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Background: To evaluate the clinical value of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio in the diagnosis and treatment of Crohn's disease. Methods: Between March 2018 and April 2020, patients diagnosed with CD at the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University were identified. A total of 128 patients with definite diagnosis, and 123 healthy people as the control group at the same time. The data of these patients were extracted retrospectively from their medical record. counts of white blood cells (WBC), counts of Neutrophils (NE), counts of lymphocyte (LY), hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) were recorded at the same time of colonoscopy. The IBM SPSS 20.0 software was used for the statistical analysis of data. Results: Levels of NLR in CD with ileocolon lesions were significantly higher than those in CD patients with ileum lesions (3.13 vs 2.72) (Z=-2.326, P=0.02). Levels of NLR in CD with colon lesions were higher than those in CD patients with ileocolon lesions (4.07 vs 3.13) (Z=-2.409, P=0.04). The levels of NLR, WBC, hs-CRP in activity stage were significantly higher than those in remission stage (P 9/L, and a highest AUC equal to 0.634 (0.565-0.703, P Conclusions: Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio can be used as a sensitive and reliable noninvasive marker in the course of Crohn's disease.

Background: To explore vitamin D(VD) levels in patients with Crohn's disease, and the correlation between VD levels and seasons, disease activity, lesion region, hormone therapy. To find the risk factors of VD deficiency and the role of VD in the pathogenesis and treatment of Crohn’s disease. Methods: Between March 2018 and December 2019, 86 patients diagnosed with CD at the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University were identified, and 86 healthy people were selected as the control group at the same time. VD, counts of white blood cells (WBC), hemoglobin (Hb), counts of platelet(PLT), C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), albumin (ALB) levels were recorded at the same time of colonoscopy. Logistic regression analysis of the relationship between disease activity, lesion region, hormone therapy and vitamin D deficiency in patients with Crohn's disease, and analyze possible risk factors. Results: The levels of VD in patients with CD was significantly lower than that in the healthy controls (35.10 nmol/L vs 67.60 nmol/L), the difference was statistically significant (Z= -10.527, P 250 × 109 /L, CRP ≥ 8 mg / L, ALB Conclusions: Patients with CD have low levels of VD, which is related to seasons. platelet count > 250 × 109 /L, CRP ≥ 8 mg / L, ALB < 30 g/L, and hormone therapy were risk factors for V D deficiency in patient with CD.

Background: Analyze the distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria that cause biliary tract infections in Nanjing, and provide evidence for the rational use of antibacterial drugs in clinical practice. Methods: Clinical strains isolated from bile specimens of patients suspected of biliary infection in the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University in 2019 were collected, The drug susceptibility criteria are based on the standards published by the National Standardization Committee of the US Clinical Laboratories. WHONET 5.6 software was used to analyze the distribution of pathogens and drug resistance. Results: A total of 693 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated, including 448 Gram-negative bacteria(64.6%), 245 Gram-positive bacteria (35.4%). The top three pathogens were 210 strains of Escherichia coli(30.3%), 87 strains of enterococcus faecium (12.6%), 76 strains of klebsiella pneumoniae (11.0%), The resistance rates of Escherichia coli to ampicillin, cefuroxime, cefazolin, ceftriaxone, piperacillin and ampicillin / sulbactam were 80.1%, 69.4%, 67.3%, 64.1%, 63.6% and 62.8%, The resistance rates of Klebsiella pneumoniae to ampicillin / sulbactam, cefuroxime and cefazolin were 65.8%, 64.5% and 61.1%, The resistance rates of Enterobacter cloacae to ceftriaxone, ceftazidime and aztreonam were 56.2%, 53.1% and 53.1%, The resistance rates of Enterococcus faecium to moxifloxacin, clindamycin, erythromycin, penicillin G, ampicillin, ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin were 100%, 90%, 76%, 72.1%, 64.4%, 64% and 62%. Conclusions: Pathogens of biliary tract infections are mainly Enterobacteriaceae such as Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae, followed by Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis. There were many drug-resistant bacteria, so we should pay attention to bile specimen culture and drug sensitivity test.

Objectives Gestational thrombocytopenia (GT) is the most common cause of thrombocytopenia during pregnancy. However, the occurrence and severity of thrombocytopenia throughout pregnancy in Chinese women are not fully defined. Methods We analyzed platelet counts in Chinese women who received prenatal care and/or delivered at the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University between January 2, 2018 and July 19, 2018 in China. These platelet counts were compared with those of nonpregnant women in the same study period. Results The platelet counts of all women continued to decrease significantly each trimester (p 9/L were more common in women with pregnancy-related complications than in women with uncomplicated pregnancy (26.7% vs. 19.7%, p = 0.03). Conclusions Platelet counts decrease throughout pregnancy in Chinese women and platelet counts less than 150 × 109/L were more common in women with pregnancy-related complications than in women with uncomplicated pregnancy. The pregnant women should be paid more attention for thrombocytopenia to avoid the occurrence of bleeding events.

This paper presents a charge redistributed successive approximation register analog-to-digital converter (SAR ADC). Compared with the traditional Digital-Analog Convertor (DAC), the power consumption of the DAC scheme is reduced by 90%, the area is reduced by 60%. The test chip fabricated in 180 nm Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) occupied an active area of 0.12 mm 2 . At 10 MS/s, a signal-to-noise and distortion ratio (SNDR) of 57.70 dB and a spurious-free dynamic range (SFDR) of 55.63 dB are measured with 1.68 Vpp differential-mode input signal. The total power consumption is 690 μW corresponding to 67 fJ/conversion step figure of merit.

Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) is a defective single negative chain RNA virus, as its envelope protein synthesis is dependent on hepatitis B virus (HBV). Studies have consistently shown that coinfection of HBV and HDV is the most serious form of viral hepatitis, with accelerated progression to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. About 74 million of HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) positive patients worldwide are also co-infected with HDV. Besides, patients with intravenous drug use and high-risk sexual behavior are at higher risk of HDV infection. Therapeutic schedules for HDV are limited, and relapse of HDV has been observed after treatment with pegylated interferon alpha. To reduce the transmission of HDV, all people infected with HBV should be screened for HDV. At present, several serological and molecular detection methods are widely used in the diagnosis of HDV. However, due to the lack of international standards diagnostic results from different laboratories are often not comparable. Therefore, the true prevalence of HDV is still unclear. In this manuscript, we have analyzed various factors influencing the estimation of HDV prevalence. We have also discussed about the advantages and disadvantages of currently available HDV laboratory diagnostic methods, in order to provide some ideas for improving the detection of HDV.

Objective: The objective of this study was to explore the association between serum markers neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and C-reactive protein (CRP) with intestinal lesion location and degree of inflammation in patients with Crohn's disease (CD).Design: The levels of serum NSE, CRP, and fecal calprotectin (FC) in patients with CD were analyzed retrospectively. The severity of inflammatory lesions in the intestinal wall was accessed using the Simple Endoscopic Score for Crohn's disease (SES-CD).Results: The levels of NSE in patients with CD were higher than those of healthy individuals (14.87 vs. 12.68 ng/ml, P < 0.001). The levels of CRP in patients with CD were higher than those of healthy individuals (12.30 vs. 3.40 mg/l, P < 0.001). The FC levels in patients with CD were higher than those of patients with non-inflammatory bowel disease (1,143.90 vs. 114.21 μg/g, P < 0.05). The levels of NSE in CD with ileal lesions and simultaneous ileal and colon lesions were significantly higher than those in patients with CD with colonic lesions. However, the CRP was higher in patients with colonic lesions than those with ileal lesions. The levels of NSE in patients with severe inflammation were higher than those in patients with moderate inflammation (15.95 vs. 13.89 ng/ml, P < 0.05). Similarly, the NSE levels in patients with CD with severe inflammation were higher than those in patients with CD with mild inflammation (15.95 vs. 13.53 ng/mL, P < 0.05). The levels of CRP in severe inflammation were higher than those in moderate inflammation (29.80 vs. 19.60 mg/l, P < 0.05). In addition, the CRP levels in severe inflammation were higher than those in mild inflammation (29.80 vs. 5.86 mg/l, P < 0.05). ROC curve analysis showed that when NSE was combined with CRP for distinguishing between patients with CD and those without CD, sensitivity increased to 80.41%, specificity increased to 74.66%, and a highest AUC was equal to 0.843.Conclusion: Our study shows that serum NSE and CRP can be used to assess the severity of CD as well as the location of intestinal involvement. Therefore, NSE and CRP could be used as the non-invasive tests in detecting the location and severity of disease in patients with CD in daily routine practice.

In this work, a 4.5kV/50A 4H-SiC PiN rectifiers with mesa combined with double-JTE structures is successfully developed for high power applications. Two-dimension numerical device simulator Silvaco-TCAD is applied to optimizing the electrical performance of fabricated rectifiers. Mesa-combined double-JTE structure is utilized to achieve a high blocking voltage with a wider optimum process latitude. A forward current is 50 A at room temperature when SiC PiN device bias 4.1 V, while the maximum blocking voltage achieved is 4.7 kV, reaching up to 86% of parallel-plane junction bulk breakdown.

Importance Rotavirus vaccines have been introduced worldwide, and the clinical association of different rotavirus vaccines with reduction in rotavirus gastroenteritis (RVGE) after introduction are noteworthy. Objective To evaluate the comparative benefit, risk, and immunogenicity of different rotavirus vaccines by synthesizing randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and observational studies. Data Sources Relevant studies published in 4 databases: Embase, PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were searched until July 1, 2020, using search terms including “rotavirus” and “vaccin*.” Study Selection Randomized clinical trials and cohort and case-control studies involving more than 100 children younger than 5 years that reported the effectiveness, safety, or immunogenicity of rotavirus vaccines were included. Data Extraction and Synthesis A random-effects model was used to calculate relative risks (RRs), odds ratios (ORs), risk differences, and 95% CIs. Adjusted indirect treatment comparison was performed to assess the differences in the protection of Rotarix and RotaTeq. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcomes were RVGE, severe RVGE, and RVGE hospitalization. Safety-associated outcomes involved serious adverse events, intussusception, and mortality. Results A meta-analysis of 20 RCTs and 38 case-control studies revealed that Rotarix (RV1) significantly reduced RVGE (RR, 0.316 [95% CI, 0.224-0.345]) and RVGE hospitalization risk (OR, 0.347 [95% CI, 0.279-0.432]) among children fully vaccinated; RotaTeq (RV5) had similar outcomes (RVGE: RR, 0.350 [95% CI, 0.275-0.445]; RVGE hospitalization risk: OR, 0.272 [95% CI, 0.197-0.376]). Rotavirus vaccines also demonstrated higher protection against severe RVGE. Additionally, no significant differences in the protection of RV1 and RV5 against rotavirus disease were noted in adjusted indirect comparisons. Moderate associations were found between reduced RVGE risk and Rotavac (RR, 0.664 [95% CI, 0.548-0.804]), Rotasiil (RR, 0.705 [95% CI, 0.605-0.821]), and Lanzhou lamb rotavirus vaccine (RR, 0.407 [95% CI, 0.332-0.499]). All rotavirus vaccines demonstrated no risk of serious adverse events. A positive correlation was also found between immunogenicity and vaccine protection (eg, association of RVGE with RV1: coefficient, −1.599; adjustedR2, 99.7%). Conclusions and Relevance The high protection and low risk of serious adverse events for rotavirus vaccines in children who were fully vaccinated emphasized the importance of worldwide introduction of rotavirus vaccination. Similar protection provided by Rotarix and RotaTeq relieves the pressure of vaccines selection for health care authorities.

This paper studies the radiation resistance for GaInP/GaInAs/Ge triple-junction space solar cells with a GaInP back-surface field (BSF) in the GaInAs middle subcell compared with those with an AlGaAs BSF. The results show that the initial electrical performance is almost the same for both of them. However, the radiation resistance of the GaInP BSF cell was improved. After irradiation by 1 MeV electron beam with a cumulative dose of 1015 e/cm2, the Jsc declined by 4.73% and 6.61% for the GaInP BSF cell and the AlGaAs BSF cell, respectively, the efficiency degradation was 13.64% and 14.61% for the GaInP BSF cell and the AlGaAs BSF cell, respectively, leading to a reduced degradation level of 6%. The mechanism for GaInP BSF to improve the radiation resistance of GaInP/GaInAs/Ge triple-junction solar cells is also discussed in this work. Similar results were obtained when irradiation cumulative doses varied from 1 &times, 1014 e/cm2 to 1 &times, 1016 e/cm2.

In this paper, a 13.4 kV/55 A 4H-silicon carbide (SiC) PiN diode with a better trade-off between blocking voltage, differential on-resistance, and technological process complexity has been successfully developed. A multiple zone gradient modulation field limiting ring (MGM-FLR) for extremely high-power handling applications was applied and investigated. The reverse blocking voltage of 13.4 kV, close to 95% of the theoretical value of parallel plane breakdown voltage, was obtained at a leakage current of 10 &mu, A for a 100 &mu, m thick, lightly doped, 5 &times, 1014 cm&minus, 3 n-type SiC epitaxial layer. Meanwhile, a fairly low differential on-resistance of 2.5 m&Omega, &middot, cm2 at 55 A forward current (4.1 m&Omega, cm2 at a current density of 100 A/cm2) was calculated for the fabricated SiC PiN with 0.1 cm2 active area. The highest Baliga&rsquo, s figure-of-merit (BFOM) of 72 GW/cm2 was obtained for the fabricated SiC PiN diode. Additionally, the dependence of the breakdown voltage on transition region width, number of rings in each zone, as well as the junction-to-ring spacing of SiC PiN diodes is also discussed. Our findings indicate that this proposed device structure is one potential candidate for an ultra-high voltage power system, and it represents an option to maximize power density and reduce system complexity.

Nitrogen enriched porous nanocarbon, graphene and conductive polymers attracted increasing attention in the application of supercapacitors. However, the electrode material possessing large specific surface area (SSA) and high nitrogen doping concentration simultaneously, which is needed for excellent supercapacitors, has not been achieved thus far. Herein, we developed a class of tetracyanoquinodimethane-derived conductive microporous covalent triazine-based frameworks (marked as TCNQ-CTFs) with high nitrogen content (> 8%) and large SSA (> 3600 m²/g) at the same time. These CTFs exhibited excellent specific capacitances with the highest value exceeding 380 F/g, considerable energy density of 42.8 Wh/kg and remarkable cycling stability without any capacitance degradation after 10000 cycles. This class of CTFs should hold a great potential as high-performance electrode material for electrochemical energy storage system.

Background High level of red blood cell distribution width (RDW) has been associated with adverse outcomes in coronary artery disease patients. We aimed to investigate the relationship between RDW and the risk of myocardial injury in chest pain patients. Methods and Results We retrospectively reviewed 2078 chest pain patients with suspected acute myocardial infarction. Myocardial injury was defined as high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) >14 ng/L. RDW was associated with hs-cTnT (r = 0.607) and the risk of myocardial injury stepwise increased across increasing RDW quartiles in all subgroups based on age and sex. The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was calculated to assess the elevated RDW to predict myocardial injury, with the cutoff value of 13.25%. RDW had a high sensitivity (78.10%), specificity (87.44%), as well as positive predictive value (77.48%). The area under the curve (AUC) for all patients was 0.88 (95%CI 0.87, 0.90) and there is no statistical significant in AUCs for all subgroups. Conclusions Elevated RDW was significantly associated with a higher risk of myocardial injury in chest pain patients with potential acute myocardial infarction. The RDW may be helpful to identify myocardial injury in such patients.

Design and synthesis of adsorbents for efficient decontamination of hazardous contaminants Hg2+ from wastewater, based on a facile and economical strategy, is an attractive target. Here, a novel sulfur rich microporous polymer (sulfur content of 31.4 wt %) with high surface area as well as densely populated sulfur atom with fast accessibility was reported to remove mercury (II) from water. The as prepared polymer (SMP) exhibited high binding affinity, high adsorption capacities, rapid adsorption kinetics, and good recyclability for Hg2+. The adsorption capacity of SMP was 595.2 mg g−1. Furthermore, SMP could reduce trace concentrations of Hg2+ from 200 p. p. b. to a level below drinking water standards (2 p. p. b.) within 3 min. This work allows large-scale production of sulfur rich porous materials for the practical application in water treatment.

The total charge-changing cross-sections and the partial cross-sections for projectile fragments (PFs) production for the fragmentation of 12C on C, Al, Cu, Pb and CH2 targets at the highest energy of 290[Formula: see text]A[Formula: see text]MeV were studied. It was found that the total charge-changing reaction cross-sections and the partial reaction cross-sections of PFs production were independent of the beam energy, and increased with increase of mass of target for the same beam energy. The total charge-changing reaction cross-section was the same as the prediction of Bradt–Peters semi-empirical formula, PHITS and NUCFRG2 simulation models. The partial cross-section of PFs production increased with the increase of the mass of target, and it was the same as the prediction of NUCFRG2 models. The mean scattering angle of projectile particle was smaller than the average emission angle of PF, and the width of scattering angle distribution of projectile particle was smaller than that of emission angle distribution of PFs. The mean emission angle of PFs does not obviously depend on the target mass and beam energy in our studied beam energy regions.

An inexpensive and effective cobalt coordinated conjugated microporous polymer (Co-CMP-2) made up from cross-linked an ethanediamine-based salen ligand with 1,3,5-triethynylbenzene. Co-CMP-2 exhibited extremely high catalytic efficiency in the synthesis of cyclic carbonates from CO2 and epoxides, which is superior to that of previously reported Co-CMP. Co-CMP-2 achieved a TOF of 23300 h−1 for ethylene carbonate. Moreover, the catalyst can be reused more than 10 times without significant loss in activity.

Covalent triazine-based frameworks (CTFs) are important microporous materials with a wide range of applications. Here, we demonstrate an environmentally benign and economic synthetic pathway to CTFs. The monomers used for CTFs, aromatic nitriles, were obtained by cyanation using nontoxic potassium hexacyanoferrate (Ⅱ) in place of commonly used toxic cyanides. Then, the CTFs were synthesized by trimerization of the corresponding cyano monomers in molten zinc chloride. A series of CTFs was synthesized, and the highest Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area measured in this series was 2404 m 2 /g. Among the synthesized CTFs, CTF DCP exhibited excellent CO 2 adsorption properties, with a CO 2 uptake of 225 mg/g at 0℃.

A mixed metal organic–inorganic perovskite (CH3NH3)2AgSbI6 was developed in which pairs of the Pb(II) atoms in traditional CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite are replaced by Sb(III)/Ag(I) aliovalent units. We used density functional theory (DFT) calculations (the GLLB-SC method) with spin–orbit coupling corrections to predict the optical band gap of the most stable MA2AgSbI6 structure (2.00 eV). The results suggest that it is a promising light absorber. We then synthesized the double perovskite MA2AgSbI6 and confirmed its structure using X-ray diffraction (XRD). The optical band gap (1.93 eV) is in good agreement with the DFT calculations. The band positions of the material (vs. vacuum) are provided for future uses such as achieving the precise energy level alignments for potential photovoltaic applications. This perovskite material exhibits excellent stability in ambient air.

Porous carbons as solid-state adsorbents have recently attracted considerable interest in the areas of storage and capture of CO2 as well as the adsorption of radioactive matters. In this work, cigarette butts, one kind of common wastes referring to the filters, were utilized to prepare highly porous carbons by KOH activation in argon atmosphere. The resulting porous carbon shows a high specific surface area of up to 2751 m2 g−1 with abundant micropores. The resulting porous carbon exhibits excellent iodine uptake of 262 wt% and high CO2 adsorption capacity of 6.0 mmol g−1 at ambient pressure and 273 K, which both are among the highest values reported to date. Given these excellent iodine uptake, CO2 adsorption capacity, ease of preparation as well as good physiochemical stability, the porous carbons derived from cigarette butts show great potential in the reversible adsorption of radioactive iodine and CO2.

In this paper, Au nanoshell arrays, serving as a photo-activated material, are fabricated via the combination of self-assembled nanosphere lithography and the thermal decomposing polymer method. The intensity and position of surface plasmonic resonance can be tuned from the visible region to the near-infrared region by changing the size of Au nanoshell arrays. When resonance absorption peaks of metal nanoparticles are matched with emission wavelengths of core-shell CdSe/CdS quantum dots, fluorescent intensity of CdSe/CdS quantum dots can be strongly enhanced. The physical mechanism of fluorescent enhancement is explained.

A concise and efficient one-pot synthesis of multi-halogen pyrazino[1,2-a]indole-1,8(2H,5aH)-dione (MHPID) derivatives by the reaction of an enamino ester with multi-halogen benzoquinone derivatives is described. MHPIDs 3a–3d were obtained with good yields (78–83%) by refluxing enamino esters 1a and 1b and tetrahalogen-1,4-benzoquinones 2a and 2b for 24 h without the use of catalysts. Compounds 3e–3p were also obtained with excellent yields (69–92%) via the reaction of the phenyl-substituted enamino esters 1c–1h with tetrahalogen-1,4-benzoquinones 2a and 2b in CH3CN catalyzed by Cs2CO3 . These two protocols are efficient and effective for the synthesis of MHPIDs.

Binary colloidal crystals (BCCs) possess great potentials in tuning material and optical properties. In this paper, the combination of interface transferred method and spin-coating method is used to fabricate BCCs with different patterns via controlling the size ratio of small (S) to large (L) colloidal spheres and the spin speeds. It is found that BCCs formed LS2, LS4 and LS6 by changing the size ratio. In addition, there are some new and complicated structures, such as LS12, Janus arrays, formed at the low spin speed. This simple assembly method has potential to allow for the creation of optical metmaterials and the plasmonic structures with chiral optical properties.

Hydrogen storage is a primary challenge for using hydrogen as a fuel. With ideal hydrogen storage kinetics, the weak binding strength of hydrogen to sorbents is the key barrier to obtain decent hydrogen storage performance. Here, we reported the rational synthesis of a methyllithium-doped naphthyl-containing conjugated microporous polymer with exceptional binding strength of hydrogen to the polymer guided by theoretical simulations. Meanwhile, the experimental results showed that isosteric heat can reach up to 8.4 kJ mol(-1) and the methyllithium-doped naphthyl-containing conjugated microporous polymer exhibited an enhanced hydrogen storage performance with 150 % enhancement compared with its counterpart naphthyl-containing conjugated microporous polymer. These results indicate that this strategy provides a direction for design and synthesis of new materials that meet the US Department of Energy (DOE) hydrogen storage target.

Noble metals nanoparticles (NMNPs) due to unique physical and chemical properties have attracted intense scientific interest for wide applications. Nanosphere lithography demonstrates a feasible strategy to achieve various metal nanostructures. In this paper, ZnO array is fabricated by magnetron sputtering method based on self-assemble polystyrene spheres (PSs) array. The thermal decomposition is used to achieve ZnO shell arrays by removing polystyrene spheres (PSs). The size of ZnO shell arrays can be controlled by changing the size of PS spheres. Disordered Au nanoballs coated on ZnO shell array are fabricated by electron beam deposition and the thermal decomposition to enhance optical properties of ZnO shell array. Optical properties, Morphology and chemical composition of Au nanoballs coated on ZnO shell array are analyzed by UV–vis Spectrophotometer, SEM and XRD. Based on localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of the metal nanoparticles, the optical properties of ZnO shell array are enhanced by disordered Au nanoballs. Hence, it can be potentially applied in related optoelectronic devices.

The neutral silicone glass sealant was prepared and the mechanical performance of this silicone glass sealant was researched in this paper. The recipe of neutral silicone glass sealant was studied. Besides, the influence of different cross-linking agents was researched; meanwhile, the effect of plasticizer and reinforcing agent on the mechanical properties of the material was studied. To obtain the best properties of neutral silicone glass sealant, the recipe should be taken further efforts to optimize.

Two novel CMPs networks with (A4 + B3) type and (A4 + B2) type were synthesized by Pb(II)/Cu(I)-catalyzed Sonogashira–Hagihara cross-coupling polymerization. The resulting CMPs show high thermal stability with a decomposition temperature above 300 °C. The CMPs exhibit high specific surface areas up to 788 m2 g−1. Using them as porous platforms, the CO2 adsorption of CMPs was investigated. Meanwhile, the synthesized CMPs show surface superhydrophobicity with water contact angle about 157° due to the microporous morphological structures and the strongly hydrophobic chemical compositions. The organic liquid uptake of CMPs samples was measured up to 1522 wt% for a variety of organic solvents. Furthermore, simply coating of the resulting CMPs on the stainless steel grid enables the wettability of grid changing from hydrophilicity to superhydrophobicity and superoleophilicity, which makes them potential candidates for selective adsorption of oils and organics from water.

Background There are few data available on the association between serum uric acid (UA) and prehypertension when hypertension prevention efforts may be applicable. Methods We performed a cross-sectional study to evaluate risk of prehypertension and its association with serum UA and other confounding factors. Levels of serum UA, blood pressure, body mass index (BMI) and some related factors were detected. Results Participants with prehypertension had higher levels of serum UA and BMI. Compared to those with normotension, the multivariate-adjusted odds ratios [ORs, 95% confidence interval (CI)] for men with prehypertension were 1.33 (95% CI, 1.08–3.91) of serum UA and 1.21 (95% CI, 1.17–1.29) of BMI. In women, the ORs were 1.96 (95% CI, 1.21–3.46) and 1.28 (95% CI, 1.14–2.46), respectively. Increasing serum UA and BMI were associated with increased risk of prehypertension. Compared with the lowest quartiles, the highest serum UA and BMI quartiles entailed > 4.4 times greater risk of prehypertension. In sex-specific analysis, OR was 2.41 (95% CI, 1.55–3.75) for men and 7.37 (95% CI, 4.16–13.0) for women. Conclusions Both high serum UA and high BMI are associated with risk of prehypertension. Individuals with higher serum UA and BMI simultaneously have a higher risk for prehypertension, especially for women.

Conjugated microporous polymer nanotubes (CMPNs) with a surface area of up to 1368 m2 g−1 were synthesized by a simple one-step crosscoupling reaction and employed as a platform for investigation of CO2 and I2 adsorption. A high adsorption capacity of up to 208 wt% for reversible I2 capture was achieved.

Zinc-coordinated conjugated microporous polymers (zn-cmps), prepared by linking salen zinc and 1,3,5-triethynylbenzene, exhibit extraordinary activities (turnover frequencies of up to 11600 h(-1)), broad substrate scope, and group tolerance for the synthesis of functional organic carbonates by coupling epoxides with co2 at 120 degrees c and 3.0 mpa without the use of additional solvents. the catalytic activity of zn-cmp is comparable to those of homogeneous catalysts and superior to those of other heterogeneous catalysts. this catalyst could be reused more than ten times without a significant decrease in performance.

We reported a bifunctional material, Cr-salen implanted conjugated microporous polymer (Cr-CMP), which is able to capture excellent CO2 amounts and has a remarkable catalytic activity towards the cycloaddition reaction of CO2 to epoxides forming cyclic carbonates at mild conditions without additional solvents. This heterogeneous Cr-CMP catalyst has a superior catalytic activity to its related homogeneous catalyst and can be reused more than ten times without a significant decrease in catalytic activity.

3D flower-like bismuth trisulphide microcrystallines has been successfully prepared via one step hydrothermal process and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and laser Raman spectrometer techniques. The morphologies of the Bi2S3 microcrystallines were influenced by the surfactant Na2(EDTA), which acts as a structure directing agent.

In this paper, GaAs PHEMT samples are prepared by the method of molecular beam epitaxy (MBE), The optimal parameters are determined by studying the impact of the barrier layer thickness, spacer layer thickness, Al composition of the barrier layer and the spacer layer , the channel thickness and channel In composition on Ns and μn.

It is of significance to research high-removal efficiency and low-cost CMP process for the 65 nm and below node. Chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) can realize the planarization of the wafer with free defects, free contamination and below nanometer level roughness. Test project of CMP slurry is main contain of these detections such as pH value, chelating agent content, SiO2 gel particle size, ζ-potential detection and the observation by Transmission electron microscopy (TEM). End point detection method of pattern wafer CMP usually includes the non destructive optical measurement, motor current feedback measurement and polishing pad temperature test. The main problems of the measurement for pattern wafer CMP are critical dimension (CD), section, film thickness, defects and particles measurement. Some of the new type of testing technology, such as atomic force profiler (AFP), can be used to compare CMP effect, such as dishing, erosion, tungsten plugs, the height of steps and flatness of the wafer, which is significant for wafer CMP research.

Chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) is the best global planarization technology of GLSI process. After CMP process, there may appear large roughness, micro scratch, dishing pit, erosion pit, with-in-wafer-non-uniformity (WIWNU), organic contamination, particles and metal ions pollution on wafer with copper interconnects. Surface measurement of CMP process on the wafer mainly involves the test of roughness, defects and the contaminations. Atomic force profiler (AFP) combined with the resolution of the AFM and long-range-scan ability of the steps instrument (100 mm), is suitable for CMP process which needs to measure both the planarization of long-range scanning and tungsten plug and copper interconnects with high resolution imaging. Optical detection technology combined with the advantages of dark and bright view detection is suitable for detection of particles, crystal originated pits (COP), defects, etc. The time-of-flight static secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) and total reflection X-ray fluorescence (TXRF) are applicable to detect metal ions. The selection and use of advanced data analysis theory and method can help to improve the speed of analysis and to find the main factors of influence surface quality. Pareto diagram analysis is very beneficial for study polishing effects and the main reason of the surface state for Cu-CMP wafer. Nine sampling method and five sampling method fit to analysis the uniform surface distribution, on the contrast isometric sampling can reflect the distribution of the surface state along the radius difference.

The way to determine the optimal solids content of TiO2 in DSSC working electrode was discussed. As a mathematical proof of the optimal conclusion extracting from the complex working mechanism of DSSCs and accidental factors, the equivalent circuit parameters of each curve are estimated corresponds to the equivalent circuit method first. And then, the trends in each parameter are analyzed. According to these trends, the optimal solids content of TiO2 are optimal identified

Characterization of the surface morphology after CMP vital refers to the roughness of surface outline at present. The two dimensional parameters characterization based on scanning the outline of surface as the test foundation already cannot satisfy the requirements of engineering; hence three dimensional detection and quantitative calculation of surface morphology can complete characterization. Characterization of surface morphology has made great development from low to high precision accuracy, from a single variety of touch probe to optical, atomic force, and other varieties, from the contact to non-contact, from two dimensions to three dimensions, from a single roughness measurement to simultaneously measurement of waviness, shape error outline information. Scanning probe microscopy can give surface topography of the whole measured area. Because discrimination all can reach the nanometer level surface roughness in x, y and z three directions, Scanning probe microscopy is suitable for measured structure with vertical structure units in nm magnitude and horizontal area in μm scale.

Silicon etching is an essential process step for the fabrication of micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS). However, the rough edge of the silicon etching technology has some resistance to microspheres. This study presents fabrication process of the SU-8 photoresists mold which provides sharp edges and smooth sidewalls of the channel and details the RIE bonding of PDMS and glass substrate to realize the fabrication of microfluidic chips. This paper also investigates the hydrodynamic focusing and microsphere single-pass based on sheath flow with the aid of the plunger piston, which is important to the further combination of the microfluidic chip and the flow cytometry.

By analyzing the transmitionce and heat rate of insulating antireflection films conposed by refractive-index adjustable SiO2 layer and TiO2 layers, the optimum combination of antireflection films of BIPV is obtained. The absorption rate at the ultraviolet part that wavelenght excessive inadequate 400nm of the optimized fils is 99.9%, which are directly designed on the surface of the low iron tempered glass panel of BIPV, and in the wavelength range 400nm-800nm, the visible light transmitionce rate is up to 99.5%, and the heat that wavelenght excessive 800nm is reflected of 20%. For the multilayer heat insulation films are composed with the same kind of material while with different refractive indexes, there is no projecting stress between these films and no constraints during the production process of different films for the possible low cost heat insulating of BIPV.