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Mathematical problem-solving ability is a critical skill required to meet the challenges of the 21st century, making it imperative for Indonesian students to master these skills. However, international assessments have consistently shown that Indonesian students' competencies, particularly in mathematical problem-solving, remain low. Research attributes this deficiency to the lack of connections between mathematical concepts and real-life applications, which are essential for enhancing problem-solving skills. On the other hand, Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) is a learning approach that emphasizes the integration of real-world contexts in learning activities and has been shown to improve these skills. Therefore, this study aims to develop a student worksheet based on the RME approach to enhance students' problem-solving abilities. The development process followed the ADDIE model, which includes the stages of analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. Various research and development instruments were employed, including validation by material and media experts, student assessments of the electronic worksheets, and pre-test and post-test evaluations. Data collection methods encompassed both non-test and test techniques. The results demonstrate that the developed student worksheets are valid, practical, and effective. The validity was confirmed by high average scores from material and media expert validators, categorizing the worksheets as valid. Practicality was supported by positive student assessments, placing the worksheets in the practical category. These findings indicate that the developed worksheets significantly enhance students' problem-solving abilities. This study provides empirical evidence supporting the effectiveness of the RME approach in improving mathematical problem-solving skills among Indonesian students. It also offers a theoretical and practical framework for advancing mathematics education in Indonesia, advocating for the adoption of learning approaches that better address the demands of the 21st century. Detailed analysis of the product's acceptability and impact will be discussed further in the paper.

Recognising the pivotal role of effective teaching practices in enhancing student learning outcomes, the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (NCTM) has outlined a comprehensive framework of key strategies. However, empirical research on these practices remains limited. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the extent to which mathematics teachers apply NCTM-identified effective teaching practices and examine potential differences attributable to teachers' gender and teaching experience. Adopting a quantitative approach and employing a descriptive survey, the study systematically assessed eight designated practices using a validated observation checklist in the Jazan Education Administration, observing 38 mathematics teachers during routine classes. The results indicated a moderate level of implementation overall, with ten practices demonstrating high application. Statistical analyses found no significant differences in practice implementation based on gender or teaching experience at the .05 level. The limitations included the study's relatively small sample size, potentially limiting generalisability, and the observational nature of the checklist, which may not fully capture nuanced teaching dynamics. Future research could focus on developing training initiatives to enhance educators' application of NCTM-recommended practices and undertake qualitative inquiries to understand barriers to integration and teachers' attitudes towards these practices. Finally, this study contributes to the discourse on effective mathematics teaching by providing empirical insights into current practices and highlighting avenues for further investigation and professional development in educational settings.

The majority of the religion adhered to by the population in Indonesia is Islam, where in Islam it has been ordered to all Muslims to consume, utilize and use something that is halal and also good including skincare. Skincare is a product of skin care outside the body with certain functions. However, people's knowledge of using halal skincare is still low, this is evidenced by the fact that they are still allowed to use skincare that does not have halal certification because these products are commonly used. This study aims to determine the level of knowledge of students of the Faculty of Health Sciences (FIKES) Muhammadiyah Lamongan University about halal skincare. This study used a descriptive observational research design, and the sample for this study was 2022 FIKES students, a total of 390 students. Sampling technique using purposive sampling. The instrument used was a closed questionnaire in the form of Google form. The results showed that the knowledge level of FIKES students about halal skincare was in the good category of 47.69%, the sufficient category was 46.16%, the less category was 6.15%. It can be concluded that the knowledge level of FIKES students at Muhammadiyah Lamongan University about halal skincare is in the good category.

The mission of positive psychology is to mitigate negative emotions while bolstering positive ones, thereby influencing student engagement in classroom learning activities, including mathematics. This study elucidates the Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) approach within the framework of Islamic teachings—specifically, inheritance law and charity—in the context of fractions and number operations. Its objective is to alleviate mathematics anxiety, a prevalent negative emotion, and enhance well-being during mathematical learning. Drawing upon flow theory from positive psychology, the research endeavors to optimize mathematical well-being by crafting appropriately challenging questions. Employing a descriptive qualitative methodology, the study focuses on an Indonesian mother and her ten-year-old son, residing in Uithoorn, Amsterdam, Netherlands, belonging to minority groups in ethnicity and identity, with religion being a significant aspect of their lives. Data collection involves observation, interviews, tests, and documentation, with analysis employing data reduction, presentation, triangulation, and verification techniques. The study utilizes socio-religious problems as a context, one of the characteristics of RME, such as inheritance division, to design mathematical challenges. The findings demonstrate a marked transition from math anxiety to math well-being, manifested through heightened enthusiasm and cheerfulness in learning mathematics, particularly by the mother. Noteworthy transformations include increased engagement, generous gestures towards the teacher, and frequent smiling, contrasting with previous instances of math anxiety during learning sessions. Furthermore, the results indicate that RME facilitates comprehension of mathematical concepts and fosters understanding of the intersection between mathematics and Islamic life among minority groups, as detailed in this article.

This investigation examines the development of rural communities, with a specific emphasis on participation, collaboration, and empowerment. A Creative Village (Creavill) serves as a prime example of effective, sustainable development through the implementation of economic and educational programs. The importance of community engagement in achieving comprehensive development cannot be overemphasized enough. This investigation endeavors to examine the social communication patterns amongst agriculturists and their influence on the assurance of sufficient food provisions and the enhancement of rural areas. The knowledge acquired provides important insights into strategies for enhancing resilience, especially in overcoming the challenges posed by disparities between urban and rural areas. This study focuses on the community development projects spearheaded by Creative Village, using qualitative research methodologies and case study analysis. The community’s empowerment is realized via the collaborative efforts of several sectors, including business and education. The case study of Garut Regency is an example of the success of a creative community that has effectively increased its income using new techniques. The sustained impact of empowerment requires continued commitment and cooperative participation from government agencies, communities, and outside organizations. The achievements of Creavill emphasize the importance of implementing sustainable practices. This directly supports the acceleration of comprehensive development and offers concrete solutions to economic and environmental issues faced by rural communities. This success is achieved through collaborative efforts across various complementary sectors. Keywords: Social communication, rural development, community, farmers, food security ABSTRAK Penelitian ini mengkaji proses pengembangan komunitas pedesaan, dengan fokus khusus pada konsep-konsep partisipasi, kolaborasi, dan pemberdayaan. Creavill berfungsi sebagai contoh utama pengembangan yang efektif dan berkelanjutan melalui pelaksanaan program ekonomi dan pendidikan. Pentingnya keterlibatan komunitas dalam mencapai pengembangan yang komprehensif tidak dapat ditekankan cukup. Penelitian ini berusaha memahami pola komunikasi sosial di antara petani dan bagaimana pola-pola ini mempengaruhi keamanan pangan dan kemajuan daerah pedesaan. Pengetahuan yang diperoleh memberikan wawasan penting ke dalam strategi untuk meningkatkan ketahanan, terutama dalam mengatasi tantangan yang ditimbulkan oleh disparitas antara area urban dan rural. Melalui penerapan metode penelitian kualitatif dan analisis studi kasus, investigasi berfokus pada inisiatif pengembangan komunitas yang dipimpin Creative Village. Penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa pemberdayaan komunitas dicapai melalui upaya bersama dari berbagai sektor, seperti bisnis dan pendidikan. Studi kasus Kabupaten Garut merupakan contoh keberhasilan komunitas kreatif yang secara efektif meningkatkan pendapatannya menggunakan teknik-teknik baru. Dampak pemberdayaan yang berkelanjutan membutuhkan komitmen dan partisipasi kerjasama yang terus menerus dari lembaga pemerintah, komunitas, dan organisasi luar. Keberhasilan Creavill menekankan pentingnya penerapan praktik berkelanjutan. Ini secara langsung mendukung percepatan pengembangan komprehensif dan menawarkan solusi konkret terhadap masalah ekonomi dan lingkungan yang dihadapi oleh komunitas pedesaan. Keberhasilan ini dicapai melalui upaya kolaboratif lintas berbagai sektor yang saling melengkapi. Kata Kunci: Komunikasi sosial, pembangunan pedesaan, masyarakat, petani, ketahanan pangan

Foundational mathematical concepts like ratios and proportions are indispensable for solving both everyday problems and those encountered in professional settings. However, many students need help to grasp and apply these concepts effectively, often due to ineffective teaching methods, variations in students' levels of comprehension, and shortcomings in existing learning models. Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) and Pendidikan Matematika Realistik Indonesia (PMRI) have emerged as promising solutions to address these challenges. This study aims to systematically review the literature on ratio and proportion learning design using RME and PMRI approaches. It focuses on three specific research inquiries: profiling the literature, analyzing employed learning designs, and identifying gaps and recommendations for further research in learning design development. Conducted through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach, the research involved planning, implementing, and disseminating review results. One hundred forty-four documents were scrutinized, leading to the identification of 19 pertinent papers. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the literature on learning design in the context of ratio, proportion, scale, and level, utilizing RME and PMRI approaches while highlighting research gaps and offering insights for future studies. Its findings hold significant implications for educators and researchers seeking to enhance mathematics education through RME and PMRI approaches.

Introduction. Ancient manuscripts are one of the nation's many cultural heritages with historical significance. As a result, conservation measures must be implemented, one of which is the transfer of digital media. The purpose of this study is to learn about the efforts made to transfer Gandoang ancient manuscripts to Ciamis. Data Collection Methods. This study employs a qualitative case study approach, with data collected through observation techniques and semi-structured interviews with three informants. Data Analysis. Through Miles and Hubberman data analysis techniques; researchers organize, organize, and categorize them. Result and Discussion. The findings of this study indicate that, as part of the management's effort to preserve the Gandoang ancient manuscripts in collaboration with Tapak Karuhun Nusantara Foundation, converting them into a digital form into an e-book can be considered effective and efficient. The ancient manuscripts in this fragile state can now be preserved, allowing their existence to be used for a long time. Conclusion. Because of the internet, which allows everyone to read it wherever and whenever they want, the Gandoang e-book has proven to be more popular in the public. However, many ancient manuscripts in the Ciamis still require the attention of various parties due to their endangered state.

This Research used the primary quantitative methods SMART PLS cross sectional survey with sample of 150 responden customer had purchased product through market place shoppe .The selection of respondents customer is was carried out by quantitative techniques, online customer ratings seem to have a positive and significant influence on impulse buying, as indicated by a t-statistic value of 3.573. This suggests that higher online ratings lead to increased impulse buying , there's a significant influence between flash sales and impulse buying, with a t-statistic value of 2.867. This implies that when products are offered in flash sales, there's a notable increase in impulse purchase hedonic shopping motives also show a positive and significant effect on impulse buying, with a t-statistic value of 3.147. This indicates that when people are motivated by pleasure-seeking or experiential factors while shopping, they tend to engage in more impulse buying. Keyword: online customer rating, flash sale, hedonic shoping, impulse buying

Reducing the incidence of childbirth complications requires family participation, especially from husbands, consistent with government policies and strategies aimed at reducing childbirth complications in Indonesia through the Making Pregnancy Safer (MPS) program. The approach to increasing husbands' involvement in reproductive health includes providing them with information and involving them in all efforts to improve reproductive health. One activity husbands can undertake to improve maternal and child health is accompanying their wives during labor and supporting referrals when necessary. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of labor assistance using the SUMPING (Supporting Husband as a Companion) E-Module compared to labor assistance without using the SUMPING E-Module on the duration of labor. The research design was a quasi-experiment with a control group that only underwent the post-test. The instruments used included a checklist and a partograph sheet. Data collection occurred during the post-test. The study involved 120 respondents, all of whom were birth attendants (husbands) at PMB Tanjungpinang. Analysis was conducted using the Independent Samples t-test. Statistical tests using the independent samples t-test revealed a significant difference (p=0.000) in the length of labor between those with full and those with non-full assistance in the treatment group. In the control group, there was no significant difference (p=0.039) between husbands who provided full assistance and those who did not. Husband support can shorten the duration of labor. Husbands who had access to the SUMPING E-Module reported greater involvement in assistance during labor than those without the SUMPING E-Module.

The problem of many unused library materials in a library may be due to the mismatch of the collection with the needs of library users. Some users are not satisfied with the library because the collection or information available in the library does not match what they want. So it is necessary to find out the needs of users so that all collections can be utilized properly by users because it suits their needs. The purpose of this research is to find out the analysis of user needs in the library. This research uses a narrative literature review method from references related to the topic of user needs analysis in libraries with a total of 10 references analyzed. Public libraries, national libraries, school libraries, college libraries, and special libraries will all be included in this study. The characteristics of library users differ depending on their information needs and background. In essence, the public are the main users of the library. People who utilize the library have a wide range of needs, including students, lecturers, teachers, staff, and the general public. User needs analysis activities conducted by libraries are done in various ways such as interviews, observations, case studies, and others. The community acts as the main user of the library. The community will assist the library in every user needs analysis activity. Therefore, the community will also determine the collections that must be in the library according to their respective information needs. This research will produce user needs analysis activities that have been carried out by various libraries with different users according to the type of library. Keyword: Analysis of user needs, collections, libraries

The purpose of this study is to analyze the events of the Soviet Union's espionage arrest in Indonesia in 1982. The formulation of the problem in this research is (1) The Soviet Union's Efforts to Steal Indonesian Maritime Data, (2) The Process of the Soviet Union's Intelligence Arrests for Espionage in Indonesia, and (3) the Settlement of the Soviet Union's Espionage Case in Indonesia in 1982. The method used is historical methodology which includes five selection steps including topics, heuristics, source criticism, interpretation and historiography. The Soviet Union's espionage arrest occurred in 1982 which was carried out by a task force codenamed Pantai, a joint effort between the State Intelligence Coordinating Agency (BAKIN) and a task force led by Brigadier General M.I Sutaryo. The cause of the Soviet Union's espionage arrest was an attempt to steal Indonesia's secret deep data regarding the condition, content and depth of the sea in the Lombok Strait and the Natuna Islands. The perpetrators of Soviet espionage who were caught by the Beach task force named Sergei Egorov and Alexander Finenko. The case settlement process was carried out by giving persona non-grata status and closing the Soviet Union's Aeroflot airline operating in Indonesia. Keywords: Espionage Arrest, Soviet Union Espionage, Data Theft

This article analyzes a phenomenon found in rural communities in Subang district: the tradition of Gintingan. The Gintingan is a tradition of donating from one family to a family that will or is holding a celebration. Despite modern times, the tradition lives on due to the ownership of society's social capital. By employing a qualitative strategy coupled with a phenomenological technique, this study examines the effects of putting a traditional practice into action. Mutual trust between individuals is crucial in this case, as they exchange goods with each other repeatedly and contribute to helping Sohibul Hajat. Village communities boast a robust social network that serves various common and personal goals. Despite the tradition remaining constant, everything surrounding it transformed, such as invites, track records of attendees, and the design of dinnerware and barbecues, acquiring contemporary sensibilities. Evidently, society adapts to modernity while holding onto tradition.

Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) is an infectious disease that is endemic and has a significant impact on dairy farming in Indonesia. In reducing the impact caused by FMD, proper handling by veterinarians is necessary. The peripheral blood smear can be used as a data reference to give priority to the right treatment for cattle with FMD. This study aimed to describe the appearance of peripheral blood smears in cattle with FMD. The study data were obtained from 15 cattle with FMD at KPSBU Lembang, West Bandung, West Java, Indonesia. The morphological profile of the blood was examined using the peripheral blood smear method. Morphological abnormalities found in the peripheral blood smear of red blood cells were anisocytosis (microcytosis and macrocytosis), poikilocytosis (achanthocytosis and echinocytosis), and hypochromasia. Different morphological abnormalities of leukocytes can be caused by anorexia due to FMD secondary to lack of nutritional intake. To determine an effective and efficient treatment, it is recommended that veterinarians refer to the results of this study.

Foot and mouth disease (FMD) is a widespread infectious disease that significantly affects the dairy farming sector in Indonesia. In reducing the impact caused by FMD, proper treatment performed by veterinarians is necessary. Hematological profile can be used as a data reference to prioritize dairy cattle infected with FMD. This study aimed to describe the hematological profile in dairy cattle with FMD infection. This study was collected data from 15 dairy cattle with FMD infection at Koperasi Peternak Sapi Bandung Utara (KPSBU), Lembang, West Bandung, West Java, Indonesia. Parameters observed in the hematology analyzer were the numbers of erythrocytes, leukocytes, lymphocytes, neutrophils, platelets, hemoglobin, hematocrit, MCV, MCH, MCHC, RDW, and MPV. The results of the examination of hematological profile showed various numbers. It found lymphopenia, neutrophilia, and high MPV values. It was suggested for veterinarians to refer to this study's results to determine an effective and efficient treatment.

Mathematical creative thinking skill often becomes the orientation of mathematics learning, aiming to enhance students’ creativity in mathematics. Recognizing that creativity encompasses the capacity for thinking creatively and creativity disposition is essential. Building on this conceptual foundation, the primary objective of this study is to develop a comprehensive model illustrating the relationship between students' aptitude for mathematical creative thinking and their creative disposition. The research methodology employed in this study aligned with the framework of cause-and-effect analysis. The study cohort consisted of 36 students, carefully selected by a cluster random sampling technique. The research instruments included a mathematical creative thinking ability assessment and a creative disposition scale. The data was analyzed using the Non-Recursive Structural Equation Modeling. The results showed the reciprocal cause-and-effect dynamic between mathematical creative thinking ability and creative disposition, exhibiting a mutually influential relationship with determination coefficients of 21.83% and 21.05%. This shows that mathematical creative thinking ability is better at explaining mathematical creative disposition than mathematical creative disposition explaining mathematical creative thinking ability, with a relatively small difference (0.78%). This study also concluded that an optimal approach to mathematics pedagogy entails a balanced and simultaneous focus on nurturing mathematical creative thinking ability and disposition.

The study material on circle areas is contextually oriented and aids students in comprehending their surrounding environment. Higher-order thinking skills are imperative for the success of circular learning, as they help students grasp concepts holistically and solve concept problems. "What-if" questions can enhance students' higher-order thinking skills through problem-solving activities, fostering critical and creative thinking. However, applying "what-if" questions is limited to serving as problem-posing triggers, resulting in minimal variation in the material. Therefore, this study aims to design a learning trajectory for the area of circles based on "what-if" questions to enhance students' higher-order thinking skills. This research also addresses the gap by utilizing "what-if" questions to construct and evaluate circle area learning activities. We employed design research as the research method, conducted in three stages: preliminary design, experimental design, and retrospective analysis. The results demonstrated that the designed learning trajectory enhanced higher-order thinking skills in various aspects. Students exhibited critical thinking and profound analysis when working on worksheets and addressing the provided problems. Moreover, students showcased creative and divergent thinking abilities, enabling them to generate alternative problem solutions. Furthermore, optimizing technology usage and emphasizing reasoning in learning should be augmented to enhance student motivation and foster innovative learning.

Several studies have highlighted the existence of demotivated teachers in schools. There are several demotivating factors that influence the decisions and commitment that a teacher can acquire. The literature review allows us to characterize the factors that different authors identify to explain teacher demotivation. This article aims to analyze some of the factors that influence mathematics teachers' demotivation and the evaluation of the degree of demotivation in relation to work environment, teaching autonomy, extrinsic values, and students. The information was collected from a questionnaire consisting of 24 items, which was given to 121 active Albanian teachers teaching at different levels of education. These data were analyzed using a quantitative methodology. The independent variables gender, teacher's age, qualification, pupils' age, and type of school are also considered to perform a multivariate analysis. From the results obtained, we can state that the factors that generate the greatest demotivation are textbooks, political conversion and corruption, aspects related to the curriculum, and the costs they must bear. In addition, school status, curriculum changes, meritocracy, material costs, autonomy, and research significantly explain the demotivation of public sector teachers. It highlights the need to seek structured responses aimed at regulating teaching careers.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, the process of teaching and learning had to be conducted online, such as through Zoom meetings, due to physical meeting restrictions, including in higher education. However, this was not entirely effective due to various factors, such as individual student learning preferences. To enhance comprehension, students utilized video-sharing platforms like YouTube, which, as it turns out, was effective. Hence, this study aims to investigate what factors motivate students (both school and university students) to continue using YouTube as a learning medium post-COVID-19 pandemic. A theoretical lens of the Expectation Confirmation Model is used with the addition of external variables: Perceived Herd and Parasocial Interaction. A total of 242 respondents from both educational levels in Manokwari Regency were obtained and analyzed using Partial Least Square - Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM). The study's results explain that students experience satisfaction in using YouTube, which motivates them in Manokwari to continue using it as a learning medium post-COVID-19. This satisfaction is influenced by variables such as confirmation (C), perceived usefulness (PU), and perceived herd (PH). However, the PU factor's impact on continuance usage (CU) has a t-statistic value 0.05, indicating it lacks significant influence. There is also a rejection of the parasocial interaction (PI) variable's influence on satisfaction (S). Furthermore, the use of control variables such as age and gender has shown significant influence on this study, with research findings indicating that age and gender significantly impact satisfaction and continuance usage. Keywords: Control Variables, COVID-19, Expectation Confirmation Model, Parasocial Interaction, Perceived Herd, YouTube

Conventional teaching methods have been noted to stifle student creativity potentially. In contrast, Cooperative learning, characterized by group-based activities, fosters an interactive and communicative learning atmosphere. Embracing the principles of Cooperative learning, the Start from Reading (SfR) model can be applied to Quranic studies in Islamic higher education institutions. This study assessed the efficacy of the SfR learning model in improving student learning outcomes in the Qur'an interpretation course at the Arabic Language Education Studi Program (ALESP), UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung. Employing a quasi-experimental design, the research analyzed pre-test and post-test scores from experimental and control groups. Findings revealed a significant increase in post-test scores, rising from an average of 70.00 in pre-tests to 77.15, highlighting the effectiveness of the SfR model in enhancing student learning. These outcomes emphasize the importance of incorporating the SfR model into Quranic education, potentially enriching student learning experiences and achievements in this academic domain.

Situ Cisanti is one of the hundreds of ecotourism objects in Indonesia. The local Government's ecotourism development continues to intensify by involving the surrounding community in Tarumajaya Village. This study focuses on the role of the community around Situ Cisanti in the development of ecotourism to improve the local economy. Using qualitative methods and interviewing some participants, the results of this study found that the community around Situ Cisanti has actively participated in ecotourism development activities. This is evidenced by the high level of community enthusiasm when participating in community role optimization activities organized by the Government and local managers. In addition, in terms of the economic aspect, the community around Situ Cisanti shows an increase. This is demonstrated by the concrete actions of the community who have become economic actors around the Situ Cisanti ecotourism object. The community takes advantage of the existence of tourism in the form of stalls, culinary, coffee, souvenirs and homestays owned by local communities. The most use of ecotourism is in the form of recruitment of casual daily employees, construction workers, shop businesses, coffee businesses, culinary businesses, souvenir businesses, parking businesses and motorcycle taxis. This research contributes mainly to researchers and policy makers about the integration of community participation management in the development of ecotourism in various locations in Indonesia.

This descriptive quantitative study explored secondary school students’ reasons for receiving or not receiving private mathematics tutoring. It also explored the prevalent teaching methods private mathematics tutors use. A questionnaire was adapted to collect data from 1,309 Year 7 to Year 12 students (ages 11 to 17 years) in three countries: Brunei, Indonesia, and Iraq. The results highlight that students may receive private mathematics tutoring to pass national examinations and improve examination scores. Teachers also adapt to teaching approaches that enable students to achieve these teaching and learning goals. This study provides an initial understanding of the common reasons and teaching methods used in private mathetics tutoring across different contexts that prioritise high-stakes examination culture. The results provide implications for how private mathematics tutoring can be used to support effective teaching and learning compared to the high-stakes reasons it seems it promotes. The results also accentuate the need for families and other stakeholders to reconsider private mathematics tutoring as an opportunity to remediate the challenges students encounter in their normal classroom instruction to improve student learning.

The valorisation fine coal waste is still very limited in creating energy, especially syngas. This study aims to convert fine coal waste into synthetic gas via gasification using catalyst. Fine coal gasification takes place at 350 – 750 °C in an updraft gasifier using catalyst of 12.5 – 25 wt% natural zeolite. The research results show that the addition of zeolite has synergy with increasing temperature. The syngas produced at 750 °C and 12.5 wt% zeolite consisted of 32 vol% H2, 30.1 vol% CO, 27.7 vol% CH4 and 5.1 vol% CO2. The carbon conversion efficiency and high heating value (HHV) of synthetic gas are 88.34% and 18.97 MJ/Nm³. Fine coal has the potential to be reused as an energy source in the future.

The legal framework for ASEAN cooperation in combating the crime of trafficking in persons, particularly women and children, led to the establishment of the ASEAN Convention Against Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children (ACTIP). This convention recognises that trafficking constitutes a violation of human rights and a crime against human dignity. However, the implementation of ACTIP faces numerous challenges that require strategic solutions. This research aims to examine the implementation of the ACTIP policy concerning human trafficking, assess ASEAN's efforts in tackling trafficking in women and children in the Southeast Asian region, and criticise the implementation of ACTIP. The research adopts a descriptive-normative method. The ACTIP Convention regulates provisions for dealing with trafficking problems, both prevention and handling, which are the responsibility of the central and local governments as well as the community by establishing various task forces in the implementation of prevention and control of human trafficking that occurs. ASEAN has taken several steps in the fight against human trafficking. Many obstacles must be faced to eradicate the criminal act of trafficking in persons. So. it is necessary to take several actions in implementing the ACTIP. ASEAN Members must cooperate either bilaterally or multilaterally so that the ACTIP arrangement can be implemented effectively.

Nowadays, digital technologies are crucial in supporting students in geometry in secondary mathematics classrooms. However, in some cases, the role of visual function in technology was only utilized for seeing and conjecturing, not for experimenting, while to develop a relational understanding of geometry concepts, students should actively participate in the learning process. To address the issue, this study investigated how students learn geometry with digital technology assistance based on students' diversity in their mathematics abilities. A task with a dynamic geometry software called Techno-based Mathematical Tasks (TbMT) was designed to assist students in exploring geometrical activities and solving a problem through investigations on tessellation. This research employs educational design research and focuses on the preliminary design by conducting a pilot study on three students based on the diversity in their ability in mathematics classrooms, i.e., low, middle, and high. As part of data collection, we captured students' works to examine critical information in their responses based on their differences in abilities. We collected the data through online meetings and recorded the data. We analyzed students' work from the recording by capturing critical information. The results revealed that the TbMT might provide students with opportunities to learn by exploring tessellation activities that might contribute to students' understanding of geometry concepts. Due to the limited number of participants in this study, further research can be an opportunity to expand the number of participants to enhance the contribution to the literature with more comprehensive empirical evidence.

Mathematical communication is crucial in inclusive mathematics teaching and learning to convey mathematical symbols. However, teaching mathematical symbols to deaf students in inclusive classrooms has been a persistent challenge due to the lack of specialized sign language for mathematical expressions. Media, such as SPECOMATSO technology, can serve as a bridge to address this issue. This research focused on developing valid and practical SPECOMATSO technology to strengthen students’ literacy and facilitate the delivery of mathematical symbols, which previously posed difficulties for teachers in inclusive settings. The research combined the Alessi Trollip and V-waterfall models, encompassing seven development stages: analysis, design, implementation, unit testing, integration testing, system testing, and acceptance testing. The research instruments included observation and interview guidelines, a product validation questionnaire, and a student response questionnaire. This study produces SPECOMATSO technology that is valid and practical for learning plane geometry and angles in mathematics. Although this development still needs improvement in fixative abilities, such as storage and editing functions, it is expected to strengthen digital literacy and stimulate mathematical communication among deaf students who face challenges related to their limited auditory capabilities.

As one of the world's coal producers, Indonesia continues to increase its coal production. The purpose of this study is to identify and analyze the characteristics of coal that has the potential to produce acid mine drainage. The research method is coal mapping and zoning based on formation, observation, and description of coal characteristics, coal sampling, ultimate and proximate testing, and analysis. The results of the study describe the characteristics of coal related to distribution in the early stages of evaluating the potential for acid mine formation, besides that it can be used as a basis for classifying the potential for acid mine drainage which has a high enough total sulfur based on the results of testing on 15 samples. To prevent the reaction to acid mine drainage, it can be based on the geochemical characteristics of coal by constructing a mine reservoir or making water drainage in a mine that is not close to the stockpile, because there is a possibility that water has the potential to form acid mine drainage (AMD) when it comes in contact with coal potential. So that coal does not have the potential to be a source of acid mine drainage.

The low ability of students to understand and transform the concept of reflection to solve everyday problems is the main problem with learning mathematics because the implementation of learning mathematics is mechanical. Mathematics is taught by conveying formulas practically without linking them to students' daily activities. For this reason, this study aims to design a reflection learning trajectory in the context of the Lipa Sabbe Bunga Caramming motif as a starting point in learning to help students understand reflection material for solving everyday problems. The method used in this study is design research, which consists of three stages: preliminary design, design trials, and retrospective analysis. The subjects of this study were 23 students in class VIII-A of SMP Negeri 1 Tanasitolo. The instruments used in this study were student activity sheets (LAS), learning achievement tests, and interview guidelines. Student activity data during learning were analyzed retrospectively, and learning outcomes data were analyzed descriptively. The results of this study found that the learning trajectory of transformation geometry using the context of the lipa sabbe bunga caramming motif has four learning stages: (1) informal; (2) modes of; (3) modes of; and (4) formal. The learning stages can easily increase students' understanding of the concept of reflection. In the learning process, mathematical concepts are connected with daily habits, so students are enthusiastic and active in the learning process. This learning trajectory can assist teachers in optimizing learning so that students can easily understand the concept of reflection, equip them with critical thinking skills, and shape their character (cooperation, empathy, respect for others, awareness of social problems, a social spirit, and responsibility).

The research entitled Implementation of Open Courseware Services in Telkom University Open Library as a Free Learning Media aims to obtain a clear picture of the steps for implementing Open Courseware Open Library Services. This research is motivated by the motivation of Open Library to provide information and provide easy access to information by providing free learning in the form of learning video content for the general public through the Open Library open courseware service. In this study using a case study approach with qualitative research methods equipped with data collection techniques through observation, interviews and documentation. The Open Library opencourseware service was used as the object of research and 4 informants in this study were used as research subjects. Based on the analysis of research data and drawing conclusions, the results of this study indicate that the steps for implementing the open courseware Open Library service consist of planning, collecting references, entering data, setting topics, processing or production, controlling material, storing data, reporting editing results, review of learning content, storage and posting of learning materials. In implementing the open courseware Open Library service, there are influencing elements consisting of the communicator, message, context, media, and recipient.

This study aims to analyze the mathematical literacy ability of SMK students in solving the minimum competency assessment (AKM) problem in the opportunity material in terms of mathematical cognitive ability. The subjects in this study were students of class XI MM 2 SMKN 1 Wonoasri with high, medium and low mathematical cognitive abilities of 1 subject each. This type of research is qualitative research. Data collection techniques based on the results of cognitive tests, AKM and interviews. Data validity techniques with engineering triangulation. Data analysis is carried out by reducing, presenting and verifying data and drawing conclusions. The conclusion of the study is that the cognitive subjects of high mathematics at level 1 write down information in detail, level 2 uses coding and solves problems by dividing them, level 3 solves problems by simplification and multiplication. The cognitive subject of mathematics is at level 1 writing down information briefly, level 2 uses coding and solves problems by simplification, level 3 solves problems by simplification and division. The cognitive subject of low mathematics at level 1 writes down the information briefly, level 2 problem solving performed has not been completed, level 3 problem solving is not in accordance with the command.

This article discusses the art of Ta'buta'an in the village of Kamal which was originally a means of ritual in the village's cleaning tradition.Research problem: (1) What is the background of the emergence of Ta'buta'an art in Kamal village, (2) What are the dynamics of the elements and functions of the Ta''buta''an art in Kamal Village from 2006 to 2020. The research methods use is Historical methods which include selection, heuristic, criticism, interpretation and historiography. The purpose of this study is to examine the background Ta'buta'an art in Kamal village, Arjasa sub-district, Jember district and Assessing the dynamics of the elements of Ta'buta'an art in Kamal village, sub-district Arjasa Jember Regency from 2006 to 2020. Results of this study show that the background of the Ta'buta'an Tradition comes from the cleaning village ritual which is held routinely every year. Starting from the belief of the people in ancient times there were famines and illnesses. along with the times, the Ta'buta'an tradition has turned into an artistic medium starting in 2006. Ta'buta'an underwent a change from what was originally a ritual tradition to become an artistic means in 2006, then experienced developments in terms of function and elements until 2020. Keywords : Art, Ta’buta’an, Kamal Village, Jember

Equations are often used in mathematics and other subjects, which means that a media can teach students how to solve equations, particularly linear equations of two variables, or Sistem Persamaan Linear Dua Variabel (SPLDV) as it is called in Indonesian, is needed. However, most teachers are still focused on developing the learning process and teaching materials rather than developing an application technology-based learning media. As we know that technology-based learning is currently the focus of teaching and learning activities in the digital era, especially learning after the pandemic. This study aimed to develop an application that can be a reference for teaching media in learning activities to improve students’ mathematical understanding and ability. The developed application is named, Integrated and Convenient Android-based Simulation or Simulasi Android Terpadu dan Nyaman, abbreviated as SANTUY. This development study with Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation (ADDIE) model, explained in detail in the paper, took seventy-five subjects consisting of six expert validators, nine users, and sixty students. The expert validators comprised three media experts and three material experts. The evaluation stage involved students from two groups, each consisting of thirty students. The results showed that the average percentage of the feasibility of the SANTUY SPLDV solution simulation-assisted application with differential learning nuance was 79.62%, which means the application is adequate. The level of usefulness of the SANTUY SPLDV solution simulation-assisted application with differential learning nuance was 86.11%, which is categorized as “excellent”. In addition, using the SANTUY SPLDV application had a direct positive influence on improving students’ mathematical understanding and ability.

Makalah ini membahas tentang pengembangan aplikasi mobile untuk pengisian daya kendaraan listrik, yang diberi nama SONIKApp. SONIKApp digunakan untuk melakukan reservasi dan pengendalian pengisian daya secara remote. Fitur reservasi diperlukan mengingat pengisian daya baterai kendaraan listrik membutuhkan waktu tunggu serta masih terbatasnya stasiun pengisian kendaraan listrik umum (SPKLU) di Indonesia. Fitur pengisian daya berbasis remote juga merupakan fitur penting yang memungkinkan pengguna untuk mengendalikan proses pengisian daya kendaraan listrik. SONIKApp juga terhubung dengan sistem manajemen SPKLU berbasis standar OCPP 1.6 secara real-time sehingga data yang ada di aplikasi selalu merupakan data terkini. Aplikasi ini dikembangkan dengan kerangka kerja front-end React Native, sehingga dapat berjalan di atas sistem operasi Android dan iOS. Hasil yang diperoleh adalah terciptanya aplikasi mobile SONIKApp yang memudahkan pengguna dalam pengisian daya kendaraan listrik. Telah dilakukan pengujian SONIKApp untuk fitur reservasi dan pengisian daya secara remote berdasarkan OCPP 1.6, dan hasilnya adalah aplikasi SONIKApp telah berhasil mengimplementasikan fitur-fitur tersebut. Abstract This paper discusses the development of a mobile application for charging electric vehicles, which is named SONIKApp. SONIKApp is used to make reservations and control charging remotely. The reservation feature is required considering that charging electric vehicle batteries requires waiting time and there are still inadequate number of public electric vehicle charging stations (SPKLU) available in Indonesia. The remote-based charging feature is also an important that allows users to control the process of charging electric vehicles from the applications. SONIKApp is also connected in real-time to the SPKLU management system based on the OCPP 1.6 standard so that the data presented in the application is always up-to-date. This application is developed with the React Native front-end framework, so it can run on both Android and iOS operating systems. We have successfully created the SONIKApp mobile application which makes it easier for users to charge electric vehicles. SONIKApp has been tested for reservation and remote charging features based on OCPP 1.6, and the result is that the SONIKApp application has successfully implemented these features.

Introduction. This research aims to identify and understand the sharing of knowledge in improving health literacy of breastfeeding mothers at AyahASI Indonesia. Data Collection Methods. This research used a qualitative method with case study approach. Data collection techniques were carried out through observations, interviews and literature studies. Data Analysis. Data analysis technique was conducted using the knowledge conversion theory. The stages of data analysis included description, reduction, and selection. Subject of this research is one founder and two followers. Results and Discussion. Findings of this study explain that the knowledge sharing process at AyahASI Indonesia includes socialization, externalization, combination, and internalization. Results involve managers and followers in sharing knowledge either through direct communication such as gatherings or indirect communication such as using social media. Several obstacles faced were the use of language, scope of implementation, unethical milk marketing formulas, funds, and human resources. Conclusion. Knowledge sharing activities at AyahASI Indonesia aims to improve health literacy of breastfeeding mothers in order to be successful in providing breast milk to children. Suggestions can be started by forming a more reliable management system, expanding members to areas that have not been reached, selective in choosing words and collaborating with more health workers.

Background: Epidermal parasitic skin diseases (EPSDs) are a group of neglected infectious diseases caused by parasites that infect the upper layer of the skin. A parasitic infection of the skin is caused by small insects or worms that burrow into the skin to live there or lay their eggs. EPSDs are a public health issue and can occur in children of all ages. Purpose: This study aims to describe the pattern and incidences of parasitic skin infections in children. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study utilizing medical records from the Dermatology and Venereology Clinic of Dr. Harjono Ponorogo General Public Hospital from 2016 to 2020. Result: Our study showed that, of the 1426 children brought to our clinic, parasitic infection was the second most common skin disease found in children with a prevalence of 27.1%. Parasitic infection in children was dominated by males with a proportion of 69.7%, and occurred mostly in the ≥13-year-old age group. Among all ages, scabies is the most frequent parasitic infection found, followed by cutaneous larva migrant (CLM) and pediculosis. Conclusion: The prevalence of EPSDs is increasing with age and is more common in males. This high prevalence is probably due to increased intensity of contact with other people, decreased parental care, and low socio-economic status.

PT Pegadaian officially internalizes PT Pegadaian Personnel with CHARACTERISTICS who uphold the values of Trust, Competence, Harmonious, Loyal, Adaptive and Collaborative, as standards of ethical values that serve as guidelines in working culture in realizing the spirit of BUMN for Indonesia.Ethics is important because it fulfills a basic human need when every employee wants to be and work for a fair and ethical organization. An organization perceived to be motivated by AKHLAK values is respected even by people in society who may have little understanding of the job and the business or organization. Its employees also respect values-driven organizations. This is a typical human resource on a network that places workers and decision makers. In addition, an organization driven by ethics and values is long term efficient. The sample used is the employees of PT Pegadaian as many as 200 samples. The results show that the indicators of AKHLAK values regarding work perfection, cooperation, human values of honesty and focus on customers based on the perception of pawnshop employees show good results. With AKHLAK values, it is hoped that it can improve the quality of employees so that it has an impact on the quality of employees' work.

Due to the poor instruction process during the Covid-19 Pandemic, especially in mathematics, students frequently need help with data literacy. To overcome these obstacles, they must improve their thinking skills. This study aims to enhance the quality of mathematics instruction, especially students' thinking skills, by implementing Lesson Study to develop sharing and jumping tasks. This qualitative descriptive research was conducted at one of the senior high schools and universities in Manokwari, West Papua, with their students as the research subject. The lesson study was implemented in two cycles through instruction at school and lectures at the university. The lesson study consists of three processes: plan, do, and see. The hypothetical learning trajectory was developed at the lesson design stage and then tested at the teaching-learning stage. The open class results were then analyzed during the reflection step to redesign the sharing and jumping tasks. The success of the research was determined through field notes taken from teachers and students. The frequency distribution table is used as the topic matter. The findings revealed that students' thinking skills developed, indicating they were more interested than in the previous teaching and learning process. The learning process was more exciting and enhanced conceptual comprehension. Because learning was communicable, students were more satisfied. They were more engaged and required further thought to comprehend the topic matter. Also, they produce a variety of responses, which is only feasible if they are capable of critical thought.

SMP Bina Taruna only has social media on Instagram with the account name smp_binataruna.official. The account has 288 followers and 67 following. Apart from that, the number of posts uploaded is still small, only 19 feed posts have been posted since March 24th. In addition, when viewed from a visual perspective, it still does not represent the image of SMP Bina Taruna. There is still no graphic that unites every visual that is created. Visual assets in the form of photos or videos that are made also do not represent the message to be conveyed. Therefore, an integrated promotion strategy is needed, which can later be implemented in several adequate promotional media. As well as being able to increase awareness of SMP Bina Taruna

Applying critical thinking is an essential skill in the 21st century. However, teaching materials that do not facilitate students to improve these skills impact the achievement of learning objectives. Therefore, educators need appropriate teaching materials that encourage students to enhance their thinking skills. This study aims to develop teaching materials based on Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) to improve students’ critical thinking skills. The development model used is ADDIE consisting of Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation phases. The instruments used, consist of validated student worksheets based on material experts and media experts, pretest questions, posttest questions, and the practicality of student worksheets. The results showed that the student worksheets developed were feasible regarding validity, practicality, and effectiveness. The validity of the student worksheets is indicated by the average score of two material expert validators and two media expert validators, each of which is in the good and excellent categories. The practicality of the student worksheets is denoted by the average value of student assessments included in the practical category. Then its effectiveness is shown by increasing students’ critical thinking skills after being given intervention using the student worksheets.

Clay soil is a type of soil that has characteristics, namely low carrying capacity and large swelling and shrinkage, this makes clay soil a poor material for construction work. Civil building construction subgrade shear strength and California Bearing ratio (CBR) value influence the planning of a building. CBR is a comparison between the test load and the Standard Load and is expressed as a percentage. The CBR value was developed to measure the bearing capacity, soil load. The soil stabilization process includes mixing with gypsum material (C2SO4) to obtain the desired gradation so that soil properties become better with calcium levels which bind organic matter soil to clay and also absorb more water which is very useful for strengthening the soil. Testing the California Bearing Ratio (CBR) and direct shear strength of the soil (Direct Shear Test) by adding a different percentage of Gypsum (CaSO4) occurs in the addition of 6% Gypsum in 56 collisions with a value of 48%, in collisions 10 and 25 times the CBR value Optimum occurs in the percentage of 7% gypsum with a value of 27.48% and 28.5%, and the effect of adding gypsum on the cohesion value and the optimum internal friction angle occurs in the addition of 6% lime with a value of 0.017 MPa and 24.93o.

Representation in mathematics is essential as a basis for students to be able to understand and apply mathematical ideas. This study aims to describe how students produce different representations in solving word problems. In solving word problems, students make verbal–written representations, image representations, and symbol representations. This research uses a qualitative descriptive study involving 75 fifth-grade students at one of the private schools in Makassar, Indonesia. Setting and Participants: two subjects were chosen from 75 participants based on the completion of word problems that resulted in different representations, including verbal–written representations, picture representations, and symbol representations. The instruments used were word problems and interview sheets, although some other students only used one or two forms of mathematical representation. The results of this study indicate that, from the different representations produced that include verbal–written representations, image representations, and symbol representations, students carry out the process of translation, integration, solution, and evaluation until finding answers. In addition, other findings were students’ ‘mathematical literacy which immensely helped the students’ representation process in solving word problems. three forms of representation were found to be produced by students: verbal–written, image representation, and symbol representation. Furthermore, the three forms of representation were created through carrying out four representation processes, namely the processes of translation, integration, solution, and evaluation.

Financial literacy is a knowledge and attitude about finance and is a 21st-century skill. As a knowledge, a cognitive factor of a person will impact their financial literacy skill. Through a bibliometric analysis study of 274 documents published from 1994 to 2022 in the Scopus database, we found that mathematics literacy is the cognitive factor of one's financial literacy skill. The OECD and several studies offer intertwined concepts, financial literacy and mathematics, to be presented in the mathematics curriculum in primary and secondary schools. After we got the bibliometric results, we surveyed several junior high schools in Yogyakarta to learn more about this issue. A total of 15 mathematics teachers participated in this survey, randomly chosen in junior high school. We got information stating that mathematics teachers used financial terms as a social arithmetic context, did not teach financial knowledge and attitudes, and never heard 13 from 17 financial terms in the survey. Furthermore, we present a framework for implementing financial literacy in mathematics through three dimensions, content, context, and process. The dimension content consists of mathematics' and financial content. On the other hand, the dimension context is related to education and work, home and family, and individual and societal. As a cognitive process, the dimensions of the process are based on Bloom's Cognitive stages. The potential for future research is developing learning activities and implementing them in the independent curriculum, which impacts schools' ability to use project-based learning, which is the most approach to implementing financial literacy in mathematics classes.

The COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia requires teachers and students to perform learning activities online. Meanwhile, teachers use a variety of technology products in the classroom without paying attention to the didactic, pedagogical, and content aspects. This is due to time constraints and short learning adjustments that should be flexible to this pandemic. Therefore, this research provides an alternative by exploring the potential of augmented reality as a didactic and pedagogical source in learning geometry. An exploratory case study design was used to reveal this potential, while three mathematics teachers and twenty-six students from three schools in Indramayu Regency, Indonesia, participated in the research. Data from observations and documentation were checked, extracted, entered verbatim, and coded. The results of the interview data were analyzed using the content analysis method, while those from the geometry understanding test and student response questionnaires used descriptive analysis. Consequently, the research results showed that augmented reality was useful as an alternative didactic and pedagogical source of learning geometry during the COVID-19 pandemic. This conclusion was based on the reason, first characteristically augmented reality technology can be integrated with textbooks or certain learning methods. Second, the results of the geometry understanding test showed that there were more students who answered the questions correctly than the students who answered incorrectly. Third, the results of questionnaires and interviews showed that students had a positive attitude during the geometry learning process. Therefore, the researcher believes that the use of augmented reality is worthy of being an alternative didactic and pedagogical source and has the potential to be applied to other subjects both during the COVID-19 pandemic and after the COVID-19 pandemic.

In implementing Ethnomathematics-Realistic Mathematics Education (Ethno-RME), teaching mathematics correctly is needed through learning practices in teaching and learning activities. This pedagogical activity requires guidance in the form of a curriculum. So, the teacher can determine the ethnomathematics context as a starting point in teaching mathematics using Ethno-RME. Therefore, this paper focuses on constructing an Ethno-RME curriculum to guide teachers to apply Ethno-RME in their learning process. This research was collected data from a few relevant kinds of literature to build the Ethno-RME curriculum, such as literature about the D’Ambrosio trivium curriculum, the principles, and character of RME, and literature about the implementation of RME and Ethnomathematics in school. Then, the data were reviewed, criticized, and synthesized, which was done by integrating the ideas in the literature with the new ideas to form the new concept and formula for Ethno-RME curriculum. This study comprehensively explains the goal of Ethno-RME learning, Ethno-RME competencies, and the procedure of Ethno-RME learning. Its process consists of several steps: determining, exploring, processing, and finding mathematics in the ethnomathematics context. Furthermore, this procedure continues with conducting self-development models and critical reflection as an assessment.

Foreign Language learning is a complex process that requires considerable effort from both teachers and learners, particularly in developing effective listening skills in foreign language classrooms. Among the various approaches, Extensive Listening (EL) has emerged as a promising pedagogical method for enhancing language acquisition. This research investigates the utilization of Extensive Listening (EL) as a pedagogical approach for teaching Arabic listening skills, focusing on its efficacy in facilitating vocabulary and grammar acquisition, as well as exploring students' perceptions regarding the benefits of language learning through EL. Language teachers often face challenges in cultivating listening skills among foreign language learners due to its inherent difficulty. The study employed observation, documentation, and focus group discussions as data collection methods, while data analysis involved several stages: data description, data reduction, and drawing conclusions. The findings reveal that EL was effectively integrated into the Arabic listening course, aligning with the course objectives and learning materials. Students actively engaged in grammar analysis through audiobooks and demonstrated a positive attitude towards EL, acknowledging its role in enhancing their vocabulary, pronunciation, and grammar knowledge.

Learning media that serves as a communication tool used in learning, but learning media ccan be beneficial as a means in education which helps the teaching process so that learning does not seem static, so learning can be effective. 05 Jember, SMAN 02 Tanggul and SMAN Arjasa. (1) 66% of educators have difficulties in teaching history in the application of media learning, 33% in teaching methods; (2) The learning method used by educators has used the 100% Lecture method, 66% Problem Solving, 66% Discussion; (3) 66% educators add teaching media in the form of visual Power Point and 66% Video; (4) Educators have obstacles in the application of media in 66% Difficulty in designing learning media, 33% Difficulty in developing learning media. The facilities and infrastructure in the three schools are adequate, from Wi-Fi to projectors, but they are still lacking in utilization in the learning process Based on the questionnaire analytical of learning styles, it must be said that visual teaching styles are 48.3%, audio learning styles are 20.9% and kinesthetic learning styles are 40.7%. improvement of student teaching outcomes after use Infographics teaching media based on Qr Code. The increase in learning outcomes that increased significantly between the pre-test and post-test scores increased the average learning outcomes of students by 87.47%. This Qr Code-based Infographic Media Duplang Site has been developed by adding ideas and concepts to the media. Keywords: Infografis, Qr Code, Situs Duplang

This article discusses the Lengger art in Prapah Hamlet, Panti Village, Panting District, Jember Regency. This study discusses (1) How is the background of the formation of Lengger art in Prapah Hamlet, Panti Village, Panti District, Jember Regency. (2) What is the function of Lengger art on social values ​​in Prapah Hamlet, Panti Village, Panti District, Jember Regency in 1980-1990. The method used in this study is a historical research method that uses interviews and secondary sources using sources in the form of documents. The results of this study are Lengger Art is an art that comes from a journey or tirakat from a grandfather named Kek Mo. Lengger dance used to be a fertility ritual. That is, the show is held in relation to the expressions of hope and gratitude of the farmers for the results that have been achieved. Then besides being used as an expression of gratitude, this art is also used as mbarang art or busking which is used as a field to earn a living by the Lengger dancers who have social values ​​in terms of material values, vital values, and spiritual values. Keywords: Lengger Arts, Social Values, Prapah Village

The topic that is the subject of this study is social and cultural change by focusing on the study of discussions on the social structure and cultural life of the Kemiren Community, Glagah District, Banyuwangi Regency in 1996-2015. This study examines: (1) Changes in the social structure of the Kemiren community in 1996-2015. (2) Changes in the cultural life of the Kemiren people in 1996-2015. This research uses Gottschalk's historical method with four stages, namely gathering sources (heuristics), source criticism (verification), source analysis (interpretation), and writing (historiography). The results of this study are: (1) The Kemiren community has experienced social change which is shown in the structure of the community. In 2008, organizations and social groups had a clear structure to make the work program directed as tourism flows into Kemiren village. (2) Cultural life undergoes a change in the clean village customary ritual that is sacred to profane. These traditional rituals were commodified into tour packages in 2015 Topik yang menjadi pokok bahasan dalam penelitian ini adalah perubahan sosial dan budaya dengan memfokuskan kajian pembahasan mengenai struktur sosial dan kehidupan budaya Masyarakat Kemiren Kecamatan Glagah Kabupaten Banyuwangi Tahun 1996-2015. Penelitian ini mengkaji: (1) Perubahan struktur sosial masyarakat Kemiren tahun 1996-2015. (2) Perubahan kehidupan budaya masyarakat Kemiren tahun 1996-2015. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode sejarah dari Gottschalk dengan empat tahapan yaitu pengumpulan sumber (heuristik), kritik sumber (verifikasi), analisis sumber (interpretasi), dan penulisan (historiografi). Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah: (1) Masyarakat Kemiren mengalami perubahan sosial yang ditunjukkan pada struktur masyarakatnya. Pada tahun 2008, organisasi, kelompok sosial, memiliki struktur yang jelas membuat program kerja menjadi terarah seiiring masuknya arus pariwisata ke desa Kemiren. (2) Kehidupan budaya mengalami perubahan pada ritual adat bersih desa bersifat sakral ke arah profan. Ritual adat tersebut dikomodifikasi menjadi paket wisata pada tahun 2015.

Abstract Background Pathogenic microbes still become obstacles that can reduce the quality of plant growth, including ramie (Boehmeria nivea) plants. The study identified the microbiome and antagonistic interaction of the endophytic community from the B. nivea is necessary to improve the production of the ramie plant, especially ramie stem organs for fiber materials. Results Twenty isolates of endophytic microorganisms were obtained from the roots, stems, leaves, and flowers. They were identified using the Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) region of ribosomal (rDNA), and its morphotypes obtained 20 isolates, with a composition of 9 species of bacteria and 11 species of fungi. Besides that, the disease observations on ramie stems showed that four species of pathogenic fungi were identified as Fusarium solani isolate 3,248,941, Fusarium solani isolates colpat-359, Fusarium oxysporum isolate N-61–2, Clonostachys rosea strain B3042. The endophytic microorganism of ramie ability was tested to determine their potential to inhibit the growth of the pathogenic fungi based on the in-vivo antagonist test. The isolated bacteria were only able to inhibit the growth of F. solani, with the highest percentage of 54–55%. Three species of endophytic fungi, including Cladosporium tennissimum, Fusarium falciforme, and Penicillium citrinum, showed the best inhibition against the fungal pathogen Fusarium solani with the highest inhibitory presentation of 91–95%. Inhibitory interaction between the endophytic microbes and the ramie pathogens indicated the type of antibiosis, competition, and parasitism. Conclusion The results of this study succeeded in showing the potential antifungal by endophytic fungi from ramie against the pathogens of the plant itself. P. citrinum isolate MEBP0017 showed the highest inhibition against all the pathogens of the ramie.

Kegiatan Pengabdian Masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk memberikan informasi serta pemahaman kepada pengurus Yayasan Al Fath mengenai perbedaan kegiatan dan akibat hukum setelah yayasan berstatus badan hukum. Target rencana proyek ini salah satu dari Tri Dharma Perguruan Tinggi yaitu Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat. Metode yang digunakan oleh Tim Dosen Universitas Indraprasta PGRI dalam kegiatan ini diawali dengan pemberian ceramah mengenai yayasan menurut Undang-undang, badan hukum dan akibat dari yayasan yang berstatus badan hukum. Adapun produk yang akan dihasilkan berupa artikel Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat yang akan berguna bagi rekan-rekan dosen lainnya yang mungkin saja menemukan permasalahan yang sama terkait yayasan di daerah tempat tinggalnya. Melalui pemberdayaan ini diharapkan dapat merubah pola pikir pengurus Yayasan Al Fath bahwa yayasan berbadan hukum itu memiliki perbedaan kegiatan dan akibat hukum.

Background: Viral and bacterial skin infection is a common condition amongst children. In developing countries, it is a complex major health problem. However, epidemiological study on viral and bacterial skin infection in the pediatric population is still lacking, especially in Indonesia. Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate bacterial and viral skin infection amongst children and its association with age and sex. Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design with a retrospective approach. We retrieved medical records of pediatric patients admitted to Dr. Harjono S Ponorogo General Public Hospital between 2016 and 2020. Result: Of the 1,427 collected medical records, we found that the viral infection prevalence was 4.9% (n=70) and 7.5% (n= 107) for bacterial skin infection. Viral infection was most observed amongst subjects in the >12-year age group and 2–12-year for bacterial infection. Infection was more commonly observed amongst boys. Conclusion: The skin infection prevalence in Dr. Harjono S. Ponorogo General Hospital is lower compared to other studies. Skin infection of viral origin was most reported in children aged >12 years and bacterial infection in children aged 2–12. Both skin infections were more commonly observed in boys than girls.