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5. Effects of race and ethnicity on perinatal outcomes in high-income and upper-middle-income countries: an individual participant data meta-analysis of 2 198 655 pregnancies

Author

Abdollahain, Mali, Savitri, Ary I., Salvesen, Kjell Åsmund, Bhattacharya, Sohinee, Uiterwaal, Cuno S.P.M., Staff, Annetine C., Andersen, Louise Bjoerkholt, Olive, Elisa Llurba, Daskalakis, George, Macleod, Maureen, Thilaganathan, Baskaran, Ramírez, Javier Arenas, Massé, Jacques, Audibert, Francois, Magnus, Per Minor, Sletner, Line, Baschat, Ahmet, Ohkuchi, Akihide, McAuliffe, Fionnuala M., West, Jane, Askie, Lisa M., Mone, Fionnuala, Farrar, Diane, Zimmerman, Peter A., Smits, Luc J.M., Riddell, Catherine, Kingdom, John C., van de Post, Joris, Illanes, Sebastián E., Holzman, Claudia, van Kuijk, Sander M.J., Carbillon, Lionel, Villa, Pia M., Eskild, Anne, Chappell, Lucy, Prefumo, Federico, Velauthar, Luxmi, Seed, Paul, van Oostwaard, Miriam, Verlohren, Stefan, Poston, Lucilla, Ferrazzi, Enrico, Vinter, Christina A., Nagata, Chie, Brown, Mark, Vollebregt, Karlijn C., Takeda, Satoru, Langenveld, Josje, Widmer, Mariana, Saito, Shigeru, Haavaldsen, Camilla, Carroli, Guillermo, Olsen, Jørn, Wolf, Hans, Zavaleta, Nelly, Eisensee, Inge, Vergani, Patrizia, Lumbiganon, Pisake, Makrides, Maria, Facchinetti, Fabio, Sequeira, Evan, Gibson, Robert, Ferrazzani, Sergio, Frusca, Tiziana, Figueiró-Filho, Ernesto A., Lapaire, Olav, Laivuori, Hannele, Lykke, Jacob A., Conde-Agudelo, Agustin, Galindo, Alberto, Mbah, Alfred, Betran, Ana Pilar, Herraiz, Ignacio, Trogstad, Lill, Smith, Gordon G.S., Steegers, Eric A.P., Salim, Read, Huang, Tianhua, Adank, Annemarijne, Zhang, Jun, Meschino, Wendy S., Browne, Joyce L., Allen, Rebecca E., Da Silva Costa, Fabricio, Klipstein-Grobusch, Kerstin, Jørgensen, Jan Stener, Forest, Jean-Claude, Rumbold, Alice R., Mol, Ben W., Giguère, Yves, Ganzevoort, Wessel, Odibo, Anthony O., Myers, Jenny, Yeo, SeonAe, Teede, Helena J., Goffinet, Francois, McCowan, Lesley, Pajkrt, Eva, Haddad, Bassam G., Dekker, Gustaaf, Kleinrouweler, Emily C., LeCarpentier, Édouard, Roberts, Claire T., Groen, Henk, Skråstad, Ragnhild Bergene, Heinonen, Seppo, Eero, Kajantie, Kenny, Louise C., Anggraini, Dewi, Souka, Athena, Cecatti, Jose, Monterio, Ilza, Coomarasamy, Arri, Smuk, Melanie, Pillalis, Athanasios, Crovetto, Francesca, Souza, Renato, Ann Hawkins, Lee, Gabbay- Benziv, Rinat, Riley, Richard, Snell, Kym, Archer, Lucinda, Figuera, Francesc, van Gelder, Marleen, Sheikh, Jameela, Allotey, John, Kew, Tania, Fernández-Félix, Borja M, Zamora, Javier, Khalil, Asma, and Thangaratinam, Shakila

Published
2022
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8. Effect of Neonatal Unit Interventions Designed to Increase Breastfeeding in Preterm Infants: An Overview of Systematic Reviews.

Author

Hilditch, Cathie, Rumbold, Alice R., Keir, Amy, Middleton, Philippa, and Gomersall, Judith

Abstract

Introduction: This overview aims to systematically review evidence regarding effects of interventions undertaken in neonatal units to increase breastfeeding in preterm infants. Methods: We followed Cochrane methodology. Systematic reviews published to October 31, 2022, reporting meta-analysis of effects from original studies on breastfeeding rates in preterm infants of neonatal unit interventions designed to increase breastfeeding were included. Results: Avoidance of bottles during breastfeed establishment (comparator breastfeeds with bottle-feeds) demonstrated clear evidence of benefit for any breastfeeding at discharge and exclusive breastfeeding 3 months post-discharge, and possible evidence of benefit for exclusive breastfeeding at discharge, and any breastfeeding post-discharge. Kangaroo mother care (KMC) (comparator usual care) demonstrated clear evidence of benefit for any and exclusive breastfeeding at discharge and possible benefit for any breastfeeding post-discharge. Quality improvement (QI) bundle(s) to enable breastfeeds (comparator conventional care) showed possible evidence of benefit for any breastfeeding at discharge. Cup feeding (comparator other supplemental enteral feeding forms) demonstrated possible evidence of benefit for exclusive breastfeeding at discharge and any breastfeeding 3 months after. Early onset KMC (commenced <24 h post-birth), oral stimulation, and oropharyngeal colostrum administration, showed no evidence of benefit. No meta-analyses reported pooled effects for gestational age or birthweight subgroups. Conclusion: There is ample evidence to support investment in KMC, avoidance of bottles during breastfeed establishment, cup feeding, and QI bundles targeted at better supporting breastfeeding in neonatal units to increase prevalence of breastfeeding in preterm infants and promote equal access to breastmilk. Stratifying effects by relevant subgroups is a research priority. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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14. Strategies to improve control of sexually transmissible infections in remote Australian Aboriginal communities: a stepped-wedge, cluster-randomised trial

Author

Ward, James, Guy, Rebecca J, Rumbold, Alice R, McGregor, Skye, Wand, Handan, McManus, Hamish, Dyda, Amalie, Garton, Linda, Hengel, Belinda, Silver, Bronwyn J, Taylor-Thomson, Debbie, Knox, Janet, Donovan, Basil, Law, Matthew, Maher, Lisa, Fairley, Christopher K, Skov, Steven, Ryder, Nathan, Moore, Elizabeth, Mein, Jacqueline, Reeve, Carole, Ah Chee, Donna, Boffa, John, and Kaldor, John M

Published
2019
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15. 'Like fumbling around in the dark': Young people's perceptions and realities of healthy relationships.

Author

Kedzior, Sophie G. E., Moore, Vivienne M., Manning, Nathan, Oswald, Tassia K., Calabretto, Helen, Lassi, Zohra S., and Rumbold, Alice R.

Subjects
YOUNG adults, YOUTH development, SOCIAL norms, SEX education, RELATIONSHIP quality
Abstract

Learning to negotiate relationships is a key feature of adolescence, yet insight into young people's perspectives on what constitutes healthy relationships is lacking. In this study, therefore, insights were sought on healthy relationship qualities, common issues encountered, and relevant educational experiences. Semi-structured interviews were undertaken with 18 young people (11 self-identified as female, 5 male, and 2 trans/gender-diverse) aged 14–20 years, residing in Adelaide, South Australia. Relationships with parents, siblings, peers and intimate partners were topics for discussion. Reflexive thematic analysis was utilised to generate codes and themes. The Five Cs of Positive Youth Development were used to aid understanding of findings. Young people's accounts suggested a disjuncture between desired relationship qualities, realities and education on relationships and sexual health. Young people articulated tensions navigating peer norms and societal expectations in relation to dating and sex, including unrealistic representations, gender stereotyping and strong 'sexpectations'. Participants in this study relied more heavily on personal experience and observation than formal education to develop an understanding of healthy relationships. Achieving healthy relationships was generally perceived to be complex and requiring skills or understanding informants were unsure about. Positive Youth Development could provide a framework for meeting the needs expressed by young people, notably by building communication skills, confidence and agency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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17. A Systematic Review of School-based Programs to Improve Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health: Considering the Role of Social Connectedness

Author

Kedzior, Sophie G. E., Lassi, Zohra S., Oswald, Tassia K., Moore, Vivienne M., Marino, Jennifer L., and Rumbold, Alice R.

Abstract

Schools are an important source of information about sexuality, but programs that focus on promoting knowledge alone generally have limited impact on sexual health. Schools also provide a space for relationship and social skill development, which are critical for social connectedness or a sense of belonging. Enhancing social connectedness among adolescents has been associated with improved mental health, but whether this is a beneficial strategy for sexual health is unclear. The aim of this systematic review was to determine the impact of school-based programs that promote social connectedness on adolescent sexual and reproductive health. Following a search of major databases, 18 studies of ten distinct programs were identified. Overall, improved condom use, delayed initiation of sex, and reduced pregnancy rates were demonstrated. Program effectiveness was influenced by ethnicity and gender, for example, greater improvements in condom use were often reported among African American students. Programs that were most effective incorporated multiple constructs of social connectedness, included social skill-building and had a sustained intensity. Future research should examine gender- and culture-sensitive ways to promote social connectedness, and the optimal program intensity. This review provides promising evidence that programs that promote multiple aspects of connectedness can improve adolescent sexual and reproductive health.

Published
2024
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18. Effects of race and ethnicity on perinatal outcomes in high-income and upper-middle-income countries: an individual participant data meta-analysis of 2 198 655 pregnancies

Author

Sheikh, Jameela, primary, Allotey, John, additional, Kew, Tania, additional, Fernández-Félix, Borja M, additional, Zamora, Javier, additional, Khalil, Asma, additional, Thangaratinam, Shakila, additional, Abdollahain, Mali, additional, Savitri, Ary I., additional, Salvesen, Kjell Åsmund, additional, Bhattacharya, Sohinee, additional, Uiterwaal, Cuno S.P.M., additional, Staff, Annetine C., additional, Andersen, Louise Bjoerkholt, additional, Olive, Elisa Llurba, additional, Daskalakis, George, additional, Macleod, Maureen, additional, Thilaganathan, Baskaran, additional, Ramírez, Javier Arenas, additional, Massé, Jacques, additional, Audibert, Francois, additional, Magnus, Per Minor, additional, Sletner, Line, additional, Baschat, Ahmet, additional, Ohkuchi, Akihide, additional, McAuliffe, Fionnuala M., additional, West, Jane, additional, Askie, Lisa M., additional, Mone, Fionnuala, additional, Farrar, Diane, additional, Zimmerman, Peter A., additional, Smits, Luc J.M., additional, Riddell, Catherine, additional, Kingdom, John C., additional, van de Post, Joris, additional, Illanes, Sebastián E., additional, Holzman, Claudia, additional, van Kuijk, Sander M.J., additional, Carbillon, Lionel, additional, Villa, Pia M., additional, Eskild, Anne, additional, Chappell, Lucy, additional, Prefumo, Federico, additional, Velauthar, Luxmi, additional, Seed, Paul, additional, van Oostwaard, Miriam, additional, Verlohren, Stefan, additional, Poston, Lucilla, additional, Ferrazzi, Enrico, additional, Vinter, Christina A., additional, Nagata, Chie, additional, Brown, Mark;, additional, Vollebregt, Karlijn C., additional, Takeda, Satoru, additional, Langenveld, Josje, additional, Widmer, Mariana, additional, Saito, Shigeru, additional, Haavaldsen, Camilla, additional, Carroli, Guillermo, additional, Olsen, Jørn, additional, Wolf, Hans, additional, Zavaleta, Nelly, additional, Eisensee, Inge, additional, Vergani, Patrizia, additional, Lumbiganon, Pisake, additional, Makrides, Maria, additional, Facchinetti, Fabio, additional, Sequeira, Evan, additional, Gibson, Robert, additional, Ferrazzani, Sergio, additional, Frusca, Tiziana, additional, Figueiró-Filho, Ernesto A., additional, Lapaire, Olav, additional, Laivuori, Hannele, additional, Lykke, Jacob A., additional, Conde-Agudelo, Agustin, additional, Galindo, Alberto, additional, Mbah, Alfred, additional, Betran, Ana Pilar, additional, Herraiz, Ignacio, additional, Trogstad, Lill, additional, Smith, Gordon G.S., additional, Steegers, Eric A.P., additional, Salim, Read, additional, Huang, Tianhua, additional, Adank, Annemarijne, additional, Zhang, Jun, additional, Meschino, Wendy S., additional, Browne, Joyce L., additional, Allen, Rebecca E., additional, Da Silva Costa, Fabricio, additional, Klipstein-Grobusch, Kerstin, additional, Jørgensen, Jan Stener, additional, Forest, Jean-Claude, additional, Rumbold, Alice R., additional, Mol, Ben W., additional, Giguère, Yves, additional, Ganzevoort, Wessel, additional, Odibo, Anthony O., additional, Myers, Jenny, additional, Yeo, SeonAe, additional, Teede, Helena J., additional, Goffinet, Francois, additional, McCowan, Lesley, additional, Pajkrt, Eva, additional, Haddad, Bassam G., additional, Dekker, Gustaaf, additional, Kleinrouweler, Emily C., additional, LeCarpentier, Édouard, additional, Roberts, Claire T., additional, Groen, Henk, additional, Skråstad, Ragnhild Bergene, additional, Heinonen, Seppo, additional, Eero, Kajantie, additional, Kenny, Louise C., additional, Anggraini, Dewi, additional, Souka, Athena, additional, Cecatti, Jose, additional, Monterio, Ilza, additional, Coomarasamy, Arri, additional, Smuk, Melanie, additional, Pillalis, Athanasios, additional, Crovetto, Francesca, additional, Souza, Renato, additional, Ann Hawkins, Lee, additional, Gabbay- Benziv, Rinat, additional, Riley, Richard, additional, Snell, Kym, additional, Archer, Lucinda, additional, Figuera, Francesc, additional, and van Gelder, Marleen, additional

Published
2022
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38. Incidence of curable sexually transmissible infections among adolescents and young adults in remote Australian Aboriginal communities: analysis of longitudinal clinical service data

Author

Silver, Bronwyn J, Guy, Rebecca J, Wand, Handan, Ward, James, Rumbold, Alice R, Fairley, Christopher K, Donovan, Basil, Maher, Lisa, Dyda, Amalie, Garton, Linda, Hengel, Belinda, Knox, Janet, McGregor, Skye, Taylor-Thomson, Debbie, Kaldor, John M, Chee, Donna Ah, Boffa, John, Glance, David, Law, Mathew, McDermott, Robyn, and Skov, Steven

Published
2015
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40. Validation and development of models using clinical, biochemical and ultrasound markers for predicting pre-eclampsia: an individual participant data meta-analysis

Author

Allotey, John, Snell, Kym I. E., Smuk, Melanie, Hooper, Richard, Chan, Claire L., Ahmed, Asif, Chappell, Lucy C., von Dadelszen, Peter, Dodds, Julie, Green, Marcus, Kenny, Louise, Khalil, Asma, Khan, Khalid S., Mol, Ben W., Myers, Jenny, Poston, Lucilla, Thilaganathan, Basky, Staff, Anne C., Smith, Gordon C. S., Ganzevoort, Wessel, Laivuori, Hannele, Odibo, Anthony O., Ramirez, Javier A., Kingdom, John, Daskalakis, George, Farrar, Diane, Baschat, Ahmet A., Seed, Paul T., Prefumo, Federico, Costa, Fabricio da Silva, Groen, Henk, Audibert, Francois, Masse, Jacques, Skrastad, Ragnhild B., Salvesen, Kjell A., Haavaldsen, Camilla, Nagata, Chie, Rumbold, Alice R., Heinonen, Seppo, Askie, Lisa M., Smits, Luc J. M., Vinter, Christina A., Magnus, Per M., Eero, Kajantie, Villa, Pia M., Jenum, Anne K., Andersen, Louise B., Norman, Jane E., Ohkuchi, Akihide, Eskild, Anne, Epidemiologie, and RS: CAPHRI - R5 - Optimising Patient Care

Subjects
BODY-MASS INDEX, UTERINE ARTERY DOPPLER, FOR-GESTATIONAL-AGE, LOW-DOSE ASPIRIN, RANDOMIZED-CONTROLLED-TRIAL, OXIDE SYNTHASE GENE, ADVERSE PREGNANCY OUTCOMES, MOLECULAR-WEIGHT HEPARIN, PLACENTAL PROTEIN 13, FETAL-GROWTH RESTRICTION
Abstract

Background: Pre-eclampsia is a leading cause of maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity. Early identification of women at risk is needed to plan management. Objective : To assess the performance of existing pre-eclampsia prediction models and to develop and validate models for pre-eclampsia using individual participant data meta-analysis. We also estimated the prognostic value of individual markers. Design: This was an individual participant data meta-analysis of cohort studies. Setting: Source data from secondary and tertiary care. Predictors: We identified predictors from systematic reviews, and prioritised for importance in an international survey. Primary outcomes Early-onset (delivery at = 34 weeks' gestation) and any-onset pre-eclampsia. Analysis: We externally validated existing prediction models in UK cohorts and reported their performance in terms of discrimination and calibration. We developed and validated 12 new models based on clinical characteristics, clinical characteristics and biochemical markers, and clinical characteristics and ultrasound markers in the first and second trimesters. We summarised the data set-specific performance of each model using a random-effects meta-analysis. Discrimination was considered promising for C-statistics of >= 0.7, and calibration was considered good if the slope was near 1 and calibration-in-the-large was near 0. Heterogeneity was quantified using l(2) and tau(2). A decision curve analysis was undertaken to determine the clinical utility (net benefit) of the models. We reported the unadjusted prognostic value of individual predictors for pre-eclampsia as odds ratios with 95% confidence and prediction intervals. Result The International Prediction of Pregnancy Complications network comprised 78 studies (3,570,993 singleton pregnancies) identified from systematic reviews of tests to predict pre-eclampsia. Twenty-four of the 131 published prediction models could be validated in 11 UK cohorts. Summary C-statistics were between 0.6 and 0.7 for most models, and calibration was generally poor owing to large between-study heterogeneity, suggesting model overfitting. The clinical utility of the models varied between showing net harm to showing minimal or no net benefit. The average discrimination for IPPIC models ranged between 0.68 and 0.83. This was highest for the second-trimester clinical characteristics and biochemical markers model to predict early-onset pre-eclampsia, and lowest for the first-trimester clinical characteristics models to predict any pre-eclampsia. Calibration performance was heterogeneous across studies. Net benefit was observed for International Prediction of Pregnancy Complications first and second-trimester clinical characteristics and clinical characteristics and biochemical markers models predicting any pre-eclampsia, when validated in singleton nulliparous women managed in the UK NHS. History of hypertension, parity, smoking, mode of conception, placental growth factor and uterine artery pulsatility index had the strongest unadjusted associations with pre-eclampsia. Limitations: Variations in study population characteristics, type of predictors reported, too few events in some validation cohorts and the type of measurements contributed to heterogeneity in performance of the International Prediction of Pregnancy Complications models. Some published models were not validated because model predictors were unavailable in the individual participant data. Conclusion: For models that could be validated, predictive performance was generally poor across data sets. Although the International Prediction of Pregnancy Complications models show good predictive performance on average, and in the singleton nulliparous population, heterogeneity in calibration performance is likely across settings. Future work: Recalibration of model parameters within populations may improve calibration performance. Additional strong predictors need to be identified to improve model performance and consistency. Validation, including examination of calibration heterogeneity, is required for the models we could not validate.

Published
2020

45. External validation of prognostic models predicting pre-eclampsia: individual participant data meta-analysis

Author

Snell, Kym IE, Allotey, John, Smuk, Melanie, Hooper, Richard, Chan, Claire, Ahmed, Asif, Chappell, Lucy C, Von Dadelszen, Peter, Green, Marcus, Kenny, Louise, Khalil, Asma, Khan, Khalid S, Mol, Ben W, Myers, Jenny, Poston, Lucilla, Thilaganathan, Basky, Staff, Anne C, Smith, Gordon CS, Ganzevoort, Wessel, Laivuori, Hannele, Odibo, Anthony O, Arenas Ramírez, Javier, Kingdom, John, Daskalakis, George, Farrar, Diane, Baschat, Ahmet A, Seed, Paul T, Prefumo, Federico, da Silva Costa, Fabricio, Groen, Henk, Audibert, Francois, Masse, Jacques, Skråstad, Ragnhild B, Salvesen, Kjell Å, Haavaldsen, Camilla, Nagata, Chie, Rumbold, Alice R, Heinonen, Seppo, Askie, Lisa M, Smits, Luc JM, Vinter, Christina A, Magnus, Per, Eero, Kajantie, Villa, Pia M, Jenum, Anne K, Andersen, Louise B, Norman, Jane E, Ohkuchi, Akihide, Eskild, Anne, Bhattacharya, Sohinee, McAuliffe, Fionnuala M, Galindo, Alberto, Herraiz, Ignacio, Carbillon, Lionel, Klipstein-Grobusch, Kerstin, Yeo, Seon Ae, Browne, Joyce L, Moons, Karel GM, Riley, Richard D, Thangaratinam, Shakila, and IPPIC Collaborative Network

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Pre-eclampsia is a leading cause of maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity. Early identification of women at risk during pregnancy is required to plan management. Although there are many published prediction models for pre-eclampsia, few have been validated in external data. Our objective was to externally validate published prediction models for pre-eclampsia using individual participant data (IPD) from UK studies, to evaluate whether any of the models can accurately predict the condition when used within the UK healthcare setting. METHODS: IPD from 11 UK cohort studies (217,415 pregnant women) within the International Prediction of Pregnancy Complications (IPPIC) pre-eclampsia network contributed to external validation of published prediction models, identified by systematic review. Cohorts that measured all predictor variables in at least one of the identified models and reported pre-eclampsia as an outcome were included for validation. We reported the model predictive performance as discrimination (C-statistic), calibration (calibration plots, calibration slope, calibration-in-the-large), and net benefit. Performance measures were estimated separately in each available study and then, where possible, combined across studies in a random-effects meta-analysis. RESULTS: Of 131 published models, 67 provided the full model equation and 24 could be validated in 11 UK cohorts. Most of the models showed modest discrimination with summary C-statistics between 0.6 and 0.7. The calibration of the predicted compared to observed risk was generally poor for most models with observed calibration slopes less than 1, indicating that predictions were generally too extreme, although confidence intervals were wide. There was large between-study heterogeneity in each model's calibration-in-the-large, suggesting poor calibration of the predicted overall risk across populations. In a subset of models, the net benefit of using the models to inform clinical decisions appeared small and limited to probability thresholds between 5 and 7%. CONCLUSIONS: The evaluated models had modest predictive performance, with key limitations such as poor calibration (likely due to overfitting in the original development datasets), substantial heterogeneity, and small net benefit across settings. The evidence to support the use of these prediction models for pre-eclampsia in clinical decision-making is limited. Any models that we could not validate should be examined in terms of their predictive performance, net benefit, and heterogeneity across multiple UK settings before consideration for use in practice. TRIAL REGISTRATION: PROSPERO ID: CRD42015029349 .

Published
2020

49. Validation and development of models using clinical, biochemical and ultrasound markers for predicting pre-eclampsia: an individual participant data meta-analysis

Author

Allotey, John, primary, Laivuori, Hannele, primary, Snell, Kym IE, additional, Smuk, Melanie, additional, Hooper, Richard, additional, Chan, Claire L, additional, Ahmed, Asif, additional, Chappell, Lucy C, additional, von Dadelszen, Peter, additional, Dodds, Julie, additional, Green, Marcus, additional, Kenny, Louise, additional, Khalil, Asma, additional, Khan, Khalid S, additional, Mol, Ben W, additional, Myers, Jenny, additional, Poston, Lucilla, additional, Thilaganathan, Basky, additional, Staff, Anne C, additional, Smith, Gordon CS, additional, Ganzevoort, Wessel, additional, Odibo, Anthony O, additional, Ramírez, Javier A, additional, Kingdom, John, additional, Daskalakis, George, additional, Farrar, Diane, additional, Baschat, Ahmet A, additional, Seed, Paul T, additional, Prefumo, Federico, additional, da Silva Costa, Fabricio, additional, Groen, Henk, additional, Audibert, Francois, additional, Masse, Jacques, additional, Skråstad, Ragnhild B, additional, Salvesen, Kjell Å, additional, Haavaldsen, Camilla, additional, Nagata, Chie, additional, Rumbold, Alice R, additional, Heinonen, Seppo, additional, Askie, Lisa M, additional, Smits, Luc JM, additional, Vinter, Christina A, additional, Magnus, Per M, additional, Eero, Kajantie, additional, Villa, Pia M, additional, Jenum, Anne K, additional, Andersen, Louise B, additional, Norman, Jane E, additional, Ohkuchi, Akihide, additional, Eskild, Anne, additional, Bhattacharya, Sohinee, additional, McAuliffe, Fionnuala M, additional, Galindo, Alberto, additional, Herraiz, Ignacio, additional, Carbillon, Lionel, additional, Klipstein-Grobusch, Kerstin, additional, Yeo, SeonAe, additional, Teede, Helena J, additional, Browne, Joyce L, additional, Moons, Karel GM, additional, Riley, Richard D, additional, and Thangaratinam, Shakila, additional

Published
2020
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50. Exploring the characteristics of the research workforce in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health

Author

Rumbold, Alice R., Cunningham, Joan, Bailie, Ross S., and Hiller, Janet E.

Subjects
Medical research -- Analysis, Medicine, Experimental -- Analysis, Australian aborigines -- Health aspects, Health
Abstract

Objective: This study was conducted to better understand the characteristics of current and past researchers in Indigenous health in Australia and the factors that may influence decisions about working in this field. Methods: A self-administered survey by e-mail or post to all individuals listed as an author on a published paper or who completed a PhD or masters research degree in the field of Indigenous health between 1995 and 2004. Results: We identified 472 papers and 151 theses; from these, 1,067 authors were identified. Completed questionnaires were returned by 373 authors (35%), of whom 32 (9%) identified as Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander. The majority (80%) of respondents were active in research but only 38% considered Indigenous health to be their primary area of research. The most important attractive factor about Indigenous health research (IHR) selected by respondents was 'important area/national priority' (35%) and the most unattractive factor was 'politics' (30%). There was considerable ambivalence about recommending a career in IHR to an early career researcher. When asked what was required to attract researchers into IHR, respondents cited the need for improved institutional support, mentoring, long-term funding and sustainable career pathways. Conclusions and Implications: This study contributes to a greater understanding of Australia's research workforce in Indigenous health. It provides evidence of a strongly perceived need for institutional reform that supports Indigenous health research, for sustainable approaches to funding, and for mentoring initiatives for early career researchers. Key words: Research personnel; Australia; Aborigines, Australia; mentors. doi:10.1111/j.1753-6405.2008.00159.x

Published
2008

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