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Metadon merupakan jenis narkotika sintetik yang digunakan sebagai terapi substitusi pada Program Terapi Rumatan Metadon (PTRM). Oleh sebab itu, metadon harus diperlakukan sebagaimana narkotika pada umumnya. Tenaga kefarmasian dalam PTRM mempunyai tanggung jawab terhadap pengelolaan metadon. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kesesuaian pengelolaan sediaan metadon di satelit pelayanan PTRM di provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY) berdasarkan pedoman PTRM yang dikeluarkan oleh kemenkes yang meliputi permintaan, penyimpanan, dispensing, dan pelaporan penggunaan metadon. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian mixed-methods (kualitatif dan kuantitatif) dengan pengambilan data secara prospektif. Instrumen pengukuran kuantitatif dalam penelitian berupa tabel checklist keseuaian pengelolaan metadon berdasarkan pedoman yang berlaku. Data kualitatif bersumber dari hasil wawancara dengan petugas PTRM. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa permintaan, penyimpanan, dan pelaporan penggunaan metadon sudah sesuai dengan pedoman pelayanan PTRM. Namun untuk dispensing metadon di satelit pelayanan PTRM masih ada yang dilakukan oleh selain tenaga kefarmasian.

BACKGROUND: Natural disasters led to environmental destruction, casualties, and fatality. Disasters have been associated with post-traumatic disorders among affected community, thus, it is important to understand capability and resilience level post-disasters. AIM: This study aims to determine the degree of environmental change and the capacity of adaptation associate to the levels of community resilience among earthquake victims in Lombok, Indonesia. METHODS: A number of 129 respondents were recruited using clustered random sampling design. Data were collected using the adaptation capacity framework and the resilience brief scale questionnaire by face-to-face interviews. Significant level was set as p = 0.05 with 95% confidence interval. A Chi-square statistical test and logistic regression were used to test hypothesis. RESULTS: A number of 129 respondents included in the study. Bivariate analysis indicated a significant correlation between environmental changed, adaptation capacity, and community resilience. Environmental changed was predictor that statistically significant predicted community resilience (ß = 2.425, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The level of environmental destruction was significantly predicted the level of community resilience.

This research investigates the design, fabrication, and testing of single-cell and module supercapacitors. The supercapacitor consists of carbon nanocomposites, which contain activated carbon (AC), multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT), and graphene (GR). The coin and pouch cell type supercapacitors were manufactured with AC: MWCNT: GR composite electrodes in a ratio of 70:20:10 weight percent. Meanwhile, the electrochemical characterization showed that the highest capacitance values for single coin and pouch cells were 32.13 F g-1 and 5.3 F g-1, respectively, in 6 M KOH electrolyte at a scan rate of 2 mV s-1. Furthermore, the power and energy densities for the coin-cell supercapacitor were 69 W kg-1 and 6.6 Wh kg-1, respectively, while for the pouch cell, it was 7.4 W kg-1 and 1.0 Wh kg-1, respectively. The coin-cell supercapacitor durability test was carried out for 1000 cycles, yielding the retention capacitance and coulombic efficiency values of 94-97% and 100%, respectively. These results showed that the performance of the supercapacitor is close to commercial products.

The third mission of a university is a community service. Based on this mission, this paper presents the activity of community service. The activity was training for senior high school students and teachers. The subjects of the training are actuators, IoT, and IP address. These components or subsystems are very important basic industrial instrumentation for further automation. These subsystems are very correlated with each other. Some actuators are electric, hydraulic, and pneumatic types. There are many applications of IoT and IP addresses, such as smart grids and communications.

To find out the location of an aircraft accident from an ELT signal beam of 121.5 MHz, search and rescue (SAR) officers or civil aviation authorities need an ELT signal receiver device that works at the same frequency, which is 121.5 MHz. The purpose of this research is to produce an ELT signal receiver with direct receiver method at a frequency of 121.5 MHz which is simpler, requires fewer RF devices, and is according to specifications for civil aviation. In this research, the design and realization of ELT signal receivers are carried out using the direct receiver method, including: a BPF and a RF amplifier as a direct receiver circuit, an AM demodulator, and an audio amplifier. Based on the results of measurements and tests that have been done, the direct receiver circuit can receive an ELT signal at a frequency of 121.5 MHz in the range of 121.330 to 121.617 MHz with -40.35 dB sensitivity, the AM demodulator can demodulate the audio signal at a frequency of 346.6 Hz, and the audio signal at a frequency of 337.6 Hz as a pointer to an ELT signal can be heard through the loudspeaker. The results of this study are ELT signal receivers with direct receiver method at a frequency of 121.5 MHz which are according to specifications for civil aviation.

Pada saat terjadi kecelakaan pesawat terbang di suatu tempat, dapat diketahui posisi atau lokasinya dengan menggunakan suatu alat yang diletakkan pada badan pesawat terbang tersebut, yaitu e mergency l ocator t ransmitter (ELT). Pada ELT terdapat komponen osilator sebagai pembangkit sinyal pada frekuensi 121,5 MHz, dengan spesifikasi militer yang tidak tersedia di pasar bebas. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan perancangan dan realisasi v oltage c ontrolled o scillator (VCO) menggunakan MC1648 sebagai osilator pada frekuensi 121,5 MHz, serta implementasinya pada pembangkit sinyal ELT. Hasil pengukuran menunjukkan VCO sebagai osilator dapat membangkitkan sinyal keluaran berupa gelombang sinusoida dengan tegangan antara 11,60 s.d. 41,5 mV pp dan rentang frekuensi 90,88 s.d. 126,75 MHz, dimana frekuensi = 121,5 MHz dapat dibangkitkan pada tegangan DC masukan = 4,25 V DC . Rangkaian VCO sebagai osilator 121,5 MHz hasil penelitian ini, dapat diimplementasikan pada pembangkit sinyal ELT hasil penelitian sebelumnya, sehingga dapat dibangkitkan sinyal ELT pada frekuensi 121,5 MHz, berupa gelombang AM dengan indeks modulasi = 24,05%.

An ELT is a beacon indicating the location of distress or crash of aircraft on land or sea. The ELT is placed in an airplane, which is a transmitter with low transmit power and an antenna. The ELT transmitter has been widely used for flights at the frequency of 121.5 MHz (civilian) and 243 MHz (military). The purpose of this study is to produce ELT signal generators at the 121.5 MHz frequency, with low-cost devices that meet specifications for civil aviation. In this research has been produced a design of an ELT signal generator at the frequency of 121.5 MHz, consist of a crystal oscillator, a sawtooth generator, a VCO, and an amplitude modulator. Based on the measurement and test results, the sawtooth generator generated a sawtooth signal at the frequency of 1.8 to 3.6 Hz, the VCO generated a sinusoidal signal at the frequency of 316 to 366 Hz, the RF generator generated a sinusoidal at the frequency of 121.505 MHz. The ELT signal generator was able to generate AM signals at the minimum amplitude deviation of 100 mVpp to maximum one of 156 mVpp, the modulation index (m) of 21.875%, and the frequency of 121.505 MHz. The results of this study are ELT signal generators at the frequencies of 121.5 MHz that are in accordance with specifications for civil aviation.

Teknologi akustik saat ini banyak digunakan untuk keperluan sarana navigasi, komunikasi, dan pendeteksian. Sinyal akustik dapat dideteksi dan dihasilkan oleh perangkat transducer electroacoustic. Perangkat untuk mengubah energi akustik menjadi energi listrik disebut hydrophones atau received transducer, dan untuk mengubah energi elektrik menjadi energi akustik disebut proyektor atau transmit transducer. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan perancangan dan realisasi transmitter (Tx) sinyal akustik pada very low frequency (VLF) band untuk bawah air, terdiri dari pulse signal generator, power amplifier, dan transmit transducer. Berdasarkan hasil pengukuran dan pengujian transmitter (Tx): Tx mampu membangkitkan sinyal suara (gelombang akustik) pada rentang frekuensi 12.67 s.d 33.68 kHz; tanpa pelindung anti air mampu memancarkan gelombang akustik (suara) pada rentang frekuensi 13.16 s.d 21.38 kHz, dengan pelindung anti air mampu memancarkan gelombang akustik (suara) pada rentang frekuensi 12.69 s.d 20.75 kHz, dan mampu memancarkan gelombang akustik (suara) di dalam air pada rentang frekuensi 13.10 s.d 18.91 kHz.

Dalam suatu sistem komunikasi penggunaan rangkaian filter sangat penting. Salah satu cara untuk memudahkan dalam perancangan sebuah filter dilakukanlah teknik simulasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang simulasi yang menghasilkan respon filter jenis chebyshev serta menghasilkan nilai komponen induktor (L) dan kapasitor (C) yang dibutuhkan untuk merangkai filter. Simulasi yang dirancang pada penelitian ini menggunakan Graphical User Interface (GUI). Dari simulasi yang dilakukan, didapatkan respon Chebyshev pada low pass filter, high pass filter, band pass filter, dan band stop filter sudah sesuai dengan input yang dimasukkan ke dalam parameter program dan sesuai dengan teori respon filter Chebyshev. Hasil Simulasi dari rangkaian band pass filter dan band stop filter dengan menggunakan Electronic Workbench (EWB), menunjukkan respon dengan pergeseran frekuensi sebesar 0,1 kHz lebih tinggi dari frekuensi yang diharapkan. Kata Kunci :filter, Chebyshev, band, respon frekuensi. Abstract On communication system using filter is very important. One way to simplify the design of filter undertaken a simulation technique. This research aims to design a simulation that generates the filter response of chebyshev and generate the value component of the inductor (L) and capacitor (C) that needed for constructing the filter. This Simulation using Graphical User Interface (GUI). From result simulation, response in low pass filter, high pass filter, band pass filter, band stop filter and is in compliance with the input entered into the program and in accordance with the theory of Chebyshev filter response. The simulation of the band pass filter and bands stop filter by using electronic workbench ( EWB ), show a response with shifts frequency of 0.1 khz higher than frequency expected. Keywords: filter, Chebyshev, band, frequency respons

Pingers transmitter berfungsi untuk memancarkan sinyal atau getaran pulsa akustik pada black box. Frekuensi sinyal yang dipancarkan sebesar 37,5 kHz yang dimodulasikan oleh pulsa dengan durasi 10 ms setiap interval 1 second. Modulasi yang digunakan adalah modulasi on off keying. Dalam penelitian ini dibuat perancangan pingers transmitter yang tersusun atas rangkaian osilator, timer, inverter, switch dan rangkaian amplifier. Frekuensi 37,5 kHz tersebut dibangkitkan oleh rangkaian osilator colpitts, sedangkan lebar pulsa dengan durasi 10 ms dan pengulangan pulsa setiap interval 1 second dibangkitkan oleh rangkaian timer. Berdasarkan perancangan yang telah dibuat, output sinyal yang dihasilkan oleh prototipe pingers transmitter tersebut sebesar 37,69 kHz dengan lebar pulsa 9,8 ms setiap interval 1 second. Kata kunci: Black box, pingers transmitter, on off keying. ABSTRACT Pingers transmitter is used to emits a signal or pulse of acoustic vibrations in black box. The frequency of the transmitted signal is 37.5 kHz which is modulated by pulses with a duration of 10 ms every interval 1 second. The modulation that used this research is on off keying modulation. In this research, made the design of pingers transmitter which arrange of the oscillator circuit,timer, inverter, switch, and amplifier circuit. The 37.5 kHz frequency is generated by the colpitts oscillator circuit, while the pulse width with a duration of 10 ms,and each pulse repetition interval of 1 second generated by timer circuit. Based on the design that have made, signal output from the pingers transmitter prototype is 37.69 kHz, with the pulse width 9.8 ms every 1 second interval. Keywords: Black box, pingers transmitter, on off keying.

Background: The incidence of damaged medicine and expired medicine always occurred in every mechanism of medicine management. The write-off procedure of damaged medicine and expired medicine as a regional owned goods was not established specially yet. The amount of damaged and expired medicine value, the burden of their management technically, the write-off process considered from administrative aspects as a inventory, considering that there was no legal formal aspect become particular problem for the Health Office of Yogyakarta Municipality. Objectives: The objective of the study was to give administrative and legal base for procedure to write-off of damaged and expired medicine as regional owned goods in the Health Office of Yogyakarta Municipality. Methods: This was observational study by case study design with descriptive analytic approach. Results: The damaged and expired medicine that was stocked in Public Health Center was sent back to UPT Farmakes to be write-off and destroyed. The write off and destroying of damaged and expired medicine have been completed for 2009, 2010 and 2011 in 2012 by Health Office of Yogyakarta Municipality. The write off of damaged and expired medicine should be appropriate to the regulation on the prevailed regulation on the write off of regional owned goods, though that regulation was not specified for medicine. Conclusion: The write-off of damaged and expired medicine referred to Regulation by Ministry of Internal Affairs Number. 17 of 2007 on Technical Guidelines on the management of Regional Owned Goods and Mayor Regulation of Yogyakarta Municipality, Number. 54 in 2011 on Guidelines on the Management of Reserve Goods in the governance of Yogyakarta Municipality. However, the necessary and administration efforts to ease the process of write-off of damaged and expired medicine.ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Kejadian obat rusak dan kadaluwarsa selalu ada di setiap mekanisme pengelolaan obat. Prosedur penghapusan obat rusak dan obat kadaluwarsa sebagai barang milik daerah belum ditetapkan secara khusus. Besarnya nilai obat rusak dan kadaluwarsa dan beban pengelolaannya secara teknis, proses penghapusan ditinjau dari aspek administrasi sebagai persediaan, belum adanya aspek legal formal menjadi permasalahan tersendiri bagi Dinas Kesehatan Kota Yogyakarta. Tujuan: Tujuan penelitian ini untuk memberikan dasar administrasi dan legal untuk prosedur penghapusan obat rusak dan obat kadaluwarsa sebagai barang milik daerah di Dinas Kesehatan Kota Yogyakarta. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian observasional dengan desain penelitian studi kasus yang bersifat deskriptif analitik. Pengumpulan data kuantitatif berupa nilai obat rusak dan kadaluwarsa. Data kualitatif diperoleh dengan cara inventarisasi data prosedur administrasi dan aspek legal penghapusan obat rusak dan kadaluwarsa serta wawancara mendalam. Hasil: Obat rusak dan kadaluwarsa yang ada di Puskesmas dikembalikan ke UPT Farmakes untuk dilakukan penghapusan dan pemusnahan bersama. Telah dilaksanakan pemusnahan dan penghapusan obat rusak dan kadaluwarsa tahun 2009, 2010, 2011 pada tahun 2012 oleh Dinas Kesehatan Kota Yogyakarta. Penghapusan obat rusak dan kadaluwarsa harus sesuai ketentuan penghapusan barang milik daerah yang berlaku, meskipun ketentuan itu belum dikhususkan untuk obat. Kesimpulan: Penghapusan obat rusak dan kadaluwarsa di Dinas Kesehatan Kota Yogyakarta mengacu kepada Permendagri No. 17 Tahun 2007 tentang Petunjuk Teknis Pengelolaan Barang Milik Daerah dan Perwali Kota Yogyakarta No. 54 Tahun 2011 tentang Pedoman Pengelolaan Barang Persediaan di Lingkungan Pemerintah Kota Yogyakarta. Namun demikian diperlukan terobosan / upaya administrasi untuk memudahkan proses penghapusan obat rusak dan kadaluwarsa.

Health is rights of every human. In Indonesia, poor people had difficulty to access health services. Therefore government creates a program called “Jamkesmas” which based on DRGs (Diagnosis Related Groups) to improve quality of health services. Physicians should prescribe medicines according to the diagnosis and Jamkesmas formulary. The compliance between prescription with Standard Treatment Guidelines (STGs) and Jamkesmas formulary is a must. The aim of this research was to know the prescriptions compliance to STGs and Jamkesmas formulary. This research was observational study using prescriptions of Jamkesmas’s outpatients . Furthermore, qualitative data with in-depth interviews was used to further analysis. Quantitative data were calculated by using drug use indicators for the percentage of prescriptions compliance. The percentage of prescriptions compliance with STGs in each of 10 diseases in once of hospital in Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (Hospital X), started from 24.3% in CHF to 82% in DM diseases, whereas prescriptions compliance with Jamkesmas Formulary was started from 49% in vertigo to 96% in hypertension diseases. Average number of drugs per prescription was 2.7 and the most of drugs (85.7%) were prescribed by its generic names; 23.3% of prescriptions contained antibiotic and 22.0% contained of injectable drug. Percentage of drugs prescribed from essential medicines list was 76.7%. The prescriptions of 10 diseases were not fully compliance to Standard Treatment Guidelines and Jamkesmas formulary. Â

Penyalahgunaan narkoba masih menjadi permasalahan kesehatan yang mendesak di Indonesia. Ceramah menjadi salah satu metode yang paling banyak digunakan untuk memberikan informasi, termasuk bahaya narkoba. CBIA (Cara Belajar Insan Aktif)-Narkoba merupakan metode pendidikan alternatif yang melibatkan diskusi kelompok kecil. Penelitian ini bertujuan menilai efektivitas CBIA-Narkoba dibandingkan dengan metode ceramah dalam peningkatan pengetahuan remaja untuk menolak narkoba. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah eksperimental semu dengan rancangan pre test-post test control group design. Partisipan yang terlibat sebanyak 30 responden untuk kelompok CBIA- narkoba, 30 responden untuk kelompok intervensi dan 30 responden untuk kelompok kontrol. Analisis statistika mutivariat (kruskall wallis) digunakan untuk mengetahui efektivitas antara metode CBIA-Narkoba dengan ceramah. Uji beda post test 1 menunjukkan adanya kebermaknaan antar metode (p< 0,05). Artinya CBIA-Narkoba lebih efektif dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan untuk menolak narkoba dibandingkan metode ceramah.

Sinyal pinger dengan frekuensi 37.5 kHz dipancarkan oleh “ Beacon black box locator acoustic 37.5 kHz” yang terdapat pada black box , dapat dideteksi menggunakan sensor berupa hydrophone, yang dilengkapi dengan rangkaian filter yang berfungsi untuk memilah sinyal 37.5 kHz dari sinyal-sinyal lain yang tidak diinginkan. Makalah ini membahas tentang desain band pass filter yang sesuai untuk memilah sinyal pinger yang bekerja pada daerah frekuensi 35.5 kHz sampai dengan 39.5 kHz dengan menggunakan metode Kaiser window . Hasil desain filter yang diperoleh secara respons frekuensi bentuknya sudah sesuai dengan yang direncanakan yaitu respons frekuensi band pass filter digital. Band pass filter digital dengan metode Kaiser window yang dipilih adalah untuk β =3 dan panjang N =24.

Dalam pencarian suatu obyek di bawah air dibutuhkan metode khusus yang digunakan dengan suara (gelombang akustik), dikarenakan suara dapat merambat dalam jarak jauh pada air. Frekuensi yang dapat diterima oleh SONAR bergantung pada alat penerima yang mengubah suara menjadi sinyal elektrik agar dapat mendeteksi frekuensi, alat penerima ini dinamakan hydrophone. Dalam penelitian ini dibuat perancangan prototipe hydrophone, yang tersusun dari transducer (akustik-elektrik) dan penguat. Berdasarkan perancangan yang telah dibuat prototipe hydrophone mampu menerima (menangkap) gelombang akustik pada range frekuensi 100 Hz – 60 kHz, dengan menggunakan transducer berupa condenser microphone yang diselimuti oleh bahan karet tipis. Prototipe hydrophone tanpa pelindung anti air , dengan pelindung anti air, dan di dalam air dapat menerima (menangkap) gelombang akustik. Kata Kunci: SONAR, hydrophone, transducer ABSTRACT In finding an object beneath the water there has to be a specific method used sound (accoustic wave) in keeping with it can apread in long distance in the depth of water. The frequency which can be detected by sonar system, counts on the receiver which converts sound to electric signal so that the frequency can be detected and it is called hydrophone. In this research, there is hydrophone prototype which piled up by tranducer and amplifier. Based on the trial, hydrophone prototype can detect accoustic wave in range 100 Hz-60 kHz with the condensor microphone as a transducer covered of thin rubber material. Besides, hydrophone prototype with or without water resistor is still capable to detect acoustic wave. Keywords: SONAR, hydrophone, transducer

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