatecaensis Melika & Pujade-Villar Amphibolips zacatecaensis Melika & Pujade-Villar, 2011.In Melika et al., 2011: 48 Type material examined. HOLOTYPE. ♀ (deposited in JP-V col., UB) with the following labels: “ MEXICO, Monte Escobedo, Zacatecas ” (white label), “ Q. eduardi, (31.v.2010) ext. 31.v.10. leg. J. Pujade-Villar ” (white la-bel). “ Holotype Amphibolips zacatecaensis Pujade-Villar & Melika 2011 ” (red label). Additional material. Deposited in UB with the following labels: “S120, MEXICO, Las Cuevitas, Monte Esc-obedo, Zacatecas, (25.x.2011) only galls (UB), Ex Quercus sp.”. Diagnosis. This species is characterized by a completely infuscate forewing with infuscate anterior band; basal half of radial cell highly infuscate; R1, Rs and 2r veins not traceable through infuscate band or hardly visible. Scutellar foveae with distinct median carina and transversal carinae extending from the median carina (Fig. 11K). Most closely resembles A. nassa (see Diagnosis to A. nassa). The gall resembles that of A. dampfi, but in A. zacatecaensis the internal tissue is dense and light brown while it is soft, cotton-like, white to rosy near the larval chamber in A. dampfi. Gall (Figs 15 C–D). Galls on buds, rather large, with maximum diameter 50–68 mm, subglobose, gradually tapering to a tip at apex; outer shell thin and fragile, usually smooth, sometimes wrinkled or rugose; internal tissue soft, light brown and spongious, but consistent with central larval chamber, which is around 5 mm in diameter. Host. Quercus eduardi. Biology. Only females are known. The mature galls were collected in late May; adults emerged soon after field collection. Distribution. Mexico: Zacatecas State., Published as part of Cuesta-Porta, Víctor, Equihua-Martínez, Armando, Estrada-Venegas, Edith G., Cibrián-Tovar, David, Barrera-Ruíz, Uriel M., Silva, Salvador Ordaz, Sánchez, Imelda Virginia López, Melika, George & Pujade-Villar, Juli, 2020, Revision of the Amphibolips species of the ' nassa' complex from Mexico and central America (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae), pp. 1-50 in Zootaxa 4877 (1) on pages 34-39, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4877.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4567340, {"references":["Melika, G., Equihua-Martinez, A., Estrada-Venegas, E. G., Cibrian-Tovar, D., Cibrian-Llanderal, V. D. & Pujade-Villar, J. (2011) New Amphibolips gallwasp species from Mexico (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae). Zootaxa, 3105 (1), 47 - 59. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3105.1.2"]}

Amphibolips tarasco Nieves-Aldrey & Pascual Amphibolips tarasco Nieves-Aldrey & Pascual, 2012. In Nieves-Aldrey et al., 2012: 22–24 Type material examined. HOLOTYPE. ♀ deposited in MNCN (Cat. nº 2250; Code: 89207). MEXICO, Micho-acán, Santa María, 2000 m; Ex Q. castanea, (12.iii.2005) 22.iii.2005, leg. E. Pascual. Paratypes (deposited in MNCN): 1♀ & 2♂ with the same data as the holotype (Codes: 89208–89210, respectively). Additional material. MEX-136 ‘ La Mojonera’ explanada, dentro de los terrenos del Parque Africam. Blvd. Cap. Carlos, Camacho Espiritu, Oasis, Tecali de Herrera, Puebla (Mexico), Ex Q. acutifolia, (iv.2012) 1–15.v.2012: 5♂ & 4♀ (UB), Lilia Ramírez leg.; MEX-137, ídem, Ex Q. mexicana, (v.2012) v.2012: 1♂ & 2♀ (UB), Lilia Ramírez leg.; MEX-456, Carretera Federal Morelia-Uruapan Km. 42, Uruapan, Michoacán (México), Ex Q. castanea, (19.vi.2018) extrac. 19.vi.2018: 1♀ (UB), JP-V, Equihua & Estrada leg. Diagnosis. This species is characterized by triangular scutellar foveae with median carina shorter than total length of foveae, rest of posterior length of foveae covered by coarse rugose sculpture till the lateral margins of foveae. Lateral margin of eye with dorsolateral fine carinae irradiating from eye, rest of margin alutaceous-smooth. Adults closely resemble A. hidalgoensis and A. oaxacae (see Diagnosis to the corresponding species). Gall (Figs 16 H–I). A subglobose large bud gall, with maximum 40 mm in diameter, with thin, slightly lignified and resistant outer shell. Pale green with darker green spots when fresh and turning brown when dry. The gall is monolocular, with a spongy internal tissue, filling the entire gall. The larval cell is rounded. Hosts. Quercus acutifolia, Q. castanea, Q. mexicana. Biology. The sexual generation is only known. The galls were collected between March and June; adults emerged in the same months of collection. Distribution. Mexico: Michoacán and Puebla States. Remarks. Females in this study differ slightly from the holotype by the scutellar foveae, which in the new specimens are finely rugose and oblique, resembling more the type male mesoscutellum. New male specimens identical with the males from the type material., Published as part of Cuesta-Porta, Víctor, Equihua-Martínez, Armando, Estrada-Venegas, Edith G., Cibrián-Tovar, David, Barrera-Ruíz, Uriel M., Silva, Salvador Ordaz, Sánchez, Imelda Virginia López, Melika, George & Pujade-Villar, Juli, 2020, Revision of the Amphibolips species of the ' nassa' complex from Mexico and central America (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae), pp. 1-50 in Zootaxa 4877 (1) on pages 32-33, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4877.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4567340, {"references":["Nieves-Aldrey, J. L., Pascual, E., Maldonado-Lopez, Y., Medianero, E. & Oyama, K. (2012) Revision of the Amphibolips species of Mexico excluding the \" niger complex \" Kinsey (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae), with description of seven new species. Zootaxa, 3545 (1), 1 - 40. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3545.1.1"]}

Key to the Amphibolips galls of the ‘ nassa’ complex of Mexico and Central America 1. Galls growing on the underside of the leaves................................................................ 2 1’. Galls growing on buds................................................................................. 4 2. Turgescent spherical galls (Figs 14 F–G). Turning into a raisin-like wrinkled mass when dry............... A. turulli n. sp. 2’. Solid galls, sometimes very fragile, never turgescent. Galls either spherical or toadstool shaped. Maintaining its shape when dry................................................................................................ 3 3. Toadstool-shaped galls. With an elongated stem. Light green coloured, sometimes tinged with rose or pink when young. Internal solid spongious parenchyma (Lyon 1959: Plate 12, Figs A–B)................. A. quercuspomiformis n. comb. (sex). 3’. Spherical fragile galls. Greenish when fresh and dark brown when dry. Internal space hollow with hard filaments radiating from the larval chamber (Medianero & Nieves-Aldrey 2010: Figs 8 G–H).................................. A. salicifoliae 4. Galls with internal space hollow with hard filaments radiating from larval chamber (Figs 14 A–D). When dry the gall is very fragile and may be easily broken with minimal finger pressure. Fusiform galls with mottled surface............. A. aliciae 4’. Galls with internal spongious parenchyma, sometimes soft but does not break with applied finger pressure (Figs 14E, 14H, 14K). From spherical to fusiform galls, sometimes mottled.................................................... 5 5. Galls elongated at their base, with thick peduncle, central body subglobose, with smooth and mottled surface, never with an apical tip (Medianero & Nieves-Aldrey 2010: Figs 8 A–C).......................................... A. castroviejoi 5’. Different galls, whether globular galls without visible peduncle, sometimes with apical tip, or fusiform galls with both apical tip and thin peduncle.................................................................................. 6 6. Multilocular galls with up to 50 larval chambers (Figs 16 C–D). Surface yellowish to orange-rufous when mature, turning brownish orange when dry (Figs 16 A–B).…................................ A. quercuspomiformis comb. nov. (asex) 6’. Monolocular galls (Fig. 16F). Green or brown when mature, sometimes mottled. Turning to uniform brown when dry..... 7 7. Globular galls with apical tip (sometimes short) or fusiform galls (pointed and sometimes pedunculate) (Figs 14E, 14 H–K, 15C–I).............................................................................................. 8 7’. Spherical or sub-spherical galls with neither apical tip nor peduncle (Figs 15 A–B, 16A–J).......................... 16 8. Fusiform galls; peduncle subequal to apical tip (Figs 14E, 14H)................................................ 9 8’. Globular galls; peduncle absent or distinctly shorter than apical tip (Figs 14 I–K, 15C–I)............................ 11 9. Very elongated galls (Fig. 14H), more than 10x as long as maximum width; peduncle and apical tip strongly elongate. Outer shell fragile, thin.......................................................................... A. bromus n. sp. 9’. Wide fusiform galls, 3.0x as long as maximum width; peduncle and apical tip less than several times longer than central body (Fig. 14E). Outer shell firm, not fragile................................................................... 10 10. Surface with longitudinal ridges (Nieves-Aldrey et al 2012: Figs 18C–D). Peduncle and apical tip strongly narrowed into needle-like elongation...................................................................... A. durangensis 10’. Surface smooth, without longitudinal ridges (Fig. 14E). Peduncle and apical tip gradually narrowing in obtuse angle.................................................................................................... A. fusus 11. Small hard galls, up to 20 mm in diameter, with rugose surface and short apical tip (Figs 14 I–K). Outer shell thick, firm, with highly lignified parenchyma..................................................................... A. cibriani 11’. Large galls, up to 60 mm in diameter, with smooth surface. Outer shell thin, firm or soft. If firm, apical tip is the result of longitudinal elongation of gall (Figs 15 C–I).................................................................. 12 12. Teardrop shaped galls (Figs 15 F–I). Hard, do not deform at finger pressure. Surface usually mottled. Apical tip elongated, gradually narrowing apically, following more or less the shape of the gall........................................ 13 12’. Subglobular galls (Figs 15 C–E), can be deformed with applied finger pressure. Surface uniform in colour. Apical tip short..................................................................................................... 15 13. Globular galls, small size (around 20x 15 mm), gradually narrowing and ending in a short apical point. Surface mottled. On Q. calophylla................................................................................. A. nevadensis 13’. Rather large galls (Figs 15 F–I), longer than wide (up to 55x 35 mm), slightly spindle-shaped at apex with a long tip, surface mottled or not, host different............................................................................ 14 14. Gall surface uniformly brown, never mottled (Figs 15 F–G). Apical tip narrow and slightly tortuous. On Q. castanea..................................................................................................... A. nassa 14’. Gall surface mottled (Fig. 15H). Apical tip straight, narrowing gradually following the shape of the gall (Fig. 15I). On Q. eduardi, Q. emoryi and Q. viminea................................................................. A. rulli n. sp. 15. Surface yellowish brown. Internal tissue uniformly light brown, relatively consistent, firm. Apical tip short and narrow, sometimes bent (Figs 15 C–D).................................................................... A. zacatecaensis 15’. Surface chestnut brown. Internal tissue white to rosy around larval chamber, soft, cotton-like; light brown towards the surface. Apical tip short, but broad (Fig. 15E)............................................................... A. dampfi 16. Deformable with fingers pressure, parenchyma relatively soft. Uniformly light brown when dry (Figs 15 A–B)....................................................................... A. hidalgoensis / A. michoacaensis / A. jaliscensis 16’. Hard galls not deformable by finger pressure, with lignified parenchyma. Colour sometimes different................. 17 17. Regularly spherical. Surface light green with whitish mottles when mature; turning to uniformly light brown when dry (Figs 16 H–I)............................................................................ A. oaxacae / A. tarasco 17’. Subspherical, with small elongation towards the base. Surface never mottled and darker in colour (Figs 16 E–F, 16J)...... 18 18. Small gall, up to 20 mm in diameter with dark brown surface (Fig. 16J)............................... A. kinseyi n. sp. 18’. Usually large galls, up to 40 mm of diameter. Surface olive green when mature and turning brownish green when dry (Figs 16 E–G)................................................................................. A. bassae n. sp., Published as part of Cuesta-Porta, Víctor, Equihua-Martínez, Armando, Estrada-Venegas, Edith G., Cibrián-Tovar, David, Barrera-Ruíz, Uriel M., Silva, Salvador Ordaz, Sánchez, Imelda Virginia López, Melika, George & Pujade-Villar, Juli, 2020, Revision of the Amphibolips species of the ' nassa' complex from Mexico and central America (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae), pp. 1-50 in Zootaxa 4877 (1) on pages 41-42, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4877.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4567340, {"references":["Lyon, R. J. (1959) An alternating, sexual generation in the gall wasp Callirhytis pomiformis (Ashm.) (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae). Bulletin, Soc. Calif. Academy of Sciences, 58 (1), 33 - 37.","Medianero, E. & Nieves-Aldrey, J. L. (2010) The genus Amphibolips Reinhard (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini) in the Neotropics, with description of three new species from Panama. Zootaxa, 2360 (1), 47 - 62. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2360.1.3","Nieves-Aldrey, J. L., Pascual, E., Maldonado-Lopez, Y., Medianero, E. & Oyama, K. (2012) Revision of the Amphibolips species of Mexico excluding the \" niger complex \" Kinsey (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae), with description of seven new species. Zootaxa, 3545 (1), 1 - 40. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3545.1.1"]}

Amphibolips michoacaensis Nieves-Aldrey & Maldonado Amphibolips michoacaensis Nieves-Aldrey & Maldonado, 2012. In Nieves-Aldrey et al., 2012: 24–26. Type material examined. HOLOTYPE. ♀ deposited in MNCN (Cat. nº 2251; Code: 89211). MEXICO, Micho-acán, Cuenca del Cuitzeo, Umécuaro, N 19° 32´55.4´´ W 101° 15´37.2´´, 2140 m; Ex Q. castanea, (10.iv.2009) x.2009, leg. Y. Maldonado. Paratypes (deposited in MNCN): 2♂ showing the same data as the holotype; 1♀ with the same data as the holotype, but emerged 04.vi.2008; 2♀ collected at Jesús del Monte, 2133 m, Ex Q. castanea, (21.iv.2009) v.2009, leg. Y. Maldonado (Codes: 89212–89216). Additional material. MEX 081, Zacatecas, Monte Escobedo, Laguna de Garboa, N 22º 16’ 57.74’’ W103º 33’ 05.28’’, Q. emoryi, (24.v.11) 10.vi.11: 1♂ & 1♀ (UB), Cabral, Treto, Landa & Carrillo leg. Diagnosis. This species is characterized by smooth scutellar foveae with a strong median carina completely dividing the foveae (Fig. 11F); posteromedian depression interrupted by transversal carina (Fig. 5D, posterior view), depression not reaches posterior margin of mesoscutellum. Closely resembles A. jaliscensis (see diagnosis to A. jaliscensis). The large globular gall is similar to other species, with or without mottled surface (Nieves-Aldrey et al. 2012: Figs 20A–B); impossible to differentiate from A. hidalgoensis and A. jaliscensis but differs from A. quercuspomiformis comb. nov., A. oaxacae, A. tarasco, A. kinseyi n. sp. and A. bassae n. sp. by the deformable surface at finger pressure because of the relatively soft parenchyma in A. hidalgoensis, A. jaliscensis and A. michoacaensis. Gall. A subglobose large bud gall, up to 48 mm in diameter, outer shell thin but resistant, uniformly pale green, turning into brown when dry. The gall is monolocular, with a spongy internal tissue, filling the entire gall. The larval cell is rounded (Nieves-Aldrey et al. 2012: Figs 20A–B). Host. Quercus castanea, Q. emoryi. Biology. Only the sexual generation is known. Galls were collected between April and May; adults emerged between May and October of the same year of collection. Distribution. Mexico: Michoacan and Zacatecas states. Remarks. Nieves-Aldrey et al. (2012) described the males with 12 flagellomeres, however, the antenna has 13 flagellomeres (type specimens examined). This species shares several characters with A. jaliscensis, including the forewing pattern, that were originally used as diagnostic (Nieves-Aldrey et al. 2012), and the gall morphology is also similar between the two species (see corresponding remarks under A. jaliscenis)., Published as part of Cuesta-Porta, Víctor, Equihua-Martínez, Armando, Estrada-Venegas, Edith G., Cibrián-Tovar, David, Barrera-Ruíz, Uriel M., Silva, Salvador Ordaz, Sánchez, Imelda Virginia López, Melika, George & Pujade-Villar, Juli, 2020, Revision of the Amphibolips species of the ' nassa' complex from Mexico and central America (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae), pp. 1-50 in Zootaxa 4877 (1) on page 20, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4877.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4567340, {"references":["Nieves-Aldrey, J. L., Pascual, E., Maldonado-Lopez, Y., Medianero, E. & Oyama, K. (2012) Revision of the Amphibolips species of Mexico excluding the \" niger complex \" Kinsey (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae), with description of seven new species. Zootaxa, 3545 (1), 1 - 40. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3545.1.1"]}

Amphibolips turulli Pujade-Villar & Cuesta-Porta n. sp. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: F51F1267-B3D4-4703-AD94-F03E9F16C400 Type material. HOLOTYPE. ♀ (deposited in UB) with the following labels: “ MEXICO, Predio La Victoria, Aco-caxoithlan, Hidalgo ” (white label), “ Q. affinis, (12.vi.2012) 1–7.vii.2012 U. Barrera-Ruiz leg.” (white label). Holo-type Amphibolips turulli Pujade Villar & Cuesta-Porta n. sp., desig. Cuesta-Porta, 2020” (red label). Additional material. Deposited in UB with the following labels: “S318, MEXICO, Propiedad la Victoria, Bar-rio la Tlazintla, Acaxochitlán, Hidalgo, (08.vi.2010) only galls (UB), Ex Quercus sp., leg. U. Barrera-Ruiz ”. Etymology. Named in honour of Jordi Turull i Negre. Diagnosis. The new species is characterized by the forewing colouration completely infuscate except for two hyaline zones: one incomplete clear cross band on distal third not reaching posterior margin of wing, and a second clear basal half of discoidal cell; the female is characterized by a strong emarginate mesoscutellum, forming a Vshaped depression; mesoscutellum with two posterolateral horn-like projections bent upwards. Closely resembles A. dampfi. The new species differs from A. dampfi by the laterad coriaceous area of parapsidal lines (rugose in A. dampfi) and turgescent leaf gall (large fragile subglobose bud gall in A. dampfi). It is the only species in Mexico and Central America with turgescent galls. Description. (Figs 10 A–10F). Female. Body length: 7.5 mm (N=1) Colour. Head black, except chestnut brown mandibles; antennae black on basal half and chestnut to brown distally, mesosoma black, coxae and femur black, tibiae and tarsi brown, metasoma black. Head (Figs 10 B–10C) quadrangular in anterior view, 2.6x as broad as long from above, 1.2x as broad as high in anterior view and slightly narrower than mesosoma; frons and lower face uniformly rugose with alutaceous interspaces; frons with scattered setae, lower face with white setae. Gena faintly rugose with alutaceous interspaces, broadened behind eye, visible behind eyes in anterior view, 1.2x as broad as cross diameter of eye; malar space dull, faintly rugose; height of eye 1.3x as long as length of malar space. POL subequal to OOL; diameter of lateral ocellus 1.7x as long as LOL; ocelli ovate. Transfacial distance 1.6x as broad as height of eye; diameter of antennal torulus 3.3x as long as distance between toruli, distance between torulus and inner margin of eye 1.2–1.3x as long as diameter of torulus, faint irregular carina going from ventral margin of toruli to tentorial pits. Clypeus smooth, ovate, projected over mandibles, with ventral margin slightly sinuate; anterior tentorial pits deep, epistomal sulcus and clypeo-pleurostomal lines obscured, hardly traceable. Frons, vertex, interocellar area and occiput uniformly rugose with alutaceous interspaces. Occiput with dorsal faint carina. Labial palpus 3-segmented, maxillary palpus 5-segmented. Antenna (Fig. 10E) with 11 flagellomeres; slightly longer than head+mesosoma, scape 1.6x as long as pedicel; pedicel subglobose, slightly broader than long; F1 1.5x as long as scape+pedicel and 1.6x as long as F2; F2 1.2x as long as F3; F3 nearly equal in length to F4 and F5 respectively, subsequent flagellomeres shorter, F11 2.6x as long as F10; placodeal sensilla visible on F4–F11, absent on F1–F3. Mesosoma (Figs 10 C–10D) 1.2x as long as high. Pronotal plate smooth, rugate laterally; propleuron black. Mesoscutum uniformly rugose with alutaceous interspaces; round, 0.9x as long as broad in dorsal view (largest width measured across mesoscutum on the level of tegulae base). Notauli incomplete, almost reaching anterior margin, distinct under rugose sculpture, sulci sculptured as rest of mesoscutum, rugae forming subparallel transverse carinae; anterior parallel lines visible under sculpture, elevate, surrounded by alutaceous sculpture, extending to almost half of mesoscutum length; parapsidal lines distinct, originating from posterior margin and extending to nearly half length of mesoscutum, elevated, alutaceous; median mesoscutal sulcus absent; parascutal carina short, extending to level of tegula. Mesoscutellum 0.5x as long as mesoscutum, coarsely dull rugose, quadrangular, as broad as long, overhanging metanotum, emarginate laterally, with posterolateral horn-like projections pointing upwards; scutellar foveae round, deep, and dull with transversal carinae, lateral sides of foveae, limited posteriorly by coarsely rugate sculpture. Longitudinal median depression crossing the mesoscutellum including foveae, narrow anteriorly, broadening posteriorly, emarginate laterally by irregular carinae, dull rugose; transversal carina crossing depression at half height in posterior view, depression continues to posterior margin of mesoscutellum. Mesopleuron uniformly rugose with alutaceous interspaces and sparse pubescent, some rugae orientated into transverse subparallel striae. Mesopleural triangle rugose; dorsoaxillar area rugose; lateral axillar area and axillula faintly rugose, with few short, white setae; subaxilular bar smooth, shining, with parallel sides on anterior part, its height less than height of metanotal trough, most posterior part extending to half height of mesoscutellum; postalar process long, with parallel striae; metapleural sulcus hidden under dull rugose sculpture. Metascutellum uniformly faintly rugoso-coriaceous, metanotal trough smooth, with sparse white setae; ventral impressed area alutaceous, slightly shorter than height of metascutellum; central propodeal area rugate, shining; lateral propodeal carinae distinct, partially covered by sculpture, subparallel, curves outwards medially, extended posteriorly to lateral sides of nucha; lateral propodeal area with irregular strong wrinkles and dense white setae; nucha short, alutaceous with faint wrinkles. Legs with coxae and femora black, tibiae and tarsi brown, with sparse short white setae; tarsal claws with basal lobe. Forewing (Fig. 10A) longer than body, with short dense cilia on margin; completely infuscate, except from transversal stripe covering basal half of discoidal cell; distal third with clear longitudinal stripe extended posteriorly not reaching margin of wing, covering distal third of radial medial to half-height of discoidal cell; veins dark brown; radial cell narrow, heavily infuscate basally, long, opened on margin, 3.3x as long as broad; R1 nearly reaching wing margin; areolet visible, elongate towards basalis, closed; Rs+M reaching basalis at its half height. Metasoma (Fig. 10F) as long as head+mesosoma, slightly longer than high in lateral view; 2nd metasomal tergum reaching 2/3 of length of metasoma, smooth, shining, with short sparse setae laterally; conspicuous punctuation on almost posterior half, punctures becoming progressively fainter on anterior part, posterior margin with a very narrow smooth band, without punctures; all subsequent terga dorsally and laterally uniformly and entirely micropunctate, with a narrow smooth band posteriorly on each tergum. Ventral spine of hypopygium robust, short, needle-like, prominent part 3.3x as long as broad, with two rows of white setae each side, extending beyond apex of spine. Gall (Figs 14 F–G). A turgescent spherical gall located on the underside of leaves. The body of the gall is globose, with greatest diameter near middle of the gall measured from base to apex, up to 20–25 mm. The gall is thin-walled, olive green when mature and turns wrinkled when dry, with smooth and naked surface, succulent, with central ovate hard-walled larval chamber, with largest length of 5.0– 6.5 mm. Hosts. Quercus affinis. Biology. Only females are known. The mature galls were collected in late June; adults emerged in early July. Distribution. Mexico: Hidalgo State. Remarks. The gall of this new species is not usual for Mexican Amphibolips species, but two North American species have similar galls on the underside of leaves: A. quercusracemaria (Ashmead, 1881) from Florida (USA) on Q. laurifolia and A. nubilipennis (Harris, 1841) from Massachusetts on several species of red oaks. Nevertheless, the sculpture of the mesoscutum and the colour pattern of wings are different in A. quercusracemaria and A. nubilipennis.

Amphibolips rulli Pujade-Villar & Cuesta-Porta n. sp. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 8B5298B8-2E20-4055-A635-738E0A730C1F Type material. HOLOTYPE. ♀ (deposited in UB) with the following labels: “ MEXICO, Las Cuevitas, Zacatecas, 2270 m.a.s.l.” (white label); “ Q. viminea, (02.xi.2011) 17.xi.2011, leg. J. Pujade-Villar ” (white label); “ Holotype Amphibolips rulli JP-V & Cuesta-Porta n. sp., desig. Cuesta-Porta, 2020” (red label). Paratypes (deposited in UB): El Carril, Zacatecas, 2243 m.a.s.l., Ex Q. eduardi, (06.ix.2011) 19.x.2011: 1♀ (UB), leg. J. Pujade-Villar; Las Cuevitas, Zacatecas, 2270 m.a.s.l., 1♀ (UB), Ex Q. viminea, (17.x.2011) 26.x.2011, leg. J. Pujade-Villar; El Cuahilote, Zacatecas, 2162 m.a.s.l., Ex Q. viminea, (12.viii.2011) 06.ix.2011: 1♀ (UB). leg. J. Pujade-Villar; Zacatecas, 2243 m.a.s.l., Ex Q. emoryi, (27.iv.2011) 04.v.2011: 1♀ (UB), leg. J. Pujade-Villar. Additional material. Deposited in UB with the following labels: “MEX282, MEXICO, Los Chorritos, Cu-atepec de Hinojosa, Hidalgo, (14.x.2011) only galls (UB), Ex Q. eduardi, leg. JP-V, E. Estrada & A. Equihua ”; “MEX286, MEXICO, Laguna de Gomboa, Monte Escobedo, Zacatecas, 22º16’57.04” N 103º32’58.38” W, (27. iv.2010) only galls (UB), Ex Q. eduardi, leg. C. Carrillo ”; “MEX289, MEXICO, La Mesa del Carrizal, La Mesa del Carrizal, Sinaola, (20.ii.2012) only galls (UB), Ex Q. viminea, leg. JP-V ”; “ P065, MEXICO, San Isidro, Tecolotlán, Jalisco, 20° 59’ 15.44” N 102° 54’ 29.87” W, 2064 m.a.s.l., (04.xi.2011) only galls (UB), Ex Quercus sp., leg. C. Carrillo ”; “P146, MEXICO, Francia, Monte Escobedo, Zacatecas, 22º 25´20.79” N 103º 28´30.77” W, (03.xi.2010) only galls (UB), Ex Quercus sp., leg. JP-V ”; “ S032, MEXICO, Parque Nacional Zoquiapan y Anexas, Zoquiapan, Puebla, 3046 m.a.s.l., (30.v.2012) only galls (UB), Ex Quercus sp.”; “S066, MEXICO, Monte Escobedo, Monte Escobedo, Zacatecas, (21.vii.2011) only galls (UB), Ex Quercus sp. ”; “S068, MEXICO, Monte Escobedo, Monte Escobedo, Zacatecas, (21.vii.2011) only galls (UB), Ex Quercus sp. ”; “S073, MEXICO, El Muerto, El Pino, Zacate-cas, 22º2134.63” N 103º28´39.54” W, 2158 m.a.s.l., (14.v.2011) only galls (UB), Ex Q. eduardi ”; “S113, MEXICO, Menores, Monte Escobedo, Zacatecas, (27.x.2011) only galls (UB), Ex Quercus sp.”; “S319, MEXICO, Cañada de los Leones, Monte Escobedo, Zacatecas, (24.vi.2007) only galls (UB), Ex Q. eduardi ”. Etymology. Named in honor of Josep Rull i Andreu. Diagnosis. The new species is characterized by the dorsal projection, which is situated towards the anterior margin of the area of punctured sculpture on tergum II, never reaching half of the tergal length; smooth area bordering lateral margin of compound eye, usually posterodorsally limited by a carina; F1 1.6x as long as F2. Most closely resembles A. nevadensis but can be differentiated by the female metasomal tergum II, which is mainly polished, smooth with faint coriaceous sculpture bordering posterior punctures in the new species (metasomal tergum II completely coriaceous except for posterior band of micropunctures in A. nevadensis). Galls of both species are subglobose, elongate to an apical tip, with hard outer shell and mottled surface. Amphibolips nassa has similar galls but the adults strongly differ by the forewing colour pattern, degree of radial cell infuscatation: veins visible through infuscation in the new species (radial cell highly infuscate, hidden veins in A. nassa); scutellar foveae with transverse rugae, distinctly divided medially in the new species (notaular furrow smooth and scutellar foveae indistinctly separated medially in A. nassa). These species cannot be differentiated by galls, only by the host plant; Amphibolips nassa on Q. castanea, A. nevadensis on Q. calophylla and A. rulli n. sp. on Q. eduardi, Q. viminea. Description. (Figs 9 A–9G). Female. Body length 7.5 mm (n=4). Colour. Head black, except mandibles chestnut brown; antennae black, mesosoma black, legs chestnut brown, metasoma chestnut to black. Head (Figs 9 B–9C) ovate in anterior view, 2.4x as broad as long from above, 1.2x as broad as high in anterior view and narrower than mesosoma; frons and lower face uniformly rugose with alutaceous interspaces; frons almost glabrous, lower face with sparse white setae, with faint irregular carinae from ventral margin of toruli to tentorial pits. Gena faintly rugose with alutaceous interspaces, broadened behind eye, visible behind eyes in anterior view, 1.2x as broad as cross diameter of eye, smooth band on posterior margin of eye usually emarginate with distinct carina posterodorsally; malar space dull rugose on ventral half and alutaceous-smooth on ventral margin of eye; height of eye 1.4x as long as length of malar space. POL subequal to OOL; diameter of lateral ocellus 1.7x as long as LOL; ocelli ovate. Transfacial distance 1.5x as broad as height of eye; diameter of antennal torulus 2.6x as long as distance between toruli, distance between torulus and inner margin of eye subequal to diameter of torulus. Clypeus faintly rugoso-alutaceous, ovate, ventrally projected, covering part of mandibles, with ventral margin slightly incised medially; anterior tentorial pits deep, epistomal sulcus inconspicuous, clypeo-pleurostomal lines distinct. Frons, vertex, interocellar area and occiput uniformly rugose with alutaceous interspaces. Occiput with dorsal faint carina. Labial palpus 3-segmented, maxillary palpus 5-segmented. Antenna (Fig. 9A) with 11 flagellomeres; slightly longer than head+mesosoma, scape 2.0x as long as pedicel; pedicel subglobose, slightly broader than long; F1 slightly longer than scape+pedicel and 1.6x as long as F2; F2 1.3x as long as F3; F3 nearly equal in length to F4, subsequent flagellomeres shorter, F11 partially divided by sulcus, 2.5x as long as F10; placodeal sensilla visible on F5–F11, absent on F1–F4. Mesosoma (Figs 9 C–D, 9E) slightly longer than high. Pronotal plate smooth, rugate laterally; propleuron black. Mesoscutum round, uniformly rugose with alutaceous interspaces, 0.9x as long as broad in dorsal view (largest width measured across mesoscutum on the level of tegulae base). Notauli inconspicuous under rugose sculpture; anterior parallel lines visible under sculpture, elevated, surrounded by alutaceous sculpture, extending to almost half of mesoscutum length; parapsidal lines distinct, originating from posterior margin and extending to nearly half length of mesoscutum, elevated, surrounded by alutaceous sculpture; median mesoscutal sulcus absent; parascutal carina short, extending to level of tegula only. Mesoscutellum 0.4x as long as mesoscutum, coarsely dull rugose, quadrangular, slightly broader than long, slightly overhanging metanotum, emarginate laterally by carinae ended with small posterolateral tips slightly pointing upwards; scutellar foveae round, deep, shiny and smooth, lateral sides with strong narrow carinae; complete strong median carina dividing foveae, transversal carinae radiating from median carina, posteriorly emarginate by faint carinae; posterior margin of mesoscutellum with depression extended from posterior margin of scutellar fovea to posterior margin of mesoscutellum. Mesopleuron uniformly rugose with alutaceous interspaces and sparse pubescent, some rugae orientated into transverse subparallel striae on anterior margin. Mesopleural triangle rugose and pubescent; dorsoaxillar area rugose; lateral axillar area and axillula faintly rugose, with few short, white setae; subaxilular bar shining, smooth, with parallel sides in anterior part, height less than height of metanotal trough, posterior part extending to half height of mesoscutellum; postalar process long, with parallel striae. Metapleural sulcus hidden under dull rugose sculpture. Metanotum uniformly faintly rugatecoriaceous, metanotal trough smooth, with sparse white setae; impressed ventral area rugate-coriaceous, slightly shorter than height of metanotum. Central propodeal area rugate, dull; lateral propodeal carinae visible, partially covered by sculpture, subparallel, curves outwards medially, extended posteriorly to lateral sides of nucha; lateral propodeal area with irregular strong wrinkles and dense white setae; nucha short, alutaceous with faint wrinkles. Legs chestnut brown, with sparse short white setae; tarsal claws with basal lobe. Forewing (Fig. 9A) longer than body, with short dense cilia on margin; completely infuscate, with heavily infuscate band on anterior margin of wing not covering the costal cell; veins dark brown; radial cell narrow, long, opened on margin, 3.4x as long as broad; R1 not reaching wing margin; areolet visible, triangular, elongate towards basalis, closed; Rs+M reaching basalis at its half height. Metasoma (Figs 9E, 9G) as long as head+mesosoma, slightly longer than high in lateral view; metasomal tergum II reaching 2/3 of metasoma length, mainly shining smooth, with short sparse setae laterally; conspicuous punctuation on posterior third, micropunctures becoming progressively fainter anteriorly, punctures projected anteriorly forming a triangular projection on dorsal view, not reaching half height of tergum II, coriaceous sculpture sometimes present between half of tergum II and anterior margin of micropunctures, posterior margin of metasomal tergum II with a very narrow smooth band, without punctures; all subsequent terga dorsally and laterally uniformly and entirely micropunctate, with a narrow smooth band posteriorly on each tergum. Ventral spine of hypopygium robust, short, needle-like, prominent part 3.3x as long as broad, with two rows of white setae each side, extending beyond apex of spine. Gall (Figs 15 H–I). A subspherical, bud gall, fusiform at apex, ending in a tip, with greatest diameter near middle of the gall, up to 35 mm in diameter. The gall is thin-walled, olive green, mottled with clear spots when mature and turn brown when dry, mottles still visible; parenchyma rather lignified, rugose; internal tissue hard spongious, with central ovate hard-walled larval chamber, with mature length 5.0–6.0 mm. Hosts. Quercus eduardi, Q. emoryi, Q. viminea. Distribution. Mexico: Zacatecas State. Biology. Only females are known. Mature galls were collected in October; adults emerged in November., Published as part of Cuesta-Porta, Víctor, Equihua-Martínez, Armando, Estrada-Venegas, Edith G., Cibrián-Tovar, David, Barrera-Ruíz, Uriel M., Silva, Salvador Ordaz, Sánchez, Imelda Virginia López, Melika, George & Pujade-Villar, Juli, 2020, Revision of the Amphibolips species of the ' nassa' complex from Mexico and central America (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae), pp. 1-50 in Zootaxa 4877 (1) on pages 29-32, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4877.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4567340

Amphibolips salicifoliae Medianero & Nieves-Aldrey Amphibolips salicifoliae Medianero & Nieves-Aldrey, 2010: 55–60. Type material examined: HOLOTYPE. ♀ (deposited in MNCN), Cat nº 2024. PANAMA, Chiriquí, Volcan Baru 8º 47’ 50 8” N, 82º 29’ 35 9” W, 1800–2070m, Ex Q. salicifolia, (27.i.2009) ii.09, leg. E. Medianero. Paratypes: 2♂ & 2♀ with same data as the holotype (two paratypes deposited in MNCN, and two paratypes MEUP). Diagnosis. This species is characterized by the almost hyaline forewings in males and females, tarsal claws simple and notauli incomplete, short, distinct, with base of notaular groove smooth. This species closely resembles A. quercuspomiformis comb. nov. with which it shares the following character states: simple tarsal claws; mesoscutellum posteriorly not emarginated; speculum smooth and glabrous. Differs by the forewing colouration which is almost completely hyaline, slightly infuscate in A. salicifoliae (hyaline with dark patch at the base of radial cell in A. quercuspomiformis comb. nov.); notauli incomplete, broad, smooth, visible in posterior third of mesoscutum in A. salicifoliae (notauli complete, shallow, and partially covered by the sculpture of mesoscutum, furrow rugose in A. quercuspomiformis comb. nov.); median propodeal area shining, smooth in A. salicifoliae (dull rugose in A. quercuspomiformis comb. nov.); metasomal terga smooth without micropunctures in A. salicifoliae (posterior third of metasomal tergum II and subsequent tergum with micropunctures in A. quercuspomiformis comb. nov.). Galls of A. salicifoliae are subglobose, on the underside of leaves, very fragile, outer shell thin, hollow internally with thin filaments radiating from larval chamber while galls of A. quercuspomiformis comb. nov. are on buds, with outer shell hard, internal parenchyma spongious. Thin filaments radiating from the larval chamber to the outer shell in A. aliciae. We can differentiate these galls by the shape of the gall and its location (fusiform bud galls in A. aliciae and spherical leaf galls in A. salicifoliae) Host. Quercus salicifolia. Gall. Globose and fragile galls on the underside of leaves, with maximum diameter 30 mm; outer shell thin, internal space hollow with filaments radiating from the larval chamber. Larval chamber central or at the base of the gall (Medianero & Nieves-Aldrey 2010: Figs 8 G–H). Biology. The sexual generation is only known. Galls were collected in January; adults emerged in February. Distribution. Panama.

The cynipid gall wasp species of Amphibolips (Cynipidae: Cynipini) belonging to the “nassa” complex are reviewed for Mexico and Central America. Five new species are described: A. bassae Cuesta-Porta & Pujade-Villar n. sp., A. bromus Pujade-Villar & Cuesta-Porta n. sp., A. kinseyi Cuesta-Porta & Pujade-Villar n. sp., A. rulli Pujade-Villar & Cuesta-Porta n. sp., and A. turulli Pujade-Villar & Cuesta-Porta n. sp. Amphibolips quercuspomiformis (Bassett) comb. nov. is redescribed and Amphibolips malinche Nieves-Aldrey & Maldonado is proposed as a new synonym of A. hidalgoensis Pujade-Villar & Melika. The validity of A. dampfi is discussed. Diagnostic characters, distribution, host-plant relationships, and biology are provided. Also new diagnostic characters and new distribution data for earlier described species are given. Keys to adults and galls for all known “nassa” complex species from Mexico and Central America are presented.

Amphibolips dampfi Kinsey Amphibolips dampfi Kinsey, 1937: 429–430. Type material examined: HOLOTYPE. ♂ (deposited in AMNH) with the following labels: “Sierra Juarez be-tween Ixtlán de Juarez and Tepanzacoalco agalla 2.24.32/ 8700, ♂ before 4.15.32” (handwritten, white label); “ Q. ocoteaefolia Dampf coll.” (handwritten, white label); “ Amphibolips dampfi ParaHolotype ” (handwritten, red label); “ Cynipidae Amphibolips dampfi Kinsey, 1937, Nieves-Aldrey det.” (white label). Additional material. MEX-298, MEXICO, Predio La Victoria, Acocaxoithlan, Hidalgo Ex. Q. affinis, (19. iii.2014) 7–21.iv.2014: 7♂ (UB), leg. J. Pujade-Villar & D. Cibrian-Tovar. Diagnosis. This species is characterized for a deep V-shaped posteromedian depression on the mesoscutellum which is reaching the posterior margin of scutellar foveae; strong horn-like posterolateral projections slightly bent upwards (Figs 12B, 12 G–H). Area laterad to parapsidal lines rugose. Forewing (Fig. 13C) heavily infuscate with clear cross band extended from the anteromedian margin of radial cell to the posterior area, into second cubital and discoidal cells, not reaching posterior margin. This species highly resembles A. turulli n. sp. (see below) especially for the similar mesoscutellum and forewing colour pattern; but in A. dampfi the area laterad to parapsidal lines rugose (alutaceous in A. turulli n. sp.); forewings with anal and basal half of discoidal cells completely infuscate (hyaline in A. turulli n. sp.), fragile subglobose internally spongious bud galls slightly pedunculate and with small tip at apex with internal spongious tissue soft, mainly white turning into roseate around larval cell, light brown when dry (turgescent green leaf galls in A. turulli n. sp.). The gall of A. dampfi is unmistakable. It is very deformable for its lax and soft spongy internal tissue with a cotton-like appearance. It resembles A. zacatecaensis gall but in A. dampfi the internal tissue is white to rosy near the larval chamber, very soft, cotton-like (light brown and denser in A. zacatecaensis). Gall (Fig. 15E). Monolocular subglobose bud gall, up to 50 mm in diameter, with slightly elongate apex and base with smooth and fragile surface, homogenous in colour; internal spongious tissue soft, white to rosy, turning brown when dry; with cotton-like texture (the fibers leaving numerous aerial interspaces); larval chamber occupying central part of the gall, about 4–5 mm in diameter, embedded with spongious tissue. Hosts. Quercus ocoteifolia, Q. affinis. Biology. Only the sexual generation is known. Galls mature by February and March; adults emerge from February to April. Distribution. Mexico: Hidalgo and Oaxaca states. Remarks. The name of the host plant (Q. ocoteifolia), cited in the original description of this species, was erroneously written as Q. ocoteaefolia. This incorrectly spelled epithet appeared in a number of infraspecific descriptions: Quercus ocoteaeifolia f. confusa Trel., Q. laurina var. ocoteaefolia (Liebm.) Wenz., and Q. nitens var. ocoteaefolia (Liebm.) A. DC. All those forms and varieties were synonymized under Q. ocoteifolia. Comments. According to Melika et al. (2011) A. dampfi closely resembles A. palmeri Basset 1890 and may be synonymous. The type of A. palmeri (a single female) is lost, nevertheless the adult and gall descriptions seem to be consistent with this hypothesis (see A. palmeri below). The type of A. dampfi is also presumed to be lost (C. Le Beau pers. comm.)., Published as part of Cuesta-Porta, Víctor, Equihua-Martínez, Armando, Estrada-Venegas, Edith G., Cibrián-Tovar, David, Barrera-Ruíz, Uriel M., Silva, Salvador Ordaz, Sánchez, Imelda Virginia López, Melika, George & Pujade-Villar, Juli, 2020, Revision of the Amphibolips species of the ' nassa' complex from Mexico and central America (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae), pp. 1-50 in Zootaxa 4877 (1) on pages 12-13, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4877.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4567340, {"references":["Kinsey, A. C. (1937) New Mexican Gall Wasps (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae). Revista de Entomologia, 7 (4), 428 - 471.","Melika, G., Equihua-Martinez, A., Estrada-Venegas, E. G., Cibrian-Tovar, D., Cibrian-Llanderal, V. D. & Pujade-Villar, J. (2011) New Amphibolips gallwasp species from Mexico (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae). Zootaxa, 3105 (1), 47 - 59. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3105.1.2"]}

Amphibolips jaliscensis Nieves-Aldrey & Pascual Amphibolips jaliscensis Nieves-Aldrey & Pascual, 2012. In Nieves-Aldrey et al., 2012: 11–14. Type material examined. HOLOTYPE. ♀ deposited in MNCN (Cat. nº 2247; Code: 89200). MEXICO, Jalisco, Nevado de Colima, 19º 37’ 408” N, 103º 33’ 216” W, 2048 m; Ex Quercus aff. candicans, (31.iii.2009) iv.2009, leg. E. Pascual Paratype (deposited in MNCN): 1♂ with the same data as the holotype (Code: 89201). Additional material. “ MEX260, MEXICO, Mexico, San Juan Coajomulco; Ex Q. laurina Bonpl., (16.iv.2014) 8.v.2014: 1♂ (UB), leg. R. D. García-Martiñón ”. Diagnosis. This species is characterized by lightly infuscate forewings with anterior infuscate band in females (males with completely infuscate forewings with a deeper infuscate anterior band), radial cell with a clear area on distal third in both males and females; lateral margin of eye smooth. Most closely resembles A. michoacaensis but scutellar foveae transversally carinate, with fine median carina not reaching anterior margin (smooth foveae with coarse median carina reaching anterior margin in A. michoacaensis); scutellar posteromedian depression reaching margin of metascutellum (depression interrupted before posterior margin by strong transversal carina in A. michoacaensis) (Figs 5D, 11 E–F; 12C–D). This species is also morphologically close to A. nevadensis by the forewing pattern and smooth lateral margin of eye, but can be differentiated in females by F1 1.4x as long as F2 (1.6x longer in A. nevadensis), posterior band of micropunctures on metasoma tergum II dorsally narrower, covering posterior 1/3 of tergum laterally and reduced to posterior 1/5 dorsally (uniform in posterior 1/ 3 in A. nevadensis); males scutellar median depression rugate as rest of mesoscutellum (median depression with few rugae, mostly smooth in A. nevadensis). Galls of A. jaliscensis and A. michoacaensis are subglobose, outer shell thin and rather fragile with uniform colouration (pale green in A. jaliscensis and whitish in A. michoacaensis), with spongious parenchyma internally, the gall turning brown when dry. Galls of A. nevadensis are different for its distinct apical tip. Amphibolips jaliscensis gall is similar to other species with large globular shape, without mottled surface; it is not differentiable from A. hidalgoensis and A. michoacaensis, but differs from A. quercuspomiformis comb. nov., A. oaxacae, A. tarasco, A. kinseyi n. sp. and A. bassae n. sp. in having a deformable surface at finger pressure because the parenchyma relatively soft in A. hidalgoensis, A. jaliscensis and A. michoacaensis. Gall. Spherical bud galls, maximum diameter 43–54 mm; outer shell thin, firm, surface smooth with uniform pale green colour turning into brown when dry; internal tissue soft and spongious, with central larval chamber around 5 mm (Nieves-Aldrey et al. 2012: Figs 19A–B). Hosts. Quercus aff. calophylla (= Q. aff. candicans), Q. laurina. Biology. The sexual generation is only known. The mature galls were collected in late March; adults emerged in April and May. Distribution. Mexico: Jalisco and Mexico states. Remarks. Nieves-Aldrey et al. (2012) characterized this species mainly by its clear, less infuscate area on apical third of radial cell of the forewing. This character has also been observed in A. hidalgoensis and A. michoacaensis, thus it is no longer considered as an exclusive diagnostic character for A. jaliscensis. We provide alternative characters to determine A. jaliscensis (see diagnosis). This species is difficult to differentiate from A. michoacaensis, except for two scutellar characters. This fact leads us to suspect that they might be the same species. The transversal carinae of the scutellar foveae are variable in length, number and impression between specimens of this genus. The currently known specimens of these two species appear to be consistent with regards to possession of the characters proposed in this study to differentiate them, albeit more material is needed to assess the degree of intraspecific variability, and to confirm which are reliable diagnostic characters., Published as part of Cuesta-Porta, Víctor, Equihua-Martínez, Armando, Estrada-Venegas, Edith G., Cibrián-Tovar, David, Barrera-Ruíz, Uriel M., Silva, Salvador Ordaz, Sánchez, Imelda Virginia López, Melika, George & Pujade-Villar, Juli, 2020, Revision of the Amphibolips species of the ' nassa' complex from Mexico and central America (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae), pp. 1-50 in Zootaxa 4877 (1) on page 16, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4877.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4567340, {"references":["Nieves-Aldrey, J. L., Pascual, E., Maldonado-Lopez, Y., Medianero, E. & Oyama, K. (2012) Revision of the Amphibolips species of Mexico excluding the \" niger complex \" Kinsey (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae), with description of seven new species. Zootaxa, 3545 (1), 1 - 40. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3545.1.1"]}

Amphibolips quercuspomiformis (Bassett) comb. nov. Cynips q. pomiformis Bassett, 1881: 74. Andricus (Andricus) pomiformis (Bassett) Ashmead, 1885: 295 Callirliytis rossi Kieffer, 1903: 84. Synonymy in Weld, 1951: 652 Callirhytis maculipeunis Kieffer, 1904: 131. Synonymized by Kinsey, 1922: 36 Andricus yosemite Beutenmuller, 1911: 211. Synonymy in Weld, 1951: 652 Callirhytis pomiformis (Bassett) Mayr, 1902: 289 Andricus pomiformis var maculipennis (Kieffer) in Kinsey, 1922: 36 Callirhytis quercuspomiformis (Bassett), Weld, 1951: 652 Type material. Asexual females. Deposited in AMNH: 4 pins (insects in a good condition); 3 pins with white redletter label “ Type ”, 1 pin with red label “ Type ”, all with printed labels “ California ”, “ Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. Dept. Invert. Zool. No. 24651.”; one pin with Bass. handwritten label “ Andricus pomiformis B. Type ”. Material examined. 7ǒ (deposited in UB) with the following label: “MEX-453, MEXICO, Ejido Uruapan, Ensenada, Baja California Q. agrifolia, (19.x.2018) 1–10.xi.18, 17ǒ (7ǒ UB), leg. S. Ordaz Silva & I. V. López Sán-chez”; same data, extraction 19.x.2018: 20ǒ. Additional material. Deposited in UB with the following labels: “P037, MEXICO, Cerro del Cubilete, Silao, Guanajuato, only galls without data, leg. JP-V, A. Equihua & E. Estrada”. Sexual females and males. We were unable to get specimens of the sexual generation and thus we follow the description of adults and galls given by Lyon (1959). Diagnosis. The asexual female of this species is characterized by a mesoscutum with sparse long white setae and discontinuous transversal carinate sculpture in anterior half. Most closely resembles A. salicifoliae for its glabrous shining, smooth speculum, simple tarsal claws, posterior scutellar depression absent, and forewing almost hyaline except for the infuscate margins of R1 and 2r veins. Amphibolips quercuspomiformis comb. nov. differs from A. salicifoliae by its colouration (black head, mesosoma and metasoma in dorsal view, but rufous metasoma laterally in A. quercuspomiformis comb. nov. while entirely brownish-rufous in A. salicifoliae; head faintly rugate dorsally and striae radiating from clypeus on lower face (coarsely rugate in A. salicifoliae); notauli shallow and entirely rugate (posteriorly smooth in A. salicifoliae) and ventral spine of hypopygium 2.2x as long as broad (0.8x in A. salicifoilae). Forewing colour pattern also resembles those of A. aliciae and A. kinseyi n. sp. but can be differenti-ated for tarsal claws with basal lobe (simple in A. quercuspomiformis comb. nov.); speculum sculptured in A. aliciae and A. kinseyi n. sp. (smooth and glabrous in A. quercuspomiformis comb. nov.), a less infuscate basal margin of radial cell (extended to basal third of radial cell in A. aliciae and A. kinseyi n. sp.); notauli deep and emarginate dorsally and with transverse carinae along sulci in A. aliciae and A. kinseyi n. sp. Galls of A. quercuspomiformis comb. nov. are similar to other species with galls that have a large globular shape and without a mottled surface; nevertheless, they are differentiable from all of these in colour (surface yellowish to orange-magenta when mature, turning to brownish orange when dry) and by being multilocular; it is the only Amphibolips multilocular gall so far known in the studied area. In USA (Arizona), A. ruginosus (Bassett, 1890) galls are also multilocular, but in this case, the larval chambers are not detachable from the host tissue (easily detachable in A. quercuspomiformis comb. nov.), 2.5 mm in diameter (longer in A. quercuspomiformis comb. nov.) with the surface rough and blackened and deeply and irregularly fissured (never in A. quercuspomiformis comb. nov.); adults with hyaline wings and metasoma yellowish brown (with a dark patch next to the basal part of radial cell and metasoma brownish-rufous in A. quercuspomiformis comb. nov.). Redescription. (Figs 7 A–7F, 8A–D). Asexual female. Body length: 3.4–3.6 mm. (N=5) Colour. Head black, except chestnut brown maxillary and labial palpi; antennae light brown, mesosoma black; forelegs light brown and ambarine distally, median and hind legs darker basally and progressively lighter on distal end; coxae black, femora chestnut to light brown, tibiae and tarsi light brown; metasoma dorsally black with rufous stripes around margin of metasomal terga II and III, brownish-rufous on lateral view. Head (Figs 7 B–7D) quadrangular in anterior view, frons dull rugose, with sparse short white setae, 2.4x as broad as long from above, 1.4x as broad as high in anterior view and as broad as mesosoma; lower face alutaceous with striae radiating from clypeus, with denser white setae and narrow elevated rugose median area. Gena dull rugose, slightly broadened behind eye, hardly visible in anterior view behind eye, as broad as cross diameter of eye; malar space striate, smooth on lower margin of eye; height of eye 2.0x as long as length of malar space. POL 1.4x as long as OOL; diameter of lateral ocellus equal to LOL; ocelli ovate. Transfacial distance 1.2x as broad as height of eye; diameter of antennal torulus 1.7x as long as distance between toruli, distance between torulus and inner margin of eye 1.6x as long as diameter of torulus. Clypeus smooth, ventrally projected and slightly sinuate, with median incision; anterior tentorial pits deep, epistomal sulcus inconspicuous, clypeo-pleurostomal line distinct. Frons, vertex, interocellar area and occiput uniformly dull rugose. Occiput with conspicuous carina dorsally. Labial palpus 3-segmented, maxillary palpus 5-segmented. Antenna (Fig. 8B) with 12 flagellomeres; slightly longer than head+mesosoma, scape 2.2x as long as pedicel; pedicel subglobose, slightly longer than broad; F1 equal to scape+pedicel and 1.3x as long as F2; F2 as long as F3; F3 nearly equal in length to F4, subsequent flagellomeres shorter, F12 1.8x as long as F11; placodeal sensilla visible on F4–F12, absent on F1–F3. Mesosoma (Figs 7C, 7E) only slightly longer than high. Pronotum smooth dorsally, with numerous faint irregular rugae laterally. Mesoscutum dull rugose, with transversal interrupted carinae in anterior half; dull rugose in posterior half; subequal, nearly as long as broad in dorsal view (largest width measured across mesoscutum on the level of tegulae base). Notauli distinct under dull rugose sculpture; anterior parallel lines extending to anterior third of mesoscutum, slightly elevated, mesoscutum impressed along both sides of lines; parapsidal lines distinct, originating from posterior margin and extending to nearly half length of mesoscutum; median mesoscutal line absent; parascutal carina short, extending to level of tegula only. Mesoscutellum 0.4x as long as mesoscutum, uniformly dull rugose, quadrangular, 1.4x as broad as long, slightly overhanging metanotum; scutellar foveae triangular, shallow, smooth, with distinct complete elevated narrow median carina; lateral sides of foveae with strong narrow carinae, separating them from dorsoaxillar area. Mesoscutellum without posteromedian depression. Mesopleuron, except speculum, uniformly dull rugose; speculum shiny, smooth, dorsal third glabrous and sparsely pubescent ventrally, ventral rugae orientated into transverse faint subparallel striae. Mesopleural triangle rugose; dorsoaxillar area with faint rugae; lateral axillar area and axillula coriaceous, with few short, white setae; subaxillular bar smooth, shining, with parallel sides, its height less than height of metanotal trough, most posterior part extending to half height of mesoscutellum; postalar process long, with parallel striae; metapleural sulcus hidden under dull rugose sculpture. Metascutellum uniformly coriaceous, metanotal trough coriaceous, with dense white setae; ventral impressed area smooth, slightly shorter than height of metascutellum; central propodeal area faintly rugate; lateral propodeal carinae strong, high, converge in anterior margin, slightly curved outwards medially; lateral propodeal area with faint rugae and dense white setae; nucha short, smooth. Legs (Figs 7A, 8 C–D) with dense short white setae; tarsal claws simple. Forewing (Fig. 8A) longer than body, mostly hyaline, with short dense cilia on margin, heavy dark stripe on basal part of radial cell, veins dark brown, Rs+M vein faintly pigmentated; radial cell narrow, long, opened on margin, 3.5 times longer than broad; R1 and Rs nearly reaching wing margin; areolet small, triangular, closed but posterior margin indistinct; Rs+M reaching basalis at its half height. Metasoma (Figs 7A, 7F) as long as head+mesosoma, slightly longer than high in lateral view; 2nd metasomal tergum occupying nearly 4/5 of metasoma length, smooth, shining, with sparse setae laterally; posterior third conspicuously finely punctate laterally, posterior margin with a very narrow smooth band, without punctures; all subsequent terga dorsally and laterally uniformly and entirely micropunctate, with a narrow smooth band posteriorly on each tergum. Ventral spine of hypopygium robust, short, needle-like, prominent part 2.2x as long as broad, with two rows of white setae each side, extending beyond apex of spine. Sexual female. Similar to the asexual females, but differs in the following characters: antenna with 11–12 flagellomeres; body uniformly yellowish-brown; all the legs yellowish-brown; mesoscutum and mesoscutellum less pubescent; metasomal terga sometimes smooth, without micropunctures, body length 2.3–3.1 mm. Male. Similar to the sexual females except that they are smaller; antenna with 13 flagellomeres; body reddish-brown, except for the two basal terga which are yellowish. Mesoscutum only sparsely pubescent. Body length 2.1–2.6 mm. Gall. Asexual galls (Figs 16 A–D). A large multilocular subglobose bud gall, up to 40 mm in diameter. The body of the gall is spherical (rarely flattened or ovate), with greatest diameter near the middle of the gall; surface sometimes with low tubercles radiating more or less from the slightly pointed tip of the gall. The gall is hard-walled, yellowish to rufous-magenta when mature and turning to brownish orange when dry, with smooth and naked surface; spongious internally, with hard filaments connecting the larval chambers with the base of the gall; up to 50 hardwalled larval chambers clustered in the center of the gall, easily separable from the firm; sometimes resembling the inquiline larval chambers; each larval chamber around 2.0–4.0 mm in diameter. Sexual galls. A toadstool-shaped gall arising singly, or occasionally in groups of two or three from the lamina of the underside of the leaves. Galls are tinged with rose or pink when young, although most are light-green in colour. Galls are monolocular, with the single cell occupying the space below the flared top of the gall. The elongated stem of the gall is solid. Hosts. Quercus agrifolia, Q. wislizenii, for both generations. Biology. Alternate sexual and asexual generations are known (Lyon 1959). Sexual galls appear from February to early April, mature in early May; adults emerged from mid-May to the first week of June. Asexual galls mature in October; adults emerged in November. Distribution. USA (California) and México (Baja California and Guanajuato states). Remarks. Kinsey (1922) named this species as Andricus pomiformis and described five varieties, considering Callirhytis maculipennis Kieffer 1904 one of them: A. pomiformis var descansonis (Kinsey 1922), A. pomiformis distinctus (Kinsey 1922), A. pomiformis pomiformis (Basset, 1881), A. pomiformis var maculipennis (Kieffer) and A. quercuspomiformis provincialis (Kinsey 1922). Later, Weld (1951), following Mayr’s work (1902), transferred this species to the genus Callirhytis and recognised only three of Kinsey’s varieties (var. descansonis, var distincta and var. provincialis). Later, Melika & Abrahamson (2002) concluded that this species belongs to the genus Amphibolips but did not formalize the nomenclatorial act for species transfer. Herein this nomenclatorial act is completed. According to Kinsey (1922), the morphological differences of these varieties included the notauli (from mostly indistinguishable within the mesosomal sculpture with notaular furrow rugose, to distinct with notaular furrow smooth posteriorly, and to distinct but shallow and furrow rugose); mesosoma with median sulci (absent except in var. distinctus); anterior parallel lines on the mesosoma (mostly continuous to discontinuous); lateral lines of the mesosoma (from prominent to fine and narrow); scutellar foveae (divided by a rugose and elevated area in all, or with median area also rugose but low); scutellar posteromedian depression (from absent to present, but variable in depth, deepest in var. provincialis); speculum (from glabrous and smooth to not completely smooth, with scattered punctuations and sometimes setae); areolet ranging from small to large, prolonged on the cubitus; forewing infuscation around the base of radial cell; and gall surface (present several projections on the surface, each ending in a short filament in var. distinctus and surface smooth and naked in the rest). Several characters are roughly differentiable or shared between the varieties such as the anterior parallel lines, the speculum, but others such as the median carina or the posteromedian depression of the mesoscutellum may be unique to a variety. Among the varieties, the most deviant is var. distinctus based on the distinct notauli, median sulci visible and the surface of the galls with projections. However, Kinsey (1922) comments that some var. distinctus specimens share characters of var. maculipennis (as well as var. provincialis had specimens similar to var. maculipennis). Similarly, the new material from Baja California present distinct notauli, smooth notaular furrow posteriorly as in var. distinctus, but the median sulci and scutellar posteromedian depression are absent, and the speculum is completely smooth and glabrous. The distribu-tion of the varieties is limited to California (USA) and range from the central to southern regions. All varieties have overlapping, or nearly so, distributions with at least another variety. The range of var. maculipennis includes localities from the range of var. descansonis, var. distinctus and var. provincialis, which occur almost exclusively in the southern regions. The variety pomiformis is limited to central California (San Francisco, Mount Diablo, Gilroy, and Salinas) and the closest known varieties are var. maculipennis and var. distictus (Yosemite Park and Merced Falls). Most of these characters also follow a continuous variation, and the distributions overlap in the southern regions for all, except var. pomiformis. Thus, there are not conspicuous character states to support these varieties as independent entities. Also, the host plant is Q. agrifolia in three of the varieties and Q. wislizenii in var. provincialis and var. distinctus. Both oaks are closely related and often form hybrids (Brophy & Parnell 1974). We consider all these varieties as intraspecific variations of Amphibolips quercuspomiformis comb. nov.

Amphibolips cibriani Pujade-Villar Amphibolips cibriani Pujade-Villar, 2018; In Pujade-Villar et al., 2018: 151–158. Type material examined. HOLOTYPE. ♀ (deposited in JP-V col., UB) with the following labels: “MEX-316, Santa Fe (Cuajimalpa, Ciudad de México), 19° 21’ 0.99” N, 99°16’ 27.02” W ” (white label), “ Q. crassipes, 2630 msnm., (25. iv.2017) 10–20.v.2017 ”, col. DCT-2906” (white label); “ Holotype Amphibolips cibriani Pujade-Villar n. sp., desig. JP-V 2018 ” (red label). Paratypes: 4ǒ with the same data as the holotype (UB). Additional material. Deposited in UB: (4ǒ) with the same data as the holotype, adults were cut out from the galls; “MEX 299, MEXICO, Santa Fe, Cuajimalpa, Ciudad de México, 19° 21’ 0.99” N, 99°16’ 27.02” W, (10. vii.2014) only galls (UB), Ex Q. crassipes, leg. D. Cibrian ”. Diagnosis. This species is characterized by incomplete notauli and rounded mesoscutellum with posterolateral projections not pointing upwards (Fig. 11A); antenna black in the first half and conspicuously lighter in distal half; forewing infuscate, with distal half infuscate and a hyaline cross band at distal third of radial cell reaching posterior margin of wing. Closely resembles A. bassae n. sp. and A. bromus n. sp. (see Diagnosis above in the corresponding species). The gall also differs from all other known galls from Mexico and Central America (see below). Gall. (Figs 14 I–K) A subglobose bud gall, approximately 20 mm in diameter. Outer shell lignified and hard. Surface rugulose, uniformly light brown, with short apical tip and peduncle. The gall is monolocular, with a spongy internal tissue, filling the entire gall, with central rounded larval cell. Host. Quercus crassipes. Biology. Only females are known. The galls were collected in April; adults emerged in May. Distribution. Mexico: Ciudad de México State., Published as part of Cuesta-Porta, Víctor, Equihua-Martínez, Armando, Estrada-Venegas, Edith G., Cibrián-Tovar, David, Barrera-Ruíz, Uriel M., Silva, Salvador Ordaz, Sánchez, Imelda Virginia López, Melika, George & Pujade-Villar, Juli, 2020, Revision of the Amphibolips species of the ' nassa' complex from Mexico and central America (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae), pp. 1-50 in Zootaxa 4877 (1) on page 12, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4877.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4567340, {"references":["Pujade-Villar, J., Barrera-Ruiz, U. M. & Cuesta-Porta, V. (2018) Description of Amphibolips cibriani Pujade-Villar n. sp. from Mexico (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini). Dugesiana, 25 (2), 151 - 158."]}

Amphibolips palmeri Basset species dubia Amphibolips palmeri Basset, 1890: 86. The type material is presumably lost (Buffington pers. com.). This species was described from a single specimen extracted from a gall collected from an unidentified Quercus species by Basset (1890). According to the author, the gall was donated by Mr. B. Pickman Mann and had the following label: “Summit of Sierra Madre, Chihuahua, México. Winter 1885–86, Dr. Edward Palmer”. Beutenmüller (1909) in his revision of the Amphibolips of North America broadened the distribution of this species to Guadalajara (Jalisco, México) for a gall deposited in the American Museum of Natural History, but did not add any new information to the description of the species. Amphibolips palmeri was not mentioned in Kinsey (1937) paper on Amphibolips of México. In the latest studies on Amphibolips (Melika et al. 2011; Nieves-Aldrey et al. 2012) as well as in this study, the type material of the species was not found. We provide the original description given Basset (1890) below: “Gallfly – Female. Entire body black. Head: face unevenly wrinkled, vertex and thorax deeply and irregularly wrinkled. Antennae black, very short, 13-jointed, first joint heavy, second joint short, third joint one-half longer than the first and second together, fourth joint one half as long as the third, remaining joints short, last joint a little longer than the twelfth. Mesothorax deeply and irregularly wrinkled with two obscure parallel lines and a line at the base of each wing. Parapsidal grooves faint and scarcely interrupt the rugosity of the surface. Mesoscutellum very coarsely wrinkled and conspicuously broader in the middle than on the anterior side, truncate and emarginate posteriorly; foveae large, rugose with a low irregular line separating them and a high ridge bounding them at the sides, the whole polished and shining. Abdomen black, second segment covering one-half of the whole, anterior half smooth and shining and with a few scattered hairs. The posterior half and the visible parts of the other segments distinctly reticulated or punctate, except a narrow-polished band on the margin of each. Legs black, shining with a few scattered hairs. Wings dark, smoky brown, with a very dark brown cloud covering the areolet and the lower half of the radial area; beyond this and extending across the radial area to almost the posterior margin is a light colourless area and the anterior margin from the dark, broad, first cross-vein to a short distance beyond the second cross-vein is of the same light colour; tip of wing beyond the pale area, dark smoky brown as below this pale area. Areolet very small, but well defined. Radial area open, large and broad. Length 6.5 mm.” Concerning to the gall, it is a large spherical spongious bud gall. Light yellowish brown; the outer shell thin but firm. Internally soft spongious tissue. Larval chamber round embedded in the spongious tissue. Diameter: 35 to 70 mm. Remarks. According to Melika et al. (2011), this species closely resembles A. dampfi and might well be synonymous. The type (female) of A. palmeri is lost, nevertheless the adults and galls descriptions are consistent. For the moment, this species is considered as species dubia until the type material appears, or new data can be examined., Published as part of Cuesta-Porta, Víctor, Equihua-Martínez, Armando, Estrada-Venegas, Edith G., Cibrián-Tovar, David, Barrera-Ruíz, Uriel M., Silva, Salvador Ordaz, Sánchez, Imelda Virginia López, Melika, George & Pujade-Villar, Juli, 2020, Revision of the Amphibolips species of the ' nassa' complex from Mexico and central America (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae), pp. 1-50 in Zootaxa 4877 (1) on pages 23-24, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4877.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4567340, {"references":["Beutenmuller, W. (1909) The species of Amphibolips and their galls. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 26, 47 - 66.","Kinsey, A. C. (1937) New Mexican Gall Wasps (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae). Revista de Entomologia, 7 (4), 428 - 471.","Melika, G., Equihua-Martinez, A., Estrada-Venegas, E. G., Cibrian-Tovar, D., Cibrian-Llanderal, V. D. & Pujade-Villar, J. (2011) New Amphibolips gallwasp species from Mexico (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae). Zootaxa, 3105 (1), 47 - 59. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3105.1.2","Nieves-Aldrey, J. L., Pascual, E., Maldonado-Lopez, Y., Medianero, E. & Oyama, K. (2012) Revision of the Amphibolips species of Mexico excluding the \" niger complex \" Kinsey (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae), with description of seven new species. Zootaxa, 3545 (1), 1 - 40. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3545.1.1"]}

Amphibolips bassae Cuesta-Porta & Pujade-Villar n. sp. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: B54EB2A5-C4E0-4B7A-A548-03DD111317F2 Type material. HOLOTYPE ♀ (deposited in UB) with the following labels: “ MEXICO, Juárez, Puebla ” (white label), “ Q. crassifolia, (26.v.2013) vi.2013, leg. Alondra ” (white label), Holotype Amphibolips bassae Cuesta-Porta & JP-V n. sp., desig. Cuesta-Porta, 2020” (red label). Paratypes: 1♂ with the same data as the holotype. Etymology. Named in honor of Dolors Bassa i Coll. Diagnosis. The new species is characterized by its forewing colouration, infuscate on distal half with a hyaline cross band covering the whole width of wing on the distal third in females (males with completely infuscate forewings except for a clear area distally on the first costal cell, under margin with radial cell); mesoscutellum slightly broader than long with posterolateral pointed projections and projecting upwards; scutellar fovea are separated by a strong median carina; the antenna black, sometimes lighter distally. Most closely resembles A. bromus n. sp. and A. cibriani. Amphibolips bassae n. sp. and A. cibriani have incomplete notauli and the mesoscutellum broader than long, but the posterolateral projections of mesoscutellum is pointed upwards in the new species and rounded in A. cibriani; antenna almost uniformly chestnut black in the new species and basally black and light brown distally in A. cibriani; the clypeus and mandibles are uniformly chestnut brown in A. bassae n. sp., while in A. cibriani the clypeus is chestnut brown and mandibles are rufous. Also, the new species differs from A. bromus n. sp. by the incomplete notauli and mesoscutellum broader than long. Galls of the new species are completely different from all mentioned species; it is globular, hard, not squeezable by finger pressure, up to 40 mm of diameter. The surface is olive green when mature and turning brownish green when dry, never mottled. Description. (Figs 1 A–1G). Sexual female. Body length: 5 mm (N=1) Colour. Head black; antennae black on basal half and chestnut brown distally; mesosoma black; legs chestnut brown, except ambarine tarsi; metasoma ambarine. Head (Figs 1 C–1D) ovate in anterior view, upper face coarsely dull rugose, almost glabrous, 2.6x as broad as long from above, 1.2x as broad as high in anterior view and slightly narrower than mesosoma; lower face rugose with alutaceous interspaces, uniformly sparsely pubescent with white setae. Gena rugose with alutaceous interspaces, broadened behind eye, visible behind eyes in anterior view, 1.3x as broad as cross diameter of eye; malar space faintly rugate and dull; height of eye 1.6 times as long as length of malar space. POL subequal to OOL; diameter of lateral ocellus 2.5–2.8x larger than LOL; ocelli round. Transfacial distance 1.4 times as broad as height of eye; diameter of antennal torulus 3x longer than distance between toruli, distance between torulus and inner margin of eye 1.3 times as long as diameter of torulus. Clypeus alutaceous, ventrally emarginate, with median incision; anterior tentorial pits deep, epistomal sulcus and clypeo-pleurostomal lines obscured, slightly discernible. Frons, vertex, interocellar area and occiput uniformly coarsely rugose. Occiput with dorsal faint carina. Labial palpus 3-segmented, maxillary palpus 5-segmented. Antenna (Fig. 1B) with 11 flagellomeres; slightly longer than mesosoma+head; scape 2.6x as long as pedicel; pedicel subglobose, slightly broader than long; F1 subequal to scape+pedicel and 1.3x as long as F2; F2 slightly longer than F3; F3 nearly equal to F4, subsequent flagellomeres shorter, F11 2.0x as long as F10; F11 strongly divided with incomplete sulci, F11 2.0x as long as broad after the incomplete sulci, placodeal sensilla visible on F5–F11, absent on F1–F4. Mesosoma (Figs 1 E–1F) only slightly longer than high. Pronotal plate smooth dorsally, with numerous irregular rugae laterally. Mesoscutum uniformly rugose with alutaceous interspaces; round, as long as broad in dorsal view (largest width measured across mesoscutum on the level of tegulae base). Notauli incomplete, lost in rugose sculpture on anterior half, notaular furrow with same sculpture as rest of mesoscutum; anterior parallel lines hardly visible through sculpture, not elevate, alutaceous-coriaceous, extending to almost half of mesoscutum; parapsidal lines distinct, originating away from posterior margin and extending to nearly half length of mesoscutum, slightly elevated; median mesoscutal sulcus present, shiny with transversal rugate; parascutal carina short, extending to level of tegula only. Mesoscutellum 0.5x as long as mesoscutum, 0.8x as long as broad, coarsely dull rugose, round, as broad as long, overhanging metanotum; marginate laterally, scutellar foveae round, deep, conspicuous median carina, foveae shiny smooth with faint transversal carinae connected to median carina, lateral sides of foveae with strong narrow carinae, separating them from dorsoaxillar area, posteriorly margined by V-shaped carina pointing to posterior depression. Mesoscutellum with posteromedian depression reaching posterior margin of mesoscutellum, margined laterally by strong carinae, depression rugate. Mesopleuron uniformly rugose with alutaceous interspaces and sparsely pubescent, some rugae orientated into transverse subparallel striae. Mesopleural triangle rugose and shiny; dorsal axillar area rugate; lateral axillar area and axillula faintly rugate, with few short, white setae; subaxillular bar smooth, shiny, with parallel sides, its height less than height of metanotal trough, most posterior part extending to half height of mesoscutellum; postalar process long, with parallel striae; metapleural sulcus hidden in dull rugose sculpture. Metascutellum uniformly faintly rugate-coriaceous, metanotal trough faintly shiny rugose, with dense white setae; ventral impressed area smooth, slightly shorter than height of metascutellum; central propodeal area rugate, dull; lateral propodeal carinae visible, partially covered by sculpture, subparallel, slightly curved outwards medially; lateral propodeal area with irregular strong wrinkles and dense white setae; nucha short, with irregular wrinkles. Legs with sparse short white setae; tarsal claws with basal lobe. Forewing (Fig. 1A) longer than body, hyaline on basal half, with basal cell slightly infuscate around margins; short dense cilia on margin; distal half infuscate with clear longitudinal stripe on distal third extended posteriorly covering distal third of radial cell, medial part of second costal cell and distal part of discoidal cell; veins dark brown; radial cell narrow, heavily infuscate basally, long, opened on margin, 3 times longer than broad; R1 nearly reaching wing margin; areolet small, visible, triangular, closed; Rs+M reaching basalis at its half height. Metasoma (Fig. 1G) almost as long as head+mesosoma, 1.2x as long as high in lateral view; 2nd metasomal tergum slightly surpassing half of length of metasoma, smooth, dull, with short sparse setae laterally; posterior third conspicuously finely punctate dorsally and laterally, posterior margin with a very narrow smooth band, without punctures; all subsequent terga dorsally and laterally uniformly and entirely micropunctate, with a narrow smooth band posteriorly on each tergum. Ventral spine of hypopygium robust, short, needle-like, prominent part 3.3x as long as broad, with two rows of white setae each side, extending beyond apex of spine. Male (Figs 2 A–2F). Differs from female as follows: antennae with 13 flagellomeres (Fig. 2B), entirely black; legs black except tarsi chestnut brown; forewings completely infuscate (Fig. 2F), first costal cell with clear area on distal half, basal margin of radial cell more infuscate, hyaline patch on middle third of Rs vein, covering part of radial and costal II cell; transfacial distance 1.2x as long as height of eye, diameter of toruli 2.5x as long as distance from torulus to lateral margin of eye, diameter of torulus 4.5x as long as distance between toruli. Mesoscutum coarsely rugose, notauli and median carina almost inconspicuous, rugose (Fig. 2D). Mesoscutellum coarsely rugose, 1.1x longer than broad; scutellar foveae round, shiny and rugose (Fig. 2C). Metasoma 0.9x as long as mesosoma and 1.6x as long as high (Fig. 2A). Length 5 mm (N=1) Gall (Figs 16 E–G). A rather small, subglobose bud gall, around 40 mm in diameter; slightly narrower at base around the connection with the branch. The gall is thick-walled, with lignified parenchyma, olive green when mature and turn light brown when dry, with smooth and naked surface; hard spongious parenchyma internally with central ovate, hard-walled larval chamber, with largest length of 5.0– 6.5 mm. Host. Quercus crassifolia. Biology. Only the sexual generation is known. The mature gall was collected in May; adults emerged in June. Distribution. Mexico: Puebla State., Published as part of Cuesta-Porta, Víctor, Equihua-Martínez, Armando, Estrada-Venegas, Edith G., Cibrián-Tovar, David, Barrera-Ruíz, Uriel M., Silva, Salvador Ordaz, Sánchez, Imelda Virginia López, Melika, George & Pujade-Villar, Juli, 2020, Revision of the Amphibolips species of the ' nassa' complex from Mexico and central America (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae), pp. 1-50 in Zootaxa 4877 (1) on pages 5-8, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4877.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4567340

Amphibolips castroviejoi Medianero & Nieves-Aldrey Amphibolips castroviejoi Medianero & Nieves-Aldrey, 2010: 48–52 Type material examined: HOLOTYPE. ♀ deposited in MNCN (Cat. nº 2022). PANAMA, Chiriquí, Carretera de Volcancito, Boquete 8º 43’ 23 07” N, 82º 27’ 19 07” W, 1404 m, Ex Q. salicifolia, (28.i.2008) ii.08, E. Medianero leg. Paratypes: 1♂ with same data as holotype. Diagnosis. This species is characterized by heavily darkened forewings with a clear cross-band at the distal third that reaches posterior margin of forewing both in males and females, mesoscutellum subquadrate posteriorly, and metasoma predominantly black and rufo-piceous ventrally. The forewing pattern most closely resembles the species group of A. bassae n. sp., A. bromus n. sp., A. cibriani and A. fusus for the distal clear cross-band that reaches posterior margin of wing, but the forewings of A. castroviejoi are completely darkened except for the distal cross-band (proximal half of forewing is hyaline in the rest of species, except for the male of A. bassae n. sp. which is completely infuscate except for a clear spot at the distal half of radial cell). The species most closely resembles A. basssae n. sp. by the similar coarse sculpture of mesoscutum and mesoscutellum, but median sulci on the mesoscutum are absent in A. castroviejoi (present in A. bassae n. sp.), metasoma is black and rufo-piceous ventrally in A. castroviejoi (ambarine to rufous in A. bassae n. sp.). Galls of A. castroviejoi are differ from all other known galls; they are large (on average 54 x 43 mm), irregularly spherical or globose, elongated at the base, with a thick peduncle, without apical tip, and with a smooth, mottled surface. Gall. A globose bud gall, 45–58 mm in diameter, with short elongation at the base forming a thick peduncle. Light green and mottled when mature, turning light brown when dry. Outer shell thin, hard. Internal parenchyma soft and spongious. Central larval chamber with a hard shell, 5–6 mm in diameter. A picture of the gall is given in Medianero & Nieves-Aldrey (2010: Figs 8 A–C). Host. Quercus salicifolia. Biology. Only the sexual generation is known. Galls were collected in January; adults emerged in February. Distribution. Panama.

Amphibolips hidalgoensis Pujade-Villar & Melika Amphibolips hidalgoensis Pujade-Villar & Melika, 2011. In Melika et al., 2011: 53–56. Amphibolips malinche Nieves-Aldrey & Maldonado, 2012. In Nieves-Aldrey et al., 2012: 16–18. n. syn. Type material examined of A. hidalgoensis: HOLOTYPE. ǒ (deposited in JP-V col, UB) with the following la-bels: MEXICO, “Acoxachitlan, Barrio de Tlacpac, Hidalgo state, Mexico (08.vi.2010) 8–15.vi.2010. Q. crassifolia, leg J.Pujade-Villar” (white label), “ Holotype Amphibolips hidalgoensis Pujade-Villar & Melika desig. JP-V 2011” (red label); Paratypes (deposited in JP-V col, UB): 16ǒ with the same data as the holotype; 5♀, MEXICO, San Mar-cos, Tlaxcala, (3.vi.2010) 3–10.vi.2010, Ex Q. crassipes, leg. J.Pujade-Villar; 4ǒ, MEXICO, Los Romeros, Hidalgo, (3.vi.2010), 3–10.vi.2010; Ex Q. candicans, leg J. Pujade-Villar; 4ǒ, Huasca, Hidalgo, (08.vi.2010) 8–15.vi.2010, Ex Q. candicans; Type material examined of A. malinche: HOLOTYPE. ♀ (deposited in MNCN), Cat. nº 2248. “ MEXICO, Tlaxcala, La Malinche, 19º 12’ 29 49” N, 98º 0’ 44 47” W, 2800 m; ex gall Q. mexicana, (16.v.2006) 30.v.2006, leg. E. Pascual”; Paratype: 1♀ with the same data as holotype. Additional material. Material deposited in UB with the following labels: (MEX-273, MEX-274, MEX-275, MEX-279 & MEX-280) “Parque Nacional Zoquiapan y Anexas, 2138792.32N, 535424.37W, 3046 masl, Ixtapaluca, México (México), Ex Q. crassipes, (30.v.2012) vi–viii.2012: 18ŏ (UB), leg. E. Estrada & A. Equihua ”; “MEX-283, MEXICO, Los Romeros (2411 masl), Santiago Tulantepec de Lugo Guerrero, Hidalgo, (03.vi.2010) 17.vii.2010: 1ŏ (UB), Ex Q. mexicana, leg. E. Estrada & A. Equihua ”; “MEX-284, MEXICO, Canalejas, Estado de Mexico, Ex Q. crassipes, (iii.2002) iv.2002: 1ŏ (UB), leg. Efrain Tovar; “MEX-290, MEXICO, Fray Francisco (2210 masl), Acaxochitlán, Hidalgo, Ex Q. crassifolia, (10.vi.2010) 23.vi.2010: 7ŏ (UB), leg. E. Estrada & A. Equihua ”; “MEX-292, MEXICO, San Marcos (573138.99 E, 2137717.75 N; 2342 masl), Papalotla de Xicohténcatl, Tlaxcala, Ex Q. crassipes, (03.vi.2010) 04.vii.2010: 4ŏ (UB), leg. E. Estrada & A. Equihua ”; “MEX-293, MEXICO, Huasca, Hidalgo, Ex Q. calophylla, (08.vi.2010) 15–30.vi.2010: 2ŏ (UB), leg. J. Pujade-Villar ”; “MEX-296, MEXICO, Barrio Tlacpac, Acaxochitlán, Hidalgo, Ex Q. crassifolia, (08.vi.2010) 13.vii.2010: 11ŏ (UB), leg. E. Estrada & A. Equihua ”; “MEX-334, MEXICO, Tlaxco (19º40’5.54”N, 98º6’4.21”W; 2553masl), Tlaxcala, Ex Q. crassipes, (16.vi.2018) vii.2018: 5ŏ (UB), Pujade-Villar, Equihua & Estrada leg.”; “MEX-335, MEXICO, Aquixtla, Puebla, Ex Quercus sp., (13.vi.2018) vii.2018: 2ŏ (UB), Pujade-Villar, Equihua & Estrada leg.”; “MEX-353, MEXICO, Atecoxco (19º45’52”N, 97º57’52”W; 2382 masl), Aquixtla, Puebla, Ex Q. crassifolia, (16.vi.2018) 16–30.vii.2018: 8ŏ (UB), Pujade-Villar, Equihua & Estrada leg.”; (MEX-354 & MEX-355) “ MEXICO, Autopista Km 120, More-lia-Ciudad de Mexico, Ex Q. crassipes, (21.vi.2018) 16–30.vii.2018: 12ŏ (UB), Pujade-Villar, Equihua & Estrada leg.”; “MEX-390, MEXICO, Santa Fe, Cuajimalpa, Ciudad de Mexico, Ex Q. crassipes, (17.v.2016) vi.2016: 4ŏ (UB), leg. D. Cibrian ”; “MEX-449, MEXICO, Tlanchinol, Hidalgo, Ex Q. castanea, without data: 1ŏ (UB), leg. Equihua & Estrada-Venegas.”; “MEX-458, MEXICO, Carretera Mexico-Tuxpam (20º 2’ 41.85” N, 98º 28’ 7.86” W), Lajas Chicas, Hidalgo, Ex Q. crassipes, without data: 4ŏ (UB), leg. Equihua & Estrada-Venegas”; “MEX-462, MEXICO, Rancho Concepción, San Felipe del Progreso, Mexico state, Ex Q. crassipes & Q. acutifolia, (14. vii.2016) vii.2016: 5ŏ (UB), leg. N. Flores”. Diagnosis. This species is characterized with a posteromedian depression of mesoscutum projected anteriorly, reaching scutellar foveae; bottom of depression with subparallel transversal carinae and smooth interspaces that extend to posterior margin of mesoscutellum. This species closely resembles A. tarasco but can be differentiated by the rugose lateral margin of compound eye in A. hidalgoensis (alutaceous and finely carinated dorsolaterally in A. tarasco); mesoscutum uniformly rugate in A. hidalgoensis (less densely rugate in posteromedian area in A. tarasco) (Figs 11D, 11J); scutellar foveae round with median carina extending to full length of foveae, posteromedian depression connecting with foveae (foveae subtriangular posterior and medially limited by rugose sculpture, median carina shorter than total length of foveae in A. tarasco); metascutellum less than 1.8x as broad as high (more than 2.0x in A. tarasco) (Figs 4 E–F). Galls of both species are subglobose bud galls, but A. hidalgoensis has galls with a thin, uniformly coloured outer shell and soft spongious internal tissue, while galls of A. tarasco have a mottled surface and outer shell and internal spongious tissue that is rather hard (Figs 16 H–I). The gall is similar to other species with a large globular shape without a mottled surface; it is not differentiable from A. michoacaensis and A. jaliscensis, but differs from A. quercuspomiformis comb. nov., A. oaxacae, A. tarasco, A. kinseyi n. sp. and A. bassae n. sp. by having a deformable surface under applied finger pressure, because the parenchyma is relatively soft in A. hidalgoensis, A. jaliscensis and A. michoacaensis. Gall (Figs 15 A–B). Usually large, subglobose, detachable bud galls, sometimes with fine tip at apex. Maximum diameter 30–65 mm. Outer shell thin and fragile; internal tissue spongious and soft with central larval chamber about 5 mm in diameter. Hosts. Quercus acutifolia, Q. calophylla, Q. castanea, Q. crassifolia, Q. crassipes, Q. mexicana. Biology. Only females are known. We consider this species to be an asexual form as we have never obtained males after the emerging of more than 100 females from different localities. The mature galls were collected in late May to early June; most adults emerged soon after field collection, some were reared in November. Distribution. Mexico: Hidalgo, Mexico and Tlaxcala states. Remarks. After the examination of A. malinche types, we found great similarities between this species and A. hidalgoensis: lateral margin of eye rugulose; mesoscutum uniformly rugulose with finely alutaceous to smooth interspaces; forewing pattern within the morphological variability of A. hidalgoensis; mesoscutellum with longitudinal median depression posteriorly deep and shallow anteriorly, reaching scutellar foveae, with rugae forming transversal subparallel carinae along median depression; scutellar foveae rounded with distinct median carina, foveae smooth with sparse transversal carinae (Figs 5 A–B). Mesoscutellum is different in the holotype and the paratype of A. malinche; the holotype having an unusually broad median depression and short irregular median carina between scutellar foveae but it might be an aberrant variant of A. hidalgoensis; the paratype presented all the above mentioned similarities to A. hidalgoensis. Furthermore, the galls of both species are identical. Amphibolips malinche were sampled in the state of Tlaxcala and numerous specimens of A. hidalgoensis were collected 30 km away from the location of the two known specimens of A. malinche. The two specimens of A. malinche reared from galls of Q. mexicana, which shares distribution with the rest of host plant species (Q. calophylla, Q. crassifolia and Q. crassipes) in the states of Ciudad de México, Guanajuato, Hidalgo, México, Oaxaca, Puebla, Querétaro. Some morphological variability has been detected within this species: forewing pattern and metasomal tergum II with coriaceous sculpture. Forewing colour pattern is variable in basal cell pigmentation, sometimes clearer than first cubital and radial cell; also, distal third of radial cell sometimes presents a clear area shortly extended into second cubital cell. This character was used by Nieves-Aldrey et al. (2012) to identify A. jaliscensis (see below) and A. malinche, but we do not consider it a reliable character for A. malinche as we have encountered similar patterns in specimens of A. hidalgoensis. The coriaceous sculpture in metasomal tergum II is present in all the species with anterior margin of forewing infuscate, and particularly variable in A. hidalgoensis. This character ranges from coarsely coriaceous and extended past half-length of tergum, to be almost inconspicuous and confined to the posterior third of tergum bordering punctures. This species is currently the only one known to have such a wide range but no correlation with other characters has been found. Amphibolips hidalgoensis is by far the most frequently collected Amphibolips species in Mexico. Such sampling bias might be concealing other, poorly sampled, species’ variability and attributing as intraspecific variability to a possible widely spread interspecific common trait. Alternatively, A. hidalgoensis is probably a complex of species that cannot be sorted out by only morphological criteria. For all these reasons we consider A. malinche as a syn. nova of A. hidalgoensis., Published as part of Cuesta-Porta, Víctor, Equihua-Martínez, Armando, Estrada-Venegas, Edith G., Cibrián-Tovar, David, Barrera-Ruíz, Uriel M., Silva, Salvador Ordaz, Sánchez, Imelda Virginia López, Melika, George & Pujade-Villar, Juli, 2020, Revision of the Amphibolips species of the ' nassa' complex from Mexico and central America (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae), pp. 1-50 in Zootaxa 4877 (1) on pages 14-15, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4877.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4567340, {"references":["Melika, G., Equihua-Martinez, A., Estrada-Venegas, E. G., Cibrian-Tovar, D., Cibrian-Llanderal, V. D. & Pujade-Villar, J. (2011) New Amphibolips gallwasp species from Mexico (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae). Zootaxa, 3105 (1), 47 - 59. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3105.1.2","Nieves-Aldrey, J. L., Pascual, E., Maldonado-Lopez, Y., Medianero, E. & Oyama, K. (2012) Revision of the Amphibolips species of Mexico excluding the \" niger complex \" Kinsey (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae), with description of seven new species. Zootaxa, 3545 (1), 1 - 40. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3545.1.1"]}