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Date Presented 4/7/2016 This poster will explain the results of a quasi-experimental study using a one-way, repeated-measures within-subjects design on the effects that intrathecal baclofen therapy, which assists with spasticity management, has on several components of leisure participation among children with cerebral palsy. Primary Author and Speaker: Kayla Larsen Contributing Authors: Ruth Benedict, Brittany Travers

The National Center for Health Statistics developed and conducted (2000-2002) the National Survey of Children with Special Health Care Needs (CSHCN), a module of the State and Local Area Integrated Telephone Survey (SLAITS).The purpose of this paper is to present the Wisconsin-specific data derived from analysis of the national survey and to make a comparison with the United States as a whole.In Wisconsin, approximately one fifth (21%) of households have CSHCN, and 13.4% of children have a special health care need; US comparison data are 20% and 12.8%, respectively. When examined by type of special need, Wisconsin shows slightly higher proportions of CSHCN in all categories, when compared with U.S. data, with the exception of limitation in activity. Families in Wisconsin with CSHCN are more likely to report being involved with medical decision making and satisfied with services they receive (67%); having a medical home (57%); having adequate insurance; easy use of community-based service systems (81%); and receiving services to make transition to adult life (7.5%).Though Wisconsin has a slightly higher proportion of CSHCN than the United States as a whole, a greater proportion of Wisconsin families receive important services. These measurements allow us to strive for further improvement through coordination of services in the private health care delivery sector with public health programs.

Gail Groth, University of Wisconsin Madison, Dorothy Farrar Edwards, Elizabeth D. Cox, Ruth Benedict, United States of America Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a distressing condition for individuals, families, and communities. While nearly 50 clinical trials are conducted annually on CTS research, this research will not improve the lives of individuals with CTS if it is not used. Unfortunately, insufficient research utilization is a widespread problem. A pressing need exists to ensure hand therapists use CTS research findings. Purpose: To better predict and explain research utilization among certified hand therapists (CHTs) in order to enhance the lives of individuals with CTS. Methods: Using a cross-sectional design, a mail survey was distributed to a random sample of 600 American CHTs. The main study variables were research use, intention, attitudes, subjective norms, self-efficacy, workload and autonomy. Structural equation modeling estimated the effects of study variables on CTS treatment decisions. Competing models were tested to optimize fit. Results: Three hundred and eight CHTs responded to the survey (55%). A competing model, the Integrated Model of Research Use in Clinical Practice (IMRUCP) was superior to the Theory of Planned Behavior (Dx2 5 0.77, Ddf5 4, p5 .94) and explained a large proportion of variance in research use (R2 5 0.57). As anticipated, intention (b 5 .65) and self-efficacy (b 5 .22) significantly predicted research use (p , .00). Perceived usefulness (b 5 .54) and subjective norms (b 5 .17) significantly predicted intention (p , .00). Autonomy (b5 .35) significantly predicted self-efficacy (p , .00). Contrary to hypotheses, self-efficacy (b5 .35) did not significantly predict intentions (p 5.30) and workload (b 5 .04) did not significantly predict research use (p 5 .44). Furthermore, subjective norms (b 5 .67) directly predicted perceived usefulness (p , .00) andworkload (b5 .19) positively predicted perceived usefulness (p 5 .02). Conclusions: Research utilization in clinical practice is a complex yet predictable phenomenon. Research utilization was most strongly predicted by intention followed by selfefficacy, subjective norms, perceived usefulness, autonomy and workload. The IMRUCP provides a validated model of research utilization applicable for researchers, policy-makers and practitioners. Clinical Relevance: Individuals with CTS should be able to count on receiving rehabilitation services that meets their needs and is based on the best scientific evidence available. However, many individuals with CTS do not receive these services. As a CHT your use of research findings for clinical decisions is facilitated by your own cognitions, the expectations of your colleagues and by characteristics of your job. Likewise, these same factors can hinder your use of research findings. The IMRUCP helps organize important predictors of research use to illuminate a path for change.

O'odham Creation and Related Events, As Told to Ruth Benedict in 1927 in Prose, Oratory, and Song by the Pimas William Blackwater, Thomas Vanyiko, Clara Ahiel, William Stevens, Oliver Wellington, and Kisio. Edited by Donald Bahr, Foreword by Barbara Babcock. (Tucson: University of Arizona Press, 2001. Pp. xxvii + 227, foreword, acknowledgments, introduction, bibliography, index. $45.00 cloth) The desert landscape of southern Arizona is home to the Akimel and Tohono O'odham, also known as the Pimas and the Papagos, both well-studied by anthropologists, linguists and ethnomusicologists. O'odham Creation and Related Events (OCRE) is a very significant addition to work on the O'odham, for it is a previously unpublished body of oral literature collected in Sacaton, Arizona in 1927, primarily from narrators William Blackwater and Thomas Vanyiko, by Ruth Benedict. OCRE began as a collaboration between Donald Bahr and John Bierhost, but the latter, who found the papers, had to leave the project. The completed edition, a collection of songs, stories, and ritual speeches relating to the O'odham creation stories, is probably the most complete of the published O'odham mythologies (Russell 1908, Saxton and Saxton 1973, and Bahr et al. 1994). Especially noteworthy is that the stories are usually accompanied by information about the source. At times, the contributions of the two principal narrators, Blackwater and Vanyiko, are presented in OCRE in a "duet" (or "duel") type format. In this and other ways, Bahr has given a structure and a context to Benedict's manuscript. The book's organization into five chapters is Bahr's, as are the chapter titles, the chapter introductions, and the supplementary notes and textual comments-these are mostly about mistakes in O'odham words and names, but they also include ethnobotanical material (using Rea 1997 as a resource), and they make significant comparisons with previously published collections. Bahr's own knowledge of O'odham oral literature-a life's work-is a valuable and essential component of OCRE. Of the book's five sections-1) The Rafter Hauled: The Long Telling of Ancient Times; 2) Pieces Left Out; 3) Pieces Afterward, on War; 4) Coyote Tales; 5) Oratory-the first two are devoted to stories set in the Edenic time before "normal" marriage and procreation. The stories in "The Rafter Hauled" relate how creation proceeded from nothingness to the Pimas before the Apache wars, and the stories begin with Earth Doctor (and later, with Elder Brother): "In the beginning there was darkness. Darkness spun round upon itself and from it was born Earth Doctor. He went west, south, east, north, up, and down, looking everywhere, but there was nothing" (5). Stories in the second section, "Pieces Left Out," speak of ancient times in which Earth Doctor and Elder Brother play minor roles or none at all, and include versions (here told by Blackwater) of the rafter stories. Section two also presents, with an editor's synopsis, "The Feud," an important story that does not exist in any other record of O'odham storytelling but which, as Bahr notes, bears a similarity to the Popol Vuh, not in its mythic elements but in such elements as the ball-play, the self-immolation, and the brothers and their transformations: "'I will make myself into a lizard and fasten myself to this stick of wood. When you get home, throw it on the ash pile.' They knew he was wise, and they took the wood in and threw it on the ash pile [or outdoor fire]. …

Publikacijoje nagrinėjamas antropologijos statusas, tikslai ir padėtis šiuolaikinių kultūrų tyrinėjimų kontekste. Antropologija apibrėžiama kaip mokslas apie žmones kaip visuomenines būtybes. Joje dvi galimos socialinės schemos nepriešpriešinamos viena kitai kaip geresnės. Aptariami baltųjų žmonių kultūros pasaulinės difuzijos kultūriniai ir psichologiniai padariniai. Nagrinėjamos pirmykščio žmogaus mąstymo ir vertybių nuostatos, požiūris į svetimumą. Nagrinėjami rasizmo kultūriniai pagrindai, biologiškai perduodamo elgesio ir kultūrinių procesų vaidmuo tradicijos perdavimui. Teigiama, kad kultūros formų pažinimas yra būtinas socialiniam mąstymui. Primityvių papročių panaudojimas pirmykščių struktūrų kilmei tirti yra spekuliatyvus. Kritikuojamas romantinis utopizmas etnografiniuose tyrinėjimuose. Rūpestingas primityvių visuomenių studijavimas svarbus tuo, kad gauti duomenys leidžia tirti kultūros formas ir procesus. Jie padeda atskirti tai, kas yra specifiška lokaliniams kultūriniams tipams, nuo to, kas yra bendra visai žmonijai, taip pat padeda įvertinti ir suprasti milžinišką kultūros sąlygoto elgesio vaidmenį.

No educational policies can of themselves make a stable society out of our unstable one. In our changing culture it is necessary to base our teachings upon fundamental commitments of our culture if we are to avoid teaching many things the child will have to unlearn later. Transmission of our democratic heritage is most threatened at the point of transition from childish dependency to adult independence.

Resume L'anormalite, en tant qu'elle se rapporte aux organisations variantes de la personnalite, est definie au point de vue de la culture. Elle a bien entendu ses determinants organiques, mais les symptomes et le fonctionnement social des anormaux sont relatives a la culture. La plupart de ces organisations de la personnalite lesquelles nous semblent anormales ont ete employees par de diverses civilisations dans les fondements de leur vie prescrite, et les individus qui representent ces types fonctionnent en tels cas avec aise et avec honneur dans la societe. Contrairement les traits estimes de nos individus normaux ont ete consideres anormaux par des societes differemment organisees, et en tels cas les personnes qui possedent ces traits ne sont pas soutenues par la societe et ne fonctionnent pas d'une facon satisfaisante. On peut appuyer sur deux aspects de la relativite de la normalite. (1) Il faut distinguer soigneusement les caracterisations des anormaux au point de vue de la symptomologie et du fonc...

(1938). Continuities and Discontinuities in Cultural Conditioning. Psychiatry: Vol. 1, No. 2, pp. 161-167.