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In this paper, the effects of hot isostatic pressing (HIP) temperature on the crystal structure, optical, dielectric and magnetic properties of GdMnO3 ceramics were studied. All samples form a single-phase structure without structural transformation, while HIP temperature induces the changes in lattice parameters. HIP causes the change in Mn ions valence state, oxygen vacancy concentration, Raman vibration modes and microscopic morphology of GdMnO3. Vacancy concentration of the samples prepared by HIP at 800 °C increases compared with that of the samples without HIP, then remains unchanged when the HIP temperature is from 800 to 900 °C, and finally decreases with the further increase of HIP temperature. Appropriate HIP temperature can increase the dielectric constant and decrease the dielectric loss. The transition temperature of paramagnetism to antiferromagnetism and magnetization can be significantly affected by HIP temperature. Magnetic transition temperature and magnetization are closely related to Mn2+ ions concentration and cation vacancy concentration, respectively.

By assembling two isolated monolayers, the vertical stacking heterostructure of SnSe2/MoSe2 is designed. The morphology of the SnSe2/MoSe2 vertical heterostructures is observed by optical microscope and atomic force microscope. Furthermore, through controlling different annealing time at the temperature 150 °C, the promoted field-effect performance of the SnSe2/MoSe2 heterostructures is observed. The underlying mechanism can be attributed to the increasing interlayer coupling along with the extended annealing time. On the other hand, due to the type-II band alignment, the electron will transfer from the MoSe2 to SnSe2, leading to the weaker photoluminescence intensity. The results show that the field-effect performance can be greatly improved via appropriate annealing time, exhibiting great potential application of the SnSe2/MoSe2 heterostructure in optoelectronic devices.

Two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors have been attracting considerable interests for the potential applications in nano-optoelectronic devices. Here, we study the electronic and optical properties of the ZrS2/HfSe2 van der Waals (vdW) heterobilayer, which presents an intrinsic type-II band alignment. The conduction band minimum (CBM) and the valence band maximum (VBM) are separately dominated by the ZrS2 and HfSe2 layers, respectively. More importantly, the superior optical absorption of the heterostructure can be reached to the 106 amounts in ultraviolet region. Our results suggest that the 2D ZrS2/HfSe2 vdW heterobilayer would be likely utilized in the optoelectronic devices.

In-wheel motor drive has been developed quickly. permanent magnet machines is the preferred. In this paper, the characteristics of permanent magnet machines are first reviewed and evaluated. Then, the new technology of in-wheel motor drive iare discussed, Finally, future research trends of electrical machines in EVs are described.