81 results on '"Ruisheng Yang"'
Search Results
2. Biology of Rhynchaenus maculosus provides insights and implications for integrated management of this emerging pest
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Ruisheng Yang, Pengcheng Qiu, Yujian Gu, Mingyang Ni, Zhenhai Xue, Jianhua Han, Yiren Jiang, Ying Jin, Yong Wang, Xinfeng Zhou, Wei Liu, Jihui Zhang, and Li Qin
- Subjects
Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract Rhynchaenus maculosus is an emerging insect pest with an increasingly serious tendency. Lack of biology information results in the bottleneck of integrated management of this pest. To facilitate an available design of integrated pest management strategy, biology of R. maculosus, including voltinism, life cycle, distribution, and damage has been investigated. Results reveal that R. maculosus is oligophagous and distributes in Heilongjiang, Jilin, and Liaoning provinces, China. This pest produces one generation per year (univoltinism) and overwinters as adults in leaf litter. From mid-April to late-April, active overwintering adults emerge from overwintering sites. The next generation of adult R. maculosus appears from mid-May to early June until mid-August to early September when the beetles move into the overwintering places. The entire time span of adult occurrence ranges from 315.6 ± 3.6 to 336.4 ± 3.2 days (Mean ± SD). Larvae undergo 3 instars with a total duration of 20 to 23 days. R. maculosus larvae feed on Q. wutaishanica and Q. mongolica without host-specific preference between the two host species, but do not harm Q. acutissim. Three species of larval parasites were collected and identified as Braconidae sp., Eulophidae sp., and Ceraphronidae sp. Biological information of R. maculosus provides essential insights for design and implementation of integrated management of this pest.
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- 2022
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3. Coupling Controlled Dual‐Band Tunable Electromagnetic Extraordinary Transmission in Graphene Hybrid Metasurfaces
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Jiameng Nan, Yujing Zhang, Yu Xie, Zhichen Li, Ruisheng Yang, Jing Xu, Quanhong Fu, Fuli Zhang, and Yuancheng Fan
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EM waves ,extraordinary transmission ,graphene ,hybrid metasurfaces ,tunability ,Electric apparatus and materials. Electric circuits. Electric networks ,TK452-454.4 ,Physics ,QC1-999 - Abstract
Abstract A metasurface is a kind of ultrathin artificial composite composed of subwavelength elements with unique abilities in manipulating electromagnetic waves. However, the static nature of its conventional metallic/dielectric constituent material has limited its fixed functionality in narrow frequency ranges. The two‐dimensional carbon sheet, i.e., graphene, is a promising platform for effectively tuning the functionality as well as operation frequency band of metasurface. Here, the authors propose and demonstrate a kind of graphene hybrid metasurface for dual‐band extraordinary electromagnetic transmission (EET). The metasurface is composed of two graphene/metal hybrid resonators with EET properties. It is shown that the EET of the graphene hybrid metasurfaces can be tuned by increasing the bias voltage on the graphene from 0 to 3 V. Furthermore, it is found that the transmission amplitude and operating frequency band of EET can be controlled by changing the relative position and thus the coupling of the two graphene hybrid resonators. The proposed design strategy of the hybrid metasurfaces is promising for many applications based on active EM or optical modulations.
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- 2023
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4. Coupled magnetic Mie resonances induced extraordinary optical transmission and its non-linear tunability
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Weiqi Cai, Lixin Xuan, Yuancheng Fan, Ruisheng Yang, Wenwu Zhang, Qing Zhang, Songnan Chen, Zhehao Ye, Yujing Zhang, Quanhong Fu, and Fuli Zhang
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extraordinary optical transmission ,non-linear ,tunable metamaterials ,Mie resonance ,dielectric metamaterials ,Technology - Abstract
Dielectric metamaterials with low ohmic losses and resonating in the local magnetic mode are preferable for enhancing material non-linearity. Here, we propose and experimentally demonstrate broadband extraordinary electromagnetic transmission (EET) behavior, which is induced by the coupling of magnetic modes of two ceramic cuboids. It is shown that extraordinary electromagnetic transmission behavior through a perforated metal sheet with a subwavelength aperture can be achieved by exciting the first-order magnetic mode Mie resonant coupling of these cuboids. Our findings indicate that the transmission bandwidth and amplitude are dependent on the strength of coupling between the two ceramic cuboids. Additionally, we utilized non-linear effects within the dielectric cuboids to achieve tunable extraordinary electromagnetic transmission behavior. Our results are promising for developing non-linearly tunable microwave devices such as filters and modulators of their strong light-matter interactions.
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- 2023
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5. The Birefringence and Extinction Coefficient of Ferroelectric Liquid Crystals in the Terahertz Range
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Ying Ma, Yuhang Shan, Yongning Cheng, Ruisheng Yang, Hoi-Sing Kwok, and Jianlin Zhao
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liquid crystal ,birefringence ,extinction ,terahertz ,Applied optics. Photonics ,TA1501-1820 - Abstract
In this paper, the refractive index and extinction coefficient of ferroelectric liquid crystals have been examined by the terahertz time-domain spectroscopy system. Two modes of ferroelectric liquid crystal materials, deformed helix ferroelectric liquid crystal (DHFLC), and electric suppressed helix ferroelectric liquid crystal (ESHFLC) are tested as experimental samples. Nematic liquid crystal (NLC) was also investigated for comparison. The birefringence of DHFLC 587 slowly increases with the growth of frequency, and it averages at 0.115. Its extinction coefficients gradually incline to their stable states at 0.06 for o-wave and 0.04 for e-wave. The birefringence of ESHFLC FD4004N remains between around 0.165 and 0.175, and both of its e-wave and o-wave extinction coefficients are under 0.1, ranging from 0.05 to 0.09. These results of FLC will facilitate the examination and improve the response performance of THz devices using fast liquid crystal materials.
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- 2023
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6. Experimental study on complex stress effect for stress relaxation aging behavior of Al-Cu-Li alloy
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Hailong Liao, Lihua Zhan, Feng Xia, Minghui Huang, Chunhui Liu, Shengmeng Hui, Peng Wang, Ruisheng Yang, and Xiaobo Wang
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Stress relaxation aging ,The initial stress level ,Al-Cu-Li ,Double stage relaxation behavior ,Mining engineering. Metallurgy ,TN1-997 - Abstract
The highlight of this work is to investigate the effect of complex initial stress levels (from elastic to plastic regions) on the Stress relaxation aging (SRA) behavior of T34-2195 Al-Cu-Li alloys. The uniaxial tensile SRA experiment with various initial stress levels was carried out at 180 °C for 16 h. A novel double stage relaxation behavior is observed and analyzed theoretically by X-ray diffraction peak-broadening (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). When initial stress levels (the plastic region) are higher than the yield strength at 180 °C, the stress relaxation curves show the traditional single stage relaxation behavior. When initial stress levels (the elastic region) are lower than the yield strength, stress relaxation curves display four stages where a novel double stage relaxation behavior was observed, and four stages comprise the following parts: (1) the initial variable-rate and steady-rate relaxation stages; (2) the second variable-rate and second steady-state relaxation stages. The results show that a double stage relaxation behavior was scribed to the interaction among the dislocation, solute atoms and T1 (Al2CuLi) phase. The main reason for the difference between elastic and plastic initial stresses is the different dislocation density caused by the various initial stresses.
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- 2022
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7. A novel dual-prodrug carried by cyclodextrin inclusion complex for the targeting treatment of colon cancer
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Lin Chen, Yan Lin, Zijun Zhang, Ruisheng Yang, Xiaosheng Bai, Zhongbing Liu, Zhongling Luo, Meiling Zhou, and Zhirong Zhong
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Butyric acid ,5-Aminosalicylic acid ,Prodrug ,Inclusion complex ,Colon cancer ,Biotechnology ,TP248.13-248.65 ,Medical technology ,R855-855.5 - Abstract
Abstract Background There is an obvious correlation between ulcerative colitis and colorectal cancer, and the risk of colorectal cancer in patients with ulcerative colitis is increasing. Therefore, the combination therapy of anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor drugs may show promising to inhibit colon cancer. 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) with anti-inflammatory function is effective for maintaining remission in patients with ulcerative colitis and may also reduce colorectal cancer risk. Histone deacetylase (HDAC) plays an essential role in the progression of colon cancer. Butyric acid (BA) is a kind of HDAC inhibitor and thus shows tumor suppression to colon cancer. However, the volatile and corrosive nature of BA presents challenges in practical application. In addition, its clinical application is limited due to its non-targeting ability and low bioavailability. We aimed to synthesize a novel dual-prodrug of 5-ASA and BA, referred as BBA, to synergistically inhibit colon cancer. Further, based on the fact that folate receptor (FR) is over-expressed in most solid tumors and it has been identified to be a cancer stem cell surface marker in colon cancer, we took folate as the targeting ligand and used carboxymethyl-β-cyclodextrin (CM-β-CD) to carry BBA and thus prepared a novel inclusion complex of BBA/FA-PEG-CM-β-CD. Results It was found that BBA/FA-PEG-CM-β-CD showed significant inhibition in cell proliferation against colon cancer cells SW620. It showed a pro-longed in vivo circulation and mainly accumulated in tumor tissue. More importantly, BBA/FA-PEG-CM-β-CD gave great tumor suppression effect against nude mice bearing SW620 xenografts. Conclusions Therefore, BBA/FA-PEG-CM-β-CD may have clinical potential in colon cancer therapy. Graphical Abstract
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- 2021
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8. Subwavelength optical localization with toroidal excitations in plasmonic and Mie metamaterials
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Ruisheng Yang, Jing Xu, Nian‐Hai Shen, Fuli Zhang, Quanhong Fu, Junjie Li, Hongqiang Li, and Yuancheng Fan
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dielectric metamaterials ,metamaterials ,subwavelength optics ,toroidal metasurfaces ,toroidal moment ,Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials ,TA401-492 ,Information technology ,T58.5-58.64 - Abstract
Abstract Since the performance of electronic circuits is becoming rather limited in face of intensively increasing of amount of information and related operations, all‐optical processing offers a promising strategy for future information system. It would benefit a great deal if the all‐optical processing could be implemented within the developed electronic chips of nanoscale structures. In that it is highly desirable to break the diffraction limit of light for achieving effective light manipulations with deep subwavelength structures compatible with the state‐of‐the‐art nanofabrication processes. It is of fundamental importance to get subwavelength optical localization, that is, squeeze light wave into subwavelength space for achieving freely manipulating of light fields. This review summarizes the development in realizing subwavelength optical localization by exciting toroidal mode in photonic metamaterials. The toroidal excitations in plasmonic metamaterials and Mie resonant metamaterials, in 3D structures and planar metamaterials, with single or few layers in spectral regime from microwave to optical frequencies are surveyed. Based on the discussion on the configurations of toroidal excitations, the recent development on toroidal‐related optical scattering control actively manipulates the toroidal excitations, and promising applications are further investigated and highlighted.
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- 2021
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9. Tyrosine Hydroxylase and DOPA Decarboxylase Are Associated With Pupal Melanization During Larval–Pupal Transformation in Antheraea pernyi
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Qi Wang, Liang Zhong, Yong Wang, Shengwei Zheng, Yumeng Bian, Junhao Du, Ruisheng Yang, Wei Liu, and Li Qin
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Antheraea pernyi ,pupal melanization ,tyrosine hydroxylase ,DOPA decarboxylase ,RNA interference ,enzyme inhibitor ,Physiology ,QP1-981 - Abstract
In insects, melanism plays important roles in defense, immunoreactions, and body color. The underlying molecular mechanisms of melanism in different insects are diverse and remain elusive. In contrast to another silkworm, Bombyx mori, the Chinese oak silkworm, Antheraea pernyi, produces melanic pupae under natural environmental conditions. DOPA and dopamine synthesis are crucial for melanin formation. Disruption of these processes reportedly influences body colors in many insects. Most research focuses on newly emerged pupae, and the larval process preceding pupation remains unknown. Due to the large size and long pupation period in A. pernyi, the entire process was studied at least every 12 h. The expression patterns of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and DOPA decarboxylase (DDC), which are involved in DOPA and dopamine synthesis in the epidermis, were evaluated during larval–pupal metamorphosis. We also performed RNA interference (RNAi) and used enzyme inhibitors to examine morphological changes. The amino acid sequences of TH and DDC share 90.91% and 86.64% identity with those of B. mori. TH and DDC expression was upregulated during the 48–72 h period prior to pupal emergence, especially at 60 h. RNAi of TH and DDC induced partial melanism in some pupae. The inhibitors 3-iodo-tyrosine (3-IT) and L-α-methyl-DOPA (L-DOPA) influenced pupal melanization. Different concentrations of inhibitors led to pupal deformity and even mortality. Four different monoamines, only DOPA and Dopamine synthezed from Tyrosine will be influenced by TH and DDC inhibitor. These results indicate that TH and DDC are key genes associated with pupal melanization during larval–pupal transformation in A. pernyi. Overall, our results suggest that TH and DDC expression alterations in a particular stage can affect body color, setting the molecular basis for artificial control of pupal melanization.
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- 2022
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10. Active Control of Terahertz Toroidal Excitations in a Hybrid Metasurface with an Electrically Biased Silicon Layer
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Ruisheng Yang, Jing Lou, Fuli Zhang, Wei Zhu, Jing Xu, Tong Cai, Quanhong Fu, Hongqiang Li, and Yuancheng Fan
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high Q ,phase-change metasurfaces ,toroidal excitations ,tunable metasurfaces ,Applied optics. Photonics ,TA1501-1820 ,Optics. Light ,QC350-467 - Abstract
The active control of artificially structured metasurfaces is a promising route for solving the operation bandwidth limitation of metasurfaces due to their resonant nature. Herein, the active tunability of the toroidal response in a terahertz hybrid metasurface is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The top metallic layer of the metasurface has a toroidal configuration and is coupled to an electrically biased phase‐change silicon layer, whose conductive thickness and conductivity can be changed significantly when applying increased external current. The electrically biased hybrid metasurface shows high efficiency and complete electrical switching on the toroidal response in a broadband manner. Also, the optoelectronic metasurfaces modulated by biased currents are much easier to integrate in on‐chip optical devices. The hybrid metasurface taking advantage of the silicon layer with insulating‐state to conductive‐state transition in optical conductivity may facilitate the development of high‐performance active photonic applications in, for example, smart sensing in the terahertz regime.
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- 2021
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11. Actively Controlled Frequency-Agile Fano-Resonant Metasurface for Broadband and Unity Modulation
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Ruisheng Yang, Quanhong Fu, Yuancheng Fan, Jing Xu, Wei Zhu, Weiqi Cai, and Fuli Zhang
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frequency-agile metasurfaces ,fano resonance ,varactor diodes ,temporal coupled-mode theory ,modulator ,Physics ,QC1-999 - Abstract
The active control to the local resonant mode of metasurface is a promising route for improving the operation bandwidth limitation of metasurface. Here, we propose and experimentally demonstrated the active tunabilities in a frequency-agile Fano-resonant metasurface. The metasurface with a pair of asymmetric split ring resonators is integrated with double varactor diodes for active control of the sharp Fano resonance. It is found that the sharp Fano-type spectrum appears due to the near-field interferences between the collective electric and magnetic dipole modes. The physical insight is revealed through local field analysis, multipole decomposition and temporal coupled-mode theory. It is also found that the metasurface can be employed as a broadband and unity modulator. Hopefully, our results could inspire sophisticated electrically controlled photonic devices with novel functions.
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- 2021
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12. Dual‐Sensitivity Terahertz Metasensor Based on Lattice–Toroidal‐Coupled Resonance
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Jing Lou, Ruisheng Yang, Jiangang Liang, Ying Yu, Lei Zhang, Chiben Zhang, Tangjing Li, Yuancheng Fan, Fuli Zhang, Guangming Wang, Jun Wang, and Tong Cai
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dual-sensitivities ,metamaterials ,mode coupling ,terahertz sensing ,Applied optics. Photonics ,TA1501-1820 ,Optics. Light ,QC350-467 - Abstract
High quality factor resonance with extremely narrow line‐width offers an important platform for terahertz (THz) sensing technology as it enables strong light‐matter interaction between THz waves and analyte materials. Lattice mode arising from the collective Rayleigh scattering of metamaterial periodic structures has the ability to strongly confine the electromagnetic waves on the surface that fails to radiate to the far‐field. Herein, for the first time, a strategy is experimentally demonstrated to design THz metasensors, which exhibit dual‐sensitivity of frequency and resonance intensity by coupling the first‐order lattice mode to the toroidal resonance. The frequency sensitivity mainly results from the localized field confinement, whereas the sensitivity of resonance intensity depends on the matching degree between toroidal resonance and lattice mode. It is found that both the frequency shift and resonance intensity show exponential growth with the increase in the analyte thickness. In addition, the sensing performance between toroidal and toroidal–lattice modes is compared to verify the superiority of the dual‐sensitivity property. This work would greatly improve the practical applications of THz sensing technology and open up new opportunities for the realization of slow light devices, multiband narrow filters, and nonlinear systems.
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- 2021
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13. A Review of Tunable Electromagnetic Metamaterials With Anisotropic Liquid Crystals
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Jing Xu, Ruisheng Yang, Yuancheng Fan, Quanhong Fu, and Fuli Zhang
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tunable metamaterials ,negative index metamaterial ,liquid crystals ,Liquid crystals reorientations ,reconfigurable metamaterials ,Physics ,QC1-999 - Abstract
The performance of metamaterial is limited to a designed narrow band due to its resonant nature, it is highly desirable to incorporate active inclusions in metamaterials to extend the operation bandwidth. This review summarizes the development in realizing the tunability of electromagnetic response in metamaterials incorporated with nematic liquid crystal (LC). From rigorous comparison, it is found that the anisotropic property of nematic LC is essential in predicting the influence of LC molecular director orientation on the resonant frequency of metamaterials. By carefully designing the metamaterials and properly infiltrating LC, the operation frequency of single/double negative parameters of metamaterials can be dynamically modulated with remarkable red/blue-shift, depending on the LC molecular orientation angle. Moreover, the recent liquid crystal-based developments and novel applications are investigated and highlighted.
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- 2021
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14. The first report of fully sequenced resistance plasmid from Shigella boydii
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Li Wang, Lei Liu, Dong Liu, Zhe Yin, Jiao Feng, Defu Zhang, Fang Hai Hong, Yefeng Qiu, Weijun Chen, Ruisheng Yang, Jinglin Wang, Yunzhi Fa, and Dongsheng Zhou
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Shigella boydii ,erm(B) ,p2246-CTXM ,blaCTX-M-14 ,mph(A) ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
The purpose of this study was to characterize mechanisms of plasmid-mediated antimicrobial resistance in Shigella boydii. S. boydii strain 2246 with resistance to ciprofloxacin, ceftriaxone and azithromycin was isolated from a human case of watery diarrhea in a Chinese public hospital. Resistance in strain 2246 to ceftriaxone and azithromycin was attributable to the presence of blaCTX-M-14, and erm(B) and mph(A), respectively, which were co-located on a multidrug-resistant (MDR) plasmid p2246-CTXM. p2246-CTXM represented a novel IncFII-type MDR plasmid with a very complex chimera structure. Its master backbone was genetically closely related to the R100 plasmid, but p2246-CTXM had evolved to integrate additional R100-unrelated backbone regions as well as massive exogenous mobile elements that carried multiple resistance determinants. In p2246-CTXM, erm(B) together with its leading peptide gene erm(C), mph(A) together with its regulatory genes mrx and mphR(A), and blaCTX-M-14 were captured by three different mobile elements Tn6295, the IS26-mph(A)-mrx-mphR(A)-IS6100 unit, and a truncated ISEcp1-blaCTX-M-14-IS903D-iroN transposition unit, respectively, all of which were harbored in a large Tn3-family transposon Tn6285. p2246-CTXM still carried additional resistance determinants mer (mercury resistance), aacA4 (aminoglycoside resistance), cmlA1 (chloramphenicol resistance) and qacED1 (quaternary ammonium compound resistance). This is the first report of identifying a clinical S. boydii strain simultaneously resistant to ciprofloxacin, ceftriaxone and azithromycin, and determining the complete sequence of a resistance plasmid from S. boydii.
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- 2016
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15. The Toll Signaling Pathway in the Chinese Oak Silkworm, Antheraea pernyi: Innate Immune Responses to Different Microorganisms.
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Ying Sun, Yiren Jiang, Yong Wang, Xisheng Li, Ruisheng Yang, Zhiguo Yu, and Li Qin
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
The Toll pathway is one of the most important signaling pathways regulating insect innate immunity. Spatzle is a key protein that functions as a Toll receptor ligand to trigger Toll-dependent expression of immunity-related genes. In this study, a novel spatzle gene (ApSPZ) from the Chinese oak silkworm Antheraea pernyi was identified. The ApSPZ cDNA is 1065 nucleotides with an open reading frame (ORF) of 777 bp encoding a protein of 258 amino acids. The protein has an estimated molecular weight of 29.71 kDa and an isoelectric point (PI) of 8.53. ApSPZ is a nuclear and secretory protein with no conserved domains or membrane helices and shares 40% amino acid identity with SPZ from Manduca sexta. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that ApSPZ might be a new member of the Spatzle type 1 family, which belongs to the Spatzle superfamily. The expression patterns of several genes involved in the Toll pathway were examined at different developmental stages and various tissues in 5th instar larvae. The examined targets included A. pernyi spatzle, GNBP, MyD88, Tolloid, cactus and dorsalA. The RT-PCR results showed that these genes were predominantly expressed in immune-responsive fat body tissue, indicating that the genes play a crucial role in A. pernyi innate immunity. Moreover, A. pernyi infection with the fungus Nosema pernyi and the gram-positive bacterium Enterococcus pernyi, but not the gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli, activated the Toll signaling pathway. These results represent the first study of the Toll pathway in A. pernyi, which provides insight into the A. pernyi innate immune system.
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- 2016
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16. The Neuropilin-1 Inhibitor, ATWLPPR Peptide, Prevents Experimental Diabetes-Induced Retinal Injury by Preserving Vascular Integrity and Decreasing Oxidative Stress.
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Jun Wang, Shuaiwei Wang, Mengling Li, Dongdong Wu, Fang Liu, Ruisheng Yang, Shaoping Ji, Ailing Ji, and Yanzhang Li
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Neuropilin-1 (NRP-1) is a transmembrane glycoprotein. As a VEGF co-receptor, NRP1 significantly enhances VEGFR2 signaling and promotes vascular permeability and migration. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of an NRP-1 inhibitor, ATWLPPR peptide, on the early stages of diabetic retinopathy. Eight-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were divided into three groups: a Normal group, a Diabetes (DB) ATWLPPR treatment group and a DB saline group. Electroretinography (ERG), fundus fluorescence angiography (FFA) and leukostasis were examined to evaluate the retinal injury induced by diabetes at the end of the fifth week after STZ injection. Occludin expression and extravasation of albumin were measured to determine the extent of vascular injury. The oxidative stress level and the levels of inflammation-associated proteins were also assayed. The results indicated that treatment with ATWLPPR prevents the abnormal condition of ERG (amplitudes of b-wave decreased and implicit time increased) and vascular injury (occludin degradation and increase in extravasated albumin). These effects were associated with a reduction in the oxidase stress level and the expression of VEGF, GFAP, and ICAM-1. We conclude that ATWLPPR, an NRP-1 inhibitor, may reduce the early retinal damage induced by diabetes by preserving vascular integrity and decreasing the oxidative stress level. Blockade of NRP-1 may be a new therapeutic strategy for the early stages of DR.
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- 2015
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17. Inverse Design of Dual‐Band Optically Transparent Metasurface Absorbers with Neural‐Adjoint Method
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Zhichen Li, Jing Xu, Lin Zhang, Yiwen Li, Ruisheng Yang, Quanhong Fu, Fuli Zhang, and Yuancheng Fan
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General Physics and Astronomy - Published
- 2023
18. Calibration-free, high-precision, and robust terahertz ultrafast metasurfaces for monitoring gastric cancers
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Jing Lou, Yanan Jiao, Ruisheng Yang, Yindong Huang, Xing Xu, Lei Zhang, Zhaofu Ma, Ying Yu, Wenyu Peng, Yifang Yuan, Yuan Zhong, Songyan Li, Yang Yan, Fuli Zhang, Jiangang Liang, Xiaohui Du, Chao Chang, and Cheng-Wei Qiu
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Silicon ,Multidisciplinary ,Stomach Neoplasms ,Humans - Abstract
Optical sensors, with great potential to convert invisible bioanalytical response into readable information, have been envisioned as a powerful platform for biological analysis and early diagnosis of diseases. However, the current extraction of sensing data is basically processed via a series of complicated and time-consuming calibrations between samples and reference, which inevitably introduce extra measurement errors and potentially annihilate small intrinsic responses. Here, we have proposed and experimentally demonstrated a calibration-free sensor for achieving high-precision biosensing detection, based on an optically controlled terahertz (THz) ultrafast metasurface. Photoexcitation of the silicon bridge enables the resonant frequency shifting from 1.385 to 0.825 THz and reaches the maximal phase variation up to 50° at 1.11 THz. The typical environmental measurement errors are completely eliminated in theory by normalizing the Fourier-transformed transmission spectra between ultrashort time delays of 37 ps, resulting in an extremely robust sensing device for monitoring the cancerous process of gastric cells. We believe that our calibration-free sensors with high precision and robust advantages can extend their implementation to study ultrafast biological dynamics and may inspire considerable innovations in the field of medical devices with nondestructive detection.
- Published
- 2023
19. Terahertz Silicon Metagratings: High‐Efficiency Dispersive Beam Manipulation above Diffraction Cone
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Ruisheng Yang, Yuancheng Fan, Wei Zhu, Chuanjie Hu, Songnan Chen, Heng Wei, Weijin Chen, C. T. Chan, Qian Zhao, Ji Zhou, Fuli Zhang, and Cheng‐Wei Qiu
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Condensed Matter Physics ,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials - Published
- 2023
20. Simulation and parameter optimization of the key working procedure of engine box.
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Chengyan Zhang, Jiping Lu, Ruisheng Yang, and Guancheng Liu
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- 2014
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21. Controllable electromagnetically induced transparency in an electrically tunable terahertz hybrid metasurface
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Ruisheng Yang, Fuli Zhang, Zhichen Li, Quanhong Fu, and Yuancheng Fan
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Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials - Published
- 2023
22. Subwavelength optical localization with toroidal excitations in plasmonic and <scp>Mie</scp> metamaterials
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Quanhong Fu, Ruisheng Yang, Fuli Zhang, Jing Xu, Nian-Hai Shen, Yuancheng Fan, Hongqiang Li, and Junjie Li
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toroidal metasurfaces ,Physics ,Toroid ,business.industry ,dielectric metamaterials ,Physics::Optics ,Metamaterial ,Information technology ,T58.5-58.64 ,Toroidal moment ,metamaterials ,subwavelength optics ,Optics ,TA401-492 ,business ,Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials ,toroidal moment ,Plasmon - Abstract
Since the performance of electronic circuits is becoming rather limited in face of intensively increasing of amount of information and related operations, all‐optical processing offers a promising strategy for future information system. It would benefit a great deal if the all‐optical processing could be implemented within the developed electronic chips of nanoscale structures. In that it is highly desirable to break the diffraction limit of light for achieving effective light manipulations with deep subwavelength structures compatible with the state‐of‐the‐art nanofabrication processes. It is of fundamental importance to get subwavelength optical localization, that is, squeeze light wave into subwavelength space for achieving freely manipulating of light fields. This review summarizes the development in realizing subwavelength optical localization by exciting toroidal mode in photonic metamaterials. The toroidal excitations in plasmonic metamaterials and Mie resonant metamaterials, in 3D structures and planar metamaterials, with single or few layers in spectral regime from microwave to optical frequencies are surveyed. Based on the discussion on the configurations of toroidal excitations, the recent development on toroidal‐related optical scattering control actively manipulates the toroidal excitations, and promising applications are further investigated and highlighted.
- Published
- 2021
23. Titanium dioxide metasurface manipulating high-efficiency and broadband photonic spin Hall effect in visible regime
- Author
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Quanhong Fu, Peng Li, Ruisheng Yang, Xuyue Guo, Yuancheng Fan, Changzhi Gu, Wei Zhu, Junjie Li, Guangzhou Geng, and Fuli Zhang
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Materials science ,QC1-999 ,Physics::Optics ,02 engineering and technology ,01 natural sciences ,Nanomaterials ,photonic spin hall effect ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0103 physical sciences ,Broadband ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,010306 general physics ,spin-dependent trajectory propagation ,high-efficiency metasurface ,business.industry ,Physics ,Spin–orbit interaction ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,spin-orbit coupling ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,chemistry ,Titanium dioxide ,Spin Hall effect ,Optoelectronics ,Photonics ,0210 nano-technology ,business ,Biotechnology - Abstract
The interactions of photonic spin angular momentum and orbital angular momentum, i.e., the spin-orbit coupling in focused beams, evanescent waves or artificial photonic structures, have attracted intensive investigations for the unusual fundamental phenomena in physics and potential applications in optical and quantum systems. It is of fundamental importance to enhance performance of spin-orbit coupling in optics. Here, we demonstrate a titanium dioxide (TiO2)–based all-dielectric metasurface exhibiting a high efficient control of photonic spin Hall effect (PSHE) in a transmissive configuration. This metasurface can achieve high-efficiency symmetric spin-dependent trajectory propagation due to the spin-dependent Pancharatnam-Berry phase. The as-formed metadevices with high-aspect-ratio TiO2 nanofins are able to realize (86%, measured at 514 nm) and broadband PSHEs in visible regime. Our results provide useful insights on high-efficiency metasurfaces with versatile functionalities in visible regime.
- Published
- 2020
24. Realization of a near-infrared active Fano-resonant asymmetric metasurface by precisely controlling the phase transition of Ge2Sb2Te5
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Ce Li, Wei Zhu, Shi Yan, Ruisheng Yang, Changzhi Gu, Fuli Zhang, Quanhong Fu, Junjie Li, and Yuancheng Fan
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Phase transition ,Materials science ,business.industry ,Physics::Optics ,Fano resonance ,Heterojunction ,02 engineering and technology ,Fano plane ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,Resonator ,Modulation ,0103 physical sciences ,Optoelectronics ,General Materials Science ,Photonics ,010306 general physics ,0210 nano-technology ,business ,Realization (systems) - Abstract
A metasurface is one of the most effectual platforms for the manipulation of complex optical fields. One of the current challenges in the field is to develop active or reconfigurable functionalities to extend its operation band which is limited by its intrinsic resonant nature. Here we demonstrate a kind of active Fano-resonant asymmetric metasurface in the near-infrared (NIR) region with heterostructures made of a layer of asymmetric split-ring resonators and a thin layer of phase-change material (PCM). In the asymmetric metasurface, significant tunability in the frequency, Q-factor and strength of the Fano resonance are all achieved by precisely controlling the phase transition of the contained PCM Ge2Sb2Te5 (GST), together with changing the geometric asymmetry of the split-ring resonators. Moreover, we provide a complete transition process of the optical properties for GST and an optimized modulation on the active Fano-resonant metasurface. Our approach to dynamically control a Fano-resonant metasurface paves the way to realizing various active photonic meta-devices involving PCM.
- Published
- 2020
25. Tyrosine Hydroxylase and DOPA Decarboxylase Are Associated With Pupal Melanization During Larval-Pupal Transformation in
- Author
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Qi, Wang, Liang, Zhong, Yong, Wang, Shengwei, Zheng, Yumeng, Bian, Junhao, Du, Ruisheng, Yang, Wei, Liu, and Li, Qin
- Abstract
In insects, melanism plays important roles in defense, immunoreactions, and body color. The underlying molecular mechanisms of melanism in different insects are diverse and remain elusive. In contrast to another silkworm
- Published
- 2021
26. A novel dual-prodrug carried by cyclodextrin inclusion complex for the targeting treatment of colon cancer
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Zijun Zhang, Meiling Zhou, Zhirong Zhong, Zhongling Luo, Ruisheng Yang, Xiaosheng Bai, Yan Lin, Zhongbing Liu, and Lin Chen
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Male ,Combination therapy ,Colorectal cancer ,5-Aminosalicylic acid ,Biomedical Engineering ,Mice, Nude ,Pharmaceutical Science ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Antineoplastic Agents ,Bioengineering ,Butyric acid ,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ,Mice ,Drug Delivery Systems ,Folic Acid ,In vivo ,Cancer stem cell ,Cell Line, Tumor ,Medical technology ,medicine ,Animals ,Prodrugs ,R855-855.5 ,Mesalamine ,Prodrug ,Cell Proliferation ,Cyclodextrins ,Inclusion complex ,business.industry ,Research ,medicine.disease ,Ulcerative colitis ,Molecular medicine ,Colon cancer ,Folate receptor ,Colonic Neoplasms ,Cancer research ,Molecular Medicine ,business ,TP248.13-248.65 ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Background There is an obvious correlation between ulcerative colitis and colorectal cancer, and the risk of colorectal cancer in patients with ulcerative colitis is increasing. Therefore, the combination therapy of anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor drugs may show promising to inhibit colon cancer. 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) with anti-inflammatory function is effective for maintaining remission in patients with ulcerative colitis and may also reduce colorectal cancer risk. Histone deacetylase (HDAC) plays an essential role in the progression of colon cancer. Butyric acid (BA) is a kind of HDAC inhibitor and thus shows tumor suppression to colon cancer. However, the volatile and corrosive nature of BA presents challenges in practical application. In addition, its clinical application is limited due to its non-targeting ability and low bioavailability. We aimed to synthesize a novel dual-prodrug of 5-ASA and BA, referred as BBA, to synergistically inhibit colon cancer. Further, based on the fact that folate receptor (FR) is over-expressed in most solid tumors and it has been identified to be a cancer stem cell surface marker in colon cancer, we took folate as the targeting ligand and used carboxymethyl-β-cyclodextrin (CM-β-CD) to carry BBA and thus prepared a novel inclusion complex of BBA/FA-PEG-CM-β-CD. Results It was found that BBA/FA-PEG-CM-β-CD showed significant inhibition in cell proliferation against colon cancer cells SW620. It showed a pro-longed in vivo circulation and mainly accumulated in tumor tissue. More importantly, BBA/FA-PEG-CM-β-CD gave great tumor suppression effect against nude mice bearing SW620 xenografts. Conclusions Therefore, BBA/FA-PEG-CM-β-CD may have clinical potential in colon cancer therapy. Graphical Abstract
- Published
- 2021
27. Actively Controlled Frequency-Agile Fano-Resonant Metasurface for Broadband and Unity Modulation
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Fuli Zhang, Jing Xu, Wei Zhu, Quanhong Fu, Ruisheng Yang, Yuancheng Fan, and Weiqi Cai
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Physics ,business.industry ,Materials Science (miscellaneous) ,QC1-999 ,varactor diodes ,Biophysics ,General Physics and Astronomy ,Fano resonance ,Physics::Optics ,modulator ,frequency-agile metasurfaces ,Split-ring resonator ,Modulation ,Broadband ,fano resonance ,Optoelectronics ,temporal coupled-mode theory ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Photonics ,business ,Magnetic dipole ,Varicap ,Local field ,Mathematical Physics - Abstract
The active control to the local resonant mode of metasurface is a promising route for improving the operation bandwidth limitation of metasurface. Here, we propose and experimentally demonstrated the active tunabilities in a frequency-agile Fano-resonant metasurface. The metasurface with a pair of asymmetric split ring resonators is integrated with double varactor diodes for active control of the sharp Fano resonance. It is found that the sharp Fano-type spectrum appears due to the near-field interferences between the collective electric and magnetic dipole modes. The physical insight is revealed through local field analysis, multipole decomposition and temporal coupled-mode theory. It is also found that the metasurface can be employed as a broadband and unity modulator. Hopefully, our results could inspire sophisticated electrically controlled photonic devices with novel functions.
- Published
- 2021
28. Back Cover Image
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Ruisheng Yang, Nian-Hai Shen, Fuli Zhang, Quanhong Fu, Jing Xu, Junjie Li, Yuancheng Fan, and Hongqiang Li
- Subjects
Cover (algebra) ,Geology ,Remote sensing ,Image (mathematics) - Published
- 2021
29. Blocking CXCR3 with AMG487 ameliorates the blood-retinal barrier disruption in diabetic mice through anti-oxidative
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Peiyu Zhong, Jianmei Li, Lei Zhang, Dongdong Wu, Yanzhang Li, Shuaiwei Wang, Mingliang Chen, Jun Wang, Ailing Ji, Honggang Wang, and Ruisheng Yang
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Male ,0301 basic medicine ,Receptors, CXCR3 ,Blood–retinal barrier ,Pyrimidinones ,Occludin ,CXCR3 ,medicine.disease_cause ,030226 pharmacology & pharmacy ,Antioxidants ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,Mice ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,Acetamides ,Blood-Retinal Barrier ,Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,CXC chemokine receptors ,General Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics ,Diabetic Retinopathy ,Chemistry ,Retinal ,General Medicine ,Cell biology ,Mice, Inbred C57BL ,Endothelial stem cell ,Oxidative Stress ,030104 developmental biology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Pericyte ,Reactive Oxygen Species ,Oxidative stress - Abstract
Oxidative stress and blood-retinal barrier (BRB) damage induced by hyperglycemia are the principal processes involved in the early stages of diabetic retinopathy (DR). CXC chemokine receptor 3 (CXCR3)-mediated inflammatory infiltration exists in many disease models. The main objective of the present study was to determine whether AMG487, a CXCR3 antagonist, can ameliorate BRB disruption and reactive oxygen species generation in the DR model. The retinal endothelial cell and ganglion cell ultrastructures were observed using a transmission electron microscope. The pericyte marker PDGFR-β, tight junction occludin, and leaking albumin were evaluated. The oxidative stress level, CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP), and p-p38 expression were also investigated in vivo and in vitro. The results indicated that AMG487 application might alleviate PDGFR-β and occludin loss, and decreased the residual content of retinal albumin in the streptozocin-induced DR mouse model via the inhibition of oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stress, in which p38 activation was also involved. Thus, CXCR3 inhibition might be a target to prevent the early stage of DR injury.
- Published
- 2019
30. Transcriptome sequencing to unravel the molecular mechanisms underlying the cuticle liquefaction of Antheraea pernyi following Antheraea pernyi nucleopolyhedrovirus challenge
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Li Qin, Shenglin Shi, Ruisheng Yang, Shuang Na, Yiren Jiang, Zheming Leng, Guobao Wang, and Xiaoxia Duan
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0301 basic medicine ,Cuticle ,Immunology ,Arthropod cuticle ,Antheraea pernyi ,Moths ,Biology ,Transcriptome ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,Chitin ,Databases, Genetic ,Gene expression ,Animals ,KEGG ,Molecular Biology ,Gene ,Phylogeny ,Sequence Analysis, RNA ,Gene Expression Profiling ,Chitinases ,fungi ,Reproducibility of Results ,Molecular Sequence Annotation ,biology.organism_classification ,Nucleopolyhedroviruses ,Cell biology ,Gene Ontology ,030104 developmental biology ,chemistry ,Integumentary System ,030215 immunology - Abstract
Baculovirus causes liquefaction of insect cuticle to enhance the dissemination of progeny virions away from the host cadavers for increasing viral transmission rates. Antheraea pernyi nucleopolyhedrovirus (ApNPV) infects A. pernyi larvae with circular pus blotches formed in cuticle in the early stage of liquefaction. To investigate the formation mechanism of those pus blotches, the transcriptome profile changes of the cuticles between ApNPV-infected and non-infected A. pernyi larvae were analyzed using RNA-Seq. The transcriptome was de novo assembled using the Trinity platform. Comparison of gene expression levels revealed that a total of 2990 and 4427 unigenes were up- and down-regulated respectively in ApNPV-infected cuticle, of which 2620 and 1903 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) could be enriched in different GO terms and KEGG pathways. In this study, we focused on chitin metabolism related DEGs, and screened 10 genes involved in chitin synthesis and degradation with down-regulated trends, indicating that the chitin metabolism pathway was inhibited by ApNPV infection, which may promote liquefaction of A. pernyi cuticle. Besides, we also identified a large number of DEGs involved in immune related pathways via KEGG analysis, indicating that intense immune responses occurred in A. pernyi cuticle. Our research findings will serve as a basis for further researching the molecular mechanisms underlying cuticle liquefaction of A. pernyi induced by ApNPV infection.
- Published
- 2019
31. Synthesis, characterization and microwave transparent properties of Mn3O4 microspheres
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Quanhong Fu, Kaichang Kou, Ruisheng Yang, Di Lan, Zirui Jia, Yuancheng Fan, Guanglei Wu, Ming Qin, Fuli Zhang, and Hongjing Wu
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010302 applied physics ,Materials science ,Spinel ,Oxide ,Crystal structure ,engineering.material ,Condensed Matter Physics ,01 natural sciences ,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,Hydrothermal circulation ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,Characterization (materials science) ,law.invention ,Metal ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Chemical engineering ,chemistry ,law ,visual_art ,0103 physical sciences ,engineering ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,Calcination ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Microwave - Abstract
We synthesized a kind of novel hierarchical Mn3O4 spinel metal oxide with hollow core–shell structures by a facile one-step hydrothermal route with a further calcination process. The crystal structure and micro-morphology of these samples were characterized in detail. When employed as the microwave transmission material, the Mn3O4 microspheres calcined at 300 °C exhibit excellent wave-transparent property. Therefore, it is believed the Mn3O4 microspheres are an ideal candidate for next-generation wave-transparent materials.
- Published
- 2019
32. Dual‐Sensitivity Terahertz Metasensor Based on Lattice–Toroidal‐Coupled Resonance
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Tong Cai, Guang-Ming Wang, Ying Yu, Chiben Zhang, Ruisheng Yang, Tangjing Li, Jun Wang, Lei Zhang, Yuancheng Fan, Jing Lou, Fuli Zhang, and Jiangang Liang
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Physics ,Toroid ,Terahertz radiation ,Resonance ,Metamaterial ,mode coupling ,General Medicine ,QC350-467 ,Optics. Light ,Molecular physics ,Dual (category theory) ,TA1501-1820 ,Lattice (module) ,metamaterials ,terahertz sensing ,Mode coupling ,dual-sensitivities ,Applied optics. Photonics ,Sensitivity (control systems) - Abstract
High quality factor resonance with extremely narrow line‐width offers an important platform for terahertz (THz) sensing technology as it enables strong light‐matter interaction between THz waves and analyte materials. Lattice mode arising from the collective Rayleigh scattering of metamaterial periodic structures has the ability to strongly confine the electromagnetic waves on the surface that fails to radiate to the far‐field. Herein, for the first time, a strategy is experimentally demonstrated to design THz metasensors, which exhibit dual‐sensitivity of frequency and resonance intensity by coupling the first‐order lattice mode to the toroidal resonance. The frequency sensitivity mainly results from the localized field confinement, whereas the sensitivity of resonance intensity depends on the matching degree between toroidal resonance and lattice mode. It is found that both the frequency shift and resonance intensity show exponential growth with the increase in the analyte thickness. In addition, the sensing performance between toroidal and toroidal–lattice modes is compared to verify the superiority of the dual‐sensitivity property. This work would greatly improve the practical applications of THz sensing technology and open up new opportunities for the realization of slow light devices, multiband narrow filters, and nonlinear systems.
- Published
- 2021
33. A Review of Tunable Electromagnetic Metamaterials With Anisotropic Liquid Crystals
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Fuli Zhang, Ruisheng Yang, Quanhong Fu, Yuancheng Fan, and Jing Xu
- Subjects
Materials science ,Materials Science (miscellaneous) ,Biophysics ,Physics::Optics ,General Physics and Astronomy ,Tunable metamaterials ,02 engineering and technology ,Negative index metamaterials ,negative index metamaterial ,01 natural sciences ,010309 optics ,liquid crystals ,tunable metamaterials ,Liquid crystal ,0103 physical sciences ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Anisotropy ,Mathematical Physics ,business.industry ,Bandwidth (signal processing) ,Electromagnetic response ,reconfigurable metamaterials ,Metamaterial ,Physics::Classical Physics ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,lcsh:QC1-999 ,Narrow band ,Optoelectronics ,Liquid crystals reorientations ,0210 nano-technology ,business ,lcsh:Physics - Abstract
The performance of metamaterial is limited to a designed narrow band due to its resonant nature, it is highly desirable to incorporate active inclusions in metamaterials to extend the operation bandwidth. This review summarizes the development in realizing the tunability of electromagnetic response in metamaterials incorporated with nematic liquid crystal (LC). From rigorous comparison, it is found that the anisotropic property of nematic LC is essential in predicting the influence of LC molecular director orientation on the resonant frequency of metamaterials. By carefully designing the metamaterials and properly infiltrating LC, the operation frequency of single/double negative parameters of metamaterials can be dynamically modulated with remarkable red/blue-shift, depending on the LC molecular orientation angle. Moreover, the recent liquid crystal-based developments and novel applications are investigated and highlighted.
- Published
- 2021
34. Calibration-free, high-precision, and robust terahertz ultrafast metasurfaces for monitoring gastric cancers.
- Author
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Jing Lou, Yanan Jiao, Ruisheng Yang, Yindong Huang, Xing Xu, Lei Zhang, Zhaofu Ma, Ying Yu, Wenyu Peng, Yifang Yuan, Yuan Zhong, Songyan Li, Yang Yan, Fuli Zhang, Jiangang Liang, Xiaohui Du, Chao Chang, and Cheng-Wei Qiu
- Subjects
STOMACH cancer ,MEASUREMENT errors ,OPTICAL sensors ,MEDICAL equipment ,MEDICAL innovations - Abstract
Optical sensors, with great potential to convert invisible bioanalytical response into readable information, have been envisioned as a powerful platform for biological analysis and early diagnosis of diseases. However, the current extraction of sensing data is basically processed via a series of complicated and time-consuming calibrations between samples and reference, which inevitably introduce extra measurement errors and potentially annihilate small intrinsic responses. Here, we have proposed and experimentally demonstrated a calibration-free sensor for achieving high-precision biosensing detection, based on an optically controlled terahertz (THz) ultrafast metasurface. Photoexcitation of the silicon bridge enables the resonant frequency shifting from 1.385 to 0.825 THz and reaches the maximal phase variation up to 50° at 1.11 THz. The typical environmental measurement errors are completely eliminated in theory by normalizing the Fourier-transformed transmission spectra between ultrashort time delays of 37 ps, resulting in an extremely robust sensing device for monitoring the cancerous process of gastric cells. We believe that our calibration-free sensors with high precision and robust advantages can extend their implementation to study ultrafast biological dynamics and may inspire considerable innovations in the field of medical devices with nondestructive detection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Polarization‐Multiplexed Silicon Metasurfaces for Multi‐Channel Visible Light Modulation
- Author
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Wei Zhu, Yuancheng Fan, Ruisheng Yang, Guangzhou Geng, Quanhong Fu, Changzhi Gu, Junjie Li, and Fuli Zhang
- Subjects
Biomaterials ,Electrochemistry ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials - Published
- 2022
36. Nonlinearly tunable extraordinary optical transmission in a hybird metamaterial
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Weiqi Cai, Yuancheng Fan, Quanhong Fu, Ruisheng Yang, Wei Zhu, Yujing Zhang, and Fuli Zhang
- Subjects
Acoustics and Ultrasonics ,Physics::Optics ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Surfaces, Coatings and Films ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials - Abstract
Dielectric metamaterials are promising for significantly enhanced optical nonlinearity for their strongly localized Mie-resonant mode. Here, we theoretically and experimentally studied a hybrid metamaterial exhibiting extraordinary optical transmission (EOT) behavior, in which the transmission amplitude and frequency can be modulated. The EOT of the perforated metal sheet with subwavelength aperture is induced with a dielectric cuboid by setting them in a close proximity and exploiting the first-order Mie-resonant mode. The electromagnetic wave is effectively coupled to the subwavelength aperture by properly placing the dielectric cuboid, and the transmission intensity can be enhanced more than 150 times. Meanwhile, we employed the nonlinear effect of the dielectric cuboid to modulate the operation band of the EOT. Hopefully, our work can inspire innovations for the research of light–matter interactions, electromagnetic light switching devices and filter devices.
- Published
- 2022
37. EIA metamaterials based on hybrid metal/dielectric structures with dark-mode-enhanced absorption
- Author
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Ruisheng Yang, Hu Yujin, Kepeng Qiu, Fuli Zhang, Weiqi Cai, Weihong Zhang, Yuancheng Fan, Quanhong Fu, Xinchao Huang, Qiang Li, and Chang Li
- Subjects
Materials science ,Absorption spectroscopy ,business.industry ,Electromagnetically induced transparency ,Computer Science::Software Engineering ,Physics::Optics ,Resonance ,Metamaterial ,02 engineering and technology ,Dielectric ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,010309 optics ,Coupling (electronics) ,Dipole ,Optics ,0103 physical sciences ,Optoelectronics ,0210 nano-technology ,business ,Absorption (electromagnetic radiation) - Abstract
Metamaterial analogue of electromagnetically induced absorption (EIA) has promising applications in spectroscopy and sensing. Here we propose an EIA metamaterial based on hybrid metal/dielectric structures, which are composed of a metallic wire and a dielectric block, and investigate the EIA-like effect by simulations, experiments, and the two-oscillator model. An EIA-like effect emerges in virtue of the near-field coupling between metallic wire and dielectric block, and the dielectric block exhibiting magnetic dipolar resonance makes a major contribution to the resonance absorption. The magnetic flux through the dielectric block engendered by the near filed of the metallic wire determines the coupling between dielectric block and metallic wire. With the variation of the separation between dielectric block and metallic wire, the EIA-like effect is preserved and does not convert into the EIT-like effect although the coupling and consequently the absorbance are altered. Based on the two-oscillator model, the absorption spectrum of the EIA metamaterial is quantitatively analyzed and the parameters of the oscillator system are retrieved.
- Published
- 2020
38. Realization of a near-infrared active Fano-resonant asymmetric metasurface by precisely controlling the phase transition of Ge
- Author
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Wei, Zhu, Yuancheng, Fan, Ce, Li, Ruisheng, Yang, Shi, Yan, Quanhong, Fu, Fuli, Zhang, Changzhi, Gu, and Junjie, Li
- Abstract
A metasurface is one of the most effectual platforms for the manipulation of complex optical fields. One of the current challenges in the field is to develop active or reconfigurable functionalities to extend its operation band which is limited by its intrinsic resonant nature. Here we demonstrate a kind of active Fano-resonant asymmetric metasurface in the near-infrared (NIR) region with heterostructures made of a layer of asymmetric split-ring resonators and a thin layer of phase-change material (PCM). In the asymmetric metasurface, significant tunability in the frequency, Q-factor and strength of the Fano resonance are all achieved by precisely controlling the phase transition of the contained PCM Ge
- Published
- 2020
39. Actively modulated propagation of electromagnetic wave in hybrid metasurfaces containing graphene
- Author
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Ruisheng Yang, Fuli Zhang, Yuancheng Fan, Jing Xu, Jiameng Nan, and Quanhong Fu
- Subjects
Materials science ,02 engineering and technology ,01 natural sciences ,Electromagnetic radiation ,law.invention ,Amplitude modulation ,symbols.namesake ,graphene metasurface ,extraordinary transmission ,law ,0103 physical sciences ,General Materials Science ,010306 general physics ,Sheet resistance ,business.industry ,Graphene ,Fermi level ,Biasing ,modulator ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Condensed Matter Physics ,lcsh:QC1-999 ,Transmission (telecommunications) ,Mechanics of Materials ,Modulation ,symbols ,Optoelectronics ,conductivity ,lcsh:Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering ,0210 nano-technology ,business ,lcsh:TK1-9971 ,lcsh:Physics - Abstract
Here we present the actively modulated transportation of electromagnetic wave through hybrid metasurfaces containing graphene. The hybrid metasurfaces are composed of patterned metallic layers of extraordinary transmission and backed with graphene-sandwich layers. With the designed metallic layer with perforated structure, we demonstrated effective modulation on the on-resonance transmission amplitude by increasing the bias voltage from 0 to 4 V to electrically tune the Fermi level as well as the sheet resistance of the graphene-sandwich structure. We also found that the modulation depth can be further improved by properly designing the perforated metallic structure. By change the geometry from cut-wire structure to the “butterfly”-like pattern we preliminarily achieved 19.2% improvement on the on-resonance transmission modulation. The measured transmittances of the active metasurfaces show good agreement with the numerical simulations with fitted graphene sheet resistances. The hybrid metasurfaces presented in this work may be deployed in a wide range of applications based on active electromagnetic or optical modulations.
- Published
- 2020
40. Electromagnetically induced transparency in all-dielectric metamaterials: Coupling between magnetic Mie resonance and substrate resonance
- Author
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Xinchao Huang, Yuancheng Fan, Wei Zhu, Quanhong Fu, Ruisheng Yang, Fuli Zhang, and Weiqi Cai
- Subjects
Physics ,Cuboid ,business.industry ,Electromagnetically induced transparency ,Physics::Optics ,Metamaterial ,Resonance ,Dielectric ,Substrate (electronics) ,01 natural sciences ,010305 fluids & plasmas ,Coupling (physics) ,0103 physical sciences ,Optoelectronics ,010306 general physics ,business ,Computer Science::Databases ,Excitation - Abstract
We theoretically and experimentally studied the coupling of the magnetic Mie resonance of a dielectric cuboid and the guide mode resonance of an alumina slab in an all-dielectric metamaterial. It is found that the excitation of the discrete guide mode resonance or substrate resonance of the alumina slab can be properly controlled by designing the geometry of the dielectric cuboid. Moreover, it is found that the coupling of substrate resonance and the Mie resonance of the cuboid can be tailored to achieve electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT)--like spectrum. The tunability of the EIT-like spectrum based on the geometric parameters was also studied. Our results utilizing the crucial contribution of substrate derive a realization of EIT in all-dielectric metamaterial and thus pave a way for optical spectral control with all-dielectric coupled system.
- Published
- 2019
41. Controlling optical polarization conversion with Ge2Sb2Te5-based phase-change dielectric metamaterials
- Author
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Fuli Zhang, Yuancheng Fan, Hongjing Wu, Nian-Hai Shen, Quanhong Fu, Peng Zhang, Ruisheng Yang, and Wei Zhu
- Subjects
Phase transition ,Materials science ,business.industry ,Linear polarization ,Energy conversion efficiency ,Physics::Optics ,Metamaterial ,Optical polarization ,02 engineering and technology ,Dielectric ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Polarization (waves) ,01 natural sciences ,0103 physical sciences ,Optoelectronics ,General Materials Science ,010306 general physics ,0210 nano-technology ,business ,Refractive index - Abstract
Recent progress in the metamaterial-based polarization manipulation of light highlights the promise of novel polarization-dependent optical components and systems. To overcome the limited frequency bandwidth of metamaterials resulting from their resonant nature, it is desirable to incorporate tunability into metamaterial-based polarization manipulations. Here, we propose a dielectric metamaterial for controlling linear polarization conversion using the phase-change characteristic of Ge2Sb2Te5 (GST), whose refractive index changes significantly when transforming from the amorphous phase to the crystalline phase under external stimuli. The polarization conversion phenomena are systematically studied using different arrangements of GST in this metamaterial. The performance of linear polarization conversion and the tunability are also analyzed and compared in three different designs. It is found that phase-change materials such as GST can be employed in dielectric materials for tunable and switchable linear polarization conversion in the telecom band. The conversion efficiency can be significantly modulated during the phase transition. Our results provide useful insights for incorporating phase-change materials with metamaterials for tunable polarization manipulation.
- Published
- 2018
42. Active Control of Terahertz Toroidal Excitations in a Hybrid Metasurface with an Electrically Biased Silicon Layer
- Author
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Quanhong Fu, Jing Lou, Hongqiang Li, Yuancheng Fan, Ruisheng Yang, Wei Zhu, Tong Cai, Fuli Zhang, and Jing Xu
- Subjects
tunable metasurfaces ,Toroid ,Materials science ,Silicon ,toroidal excitations ,business.industry ,Terahertz radiation ,Physics::Optics ,chemistry.chemical_element ,QC350-467 ,General Medicine ,Optics. Light ,Active control ,TA1501-1820 ,phase-change metasurfaces ,chemistry ,Optoelectronics ,Applied optics. Photonics ,high Q ,business ,Layer (electronics) - Abstract
The active control of artificially structured metasurfaces is a promising route for solving the operation bandwidth limitation of metasurfaces due to their resonant nature. Herein, the active tunability of the toroidal response in a terahertz hybrid metasurface is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The top metallic layer of the metasurface has a toroidal configuration and is coupled to an electrically biased phase‐change silicon layer, whose conductive thickness and conductivity can be changed significantly when applying increased external current. The electrically biased hybrid metasurface shows high efficiency and complete electrical switching on the toroidal response in a broadband manner. Also, the optoelectronic metasurfaces modulated by biased currents are much easier to integrate in on‐chip optical devices. The hybrid metasurface taking advantage of the silicon layer with insulating‐state to conductive‐state transition in optical conductivity may facilitate the development of high‐performance active photonic applications in, for example, smart sensing in the terahertz regime.
- Published
- 2021
43. Newly Emerging Pest in China, Rhynchaenusmaculosus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae): Morphology and Molecular Identification with DNA Barcoding
- Author
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Ming-Yang Ni, Li Qin, Ying Jin, Yu-Jian Gu, Yong Wang, Jia-Sheng Xu, Ruisheng Yang, and Ji-Hui Zhang
- Subjects
forest pest ,biology ,Science ,Weevil ,Zoology ,early monitoring ,biology.organism_classification ,DNA barcoding ,Article ,Pupa ,Rhynchaenus ,Taxon ,leaf-mining pest ,Insect Science ,Key (lock) ,Identification (biology) ,oak trees ,PEST analysis ,rapid identification - Abstract
Simple Summary Accurate and rapid species identification is crucial in early monitoring and intervention of a pest, especially for a new and emerging pest. Here, the first detailed morphological features of Rhynchaenus maculosus at four life-cycle stages are reported for traditional species identification. Morphology-based identification is not only time-consuming but often inconclusive for closely related sibling species, juveniles, and even not feasible in the absence of key morphological characters. To overcome the limitations of traditional methods in species identification, DNA barcodes (mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase subunit 1, CO1) were successfully used to identify the pupal and larval specimens as R. maculosus and allocate the undetermined morphospecies in GenBank into their possible taxa. The integration of molecular identification with the morphology-based identification proved to be effective in the accurate and rapid identification of R. maculosus. Abstract The oak flea weevil, Rhynchaenus maculosus Yang et Zhang 1991, is a newly emerging pest that severely damages oak (genus Quercus) in China. The first R. maculosus outbreak occurred in 2020 and caused spectacular damage to all oak forests in Jilin province, northeast China. The lack of key morphological characters complicates the identification of this native pest, especially in larva and pupa stages. This is problematic because quick and accurate species identification is crucial for early monitoring and intervention during outbreaks. Here, we provided the first detailed morphological description of R. maculosus at four life stages. Additionally, we used DNA barcodes from larva and pupa specimens collected from three remote locations for molecular identification. The average pairwise divergence of all sequences in this study was 0.51%, well below the 2% to 3% (K-2-parameter) threshold set for one species. All sample sequences matched the R. maculosus morphospecies (KX657706.1 and KX657707.1), with 99.23% to 100% (sequence identity, E value: 0.00) matching success. The tree based on barcodes placed the specimens into the Rhynchaenus group, and the phylogenetic relationship between 62 sequences (30 samples and 32 from GeneBank) had high congruence with the morphospecies taxa. The traditional DNA barcodes were successfully transformed into quick response codes with larger coding capacity for information storage. The results showed that DNA barcoding is reliable for R. maculosus identification. The integration of molecular and morphology-based methods contributes to accurate species identification of this newly emerging oak pest.
- Published
- 2021
44. Anti-inflammatory and retinal protective effects of capsaicin on ischaemia-induced injuries through the release of endogenous somatostatin
- Author
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Li Wang, Shuaiwei Wang, Jun Wang, Wenqiang Wei, Wenke Tian, Yanzhang Li, Dongdong Wu, Ailing Ji, Honggang Wang, and Ruisheng Yang
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Receptors, CXCR3 ,Physiology ,Anti-Inflammatory Agents ,Endogeny ,Inflammation ,Neuroprotection ,Retina ,Body Temperature ,Mice ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,Physiology (medical) ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Animals ,Pharmacology ,Microglia ,business.industry ,Macrophages ,Transcription Factor RelA ,Retinal ,Chemokine CXCL10 ,Mice, Inbred C57BL ,030104 developmental biology ,Somatostatin ,Endocrinology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Gene Expression Regulation ,chemistry ,Cytoprotection ,Capsaicin ,Astrocytes ,Reperfusion Injury ,Cysteamine ,medicine.symptom ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
The mechanisms regarding the retinal protective and anti-inflammatory effects of capsaicin (CAP) remain unclear. Somatostatin is contained in CAP-sensitive sensory neurons, including nerve terminals, from which it can be released by capsaicin. The present study provides a novel neurohumoral regulatory mechanism for CAP-induced-endogenous somatostatin in a retinal ischemic-reperfusion (I/R) mouse model. CAP (0.5 mg kg−1) was injected subcutaneously 5 min after I/R. A selective somatostatin-depleting agent, cysteamine, was applied subcutaneously 4 hours before the experiment to examine the effects of endogenous somatostatin. Ischemia and oxidative stress-induced inflammatory factors (CXCL10, CXCR3 and NF-κB p65) were also examined in the present study. The morphometric evaluation showed that the retinal thickness was increased 24 hours after I/R injury and attenuated 7 days after I/R injury. The number of ganglion cells was reduced 7 days after I/R injury. The application of CAP significantly prevented retinal I/R damage. Cysteamine pretreatment reversed the effects of CAP. Inhibition of CXCL10/CXCR3 and NF-κB (especially in astrocytes and microglia/macrophage) was involved in capsaicin-induced retinal protection through endogenous somatostatin. CAP has anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects in ischemia-induced retinal injuries through endogenous somatostatin. Novel therapeutic remedies for inflammation or neuronal injuries were developed based on the systemic humoral effects related to CAP. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
- Published
- 2017
45. Occludin downregulation in high glucose is regulated by SSTR2 via the VEGF/NRP1/Akt signaling pathway in RF/6A cells
- Author
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Yanzhang Li, Dongdong Wu, Lei Zhang, Shuaiwei Wang, Ruisheng Yang, Jun Wang, Ailing Ji, Songjiang Wang, and Mengling Li
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,MAPK/ERK pathway ,Cancer Research ,Akt/PKB signaling pathway ,General Medicine ,Biology ,Occludin ,Cell biology ,Vascular endothelial growth factor ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,030104 developmental biology ,Immunology and Microbiology (miscellaneous) ,Downregulation and upregulation ,chemistry ,Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase ,Neuropilin 1 ,Protein kinase B - Abstract
Occludin is a tight junction protein that forms the permeability barrier, which is typically disturbed in ischemic associated diseases. The aim of the present study was to determine whether somatostatin receptor 2 (SSTR2) in RF/6A cells is involved in the modulation of the downregulation of occludin induced by high glucose, and to evaluate the implicated molecules. RF/6A cells were maintained in Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium and treated with 0 or 30 mM D-glucose. SSTR2 agonist octreotide (OCT), OCT with SSTR2 antagonist cycle-somatostatin (c-SOM) and neuropilin 1 (NRP1) inhibitor ATWLPPR, respectively, were administered to RF/6A cells under high glucose conditions. Cell apoptosis was evaluated by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling. Western blot analysis was used to detect the protein expression level of SSTR2, occludin, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), protein kinase B (Akt), phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt), extracellular signal-related kinases (ERK) and p-ERK proteins. The amount of VEGF released was determined by ELISA. Notably, the level of occludin reduced significantly under high glucose conditions. The results indicated that the administration of OCT prevented the reduction of occludin induced by high glucose, and co-administration with c-SOM reversed the effect of OCT. Increased VEGF secretion and expression of VEGF, p-Akt and p-ERK in RF/6A cells induced by high glucose were inhibited by OCT. ATWLPPR also prevented the downregulation of occludin, but did not inhibit p-Akt and p-ERK levels under high glucose conditions. The current study concluded that the activation of SSTR2 prevents high glucose-induced occludin downregulation in RF/6A cells, and VEGF, NRP1, p-Akt and p-ERK were implicated in this process. The pharmacological effects of SSTR2 targeting to endothelium may be used to assess the role of resistance of permeability and anti-inflammation.
- Published
- 2017
46. Phase-Modulated Scattering Manipulation for Exterior Cloaking in Metal-Dielectric Hybrid Metamaterials
- Author
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Fuli Zhang, Weihong Zhang, Chang Li, Qian Zhao, Ruisheng Yang, Costas M. Soukoulis, Ji Zhou, Thomas Koschny, Quanhong Fu, Nian-Hai Shen, and Yuancheng Fan
- Subjects
Coupling ,Materials science ,business.industry ,Scattering ,Mechanical Engineering ,Physics::Optics ,Metamaterial ,Cloaking ,02 engineering and technology ,Dielectric resonator ,Dielectric ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,Mechanics of Materials ,Hybrid system ,Optoelectronics ,General Materials Science ,0210 nano-technology ,business ,Coupling coefficient of resonators - Abstract
Artificially structured metamaterials with metallic or dielectric inclusions are extensively studied for exotic light manipulations via controlling the local-resonant modes in the microstructures. The coupling between these resonant modes has drawn growing interest in recent years due to the advanced functional metamaterial making the microstructures more and more complex. Here, the suppression of magnetic resonance of a dielectric cuboid, an analogue to the scattering cancellation effect or radiation control system, realized with an exterior cloaking in a hybrid metamaterial system, is demonstrated. Furthermore, the significant modulation of the absorption of the dielectric resonator in the hybrid metamaterial is also demonstrated. The physical insight of the experimental results is well illuminated with a classical double-harmonic-oscillator model, from which it is revealed that the complex coupling, i.e., the phase of coupling coefficient, plays a crucial role in the overall response of the metal-dielectric hybrid system. The proposed design strategy is anticipated to form a more straightforward and efficient paradigm for practical applications based on radiation control via versatile mode couplings.
- Published
- 2019
47. Thermally controllable Mie resonances in a water-based metamaterial
- Author
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Kepeng Qiu, Yuancheng Fan, Xiaqing Sun, Fuli Zhang, Hongjing Wu, Ruisheng Yang, Weiqi Cai, Nan Zhang, and Quanhong Fu
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Permittivity ,Multidisciplinary ,Materials science ,Scattering ,business.industry ,lcsh:R ,lcsh:Medicine ,Physics::Optics ,Resonance ,Metamaterial ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,Superposition principle ,Dipole ,030104 developmental biology ,0302 clinical medicine ,Optoelectronics ,lcsh:Q ,Cube ,lcsh:Science ,business ,Magnetic dipole ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Active control of metamaterial properties is of great significance for designing miniaturized and versatile devices in practical engineering applications. Taking advantage of the highly temperature-dependent permittivity of water, we demonstrate a water-based metamaterial comprising water cubes with thermally tunable Mie resonances. The dynamic tunability of the water-based metamaterial was investigated via numerical simulations and experiments. A water cube exhibits both magnetic and electric response in the frequency range of interest. The magnetic response is primarily magnetic dipole resonance, while the electric response is a superposition of electric dipole resonance and a smooth Fabry–Pérot background. Using temporal coupled-mode theory (TCMT), the role of direct scattering is evaluated and the Mie resonance modes are analyzed. As the temperature of water cube varies from 20 °C to 80 °C, the magnetic and electric resonance frequencies exhibit obvious blue shifts of 0.10 and 0.14 GHz, respectively.
- Published
- 2019
48. Realization of switchable EIT metamaterial by exploiting fluidity of liquid metal
- Author
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Ruisheng Yang, Fuli Zhang, Yuancheng Fan, Quanhong Fu, and Jing Xu
- Subjects
Liquid metal ,Materials science ,business.industry ,Scattering ,Electromagnetically induced transparency ,Wave propagation ,Physics::Optics ,Metamaterial ,02 engineering and technology ,Physics::Classical Physics ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Interference (wave propagation) ,01 natural sciences ,Electromagnetic radiation ,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,Physics::Fluid Dynamics ,010309 optics ,Optics ,Negative refraction ,0103 physical sciences ,0210 nano-technology ,business - Abstract
Novel manipulation techniques for the propagation of electromagnetic waves based on metamaterials can only be performed in narrow operating bands, and this drawback is a major challenge for developing metamaterial-based practical applications. We demonstrate that the scattering of metamaterials can be switched and that their operating band can be tuned by introducing liquid metal in the design of functional metamaterials. The proposed liquid metal-based metamaterial is composed of a copper wire pair and a tiny pipe filled with a liquid metal, namely eutectic gallium-indium. The interference of the sharp magnetic resonance of the copper wire pair and the broad dipolar mode of the liquid metal rod lead to an electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT)-like spectrum. We experimentally demonstrate that this EIT-like behavior can be switched on or off by exploiting the fluidity of the liquid metal, which is useful for multi-frequency modulators. These findings will hopefully promote the development of fluid matter-based metamaterials for extending the operating band of novel electromagnetic functions.
- Published
- 2019
49. Codon usage in Alphabaculovirus and Betabaculovirus hosted by the same insect species is weak, selection dominated and exhibits no more similar patterns than expected
- Author
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Ruisheng Yang, Li Qin, Yong Wang, Shenglin Shi, and Yiren Jiang
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Microbiology (medical) ,Baculoviridae ,food.ingredient ,Insecta ,Neutrality plot ,Genome, Viral ,medicine.disease_cause ,Microbiology ,Genome ,Article ,Evolution, Molecular ,03 medical and health sciences ,food ,Betabaculovirus ,Genetics ,medicine ,Animals ,Selection pressure ,Baculovirus ,Selection, Genetic ,Codon ,Molecular Biology ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,ENc plot ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Mutation ,Base Composition ,biology ,Host (biology) ,biology.organism_classification ,Amino acid ,Synonymous codon usage ,Alphabaculovirus ,030104 developmental biology ,Infectious Diseases ,chemistry ,Codon usage bias ,Host-Pathogen Interactions - Abstract
Mutations shape synonymous codon usage bias in certain organism genomes, while selection shapes it in others. Lepidopteran-specific Alphabaculovirus and Betabaculovirus are two large genera in the family of Baculoviridae. In this study, we analyzed the codon usage patterns in 17 baculoviruses, including 10 alphabaculoviruses and 7 betabaculoviruses, which were isolated from seven insect species, and we characterized the codon usage patterns between Alphabaculovirus and Betabaculovirus. Our results show that all the baculoviruses possessed a general weak trend of codon bias. The differences of ENc (effective number of codons) values, nucleotide contents and the impacts of nucleotide content on ENc value within alpha-/betabaculovirus pairs were independent of whether the host species are the same or different. Furthermore, the majority of amino acid sequences adopted codons unequally in all viruses, but the numbers of common preferred codons between alpha- and betabaculoviruses hosted by the same insect species were not significantly different from the differences observed between alpha- and betabaculoviruses hosted by different insect species. In addition, the amino acids that adopt the same synonymous codon composition between alpha- and betabaculoviruses hosted by the same insect species were statistically as few as those between alpha- and betabaculoviruses hosted by different insect species. Correspondence analysis revealed that no major factors resulted in the codon bias in these baculoviruses, implying multiple minor influential factors exist. Neutrality plot analysis indicated that selection pressure dominated mutations in shaping the codon usage. However, the levels of selection pressure were not significantly different among viruses hosted by the same insect species. We expect that evolution would cause the alpha- and betabaculoviruses hosted by the same insect species to share more patterns, but this effect was not observed., Highlights • The codon usage in Alphabaculovirus and Betabaculovirus is weak biased. • Multiple minor influential factors account for the codon usage. • Selection pressure dominates mutations in shaping the codon usage. • The differences of codon usage within alpha-/betabaculovirus pairs are independent.
- Published
- 2016
50. Silicon‐Based Terahertz Meta‐Devices for Electrical Modulation of Fano Resonance and Transmission Amplitude
- Author
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Tong Cai, Ying Yu, Yuancheng Fan, Jiangang Liang, Hua Ma, Guang-Ming Wang, Ruisheng Yang, and Jing Lou
- Subjects
Materials science ,Modulation ,business.industry ,Terahertz radiation ,Optoelectronics ,Fano resonance ,Transmission amplitude ,business ,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,Silicon based - Published
- 2020
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