Search

Your search keyword '"Ruyck, Karl"' showing total 39 results
Start Over Author "Ruyck, Karl"
39 results on '"Ruyck, Karl"'

2. Mycotoxin contamination in the Arab World: highlighting the main knowledge gaps and the current legislations.

Author

Abdallah, Mohamed F., primary, Gado, Muhammad, additional, Abdelsadek, Doha, additional, Zahran, Fatma, additional, El-Salhey, Nada Nabil, additional, Mehrez, Ohaila, additional, Abdel-Hay, Sara, additional, Mohamed, Sahar M., additional, de Ruyck, Karl, additional, Yang, Shu-peng, additional, Gonzales, Gerard Bryan, additional, and Varga, Elisabeth, additional

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

7. Mycotoxin exposure assessments in a multi-center European validation study by 24-hour dietary recall and biological fluid sampling

Author

De Ruyck, Karl, Huybrechts, Inge, Yang, Shupeng, Arcella, Davide, Claeys, Liesel, Abbeddou, Souheila, De Keyzer, Willem, De Vries, Jeanne, Ocke, Marga, Ruprich, Jiri, De Boevre, Marthe, De Saeger, Sarah, De Ruyck, Karl, Huybrechts, Inge, Yang, Shupeng, Arcella, Davide, Claeys, Liesel, Abbeddou, Souheila, De Keyzer, Willem, De Vries, Jeanne, Ocke, Marga, Ruprich, Jiri, De Boevre, Marthe, and De Saeger, Sarah

Abstract

The European Food Consumption Validation (EFCOVAL) project includes 600 men and women from Belgium, the Czech Republic, France, the Netherlands, and Norway, who had given serum and 24-hour urine samples, and completed 24-hour dietary recall (24-HDR) interviews. Consumption, according to 24-HDR, was matched against the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) databases of mycotoxin contaminations, via the FoodEx1 standard classifications, producing an indirect external estimate of dietary mycotoxin exposure. Direct, internal measurements of dietary mycotoxin exposure were made in serum and urine by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. For the first time, mycotoxin exposures were thoroughly compared between two 24-HDRs, and two 24-hour urine samples collected during the same days covered by the 24-HDRs. These measurements were compared to a single-time point serum measurement to investigate evidence of chronic mycotoxin exposure. According to 24-HDR data, all 600 individuals were exposed to between 4 and 34 mycotoxins, whereof 10 found to exceed the tolerable daily intake. Correlations were observed between two time points, and significant correlations were observed between concentrations in serum and urine. However, only acetyldeoxynivalenol, ochratoxin A, and sterigmatocystin were found to have significant positive correlations between 24-HDR exposures and serum, while aflatoxin G1 and G2, HT-2 toxin, and deoxynivalenol were associated between concurrent 24-HDR and 24-hour urine. Substantial agreements on quantitative levels between serum and urine were observed for the groups Type B Trichothecenes and Zearalenone. Further research is required to bridge the interpretation of external and internal exposure estimates of the individual on a time scale of hours. Additionally, metabolomic profiling of dietary mycotoxin exposures could help with a comprehensive assessment of single time-point exposures, but also with the identification

Published
2020

8. Blood-Based Protein Biomarkers for Diagnosis of Alzheimer Disease

Author

Doecke, James D., Laws, Simon M., Faux, Noel G., Wilson, William, Burnham, Samantha C., Lam, Chiou-Peng, Mondal, Alinda, Bedo, Justin, Bush, Ashley I., Brown, Belinda, De Ruyck, Karl, Ellis, Kathryn A., Fowler, Christopher, Gupta, Veer B., Head, Richard, Macaulay, S. Lance, Pertile, Kelly, Rowe, Christopher C., Rembach, Alan, Rodrigues, Mark, Rumble, Rebecca, Szoeke, Cassandra, Taddei, Kevin, Taddei, Tania, Trounson, Brett, Ames, David, Masters, Colin L., and Martins, Ralph N.

Published
2012
Full Text
View/download PDF

10. Mycotoxin exposure assessments in a multi-center European validation study by 24-hour dietary recall and biological fluid sampling

Author

De Ruyck, Karl, primary, Huybrechts, Inge, additional, Yang, Shupeng, additional, Arcella, Davide, additional, Claeys, Liesel, additional, Abbeddou, Souheila, additional, De Keyzer, Willem, additional, De Vries, Jeanne, additional, Ocke, Marga, additional, Ruprich, Jiri, additional, De Boevre, Marthe, additional, and De Saeger, Sarah, additional

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

14. Metabolic Profile of Zearalenone in Liver Microsomes from Different Species and Its in Vivo Metabolism in Rats and Chickens Using Ultra High-Pressure Liquid Chromatography-Quadrupole/Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry

Author

Yang, Shupeng, primary, Zhang, Huiyan, additional, Sun, Feifei, additional, De Ruyck, Karl, additional, Zhang, Jinzhen, additional, Jin, Yue, additional, Li, Yanshen, additional, Wang, Zhanhui, additional, Zhang, Suxia, additional, De Saeger, Sarah, additional, Zhou, Jinhui, additional, Li, Yi, additional, and De Boevre, Marthe, additional

Published
2017
Full Text
View/download PDF

15. Metabolism of T-2 Toxin in Farm Animals and Human In Vitro and in Chickens In Vivo Using Ultra High-Performance Liquid Chromatography- Quadrupole/Time-of-Flight Hybrid Mass Spectrometry Along with Online Hydrogen/Deuterium Exchange Technique

Author

Yang, Shupeng, primary, De Boevre, Marthe, additional, Zhang, Huiyan, additional, De Ruyck, Karl, additional, Sun, Feifei, additional, Zhang, Jinzhen, additional, Jin, Yue, additional, Li, Yanshen, additional, Wang, Zhanhui, additional, Zhang, Suxia, additional, Zhou, Jinhui, additional, Li, Yi, additional, and De Saeger, Sarah, additional

Published
2017
Full Text
View/download PDF

16. Metabolic Profile of Zearalenone in Liver Microsomes from Different Species and Its in Vivo Metabolism in Rats and Chickens Using Ultra High-Pressure Liquid Chromatography-Quadrupole/Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry

Author

Yang, Shupeng, Zhang, Huiyan, Sun, Feifei, De Ruyck, Karl, Zhang, Jinzhen, Jin, Yue, Li, Yanshen, Wang, Zhanhui, Zhang, Suxia, De Saeger, Sarah, Zhou, Jinhui, Li, Yi, and De Boevre, Marthe

Abstract

To explore differences of zearalenone (ZEN) metabolism between various species, phase I and II metabolism by liver microsomes of animals and human were investigated using ultra high-pressure liquid chromatography-quadrupole/time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q/TOF MS). A total of 24 metabolites were identified, among which 12 were reported for the first time. Reduction, hydroxylation, and glucuronidation were the major metabolic pathways of ZEN, and significant differences in various species were also observed. Reduction was the main reaction in swine and human, whereas hydroxylation was predominant in rats, chickens, goats, and cows in in vitro systems. Furthemore, in vivo metabolism of ZEN in rats and chickens was investigated, and 23 and 6 metabolites were identified in each species, respectively. Reduction, hydroxylation, and glucuronidation were the major metabolic pathways in rats, while reduction and sulfation predominated in chickens. These results further enrich the biotransformation profile of ZEN, providing a helpful reference for assessing the risks to animals and humans.

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

17. Metabolism of T-2 Toxin in Farm Animals and Human In Vitro and in Chickens In Vivo Using Ultra High-Performance Liquid Chromatography- Quadrupole/Time-of-Flight Hybrid Mass Spectrometry Along with Online Hydrogen/Deuterium Exchange Technique

Author

Yang, Shupeng, De Boevre, Marthe, Zhang, Huiyan, De Ruyck, Karl, Sun, Feifei, Zhang, Jinzhen, Jin, Yue, Li, Yanshen, Wang, Zhanhui, Zhang, Suxia, Zhou, Jinhui, Li, Yi, and De Saeger, Sarah

Abstract

After being incubated with animal and human liver microsomes, metabolites of phase I and II were investigated. A comparison was performed by ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole/time-of-flight coupled to mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q/TOF). Consequently, a total of four phase I metabolites and three glucuronide binding metabolites of T-2 toxin were discovered. Although a significant metabolic difference was observed among six species, HT-2 toxin was the major product in all species. In addition, the in vivo metabolism of T-2 toxin after oral administration was also investigated in chickens, In total, 18 metabolites were detected, of which 13 were novel, to our knowledge, and reported for the first time. To elucidate the structures of these metabolites, besides accurate mass data from their MS and MS2spectra, online hydrogen/deuterium (H/D) exchange technique was also carried out. These new metabolites were regarded as 3′-hydroxy-T-2 3-sulfate, 3′-hydroxy-HT-2 3-sulfate, 4′-hydroxy-HT-2, 3′,4′-dihydroxy-HT-2, 4′-carboxyl-T-2, 4′-carboxyl-HT-2, 4′-carboxyl-4′-hydroxy-T-2, and their isomers, implying that T-2 toxin was metabolized more extensively in animals than previously thought. Furthermore, 3′-hydroxy-HT-2, 4′-carboxyl-T-2, 3′-hydroxy-T-2, HT-2 toxin, and neosolaniol were identified to be the major metabolites of T-2 toxin in chickens. The present study expands existing knowledge about T-2 toxin metabolism, informing assessments of the impact T-2 toxin exposure and metabolism on health.

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

20. Simultaneous Determination of Type A and B Trichothecenes and Their Main Metabolites in Food Animal Tissues by Ultraperformance Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Triple-Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry

Author

Yang, Shupeng, primary, Wang, Ying, additional, Beier, Ross C., additional, Zhang, Huiyan, additional, Ruyck, Karl De, additional, Sun, Feifei, additional, Cao, Xingyuan, additional, Shen, Jianzhong, additional, Zhang, Suxia, additional, and Wang, Zhanhui, additional

Published
2015
Full Text
View/download PDF

21. Testosterone Replacement Therapy in Older Male Subjective Memory Complainers: Double-Blind Randomized Crossover Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial of Physiological Assessment and Safety

Author

Asih, Prita, primary, Wahjoepramono, Eka, additional, Aniwiyanti, Vilia, additional, Wijaya, Linda, additional, Ruyck, Karl, additional, Taddei, Kevin, additional, Fuller, Stephanie, additional, Sohrabi, Hamid, additional, Dhaliwal, Satvinder, additional, Verdile, Giuseppe, additional, Carruthers, Malcolm, additional, and Martins, Ralph, additional

Published
2015
Full Text
View/download PDF

23. Plasma Amyloid-β as a Biomarker in Alzheimer's Disease: The AIBL Study of Aging

Author

Lui, James, Lui, James, Laws, Simon, Li, Qiao-Xin, Villemagne, Victor, Ames, David, Brown, Belinda, Bush, Ashley, De Ruyck, Karl, Dromey, Jasmin, Ellis, Kathryn, Faux, Noel, Foster, Jonathan, Fowler, Christopher, Gupta, Veer, Hudson, Peter, Laughton, Katrina, Masters, Colin, Pertile, Kelly, Rembach, Alan, Rimajova, Miroslava, Rodrigues, Mark, Rowe, Christopher, Rumble, Rebecca, Szoecke, Cassandra, Taddei, Kevin, Taddei, Tania, Trounson, Brett, Ward, Vanessa, Lui, James, Lui, James, Laws, Simon, Li, Qiao-Xin, Villemagne, Victor, Ames, David, Brown, Belinda, Bush, Ashley, De Ruyck, Karl, Dromey, Jasmin, Ellis, Kathryn, Faux, Noel, Foster, Jonathan, Fowler, Christopher, Gupta, Veer, Hudson, Peter, Laughton, Katrina, Masters, Colin, Pertile, Kelly, Rembach, Alan, Rimajova, Miroslava, Rodrigues, Mark, Rowe, Christopher, Rumble, Rebecca, Szoecke, Cassandra, Taddei, Kevin, Taddei, Tania, Trounson, Brett, and Ward, Vanessa

Abstract

Amyloid-β (Aβ) plays a central role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and has been postulated as a potential biomarker for AD. However, there is a lack of consensus as to its suitability as an AD biomarker. The objective of this study was to determine the significance of plasma Aβ as an AD biomarker and its relationship with Aβ load and to determine the effect of different assay methods on the interpretation of Aβ levels. Plasma Aβ1-40, Aβ1-42, and N-terminal cleaved fragments were measured using both a commercial multiplex assay and a well-documented ELISA in 1032 individuals drawn from the well-characterized Australian Imaging, Biomarkers and Lifestyle (AIBL) study of aging. Further, Aβ levels were compared to Aβ load derived from positron-emission tomography (PET) with the Pittsburgh compound B (PiB). Lower Aβ1-42 and Aβ1-42/1-40 ratio were observed in patients with AD and inversely correlated with PiB-PET derived Aβ load. However, assay methodology significantly impacted the interpretation of data. The cross-sectional analysis of plasma Aβ isoforms suggests that they may not be sufficient per se to diagnose AD. The value of their measurement in prognosis and monitoring of AD interventions needs further study, in addition to future longitudinal comparisons together with other predictors, which will determine whether plasma Aβ has diagnostic value in a panel of biomarkers.

Published
2010

24. Distinct Effects of Testosterone on Plasma and Cerebrospinal Fluid Amyloid-beta Levels

Author

Wahjoepramono, Eka, Wahjoepramono, Eka, Wijaya, Linda, Taddei, Kevin, Martins, Georgia, Howard, Matthew, De Ruyck, Karl, Bates, Kristyn, Dhaliwal, Satvinda, Verdile, Giuseppe, Carruthers, Malcolm, Martins, Ralph, Wahjoepramono, Eka, Wahjoepramono, Eka, Wijaya, Linda, Taddei, Kevin, Martins, Georgia, Howard, Matthew, De Ruyck, Karl, Bates, Kristyn, Dhaliwal, Satvinda, Verdile, Giuseppe, Carruthers, Malcolm, and Martins, Ralph

Abstract

The effect of testosterone on the levels of the Alzheimer's disease amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) was investigated in guinea pigs. Castrated guinea pigs (GPX) were administered testosterone at two different dosages, following which plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Aβ_{40} levels were measured. Plasma Aβ_{40} levels were reduced in GPX in the early stages of low-dose testosterone treatment, whereas CSF Aβ_{40} levels were only reduced by the time circulating testosterone had returned to untreated GPX levels. The supraphysiological testosterone dose did not reduce CSF Aβ_{40} levels significantly until circulating testosterone was back to uncastrated levels, whereas plasma Aβ_{40} levels significantly increased over time in these animals. These results indicate that the extent of testosterone-induced changes to Aβ_{40} levels and their response rates depend on both the tissue examined and testosterone dosage.

Published
2008

25. Luteinizing Hormone Levels are Positively Correlated with Plasma Amyloid-beta Protein Levels in Elderly Men

Author

Verdile, Giuseppe, Verdile, Giuseppe, Yeap, Bu, Clarnette, Roger, Dhaliwal, Satvinder, Burkhardt, Melanie, Chubb, S A Paul, De Ruyck, Karl, Rodrigues, Mark, Mehta, Pankaj D, Foster, Jonathan, Bruce, David, Martins, Ralph, Verdile, Giuseppe, Verdile, Giuseppe, Yeap, Bu, Clarnette, Roger, Dhaliwal, Satvinder, Burkhardt, Melanie, Chubb, S A Paul, De Ruyck, Karl, Rodrigues, Mark, Mehta, Pankaj D, Foster, Jonathan, Bruce, David, and Martins, Ralph

Abstract

Dysregulation of the hypothalamic pituitary gonadal (HPG) axis during aging has been associated with increased risk of cognitive decline and developing dementia. Compared to controls, men with Alzheimer's disease (AD) have been shown to have lower serum testosterone levels and higher serum luteinizing hormone (LH) levels. As serum free testosterone concentration is negatively correlated with LH in older men, the independent contributions of these hormones to the pathogenesis of AD warrants further clarification. To explore this notion, we measured plasma amyloid-β (Aβ), serum testosterone, serum LH and other biochemical parameters in 40 cognitively normal elderly men. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that serum LH concentration is the only parameter that significantly correlates with plasma Aβ levels in these men (r=0.5, p=0.041). These results suggest that increased serum LH concentration, rather than lower serum free testosterone, is associated with the accumulation of Aβ in plasma. Larger, longitudinal human studies are needed to determine the significance of LH in the pathogenesis of AD.

Published
2008

26. P3-019: Amyloid-β and its relevance to the detection of Alzheimer's disease in blood plasma: Findings from the first phase of the Australian Imaging, Biomarker and Lifestyle (AIBL) flagship study of ageing

Author

Lui, James, primary, De Ruyck, Karl, additional, Gupta, Veer, additional, Li, Qiao-Xin, additional, Taddei, Kevin, additional, Foster, Jonathan, additional, Taddei, Tania, additional, Brown, Belinda, additional, Ward, Vanessa, additional, Rodrigues, Mark, additional, Ellis, Kathryn, additional, Rowe, Christopher, additional, Villemagne, Victor, additional, Hudson, Peter, additional, Masters, Colin, additional, Martins, Ralph, additional, and Ames, David, additional

Published
2009
Full Text
View/download PDF

28. P1‐342: Relationship between cardiovascular disease risk factors and Alzheimer's disease Aβ protein in subjective memory complainers

Author

Bates, Kristyn A., primary, Sohrabi, Hamid R., additional, Rodrigues, Mark, additional, De Ruyck, Karl, additional, Beilby, John, additional, Dhaliwal, Satvinder S., additional, Criddle, Arthur, additional, Wraith, Megan, additional, Howard, Matthew, additional, Martins, Georgia, additional, Paton, Athena, additional, Mehta, Pankaj, additional, Foster, Jonathan K., additional, Martins, Ian J., additional, Lautenschlager, Nicola T., additional, Mastaglia, Frank L., additional, Laws, Simon M., additional, Gandy, Sam E., additional, and Martins, Ralph N., additional

Published
2008
Full Text
View/download PDF

29. Luteinizing Hormone Levels Are Positively Correlated with Plasma Amyloid-β Protein Levels in Elderly Men

Author

Verdile, Giuseppe, primary, Yeap, Bu B., additional, Clarnette, Roger M., additional, Dhaliwal, Satvinder, additional, Burkhardt, Melanie S., additional, Chubb, S.A Paul, additional, De Ruyck, Karl, additional, Rodrigues, Mark, additional, Mehta, Pankaj D., additional, Foster, Jonathan K., additional, Bruce, David G., additional, and Martins, Ralph N., additional

Published
2008
Full Text
View/download PDF

30. Plasma Amyloid-β as a Biomarker in Alzheimer's Disease: The AIBL Study of Aging.

Author

Lui, James K., Laws, Simon M., Qiao-Xin Li, Villemagne, Victor L., Ames, David, Brown, Belinda, Bush, Ashley I., De Ruyck, Karl, Dromey, Jasmin, Ellis, Kathryn A., Faux, Noel G., Foster, Jonathan, Fowler, Christopher, Gupta, Veer, Hudson, Peter, Laughton, Katrina, Masters, Colin L., Pertile, Kelly, Rembach, Alan, and Rimajova, Mira

Subjects
AMYLOID beta-protein, ALZHEIMER'S disease, BIOMARKERS, POSITRON emission tomography, DEMENTIA
Abstract

Amyloid-β (Aβ) plays a central role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and has been postulated as a potential biomarker for AD. However, there is a lack of consensus as to its suitability as an AD biomarker. The objective of this study was to determine the significance of plasma Aβ as an AD biomarker and its relationship with Aβ load and to determine the effect of different assay methods on the interpretation of Aβ levels. Plasma Aβ1-40, Aβ1-42, and N-terminal cleaved fragments were measured using both a commercial multiplex assay and a well-documented ELISA in 1032 individuals drawn from the well-characterized Australian Imaging, Biomarkers and Lifestyle (AIBL) study of aging. Further, Aβ levels were compared to Aβ load derived from positron-emission tomography (PET) with the Pittsburgh compound B (PiB). Lower Aβ1-42 and Aβ1-42/1-40 ratio were observed in patients with AD and inversely correlated with PiB-PET derived Aβ load. However, assay methodology significantly impacted the interpretation of data. The cross-sectional analysis of plasma Aβ isoforms suggests that they may not be sufficient per se to diagnose AD. The value of their measurement in prognosis and monitoring of AD interventions needs further study, in addition to future longitudinal comparisons together with other predictors, which will determine whether plasma Aβ has diagnostic value in a panel of biomarkers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2010
Full Text
View/download PDF

33. Distinct effects of testosterone on plasma and cerebrospinal fluid amyloid-beta levels.

Author

Wahjoepramono EJ, Wijaya LK, Taddei K, Martins G, Howard M, de Ruyck K, Bates K, Dhaliwal SS, Verdile G, Carruthers M, Martins RN, Wahjoepramono, Eka J, Wijaya, Linda K, Taddei, Kevin, Martins, Georgia, Howard, Matthew, de Ruyck, Karl, Bates, Kristyn, Dhaliwal, Satvinder S, and Verdile, Giuseppe

Abstract

The effect of testosterone on the levels of the Alzheimer's disease amyloid-beta peptide (Abeta) was investigated in guinea pigs. Castrated guinea pigs (GPX) were administered testosterone at two different dosages, following which plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Abeta_{40} levels were measured. Plasma Abeta_{40} levels were reduced in GPX in the early stages of low-dose testosterone treatment, whereas CSF Abeta_{40} levels were only reduced by the time circulating testosterone had returned to untreated GPX levels. The supraphysiological testosterone dose did not reduce CSF Abeta_{40} levels significantly until circulating testosterone was back to uncastrated levels, whereas plasma Abeta_{40} levels significantly increased over time in these animals. These results indicate that the extent of testosterone-induced changes to Abeta_{40} levels and their response rates depend on both the tissue examined and testosterone dosage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2008
Full Text
View/download PDF

34. Luteinizing hormone levels are positively correlated with plasma amyloid-beta protein levels in elderly men.

Author

Verdile G, Yeap BB, Clarnette RM, Dhaliwal S, Burkhardt MS, Chubb SA, De Ruyck K, Rodrigues M, Mehta PD, Foster JK, Bruce DG, Martins RN, Verdile, Giuseppe, Yeap, Bu B, Clarnette, Roger M, Dhaliwal, Satvinder, Burkhardt, Melanie S, Chubb, S A Paul, De Ruyck, Karl, and Rodrigues, Mark

Abstract

Dysregulation of the hypothalamic pituitary gonadal (HPG) axis during aging has been associated with increased risk of cognitive decline and developing dementia. Compared to controls, men with Alzheimer's disease (AD) have been shown to have lower serum testosterone levels and higher serum luteinizing hormone (LH) levels. As serum free testosterone concentration is negatively correlated with LH in older men, the independent contributions of these hormones to the pathogenesis of AD warrants further clarification. To explore this notion, we measured plasma amyloid-beta (Abeta), serum testosterone, serum LH and other biochemical parameters in 40 cognitively normal elderly men. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that serum LH concentration is the only parameter that significantly correlates with plasma Abeta levels in these men (r=0.5, p=0.041). These results suggest that increased serum LH concentration, rather than lower serum free testosterone, is associated with the accumulation of Abeta in plasma. Larger, longitudinal human studies are needed to determine the significance of LH in the pathogenesis of AD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2008
Full Text
View/download PDF

35. Amyloid-β and its relevance to the detection of Alzheimer's disease in blood plasma: Findings from the first phase of the Australian Imaging, Biomarker and Lifestyle (AIBL) flagship study of ageing

Author

Lui, James, De Ruyck, Karl, Gupta, Veer, Li, Qiao-Xin, Taddei, Kevin, Foster, Jonathan, Taddei, Tania, Brown, Belinda, Ward, Vanessa, Rodrigues, Mark, Ellis, Kathryn, Rowe, Christopher, Villemagne, Victor, Hudson, Peter, Masters, Colin, Martins, Ralph, and Ames, David

Published
2009
Full Text
View/download PDF

36. Mycotoxin contamination in the Arab world : highlighting the main knowledge gaps and discussing the proposed legislations to enhance food safety

Author

Mohamed Fathi Abdallah, Gado, Muhammad, Abdelsadek, Doha, Zahran, Fatma, N El-Salhey, Nada, Mehrez, Ohaila, Abdel-Hay, Sara, M Mohamed, Sahar, Ruyck, Karl, and Varga, Elisabeth

Subjects
Agriculture and Food Sciences, mycotoxin concentration, analytical detection methods, Biology and Life Sciences, toxicity, mycotoxin exposure, Veterinary Sciences, food and feed contamination
Abstract

Mycotoxins are among the most alarming food and feed contaminants threatening human and animal health. Since the discovery of aflatoxins in the 1960s, our knowledge about mycotoxins increased dramatically: biological syntheses have been unravelled; myriad analytical detection methods were developed; surveys in different matrices were conducted; investigations into toxicities took place; several methods for control have been tested; and legislative debates to protect the public from their toxic effects continue. Based on that, hundreds of review articles were published to summarize different areas in the mycotoxin field, including their contamination per country or per region. However, mycotoxin contamination in the Arab world, which includes 22 countries in Africa and Asia, have not been specifically reviewed. To this end, the present work has been conducted to review the contamination of mycotoxins in the Arab world to identify the main knowledge gaps needed to enhance the safety of food and feed. Our search, using several keywords, covered all the (non-)indexed publications written in English or Arabic or French. To the best of our knowledge, a total number of 306 papers were published between 1977 and 2021, focusing on the natural occurrence of mycotoxins in different matrices, which fall under one of 14 different categories (animal feed; animal products; baby food; cereals; cereal by-products; dairy products; legumes and pulses; nuts; spices; fruits and vegetables; juices and drinks; biomarkers; oils; and others). The relevant information (e.g., detected mycotoxins; number of samples; concentrations; method of detection) were extracted, processed and visualized using Microsoft Excel, R, GraphPad Prism, and RAWGraphs. The main results are presented as follows: i) research on mycotoxins has increased over the years, however the accumulated data on their occurrences are scarce to non-existent in some countries and regions; ii) state-of-the-art technologies on mycotoxin detection are not well implemented; neither are contemporary multi-mycotoxin detection strategies in the Arab world, showing the need for capacity-building initiatives; iii) mycotoxin profiles differ among food and feed categories, as well as between human biofluids. An overview will be presented relying on visualization for an easy take home message delivery. Furthermore, the current legislations in the Arab countries will be discussed in relation to the occurrence of mycotoxins in the Arab world.

37. Testosterone Replacement Therapy In Older Male Subjective Memory Complainers: Double-blind Randomized Crossover Placebo-controlled Clinical Trial Of Physiological Assessment And Safety

Author

Asih, Prita R., Wahjoepramono, Eka J., Aniwiyanti, Vilia, Wijaya, Linda K., De Ruyck, Karl, Taddei, Kevin, Fuller, Stephanie J., Sohrabi, Hamid R, Dhaliwal, Satvinder S., Verdile, Giuseppe, Carruthers, Malcolm, Martins, Ralph, Asih, Prita R., Wahjoepramono, Eka J., Aniwiyanti, Vilia, Wijaya, Linda K., De Ruyck, Karl, Taddei, Kevin, Fuller, Stephanie J., Sohrabi, Hamid R, Dhaliwal, Satvinder S., Verdile, Giuseppe, Carruthers, Malcolm, and Martins, Ralph

Abstract

R Asih, P., J Wahjoepramono, E., Aniwiyanti, V., K Wijaya, L., de Ruyck, K., Taddei, K., ... & Carruthers, M. (2015). Testosterone Replacement Therapy in Older Male Subjective Memory Complainers: Double-Blind Randomized Crossover Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial of Physiological Assessment and Safety. CNS & Neurological Disorders-Drug Targets (Formerly Current Drug Targets-CNS & Neurological Disorders), 14(5), 576-586. Available here

38. Dietary mycotoxins, co-exposure, and carcinogenesis in humans: Short review.

Author

De Ruyck K, De Boevre M, Huybrechts I, and De Saeger S

Subjects
Humans, Cell Transformation, Neoplastic chemically induced, Dietary Supplements adverse effects, Food Contamination, Mycotoxins adverse effects, Neoplasms chemically induced, Poisons adverse effects
Abstract

Mycotoxins, toxic secondary metabolites of fungi, affect global agriculture so prolifically that they are virtually ubiquitous at some concentration in the average human diet. Studies of in vitro and in vivo toxicity are discussed, leading to investigations of co-exposed mycotoxins, as well as carcinogenic effects. Some of the most common and toxicologically significant mycotoxins, such as the aflatoxins, ochratoxins, fumonisins, deoxynivalenol, T-2 toxin, HT-2 toxin, patulin, zearalenone, and some ergot alkaloids are outlined. The wide variety of pathogenic mechanisms these compounds employ are shown capable of inducing a complex set of interactions. Of particular note are potential synergisms between mycotoxins with regard to carcinogenic attributable risk, indicating an important field for future study., (Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Published
2015
Full Text
View/download PDF

39. Plasma amyloid-beta as a biomarker in Alzheimer's disease: the AIBL study of aging.

Author

Lui JK, Laws SM, Li QX, Villemagne VL, Ames D, Brown B, Bush AI, De Ruyck K, Dromey J, Ellis KA, Faux NG, Foster J, Fowler C, Gupta V, Hudson P, Laughton K, Masters CL, Pertile K, Rembach A, Rimajova M, Rodrigues M, Rowe CC, Rumble R, Szoeke C, Taddei K, Taddei T, Trounson B, Ward V, Martins RN, and AIBL Research Group

Subjects
Aged, Alzheimer Disease pathology, Apolipoproteins E metabolism, Australia, Biomarkers, Brain pathology, Cohort Studies, Cross-Sectional Studies, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Female, Humans, Life Style, Male, Neuropsychological Tests, Risk Assessment, Socioeconomic Factors, Aging physiology, Alzheimer Disease blood, Amyloid beta-Peptides blood
Abstract

Amyloid-beta (Abeta) plays a central role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and has been postulated as a potential biomarker for AD. However, there is a lack of consensus as to its suitability as an AD biomarker. The objective of this study was to determine the significance of plasma Abeta as an AD biomarker and its relationship with Abeta load and to determine the effect of different assay methods on the interpretation of Abeta levels. Plasma Abeta1-40, Abeta1-42, and N-terminal cleaved fragments were measured using both a commercial multiplex assay and a well-documented ELISA in 1032 individuals drawn from the well-characterized Australian Imaging, Biomarkers and Lifestyle (AIBL) study of aging. Further, Abeta levels were compared to Abeta load derived from positron-emission tomography (PET) with the Pittsburgh compound B (PiB). Lower Abeta1-42 and Abeta1-42/1-40 ratio were observed in patients with AD and inversely correlated with PiB-PET derived Abeta load. However, assay methodology significantly impacted the interpretation of data. The cross-sectional analysis of plasma Abeta isoforms suggests that they may not be sufficient per se to diagnose AD. The value of their measurement in prognosis and monitoring of AD interventions needs further study, in addition to future longitudinal comparisons together with other predictors, which will determine whether plasma Abeta has diagnostic value in a panel of biomarkers.

Published
2010
Full Text
View/download PDF

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results