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1. The ULS23 Challenge: a Baseline Model and Benchmark Dataset for 3D Universal Lesion Segmentation in Computed Tomography

Author

de Grauw, M. J. J., Scholten, E. Th., Smit, E. J., Rutten, M. J. C. M., Prokop, M., van Ginneken, B., and Hering, A.

Subjects
Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Image and Video Processing, Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract

Size measurements of tumor manifestations on follow-up CT examinations are crucial for evaluating treatment outcomes in cancer patients. Efficient lesion segmentation can speed up these radiological workflows. While numerous benchmarks and challenges address lesion segmentation in specific organs like the liver, kidneys, and lungs, the larger variety of lesion types encountered in clinical practice demands a more universal approach. To address this gap, we introduced the ULS23 benchmark for 3D universal lesion segmentation in chest-abdomen-pelvis CT examinations. The ULS23 training dataset contains 38,693 lesions across this region, including challenging pancreatic, colon and bone lesions. For evaluation purposes, we curated a dataset comprising 775 lesions from 284 patients. Each of these lesions was identified as a target lesion in a clinical context, ensuring diversity and clinical relevance within this dataset. The ULS23 benchmark is publicly accessible via uls23.grand-challenge.org, enabling researchers worldwide to assess the performance of their segmentation methods. Furthermore, we have developed and publicly released our baseline semi-supervised 3D lesion segmentation model. This model achieved an average Dice coefficient of 0.703 $\pm$ 0.240 on the challenge test set. We invite ongoing submissions to advance the development of future ULS models.

Published
2024

7. Analytical and experimental characterization of a miniature calorimetric sensor in pulsatile flow

Author

Gelderblom, H., van der Horst, A., Haartsen, J. R., Rutten, M. C. M., van de Ven, A. A. F., and van de Vosse, F. N.

Subjects
Physics - Fluid Dynamics
Abstract

The behaviour of a miniature calorimetric sensor, which is under consideration for catheter-based coronary artery flow assessment, is investigated in both steady and pulsatile tube flow. The sensor is composed of a heating element operated at constant power, and two thermopiles that measure flow-induced temperature differences over the sensor surface. An analytical sensor model is developed, which includes axial heat conduction in the fluid and a simple representation of the solid wall, assuming a quasi-steady sensor response to the pulsatile flow. To reduce the mathematical problem, described by a two-dimensional advection-diffusion equation, a spectral method is applied. A Fourier transform is then used to solve the resulting set of ordinary differential equations and an analytical expression for the fluid temperature is found. To validate the analytical model, experiments with the sensor mounted in a tube have been performed in steady and pulsatile water flow with various amplitudes and Strouhal numbers. Experimental results are generally in good agreement with theory and show a quasi-steady sensor response in the coronary flow regime. The model can therefore be used to optimize the sensor design for coronary flow assessment.

Published
2011
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13. Long-term survival and secondary procedures after open or endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms

Author

van Schaik, Theodorus G., Yeung, Kak K., Verhagen, Hence J., de Bruin, Jorg L., van Sambeek, Marc R.H.M., Balm, Ron, Zeebregts, Clark J., van Herwaarden, Joost A., Blankensteijn, Jan D., Grobbee, D. E., Blankensteijn, J. D., Bak, A. A.A., Buth, J., Pattynama, P. M., Verhoeven, E. L.G., van Voorthuisen, A. E., Balm, R., Cuypers, P. W.M., Prinssen, M., van Sambeek, M. R.H.M., Baas, A. F., Hunink, M. G., van Engelshoven, J. M., Jacobs, M. J.H.M., de Mol, B. A.J.M., van Bockel, J. H., Reekers, J., Tielbeek, X., Wisselink, W., Boekema, N., Heuveling, L. M., Sikking, I., de Bruin, J. L., Tielbeek, A. V., Reekers, J. A., Pattynama, P., Prins, T., van der Ham, A. C., van der Velden, J. J.I.M., van Sterkenburg, S. M.M., ten Haken, G. B., Bruijninckx, C. M.A., van Overhagen, H., Nolthenius, Tutein R.P., Hendriksz, T. R., Teijink, J. A.W., Odink, H. F., de Smet, A. A.E.A., Vroegindeweij, D., van Loenhout, R. M.M., Rutten, M. J., Hamming, J. F., Lampmann, L. E.H., Bender, M. H.M., Pasmans, H., Vahl, A. C., de Vries, C., Mackaay, A. J.C., van Dortmont, L. M.C., van der Vliet, A. J., Kool, Schultze L.J., Boomsma, J. H.B., van Dop, H. R., de Mol van Otterloo, J. C.A., de Rooij, T. P.W., Smits, T. M., Yilmaz, E. N., van den Berg, F. G., Visser, M. J.T., van der Linden, E., Schurink, G. W.H., de Haan, M., Smeets, H. J., Stabel, P., van Elst, F., Poniewierski, J., and Vermassen, F. E.G.

Published
2017
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15. Das Potential der kombinierten Shear-Wave und Strain Elastographie bei der Reduktion unnötiger Biopsien in der Brustkrebsdiagnostik – eine internationale, multizentrische Studie

Author

Golatta, M., additional, Pfob, A., additional, Büsch, C., additional, Bruckner, T., additional, Alwafai, Z., additional, Balleyguier, C., additional, Clevert, D.-A., additional, Duda, V., additional, Goncalo, M., additional, Gruber, I., additional, Hahn, M., additional, Kapetas, P., additional, Ohlinger, R., additional, Rutten, M., additional, Togawa, R., additional, Tozaki, M., additional, Wojcinski, S., additional, Rauch, G., additional, Heil, J., additional, and Barr, R.G., additional

Published
2022
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16. Die Bedeutung multimodaler Bildgebung und klinischer Informationen für Menschen und KI-basierte Algorithmen bei der Klassifikation von Brustläsionen (INSPiRED 003): eine internationale, multizentrische Analyse

Author

Pfob, A., additional, Sidey-Gibbons, C., additional, Barr, R.G., additional, Alwafai, Z., additional, Balleyguier, C., additional, Clevert, D.-A., additional, Fastner, S., additional, Gomez, C., additional, Goncalo, M., additional, Gruber, I., additional, Hahn, M., additional, Hennigs, A., additional, Kapetas, P., additional, Lu, S.-C., additional, Nees, J., additional, Ohlinger, R., additional, Riedel, F., additional, Rutten, M., additional, Schäfgen, B., additional, Schuessler, M., additional, Stieber, A., additional, Togawa, R., additional, Tozaki, M., additional, Wojcinski, S., additional, Xu, C., additional, Rauch, G., additional, Heil, J., additional, and Golatta, M., additional

Published
2022
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17. Meta‐analysis of individual‐patient data from EVAR‐1, DREAM, OVER and ACE trials comparing outcomes of endovascular or open repair for abdominal aortic aneurysm over 5 years

Author

Powell, J. T., Sweeting, M. J., Ulug, P., Blankensteijn, J. D., Lederle, F. A., Becquemin, J.‐P., Greenhalgh, R. M., Greenhalgh, R. M., Beard, J. D., Buxton, M. J., Brown, L. C., Harris, P. L., Powell, J. T., Rose, J. D. G., Russell, I. T., Sculpher, M. J., Thompson, S. G., Lilford, R.J., Bell, P. R. F., Greenhalgh, R. M., Whitaker, S.C., Poole‐Wilson, the late P.A., Ruckley, C. V., Campbell, W. B., Dean, M. R. E., Ruttley, M. S. T., Coles, E. C., Powell, J. T., Halliday, A., Gibbs, S. J., Brown, L. C., Epstein, D., Sculpher, M. J., Thompson, S. G., Hannon, R. J., Johnston, L., Bradbury, A. W., Henderson, M. J., Parvin, S. D., Shepherd, D. F. C., Greenhalgh, R. M., Mitchell, A. W., Edwards, P. R., Abbott, G. T., Higman, D. J., Vohra, A., Ashley, S., Robottom, C., Wyatt, M. G., Rose, J. D. G., Byrne, D., Edwards, R., Leiberman, D. P., McCarter, D. H., Taylor, P. R., Reidy, J. F., Wilkinson, A. R., Ettles, D. F., Clason, A. E., Leen, G. L. S., Wilson, N. V., Downes, M., Walker, S. R., Lavelle, J. M., Gough, M. J., McPherson, S., Scott, D. J. A., Kessell, D. O., Naylor, R., Sayers, R., Fishwick, N. G., Harris, P. L., Gould, D. A., Walker, M. G., Chalmers, N. C., Garnham, A., Collins, M. A., Beard, J. D., Gaines, P. A., Ashour, M. Y., Uberoi, R., Braithwaite, B., Whitaker, S. C., Davies, J. N., Travis, S., Hamilton, G., Platts, A., Shandall, A., Sullivan, B. A., Sobeh, M., Matson, M., Fox, A. D., Orme, R., Yusef, W., Doyle, T., Horrocks, M., Hardman, J., Blair, P. H. B., Ellis, P. K., Morris, G., Odurny, A., Vohra, R., Duddy, M., Thompson, M., Loosemore, T. M. L., Belli, A. M., Morgan, R., Adiseshiah, M., Brookes, J. A. S., McCollum, C. N., Ashleigh, R., Aukett, M., Baker, S., Barbe, E., Batson, N., Bell, J., Blundell, J., Boardley, D., Boyes, S., Brown, O., Bryce, J., Carmichael, M., Chance, T., Coleman, J., Cosgrove, C., Curran, G., Dennison, T., Devine, C., Dewhirst, N., Errington, B., Farrell, H., Fisher, C., Fulford, P., Gough, M., Graham, C., Hooper, R., Horne, G., Horrocks, L., Hughes, B., Hutchings, T., Ireland, M., Judge, C., Kelly, L., Kemp, J., Kite, A., Kivela, M., Lapworth, M., Lee, C., Linekar, L., Mahmood, A., March, L., Martin, J., Matharu, N., McGuigen, K., Morris‐Vincent, P., Murray, S., Murtagh, A., Owen, G., Ramoutar, V., Rippin, C., Rowley, J., Sinclair, J., Spencer, S., Taylor, V., Tomlinson, C., Ward, S., Wealleans, V., West, J., White, K., Williams, J., Wilson, L., Grobbee, D. E., Blankensteijn, J. D., Bak, A. A. A., Buth, J., Pattynama, P. M., Verhoeven, E. L. G., van Voorthuisen, A. E., Blankensteijn, J. D., Balm, R., Buth, J., Cuypers, P. W. M., Grobbee, D. E., Prinssen, M., van Sambeek, M. R. H. M., Verhoeven, E. L. G., Baas, A. F., Hunink, M. G., van Engelshoven, J. M., Jacobs, M. J. H. M., de Mol, B. A. J. M., van Bockel, J. H., Balm, R., Reekers, J., Tielbeek, X., Verhoeven, E. L. G., Wisselink, W., Boekema, N., Heuveling, L. M., Sikking, I., Prinssen, M., Balm, R., Blankensteijn, J. D., Buth, J., Cuypers, P. W. M., van Sambeek, M. R. H. M., Verhoeven, E. L. G., de Bruin, J. L., Baas, A. F., Blankensteijn, J. D., Prinssen, M., Buth, J., Tielbeek, A.V., Blankensteijn, J. D., Balm, R., Reekers, J. A., van Sambeek, M. R. H. M., Pattynama, P., Verhoeven, E. L. G., Prins, T., van der Ham, A. C., van der Velden, J. J. I. M., van Sterkenburg, S. M. M., ten Haken, G. B., Bruijninckx, C. M. A., van Overhagen, H., Tutein Nolthenius, R. P., Hendriksz, T. R., Teijink, J. A. W., Odink, H. F., de Smet, A. A. E. A., Vroegindeweij, D., van Loenhout, R. M. M., Rutten, M. J., Hamming, J. F., Lampmann, L. E. H., Bender, M. H. M., Pasmans, H., Vahl, A. C., de Vries, C., Mackaay, A. J. C., van Dortmont, L. M. C., van der Vliet, A. J., Schultze Kool, L. J., Boomsma, J. H. B., van Dop, H. R., de Mol van Otterloo, J. C. A., de Rooij, T. P. W., Smits, T. M., Yilmaz, E. N., Wisselink, W., van den Berg, F. G., Visser, M. J. T., van der Linden, E., Schurink, G. W. H., de Haan, M., Smeets, H. J., Stabel, P., van Elst, F., Poniewierski, J., Vermassen, F. E. G., Lederle, F. A., Freischlag, J. A., Kohler, T. R., Latts, E., Matsumura, J., Padberg, F. T., Jr, Kyriakides, T. C., Swanson, K. M., Guarino, P., Peduzzi, P., Antonelli, M., Cushing, C., Davis, E., Durant, L., Joyner, S., Kossack, the late A., Kyriakides, T. C., LeGwin, Mary, McBride, V., OʼConnor, T., Poulton, J., Stratton, the late S., Zellner, S., Snodgrass, A. J., Thornton, J., Swanson, K. M., Haakenson, C. M., Stroupe, K.T., Jonk, Y., Hallett, J. W., Hertzer, N., Towne, J., Katz, D. A., Karrison, T., Matts, J. P., Marottoli, R., Kasl, S., Mehta, R., Feldman, R., Farrell, W., Allore, H., Perry, E., Niederman, J., Randall, F., Zeman, M., Beckwith, the late D., OʼLeary, T. J., Huang, G. D., Latts, E., Bader, M., Ketteler, E. R., Kingsley, D. D., Marek, J. M., Massen, R. J., Matteson, B. D., Pitcher, J. D., Langsfeld, M., Corson, J. D., Goff, J. M., Jr, Kasirajan, K., Paap, C., Robertson, D. C., Salam, A., Veeraswamy, R., Milner, R., Kasirajan, K., Guidot, J., Lal, B. K., Busuttil, S. J., Lilly, M. P., Braganza, M., Ellis, K., Patterson, M. A., Jordan, W. D., Whitley, D., Taylor, S., Passman, M., Kerns, D., Inman, C., Poirier, J., Ebaugh, J., Raffetto, J., Chew, D., Lathi, S., Owens, C., Hickson, K., Dosluoglu, H. H., Eschberger, K., Kibbe, M. R., Baraniewski, H. M., Matsumura, J., Endo, M., Busman, A., Meadows, W., Evans, M., Giglia, J. S., El Sayed, H., Reed, A. B., Ruf, M., Ross, S., Jean‐Claude, J. M., Pinault, G., Kang, P., White, N., Eiseman, M., Jones, the late R., Timaran, C. H., Modrall, J. G., Welborn, M. B., III, Lopez, J., Nguyen, T., Chacko, J. K. Y., Granke, K., Vouyouka, A. G., Olgren, E., Chand, P., Allende, B., Ranella, M., Yales, C., Whitehill, T. A., Krupski, the late W. C., Nehler, M. R., Johnson, S. P., Jones, D. N., Strecker, P., Bhola, M. A., Shortell, C. K., Gray, J. L., Lawson, J. H., McCann, R., Sebastian, M.W., Kistler Tetterton, J., Blackwell, C., Prinzo, P. A., Lee, N., Padberg, F. T., Jr, Cerveira, J. J., Lal, B. K., Zickler, R. W., Hauck, K. A., Berceli, S. A., Lee, W. A., Ozaki, C. K., Nelson, P. R., Irwin, A. S., Baum, R., Aulivola, B., Rodriguez, H., Littooy, F. N., Greisler, H., OʼSullivan, M. T., Kougias, P., Lin, P. H., Bush, R. L., Guinn, G., Bechara, C., Cagiannos, C., Pisimisis, G., Barshes, N., Pillack, S., Guillory, B., Cikrit, D., Lalka, S. G., Lemmon, G., Nachreiner, R., Rusomaroff, M., OʼBrien, E., Cullen, J. J., Hoballah, J., Sharp, W. J., McCandless, J. L., Beach, V., Minion, D., Schwarcz, T. H., Kimbrough, J., Ashe, L., Rockich, A., Warner‐Carpenter, J., Moursi, M., Eidt, J. F., Brock, S., Bianchi, C., Bishop, V., Gordon, I. L., Fujitani, R., Kubaska, S. M., III, Behdad, M., Azadegan, R., Ma Agas, C., Zalecki, K., Hoch, J. R., Carr, S. C., Acher, C., Schwarze, M., Tefera, G., Mell, M., Dunlap, B., Rieder, J., Stuart, J. M., Weiman, D. S., Abul‐Khoudoud, O., Garrett, H. E., Walsh, S. M., Wilson, K. L., Seabrook, G. R., Cambria, R. A., Brown, K. R., Lewis, B. D., Framberg, S., Kallio, C., Barke, R. A., Santilli, S. M., dʼAudiffret, A. C., Oberle, N., Proebstle, C., Johnson, L. L., Jacobowitz, G. R., Cayne, N., Rockman, C., Adelman, M., Gagne, P., Nalbandian, M., Caropolo, L. J., Pipinos, I. I., Johanning, J., Lynch, T., DeSpiegelaere, H., Purviance, G., Zhou, W., Dalman, R., Lee, J. T., Safadi, B., Coogan, S. M., Wren, S. M., Bahmani, D. D., Maples, D., Thunen, S., Golden, M. A., Mitchell, M. E., Fairman, R., Reinhardt, S., Wilson, M. A., Tzeng, E., Muluk, S., Peterson, N. M., Foster, M., Edwards, J., Moneta, G. L., Landry, G., Taylor, L., Yeager, R., Cannady, E., Treiman, G., Hatton‐Ward, S., Salabsky, the late B., Kansal, N., Owens, E., Estes, M., Forbes, B. A., Sobotta, C., Rapp, J. H., Reilly, L. M., Perez, S. L., Yan, K., Sarkar, R., Dwyer, S. S., Perez, S., Chong, K., Kohler, T. R., Hatsukami, T. S., Glickerman, D. G., Sobel, M., Burdick, T. S., Pedersen, K., Cleary, P., Back, M., Bandyk, D., Johnson, B., Shames, M., Reinhard, R. L., Thomas, S. C., Hunter, G. C., Leon, L. R., Jr, Westerband, A., Guerra, R. J., Riveros, M., Mills, J. L., Sr, Hughes, J. D., Escalante, A. M., Psalms, S. B., Day, N. N., Macsata, R., Sidawy, A., Weiswasser, J., Arora, S., Jasper, B. J., Dardik, A., Gahtan, V., Muhs, B. E., Sumpio, B. E., Gusberg, R. J., Spector, M., Pollak, J., Aruny, J., Kelly, E. L., Wong, J., Vasilas, P., Joncas, C., Gelabert, H. A., DeVirgillio, C., Rigberg, D. A., Cole, L., Becquemin, J.‐P., Marzelle, J., Becquemin, J.‐P., Sapoval, M., Becquemin, J.‐P., Favre, J.‐P., Watelet, J., Lermusiaux, P., Sapoval, M., Lepage, E., Hemery, F., Dolbeau, G., Hawajry, N., Cunin, P., Harris, P., Stockx, L., Chatellier, G., Mialhe, C., Fiessinger, J.‐N., Pagny, L., Kobeiter, H., Boissier, C., Lacroix, P., Ledru, F., Pinot, J.‐J., Deux, J.‐F., Tzvetkov, B., Duvaldestin, P., Watelet, J., Jourdain, C., David, V., Enouf, D., Ady, N., Krimi, A., Boudjema, N., Jousset, Y., Enon, B., Blin, V., Picquet, J., LʼHoste, P., Thouveny, F., Borie, H., Kowarski, S., Pernes, J.‐M., Auguste, M., Becquemin, J.‐P., Desgranges, P., Allaire, E., Marzelle, J., Kobeiter, H., Meaulle, P.‐Y., Chaix, D., Juliae, P., Fabiani, J. N., Chevalier, P., Combes, M., Seguin, A., Belhomme, D., Sapoval, M., Baque, J., Pellerin, O., Favre, J. P., Barral, X., Veyret, C., Watelet, J., Peillon, C., Plissonier, D., Thomas, P., Clavier, E., Lermusiaux, P., Martinez, R., Bleuet, F., C, Dupreix, Verhoye, J. P., Langanay, T., Heautot, J. F., Koussa, M., Haulon, S., Halna, P., Destrieux, L., Lions, C., Wiloteaux, S., Beregi, J. P., Bergeron, P., Pinot, J.‐J., Patra, P., Costargent, A., Chaillou, P., DʼAlicourt, A., Goueffic, Y., Cheysson, E., Parrot, A., Garance, P., Demon, A., Tyazi, A., Pillet, J.‐C., Lescalie, F., Tilly, G., Steinmetz, E., Favier, C., Brenot, R., Krause, D., Cercueil, J. P., Vahdat, O., Sauer, M., Soula, P., Querian, A., Garcia, O., Levade, M., Colombier, D., Cardon, J.‐M., Joyeux, A., Borrelly, P., Dogas, G., Magnan, P.‐É., Branchereau, A., Bartoli, J.‐M., Hassen‐Khodja, R., Batt, M., Planchard, P.‐F., Bouillanne, P.‐J., Haudebourg, P., Bayne, J., Gouny, P., Badra, A., Braesco, J., Nonent, M., Lucas, A., Cardon, A., Kerdiles, Y., Rolland, Y., Kassab, M., Brillu, C., Goubault, F., Tailboux, L., Darrieux, H., Briand, O., Maillard, J.‐C., Varty, K., and Cousins, C.

Published
2017
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24. Discussion

Author

Taylor, J. H., Rutten, M. G., Hales, A. L., Shackleton, R. M., Nairn, A. E., and Harland, W. B.

Published
1965

25. Discussion

Author

Jeffreys, Harold, Kropotkin, P. N., Bernal, J. D., and Rutten, M. G.

Published
1965

26. Discussion

Author

De Sitter, L. U., Menard, H. W., Henderson, P., Rutten, M. G., Harland, W. B., Bott, M. H. P., and Miller, J. A.

Published
1965

35. Oesofagitis

Author

de Ru, V. J., primary, Storm, E., additional, and Rutten, M., additional

Published
2008
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48. Artificial intelligence outperforms pulmonologists in the interpretation of pulmonary function tests

Author

Topalovic, Marko, Das, Nilakash, Burgel, Pierre-Regis, Daenen, Marc, Derom, Eric, Haenebalcke, Christel, Janssen, Rob, Kerstjens, Huib AM, Liistro, Giuseppe, Louis, Renaud, Ninane, Vincent, Pison, Christophe, Schlesser, Marc, Vercauter, Piet, Vogelmeier, Claus F, Wouters, Emiel, Wynants, Jokke, Janssens, Wim, De Pauw, R, Depuydt, C, Haenebalcke, C, Muyldermans, S, Ringoet, V, Stevens, D, Bayat, S, Benet, J, Catho, E, Claustre, J, Fedi, A, Ferjani, MA, Guzun, R, Isnard, M, Nicolas, S, Pierret, T, Pison, C, Rouches, S, Wuyam, B, Corhay, JL, Guiot, J, Ghysen, K, Renaud, L, Sibille, A, De La Barriere, H, Charpentier, C, Corhut, S, Hamdan, KA, Schlesser, M, Wirtz, G, Alabadan, E, Birsen, G, Burgel, PR, Chohra, A, Hamard, C, Lemarie, B, Lothe, MN, Martin, C, Sainte-Marie, AC, Sebane, L, Berk, Y, de Brouwer, B, Janssen, R, Kerkhoff, J, Spaanderman, A, Stegers, M, Termeer, A, van Grimbergen, I, van Veen, A, van Ruitenbeek, L, Vermeer, L, Zaal, R, Zijlker, M, Aumann, J, Cuppens, K, Degraeve, D, Demuynck, K, Dieriks, B, Pat, K, Spaas, L, Van Puijenbroek, R, Weytjens, K, Wynants, J, Adam, V, Berendes, BJ, Hardeman, E, Jordens, P, Munghen, E, Tournoy, K, Vercauter, P, Alame, T, Bruyneel, M, Gabrovska, M, Muylle, I, Ninane, V, Rozen, D, Rummens, P, Van den Broecke, S, Froidure, A, Gohy, S, Liistro, G, Pieters, T, Pilette, C, Pirson, F, Kerstjens, H, Van den Berge, M, Ten Hacken, N, Duiverman, M, Koster, D, Vosse, B, Conemans, L, Maus, M, Bischoff, M, Rutten, M, Agterhuis, D, Sprooten, R, Beutel, B, Jerrentrup, A, Klemmer, A, Viniol, C, Vogelmeier, C, Bode, H, Dooms, C, Gullentops, D, Janssens, W, Nackaerts, K, Rutens, D, Wauters, E, Wuyts, W, Derom, E, Dobbelaere, S, Loof, S, Serry, G, Putman, B, Van Acker, L, Vandeweygaerde, Y, Criel, M, Daenen, M, Gubbelmans, R, Klerkx, S, Michiels, E, Thomeer, M, Vanhauwaert, A, UCL - (SLuc) Service de pneumologie, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Lifestyle Medicine (LM), Hôpital Cochin [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [Grenoble] (CHU), Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Bioenergetics = Laboratoire de bioénergétique fondamentale et appliquée (LBFA), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), RS: NUTRIM - R3 - Respiratory & Age-related Health, MUMC+: MA Longziekten (3), Pulmonologie, MUMC+: MA Med Staf Spec Longziekten (9), and MUMC+: MA Med Staf Artsass Longziekten (9)

Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Adult, Male, Pulmonary function, STRATEGIES, Pulmonary Function Study Investigators, Context (language use), DIAGNOSIS, GUIDELINES, [SDV.MHEP.PSR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pulmonology and respiratory tract, Pulmonary function testing, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Clinical history, Artificial Intelligence, Pulmonary Medicine, Medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Prospective Studies, Medical diagnosis, Pulmonologists, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Interpretation (logic), business.industry, Gold standard (test), STANDARDIZATION, PERFORMANCE, Middle Aged, 3. Good health, Respiratory Function Tests, Clinical Practice, 030228 respiratory system, Female, Artificial intelligence, business, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, Software
Abstract

The interpretation of pulmonary function tests (PFTs) to diagnose respiratory diseases is built on expert opinion that relies on the recognition of patterns and the clinical context for detection of specific diseases. In this study, we aimed to explore the accuracy and interrater variability of pulmonologists when interpreting PFTs compared with artificial intelligence (AI)-based software that was developed and validated in more than 1500 historical patient cases.120 pulmonologists from 16 European hospitals evaluated 50 cases with PFT and clinical information, resulting in 6000 independent interpretations. The AI software examined the same data. American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society guidelines were used as the gold standard for PFT pattern interpretation. The gold standard for diagnosis was derived from clinical history, PFT and all additional tests.The pattern recognition of PFTs by pulmonologists (senior 73%, junior 27%) matched the guidelines in 74.4±5.9% of the cases (range 56-88%). The interrater variability of κ=0.67 pointed to a common agreement. Pulmonologists made correct diagnoses in 44.6±8.7% of the cases (range 24-62%) with a large interrater variability (κ=0.35). The AI-based software perfectly matched the PFT pattern interpretations (100%) and assigned a correct diagnosis in 82% of all cases (p

Published
2018

50. Migration, Transnational Flows and Development in India: A Regional Perspective

Author

Upadhya, C., Rutten, M., Irudaya Rajan, S., and Moving Matters: People, Goods, Power and Ideas (AISSR, FMG)

Abstract

A substantial body of development research and policymaking today focusses on the potential benefits of international migration for developing countries, particularly on the resources that are sent by migrants to their families or communities at home. This ‘development mantra’ (Kapur 2004) views migration as an opportunity rather than a negative outcome of poverty and underdevelopment, as migrants from the South working in the North augment their skills and resources and become conduits through which human and financial capital is reinvested in their countries of origin (Clemens et al. 2014). The emergence of migrants as ‘heroes of development’ (Khadria 2008) and remittances as a ‘development tool’ (Bakker 2015) is linked to the influence of neoliberal ideology in the international development policy arena, which has entailed a rollback of development aid from both nation states and international institutions. The current discussion on migration and development was initiated by the 2003 World Bank report on Global Development Finance (2003), which claimed that the inflow of financial resources from developed to developing countries in the form of migrant remittances and philanthropy – at USD 90 billion a year globally – was nearly twice the total flow of official development assistance. Subsequently, international development agencies have repeatedly highlighted the significance of migrant remittances as a key source of capital and investment for developing countries (e.g. the UNDP’s Human Development Report 2009 [UNDP 2009]). Recent figures put the volume of international remittance transfers to developing countries at USD 300 billion in 2010 – an increase of about 270 per cent in the past decade (Guha 2011a: 2). In addition to household-level remittances, diaspora philanthropy is recognised as an important category of migrant transfers (Geithner et al. 2004; Merz et al. 2007).3 In India, the discussion on migration and development has focussed mainly on two issues – ‘brain drain’ (Khadria 1999) and the macroeconomic impact of remittances (Nayyar 1994) – but in this chapter, we show that the effects of migration and remittances to India are much more varied and complex than these discussions suggest. The current interest in migration and development has produced a large amount of literature detailing the types, volumes, channels, destinations, impact of remittances and other kinds of resource transfers. Most of these studies aim to determine whether and how resources sent by migrants to their home countries contribute (or not) to ‘development’. However, this work suffers from several theoretical and methodological problems. First, due to paucity of data, it is practically impossible to adequately assess the ‘impact’ of migration on development either by measuring the net losses and gains of migration (Maimbo and Ratha 2005) or by modelling the macroeconomic effects of remittances (Guha 2011b). The inadequacy of official data is compounded by the large proportion of remittances that flow through informal channels (Pieke et al. 2007). Further, most studies remain straitjacketed by conventional notions of both migration and development and simplistic models of their interconnections (De Haas 2010).4 Second, migration research often views mobility as a one-way process that mechanically connects ‘sending’ and ‘receiving’ countries (Raghuram 2009), while studies of remittances also concentrate on unidirectional flows of resources. Moreover, remittance research is often carried out in isolation from migration studies, as if these two kinds of flows (of people and resources) were not interlinked processes. Third, the migration and development literature often constructs migrants primarily as economic actors, focusing narrowly on financial transactions to the neglect of other dimensions, such as ‘social remittances’ (Levitt 1998), that is, intangible flows of knowledge, ideas, ideologies, cultural products and organisational practices (Levitt and Rajaram 2012, 2013). Similarly, much more attention has been paid to the economic impacts of remittances than to the potential socio-cultural, ideological and political reverberations of diasporic connections with the homeland (Mohan 2008). The dominant view of migration and remittances as economic processes with primarily economic outcomes fails to take into account the cultural meanings, political motivations or social implications of resource transfers. Fourth, there is the problem of scale. Despite a growing recognition that transnational networks connect migrants with their home regions or towns at various scales, the development literature has focussed mainly on the relationship between nationally defined diasporas and their home countries, and on the macroeconomic impacts of remittances – an approach that has been criticised as ‘methodological nationalism’ (Wimmer and Glick Schiller 2002). On the other hand, we have a number of micro-level qualitative or ethnographic studies that examine how remittance flows connect particular villages or communities with migrant members (Carling 2014). While this literature provides a useful corrective to the national scale bias, many of these studies ignore the larger political-economic context that shapes patterns of migration and remittances. Few scholars have neither attempted to capture at once the multiple scales of transnational mobilities and flows or the interconnections between different types of flows, nor has much attention been given to the intermediate scale of the region. In short, to fully unravel the intricacies of the multiple potential connections between ‘migration’ and ‘development’, we need to track transnational flows in all their complexity. Before discussing how this might be done, in the following section we provide a brief account of what we currently know about flows of migrant resources to India.

Published
2017

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