132 results on '"Russinova E"'
Search Results
2. Brassinosteroids regulate the thylakoid membrane architecture and the photosystem II function
- Author
-
Krumova, S., Zhiponova, M., Dankov, K., Velikova, V., Balashev, K., Andreeva, T., Russinova, E., and Taneva, S.
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Early changes in gene expression during direct somatic embryogenesis in alfalfa revealed by RAP-PCR
- Author
-
Fowler, M.R., Ong, L.M., Russinova, E., Atanassov, A.I., Scott, N.W., Slater, A., and Elliott, M.C.
- Published
- 1998
4. Arabidopsis thaliana Somatic Embryogenesis Receptor Kinase 1 protein is present in sporophytic and gametophytic cells and undergoes endocytosis
- Author
-
Kwaaitaal, M. A. C. J., de Vries, S. C., and Russinova, E.
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Regulatory mechanisms of brassinosteroid signaling in plants
- Author
-
Codreanu, M.-C., primary and Russinova, E., additional
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Rapid transformation and regeneration of alfalfa (Medicago falcata L.) via direct somatic embryogenesis
- Author
-
Shao, C-Y., Russinova, E., Iantcheva, A., Atanassov, A., McCormac, A., Chen, D-F., Elliott, M.C., and Slater, A.
- Published
- 2000
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. The structure of the N-terminal domain of human clathrin heavy chain 1 (nTD) in complex with ES9
- Author
-
Dejonghe, W., primary, Sharma, I., additional, Denoo, B., additional, Munck, S.D., additional, Bulut, H., additional, Mylle, E., additional, Vasileva, M., additional, Lu, Q., additional, Savatin, D.V., additional, Mishev, K., additional, Nerinckx, W., additional, Staes, A., additional, Drozdzecki, A., additional, Audenaert, D., additional, Madder, A., additional, Friml, J., additional, Damme, D.V., additional, Gevaert, K., additional, Haucke, V., additional, Savvides, S., additional, Winne, J., additional, and Russinova, E., additional
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Design, synthesis and biological activities of new brassinosteroid analogues with a phenyl group in the side chain
- Author
-
Kvasnica, M., primary, Oklestkova, J., additional, Bazgier, V., additional, Rárová, L., additional, Korinkova, P., additional, Mikulík, J., additional, Budesinsky, M., additional, Béres, T., additional, Berka, K., additional, Lu, Q., additional, Russinova, E., additional, and Strnad, M., additional
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. SERK1 links somatic embryogenesis to brassinosteroid signalling
- Author
-
de Vries, Sacco, Russinova, E., Kwaaitaal, M.A.C.J., de Vries, Sacco, Russinova, E., and Kwaaitaal, M.A.C.J.
- Abstract
Somatic embryogenesis, the phenomenon where a somatic cell supplied with the right cues can re-initiate embryogenesis, reveals the underlying totipotent character of plant cells. The acquisition of this totipotent state coincides with the expression of the Somatic Embryogenesis Receptor Kinase (SERK). Beyond the observation that SERK1 marks competent cells and increases embryogenic competence when overexpressed, the actual signaling cascade that SERK1 is involved in during the acquisition of embryogenic competence is unknown. The major goal of this study is to get a better insight into the function of SERK1 in somatic embryogenesis and in plant development.In Chapter 1 an introduction to plant stem cell niches, somatic embryogenesis and recent knowledge about the molecular basis of somatic embryogenesis and SERK1 signalling is provided.In Chapter 2, the localization of the SERK1 - Yellow Fluorescent Protein (YFP) fusion protein is described, which coincides with the gene expression pattern as described by Hecht et al (2001). The protein is present in the male and female gametophyte, during sporo- and gametogenesis, in developing embryos and in roots. As observed in protoplasts, also in plants the protein localizes to the plasma membrane.Application of the inhibitor of vesicle trafficking Brefeldin-A revealed that the protein undergoes endocytosis in planta , which is similar to what is seen in protoplasts.In Chapter 3, the application of the single molecule technique fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) on plants expressing the SERK-eYFP protein is described.The diffusion coefficients of SERK1-eYFP and of the membrane marker eYFP-CAAX were determined with FCS. In addition, the mobile fractions of SERK1-eYFP and BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE 1 (BRI1)-eGFP or BRI1-eYFP were determined in planta and in protoplasts with fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP).The FRAP measurements show that in contrast to protoplasts, in plants the major part of the SERK1
- Published
- 2007
10. Arabidopsis thaliana Somatic Embryogenesis Receptor Kinase 1 protein is present in sporophytic and gametophytic cells and undergoes endocytosis
- Author
-
Kwaaitaal, Mark Adrianus Cornelis J, de Vries, S C, Russinova, E, Kwaaitaal, Mark Adrianus Cornelis J, de Vries, S C, and Russinova, E
- Abstract
Arabidopsis thaliana plants expressing AtSERK1 fused to yellow-fluorescent protein were generated. Fluorescence was detected predominantly at the cell periphery, most likely the plasma membrane, of cells in ovules, embryo sacs, anthers, and embryos and in seedlings. The AtSERK1 protein was detected in diverse cell types including the epidermis and the vascular bundles. In some cells, fluorescent receptors were seen in small vesicle-like compartments. After application of the fungal toxin Brefeldin A, the fluorescent receptors were rapidly internalized in the root meristem and root vascular tissue. We conclude that the AtSERK1 receptor functions in a common signalling pathway employed in both sporophytic and gametophytic cells.
- Published
- 2005
11. Short communication. Early changes in gene expression during direct somatic embryogenesis in alfalfa revealed by RAP-PCR.
- Author
-
Fowler, MR, Fowler, M.R., Ong, LM, Ong, L.M., Russinova, E, Russinova, E., Atanassov, AI, Atanassov, A.I., Scott, NW, Scott, N.W., Slater, A, Slater, A., Elliott, MC, and Elliott, M.C.
- Subjects
SOMATIC embryogenesis ,ALFALFA ,PLANT embryology - Abstract
Studies early changes in gene expression during direct somatic embryogenesis in alfalfa leaf explants. Early plant development accessible to experimental manipulation provided by somatic embryogenesis; Alternative approaches to the identification of regulatory genes; Influence of wounding in the presence of 2,4-D to somatic embryo formation.
- Published
- 1998
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. The brassinosteroid receptor gene BRI1 safeguards cell-autonomous brassinosteroid signaling across tissues.
- Author
-
Blanco-Touriñán N, Rana S, Nolan TM, Li K, Vukašinović N, Hsu CW, Russinova E, and Hardtke CS
- Subjects
- Promoter Regions, Genetic, Plants, Genetically Modified, Plant Roots metabolism, Plant Roots growth & development, Mutation, Organ Specificity genetics, Brassinosteroids metabolism, Arabidopsis Proteins metabolism, Arabidopsis Proteins genetics, Signal Transduction, Arabidopsis metabolism, Arabidopsis genetics, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Protein Kinases metabolism, Protein Kinases genetics
- Abstract
Brassinosteroid signaling is essential for plant growth as exemplified by the dwarf phenotype of loss-of-function mutants in BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE 1 ( BRI1 ), a ubiquitously expressed Arabidopsis brassinosteroid receptor gene. Complementation of brassinosteroid-blind receptor mutants by BRI1 expression with various tissue-specific promoters implied that local brassinosteroid signaling may instruct growth non-cell autonomously. Here, we performed such rescues with a panel of receptor variants and promoters, in combination with tissue-specific transgene knockouts. Our experiments demonstrate that brassinosteroid receptor expression in several tissues is necessary but not sufficient for rescue. Moreover, complementation with tissue-specific promoters requires the genuine BRI1 gene body sequence, which confers ubiquitous expression of trace receptor amounts that are sufficient to promote brassinosteroid-dependent root growth. Our data, therefore, argue for a largely cell-autonomous action of brassinosteroid receptors.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Synthesis, Biological Activity, and Molecular-Docking Studies of New Brassinosteroid Analogs.
- Author
-
Nuñez M, Wang Y, Russinova E, Estévez-Braun A, Amesty A, Olea AF, Mellado M, Díaz K, and Espinoza Catalán L
- Subjects
- Structure-Activity Relationship, Molecular Dynamics Simulation, Plant Roots chemistry, Plant Roots growth & development, Oryza growth & development, Hypocotyl growth & development, Hypocotyl drug effects, Hypocotyl chemistry, Plant Growth Regulators chemical synthesis, Plant Growth Regulators chemistry, Plant Growth Regulators pharmacology, Molecular Structure, Brassinosteroids chemistry, Brassinosteroids chemical synthesis, Arabidopsis drug effects, Arabidopsis growth & development, Molecular Docking Simulation
- Abstract
Much work has been dedicated to the quest to determine the structure-activity relationship in synthetic brassinosteroid (BR) analogs. Recently, it has been reported that analogs with phenyl or benzoate groups in the alkyl chain present activities comparable to those shown by natural BRs, depending on the nature of the substituent in the aromatic ring. However, as it is well known that the activity depends on the structure of the whole molecule, in this work, we have synthesized a series of compounds with the same substituted benzoate in the alkyl chain and a hydroxyl group at C3. The main goal was to compare the activities with analogs with -OH at C2 and C3. Additionally, a molecular-docking study and molecular dynamics simulations were performed to establish a correlation between the experimental and theoretical results. The synthesis of eight new BR analogs was described. All the analogs were fully characterized by spectroscopical methods. The bioactivity of these analogs was assessed using the rice lamina inclination test (RLIT) and the inhibition of the root and hypocotyl elongation of Arabidopsis thaliana . The results of the RLIT indicate that at the lowest tested concentration (1 × 10
-8 M), in the BR analogs in which the aromatic ring was substituted at the para position with methoxy, the I and CN substituents were more active than brassinolide (50-72%) and 2-3 times more active than those analogs in which the substituent group was F, Cl or Br atoms. However, at the highest concentrations, brassinolide was the most active compound, and the structure-activity relationship changed. On the other hand, the results of the A. thaliana root sensitivity assay show that brassinolide and the analogs with I and CN as substituents on the benzoyl group were the most active compounds. These results are in line with those obtained via the RLIT. A comparison of these results with those obtained for similar analogs that had a hydroxyl group at C2 indicates the importance of considering the whole structure. The molecular-docking results indicate that all the analogs adopted a brassinolide-like orientation, while the stabilizing effect of the benzoate group on the interactions with the receptor complex provided energy binding values ranging between -10.17 and -13.17 kcal mol-1 , where the analog with a nitrile group was the compound that achieved better contact with the amino acids present in the active site.- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Fluorescence Fluctuation Analysis of Arabidopsis thaliana Somatic Embryogenesis Receptor-Like Kinase and Brassinosteroid Insensitive 1 Receptor Oligomerization.
- Author
-
Hink MA, Shah K, Russinova E, de Vries SC, and Visser AJWG
- Subjects
- Fluorescence, Protein Multimerization, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases metabolism, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases genetics, Arabidopsis metabolism, Arabidopsis Proteins metabolism, Arabidopsis Proteins genetics, Arabidopsis Proteins chemistry, Protein Kinases metabolism
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Guidelines for naming and studying plasma membrane domains in plants.
- Author
-
Jaillais Y, Bayer E, Bergmann DC, Botella MA, Boutté Y, Bozkurt TO, Caillaud MC, Germain V, Grossmann G, Heilmann I, Hemsley PA, Kirchhelle C, Martinière A, Miao Y, Mongrand S, Müller S, Noack LC, Oda Y, Ott T, Pan X, Pleskot R, Potocky M, Robert S, Rodriguez CS, Simon-Plas F, Russinova E, Van Damme D, Van Norman JM, Weijers D, Yalovsky S, Yang Z, Zelazny E, and Gronnier J
- Subjects
- Plants, Membrane Microdomains metabolism, Cell Membrane metabolism, Terminology as Topic
- Abstract
Biological membranes play a crucial role in actively hosting, modulating and coordinating a wide range of molecular events essential for cellular function. Membranes are organized into diverse domains giving rise to dynamic molecular patchworks. However, the very definition of membrane domains has been the subject of continuous debate. For example, in the plant field, membrane domains are often referred to as nanodomains, nanoclusters, microdomains, lipid rafts, membrane rafts, signalling platforms, foci or liquid-ordered membranes without any clear rationale. In the context of plant-microbe interactions, microdomains have sometimes been used to refer to the large area at the plant-microbe interface. Some of these terms have partially overlapping meanings at best, but they are often used interchangeably in the literature. This situation generates much confusion and limits conceptual progress. There is thus an urgent need for us as a scientific community to resolve these semantic and conceptual controversies by defining an unambiguous nomenclature of membrane domains. In this Review, experts in the field get together to provide explicit definitions of plasma membrane domains in plant systems and experimental guidelines for their study. We propose that plasma membrane domains should not be considered on the basis of their size alone but rather according to the biological system being considered, such as the local membrane environment or the entire cell., (© 2024. Springer Nature Limited.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. The antagonistic role of an E3 ligase pair in regulating plant NLR-mediated autoimmunity and fungal pathogen resistance.
- Author
-
Liu J, Yang Y, Ortiz-Morea FA, Zhou Y, Liu D, Huang Y, Zheng J, Chen Y, Kong L, Liu Z, Ge D, Yong M, Lin W, Russinova E, Shan L, and He P
- Subjects
- NLR Proteins metabolism, NLR Proteins genetics, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Ubiquitination, Carrier Proteins, Arabidopsis immunology, Arabidopsis microbiology, Arabidopsis genetics, Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases metabolism, Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases genetics, Arabidopsis Proteins metabolism, Arabidopsis Proteins genetics, Plant Diseases microbiology, Plant Diseases immunology, Disease Resistance, Autoimmunity, Fusarium immunology, Plant Immunity
- Abstract
Plant immune homeostasis is achieved through a balanced immune activation and suppression, enabling effective defense while averting autoimmunity. In Arabidopsis, disrupting a mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase cascade triggers nucleotide-binding leucine-rich-repeat (NLR) SUPPRESSOR OF mkk1/2 2 (SUMM2)-mediated autoimmunity. Through an RNAi screen, we identify PUB5, a putative plant U-box E3 ligase, as a critical regulator of SUMM2-mediated autoimmunity. In contrast to typical E3 ligases, PUB5 stabilizes CRCK3, a calmodulin-binding receptor-like cytoplasmic kinase involved in SUMM2 activation. A closely related E3 ligase, PUB44, functions oppositely with PUB5 to degrade CRCK3 through monoubiquitylation and internalization. Furthermore, CRCK3, highly expressed in roots and conserved across plant species, confers resistance to Fusarium oxysporum, a devastating soil-borne fungal pathogen, in both Arabidopsis and cotton. These findings demonstrate the antagonistic role of an E3 ligase pair in fine-tuning kinase proteostasis for the regulation of NLR-mediated autoimmunity and highlight the function of autoimmune activators in governing plant root immunity against fungal pathogens., Competing Interests: Declaration of interests The authors declare no competing interests., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Author Correction: Local brassinosteroid biosynthesis enables optimal root growth.
- Author
-
Vukašinović N, Wang Y, Vanhoutte I, Fendrych M, Guo B, Kvasnica M, Jiroutová P, Oklestkova J, Strnad M, and Russinova E
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Shaping brassinosteroid signaling through scaffold proteins.
- Author
-
Guo B, Kim EJ, Zhu Y, Wang K, and Russinova E
- Abstract
Cellular responses to internal and external stimuli are orchestrated by intricate intracellular signaling pathways. To ensure an efficient and specific information flow, cells employ scaffold proteins as critical signaling organizers. With the ability to bind multiple signaling molecules, scaffold proteins can sequester signaling components within specific subcellular domains or modulate the efficiency of signal transduction. Scaffolds can also tune the output of signaling pathways by serving as regulatory targets. This review focuses on scaffold proteins associated with the plant GLYCOGEN SYNTHASE KINASE3-like kinase, BRASSINOSTEROID-INSENSITIVE2 (BIN2) that serve as a key negative regulator of brassinosteroid (BR) signaling. Here we summarize the current understanding of how scaffold proteins actively shape BR signaling outputs and crosstalk in plant cells via interactions with BIN2., (© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Japanese Society of Plant Physiologists. All rights reserved. For commercial re-use, please contact reprints@oup.com for reprints and translation rights for reprints. All other permissions can be obtained through our RightsLink service via the Permissions link on the article page on our site–for further information please contact journals.permissions@oup.com.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Structure and function of the Arabidopsis ABC transporter ABCB19 in brassinosteroid export.
- Author
-
Ying W, Wang Y, Wei H, Luo Y, Ma Q, Zhu H, Janssens H, Vukašinović N, Kvasnica M, Winne JM, Gao Y, Tan S, Friml J, Liu X, Russinova E, and Sun L
- Subjects
- Adenosine Triphosphate metabolism, Indoleacetic Acids metabolism, Protein Conformation, Arabidopsis genetics, Arabidopsis metabolism, Arabidopsis Proteins chemistry, Arabidopsis Proteins genetics, Arabidopsis Proteins metabolism, ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters chemistry, ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters genetics, ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters metabolism, Brassinosteroids metabolism
- Abstract
Brassinosteroids are steroidal phytohormones that regulate plant development and physiology, including adaptation to environmental stresses. Brassinosteroids are synthesized in the cell interior but bind receptors at the cell surface, necessitating a yet to be identified export mechanism. Here, we show that a member of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter superfamily, ABCB19, functions as a brassinosteroid exporter. We present its structure in both the substrate-unbound and the brassinosteroid-bound states. Bioactive brassinosteroids are potent activators of ABCB19 ATP hydrolysis activity, and transport assays showed that ABCB19 transports brassinosteroids. In Arabidopsis thaliana , ABCB19 and its close homolog, ABCB1, positively regulate brassinosteroid responses. Our results uncover an elusive export mechanism for bioactive brassinosteroids that is tightly coordinated with brassinosteroid signaling.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Plasmodesmata mediate cell-to-cell transport of brassinosteroid hormones.
- Author
-
Wang Y, Perez-Sancho J, Platre MP, Callebaut B, Smokvarska M, Ferrer K, Luo Y, Nolan TM, Sato T, Busch W, Benfey PN, Kvasnica M, Winne JM, Bayer EM, Vukašinović N, and Russinova E
- Subjects
- Plasmodesmata metabolism, Plant Growth Regulators, Plants metabolism, Hormones, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Brassinosteroids, Arabidopsis Proteins metabolism
- Abstract
Brassinosteroids (BRs) are steroidal phytohormones that are essential for plant growth, development and adaptation to environmental stresses. BRs act in a dose-dependent manner and do not travel over long distances; hence, BR homeostasis maintenance is critical for their function. Biosynthesis of bioactive BRs relies on the cell-to-cell movement of hormone precursors. However, the mechanism of the short-distance BR transport is unknown, and its contribution to the control of endogenous BR levels remains unexplored. Here we demonstrate that plasmodesmata (PD) mediate the passage of BRs between neighboring cells. Intracellular BR content, in turn, is capable of modulating PD permeability to optimize its own mobility, thereby manipulating BR biosynthesis and signaling. Our work uncovers a thus far unknown mode of steroid transport in eukaryotes and exposes an additional layer of BR homeostasis regulation in plants., (© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature America, Inc.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. SEC14-like condensate phase transitions at plasma membranes regulate root growth in Arabidopsis.
- Author
-
Liu C, Mentzelopoulou A, Papagavriil F, Ramachandran P, Perraki A, Claus L, Barg S, Dörmann P, Jaillais Y, Johnen P, Russinova E, Gizeli E, Schaaf G, and Moschou PN
- Abstract
Protein function can be modulated by phase transitions in their material properties, which can range from liquid- to solid-like; yet, the mechanisms that drive these transitions and whether they are important for physiology are still unknown. In the model plant Arabidopsis, we show that developmental robustness is reinforced by phase transitions of the plasma membrane-bound lipid-binding protein SEC14-like. Using imaging, genetics, and in vitro reconstitution experiments, we show that SEC14-like undergoes liquid-like phase separation in the root stem cells. Outside the stem cell niche, SEC14-like associates with the caspase-like protease separase and conserved microtubule motors at unique polar plasma membrane interfaces. In these interfaces, SEC14-like undergoes processing by separase, which promotes its liquid-to-solid transition. This transition is important for root development, as lines expressing an uncleavable SEC14-like variant or mutants of separase and associated microtubule motors show similar developmental phenotypes. Furthermore, the processed and solidified but not the liquid form of SEC14-like interacts with and regulates the polarity of the auxin efflux carrier PINFORMED2. This work demonstrates that robust development can involve liquid-to-solid transitions mediated by proteolysis at unique plasma membrane interfaces., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Copyright: © 2023 Liu et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Cell type-specific attenuation of brassinosteroid signaling precedes stomatal asymmetric cell division.
- Author
-
Kim EJ, Zhang C, Guo B, Eekhout T, Houbaert A, Wendrich JR, Vandamme N, Tiwari M, Simon-Vezo C, Vanhoutte I, Saeys Y, Wang K, Zhu Y, De Rybel B, and Russinova E
- Subjects
- Brassinosteroids, Asymmetric Cell Division, Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3, Signal Transduction, Cell Differentiation, Protein Kinases genetics, Arabidopsis genetics, Arabidopsis Proteins genetics
- Abstract
In Arabidopsis thaliana, brassinosteroid (BR) signaling and stomatal development are connected through the SHAGGY/GSK3-like kinase BR INSENSITIVE2 (BIN2). BIN2 is a key negative regulator of BR signaling but it plays a dual role in stomatal development. BIN2 promotes or restricts stomatal asymmetric cell division (ACD) depending on its subcellular localization, which is regulated by the stomatal lineage-specific scaffold protein POLAR. BRs inactivate BIN2, but how they govern stomatal development remains unclear. Mapping the single-cell transcriptome of stomatal lineages after triggering BR signaling with either exogenous BRs or the specific BIN2 inhibitor, bikinin, revealed that the two modes of BR signaling activation generate spatiotemporally distinct transcriptional responses. We established that BIN2 is always sensitive to the inhibitor but, when in a complex with POLAR and its closest homolog POLAR-LIKE1, it becomes protected from BR-mediated inactivation. Subsequently, BR signaling in ACD precursors is attenuated, while it remains active in epidermal cells devoid of scaffolds and undergoing differentiation. Our study demonstrates how scaffold proteins contribute to cellular signal specificity of hormonal responses in plants.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Phosphorylation of ADAPTOR PROTEIN-2 μ-adaptin by ADAPTOR-ASSOCIATED KINASE1 regulates the tropic growth of Arabidopsis roots.
- Author
-
Siao W, Wang P, Zhao X, Vu LD, De Smet I, and Russinova E
- Subjects
- Animals, Humans, Adaptor Protein Complex 2 genetics, Adaptor Protein Complex 2 metabolism, Clathrin metabolism, Endocytosis genetics, Phosphorylation, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases genetics, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases metabolism, Adaptor Protein Complex mu Subunits metabolism, Arabidopsis genetics, Arabidopsis growth & development, Plant Roots genetics, Plant Roots growth & development, Phosphotransferases genetics, Phosphotransferases metabolism, Arabidopsis Proteins genetics, Arabidopsis Proteins metabolism
- Abstract
ADAPTOR-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN KINASE1 (AAK1) is a known regulator of clathrin-mediated endocytosis in mammals. Human AAK1 phosphorylates the μ2 subunit of the ADAPTOR PROTEIN-2 (AP-2) complex (AP2M) and plays important roles in cell differentiation and development. Previous interactome studies discovered the association of AAK1 with AP-2 in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), but its function was unclear. Here, genetic analysis revealed that the Arabidopsis aak1 and ap2m mutants both displayed altered root tropic growth, including impaired touch- and gravity-sensing responses. In Arabidopsis, AAK1-phosphorylated AP2M on Thr-163, and expression of the phospho-null version of AP2M in the ap2m mutant led to an aak1-like phenotype, whereas the phospho-mimic forms of AP2M rescued the aak1 mutant. In addition, we found that the AAK1-dependent phosphorylation state of AP2M modulates the frequency distribution of endocytosis. Our data indicate that the phosphorylation of AP2M on Thr-163 by AAK1 fine-tunes endocytosis in the Arabidopsis root to control its tropic growth., Competing Interests: Conflict of interest statement. None declared., (© American Society of Plant Biologists 2023. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE1 internalization can occur independent of ligand binding.
- Author
-
Neubus Claus LA, Liu D, Hohmann U, Vukašinović N, Pleskot R, Liu J, Schiffner A, Jaillais Y, Wu G, Wolf S, Van Damme D, Hothorn M, and Russinova E
- Subjects
- Brassinosteroids metabolism, Ligands, Protein Kinases genetics, Protein Kinases metabolism, Arabidopsis genetics, Arabidopsis metabolism, Arabidopsis Proteins genetics, Arabidopsis Proteins metabolism
- Abstract
The brassinosteroid (BR) hormone and its plasma membrane (PM) receptor BR INSENSITIVE1 (BRI1) are one of the best-studied receptor-ligand pairs for understanding the interplay between receptor endocytosis and signaling in plants. BR signaling is mainly determined by the PM pool of BRI1, whereas BRI1 endocytosis ensures signal attenuation. As BRs are ubiquitously distributed in the plant, the tools available to study the BRI1 function without interference from endogenous BRs are limited. Here, we designed a BR binding-deficient Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) mutant based on protein sequence-structure analysis and homology modeling of members of the BRI1 family. This tool allowed us to re-examine the BRI1 endocytosis and signal attenuation model. We showed that despite impaired phosphorylation and ubiquitination, BR binding-deficient BRI1 internalizes similarly to the wild type form. Our data indicate that BRI1 internalization relies on different endocytic machineries. In addition, the BR binding-deficient mutant provides opportunities to study non-canonical ligand-independent BRI1 functions., Competing Interests: Conflict of interest statement. All authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest., (© American Society of Plant Biologists 2023. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Brassinosteroid gene regulatory networks at cellular resolution in the Arabidopsis root.
- Author
-
Nolan TM, Vukašinović N, Hsu CW, Zhang J, Vanhoutte I, Shahan R, Taylor IW, Greenstreet L, Heitz M, Afanassiev A, Wang P, Szekely P, Brosnan A, Yin Y, Schiebinger G, Ohler U, Russinova E, and Benfey PN
- Subjects
- Transcription Factors genetics, Transcription Factors metabolism, Homeodomain Proteins genetics, Homeodomain Proteins metabolism, Arabidopsis cytology, Arabidopsis genetics, Arabidopsis growth & development, Arabidopsis Proteins metabolism, Brassinosteroids metabolism, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Gene Regulatory Networks, Plant Growth Regulators metabolism, Plant Roots cytology, Plant Roots genetics, Plant Roots growth & development, Cell Division genetics, Cell Differentiation genetics
- Abstract
Brassinosteroids are plant steroid hormones that regulate diverse processes, such as cell division and cell elongation, through gene regulatory networks that vary in space and time. By using time series single-cell RNA sequencing to profile brassinosteroid-responsive gene expression specific to different cell types and developmental stages of the Arabidopsis root, we identified the elongating cortex as a site where brassinosteroids trigger a shift from proliferation to elongation associated with increased expression of cell wall-related genes. Our analysis revealed HOMEOBOX FROM ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA 7 ( HAT7 ) and GT-2-LIKE 1 ( GTL1 ) as brassinosteroid-responsive transcription factors that regulate cortex cell elongation. These results establish the cortex as a site of brassinosteroid-mediated growth and unveil a brassinosteroid signaling network regulating the transition from proliferation to elongation, which illuminates aspects of spatiotemporal hormone responses.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Cell-specific clock-controlled gene expression program regulates rhythmic fiber cell growth in cotton.
- Author
-
Wang D, Hu X, Ye H, Wang Y, Yang Q, Liang X, Wang Z, Zhou Y, Wen M, Yuan X, Zheng X, Ye W, Guo B, Yusuyin M, Russinova E, Zhou Y, and Wang K
- Subjects
- Gene Expression Profiling, Phenotype, Gene Expression, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Plant Proteins genetics, Plant Proteins metabolism, Gossypium, Cotton Fiber
- Abstract
Background: The epidermis of cotton ovule produces fibers, the most important natural cellulose source for the global textile industry. However, the molecular mechanism of fiber cell growth is still poorly understood., Results: Here, we develop an optimized protoplasting method, and integrate single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and single-cell ATAC sequencing (scATAC-seq) to systematically characterize the cells of the outer integument of ovules from wild type and fuzzless/lintless (fl) cotton (Gossypium hirsutum). By jointly analyzing the scRNA-seq data from wildtype and fl, we identify five cell populations including the fiber cell type and construct the development trajectory for fiber lineage cells. Interestingly, by time-course diurnal transcriptomic analysis, we demonstrate that the primary growth of fiber cells is a highly regulated circadian rhythmic process. Moreover, we identify a small peptide GhRALF1 that circadian rhythmically controls fiber growth possibly through oscillating auxin signaling and proton pump activity in the plasma membrane. Combining with scATAC-seq, we further identify two cardinal cis-regulatory elements (CREs, TCP motif, and TCP-like motif) which are bound by the trans factors GhTCP14s to modulate the circadian rhythmic metabolism of mitochondria and protein translation through regulating approximately one third of genes that are highly expressed in fiber cells., Conclusions: We uncover a fiber-specific circadian clock-controlled gene expression program in regulating fiber growth. This study unprecedentedly reveals a new route to improve fiber traits by engineering the circadian clock of fiber cells., (© 2023. The Author(s).)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Adaptor protein complex interaction map in Arabidopsis identifies P34 as a common stability regulator.
- Author
-
Wang P, Siao W, Zhao X, Arora D, Wang R, Eeckhout D, Van Leene J, Kumar R, Houbaert A, De Winne N, Mylle E, Vandorpe M, Korver RA, Testerink C, Gevaert K, Vanneste S, De Jaeger G, Van Damme D, and Russinova E
- Subjects
- trans-Golgi Network metabolism, Golgi Apparatus metabolism, Clathrin metabolism, Arabidopsis metabolism, Arabidopsis Proteins metabolism
- Abstract
Adaptor protein (AP) complexes are evolutionarily conserved vesicle transport regulators that recruit coat proteins, membrane cargoes and coated vesicle accessory proteins. As in plants endocytic and post-Golgi trafficking intersect at the trans-Golgi network, unique mechanisms for sorting cargoes of overlapping vesicular routes are anticipated. The plant AP complexes are part of the sorting machinery, but despite some functional information, their cargoes, accessory proteins and regulation remain largely unknown. Here, by means of various proteomics approaches, we generated the overall interactome of the five AP and the TPLATE complexes in Arabidopsis thaliana. The interactome converged on a number of hub proteins, including the thus far unknown adaptin binding-like protein, designated P34. P34 interacted with the clathrin-associated AP complexes, controlled their stability and, subsequently, influenced clathrin-mediated endocytosis and various post-Golgi trafficking routes. Altogether, the AP interactome network offers substantial resources for further discoveries of unknown endomembrane trafficking regulators in plant cells., (© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Cellular Thermal Shift Assay for the Detection of Small Molecule-Target Interactions in Arabidopsis Cells.
- Author
-
Lu Q and Russinova E
- Subjects
- Mass Spectrometry, Protein Stability, Arabidopsis metabolism, Proteome metabolism
- Abstract
Chemical genetics takes advantage of small molecule-protein interactions to explore various biological processes. Although an attractive alternative to classical genetics in plants, the identification of small-molecule targets remains a challenge and limits the broad use of the compounds. The cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA), based on the principle that binding of small molecules could affect the thermal stability of proteins, has been applied for target validation in plant cells. Combined with high-resolution mass spectrometry, CETSA can detect small-molecule targets by monitoring the changes in the protein thermal stability caused by the interactions with small molecules at the proteome level. Here we describe the small-molecule target validation as well as the target identification with mass spectrometry by means of CETSA., (© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Adenosine monophosphate deaminase modulates BIN2 activity through hydrogen peroxide-induced oligomerization.
- Author
-
Lu Q, Houbaert A, Ma Q, Huang J, Sterck L, Zhang C, Benjamins R, Coppens F, Van Breusegem F, and Russinova E
- Subjects
- Adenosine Monophosphate metabolism, Aminopyridines, Brassinosteroids metabolism, Brassinosteroids pharmacology, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 genetics, Hydrogen Peroxide metabolism, Hydrogen Peroxide pharmacology, Phosphorylation, Protein Kinases genetics, Protein Kinases metabolism, Reactive Oxygen Species metabolism, Succinates, Arabidopsis metabolism, Arabidopsis Proteins genetics, Arabidopsis Proteins metabolism
- Abstract
The Arabidopsis thaliana GSK3-like kinase, BRASSINOSTEROID-INSENSITIVE2 (BIN2) is a key negative regulator of brassinosteroid (BR) signaling and a hub for crosstalk with other signaling pathways. However, the mechanisms controlling BIN2 activity are not well understood. Here we performed a forward genetic screen for resistance to the plant-specific GSK3 inhibitor bikinin and discovered that a mutation in the ADENOSINE MONOPHOSPHATE DEAMINASE (AMPD)/EMBRYONIC FACTOR1 (FAC1) gene reduces the sensitivity of Arabidopsis seedlings to both bikinin and BRs. Further analyses revealed that AMPD modulates BIN2 activity by regulating its oligomerization in a hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-dependent manner. Exogenous H2O2 induced the formation of BIN2 oligomers with a decreased kinase activity and an increased sensitivity to bikinin. By contrast, AMPD activity inhibition reduced the cytosolic reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and the amount of BIN2 oligomers, correlating with the decreased sensitivity of Arabidopsis plants to bikinin and BRs. Furthermore, we showed that BIN2 phosphorylates AMPD to possibly alter its function. Our results uncover the existence of an H2O2 homeostasis-mediated regulation loop between AMPD and BIN2 that fine-tunes the BIN2 kinase activity to control plant growth and development., (© American Society of Plant Biologists 2022. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Selective chemical probes can untangle the complexity of the plant cell endomembrane system.
- Author
-
Ma Q, Chang M, Drakakaki G, and Russinova E
- Subjects
- Phenotype, Plants metabolism, Protein Transport physiology, Artificial Intelligence, Plant Cells
- Abstract
The endomembrane system is critical for plant growth and development and understanding its function and regulation is of great interest for plant biology research. Small-molecule targeting distinctive endomembrane components have proven powerful tools to dissect membrane trafficking in plant cells. However, unambiguous elucidation of the complex and dynamic trafficking processes requires chemical probes with enhanced precision. Determination of the mechanism of action of a compound, which is facilitated by various chemoproteomic approaches, opens new avenues for the improvement of its specificity. Moreover, rational molecule design and reverse chemical genetics with the aid of virtual screening and artificial intelligence will enable us to discover highly precise chemical probes more efficiently. The next decade will witness the emergence of more such accurate tools, which together with advanced live quantitative imaging techniques of subcellular phenotypes, will deepen our insights into the plant endomembrane system., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this article., (Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Tripartite hormonal regulation of plasma membrane H + -ATPase activity.
- Author
-
Miao R, Russinova E, and Rodriguez PL
- Subjects
- Abscisic Acid metabolism, Cell Membrane metabolism, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Indoleacetic Acids metabolism, Proton-Translocating ATPases genetics, Proton-Translocating ATPases metabolism, Arabidopsis metabolism, Arabidopsis Proteins metabolism
- Abstract
The enzyme activity of the plasma membrane (PM) proton pump, well known as arabidopsis PM H
+ -ATPase (AHA) in the model plant arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), is controlled by phosphorylation. Three different classes of phytohormones, brassinosteroids (BRs), abscisic acid (ABA), and auxin regulate plant growth and responses to environmental stimuli, at least in part by modulating the activity of the pump through phosphorylation of the penultimate Thr residue in its carboxyl terminus. Here, we review the current knowledge regarding this tripartite hormonal AHA regulation and highlight mechanisms of activation and deactivation, as well as the significance of hormonal crosstalk. Understanding the complexity of PM H+ -ATPase regulation in plants might provide new strategies for sustainable agriculture., Competing Interests: Declaration of interests No interests are declared., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Deubiquitinating enzymes UBP12 and UBP13 stabilize the brassinosteroid receptor BRI1.
- Author
-
Luo Y, Takagi J, Claus LAN, Zhang C, Yasuda S, Hasegawa Y, Yamaguchi J, Shan L, Russinova E, and Sato T
- Subjects
- Brassinosteroids metabolism, Deubiquitinating Enzymes metabolism, Arabidopsis genetics, Arabidopsis metabolism, Arabidopsis Proteins genetics, Arabidopsis Proteins metabolism, Endopeptidases genetics, Endopeptidases metabolism
- Abstract
Protein ubiquitination is a dynamic and reversible post-translational modification that controls diverse cellular processes in eukaryotes. Ubiquitin-dependent internalization, recycling, and degradation are important mechanisms that regulate the activity and the abundance of plasma membrane (PM)-localized proteins. In plants, although several ubiquitin ligases are implicated in these processes, no deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs), have been identified that directly remove ubiquitin from membrane proteins and limit their vacuolar degradation. Here, we discover two DUB proteins, UBP12 and UBP13, that directly target the PM-localized brassinosteroid (BR) receptor BR INSENSITIVE1 (BRI1) in Arabidopsis. BRI1 protein abundance is decreased in the ubp12i/ubp13 double mutant that displayed severe growth defects and reduced sensitivity to BRs. UBP13 directly interacts with and effectively removes K63-linked polyubiquitin chains from BRI1, thereby negatively modulating its vacuolar targeting and degradation. Our study reveals that UBP12 and UBP13 play crucial roles in governing BRI1 abundance and BR signaling activity to regulate plant growth., (© 2022 The Authors.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. LeafNet: a tool for segmenting and quantifying stomata and pavement cells.
- Author
-
Li S, Li L, Fan W, Ma S, Zhang C, Kim JC, Wang K, Russinova E, Zhu Y, and Zhou Y
- Subjects
- Phenotype, Plant Stomata, Plants, Microscopy, Plant Leaves
- Abstract
Stomata play important roles in gas and water exchange in leaves. The morphological features of stomata and pavement cells are highly plastic and are regulated during development. However, it is very laborious and time-consuming to collect accurate quantitative data from the leaf surface by manual phenotyping. Here, we introduce LeafNet, a tool that automatically localizes stomata, segments pavement cells (to prepare them for quantification), and reports multiple morphological parameters for a variety of leaf epidermal images, especially bright-field microscopy images. LeafNet employs a hierarchical strategy to identify stomata using a deep convolutional network and then segments pavement cells on stomata-masked images using a region merging method. LeafNet achieved promising performance on test images for quantifying different phenotypes of individual stomata and pavement cells compared with six currently available tools, including StomataCounter, Cellpose, PlantSeg, and PaCeQuant. LeafNet shows great flexibility, and we improved its ability to analyze bright-field images from a broad range of species as well as confocal images using transfer learning. Large-scale images of leaves can be efficiently processed in batch mode and interactively inspected with a graphic user interface or a web server (https://leafnet.whu.edu.cn/). The functionalities of LeafNet could easily be extended and will enhance the efficiency and productivity of leaf phenotyping for many plant biologists., (© American Society of Plant Biologists 2022. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Proteome-wide cellular thermal shift assay reveals unexpected cross-talk between brassinosteroid and auxin signaling.
- Author
-
Lu Q, Zhang Y, Hellner J, Giannini C, Xu X, Pauwels J, Ma Q, Dejonghe W, Han H, Van de Cotte B, Impens F, Gevaert K, De Smet I, Friml J, Molina DM, and Russinova E
- Subjects
- Aminopyridines metabolism, Arabidopsis, Arabidopsis Proteins metabolism, Phosphoproteins metabolism, Protein Binding, Protein Stability, Proteomics methods, Succinates metabolism, Brassinosteroids metabolism, Indoleacetic Acids metabolism, Proteome, Signal Transduction
- Abstract
SignificanceChemical genetics, which investigates biological processes using small molecules, is gaining interest in plant research. However, a major challenge is to uncover the mode of action of the small molecules. Here, we applied the cellular thermal shift assay coupled with mass spectrometry (CETSA MS) to intact Arabidopsis cells and showed that bikinin, the plant-specific glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) inhibitor, changed the thermal stability of some of its direct targets and putative GSK3-interacting proteins. In combination with phosphoproteomics, we also revealed that GSK3s phosphorylated the auxin carrier PIN-FORMED1 and regulated its polarity that is required for the vascular patterning in the leaf.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. ROPGAP-dependent interaction between brassinosteroid and ROP2-GTPase signaling controls pavement cell shape in Arabidopsis.
- Author
-
Zhang C, Lauster T, Tang W, Houbaert A, Zhu S, Eeckhout D, De Smet I, De Jaeger G, Jacobs TB, Xu T, Müller S, and Russinova E
- Subjects
- Brassinosteroids metabolism, Cell Shape, GTP Phosphohydrolases metabolism, Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 metabolism, Phosphorylation, Arabidopsis metabolism, Arabidopsis Proteins genetics, Arabidopsis Proteins metabolism
- Abstract
The epidermal pavement cell shape in Arabidopsis is driven by chemical and mechanical cues that direct partitioning mechanisms required for the establishment of the lobe- and indentation-defining polar sites. Brassinosteroid (BR) hormones regulate pavement cell morphogenesis, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here, we identified two PLECKSTRIN HOMOLOGY GTPase-ACTIVATING proteins (PHGAPs) as substrates of the GSK3-like kinase BR-INSENSITIVE2 (BIN2). The phgap1phgap2 mutant displayed severe epidermal cell shape phenotypes, and the PHGAPs were markedly enriched in the anticlinal face of the pavement cell indenting regions. BIN2 phosphorylation of PHGAPs was required for their stability and polarization. BIN2 inhibition activated ROP2-GTPase signaling specifically in the lobes because of PHGAP degradation, while the PHGAPs restrained ROP2 activity in the indentations. Hence, we connect BR and ROP2-GTPase signaling pathways via the regulation of PHGAPs and put forward the importance of spatiotemporal control of BR signaling for pavement cell interdigitation., Competing Interests: Declaration of interests The authors declare no competing interests., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Molecular mechanisms of endomembrane trafficking in plants.
- Author
-
Aniento F, Sánchez de Medina Hernández V, Dagdas Y, Rojas-Pierce M, and Russinova E
- Subjects
- Biological Transport, Autophagy, Endocytosis, Endoplasmic Reticulum metabolism, Golgi Apparatus metabolism, Plant Physiological Phenomena, Vacuoles metabolism
- Abstract
Endomembrane trafficking is essential for all eukaryotic cells. The best-characterized membrane trafficking organelles include the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), Golgi apparatus, early and recycling endosomes, multivesicular body, or late endosome, lysosome/vacuole, and plasma membrane. Although historically plants have given rise to cell biology, our understanding of membrane trafficking has mainly been shaped by the much more studied mammalian and yeast models. Whereas organelles and major protein families that regulate endomembrane trafficking are largely conserved across all eukaryotes, exciting variations are emerging from advances in plant cell biology research. In this review, we summarize the current state of knowledge on plant endomembrane trafficking, with a focus on four distinct trafficking pathways: ER-to-Golgi transport, endocytosis, trans-Golgi network-to-vacuole transport, and autophagy. We acknowledge the conservation and commonalities in the trafficking machinery across species, with emphasis on diversity and plant-specific features. Understanding the function of organelles and the trafficking machinery currently nonexistent in well-known model organisms will provide great opportunities to acquire new insights into the fundamental cellular process of membrane trafficking., (© American Society of Plant Biologists 2021. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Editorial: Highlights of ENPER 2019-European Network for Plant Endomembrane Research Meeting.
- Author
-
Aniento F, Isono E, Rojo E, and Russinova E
- Abstract
Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. The membrane-localized protein kinase MAP4K4/TOT3 regulates thermomorphogenesis.
- Author
-
Vu LD, Xu X, Zhu T, Pan L, van Zanten M, de Jong D, Wang Y, Vanremoortele T, Locke AM, van de Cotte B, De Winne N, Stes E, Russinova E, De Jaeger G, Van Damme D, Uauy C, Gevaert K, and De Smet I
- Subjects
- Acclimatization genetics, Acclimatization physiology, Arabidopsis genetics, Arabidopsis Proteins genetics, Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors genetics, Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors physiology, Brassinosteroids metabolism, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Phosphorylation, Phytochrome B genetics, Phytochrome B physiology, Plant Development genetics, Plant Development physiology, Plant Growth Regulators physiology, Plants, Genetically Modified, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases genetics, Signal Transduction, Temperature, Arabidopsis growth & development, Arabidopsis physiology, Arabidopsis Proteins physiology, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases physiology
- Abstract
Plants respond to mild warm temperature conditions by increased elongation growth of organs to enhance cooling capacity, in a process called thermomorphogenesis. To this date, the regulation of thermomorphogenesis has been exclusively shown to intersect with light signalling pathways. To identify regulators of thermomorphogenesis that are conserved in flowering plants, we map changes in protein phosphorylation in both dicots and monocots exposed to warm temperature. We identify MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE KINASE KINASE KINASE4 (MAP4K4)/TARGET OF TEMPERATURE3 (TOT3) as a regulator of thermomorphogenesis that impinges on brassinosteroid signalling in Arabidopsis thaliana. In addition, we show that TOT3 plays a role in thermal response in wheat, a monocot crop. Altogether, the conserved thermal regulation by TOT3 expands our knowledge of thermomorphogenesis beyond the well-studied pathways and can contribute to ensuring food security under a changing climate.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Local brassinosteroid biosynthesis enables optimal root growth.
- Author
-
Vukašinović N, Wang Y, Vanhoutte I, Fendrych M, Guo B, Kvasnica M, Jiroutová P, Oklestkova J, Strnad M, and Russinova E
- Subjects
- Arabidopsis growth & development, Arabidopsis metabolism, Arabidopsis physiology, Brassinosteroids biosynthesis, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Meristem metabolism, Metabolic Networks and Pathways, Plant Growth Regulators physiology, Plant Roots metabolism, Brassinosteroids metabolism, Plant Growth Regulators metabolism, Plant Roots growth & development
- Abstract
Brassinosteroid (BR) hormones are indispensable for root growth and control both cell division and cell elongation through the establishment of an increasing signalling gradient along the longitudinal root axis. Because of their limited mobility, the importance of BR distribution in achieving a signalling maximum is largely overlooked. Expression pattern analysis of all known BR biosynthetic enzymes revealed that not all cells in the Arabidopsis thaliana root possess full biosynthetic machinery, and that completion of biosynthesis relies on cell-to-cell movement of hormone precursors. We demonstrate that BR biosynthesis is largely restricted to the root elongation zone, where it overlaps with BR signalling maxima. Moreover, optimal root growth requires hormone concentrations to be low in the meristem and high in the root elongation zone, attributable to increased biosynthesis. Our finding that spatiotemporal regulation of hormone synthesis results in local hormone accumulation provides a paradigm for hormone-driven organ growth in the absence of long-distance hormone transport in plants.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. It takes two to tango - molecular links between plant immunity and brassinosteroid signalling.
- Author
-
Ortiz-Morea FA, He P, Shan L, and Russinova E
- Subjects
- Plant Growth Regulators, Plants genetics, Signal Transduction, Brassinosteroids, Plant Immunity genetics
- Abstract
In response to the invasion of microorganisms, plants actively balance their resources for growth and defence, thus ensuring their survival. The regulatory mechanisms underlying plant immunity and growth operate through complex networks, in which the brassinosteroid phytohormone is one of the central players. In the past decades, a growing number of studies have revealed a multi-layered crosstalk between brassinosteroid-mediated growth and plant immunity. In this Review, by means of the tango metaphor, we immerse ourselves into the intimate relationship between brassinosteroid and plant immune signalling pathways that is tailored by the lifestyle of the pathogen and modulated by other phytohormones. The plasma membrane is the unique stage where brassinosteroid and immune signals are dynamically integrated and where compartmentalization into nanodomains that host distinct protein consortia is crucial for the dance. Shared downstream signalling components and transcription factors relay the tango play to the nucleus to activate the plant defence response and other phytohormonal signalling pathways for the finale. Understanding how brassinosteroid and immune signalling pathways are integrated in plants will help develop strategies to minimize the growth-defence trade-off, a key challenge for crop improvement., Competing Interests: Competing interestsThe authors declare no competing or financial interests., (© 2020. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Endocytosis of BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE1 Is Partly Driven by a Canonical Tyr-Based Motif.
- Author
-
Liu D, Kumar R, Claus LAN, Johnson AJ, Siao W, Vanhoutte I, Wang P, Bender KW, Yperman K, Martins S, Zhao X, Vert G, Van Damme D, Friml J, and Russinova E
- Subjects
- Amino Acid Motifs, Arabidopsis genetics, Arabidopsis metabolism, Arabidopsis Proteins genetics, Cell Membrane metabolism, Green Fluorescent Proteins genetics, Mutation, Plants, Genetically Modified, Protein Domains, Protein Kinases genetics, Tyrosine chemistry, Arabidopsis Proteins chemistry, Arabidopsis Proteins metabolism, Endocytosis physiology, Protein Kinases chemistry, Protein Kinases metabolism
- Abstract
Clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) and its core endocytic machinery are evolutionarily conserved across all eukaryotes. In mammals, the heterotetrameric adaptor protein complex-2 (AP-2) sorts plasma membrane (PM) cargoes into vesicles via the recognition of motifs based on Tyr or di-Leu in their cytoplasmic tails. However, in plants, very little is known about how PM proteins are sorted for CME and whether similar motifs are required. In Arabidopsis ( Arabidopsis thaliana ), the brassinosteroid (BR) receptor BR INSENSITIVE1 (BRI1) undergoes endocytosis, which depends on clathrin and AP-2. Here, we demonstrate that BRI1 binds directly to the medium AP-2 subunit (AP2M). The cytoplasmic domain of BRI1 contains five putative canonical surface-exposed Tyr-based endocytic motifs. The Tyr-to-Phe substitution in Y
898 KAI reduced BRI1 internalization without affecting its kinase activity. Consistently, plants carrying the BRI1Y898F mutation were hypersensitive to BRs. Our study demonstrates that AP-2-dependent internalization of PM proteins via the recognition of functional Tyr motifs also operates in plants., (© 2020 American Society of Plant Biologists. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. GOLVEN peptide signalling through RGI receptors and MPK6 restricts asymmetric cell division during lateral root initiation.
- Author
-
Fernandez AI, Vangheluwe N, Xu K, Jourquin J, Claus LAN, Morales-Herrera S, Parizot B, De Gernier H, Yu Q, Drozdzecki A, Maruta T, Hoogewijs K, Vannecke W, Peterson B, Opdenacker D, Madder A, Nimchuk ZL, Russinova E, and Beeckman T
- Subjects
- Blotting, Western, Indoleacetic Acids metabolism, Plant Growth Regulators metabolism, Plant Growth Regulators physiology, Signal Transduction, Arabidopsis Proteins physiology, Cell Division, Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins physiology, Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases physiology, Peptides physiology, Plant Roots growth & development
- Abstract
During lateral root initiation, lateral root founder cells undergo asymmetric cell divisions that generate daughter cells with different sizes and fates, a prerequisite for correct primordium organogenesis. An excess of the GLV6/RGF8 peptide disrupts these initial asymmetric cell divisions, resulting in more symmetric divisions and the failure to achieve lateral root organogenesis. Here, we show that loss-of-function GLV6 and its homologue GLV10 increase asymmetric cell divisions during lateral root initiation, and we identified three members of the RGF1 INSENSITIVE/RGF1 receptor subfamily as likely GLV receptors in this process. Through a suppressor screen, we found that MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE6 is a downstream regulator of the GLV pathway. Our data indicate that GLV6 and GLV10 act as inhibitors of asymmetric cell divisions and signal through RGF1 INSENSITIVE receptors and MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE6 to restrict the number of initial asymmetric cell divisions that take place during lateral root initiation.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Ligand-induced monoubiquitination of BIK1 regulates plant immunity.
- Author
-
Ma X, Claus LAN, Leslie ME, Tao K, Wu Z, Liu J, Yu X, Li B, Zhou J, Savatin DV, Peng J, Tyler BM, Heese A, Russinova E, He P, and Shan L
- Subjects
- Arabidopsis enzymology, Endocytosis, Ligands, Pathogen-Associated Molecular Pattern Molecules immunology, Phosphorylation, Protein Kinases metabolism, Arabidopsis immunology, Arabidopsis metabolism, Arabidopsis Proteins chemistry, Arabidopsis Proteins metabolism, Plant Immunity immunology, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases chemistry, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases metabolism, Receptors, Pattern Recognition immunology, Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases chemistry, Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases metabolism, Ubiquitination
- Abstract
Recognition of microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) triggers the first line of inducible defence against invading pathogens
1-3 . Receptor-like cytoplasmic kinases (RLCKs) are convergent regulators that associate with multiple PRRs in plants4 . The mechanisms that underlie the activation of RLCKs are unclear. Here we show that when MAMPs are detected, the RLCK BOTRYTIS-INDUCED KINASE 1 (BIK1) is monoubiquitinated following phosphorylation, then released from the flagellin receptor FLAGELLIN SENSING 2 (FLS2)-BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE 1-ASSOCIATED KINASE 1 (BAK1) complex, and internalized dynamically into endocytic compartments. The Arabidopsis E3 ubiquitin ligases RING-H2 FINGER A3A (RHA3A) and RHA3B mediate the monoubiquitination of BIK1, which is essential for the subsequent release of BIK1 from the FLS2-BAK1 complex and activation of immune signalling. Ligand-induced monoubiquitination and endosomal puncta of BIK1 exhibit spatial and temporal dynamics that are distinct from those of the PRR FLS2. Our study reveals the intertwined regulation of PRR-RLCK complex activation by protein phosphorylation and ubiquitination, and shows that ligand-induced monoubiquitination contributes to the release of BIK1 family RLCKs from the PRR complex and activation of PRR signalling.- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Brassinosteroid signalling.
- Author
-
Kim EJ and Russinova E
- Subjects
- Gene Expression Regulation, Plant physiology, Brassinosteroids metabolism, Plant Growth Regulators physiology
- Abstract
In this Primer, Kim and Russinova provide an overview of brassinosteroid signalling in plants., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Update on Receptors and Signaling.
- Author
-
Cheung AY, Qu LJ, Russinova E, Zhao Y, and Zipfel C
- Subjects
- Pathogen-Associated Molecular Pattern Molecules metabolism, Peptides metabolism, Plant Immunity, Plants metabolism, Receptors, Cell Surface metabolism, Signal Transduction
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Salicylic Acid Targets Protein Phosphatase 2A to Attenuate Growth in Plants.
- Author
-
Tan S, Abas M, Verstraeten I, Glanc M, Molnár G, Hajný J, Lasák P, Petřík I, Russinova E, Petrášek J, Novák O, Pospíšil J, and Friml J
- Subjects
- Arabidopsis growth & development, Indoleacetic Acids metabolism, Plant Immunity, Plant Roots growth & development, Plant Roots metabolism, Arabidopsis physiology, Arabidopsis Proteins metabolism, Protein Phosphatase 2 metabolism, Salicylic Acid metabolism, Signal Transduction
- Abstract
Plants, like other multicellular organisms, survive through a delicate balance between growth and defense against pathogens. Salicylic acid (SA) is a major defense signal in plants, and the perception mechanism as well as downstream signaling activating the immune response are known. Here, we identify a parallel SA signaling that mediates growth attenuation. SA directly binds to A subunits of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), inhibiting activity of this complex. Among PP2A targets, the PIN2 auxin transporter is hyperphosphorylated in response to SA, leading to changed activity of this important growth regulator. Accordingly, auxin transport and auxin-mediated root development, including growth, gravitropic response, and lateral root organogenesis, are inhibited. This study reveals how SA, besides activating immunity, concomitantly attenuates growth through crosstalk with the auxin distribution network. Further analysis of this dual role of SA and characterization of additional SA-regulated PP2A targets will provide further insights into mechanisms maintaining a balance between growth and defense., Competing Interests: Declaration of Interests The authors declare no competing interests., (Copyright © 2019 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Brassinosteroids: Multidimensional Regulators of Plant Growth, Development, and Stress Responses.
- Author
-
Nolan TM, Vukašinović N, Liu D, Russinova E, and Yin Y
- Subjects
- Arabidopsis metabolism, Arabidopsis Proteins, Crops, Agricultural, DNA-Binding Proteins metabolism, Droughts, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Plant Proteins metabolism, Protein Kinases metabolism, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases, Signal Transduction physiology, Transcription Factors metabolism, Brassinosteroids metabolism, Plant Development physiology, Plant Growth Regulators metabolism, Stress, Physiological physiology
- Abstract
Brassinosteroids (BRs) are a group of polyhydroxylated plant steroid hormones that are crucial for many aspects of a plant's life. BRs were originally characterized for their function in cell elongation, but it is becoming clear that they play major roles in plant growth, development, and responses to several stresses such as extreme temperatures and drought. A BR signaling pathway from cell surface receptors to central transcription factors has been well characterized. Here, we summarize recent progress toward understanding the BR pathway, including BR perception and the molecular mechanisms of BR signaling. Next, we discuss the roles of BRs in development and stress responses. Finally, we show how knowledge of the BR pathway is being applied to manipulate the growth and stress responses of crops. These studies highlight the complex regulation of BR signaling, multiple points of crosstalk between BRs and other hormones or stress responses, and the finely tuned spatiotemporal regulation of BR signaling., (© 2020 American Society of Plant Biologists. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Understanding the language of drugged plants.
- Author
-
Halder V and Russinova E
- Subjects
- Genes, Plant, Small Molecule Libraries, Plants drug effects, Plants genetics
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Plant Growth Promotion Driven by a Novel Caulobacter Strain.
- Author
-
Luo D, Langendries S, Mendez SG, De Ryck J, Liu D, Beirinckx S, Willems A, Russinova E, Debode J, and Goormachtig S
- Subjects
- Plant Roots microbiology, Caulobacter genetics, Host-Pathogen Interactions, Zea mays growth & development, Zea mays microbiology
- Abstract
Soil microbial communities hold great potential for sustainable and ecologically compatible agriculture. Although numerous plant-beneficial bacterial strains from a wide range of taxonomic groups have been reported, very little evidence is available on the plant-beneficial role of bacteria from the genus Caulobacter . Here, the mode of action of a Caulobacter strain, designated RHG1, which had originally been identified through a microbial screen for plant growth-promoting (PGP) bacteria in maize ( Zea mays ), is investigated in Arabidopsis thaliana . RHG1 colonized both roots and shoots of Arabidopsis , promoted lateral root formation in the root, and increased leaf number and leaf size in the shoot. The genome of RHG1 was sequenced and was utilized to look for PGP factors. Our data revealed that the bacterial production of nitric oxide, auxins, cytokinins, or 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase as PGP factors could be excluded. However, the analysis of brassinosteroid mutants suggests that an unknown PGP mechanism is involved that impinges directly or indirectly on the pathway of this growth hormone.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Disruption of endocytosis through chemical inhibition of clathrin heavy chain function.
- Author
-
Dejonghe W, Sharma I, Denoo B, De Munck S, Lu Q, Mishev K, Bulut H, Mylle E, De Rycke R, Vasileva M, Savatin DV, Nerinckx W, Staes A, Drozdzecki A, Audenaert D, Yperman K, Madder A, Friml J, Van Damme D, Gevaert K, Haucke V, Savvides SN, Winne J, and Russinova E
- Subjects
- Arabidopsis, Benzene Derivatives chemistry, Clathrin Heavy Chains metabolism, Humans, Models, Molecular, Molecular Structure, Thiophenes pharmacology, Benzene Derivatives pharmacology, Clathrin Heavy Chains antagonists & inhibitors, Endocytosis drug effects
- Abstract
Clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) is a highly conserved and essential cellular process in eukaryotic cells, but its dynamic and vital nature makes it challenging to study using classical genetics tools. In contrast, although small molecules can acutely and reversibly perturb CME, the few chemical CME inhibitors that have been applied to plants are either ineffective or show undesirable side effects. Here, we identify the previously described endosidin9 (ES9) as an inhibitor of clathrin heavy chain (CHC) function in both Arabidopsis and human cells through affinity-based target isolation, in vitro binding studies and X-ray crystallography. Moreover, we present a chemically improved ES9 analog, ES9-17, which lacks the undesirable side effects of ES9 while retaining the ability to target CHC. ES9 and ES9-17 have expanded the chemical toolbox used to probe CHC function, and present chemical scaffolds for further design of more specific and potent CHC inhibitors across different systems.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.