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Objective: To investigate the effects of Salvia miltiorrhiza on cerebral infarction volume, nerve behavior and brain tissue SOD, GSH-Px, MDA, GDNF, BDNF in rats with focal cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury. Methods: Healthy adult male SD rats (clean grade) 80, were randomly divided into sham operation group (saline), model group (saline), low dose group (10 mg/kg salvianolate), high dose group (30 mg/kg salvianolate) and edaravone group (6 mg/ kg) with 16 rats in each groups were compared after operation in rats, 48 h neural behavior of 24 h and 72 h scores, cerebral infarction volume 24 h after operation; SOD, GSH-Px and other indicators of brain tissue of rats after the determination of 72 h. Results: After 24 h, low dose group, high dose group and edaravone group, the cerebral infarction volume were less than the model group, high dose group and edaravone group, the infarct volume was less than the low dose group; after 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, scores of neurological behavior in the low dose group and high dose group and Yidala in the study group were lower than model group, neural behavior in high dose group and edaravone group scores were lower than the low dose group; low dose group, high dose group and edaravone group in the brain tissue of SOD, GSH-Px, BDNF, GDNF were higher than that of model group, and MDA was lower than that of model group; high dose group and edaravone group in the brain tissue of SOD, GSH-Px, BDNF, GDNF were higher than those in the low dose group, and MDA was lower than that of low dose group. Conclusion: The treatment of focal cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury in rats by inhibiting lipid peroxidation, protecting Magnesium Oxide's activity, thereby reaching the therapeutic effect.