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Against the general orientation of rural studies based on the classic urban-rural distinction, the concept of rural distanciation is developed, which aims to bring together previous concepts of (time–space) distanciation and (mental) distantiation within a framework of ‘postmodern geographies’ and based on renewed attention to the ‘power’ of remote rural places. The purpose is to generate a new approach based on the specificity of such places that offers an analytical alternative to both binary and relational visions of rural space. The concept of (new) rural distanciation is multilayered – socio-political, socio-economic and territorial – and with several scalar dimensions. It represents a radical shift in the academic and practical reinterpretation of remoter rural places, emphasising multiple strategies of resistance based on the power and hence possibilities of local communities inhabiting such places, configuring rurality in this guise as a new form of geographical and social centre. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The European Climate Law sets a legally binding target of net zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050. In this regard, in 2023 the EU Environmental Council decided that from 2035 onwards only CO2‐neutral new cars will be licensed in the European Union. Simultaneously, since the energy crisis caused by the Russian invasion of Ukraine, fuel prices increased in Germany. This has made more and more households think about purchasing an e‐car. However, not every household has the opportunity to install their own wallbox, and when travelling long distances, e‐car users are dependent on the availability of ample public charging stations. Against this background, with a special focus on rural areas, this paper considers the questions whether and where spatial inequalities in the accessibility of public charging stations might currently exist. To approach these questions, based on an empirical analysis of the 2023 official location data of public charging points in Germany, we examine the nationwide distribution, accessibility and available capacity of public charging stations in Germany at small‐scale from the point of view of the 'household' as well as those who travel by e‐car within Germany. In order to evaluate the location data of public charging stations we mainly use raster‐based accessibility analysis methods as well as isotropic kernel intensity estimates. We found that, in contrast to the common belief, the network of public charging stations is quite dense. However, taking a closer look reveals that the charging infrastructure in Germany has so far been tailored to the needs of intra‐regional travelers (commuting, shopping, leisure) rather than to those of the residential population with no access to their own wallbox (daily recharging in close proximity to one's home) or the mid‐ to long‐distance travelers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the effectiveness of an education intervention that targets low‐income farmers regarding the consequences of agricultural burning. Agricultural burning is a major contributor to carbon emissions, second only to those from the energy sector. Using three treatment arms and a control group, I provided rural farmers in Nigeria with information on the social (health impacts, wildfire spread, biodiversity loss) and economic (income implications) consequences of agricultural burning. The third group received information that combined aspects from the first and second treatments, offering a comprehensive view of the effects of agricultural burning. The analysis suggests that exposure to this information prompts farmers to view agricultural burning as unacceptable, reducing their likelihood of engaging in this practice during the upcoming planting season. In addition, exposed farmers demonstrate a higher willingness to pay nominal fees for government services, such as weed disposal. This outcome demonstrates their support for sustainable farming practices, rather than resorting to burning. The influence of economic information is particularly noteworthy; farmers exposed to it demonstrate a higher willingness to pay such fees. Furthermore, the interventions led to a shift in farmers' perceptions regarding the primary drivers of climate change, with increased recognition of human activity as the dominant factor. The study highlights how the gender of the farmer and their religious beliefs influence attitudes towards environmental protection. Specifically, male and less religious farmers tend to be more responsive to the interventions. These findings provide valuable insights into the effectiveness of "low‐cost" educational interventions in promoting sustainable agricultural practices among low‐income communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The analysis of the impact of Community Based Tourism (CBT) has revealed a significant divergence in assessments. This paper aims to analyse the factors contributing to the observed "Duality Dilemma" in CBT projects. The research seeks to leave behind a simplistic binary perspective that categorises CBT solely as either beneficial or problematic. The paper identifies three key variables contributing to this dual perspective: a) the Context Variable, which displays how the outcomes of CBT projects m can vary based on the specific circumstances in which they are implemented; b) the Methodological Variable, which underlines the importance of developing long-term and longitudinal fieldwork to avoid a biased analysis based on the short-term observations; c) the Paradigm Variable which takes into account that the researcher's theoretical framework inevitably shapes their focus, potentially emphasising certain outcomes over others. Finally, the paper draws on empirical evidence based on a 30-year longitudinal ethnographic study conducted on Amantaní island (Lake Titicaca, Peruvian Andes).

Copyright of Tourism & Management Studies is the property of Escola Superior de Gestao, Hotelaria e Turismo, Universidade do Algarve and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Justice is a term increasingly used in rural studies and agri-food systems research. In this article, we examine how rural studies can gain by more directly integrating food justice and its focus on transformative intervention. First, we identify existing gaps in discussions about social justice in relation to rurality in the United States. Second, we analyze prominent food justice literature and its main conceptualizations, characteristics, and gaps in relation to rurality. Drawing on existing gaps and opportunities in rural studies and food justice, we discuss why and how critical analyses of race/white supremacy, intersectionality, and engaged scholarship can strengthen the study of injustices in rural settings. In prioritizing these aspects, rural scholars might adopt powerful lenses for interrogating the ongoing hegemonies of rural communities while also facilitating greater engagement in social justice within and outside our disciplines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The problem of optimising the location of crops/plots in protected areas, national parks, farmland or forests involves trying to reconcile their proper functioning with nature conservation, the preservation of unique ecosystems or sustainable development. Such areas are crucial for the preservation of biodiversity and wildlife. This paper examines and discusses the impact of land consolidation in rural areas using GIS (Geographic Information System) tools. It performs a series of network analyses to determine the real distances (following the road network) and linear distances (rectilinear distances) between habitats and farmland. A tool was also developed to automate this process. The results obtained were visualised using map compositions, tables and graphs. The implemented project had a significant beneficial effect on the change in the land structure in the analysed village. The number of registered plots decreased by 40% (from 1,189 to 711) due to the consolidation process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Celebrations of local volunteering as a way to cope with cutbacks are frequent. Not least are such celebrations apparent within the media, where descriptions of local initiatives are sometimes seen as the solutions to downward spiralling trends in Swedish rural areas. The paper explores the media production of meaning around rural resilience as they covered initiatives where rural populations mobilised to ‘save’ threatened local service for their supposed public interest. Using the concepts of ‘patchy resilience’ and ‘cruel optimism’, the paper points at how the representations attach rural areas and identities to a stereotypical rural imagery while also representing a resilience ideal that risks glorifying neoliberal responsibilisation.

Celebrations of local volunteering as a way to cope with cutbacks are frequent, not least within the media, where local initiatives are sometimes described as the solutions to downward spiralling trends in Swedish rural areas. This paper explores the production of meaning around rural resilience as the media covers initiatives in which rural populations have mobilised to 'save' threatened local services. Using the concepts of 'patchy resilience' and 'cruel optimism', the paper highlights how the news media attach rural areas and identities to a stereotypical rural imagery while also representing a resilience ideal that risks glorifying neoliberal responsibilisation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cuadernos de Investigación Geográfica is the property of Universidad de la Rioja, Servicio de Publicaciones and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

ABSTRACTThe Alpine settlement system is of key relevance for sustainable development in the mountain region. However, maps on the European scale indicate almost no cities in the Alps but only a few small towns. We argue that a differentiated mapping approach should involve medium and small settlements in mountain regions, as they have a high functional importance for the surrounding area. We present an analytical mapping of the Alpine settlement system based on demographic and accessibility arguments and reflect on two research questions: How to put Alpine towns on the map of spatial development without taking a metropolitan bias? To what extent does this approach help to overcome the ‘size problem’ of the Alpine settlement system? Our ‘new’ map covers the rural area and ‘sees’ small towns, shows the relevance of efficient spatial organisation along valley axes and illustrates the cross-border dimension of towns in spatial proximity to national borders.

Decolonial-focused journalisms allows Ecuadorian indigenous women to exercise their right to revolution by deconstructing ideological paradigms through their freedom of the press. Previous research has predominantly concentrated on examining the aspects of poverty, inequality, and marginalized experiences within the realm of political communication. In contrast, this research takes a qualitative methodology, employing biographical narratives infused with insights from disciplines such as legal anthropology, feminist epistemology, decolonial studies and situated knowledge. The study delves into the exploration of three crucial variables through open interviews: (a) Precondition of journalistic practice, including the right to education, language, and access to technologies; (b) Perceived violence and inequalities based on gender, ethnicity, and journalism; (c) The relationship between the resistance exhibited by the interviewees and the configuration of the journalistic work. Consequently, this legitimate act of civil disobedience empowers indigenous women to establish their brand of justice, while their unique forms of journalisms contribute to the construction of their historical truth. This truth serves as a contrasting, denying, or even complementary narrative to the traditional truth. The use of the term 'journalisms' in the plural form highlights the fact that different indigenous groups employ diverse grammatical structures and methodologies that diverge from the conventions of the singular hegemonic press. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of the research paper is to uncover the main trends in transformations of methodological approaches in the study of the agrarian history of Ukraine during the 1990s - 2020s and to clarify their content. The scientific novelty is in obtaining new knowledge about the essence of the main trends of methodological transformations and agrarian historians' usage of such modern methodological paradigms: the peasantry 'as a natural phenomenon', the peasantry as an 'imaginary community', reverse-compensatory theory, ruralism, agrarianism. Conclusions. During the 1990s - 2020s, radical methodological transformations occurred in the methodology of studying the agrarian history of Ukraine. They were caused by qualitative socio-political and socio-economic changes of the late 1980s - early 1990s. There was a retreat of Ukrainian historians from the methodological monism of Marxist-Leninist ideology, access to previously classified historical sources stored in archival funds became free, and a dialogue between historians representing different schools and trends became possible. Methodological transformations were not linear. We tentatively distinguish two stages. The first is the late 1980s - 1990s - 'methodological shock' and 'methodological uncertainty'. The second is the 2020s - 'methodological renaissance'. The methodological transformations of the 1990s - 2020s demonstrate that the latest Ukrainian scientific, historical, and methodological thought presents different approaches to the understanding of the peasantry, peasant culture/peasant civilization, and the peasant world. In particular, it is comprehended as a 'natural phenomenon', as an 'imaginary community', and as a natural form of civilization, from the standpoint of ruralism and agrarianism, etc. Accordingly, in defining the main subject of the agrarian history of Ukraine, we identify the pluralism of methodological approaches. This testifies to the retreat of Ukrainian agrarian historians from methodological isolation, and their integration into the European and world historical and agrarian scientific discourse. Funding. The study was prepared based on the results of fundamental research 'The Socio-cultural Space of Ukraine in the Second Half of the Nineteenth - First Third of the Twentieth Century: the Peasant-centric Dimension' (state registration number: 0123U101600) with the support of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractThis study aims to analyze the extent to which government incentives and village accountability contribute to village development in Indonesia. The achievement of the Village Development Index (VDI) consists of three dimensions: social resilience, economic resilience, and environmental resilience. These indicators align with the goals of achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The research was conducted using village data from Central Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. The data were obtained from 303 villages and sourced from the Central Sulawesi Statistics Agency. The results of the study show that village accountability and government incentives through the village fund have a positive effect on VDI. This finding is consistent with the differences in VDI measurements using both VDI scores and status. After exploring the dimensions based on VDI, this study also found that accountability had an impact on social resilience and economic resilience, while government incentives contributed to social resilience and environmental resilience. However, village assistance does not appear to have made a significant contribution to village development, and it has also been found that village development in Indonesia has not been evenly distributed in terms of topography. This research provides new insights about the relationship between government incentives, village accountability, and the achievement of SDGs in the rural context. It proposes the formation of accountable villages as one of the strategies and indicators for achieving SDGs in the rural areas of Indonesia.

This study aims to analyze the extent to which government incentives and village accountability contribute to village development in Indonesia. The achievement of the Village Development Index (VDI) consists of three dimensions: social resilience, economic resilience, and environmental resilience. These indicators align with the goals of achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The research was conducted using village data from Central Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. The data were obtained from 303 villages and sourced from the Central Sulawesi Statistics Agency. The results of the study show that village accountability and government incentives through the village fund have a positive effect on VDI. This finding is consistent with the differences in VDI measurements using both VDI scores and status. After exploring the dimensions based on VDI, this study also found that accountability had an impact on social resilience and economic resilience, while government incentives contributed to social resilience and environmental resilience. However, village assistance does not appear to have made a significant contribution to village development, and it has also been found that village development in Indonesia has not been evenly distributed in terms of topography. This research provides new insights about the relationship between government incentives, village accountability, and the achievement of SDGs in the rural context. It proposes the formation of accountable villages as one of the strategies and indicators for achieving SDGs in the rural areas of Indonesia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

【Objective/Meaning】Rural study trip is a new mode and effective way to promote the integrated development of agriculture, culture and tourism and drive the coordinated development of regional economy and society under the background of national implementation of Rural Revitalization Strategy.【Methods/Procedures】This paper conducted a preliminary investigation and analysis of the favorable conditions for the development of rural study in Fujian Province, then summarized the current situation and trends of the development of educational farms in Taiwan and the main practices of developing educational farms, and then proposed supporting countermeasures for promoting the development of rural study in Fujian at present.【Results/Conclusions】It is believed that under the new situation in the new era, Fujian should conduct practical exploration in terms of further integrating resources, digging deeper into local historical and cultural connotations, scientifically developing rural special study products, and strengthening market supervision. In particular, we should study and learn from the main practices and experiences of developing educational farms in Taiwan, rely on the rich study resources and local characteristics of rural Fujian, and work together to create rural study tours with Fujian characteristics from strengthening the construction of study bases, forming professional study teams, developing diversified rural study products, improving study curriculum systems, preparing digital rural study platforms, and encouraging rural study school-enterprise cooperation. Fujian Province should work together to create a rural study brand with Fujian characteristics, promote the sustainable and healthy development of rural study trip, and drive the overall revitalization of the countryside. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study, based on the analysis of the existing bibliography, as well as the result of the appreciation of a low-density and remote case studies located in the Azores Archipelago, seeks to identify a theoretical nexus regarding rural and creative tourism and regional sustainable development in the post-COVID-19 scenario. In this regard, the authors applied analytical descriptive and inductive deductive methods. Contextually, the study aims not only to understand the subject in more prominent detail but also to clarify new tendencies, approaches, and potential guidelines that allow the actors implicated to design and drive sustainable regional development in the long term. The remote and low-density territories are the most appealing destination for this new tourism dynamics. Also, the paper shows that it is possible to establish that in this ultra-peripheral territory, the tourism sector was already presuming relevance in 2019, benefiting from a large sample of entrepreneurs and actors in the tourism sector in the Portuguese Autonomous Region of the Azores. Some potential implications may include the following: (i) Increased economic benefits: Creative tourism can bring in additional revenue for local businesses and organizations and individual artists and craftspeople; (ii) Preservation of cultural heritage: Creative tourism can help to support and preserve traditional cultural practices and crafts, which can be an essential aspect of island communities’ identity; (iii) Job creation: Creative tourism can create new job opportunities for locals, such as tour guides, workshop instructors, and artists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a result of structural and demographic changes in rural areas, fewer facilities and meeting places exist in Denmark. In this article, we assess which role facilities and meeting places in rural areas might have for the self-assessed Quality of Life (QoL) of the individuals living in the rural areas. Based on 27 semi-structured qualitative interviews with persons from three different rural areas in Denmark, we show how facilities and meeting places in rural areas play a role in relation to self-assessed QoL via two different types of mechanism: 1) through providing a framework for activities and 2) through the symbolic role facilities and meeting places might have to indicate that one is part of a thriving village. We argue that it is important to acknowledge both mechanisms when assessing the role of facilities and meeting places for QoL in rural areas. The findings in this study focus on the users of the local facilities. Further qualitative research could explore which role the presence of facilities and meeting places might play for the inhabitants who do not use the local facilities and meeting places to the same extent as the interview persons in this study. • Facilities and meeting-places provide physical spaces for meeting with other inhabitants in rural areas. • Too little is known about which role facilities and meeting-places might have for self-assessed Quality of Life (QoL). • Facilities and meeting-places in rural areas influence individuals lself-assessed QoL via two types of mechanisms: 1) through providing a framework for activities and 2) through the symbolic role facilities and meeting places have to indicate that one is part of a thriving village. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Alpine settlement system is of key relevance for sustainable development in the mountain region. However, maps on the European scale indicate almost no cities in the Alps but only a few small towns. We argue that a differentiated mapping approach should involve medium and small settlements in mountain regions, as they have a high functional importance for the surrounding area. We present an analytical mapping of the Alpine settlement system based on demographic and accessibility arguments and reflect on two research questions: How to put Alpine towns on the map of spatial development without taking a metropolitan bias? To what extent does this approach help to overcome the ‘size problem’ of the Alpine settlement system? Our ‘new’ map covers the rural area and ‘sees’ small towns, shows the relevance of efficient spatial organisation along valley axes and illustrates the cross-border dimension of towns in spatial proximity to national borders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

România rurală în noul capitalism [Rural Romania under the new capitalism], edited by Iulian Stănescu and Flavius Mihalache, is a collection of studies that address the multiple transformations affecting Romania's rural areas in the three decades after the fall of communism. The "new capitalism" of contemporary Romania designates a new stage in the country's social and economic development and is set in contrast with the old capitalism of the interwar period. The volume is divided into four sections that analyse different aspects of rural life, such as demography and legal status of rural municipalities, rural economy, quality of life, and social processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines how experiences and social interactions help form the occupational identities of livestock operators in northeastern (NE) Colorado. We also explore how their agricultural identities, especially related to gender roles, have shifted in the context of social and ecological change. Little research examines identities in the context of rapidly changing North American rangeland systems. To address this gap, we used identity theory to deductively analyze 32 interview transcripts with livestock keepers to examine their occupational identities and how shifting gender roles affect these identities. We first describe the context of social-ecological change in NE Colorado. We next illustrate participants' self-concepts, outlining their multiple identities (e.g., rancher and farmer), identity standards (i.e., how a rancher "ought" to be), and identity symbols (i.e., elements with implied shared meaning). We found that, while history often presents the identities of farmers and ranchers as distinct and conflicting, participants described their roles as becoming increasingly plural (including dual farmer-rancher roles). Participants emphasized the significance of land, livestock, and way of life (i.e., culture) to their agricultural identities. While most participants discussed the increasing acceptance of women in agriculture, we also found that women have not always received public acknowledgment of their roles as farmers or ranchers. As livestock keepers are restructuring their identities in response to social and ecological change, we see opportunities to support the increased inclusion of diverse identities in agriculture. This more nuanced understanding of agricultural identities and their relationship to behavior can support researchers and practitioners in developing strategies that meet rangeland stakeholders' shifting needs. This study contributes to and offers new research directions for rural studies and the study of decision-making in agriculture. • We examine livestock keepers' occupational identities and how gender affects access to and experiences of these identities. • Livestock keepers are restructuring their identities in response to social and environmental change. • Women participants shared the struggle of living in a "man's world" in agriculture. • Sharing conservation efforts' benefits to livestock and agricultural lifeways may increase ranchers' and farmers' adoption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This manuscript examines how a shared sociospatial or "rural" identity may uniquely facilitate mental health care delivery. In particular, we consider the significant but largely unexplored role that domestic violence center staff, whom we term "Reputational Provider-Experts" or RPEs, play in addressing the mental health needs of rural women who have experienced intimate partner violence. Using data collected through semi-structured individual and focus group interviews with RPEs across 12 counties and four tribal reservations in northern Wisconsin (N = 15), we detail the sociospatial commonalities that enable RPEs to provide trusted, sustained mental health support to rural women. Because these advocates are rural community members whose approach implicitly appeals to local norms and values, we argue that they represent rurally concordant providers. In this way, rurality emerges as a meaningful and novel form of patient-provider concordance, one with critical relevance to addressing the rural mental health crisis in the United States. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For over fifteen years the author has conducted fieldwork in a rural area of central Hokkaido. During that time the linkage between individualistic notions of life's meaning, wellness and location or environment have been popular conversation topics among a wide array of interlocutors both native and newcomer. This article briefly outlines three distinct theoretical strands—heterotopia, specifically its concern with emplacement; the One Health paradigm, notably the importance of more-than-human effects and affects; and ikigai, often translated as what gives life meaning. It then disembeds these frames from their common limits and contextual moorings in urban studies and art interpretation, public and veterinary health, and Japanese studies respectively, in order to weave them together via ethnographic biographies that open for comparison concerns regarding health and well-being that vary yet collectively sustain the motivation, sometimes fleeting and often liminal, to remain in rural Japan [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ecologists, social scientists, and policymakers alike define "resilience" as the properties that allow complex systems to function in the wake of sudden shocks. While proponents treat these properties as empirical qualities that can be engineered into existence, critics have largely treated government‐organized attempts to do so as consistent with the dismantling of the welfare state. This article offers an ethnographic account of a conservation policy initiative in northwest British Columbia designed to generate consensus‐based quantitative indicators on salmon health. I examine how workshop organizers, emboldened by provocative metaphors of survival and systematicity, mobilize resilience discourse as a platform for social analysis, and urge other researchers to envision how their own work might allow them to transcend institutional attachments altogether. Resilience‐based initiatives have wrought profound changes in experts' everyday lives, in part by encouraging precariously employed researchers to reimagine their relationships to shrinking government institutions. In addition to naming an emergent political logic for legitimating downsizing and other organizational responses to disasters, I argue that resilience discourse provides the experts entrusted with designing these responses with new grammars for imagining the future viability of their own expertise. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although the world has reached a highly urbanized stage, there is still a large rural population and a large rural area, and various rural problems to be solved. Many developing and underdeveloped countries have garnered little attention in rural studies and have even more complicated rural development problems. To clarify the intellectual contribution of rural studies and to integrate research into practice, in this study, we conducted a bibliometric analysis of the last 10 years of rural studies from a geographical perspective by comparing and integrating other related studies. CiteSpace was used to analyze the leading journals, keyword frequency and evolution, research hotspots, and research trends of 3530 articles. Our findings include four sections presented as main contents in details. In the end, we propose at least 10 elements to the rural geography framework based on the viewpoints of predecessors and future requirements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the trope of pastoral harmony in environmental literature, art, and media. Some themes in the pastoral harmony trope are arcadia, idyll, elegy, utopia, balance of nature, rootedness, locality, rurality, and natural health. Of particular focus in this piece is the celebration of agriculture and agricultural landscapes. By analyzing two case studies of contemporary artists who celebrate agriculture in their work, I explore the themes and tensions in modern pastoral art, which both "sells" the pastoral lifestyle and embraces progressive social and environmental ideals. The case studies include photographer and filmmaker Ben Stechschulte and music by Rising Appalachia. In a world of climate crisis and social injustice, these artists demonstrate a pastoral vision that prescribes a more nuanced understanding of rurality as the antidote to fractured relationships between human groups and the more-than-human world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines social networks of disconnected youth in rural and peri-rural California to provide an improved theoretical understanding of how social networks moderate the association between social capital and youth disconnection. Our analysis finds the formation of formal institutional networks built through young people's weak ties to community organizations are important in facilitating linking capital that can both support disconnected youth in coping with the effects of disconnection while also supporting opportunities for economic subsistence. Our results offer a theoretical point of departure from existing understandings of social capital and social networks of older youth and marginalized older youth by excavating the nature and extent of social networks constructed by disconnected youth and illustrating the role that broader structural realities in rural communities have in shaping the formation of social networks by disconnected youth and these young adults' insertion into these networks. • Disconnected youth utilize Community Based Youth Serving Organizations to gain important linking capital. • The informal, but institutional networks, disconnected youth gain in these organizations support economic mobility. • Structural realities in rural areas shape the formation of social networks by disconnected youth and their insertion into certain networks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim of study: This study reviews the state of the art of collaboration for social innovation in food and rural systems. The analysis focuses on cooperation by farms and agro-industry companies. The purpose is to identify not only the state of the art of this research topic but also the main authors, the countries where these studies are conducted and the dynamics of research networks in relation to these topics. Area of study: Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). Material and methods: The Web of Science database was used to search for articles containing the terms ‘cooperation’, ‘networks’, ‘innovation’, ‘social’, ‘rural’ and ‘LAC’. Using VOSviewer network creation and analysis software, maps of citations, co-authorship, co-citations and co-occurrence of key-words were created and analysed. Content analysis was then performed. Finally, the research areas that the authors of the analysed articles consider to be of interest for future research were identified. Main results: The results reveal that researchers from Latin America and other regions, especially Europe and the English-speaking world, are showing a growing interest in collaborative systems for development and social innovation in LAC. Research highlights: The analysis enables further progress to be made in identifying the main drivers of collaboration in the LAC rural sector. These main drivers include social innovation, knowledge, sustainable management and social capital.

Philip Lowe died in February 2020, and so an academic career spanning five decades in environmental and rural social science and the sociology of knowledge came to an end. A pioneer of the social science of environmentalism, since the early 1990s, Philip Lowe had been closely associated with the Centre for Rural Economy at Newcastle University in the UK and had been the intellectual force behind establishing rural economy as both a subject and mode of social science analysis. This article reflects on a career and the evolving concept of 'rural economy' as an economic form, a policy realm and a knowledge practice. Through this history, it presents an account of the contribution of Philip Lowe's research and writing that, as a result of his death, now stands as a bounded and complete body of work for the benefit of future generations of scholars. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article – by probing / pipetting method – presents the Polish peasants’ applications for former German land in the Łazisko commune from the period of land reform (1944). It opens a problem area and shows that the ethnographic / anthropological reading of documents, which are peasant applications for land, attempts to illuminate an old problems with a new light. The article is a contribution to the Alternative History of land reform, the axis of which is to examine the peasant experience of land reform in the context of relations with German settlers who disappeared from the common local cultural landscape. The alternativity or anthropology of the approach used is based on: shifting the perspective from a macro historic to a micro historic one, focusing on documents located on the border of formality and informality (objectivity and subjectivity, facts and sphere of emotions), deriving history from national borders (for the purpose of focusing on universal suffering), the discourse of counter-history.

This article draws on ethnographic research in three rural places in the Western United States to understand how rural workers incorporate the Internet into their work practices. We find two key, divergent types of work in rural areas that leverage the Internet: (1) telework and (2) work to market and sell goods and services online. We consider why these two forms of Internet-enabled work are pursued by different segments of the rural population, attending to the socio-demographic variation within and between these two broad categories. Some key differences include whether workers are urban transplants or rural-originating, in "white-collar" or "blue-collar" occupations, and whether they are men or women. We argue that deficit framings that focus on inadequate infrastructure or absent skills are insufficient to understand such patterns of differentiated use. Instead a sociocultural explanation is needed: one that draws connections between work cultures, occupational values, skills, and practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article contributes to research that aims to better understand and describe the rural context for rural computing. We argue that the particularities of rurality are heightened by the experience of 'islandness'. We report on our experiences of engaging on one small island as islanders established community radio using a novel platform. Data comes from 12 semi-structured interviews with community members and ethnographic field notes assembled through eight researcher visits to the island. Transcripts and notes were analysed using thematic analysis. We discuss how rural islandness as a socio-cultural lens influenced technology appropriation and factors to support participation. We explore the elements of rural islandness that can be used as an analytic tool for rural HCI and HCI more broadly, through three main contributions of rural islandness that we believe have not yet been sufficiently explored in HCI. These are (1) separateness, (2) pushing things ahead, and (3) publics and rural pluralities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This participant-observation study examines the intersection of food, community resilience, and conviviality in a tiny, aging, but vibrant fair in NE Kansas. Vinland Valley is a town halfway between Lawrence and Baldwin City, southwest of Kansas City. Vinland's population has never grown significantly beyond the size of its founding membership, and this stagnation resulted in its official un-incorporation in the 1980s. The Vinland Fair, however, remains the oldest, continuously running fair in Kansas and a vital community practice that exhibits the resilience and conviviality still present, though rare, throughout the rural US Midwest. On a Thursday through Saturday each August, a couple hundred residents of Vinland and the surrounding area gather in the otherwise vacant Vinland Fairgrounds. While this research is interested in food presented at the fair, we are particularly interested in food eaten at the fair. We examine the three shared meals repeated every year: pork-burger night, chicken noodle night, and brisket night (each comes with pie). This research explores the intersections of food and eating in the place of Vinland at the oldest fair in Kansas to better understand community resilience in the flagging small towns of the Midwest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The purpose of this study is to examine the relevance of non-specific safety belt use data for interventions to rural teens and to pilot a data collection project to provide more specific data to traffic safety stakeholders and educators in rural areas.Methods: Twelve high schools in Southeast Georgia were used for observed safety belt data collection over a 16 month period. Observational surveys were conducted at the entrance to student parking lots of the studied schools in the morning or afternoon. Observers were trained and survey methods were standardized to maintain comparability between results.Results: Observational surveys revealed a safety belt usage rate of 38.6% among high schools teens at the studied high schools. Safety belt usage rates ranged from 9.5% to 66.9%. Observed safety belt use for female vehicle occupants was 48.4% compared to 35.6% for males.Conclusion: The observational survey results from this study support research showing that rural teens have lower safety belt usage rates than adults or urban teens. Despite efforts to target rural areas, programs must specifically target sub populations, especially rural male teens, in order to hold any traction. Because of the wide gap between measured safety belt use in rural Georgia (79.9%) and the studied rural high schools (38.6%), local program planners must assess actual safety belt usage in their high risk rural teen population in order to use accurate metrics for intervention and education efforts. [West J Emerg Med. 2013;14(4):380–383.]

The study presents the comparison for two different economies; rural Malawi and rural Pakistan by using cross sectional data drawn from ‘MDICP’ and ‘PSLM’ for the year 2007-08. The mainobjective of the study is to analyze the factors that determine the female behavior towards employment during their child-bearing age (15-45). We also extend our analysis toward womenparticipation on-farm and off-farm economic activities. The Probit model is used to examine the effects of various personal demographic along with social demographic determinants on femaleparticipation in economic activities. The focus of the study is to analyze that how these factors determine the women decision to participate on-farm or off-farm economic activities for bothcountries under consideration. The main findings of the study show that these demographic and individual characteristics influence women participation in both countries. The coefficient of age is positive and significant for female decision to participate in economic activity for bothcountries. The Study’s findings indicate that wealth has a negative influence on female decision to work either on-farm or off-farm activity in Pakistan. All the coefficients of education positively influence the Malawian women participation in any economic activity while in case of Pakistan results indicate that a rise in education level beyond secondary level of education increased the probability of females to active in labor market whereas less educated females are discouraged from entering in labor market. Married Malawian women are economically more active though the case is opposite for Pakistan.