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Objectives: This study was performed to determine whether multiparous pregnant women are prone to influenza. Methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted at 19 centres located throughout Japan, targeting all 6694 postpartum women within 7 days after birth before leaving the hospital. All women gave birth during the study period between March 1, 2015, and July 31, 2015. Data regarding vaccination and influenza infection in or after October 2014, age, previous experience of childbirth, and number and ages of cohabitants were collected. Results: Seventy-eight percent (n = 5,197) of women given questionnaires responded. Of these, 2,661 (51%) and 364 (7.0%) women reported having been vaccinated and having contracted influenza, respectively. Multiparous women had a higher risk of influenza regardless of vaccination status (8.9% [121/1,362] vs. 5.7% [74/1,299], relative risk [95% confidence interval], 1.80 [1.36 to 2.38] for vaccinated and 9.3% [112/1,198] vs. 4.3% [57/1,328], 2.18 [1.60 to 2.97] for unvaccinated women) compared to primiparous women. The risk of influenza increased with increasing number of cohabitants: 4.8% (100/2,089), 7.5%, (121/1,618), 9.0%, (71/785), and 10.4% (58/557) for women with 1, 2, 3, and ≥ 4 cohabitants, respectively. Conclusions: Family size is a risk factor for influenza infection in pregnancy.

Plasma metabolite and immunoreactive insulin concentrations and activities of enzymes related to energy metabolism in peripheral leukocytes were measured in growing Holstein calves. A ratio of girth of abdomen divided by girth of thorax (A/T ratio) of calves was significantly elevated after weaning, and the A/T ratio maybe a good indicator to evaluate rumen development. Plasma glucose and free fatty acid concentrations were changed in calves accompanying change in feeding. Activities of lactate dehydrogenase with pyruvate as substrate (LDH-P) and hexokinase (HK) in cytosolic fractions of peripheral leukocytes decreased significantly after weaning the calves reflecting the change of energy source from milk replacer with high percentages of fat and glucose and lactose as absorbable carbohydrate to pelleted feed containing starch as less absorbable carbohydrate and roughage. Some peripheral leukocyte enzymes such as LDH and HK may be good indicators to evaluate changes in energy metabolism of growing calves.

Plasma metabolites and immunoreactive insulin (IRI) concentrations and enzyme activities of some types of peripheral leucocytes were measured to clarify one aspect of the differences in nutrient metabolism between dogs and cats. There were no significant differences in plasma concentrations of glucose, triglyceride, free fatty acids and IRI between dogs and cats. Higher total cholesterol and lower HDL cholesterol concentrations were observed in feline plasma, and H/T ratio (HDL/total cholesterol concentrations) was significantly lower than that in canine plasma. The cytosolic activities of fructokinase (FK), pyruvate kinase (PK), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were significantly higher and the activities of cytosolic malate dehydrogenase (MDH) and mitochondrial glutamate dehydrogenase (GLDH) were significantly lower in feline leucocytes than those in canine leucocytes. Higher activities of FK, PK and G6PD, which regulate the rate of biosynthesis of fatty acids, may reflect the different characteristics in nutrient metabolism in feline tissues from canine tissues.

In this paper, we use non-harmonic analysis (NHA), as recently proposed by the author, to analyse the change of frequency of a piano string before tuning. NHA has a high frequency resolution and the influence of the window function is smaller than DFT. The use of A4 for the tuning standard is analysed in the experiment. The observed result is that the variation of the frequency is large before the string is tuned. This is a phenomenon that originates in the way that the vibration of the string combines two large and small elliptic orbits in the direction the string was struck, as was shown by analysis of the string vibration with optical apparatus by Tanaka et al. This paper verifies the change of frequency of the string originating in the elliptic orbit not by using optical apparatus but by recording and analysing the sound of the piano with high frequency resolution NHA.

Concentrations of metabolites and immunoreactive insulin (IRI) and activities of enzymes related to energy metabolism were measured in plasma of Korean and Japanese beef cattle, which were raised by the indoor feeding system programmed to feed larger amount of roughage in their growing periods and larger amount of concentrate diet in their finishing periods (Japanese feeding system), and grazing New Zealand beef cattle. By the Japanese beef grading system, Korean and Japanese beef cattle showed high beef quality score, average grade 3.3 and 3.6, respectively. The plasma free fatty acid and lactate concentrations and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), malate dehydrogenase (MDH) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities in Korean beef cattle were significantly higher than those in Japanese beef cattle. The plasma lactate concentration in Korean beef cattle was 8.40 mmol/l, which was similar to the values observed in lactic acidosis. The higher activities of plasma LDH, MDH and AST may indicate slight liver damage by slightly acidotic conditions in Korean beef cattle. New Zealand beef cattle fed on pasture which they harvest by grazing showed significantly lower plasma glucose, cholesterol, lactate and IRI concentrations and enzyme activities than those in Korean and Japanese beef cattle fed on larger amount of concentrate diets. Plasma metabolite concentrations and energy metabolism-related enzyme activities may be good indicators for evaluating metabolic conditions of beef cattle raised by different feeding systems.

New SAW frequency variable oscillators for a mobile radio unit are presented. A 145-MHz SAW-resonator -oscillator has been developed for the FM modulator. An 800-MHz SAW delay-line oscillator without an external phase shifter is proposed for the frequency synthesizer.

To investigate the effect of Agaricus mushroom meal on the energy metabolism in animal tissues; plasma glucose, triglyceride, cholesterol and immunoreactive insulin (IRI) concentrations and activities of enzymes related to energy metabolism in plasma and peripheral leukocytes were measured in Japanese Black Wagyu × Holstein F1 calves supplemented with Agaricus blazei Murill ( A. blazei ) extract in milk-replacer at the dose of 60 g/head/day for 4 weeks. Activities of malate dehydrogenase and aspartate aminotransferase in cytosol and glutamate dehydrogenase in mitochondria, and the malate dehydrogenase/lactate dehydrogenase ratio in cytosol in peripheral leukocytes of calves with A. blazei were significantly higher than those in control calves without A. blazei . It was concluded that supplementation of Agaricus mushroom meal extract was effective in activation of enzymes related to energy metabolism in peripheral leukocytes of calves.

Activities of enzymes related to energy metabolism and isoenzyme patterns of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were determined in peripheral leukocytes and livers of Holstein dairy cows and Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice. In dairy cow liver, activities of enzymes in glycolysis, malate-aspartate shuttle and lipogenesis were lower, but activities of glucose-6-phosphatase in gluconeogenesis were higher than those in mouse liver. Glucokinase activities were below detection limit in leukocytes and liver of the cows. Dairy cow leukocytes and liver showed the isoenzyme patterns with dominance of LDH-1, -2 and-3, whereas mouse leukocytes and liver showed that LDH-5 was dominant. The LDH isoenzyme patterns were very similar between leukocytes and liver in each animal species. Some enzymes in leukocytes may reflect those enzymes activities in liver and be a useful indicator for energy metabolism in animals.

Deep-UV cw radiation around 202 nm was generated by frequency conversion of a LD-pumped solid-state laser and a LD-based master-oscillator power-amplifier system. The maximum power is 0.36 mW and the wavelength is tunable from 201.5 to 203.1 nm. We measured an optogalvanic spectrum with this light source.

The authors describe the design concept, configuration, and characteristics of a new mobile subscriber set (MSS) for NTT's new high-capacity land mobile communication system. In spite of many complicated features, such as diversity reception, cochannel interference detection, automatic frequency control, and system compatibility, the new MSS has been made smaller than the conventional MSS through common use of radio portions and software modules in addition to redevelopment of LSIs. The standby and transmitting time of the MSS in battery operation was drastically improved as against the conventional MSS by thorough reduction of component current drain and application of intermittent reception. The sets have worked well in Tokyo's high-capacity system (MCS-L2) and over the whole area of Japan (MCS-L1). >

A frequency stability enhanced synthesizer, which receives a signal transmitted from a base station and uses it as frequency standard in a mobile radio unit, was developed. Key points of the synthesizer to obtain high-frequency stability are: improvement in accuracy of detecting signal frequency and compensation of frequency detection error caused by receiver configuration. These are discussed theoretically and tested experimentally. On the basis of these results, a frequency-stabilization circuit was developed. The performance of the synthesizer incorporating the circuit is presented. >

A disorder of the conduction system causes cardiac arrhythmia. At present, electromagnetic waves such as radiofrequency waves are generally used for the ablation. However, the radiofrequency ablation often accompanies fatal side effects. We developed the new method of catheter ablation using a temperature-sensitive ferrite rod and a nonmagnetic metal ring as a heating device. The device generates heat in an impressed magnetic field that does not generate heat in the body itself. The maximum temperature is determined by the Curie temperature of the ferrite rod. The clinical application of the method was discussed experimentally. The results suggest the usefulness of this method for conduction system ablation in the treatment of ventricular arrhythmia. >

NTT has developed a pocket-size telephone whose volume and weight are 150 c/sup 3/ and 230 g, respectively. The design concept, miniaturization techniques, configuration, and performance characteristics of the telephone are presented. It is pointed out that this telephone also has high speech quality and an excellent man-machine interface. >

A double resonant cavity for sum-frequency generation has been successfully operated; it accomodates a walk-off-compensated configuration of β-BaB 2 O 4 crystals with collinear circulation of the fundamental beams. Continuous-wave 194 nm coherent radiation has been obtained with an output power of 31 μW.

True aneurysms of the intrathoracic segment of the subclavian artery are extremely rare. Atherosclerosis is the most common etiology. The surgical approach and timing of repair remain controversial. We successfully treated a patient with a large proximal subclavian artery aneurysm which was secondary to atherosclerosis. The patient was asymptomatic for 30 years as the aneurysm enlarged. Three-dimensional computed tomography provided the most useful information regarding anatomy of the cervical vasculature. The patient underwent closure of the inlet port of the aneurysm and repair using a 6-mm Dacron bypass graft (Gelsoft , VASCTEK, Scotland) via a minimally invasive surgical approach.

Abstract For deepwater offshore drilling operations, planning and operations must take into account the necessary time required to pull the drilling riser in case of an emergency. Operational limitations prevent the complete recovery of the riser prior to location evacuation, and physical limitations may cause a riser to stress fail catastrophically if hung off. Uncertainties in predicting the size and course of storms combined with the above limitations severely restrict the operational envelope of deepwater riser drilling. Both operators and contractors would benefit from a system that would allow a riser to be abandoned and later re-entered easily in deepwater. P. 331

A laboratory type cesium beam frequency standard has been developing at the Radio Research Laboratories, Tokyo. Design consideration, some of the analysis and basic experiments have been made. The construction and performance of the beam tube and the electronics are mainly reported.

結腸に発生した腺扁平上皮癌の2例を経験したので若干の文献的考察を加え報告した.症例1は75歳男性.S状結腸から直腸S状部にび浸潤型の病変を認め, 術中所見で肛門側断端に癌の遺残が疑われたため直腸切断術を施行した.肉眼的進行度はP0, H0, N2, S2でStage IVであった.術後21日目に上部消化管出血に起因する多臓器不全にて死亡した.症例2は55歳女性.S状結腸に限局潰瘍型の病変を認め, 前方切除術を施行した.肉眼的進行度はP0, H0, N0, S2でStage IIであった.術後2年1カ月の現在再発の徴候なく健在である. いずれも病理組織学的に, 腺癌成分と扁平上皮癌成分が混在としており腺扁平上皮癌と診断された.その組織発生に関する可能性としては, 腺癌成分と扁平上皮癌成分の移行像がみられることなどから, 腺癌の直接扁平上皮化生説が有力と考えられた.

Summary The results of the operation of the hydrogen maser with a ne'v. state selector are described. In the first part of this report, the measurenent results of the magnetic inhomogeneity shift of the maser frequency by the use of a new state selector are described. In the next part, the results of the long-term continuous operation of the masers by the automatic cavlty tuning method are described. Maser structure and Electronics 'The structure of the maser, H3 or H4, is shown in Fig.1. It is of the loboratory type. This apparatus consists of the two ion pumps, the atomic source system, the double focuslng state selector, the four-layer magnetic shields, the microwave cavity and the storage bulb. The shielding factor is about 15000. The loaded Q of the cavity is about 45000 and the cavity temperature 1s controlled within the limits of 10.01 C. the cavity autotuning electronics are shown in Fig.2. The system shown In the upper part of the figure is the phase-locking loop for controlling aMHz quartz crystal oscillator. The system shown in the lower part is the electronics for the automatic cavity tuning1. The beat priod of the two maser frequencies is measured to detect the cavity offset by varying the atomic flux between the two levels. The detected signal is used to correct the cavity frequency. The frequency stability of the free running maser is about 3 x at the averaging time of 500 seconds and that of the autotuned maser is about 1 x at the averaging time from 100 seconds to 1 day. The system of the maser electronics and that of

The serum levels of CA 15-3, Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and SCC-Ag were determined in 30 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the lung. The patients were classified into 2 groups, a peripheral type and a central type, according to bronchoscopic findings. The obtained results were as follows: serum-CA 15-3 and serum-CEA were significantly elevated in patients with peripheral type, and serum-SCC-Ag was elevated in both types of squamous cell carcinoma.

This paper introduces an advanced 800 MHz direct-oscillation frequency, synthesizer and 145 MHz SAW FM modulator that do not use multipliers or mixers but instead uses four newly developed devices: An 800 MHz VCO, a 145 MHz SAW VCO, a two-modulus prescaler IC which is operational up to 1 GHz, and a C-MOS PLL LSL.

Ceftriaxone was used in single intravenously dose of 1 g to treat 20 men with gonorrhoea caused by penicillinase-producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae (PPNG) and non-PPNG. Of 14 patients followed up, 13 (92.9%) were cured. Cure rates for PPNG infections and non-PPNG infections were 100% and 90.9% respectively. No side effect was observed except 1 case of vomiting out of 20 cases. It is concluded that this drug is safe and effective in treating both PPNG and non-PPNG infections.

Penicillinase production and minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of penicillin G, amoxycillin, doxycycline, and spectinomycin were studied for 155 gonococcal strains isolated in Fukuoka, Japan, between April and December 1981. Of 155 isolates, 25 (16.1%) strains were identified as penicillinase-producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae (PPNG) by a rapid iodometric test. The antibiotic sensitivity of 130 penicillinase-negative (non-PPNG) and 25 PPNG strains was compared. The mean MIC of penicillin G for non-PPNG strains was 0.65 microgram/ml. Twenty-five PPNG strains had MICs of penicillin G between 6.25 and greater than 100 micrograms/ml. The susceptibility to amoxycillin and doxycycline of PPNG strains was significantly lower than that of non-PPNG strains. All the strains proved to be sensitive to spectinomycin. The MICs of four antibiotics for non-PPNG strains were significantly correlated.