Search

Your search keyword '"Ruihuang Xie"' showing total 17 results
Start Over Author "Ruihuang Xie"
17 results on '"Ruihuang Xie"'

1. Examining the dependence of southward shift of westerly anomalies on El Niño intensity: implications for varied El Niño termination patterns

Author

Yifan Jia and Ruihuang Xie

Subjects
El Niño intensity, southward westerly shift, equatorial central pacific, zonal momentum advection, El Niño termination, Sverdrup transports, Science
Abstract

The dependence of the southward shift of low-level westerly anomalies over the equatorial central Pacific on El Niño intensity during the mature winter was investigated through observational analyses and air–sea coupled model simulations. El Niño events are categorized into two types based on the presence or absence of such a southward westerly shift (SWS). El Niño events with an evident SWS (SWS El Niño) exhibit strong intensity in sea surface temperature anomalies, whereas those without a remarkable SWS (non-SWS El Niño) are weak. The strength of westerly anomalies of SWS El Niño is twice as large as those of non-SWS El Niño in mature winter and can induce larger growth of westerly anomalies south of the equator by two anomalous southward westerly advections. One is the advection of anomalous westerlies by climatological winter-mean northerlies, and the other is the advection of climatological zonal wind by anomalous westerlies. Observations and model simulations both indicate that the two types of El Niño terminate differently. The strong SWS El Niño decays initially in the equatorial central Pacific, induced by a large local discharge of mass and heat content associated with intense SWS and the subsequent westward sea current anomalies starting in the decaying spring. In contrast, the non-SWS El Niño terminates first in the far eastern Pacific by cool advection carried by local westward sea current anomalies in mature winter, which is then enhanced by poleward discharge associated with weak SWS in the equatorial central Pacific.

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

2. Influence of Spring Precipitation over Maritime Continent and Western North Pacific on the Evolution and Prediction of El Niño–Southern Oscillation

Author

Yifan Ma, Fei Huang, and Ruihuang Xie

Subjects
spring precipitation, ENSO evolution, Maritime Continent, western north Pacific, sea current, warm water volume, Meteorology. Climatology, QC851-999
Abstract

Previous studies suggested that spring precipitation over the tropical western Pacific Ocean can influence the development of El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO). To identify crucial precipitation patterns for post-spring ENSO evolution, a singular value decomposition (SVD) method was applied to spring precipitation and sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies, and three precipitation and ENSO types were obtained with each highlighting precipitation over the Maritime Continent (MC) or western north Pacific (WNP). High MC spring precipitation corresponds to the slow decay of a multi-year La Niña event. Low MC spring precipitation is associated with a rapid El Niño-to-La Niña transition. High WNP spring precipitation is related to positive north Pacific meridional mode and induces the El Niño initiation. Among the three ENSO types, ocean current and heat content behave differently. Based on these spring precipitation and oceanic factors, a statistical model was established aimed at predicting winter ENSO state. Compared to a full dynamical model, this model exhibits higher prediction skills in the winter ENSO phase and amplitude for the period of 1980–2022. The explained total variance of the winter Niño-3.4 index increases from 43% to 75%, while the root-mean-squared error decreases from 0.82 °C to 0.53 °C. The practical utility and limitations of this model are also discussed.

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

4. New Indices for Better Understanding ENSO by Incorporating Convection Sensitivity to Sea Surface Temperature

Author

Ruihuang Xie, Xianghui Fang, and Mu Mu

Subjects
Convection, Atmospheric Science, Sea surface temperature, El Niño Southern Oscillation, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Climatology, Environmental science, Sensitivity (control systems), 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

Observed outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) data indicate that convection is nonlinearly sensitive to sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTA) for background SSTs in the 25.25°–30.25°C high-impact range. In this study, we use that observed convection sensitivity to derive a proxy of the convective responses to SSTA only [referred to as fluctuations of the accumulated convection strength (FACT)]. FACT reproduces the pattern of the observed convection response to ENSO in the central and eastern Pacific, but underestimates the amplitude due to the exclusion of the effect of ENSO-induced atmospheric convergence anomalies on convection. We thus use FACT to define new indices (InFACT) of ENSO diversity that explicitly account for the nonlinear convection–SST sensitivity. The amplitude of InFACT allows us to easily classify El Niño events into weak, moderate, and strong types that markedly differ in terms of SSTA spatial patterns and their convective responses. La Niña events classified by InFACT display much less pattern diversity, and mostly differ through their amplitudes. Finally, our study supports some previous studies that the nonlinear SST–convection relation plays a strong role for the development of extreme El Niño events with the presence of high-impact SSTs and large convection anomalies in the equatorial eastern Pacific.

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

5. The unusual 2014–2016 El Niño events: Dynamics, prediction and enlightenments

Author

Xianghui Fang and Ruihuang Xie

Subjects
History, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, El Niño, Climatology, Research community, Event (relativity), General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Climate model, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

The 2014–2016 El Nino events consist of a stalled El Nino event in the winter of 2014/2015 and a following extreme El Nino event in the end of 2015. Neither event was successfully predicted in operational prediction models. Because of the unusual evolutions of these events that rarely happened in the historical observations, few experience was ready for understanding and predicting the two El Nino events when they occurred. Also due to their specialties, considerable attention were attracted with aims to reveal the hidden mechanisms. This article reviews the recent progresses and knowledge that were obtained in these studies. Emerging from these studies, it was argued that the key factor that was responsible for the stalled El Nino in 2014 was the unexpected summertime Easterly Wind Surges (EWSs) or the lack of summertime Westerly Wind Bursts (WWBs). Most operational prediction models failed to reproduce such stochastic winds and thus made unrealistic forecasts. The two El Nino events awakened the research community again to incorporate the state-of-the-art climate models to simulate the stochastic winds and investigate their roles in the development of El Nino.

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

7. Two Leading ENSO Modes and El Niño Types in the Zebiak–Cane Model

Author

Fei-Fei Jin and Ruihuang Xie

Subjects
Atmospheric Science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Oscillation, Advection, Mode (statistics), Wind stress, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, El Niño Southern Oscillation, El Niño, Climatology, Spatial ecology, Thermocline, Geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

Modern instrumental records reveal that El Niño events differ in their spatial patterns and temporal evolutions. Attempts have been made to categorize them roughly into two main types: eastern Pacific (EP; or cold tongue) and central Pacific (CP; or warm pool) El Niño events. In this study, a modified version of the Zebiak–Cane (MZC) coupled model is used to examine the dynamics of these two types of El Niño events. Linear eigenanalysis of the model is conducted to show that there are two leading El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) modes with their SST patterns resembling those of two types of El Niño. Thus, they are referred to as the EP and CP ENSO modes. These two modes are sensitive to changes in the mean states. The heat budget analyses demonstrate that the EP (CP) mode is dominated by thermocline (zonal advective) feedback. Therefore, the weak (strong) mean wind stress and deep (shallow) mean thermocline prefer the EP (CP) ENSO mode because of the relative dominance of thermocline (zonal advective) feedback under such a mean state. Consistent with the linear stability analysis, the occurrence ratio of CP/EP El Niño events in the nonlinear simulations generally increases toward the regime where the linear CP ENSO mode has relatively higher growth rate. These analyses suggest that the coexistence of two leading ENSO modes is responsible for two types of El Niño simulated in the MZC model. This model result may provide a plausible scenario for the observed ENSO diversity.

Published
2018
Full Text
View/download PDF

8. Author Correction: El Niño–Southern Oscillation complexity

Author

Wenju Cai, Karl Stein, Pamela R. Grothe, Sang-Wook Yeh, Jin-Ho Yoon, Tim Li, WonMoo Kim, Yann Planton, Sunyong Kim, Xuebin Zhang, Hong Li Ren, Agus Santoso, Ken Takahashi, Yoshimitsu Chikamoto, Scott B. Power, Sarah Ineson, Fei-Fei Jin, Matthieu Lengaigne, Kyung-Sook Yun, Daehyun Kang, Han Ching Chen, Woo Hyun Yang, Alexander Todd, Boris Dewitte, Andrew T. Wittenberg, June-Yi Lee, Eric Guilyardi, Shayne McGregor, Kim M. Cobb, Michiya Hayashi, Dietmar Dommenget, Tobias Bayr, Jong-Seong Kug, Axel Timmermann, Malte F. Stuecker, Ruihuang Xie, Soon Il An, Antonietta Capotondi, Michael J. McPhaden, Elke Zeller, Harun Rashid, Guomin Wang, Guojian Wang, Jing-Jia Luo, Yoo-Geun Ham, Institute of Basic Science (IBS), International Pacific Research Center (IPRC), School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology (SOEST), University of Hawai‘i [Mānoa] (UHM)-University of Hawai‘i [Mānoa] (UHM), Department of Atmospheric Sciences [Seoul], Yonsei University, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Unité de Mathématiques Pures et Appliquées (UMPA-ENSL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research [Aspendale], Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Canberra] (CSIRO), NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory (ESRL), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences [Atlanta], Georgia Institute of Technology [Atlanta], Océan et variabilité du climat (VARCLIM), Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU), NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory [Seattle] (PMEL), Department of Atmospheric Sciences [Seattle], University of Washington [Seattle], NOAA Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL), Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research [Kiel] (GEOMAR), National Taiwan University [Taiwan] (NTU), Department of Plants, Soils and Climate, Utah State University (USU), Laboratoire d'études en Géophysique et océanographie spatiales (LEGOS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), School of Earth, Atmosphere and Environment, Monash University, Monash University [Clayton], University of Hawai‘i [Mānoa] (UHM), Met Office Hadley Centre for Climate Change (MOHC), United Kingdom Met Office [Exeter], Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, ATLSS Center, Lehigh University, Centre for Australian Weather and Climate Research (CAWCR), University of Sussex, University of South Wales (USW), University of Occupational and Environmental Health [Kitakyushu] (UEOH), College of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Sciences [Exeter] (EMPS), University of Exeter, Center for Ocean-Land-Atmosphere Studies (COLA), Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), CSIRO Marine and Atmosphere Research [Hobart], École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and School of Earth, Atmosphere and Environment

Subjects
Multidisciplinary, El Niño Southern Oscillation, Climatology, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], CobB, Mathematics
Abstract

In this Review, the middle initial of author Kim M. Cobb was omitted. The original Review has been corrected online.

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

9. El Niño–Southern Oscillation complexity

Author

Ken Takahashi, Matthieu Lengaigne, Guomin Wang, Tim Li, Antonietta Capotondi, Tobias Bayr, Michael J. McPhaden, Axel Timmermann, WonMoo Kim, Wenju Cai, Malte F. Stuecker, Sunyong Kim, Ruihuang Xie, Harun Rashid, Fei-Fei Jin, Alexander Todd, Jong-Seong Kug, Boris Dewitte, Sang-Wook Yeh, Yoo-Geun Ham, Kim M. Cobb, Elke Zeller, Agus Santoso, Scott B. Power, Dietmar Dommenget, Daehyun Kang, Michiya Hayashi, Soon Il An, Kyung-Sook Yun, Pamela R. Grothe, Guojian Wang, June-Yi Lee, Karl Stein, Jing-Jia Luo, Shayne McGregor, Eric Guilyardi, Yoshimitsu Chikamoto, Xuebin Zhang, Sarah Ineson, Andrew T. Wittenberg, Woo Hyun Yang, Han Ching Chen, Jin-Ho Yoon, Yann Planton, Hong Li Ren, Institute of Basic Science (IBS), Pusan National University, Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Yonsei University, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology (SOEST), University of Hawai‘i [Mānoa] (UHM), Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Canberra] (CSIRO), Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory (ESRL), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES), University of Colorado [Boulder]-National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences [Atlanta], Georgia Institute of Technology [Atlanta], Océan et variabilité du climat (VARCLIM), Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU), NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory [Seattle] (PMEL), Department of Atmospheric Sciences [Seattle], University of Washington [Seattle], NOAA Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL), Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research [Kiel] (GEOMAR), National Taiwan University [Taiwan] (NTU), Department of Plants, Soils and Climate, Utah State University (USU), Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Zonas Aridas (CEAZA), Laboratoire d'études en Géophysique et océanographie spatiales (LEGOS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), School of Earth, Atmosphere and Environment, Monash University, Monash University [Clayton], NCAS-Climate [Reading], Department of Meteorology [Reading], University of Reading (UOR)-University of Reading (UOR), Met Office Hadley Centre for Climate Change (MOHC), United Kingdom Met Office [Exeter], Centre for Australian Weather and Climate Research (CAWCR), Centre national de recherches météorologiques (CNRM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Météo France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ARC Centre of Excellence for Climate System Science, University of New South Wales [Sydney] (UNSW)-Australian Research Council [Canberra] (ARC), Instituto Geofísico del Perú (IGP), Exeter Climate Systems, College of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Science, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom, Korean Ocean Research and Development Institute (KORDI), Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), CSIRO, Oceans and Atmosphere, Hobart, TAS, Australia, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), School of Earth, Atmosphere and Environment, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and University of Exeter

Subjects
El Nino-Southern Oscillation, Tropical Climate, Multidisciplinary, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Climate Change, Equator, Climate change, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], 15. Life on land, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Earth system science, Sea surface temperature, La Niña, El Niño, 13. Climate action, Climatology, Tropical climate, Water Movements, Environmental science, Terrestrial ecosystem, 14. Life underwater, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

El Niño events are characterized by surface warming of the tropical Pacific Ocean and weakening of equatorial trade winds that occur every few years. Such conditions are accompanied by changes in atmospheric and oceanic circulation, affecting global climate, marine and terrestrial ecosystems, fisheries and human activities. The alternation of warm El Niño and cold La Niña conditions, referred to as the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO), represents the strongest year-to-year fluctuation of the global climate system. Here we provide a synopsis of our current understanding of the spatio-temporal complexity of this important climate mode and its influence on the Earth system.

Published
2018
Full Text
View/download PDF

10. Impacts of decaying eastern and central Pacific El Niños on tropical cyclone activities over the western North Pacific in summer

Author

Fei Huang, Faming Wang, Yuxing Yang, and Ruihuang Xie

Subjects
Atmospheric Science, South china, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Oceanography, El Niño, Anticyclone, Climatology, Subtropical ridge, Tropical cyclone, Geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Vertical shear
Abstract

We investigate the influences of the decaying eastern Pacific El Nino (EP-El Nino) and central Pacific El Nino (CP-El Nino) on tropical cyclone (TC) activities in the western North Pacific (WNP) during July, August, and September (JAS). During this period, TC geneses and tracks are reduced in the central and eastern WNP. However, TC tracks reaching the Philippines increase, and more TC geneses appear west of 145°E during EP-El Nino. During CP-El Nino, tracks reaching the South China Sea (SCS) and southeast coast of China increase, and positive anomalies of TC genesis are found in the southern part of the central WNP and southern SCS. It is possible that the different variations of the anomalous anticyclone over east of the Philippines in the WNP induced by El Ninos are instrumental to the different TC variations in the two types of decaying El Ninos during JAS. Compared with EP-El Nino, strengthening and northward expansion of the anomalous anticyclone during CP-El Nino cause a westward shift of the western Pacific subtropical high in summer, which is responsible for more westward TC tracks over the SCS and southeast coast of China. This northward expansion can cause the center of suppressed TC geneses in the central WNP to migrate further north during CP-El Nino. A decreased magnitude of vertical shear dominates the southern part of the central WNP and southern SCS, which enhances TC formation in these regions during CP-El Nino.

Published
2015
Full Text
View/download PDF

11. An Improved Atmospheric Component of Zebiak-Cane Model for Simulating ENSO Winds

Author

Fei-Fei Jin, Fei Huang, and Ruihuang Xie

Subjects
Atmospheric Science, Component (thermodynamics), Anomaly (natural sciences), Forcing (mathematics), Atmospheric model, Atmospheric sciences, Physics::Geophysics, Sea surface temperature, Climatology, Thermal, Convective momentum transport, Environmental science, Spurious relationship, Physics::Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics
Abstract

The atmospheric component of the Zebiak-Cane (ZC) coupled model is a simple elegant framework that plays an instrumental role in the investigation of the fundamental coupled dynamics of the tropical ocean-atmosphere interaction and the El Nino/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon. We attempt two simple thermal and dynamical modifications to reduce apparently spurious wind activities simulated by this atmospheric model in the eastern tropical Pacific under ENSO sea surface temperature (SST) anomaly forcing. First, motivated by established observational evidences, we manipulate the anomalous convective heating to be dependent on the sum of mean SST and SST anomalies and the low-level convergence. Second, we add an ad hoc parameterization for the effect of convective momentum transport (CMT) into the zonal momentum balance.

Published
2015
Full Text
View/download PDF

12. Revisiting the latitude fluctuations of the eastern Pacific ITCZ during the central Pacific El Niño

Author

Ruihuang Xie and Yuxing Yang

Subjects
Sea surface temperature, Geophysics, Oceanography, El Niño, Climatology, Intertropical Convergence Zone, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Zonal and meridional, Precipitation, Geology, Latitude
Abstract

Some previous studies have reported that the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) in the eastern Pacific (EP) shifted northward during the peak phase of the central Pacific (CP-type) El Nino. However, this study presents a new result that the EP ITCZ shifts slightly southward in the peak season and rarely has an anomalous meridional shift during other seasons of the CP-type El Nino. Unlike the extensive southward shift of the anomalous convergence in the conventional EP-type El Nino, the convergence anomalies during the CP-type El Nino develop locally without extending beyond the EP ITCZ region. Therefore, it is risky to infer the latitude fluctuation of the EP ITCZ from the cross-equator southerly and precipitation/convergence anomalies in the EP during the CP-type El Nino. A suggestion of doing so is to examine both the anomalous and total patterns of sea surface temperature and low-level wind convergence.

Published
2014
Full Text
View/download PDF

13. The impact of basic state on quasi-biennial periodicity of central Pacific ENSO over the past decade

Author

Ruihuang Xie, Fei Huang, Fei-Fei Jin, and Jian Huang

Subjects
Atmospheric Science, Oceanography, El Niño, Advection, Climatology, Equator, Ocean current, Mode (statistics), Wind stress, Thermocline, Pacific decadal oscillation, Geology
Abstract

El Nino/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon lately appears to have a much fast pace with four warming events in the past decade (2002-2012). Three out of four events have their warming centers confined in the equatorial central Pacific. It is argued that the anomalous zonal sea currents are responsible for the fast transition of the central Pacific warming. Furthermore, based on the heat budget analysis, it is found that zonal advective feedback appears to play an important role in the phase transition of central Pacific ENSO, although the thermocline feedback process that is essential for ENSO, as delineated by the recharge/discharge oscillator theory, also contributes but mainly in the eastern Pacific. A stability analysis is performed using a simple stripped-down coupled model with two different basic state settings derived from the periods over 1982-2001 and 2002-2012, respectively. In the two periods, the basic states show different distribution along the equator and the leading ENSO-like eigen-modes have very different periods and patterns. The mode under the basic state in the earlier period resembles the eastern Pacific ENSO with a period about 5 years, whereas under the basic state in the recent decade, the ENSO mode becomes more like the observed central Pacific ENSO with a period about 2 years. The slow eastern Pacific ENSO mode is dominated by the thermocline feedback and behaves more like the recharge oscillator, whereas the zonal advective feedback plays a significant role in the fast-paced central Pacific ENSO mode. These results are roughly consistent with the broad features of two types of ENSO. In addition, the zonal advective feedback contributes to the phase transitions of both types of ENSO-like modes. In a word, the recent fast-paced ENSO activities in the central Pacific is suggested due to the dominance of zonal advective feedback favored by the tropical Pacific basic state conditions in the past decade.

Published
2014
Full Text
View/download PDF

14. Subtropical air-sea interaction and development of central Pacific El Niño

Author

Ruihuang Xie, Fei Huang, and Hong-Li Ren

Subjects
Sea surface temperature, Oceanography, Advection, Climatology, Anomaly (natural sciences), Cyclone, Wind stress, Ocean Engineering, Subtropics, Thermocline, Geology, Wind speed
Abstract

The standard deviation of the central Pacific sea surface temperature anomaly (SSTA) during the period from October to February shows that the central Pacific SSTA variation is primarily due to the occurrence of the Central Pacific El Nino (CP-El Nino) and has a connection with the subtropical air-sea interaction in the northeastern Pacific. After removing the influence of the Eastern Pacific El Nino, an S-EOF analysis is conducted and the leading mode shows a clear seasonal SSTA evolving from the subtropical northeastern Pacific to the tropical central Pacific with a quasi-biennial period. The initial subtropical SSTA is generated by the wind speed decrease and surface heat flux increase due to a north Pacific anomalous cyclone. Such subtropical SSTA can further influence the establishment of the SSTA in the tropical central Pacific via the wind-evaporation-SST (WES) feedback. After established, the central equatorial Pacific SSTA can be strengthened by the zonal advective feedback and thermocline feedback, and develop into CP-El Nino. However, as the thermocline feedback increases the SSTA cooling after the mature phase, the heat flux loss and the reversed zonal advective feedback can cause the phase transition of CP-El Nino. Along with the wind stress variability, the recharge (discharge) process occurs in the central (eastern) equatorial Pacific and such a process causes the phase consistency between the thermocline depth and SST anomalies, which presents a contrast to the original recharge/discharge theory.

Published
2013
Full Text
View/download PDF

15. ENSO Regime Change since the Late 1970s as Manifested by Two Types of ENSO

Author

Malte F. Stuecker, Fei-Fei Jin, Hong-Li Ren, and Ruihuang Xie

Subjects
Tropical pacific, Atmospheric Science, Sea surface temperature, La Niña, Regime change, El Niño Southern Oscillation, Climatology, Anomaly (natural sciences), Multivariate ENSO index, Atmospheric sciences, Geology
Abstract

During the late 1970s, the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) experienced a notable regime change, manifested by a change in amplitude, dominant ENSO period, and sea surface temperature anomaly (SSTA) propagation characteristics. The present study shows that these features of the ENSO regime change are associated with property changes of the canonical ENSO, i.e., cold-tongue (CT) type ENSO. Another signature of the ENSO regime change is manifested in the frequent occurrence of a warm-pool (WP) type ENSO that accompanies SSTAs centered over the central Pacific near the WP edge and exhibits characteristics differing from those of the CT ENSO. The distinct manifestations of the two types of ENSO detected in this ENSO regime change are clearly identifiable with the removal of the strong background decadal signal. Since the late 1970s, the WP ENSO has featured a weak eastward (westward) propagation of the SSTA center in the developing (decaying) phase, which makes no net contribution to the observed eastward propagation, and a 2 3y r period compared toth e 4 5 yr period of the CT ENSO. Observations strongly suggest that the WP and CT ENSO are independent quasi-biennial and quasi-quadrennial modes, respectively, of the tropical Pacific climate variability. Our observations also suggest that these two ENSO modes have coexisted actively since the late 1970s when either El Nino or La Nina can be separated into the two types.

Published
2013
Full Text
View/download PDF

16. Chronological Link Between the Abrupt Change of the Loess Grain Size Sequence and the Formation of River Terraces on the Eastern Margin of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Since the Late Early-Pleistocene

Author

Dongyan Liu, Weiran Li, Shasha Peng, Yansong Qiao, and Ruihuang Xie

Subjects
Paleontology, geography, Tectonic uplift, Early Pleistocene, geography.geographical_feature_category, Plateau, Terrace (geology), River terraces, Loess, Paleoclimatology, Geology, Magnetostratigraphy
Abstract

Based on the study of magnetostratigraphy, magnetic susceptibility and grain size of Garze A section on the southeastern margin of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau since the late early-Pleistocene, the basal age of Garze loess is located at ∼1.16 MaBP and a series of abrupt paleoclimatic changes is detected. The times of abrupt changes are of distinct series features, and the interval between each two adjacent abrupt changes is ∼50 kyr or ∼100 kyr. The most significant abrupt changes occur at around 1.06, 0.85, 0.6, 0.46, 0.39 and 0.14 MaBP. There is a chronological link between the abrupt changes of paleoclimate and the formation of river terraces and it is almost simultaneous with a strengthening trend of neotectonic activities. Therefore, maybe the climatic transition controll the timing of terrace formation, and the tectonic uplift originate potential energy and has a direct effect on channel incision, both the climatic transition and the tectonic uplift are important. Terraces are the products of the interaction of instable climatic variations and tectonic uplift. Like the loess-paleosol sequences, river terrace sequences are also controlled by the climate-tectonic coupling system and are ruled by climate-tectonic gyration with a ∼100 kyr paracycle, which may be the short eccentricity period of the earth.

Published
2011
Full Text
View/download PDF

17. An Improved Atmospheric Component of Zebiak-Cane Model for Simulating ENSO Winds.

Author

Ruihuang XIE, Fei-Fei JIN, and Fei HUANG

Subjects
EL Nino, SOUTHERN oscillation, OCEAN temperature, HEAT convection, WIND speed
Abstract

The atmospheric component of the Zebiak-Cane (ZC) coupled model is a simple elegant framework that plays an instrumental role in the investigation of the fundamental coupled dynamics of the tropical ocean-atmosphere interaction and the El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon. We attempt two simple thermal and dynamical modifications to reduce apparently spurious wind activities simulated by this atmospheric model in the eastern tropical Pacific under ENSO sea surface temperature (SST) anomaly forcing. First, motivated by established observational evidences, we manipulate the anomalous convective heating to be dependent on the sum of mean SST and SST anomalies and the low-level convergence. Second, we add an ad hoc parameterization for the effect of convective momentum transport (CMT) into the zonal momentum balance. By adding a background-dependent efficiency factor into convective heating and further adjusting the convective feedback parameter used in the original model, we are able to substantially reduce the wind bias in the tropical Pacific, especially in the eastern tropical Pacific. Meanwhile, with a simple CMT parameterization, it compensates an over reduction in the central Pacific wind due to the first modification. By comparing the simulated wind anomalies in our modified version with that from the original version and with the observation, we find that the equatorial wind response to observation SST anomaly forcing for the period 1982-2010 has been improved in terms of amplitudes and spatial patterns. We also show that these improvements are carried over to ZC coupled model as well when we add these modifications to coupled simulations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015
Full Text
View/download PDF

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results