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1. Multivariate Predictors of Lyman Continuum Escape. II. Predicting Lyman Continuum Escape Fractions for High-redshift Galaxies

Author

Anne E. Jaskot, Anneliese C. Silveyra, Anna Plantinga, Sophia R. Flury, Matthew Hayes, John Chisholm, Timothy Heckman, Laura Pentericci, Daniel Schaerer, Maxime Trebitsch, Anne Verhamme, Cody Carr, Henry C. Ferguson, Zhiyuan Ji, Mauro Giavalisco, Alaina Henry, Rui Marques-Chaves, Göran Östlin, Alberto Saldana-Lopez, Claudia Scarlata, Gábor Worseck, and Xinfeng Xu

Subjects
Astrostatistics, Reionization, High-redshift galaxies, Starburst galaxies, Interstellar medium, Ultraviolet astronomy, Astrophysics, QB460-466
Abstract

JWST is uncovering the properties of ever-increasing numbers of galaxies at z > 6, during the epoch of reionization. Connecting these observed populations to the process of reionization requires understanding how efficiently they produce Lyman continuum (LyC) photons and what fraction ( f _esc ) of these photons escape into the intergalactic medium. By applying the Cox proportional hazards model, a survival analysis technique, to the Low-redshift Lyman Continuum Survey (LzLCS), we develop new, empirical, multivariate predictions for f _esc . The models developed from the LzLCS reproduce the observed f _esc for z ∼ 3 samples, which suggests that LyC emitters may share similar properties at low and high redshift. Our best-performing models for the z ∼ 3 galaxies include information about dust attenuation, ionization, and/or morphology. We then apply these models to z ≳ 6 galaxies. For large photometric samples, we find a median predicted f _esc = 0.047–0.14. For smaller spectroscopic samples, which may include stronger emission-line galaxies, we find that ≥33% of the galaxies have f _esc > 0.2, and we identify several candidate extreme leakers with f _esc ≥ 0.5. The current samples show no strong trend between predicted f _esc and UV magnitude, but limited spectroscopic information makes this result uncertain. Multivariate predictions can give significantly different results from single-variable predictions, and the predicted f _esc for high-redshift galaxies can differ significantly depending on whether star formation rate surface density or radius is used as a measure of galaxy morphology. We provide all parameters necessary to predict f _esc for additional samples of high-redshift galaxies using these models.

Published
2024
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2. Multivariate Predictors of Lyman Continuum Escape. I. A Survival Analysis of the Low-redshift Lyman Continuum Survey

Author

Anne E. Jaskot, Anneliese C. Silveyra, Anna Plantinga, Sophia R. Flury, Matthew Hayes, John Chisholm, Timothy Heckman, Laura Pentericci, Daniel Schaerer, Maxime Trebitsch, Anne Verhamme, Cody Carr, Henry C. Ferguson, Zhiyuan Ji, Mauro Giavalisco, Alaina Henry, Rui Marques-Chaves, Göran Östlin, Alberto Saldana-Lopez, Claudia Scarlata, Gábor Worseck, and Xinfeng Xu

Subjects
Astrostatistics, Reionization, High-redshift galaxies, Starburst galaxies, Interstellar medium, Ultraviolet astronomy, Astrophysics, QB460-466
Abstract

To understand how galaxies reionized the Universe, we must determine how the escape fraction of Lyman continuum (LyC) photons ( f _esc ) depends on galaxy properties. Using the z ∼ 0.3 Low-redshift Lyman Continuum Survey (LzLCS), we develop and analyze new multivariate predictors of f _esc . These predictions use the Cox proportional hazards model, a survival analysis technique that incorporates both detections and upper limits. Our best model predicts the LzLCS f _esc detections with an rms scatter of 0.31 dex, better than single-variable correlations. According to ranking techniques, the most important predictors of f _esc are the equivalent width (EW) of Lyman-series absorption lines and the UV dust attenuation, which track line-of-sight absorption due to H i and dust. The H i absorption EW is uniquely crucial for predicting f _esc for the strongest LyC emitters, which show properties similar to weaker LyC emitters and whose high f _esc may therefore result from favorable orientation. In the absence of H i information, star formation rate surface density (Σ _SFR ) and [O iii ]/[O ii ] ratio are the most predictive variables and highlight the connection between feedback and f _esc . We generate a model suitable for z > 6, which uses only the UV slope, Σ _SFR , and [O iii ]/[O ii ]. We find that Σ _SFR is more important in predicting f _esc at higher stellar masses, whereas [O iii ]/[O ii ] plays a greater role at lower masses. We also analyze predictions for other parameters, such as the ionizing-to-nonionizing flux ratio and Ly α escape fraction. These multivariate models represent a promising tool for predicting f _esc at high redshift.

Published
2024
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3. The Low-redshift Lyman Continuum Survey: Optically Thin and Thick Mg ii Lines as Probes of Lyman Continuum Escape

Author

Xinfeng Xu, Alaina Henry, Timothy Heckman, John Chisholm, Rui Marques-Chaves, Floriane Leclercq, Danielle A. Berg, Anne Jaskot, Daniel Schaerer, Gábor Worseck, Ricardo O. Amorín, Hakim Atek, Matthew Hayes, Zhiyuan Ji, Göran Östlin, Alberto Saldana-Lopez, and Trinh Thuan

Subjects
Galaxy evolution, Reionization, Optical astronomy, Emission line galaxies, Astrophysics, QB460-466
Abstract

The Mg ii λλ 2796, 2803 doublet has been suggested as a useful indirect indicator for the escape of Ly α and Lyman continuum (LyC) photons in local star-forming galaxies. However, studies to date have focused on small samples of galaxies with strong Mg ii or strong LyC emission. Here, we present the first study of Mg ii to probe a large dynamic range of galaxy properties, using newly obtained high-signal-to-noise, moderate-resolution spectra of Mg ii , for a sample of 34 galaxies selected from the Low-redshift Lyman Continuum Survey. We show that the galaxies in our sample have Mg ii profiles ranging from strong emission to P-Cygni profiles to pure absorption. We find that there is a significant trend (with a possibility of spurious correlations of ∼2%) that galaxies that are detected as strong LyC emitters (LCEs) show larger equivalent widths of Mg ii emission, while non-LCEs tend to show evidence of more scattering and absorption features in Mg ii . We then find that Mg ii strongly correlates with Ly α in both equivalent width and escape fraction, regardless of whether emission or absorption dominates the Mg ii profiles. Furthermore, we show that, for galaxies that are categorized as Mg ii emitters, one can use the information of Mg ii , metallicity, and dust to estimate the escape fraction of LyC within a factor of ∼3. These findings confirm that Mg ii lines can be used as a tool for selecting galaxies as LCEs and thus serve as an indirect indicator for the escape of Ly α and LyC.

Published
2023
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4. Tracing Lyα and LyC Escape in Galaxies with Mg ii Emission

Author

Xinfeng Xu, Alaina Henry, Timothy Heckman, John Chisholm, Gábor Worseck, Max Gronke, Anne Jaskot, Stephan R. McCandliss, Sophia R. Flury, Mauro Giavalisco, Zhiyuan Ji, Ricardo O. Amorín, Danielle A. Berg, Sanchayeeta Borthakur, Nicolas Bouche, Cody Carr, Dawn K. Erb, Harry Ferguson, Thibault Garel, Matthew Hayes, Kirill Makan, Rui Marques-Chaves, Michael Rutkowski, Göran Östlin, Marc Rafelski, Alberto Saldana-Lopez, Claudia Scarlata, Daniel Schaerer, Maxime Trebitsch, Christy Tremonti, Anne Verhamme, Bingjie Wang, Astronomy, Centre de Recherche Astrophysique de Lyon (CRAL), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Ultraviolet astronomy, Reionization, [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Space and Planetary Science, Starburst galaxies, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Emission line galaxies, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Interstellar dust
Abstract

Star-forming galaxies are considered the likeliest source of the H i ionizing Lyman continuum (LyC) photons that reionized the intergalactic medium at high redshifts. However, above z ≳ 6, the neutral intergalactic medium prevents direct observations of LyC. Therefore, recent years have seen the development of indirect indicators for LyC that can be calibrated at lower redshifts and applied in the epoch of reionization. Emission from the Mg ii λλ2796, 2803 doublet has been proposed as a promising LyC proxy. In this paper, we present new Hubble Space Telescope/Cosmic Origins Spectrograph observations for eight LyC emitter candidates, selected to have strong Mg ii emission lines. We securely detect LyC emission in 50% (4/8) of the galaxies with 2σ significance. This high detection rate suggests that strong Mg ii emitters might be more likely to leak LyC than similar galaxies without strong Mg ii. Using photoionization models, we constrain the escape fraction of Mg ii as ∼15%–60%. We confirm that the escape fraction of Mg ii correlates tightly with that of Lyα, which we interpret as an indication that the escape fraction of both species is controlled by resonant scattering in the same low column density gas. Furthermore, we show that the combination of the Mg ii emission and dust attenuation can be used to estimate the escape fraction of LyC statistically. These findings confirm that Mg ii emission can be adopted to estimate the escape fraction of Lyα and LyC in local star-forming galaxies and may serve as a useful indirect indicator at the epoch of reionization.

Published
2022
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5. The discovery of the most UV–Ly α luminous star-forming galaxy: a young, dust- and metal-poor starburst with QSO-like luminosities

Author

C. Jiménez-Ángel, C. Dalla Vecchia, Yiping Shu, Luis Colina, Takuya Hashimoto, Daniel Schaerer, Ismael Perez-Fournon, Rui Marques-Chaves, J. Álvarez-Márquez, Unidad de Excelencia Científica María de Maeztu Centro de Astrobiología del Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial y CSIC, MDM-2017-0737, Shu, Y. [0000-0002-9063-698X], Dalla Vecchia, C. [0000-0002-2620-7056], Marqués Chaves, R. [0000-0001-8442-1846], Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO), and Spanish State Research Agency (AEI)

Subjects
Gran Telescopio Canarias, SLOPE, SIMILAR-TO 2, Stellar mass, MODELS, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Luminosity, 0103 physical sciences, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Star formation, Astronomy and Astrophysics, REGIONS, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, formation [Galaxies], Galaxy, Redshift, EVOLUTION, Baryon, Gravitational lens, Space and Planetary Science, EMITTERS, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), DENSITY, high redshift [Galaxies], high-redshift [galaxies]
Abstract

We report the discovery of BOSS-EUVLG1 at z = 2.469, by far the most luminous, almost un-obscured star-forming galaxy known at any redshift. First classified as a QSO within the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey, follow-up observations with the Gran Telescopio Canarias reveal that its large luminosity, MUV ≃ -24.40 and log(LLyα/erg s-1) ≃ 44.0, is due to an intense burst of star formation, and not to an active galactic nucleus or gravitational lensing. BOSS-EUVLG1 is a compact (reff ≃ 1.2 kpc), young (4-5 Myr) starburst with a stellar mass log(Mz.ast;/M) = 10.0-0.1 and a prodigious star formation rate of ≃1000 M yr-1. However, it is metal- and dust-poor [12 + log(O/H) = 8.13 ± 0.19, E(B - V) ≃ 0.07, log(LIR/LUV) < -1.2], indicating that we are witnessing the very early phase of an intense starburst that has had no time to enrich the ISM. BOSS-EUVLG1 might represent a short-lived (, With funding from the Spanish government through the "María de Maeztu Unit of Excellence" accreditation (MDM-2017-0737)

Published
2020
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6. Rest-frame UV properties of luminous strong gravitationally lensed Ly alpha emitters from the BELLS GALLERY Survey

Author

C. Jiménez-Ángel, Takashi Kojima, R. Shirley, Luis Colina, Antonio D. Montero-Dorta, J. Álvarez-Márquez, Adam S. Bolton, Frédérick Poidevin, S. Geier, Yiping Shu, Rui Marques-Chaves, J. R. Brownstein, Shude Mao, Masamune Oguri, Zheng Zheng, Masami Ouchi, Matthew Cornachione, Ismael Perez-Fournon, Poidevin, F. [0000-0002-5391-5568], Marqués Chaves, R. [0000-0001-8442-1846], Shu, Y. [0000-0002-9063-698X], Shirley, R. [0000-0002-1114-0135], Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI), National Science Foundation (NSF), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICINN), Unidad de Excelencia Científica María de Maeztu Centro de Astrobiología del Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial y CSIC, Unidad de Excelencia Científica María de Maeztu Centro de Astrobiología del Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial y CSIC, MDM-2017-0737, and Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO)

Subjects
Gran Telescopio Canarias, SIMILAR-TO 2, EMITTING GALAXIES, formation [galaxies], REDSHIFT, Mass growth, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, STELLAR POPULATIONS, ULTRAVIOLET-SPECTRA, 0103 physical sciences, STAR-FORMING GALAXIES, LYMAN-BREAK GALAXY, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, ESCAPE FRACTION, Physics, INTERSTELLAR-MEDIUM, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Star formation, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, ABSORPTION-LINES, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Rest frame, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Galaxy, Redshift, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), strong [gravitational lensing], high redshift [Galaxies], Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Early phase, high-redshift [galaxies]
Abstract

We present deep rest-frame UV spectroscopic observations using the Gran Telescopio Canarias of six gravitationally lensed Ly¿ emitters (LAEs) at 2.36 < z < 2.82 selected from the BELLS GALLERY survey. By taking the magnifications into account, we show that LAEs can be as luminous as LLy¿ ¿ 30 × 1042 erg s-1 and MUV ¿ -23 (AB) without invoking an AGN component, in contrast with previous findings. We measure Ly¿ rest-frame equivalent widths, EW0 (Ly¿), ranging from 16 to 50 Å and Ly¿ escape fractions, f_esc (Ly¿), from 10 per cent to 40 per cent. Large EW0 (Ly¿) and f_esc (Ly¿) are found predominantly in LAEs showing weak low-ionization ISM absorption (EW0 ¿ 1 Å) and narrow Ly¿ profiles (¿300 km s-1 FWHM) with their peak close (¿80 km s-1) to their systemic redshifts, suggestive of less scatter from low H I column densities that favours the escape of Ly¿ photons. We infer stellar metallicities of Z/Z¿ ¿ 0.2 in almost all LAEs by comparing the P-Cygni profiles of the wind lines N V1240 Å and C IV1549 Å with those from stellar synthesis models. We also find a trend between MUV and the velocity offset of ISM absorption lines, such as the most luminous LAEs experience stronger outflows. The most luminous LAEs show star formation rates up to ¿180 M¿ yr-1, yet they appear relatively blue (ßUV ¿ -1.8 to -2.0) showing evidence of little dust attenuation [E(B - V) = 0.10-0.14]. These luminous LAEs may be particular cases of young starburst galaxies that have had no time to form large amounts of dust. If so, they are ideal laboratories to study the early phase of massive star formation, stellar and dust mass growth, and chemical enrichment histories of starburst galaxies at high-z., With funding from the Spanish government through the "María de Maeztu Unit of Excellence" accreditation (MDM-2017-0737)

Published
2020
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7. SDSS J0909+4449: A large-separation strongly lensed quasar at z ∼ 2.8 with three images

Author

Yiping Shu, N. Wyn Evans, Ismael Perez-Fournon, and Rui Marques-Chaves

Subjects
media_common.quotation_subject, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Telescope, law, Galaxy group, 0103 physical sciences, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, media_common, Physics, Simple lens, Mass distribution, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Quasar, Light curve, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Baryon, Space and Planetary Science, Sky, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
Abstract

We report the discovery of SDSS J0909$+$4449, an exceptional system consisting of a quasar at $z=2.788$ strongly lensed by a group of galaxies at $z \sim 0.9$ into three images separated by up to 14\arcsec\, based on archival data collected by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey, Beijing--Arizona Sky Survey, the Mayall z-band Legacy Survey, and the Gemini Telescope. We discuss two hypotheses on the nature of SDSS J0909$+$4449, i.e. a rare triply-imaged quasar in the naked cusp configuration and a typical quadruply-imaged quasar with the fourth image undetected in the current data. We find that simple lens models can provide excellent fits to the observed image positions and the non-detection under either hypothesis. Deeper imaging data, spectroscopic observations, and follow-up light curve measurements will be helpful in determining which hypothesis is correct and provide better constraints on the lens mass distribution. Nevertheless, given its unusually large image separations, SDSS J0909$+$4449 will be a unique probe for the mass structure and the underlying cooling and stellar feedback processes on group or cluster scales., Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in the MNRAS Letter

Published
2018
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8. Discovery of a giant and luminous Lya+CIV+HeII nebula at z=3.326 with extreme emission line ratios

Author

P. Martinez-Navajas, Ismael Perez-Fournon, Dimitra Rigopoulou, Hooshang Nayyeri, Antonio Cabrera-Lavers, Dominik Riechers, C. Jiménez-Ángel, M. Villar-Martín, Asantha Cooray, Duncan Farrah, Luis Colina, David L. Clements, Rob Ivison, Alain Omont, S. J. Oliver, Yiping Shu, Julie Wardlow, Raphael Gavazzi, Rui Marques-Chaves, Douglas Scott, AUTRES, Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias (IAC), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Department of Physics [Oxford], University of Oxford [Oxford], Department of Astronomy, University of California [Irvine] (UCI), University of California-University of California, Department of Physics, Durham University, California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Astronomy Centre, University of Sussex, Royal Observatory Edinburgh (ROE), and University of Edinburgh

Subjects
Physics, Nebula, Active galactic nucleus, Stellar mass, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Photoionization, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Galaxy, [PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), 0103 physical sciences, Electron temperature, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Emission spectrum, Halo, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract

We present the discovery of HLock01-LAB, a luminous and large Lya nebula at z=3.326. Medium-band imaging and long-slit spectroscopic observations with the Gran Telescopio Canarias reveal extended emission in the Lya 1215\AA, CIV1550\AA, and HeII 1640\AA lines over ~100kpc, and a total luminosity L(Lya)=(6.4+/-0.1)x10^44 erg s^-1. HLock01-LAB presents an elongated morphology aligned with two faint radio sources contained within the central ~8kpc of the nebula. The radio structures are consistent to be faint radio jets or lobes of a central galaxy, whose spectrum shows nebular emission characteristic of a type-II active galactic nucleus (AGN). The continuum emission of the AGN at short wavelengths is, however, likely dominated by stellar emission of the host galaxy, for which we derive a stellar mass M* = 2.3x10^11 Msun. The detection of extended emission in CIV and CIII] indicates that the gas within the nebula is not primordial. Feedback may have enriched the halo at at least 50 kpc from the nuclear region. Using rest-frame UV emission-line diagnostics, we find that the gas in the nebula is likely heated by the AGN. Nevertheless, at the center of the nebula we find extreme emission line ratios of Lya/CIV~60 and Lya/HeII~80, one of the highest values measured to date, and well above the standard values of photoionization models (Lya/HeII~30 for case B photoionization). Our data suggest that jet-induced shocks are likely responsible for the increase of the electron temperature and, thus, the observed Lya enhancement in the center of the nebula. This scenario is further supported by the presence of radio structures and perturbed kinematics in this region. The large Lya luminosity in HLock01-LAB is likely due to a combination of AGN photoionization and jet-induced shocks, highlighting the diversity of sources of energy powering Lya nebulae. [abridged], Comment: 13 pages, 8 figures, 3 tables. Accepted for publication in A&A. Abstract abridged for arXiv submission

Published
2019
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9. The strong gravitationally lensed Herschel galaxy HLock01: optical spectroscopy reveals a close galaxy merger with evidence of inflowing gas

Author

P. Martinez-Navajas, C. Jiménez-Ángel, Dimitra Rigopoulou, Julie Wardlow, Rui Marques-Chaves, Douglas Scott, Raphael Gavazzi, Ismael Perez-Fournon, Dominik A. Riechers, Yiping Shu, Duncan Farrah, Seb Oliver, Rob Ivison, Alain Omont, David L. Clements, Hooshang Nayyeri, Antonio Cabrera-Lavers, and Asantha Cooray

Subjects
SIMILAR-TO 2, 0306 Physical Chemistry (Incl. Structural), FOS: Physical sciences, galaxies: starburst, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Galaxy merger, Astronomy & Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, 0305 Organic Chemistry, HIGH-REDSHIFT GALAXIES, Apparent magnitude, 0103 physical sciences, Satellite galaxy, STAR-FORMING GALAXIES, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, INTEGRAL FIELD SPECTROSCOPY, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, QB, Physics, Science & Technology, SUBMILLIMETER GALAXIES, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, gravitational lensing: strong, Astronomy and Astrophysics, HUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPE, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Redshift, Galaxy, Stars, 3RD DATA RELEASE, ULTRAVIOLET-SPECTRUM, 0201 Astronomical And Space Sciences, Gravitational lens, LYMAN-BREAK GALAXIES, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), cosmology: observations, Physical Sciences, DIGITAL SKY SURVEY, Impact parameter, galaxies: evolution, galaxies: individual (HLock01)
Abstract

The submillimeter galaxy (SMG) HERMES J105751.1+573027 (hereafter HLock01) at z = 2.9574 +/- 0.0001 is one of the brightest gravitationally lensed sources discovered in the Herschel Multi-tiered Extragalactic Survey. Apart from the high flux densities in the far-infrared, it is also extremely bright in the rest-frame ultraviolet (UV), with a total apparent magnitude m_UV = 19.7 mag. We report here deep spectroscopic observations with the Gran Telescopio Canarias of the optically bright lensed images of HLock01. Our results suggest that HLock01 is a merger system composed of the Herschel-selected SMG and an optically bright Lyman break-like galaxy (LBG), separated by only 3.3 kpc in projection. While the SMG appears very massive (M* = 5x10^11 Msun), with a highly extinguished stellar component (A_V = 4.3), the LBG is a young, lower-mass (M* = 1x10^10 Msun), but still luminous (10xL*_UV) satellite galaxy. Detailed analysis of the high signal-to-noise (S/N) rest-frame UV spectrum of the LBG shows complex kinematics of the gas, exhibiting both blueshifted and redshifted absorption components. While the blueshifted component is associated with strong galactic outflows from the massive stars in the LBG, as is common in most star-forming galaxies, the redshifted component may be associated with gas inflow seen along a favorable sightline to the LBG. We also find evidence of an extended gas reservoir around HLock01 at an impact parameter of 110 kpc, through the detection of C II 1334$\AA$ absorption in the red wing of a bright Ly-alpha emitter at z = 3.327. The data presented here highlight the power of gravitational lensing in high S/N studies to probe deeply into the physics of high-z star forming galaxies., Comment: 24 pages, 11 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ

Published
2018

10. On the far-infrared metallicity diagnostics: applications to high-redshift galaxies

Author

Dominik Riechers, Georgios E. Magdis, Duncan Farrah, Miguel Pereira-Santaella, Ismael Perez-Fournon, Dimitra Rigopoulou, Asantha Cooray, and Rui Marques-Chaves

Subjects
Physics, Luminous infrared galaxy, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Metallicity, Doubly ionized oxygen, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Photoionization, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, 01 natural sciences, Galaxy, Redshift, Space and Planetary Science, Ionization, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Line (formation)
Abstract

In an earlier paper we modeled the far-infrared emission from a star-forming galaxy using the photoionisation code CLOUDY and presented metallicity sensitive diagnostics based on far-infrared fine structure line ratios. Here, we focus on the applicability of the [OIII]88/[NII]122 microns line ratio as a gas phase metallicity indicator in high redshift submillimetre luminous galaxies. The [OIII]88/[NII]122 microns ratio is strongly dependent on the ionization parameter (which is related to the total number of ionizing photons) as well as the gas electron density. We demonstrate how the ratio of 88/$122 continuum flux measurements can provide a reasonable estimate of the ionization parameter while the availability of the [NII]205 microns line can constrain the electron density. Using the [OIII]88/[NII]122 microns line ratios from a sample of nearby normal and star-forming galaxies we measure their gas phase metallicities and find that their mass metallicity relation is consistent with the one derived using optical emission lines. Using new, previously unpublished, Herschel spectroscopic observations of key far-infrared fine structure lines of the z~3 galaxy HLSW-01 and additional published measurements of far-infrared fine structure lines of high-z submillimetre luminous galaxies we derive gas phase metallicities using their [OIII]88/[NII]122 microns line ratio. We find that the metallicities of these z~3 submm luminous galaxies are consistent with solar metallicities and that they appear to follow the mass-metallicity relation expected for z~3 systems., Comment: 10 pages, 7 figures, MNRAS in press

Published
2018

11. Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV: Mapping the Milky Way, Nearby Galaxies, and the Distant Universe

Author

Michael R. Blanton, Matthew A. Bershady, Bela Abolfathi, Franco D. Albareti, Carlos Allende Prieto, Andres Almeida, Javier Alonso-García, Friedrich Anders, Scott F. Anderson, Brett Andrews, Erik Aquino-Ortíz, Alfonso Aragón-Salamanca, Maria Argudo-Fernández, Eric Armengaud, Eric Aubourg, Vladimir Avila-Reese, Carles Badenes, Stephen Bailey, Kathleen A. Barger, Jorge Barrera-Ballesteros, Curtis Bartosz, Dominic Bates, Falk Baumgarten, Julian Bautista, Rachael Beaton, Timothy C. Beers, Francesco Belfiore, Chad F. Bender, Andreas A. Berlind, Mariangela Bernardi, Florian Beutler, Jonathan C. Bird, Dmitry Bizyaev, Guillermo A. Blanc, Michael Blomqvist, Adam S. Bolton, Médéric Boquien, Jura Borissova, Remco van den Bosch, Jo Bovy, William N. Brandt, Jonathan Brinkmann, Joel R. Brownstein, Kevin Bundy, Adam J. Burgasser, Etienne Burtin, Nicolás G. Busca, Michele Cappellari, Maria Leticia Delgado Carigi, Joleen K. Carlberg, Aurelio Carnero Rosell, Ricardo Carrera, Nancy J. Chanover, Brian Cherinka, Edmond Cheung, Yilen Gómez Maqueo Chew, Cristina Chiappini, Peter Doohyun Choi, Drew Chojnowski, Chia-Hsun Chuang, Haeun Chung, Rafael Fernando Cirolini, Nicolas Clerc, Roger E. Cohen, Johan Comparat, Luiz da Costa, Marie-Claude Cousinou, Kevin Covey, Jeffrey D. Crane, Rupert A. C. Croft, Irene Cruz-Gonzalez, Daniel Garrido Cuadra, Katia Cunha, Guillermo J. Damke, Jeremy Darling, Roger Davies, Kyle Dawson, Axel de la Macorra, Flavia Dell’Agli, Nathan De Lee, Timothée Delubac, Francesco Di Mille, Aleks Diamond-Stanic, Mariana Cano-Díaz, John Donor, Juan José Downes, Niv Drory, Hélion du Mas des Bourboux, Christopher J. Duckworth, Tom Dwelly, Jamie Dyer, Garrett Ebelke, Arthur D. Eigenbrot, Daniel J. Eisenstein, Eric Emsellem, Mike Eracleous, Stephanie Escoffier, Michael L. Evans, Xiaohui Fan, Emma Fernández-Alvar, J. G. Fernandez-Trincado, Diane K. Feuillet, Alexis Finoguenov, Scott W. Fleming, Andreu Font-Ribera, Alexander Fredrickson, Gordon Freischlad, Peter M. Frinchaboy, Carla E. Fuentes, Lluís Galbany, R. Garcia-Dias, D. A. García-Hernández, Patrick Gaulme, Doug Geisler, Joseph D. Gelfand, Héctor Gil-Marín, Bruce A. Gillespie, Daniel Goddard, Violeta Gonzalez-Perez, Kathleen Grabowski, Paul J. Green, Catherine J. Grier, James E. Gunn, Hong Guo, Julien Guy, Alex Hagen, ChangHoon Hahn, Matthew Hall, Paul Harding, Sten Hasselquist, Suzanne L. Hawley, Fred Hearty, Jonay I. Gonzalez Hernández, Shirley Ho, David W. Hogg, Kelly Holley-Bockelmann, Jon A. Holtzman, Parker H. Holzer, Joseph Huehnerhoff, Timothy A. Hutchinson, Ho Seong Hwang, Héctor J. Ibarra-Medel, Gabriele da Silva Ilha, Inese I. Ivans, KeShawn Ivory, Kelly Jackson, Trey W. Jensen, Jennifer A. Johnson, Amy Jones, Henrik Jönsson, Eric Jullo, Vikrant Kamble, Karen Kinemuchi, David Kirkby, Francisco-Shu Kitaura, Mark Klaene, Gillian R. Knapp, Jean-Paul Kneib, Juna A. Kollmeier, Ivan Lacerna, Richard R. Lane, Dustin Lang, David R. Law, Daniel Lazarz, Youngbae Lee, Jean-Marc Le Goff, Fu-Heng Liang, Cheng Li, Hongyu Li, Jianhui Lian, Marcos Lima, Lihwai Lin, Yen-Ting Lin, Sara Bertran de Lis, Chao Liu, Miguel Angel C. de Icaza Lizaola, Dan Long, Sara Lucatello, Britt Lundgren, Nicholas K. MacDonald, Alice Deconto Machado, Chelsea L. MacLeod, Suvrath Mahadevan, Marcio Antonio Geimba Maia, Roberto Maiolino, Steven R. Majewski, Elena Malanushenko, Viktor Malanushenko, Arturo Manchado, Shude Mao, Claudia Maraston, Rui Marques-Chaves, Thomas Masseron, Karen L. Masters, Cameron K. McBride, Richard M. McDermid, Brianne McGrath, Ian D. McGreer, Nicolás Medina Peña, Matthew Melendez, Andrea Merloni, Michael R. Merrifield, Szabolcs Meszaros, Andres Meza, Ivan Minchev, Dante Minniti, Takamitsu Miyaji, Surhud More, John Mulchaey, Francisco Müller-Sánchez, Demitri Muna, Ricardo R. Munoz, Adam D. Myers, Preethi Nair, Kirpal Nandra, Janaina Correa do Nascimento, Alenka Negrete, Melissa Ness, Jeffrey A. Newman, Robert C. Nichol, David L. Nidever, Christian Nitschelm, Pierros Ntelis, Julia E. O’Connell, Ryan J. Oelkers, Audrey Oravetz, Daniel Oravetz, Zach Pace, Nelson Padilla, Nathalie Palanque-Delabrouille, Pedro Alonso Palicio, Kaike Pan, John K. Parejko, Taniya Parikh, Isabelle Pâris, Changbom Park, Alim Y. Patten, Sebastien Peirani, Marcos Pellejero-Ibanez, Samantha Penny, Will J. Percival, Ismael Perez-Fournon, Patrick Petitjean, Matthew M. Pieri, Marc Pinsonneault, Alice Pisani, Radosław Poleski, Francisco Prada, Abhishek Prakash, Anna Bárbara de Andrade Queiroz, M. Jordan Raddick, Anand Raichoor, Sandro Barboza Rembold, Hannah Richstein, Rogemar A. Riffel, Rogério Riffel, Hans-Walter Rix, Annie C. Robin, Constance M. Rockosi, Sergio Rodríguez-Torres, A. Roman-Lopes, Carlos Román-Zúñiga, Margarita Rosado, Ashley J. Ross, Graziano Rossi, John Ruan, Rossana Ruggeri, Eli S. Rykoff, Salvador Salazar-Albornoz, Mara Salvato, Ariel G. Sánchez, D. S. Aguado, José R. Sánchez-Gallego, Felipe A. Santana, Basílio Xavier Santiago, Conor Sayres, Ricardo P. Schiavon, Jaderson da Silva Schimoia, Edward F. Schlafly, David J. Schlegel, Donald P. Schneider, Mathias Schultheis, William J. Schuster, Axel Schwope, Hee-Jong Seo, Zhengyi Shao, Shiyin Shen, Matthew Shetrone, Michael Shull, Joshua D. Simon, Danielle Skinner, M. F. Skrutskie, Anže Slosar, Verne V. Smith, Jennifer S. Sobeck, Flavia Sobreira, Garrett Somers, Diogo Souto, David V. Stark, Keivan Stassun, Fritz Stauffer, Matthias Steinmetz, Thaisa Storchi-Bergmann, Alina Streblyanska, Guy S. Stringfellow, Genaro Suárez, Jing Sun, Nao Suzuki, Laszlo Szigeti, Manuchehr Taghizadeh-Popp, Baitian Tang, Charling Tao, Jamie Tayar, Mita Tembe, Johanna Teske, Aniruddha R. Thakar, Daniel Thomas, Benjamin A. Thompson, Jeremy L. Tinker, Patricia Tissera, Rita Tojeiro, Hector Hernandez Toledo, Sylvain de la Torre, Christy Tremonti, Nicholas W. Troup, Octavio Valenzuela, Inma Martinez Valpuesta, Jaime Vargas-González, Mariana Vargas-Magaña, Jose Alberto Vazquez, Sandro Villanova, M. Vivek, Nicole Vogt, David Wake, Rene Walterbos, Yuting Wang, Benjamin Alan Weaver, Anne-Marie Weijmans, David H. Weinberg, Kyle B. Westfall, David G. Whelan, Vivienne Wild, John Wilson, W. M. Wood-Vasey, Dominika Wylezalek, Ting Xiao, Renbin Yan, Meng Yang, Jason E. Ybarra, Christophe Yèche, Nadia Zakamska, Olga Zamora, Pauline Zarrouk, Gail Zasowski, Kai Zhang, Gong-Bo Zhao, Zheng Zheng, Xu Zhou, Zhi-Min Zhou, Guangtun B. Zhu, Manuela Zoccali, Hu Zou, The Leverhulme Trust, University of St Andrews. School of Physics and Astronomy, Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, APC - Cosmologie, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Recherche Astrophysique de Lyon (CRAL), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Univers, Transport, Interfaces, Nanostructures, Atmosphère et environnement, Molécules (UMR 6213) (UTINAM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Joseph Louis LAGRANGE (LAGRANGE), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Physique Corpusculaire et Cosmologie - Collège de France (PCC), Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)

Subjects
Astrophysics and Astronomy, Milky Way, astro-ph.GA, FOS: Physical sciences, Espectros astronômicos, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Surveys, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Telescope, Redshift-space distortions, surveys, Observatory, law, 0103 physical sciences, QB Astronomy, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, spectrographs [Instrumentation], observations [Cosmology], Galaxy: general, stars: general, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, general [Galaxy], QC, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, instrumentation: spectrographs, QB, Mapeamentos astronômicos, Physics, general [Stars], 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Quasar, general [Galaxies], DAS, galaxies: general, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Galaxy, Redshift, QC Physics, Space and Planetary Science, cosmology: observations, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Catalogos astronomicos, Baryon acoustic oscillations, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

We describe the Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV (SDSS-IV), a project encompassing three major spectroscopic programs. The Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment 2 (APOGEE-2) is observing hundreds of thousands of Milky Way stars at high resolution and high signal-to-noise ratio in the near-infrared. The Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory (MaNGA) survey is obtaining spatially-resolved spectroscopy for thousands of nearby galaxies (median redshift of z = 0.03). The extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS) is mapping the galaxy, quasar, and neutral gas distributions between redshifts z = 0.6 and 3.5 to constrain cosmology using baryon acoustic oscillations, redshift space distortions, and the shape of the power spectrum. Within eBOSS, we are conducting two major subprograms: the SPectroscopic IDentification of eROSITA Sources (SPIDERS), investigating X-ray AGN and galaxies in X-ray clusters, and the Time Domain Spectroscopic Survey (TDSS), obtaining spectra of variable sources. All programs use the 2.5-meter Sloan Foundation Telescope at Apache Point Observatory; observations there began in Summer 2014. APOGEE-2 also operates a second near-infrared spectrograph at the 2.5-meter du Pont Telescope at Las Campanas Observatory, with observations beginning in early 2017. Observations at both facilities are scheduled to continue through 2020. In keeping with previous SDSS policy, SDSS-IV provides regularly scheduled public data releases; the first one, Data Release 13, was made available in July 2016., Published in Astronomical Journal

Published
2017
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12. Discovery of a Very Bright and Intrinsically Very Luminous, Strongly Lensed Lyα Emitting Galaxy at z = 2.82 in the BOSS Emission-Line Lens Survey

Author

Matthew A. Cornachione, Antonio D. Montero-Dorta, Ismael Perez-Fournon, Yiping Shu, Shude Mao, Masamune Oguri, P. Martinez-Navajas, Joel R. Brownstein, Rui Marques-Chaves, Adam S. Bolton, Christopher S. Kochanek, and Zheng Zheng

Subjects
Gran Telescopio Canarias, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Einstein radius, law, 0103 physical sciences, William Herschel Telescope, Emission spectrum, Spectroscopy, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, evolution [galaxies], Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Galaxy, observations [cosmology], Baryon, Lens (optics), Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), strong [gravitational lensing], individual (BG1429+1202) [galaxies], Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

We report the discovery of a very bright (r = 20.16), highly magnified, and yet intrinsically very luminous Ly{\alpha} emitter (LAE) at z = 2.82. This system comprises four images in the observer plane with a maximum separation of ~ 6" and it is lensed by a z = 0.55 massive early-type galaxy. It was initially identified in the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) Emission-Line Lens Survey for GALaxy-Ly{\alpha} EmitteR sYstems (BELLS GALLERY) survey, and follow-up imaging and spectroscopic observations using the Gran Telescopio Canarias (GTC) and William Herschel Telescope (WHT) confirmed the lensing nature of this system. A lens model using a singular isothermal ellipsoid in an external shear field reproduces quite well the main features of the system, yielding an Einstein radius of 2.95" +/- 0.10", and a total magnification factor for the LAE of 8.8 +/- 0.4. This LAE is one of the brightest and most luminous galaxy-galaxy strong lenses known. We present initial imaging and spectroscopy showing the basic physical and morphological properties of this lensed system., Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures

Published
2017
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13. The 13th Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey: First Spectroscopic Data from the SDSS-IV Survey Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory

Author

Franco D. Albareti, Carlos Allende Prieto, Andres Almeida, Friedrich Anders, Scott Anderson, Brett H. Andrews, Alfonso Aragón-Salamanca, Maria Argudo-Fernández, Eric Armengaud, Eric Aubourg, Vladimir Avila-Reese, Carles Badenes, Stephen Bailey, Beatriz Barbuy, Kat Barger, Jorge Barrera-Ballesteros, Curtis Bartosz, Sarbani Basu, Dominic Bates, Giuseppina Battaglia, Falk Baumgarten, Julien Baur, Julian Bautista, Timothy C. Beers, Francesco Belfiore, Matthew Bershady, Sara Bertran de Lis, Jonathan C. Bird, Dmitry Bizyaev, Guillermo A. Blanc, Michael Blanton, Michael Blomqvist, Adam S. Bolton, J. Borissova, Jo Bovy, William Nielsen Brandt, Jonathan Brinkmann, Joel R. Brownstein, Kevin Bundy, Etienne Burtin, Nicolás G. Busca, Hugo Orlando Camacho Chavez, M. Cano Díaz, Michele Cappellari, Ricardo Carrera, Yanping Chen, Brian Cherinka, Edmond Cheung, Cristina Chiappini, Drew Chojnowski, Chia-Hsun Chuang, Haeun Chung, Rafael Fernando Cirolini, Nicolas Clerc, Roger E. Cohen, Julia M. Comerford, Johan Comparat, Janaina Correa do Nascimento, Marie-Claude Cousinou, Kevin Covey, Jeffrey D. Crane, Rupert Croft, Katia Cunha, Jeremy Darling, James W. Davidson, Kyle Dawson, Luiz Da Costa, Gabriele Da Silva Ilha, Alice Deconto Machado, Timothée Delubac, Nathan De Lee, Axel De la Macorra, Sylvain De la Torre, Aleksandar M. Diamond-Stanic, John Donor, Juan Jose Downes, Niv Drory, Cheng Du, Hélion Du Mas des Bourboux, Tom Dwelly, Garrett Ebelke, Arthur Eigenbrot, Daniel J. Eisenstein, Yvonne P. Elsworth, Eric Emsellem, Michael Eracleous, Stephanie Escoffier, Michael L. Evans, Jesús Falcón-Barroso, Xiaohui Fan, Ginevra Favole, Emma Fernandez-Alvar, J. G. Fernandez-Trincado, Diane Feuillet, Scott W. Fleming, Andreu Font-Ribera, Gordon Freischlad, Peter Frinchaboy, Hai Fu, Yang Gao, Rafael A. Garcia, R. Garcia-Dias, D. A. Garcia-Hernández, Ana E. Garcia Pérez, Patrick Gaulme, Junqiang Ge, Douglas Geisler, Bruce Gillespie, Hector Gil Marin, Léo Girardi, Daniel Goddard, Yilen Gomez Maqueo Chew, Violeta Gonzalez-Perez, Kathleen Grabowski, Paul Green, Catherine J. Grier, Thomas Grier, Hong Guo, Julien Guy, Alex Hagen, Matt Hall, Paul Harding, R. E. Harley, Sten Hasselquist, Suzanne Hawley, Christian R. Hayes, Fred Hearty, Saskia Hekker, Hector Hernandez Toledo, Shirley Ho, David W. Hogg, Kelly Holley-Bockelmann, Jon A. Holtzman, Parker H. Holzer, Jian Hu, Daniel Huber, Timothy Alan Hutchinson, Ho Seong Hwang, Héctor J. Ibarra-Medel, Inese I. Ivans, KeShawn Ivory, Kurt Jaehnig, Trey W. Jensen, Jennifer A. Johnson, Amy Jones, Eric Jullo, T. Kallinger, Karen Kinemuchi, David Kirkby, Mark Klaene, Jean-Paul Kneib, Juna A. Kollmeier, Ivan Lacerna, Richard R. Lane, Dustin Lang, Pierre Laurent, David R. Law, Alexie Leauthaud, Jean-Marc Le Goff, Chen Li, Cheng Li, Niu Li, Ran Li, Fu-Heng Liang, Yu Liang, Marcos Lima, Lihwai Lin, Lin Lin, Yen-Ting Lin, Chao Liu, Dan Long, Sara Lucatello, Nicholas MacDonald, Chelsea L. MacLeod, J. Ted Mackereth, Suvrath Mahadevan, Marcio Antonio Geimba Maia, Roberto Maiolino, Steven R. Majewski, Olena Malanushenko, Viktor Malanushenko, Nícolas Dullius Mallmann, Arturo Manchado, Claudia Maraston, Rui Marques-Chaves, Inma Martinez Valpuesta, Karen L. Masters, Savita Mathur, Ian D. McGreer, Andrea Merloni, Michael R. Merrifield, Szabolcs Meszáros, Andres Meza, Andrea Miglio, Ivan Minchev, Karan Molaverdikhani, Antonio D. Montero-Dorta, Benoit Mosser, Demitri Muna, Adam Myers, Preethi Nair, Kirpal Nandra, Melissa Ness, Jeffrey A. Newman, Robert C. Nichol, David L. Nidever, Christian Nitschelm, Julia O’Connell, Audrey Oravetz, Daniel J. Oravetz, Zachary Pace, Nelson Padilla, Nathalie Palanque-Delabrouille, Kaike Pan, John Parejko, Isabelle Paris, Changbom Park, John A. Peacock, Sebastien Peirani, Marcos Pellejero-Ibanez, Samantha Penny, Will J. Percival, Jeffrey W. Percival, Ismael Perez-Fournon, Patrick Petitjean, Matthew Pieri, Marc H. Pinsonneault, Alice Pisani, Francisco Prada, Abhishek Prakash, Natalie Price-Jones, M. Jordan Raddick, Mubdi Rahman, Anand Raichoor, Sandro Barboza Rembold, A. M. Reyna, James Rich, Hannah Richstein, Jethro Ridl, Rogemar A. Riffel, Rogério Riffel, Hans-Walter Rix, Annie C. Robin, Constance M. Rockosi, Sergio Rodríguez-Torres, Thaíse S. Rodrigues, Natalie Roe, A. Roman Lopes, Carlos Román-Zúñiga, Ashley J. Ross, Graziano Rossi, John Ruan, Rossana Ruggeri, Jessie C. Runnoe, Salvador Salazar-Albornoz, Mara Salvato, Sebastian F. Sanchez, Ariel G. Sanchez, José R. Sanchez-Gallego, Basílio Xavier Santiago, Ricardo Schiavon, Jaderson S. Schimoia, Eddie Schlafly, David J. Schlegel, Donald P. Schneider, Ralph Schönrich, Mathias Schultheis, Axel Schwope, Hee-Jong Seo, Aldo Serenelli, Branimir Sesar, Zhengyi Shao, Matthew Shetrone, Michael Shull, Victor Silva Aguirre, M. F. Skrutskie, Anže Slosar, Michael Smith, Verne V. Smith, Jennifer Sobeck, Garrett Somers, Diogo Souto, David V. Stark, Keivan G. Stassun, Matthias Steinmetz, Dennis Stello, Thaisa Storchi Bergmann, Michael A. Strauss, Alina Streblyanska, Guy S. Stringfellow, Genaro Suarez, Jing Sun, Manuchehr Taghizadeh-Popp, Baitian Tang, Charling Tao, Jamie Tayar, Mita Tembe, Daniel Thomas, Jeremy Tinker, Rita Tojeiro, Christy Tremonti, Nicholas Troup, Jonathan R. Trump, Eduardo Unda-Sanzana, O. Valenzuela, Remco Van den Bosch, Mariana Vargas-Magaña, Jose Alberto Vazquez, Sandro Villanova, M. Vivek, Nicole Vogt, David Wake, Rene Walterbos, Yuting Wang, Enci Wang, Benjamin Alan Weaver, Anne-Marie Weijmans, David H. Weinberg, Kyle B. Westfall, David G. Whelan, Eric Wilcots, Vivienne Wild, Rob A. Williams, John Wilson, W. M. Wood-Vasey, Dominika Wylezalek, Ting Xiao, Renbin Yan, Meng Yang, Jason E. Ybarra, Christophe Yeche, Fang-Ting Yuan, Nadia Zakamska, Olga Zamora, Gail Zasowski, Kai Zhang, Cheng Zhao, Gong-Bo Zhao, Zheng Zheng, Zhi-Min Zhou, Guangtun Zhu, Joel C. Zinn, Hu Zou, Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Centre de Recherche Astrophysique de Lyon (CRAL), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'astrophysique de l'observatoire de Besançon (LAOB), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE (UMR_7585)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA (UMR_8109)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Joseph Louis LAGRANGE (LAGRANGE), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), SDSS, Maiolino, Roberto [0000-0002-4985-3819], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Laboratoire d'astrophysique de l'observatoire de Besançon (UMR 6091) (LAOB), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of St Andrews. School of Physics and Astronomy, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers ( IRFU ), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Paris-Saclay, AstroParticule et Cosmologie ( APC - UMR 7164 ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Observatoire de Paris-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille ( LAM ), Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales ( CNES ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille ( CPPM ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ), Centre de Recherche Astrophysique de Lyon ( CRAL ), École normale supérieure - Lyon ( ENS Lyon ) -Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire d'astrophysique de l'observatoire de Besançon ( LAOB ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Laboratoire AIM, Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Centre d'Etudes de Saclay, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris ( IAP ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies ( LPNHE ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique ( LESIA ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Observatoire de Paris-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Joseph Louis LAGRANGE ( LAGRANGE ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, and Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS )

Subjects
[ PHYS.ASTR ] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], media_common.quotation_subject, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Surveys, 01 natural sciences, Set (abstract data type), surveys, Observatory, 0103 physical sciences, QB Astronomy, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, QC, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, QB, media_common, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy, Atlases, DAS, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Quasar, GALÁXIAS, Galaxy, Redshift, atlases, QC Physics, Data access, Space and Planetary Science, Sky, Catalogs, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], catalogs, Data reduction
Abstract

The fourth generation of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS-IV) began observations in July 2014. It pursues three core programs: APOGEE-2,MaNGA, and eBOSS. In addition, eBOSS contains two major subprograms: TDSS and SPIDERS. This paper describes the first data release from SDSS-IV, Data Release 13 (DR13), which contains new data, reanalysis of existing data sets and, like all SDSS data releases, is inclusive of previously released data. DR13 makes publicly available 1390 spatially resolved integral field unit observations of nearby galaxies from MaNGA,the first data released from this survey. It includes new observations from eBOSS, completing SEQUELS. In addition to targeting galaxies and quasars, SEQUELS also targeted variability-selected objects from TDSS and X-ray selected objects from SPIDERS. DR13 includes new reductions ofthe SDSS-III BOSS data, improving the spectrophotometric calibration and redshift classification. DR13 releases new reductions of the APOGEE-1data from SDSS-III, with abundances of elements not previously included and improved stellar parameters for dwarf stars and cooler stars. For the SDSS imaging data, DR13 provides new, more robust and precise photometric calibrations. Several value-added catalogs are being released in tandem with DR13, in particular target catalogs relevant for eBOSS, TDSS, and SPIDERS, and an updated red-clump catalog for APOGEE.This paper describes the location and format of the data now publicly available, as well as providing references to the important technical papers that describe the targeting, observing, and data reduction. The SDSS website, http://www.sdss.org, provides links to the data, tutorials and examples of data access, and extensive documentation of the reduction and analysis procedures. DR13 is the first of a scheduled set that will contain new data and analyses from the planned ~6-year operations of SDSS-IV. Postprint

Published
2017
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14. HerMES: a search for high-redshift dusty galaxies in the HerMES Large Mode Survey - catalogue, number counts and early results

Author

Matthieu Béthermin, Ismael Perez-Fournon, Seb Oliver, Julie Wardlow, Jordan Wheeler, Rob Ivison, Rui Marques-Chaves, Asantha Cooray, Jason Glenn, A. Conley, V. Asboth, Duncan Farrah, Marco Viero, Sunil Golwala, Seth Siegel, David L. Clements, P. R. Maloney, Edo Ibar, Michael Rowan-Robinson, Joaquin Vieira, Scott Chapman, Douglas Scott, P. Martinez-Navajas, Mark Halpern, Helmut Dannerbauer, Jack Sayers, Lingyu Wang, Dominik Riechers, Commission of the European Communities, Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), Particle Physics and Astronomy Research Council (PPARC), Particle Physics and Astronomy Research Council (P, and Imperial College Trust

Subjects
LENSED GALAXIES, MU-M, Flux, FOS: Physical sciences, galaxies: starburst, Astrophysics, Astronomy & Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Submillimeter Array, infrared: galaxies, HERSCHEL-SPIRE, galaxies: high-redshift, 0103 physical sciences, Galaxy formation and evolution, STAR-FORMING GALAXIES, Source counts, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, QB, Physics, Luminous infrared galaxy, Science & Technology, SUBMILLIMETER GALAXIES, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, HUBBLE DEEP FIELD, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Redshift, Galaxy, MOLECULAR GAS, EVOLUTION, STARBURST GALAXY, Spire, 0201 Astronomical And Space Sciences, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Physical Sciences, galaxies: evolution, SKY SURVEY, submillimetre: galaxies
Abstract

Selecting sources with rising flux densities towards longer wavelengths from Herschel/SPIRE maps is an efficient way to produce a catalogue rich in high-redshift (z > 4) dusty star-forming galaxies. The effectiveness of this approach has already been confirmed by spectroscopic follow-up observations, but the previously available catalogues made this way are limited by small survey areas. Here we apply a map-based search method to 274 deg$^2$ of the HerMES Large Mode Survey (HeLMS) and create a catalogue of 477 objects with SPIRE flux densities $S_{500} > S_{350} >S_{250}$ and a $5 ��$ cut-off $S_{500} > $ 52 mJy. From this catalogue we determine that the total number of these "red" sources is at least an order of magnitude higher than predicted by galaxy evolution models. These results are in agreement with previous findings in smaller HerMES fields; however, due to our significantly larger sample size we are also able to investigate the shape of the red source counts for the first time. We have obtained spectroscopic redshift measurements for two of our sources using the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA). The redshifts z = 5.1 and z = 3.8 confirm that with our selection method we can indeed find high-redshift dusty star-forming galaxies., Accepted by MNRAS

Published
2016

15. The BOSS Emission-Line Lens Survey. III. : Strong Lensing of Ly$\alpha$ Emitters by Individual Galaxies

Author

Ismael Perez-Fournon, Zhen-Ya Zheng, Joel R. Brownstein, Christopher S. Kochanek, Yiping Shu, Brice Ménard, Shude Mao, Masamune Oguri, Rui Marques-Chaves, Adam S. Bolton, and Antonio D. Montero-Dorta

Subjects
Physics, Dark matter, Lens (geology), Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, dark matter, Galaxy, Boss, Space and Planetary Science, strong [gravitational lensing], 0103 physical sciences, spectroscopic [techniques], Emission spectrum, 010306 general physics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, elliptical and lenticular, cD [galaxies], Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract

We introduce the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) Emission-Line Lens Survey (BELLS) for GALaxy-Ly$\alpha$ EmitteR sYstems (BELLS GALLERY) Survey, which is a Hubble Space Telescope program to image a sample of galaxy-scale strong gravitational lens candidate systems with high-redshift Ly$\alpha$ emitters (LAEs) as the background sources. The goal of the BELLS GALLERY Survey is to illuminate dark substructures in galaxy-scale halos by exploiting the small-scale clumpiness of rest-frame far-UV emission in lensed LAEs, and to thereby constrain the slope and normalization of the substructure-mass function. In this paper, we describe in detail the spectroscopic strong-lens selection technique, which is based on methods adopted in the previous Sloan Lens ACS (SLACS) Survey, BELLS, and SLACS for the Masses Survey. We present the BELLS GALLERY sample of the 21 highest-quality galaxy--LAE candidates selected from $\approx 1.4 \times 10^6$ galaxy spectra in the BOSS of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey III. These systems consist of massive galaxies at redshifts of approximately 0.5 strongly lensing LAEs at redshifts from 2--3. The compact nature of LAEs makes them an ideal probe of dark substructures, with a substructure-mass sensitivity that is unprecedented in other optical strong-lens samples. The magnification effect from lensing will also reveal the structure of LAEs below 100 pc scales, providing a detailed look at the sites of the most concentrated unobscured star formation in the universe. The source code used for candidate selection is available for download as a part of this release., Comment: 14 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in the ApJ (ApJ, 824, 86). Minor edits to match the ApJ published version

Published
2016
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16. THE BOSS EMISSION-LINE LENS SURVEY. IV. SMOOTH LENS MODELS FOR THE BELLS GALLERY SAMPLE

Author

Ismael Perez-Fournon, Matthew A. Cornachione, Brice Ménard, Antonio D. Montero-Dorta, Yiping Shu, Adam S. Bolton, Zheng Zheng, Shude Mao, Masamune Oguri, Rui Marques-Chaves, Joel R. Brownstein, and Christopher S. Kochanek

Subjects
Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Oscillation, Dark matter, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Radius, Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, 01 natural sciences, Galaxy, Redshift, law.invention, Lens (optics), Baryon, Space and Planetary Science, law, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), 0103 physical sciences, Emission spectrum, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract

We present \textsl{Hubble Space Telescope} (\textsl{HST}) F606W-band imaging observations of 21 galaxy-Ly$\alpha$ emitter lens candidates in the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) Emission-Line Lens Survey (BELLS) for GALaxy-Ly$\alpha$ EmitteR sYstems (BELLS GALLERY) survey. 17 systems are confirmed to be definite lenses with unambiguous evidence of multiple imaging. The lenses are primarily massive early-type galaxies (ETGs) at redshifts of approximately $0.55$, while the lensed sources are Ly$\alpha$ emitters (LAEs) at redshifts from 2 to 3. Although the \textsl{HST} imaging data are well fit by smooth lens models consisting of singular isothermal ellipsoids in an external shear field, a thorough exploration of dark substructures in the lens galaxies is required. The Einstein radii of the BELLS GALLERY lenses are on average $60\%$ larger than those of the BELLS lenses because of the much higher source redshifts which will allow a detailed investigation of the radius evolution of the mass profile in ETGs. With the aid of the average $\sim 13 \times$ lensing magnification, the LAEs are resolved to comprise individual star-forming knots of a wide range of properties with characteristic sizes from less than 100 pc to several kpc, rest-frame far UV apparent AB magnitudes from 29.6 to 24.2, and typical projected separations of 500 pc to 2 kpc., Comment: 15 pages, 4 figures, minor edits to match the ApJ published version

Published
2016
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17. The first Frontier Fields cluster: 4.5 {$µ$}m excess in a z \~{} 8 galaxy candidate in Abell 2744

Author

Nicolas Laporte, Rui Marques-Chaves, Eiichi Egami, R. Pello, I. Perez-Fournon, P. Martínez-Navajas, Frederic Boone, Daniel Schaerer, Alina Streblyanska, H. Atek, B. Clement, J. P. Kneib, J. Richard, Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AUTRES, Steward Observatory, University of Arizona, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Centre de Recherche Astrophysique de Lyon (CRAL), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Physics, Stellar mass, Star formation, [SDU.ASTR.CO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], Star (game theory), Order (ring theory), Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Redshift, Galaxy, Photometry (optics), [PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], galaxies: photometry, Abell 2744, Space and Planetary Science, galaxies: high-redshift, galaxies: star formation, galaxies: formation, galaxies: distances and redshifts, galaxies: evolution, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We present in this letter the first analysis of a z~8 galaxy candidate found in the Hubble and Spitzer imaging data of Abell 2744, as part of the Hubble Frontier Fields legacy program. We applied the most commonly-used methods to select exceptionally high-z galaxies by combining non-detection and color-criteria using seven HST bands. We used GALFIT on IRAC images for fitting and subtracting contamination of bright nearby sources. The physical properties have been inferred from SED-fitting using templates with and without nebular emission. This letter is focussed on the brightest candidate we found (m$_{F160W}$=26.2) over the 4.9 arcmin$^2$ field of view covered by the WFC3. It shows a non-detection in the ACS bands and at 3.6{\mu}m whereas it is clearly detected at 4.5{\mu}m with rather similar depths. This break in the IRAC data could be explained by strong [OIII]+H{\beta} lines at z~8 which contribute to the 4.5{\mu}m photometry. The best photo-z is found at z~8.0$^{+0.2}_{-0.5}$, although solutions at low-redshift (z~1.9) cannot be completely excluded, but they are strongly disfavoured by the SED-fitting work. The amplification factor is relatively small at {\mu}=1.49$\pm$0.02. The Star Formation Rate in this object is ranging from 8 to 60 Mo/yr, the stellar mass is in the order of M$_{\star}$=(2.5-10) x 10$^{9}$Mo and the size is r~0.35$\pm$0.15 kpc. This object is one of the first z~8 LBG candidates showing a clear break between 3.6{\mu}m and 4.5{\mu}m which is consistent with the IRAC properties of the first spectroscopically confirmed galaxy at a similar redshift. Due to its brightness, the redshift of this object could potentially be confirmed by near infrared spectroscopy with current 8-10m telescopes. The nature of this candidate will be revealed in the coming months with the arrival of new ACS and Spitzer data, increasing the depth at optical and near-IR wavelengths., Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures, Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics Letters

Published
2014
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18. The Strong Gravitationally Lensed Herschel Galaxy HLock01: Optical Spectroscopy Reveals a Close Galaxy Merger with Evidence of Inflowing Gas.

Author

Rui Marques-Chaves, Ismael Pérez-Fournon, Raphael Gavazzi, Paloma I. Martínez-Navajas, Dominik Riechers, Dimitra Rigopoulou, Antonio Cabrera-Lavers, David L. Clements, Asantha Cooray, Duncan Farrah, Rob J. Ivison, Camilo E. Jiménez-Ángel, Hooshang Nayyeri, Seb Oliver, Alain Omont, Douglas Scott, Yiping Shu, and Julie Wardlow

Subjects
*GRAVITATIONAL lenses, *OPTICAL spectroscopy, *GALAXY mergers, *SOLAR magnetic fields, *REDSHIFT
Abstract

The submillimeter galaxy (SMG) HERMES J105751.1+573027 (hereafter HLock01) at z = 2.9574 ± 0.0001 is one of the brightest gravitationally lensed sources discovered in the Herschel Multi-tiered Extragalactic Survey. Apart from the high flux densities in the far-infrared, it is also extremely bright in the rest-frame ultraviolet (UV), with a total apparent magnitude mUV ≃ 19.7 mag. We report here deep spectroscopic observations with the Gran Telescopio Canarias of the optically bright lensed images of HLock01. Our results suggest that HLock01 is a merger system composed of the Herschel-selected SMG and an optically bright Lyman break-like galaxy (LBG), separated by only 3.3 kpc in projection. While the SMG appears very massive (M* ≃ 5 × 1011M⊙), with a highly extinguished stellar component (AV ≃ 4.3 ), the LBG is a young, lower-mass (M* ≃ 1 × 1010M⊙), but still luminous () satellite galaxy. Detailed analysis of the high signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) rest-frame UV spectrum of the LBG shows complex kinematics of the gas, exhibiting both blueshifted and redshifted absorption components. While the blueshifted component is associated with strong galactic outflows from the massive stars in the LBG, as is common in most star-forming galaxies, the redshifted component may be associated with gas inflow seen along a favorable sightline to the LBG. We also find evidence of an extended gas reservoir around HLock01 at an impact parameter of 110 kpc, through the detection of C ii λλ1334 absorption in the red wing of a bright Lyα emitter at z ≃ 3.327. The data presented here highlight the power of gravitational lensing in high S/N studies to probe deeply into the physics of high-z star-forming galaxies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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19. The BOSS Emission-line Lens Survey. V. Morphology and Substructure of Lensed Lyα Emitters at Redshift Z ≈ 2.5 in the BELLS GALLERY.

Author

Matthew A. Cornachione, Adam S. Bolton, Yiping Shu, Zheng Zheng, Antonio D. Montero-Dorta, Joel R. Brownstein, Masamune Oguri, Christopher S. Kochanek, Shude Mao, Ismael Pèrez-Fournon, Rui Marques-Chaves, and Brice Mènard

Subjects
REDSHIFT, BARYON spectra, SURFACE brightness (Astronomy), CONSTRAINTS (Physics)
Abstract

We present a morphological study of the 17 lensed Lyα emitter (LAE) galaxies of the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey Emission-Line Lens Survey (BELLS) for the GALaxy-Lyα EmitteR sYstems (BELLS GALLERY) sample. This analysis combines the magnification effect of strong galaxy–galaxy lensing with the high resolution of the Hubble Space Telescope to achieve a physical resolution of ∼80 pc for this 2 < z < 3 LAE sample, allowing a detailed characterization of the LAE rest-frame ultraviolet continuum surface brightness profiles and substructure. We use lens-model reconstructions of the LAEs to identify and model individual clumps, which we subsequently use to constrain the parameters of a generative statistical model of the LAE population. Since the BELLS GALLERY sample is selected primarily on the basis of Lyα emission, the LAEs that we study here are likely to be directly comparable to those selected in wide-field, narrowband LAE surveys, in contrast with the lensed LAEs identified in cluster-lensing fields. We find an LAE clumpiness fraction of approximately 88%, which is significantly higher than that found in previous (non-lensing) studies. We find a well-resolved characteristic clump half-light radii of ∼350 pc, a scale comparable to the largest H ii regions seen in the local universe. This statistical characterization of LAE surface-brightness profiles will be incorporated into future lensing analyses using the BELLS GALLERY sample to constrain the incidence of dark-matter substructure in the foreground lensing galaxies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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20. Rise of the Titans: A Dusty, Hyper-luminous “870 μm Riser” Galaxy at z ∼ 6.

Author

Dominik A. Riechers, T. K. Daisy Leung, Rob J. Ivison, Ismael Pérez-Fournon, Alexander J. R. Lewis, Rui Marques-Chaves, Iván Oteo, Dave L. Clements, Asantha Cooray, Josh Greenslade, Paloma Martínez-Navajas, Seb Oliver, Dimitra Rigopoulou, Douglas Scott, and Axel Weiss

Subjects
METAPHYSICAL cosmology, REDSHIFT, GALAXY formation, GALAXIES
Abstract

We report the detection of ADFS-27, a dusty, starbursting major merger at a redshift of z = 5.655, using the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA). ADFS-27 was selected from Herschel/Spectral and Photometric Imaging Receiver (SPIRE) and APEX/LABOCA data as an extremely red “870 μm riser” (i.e., ), demonstrating the utility of this technique to identify some of the highest-redshift dusty galaxies. A scan of the 3 mm atmospheric window with ALMA yields detections of CO(J = 5 → 4) and CO(J = 6 → 5) emission, and a tentative detection of H2O(211 → 202) emission, which provides an unambiguous redshift measurement. The strength of the CO lines implies a large molecular gas reservoir with a mass of Mgas = 2.5 × 1011M⊙, sufficient to maintain its ∼2400 M⊙ yr−1 starburst for at least ∼100 Myr. The 870 μm dust continuum emission is resolved into two components, 1.8 and 2.1 kpc in diameter, separated by 9.0 kpc, with comparable dust luminosities, suggesting an ongoing major merger. The infrared luminosity of LIR ≃ 2.4 × 1013L⊙ implies that this system represents a binary hyper-luminous infrared galaxy, the most distant of its kind presently known. This also implies star formation rate surface densities of and 750 M⊙ yr−1 kpc2, consistent with a binary “maximum starburst.” The discovery of this rare system is consistent with a significantly higher space density than previously thought for the most luminous dusty starbursts within the first billion years of cosmic time, easing tensions regarding the space densities of z ∼ 6 quasars and massive quiescent galaxies at z ≳ 3. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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21. SHARDS Frontier Fields: Physical Properties of a Low-mass Lyα Emitter at z = 5.75.

Author

Antonio Hernán-Caballero, Pablo G. Pérez-González, Jose M. Diego, David Lagattuta, Johan Richard, Daniel Schaerer, Almudena Alonso-Herrero, Raffaella Anna Marino, Panos Sklias, Belén Alcalde Pampliega, Antonio Cava, Christopher J. Conselice, Helmut Dannerbauer, Helena Domínguez-Sánchez, Carmen Eliche-Moral, Pilar Esquej, Marc Huertas-Company, Rui Marques-Chaves, Ismael Pérez-Fournon, and Tim Rawle

Subjects
LOW mass stars, HUBBLE'S law, STELLAR luminosity function, GRAVITATIONAL lenses, MAGNIFICATION (Optics)
Abstract

We analyze the properties of a multiply imaged Lyα (Lyα) emitter at z = 5.75 identified through SHARDS Frontier Fields intermediate-band imaging of the Hubble Frontier Fields (HFF) cluster Abell 370. The source, A370-L57, has low intrinsic luminosity (MUV ∼ −16.5), steep UV spectral index (β = −2.4 ± 0.1), and extreme rest-frame equivalent width of Lyα ( Å). Two different gravitational lens models predict high magnification (μ ∼ 10–16) for the two detected counterimages, separated by 7″, while a predicted third counterimage (μ ∼ 3–4) is undetected. We find differences of ∼50% in magnification between the two lens models, quantifying our current systematic uncertainties. Integral field spectroscopy of A370-L57 with MUSE shows a narrow (FWHM = 204 ± 10 km s−1) and asymmetric Lyα profile with an integrated luminosity L(Lyα) ∼ 1042 erg s−1. The morphology in the Hubble Space Telescope bands comprises a compact clump (re < 100 pc) that dominates the Lyα and continuum emission and several fainter clumps at projected distances ≲1 kpc that coincide with an extension of the Lyα emission in the SHARDS F823W17 and MUSE observations. The latter could be part of the same galaxy or an interacting companion. We find no evidence of a contribution from active galactic nuclei to the Lyα emission. Fitting of the spectral energy distribution with stellar population models favors a very young (t < 10 Myr), low-mass (), and metal-poor (Z ≲ 4 × 10−3) stellar population. Its modest star formation rate (SFR ∼ 1.0 yr−1) implies high specific SFR (sSFR ∼ 2.5 × 10−7 yr−1) and SFR density ( yr−1 kpc−2). The properties of A370-L57 make it a good representative of the population of galaxies responsible for cosmic reionization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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23. THE BOSS EMISSION-LINE LENS SURVEY. IV. SMOOTH LENS MODELS FOR THE BELLS GALLERY SAMPLE.

Author

Yiping Shu, Adam S. Bolton, Shude Mao, Christopher S. Kochanek, Ismael Pérez-Fournon, Masamune Oguri, Antonio D. Montero-Dorta, Matthew A. Cornachione, Rui Marques-Chaves, Zheng Zheng, Joel R. Brownstein, and Brice Ménard

Subjects
DARK matter, GRAVITATIONAL lenses, IMAGE processing, GALAXIES
Abstract

We present Hubble Space Telescope F606W-band imaging observations of 21 galaxy-Lyα emitter lens candidates in the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey Emission-Line Lens Survey (BELLS) for the GALaxy-Lyα EmitteR sYstems (BELLS GALLERY) survey. Seventeen systems are confirmed to be definite lenses with unambiguous evidence of multiple imaging. The lenses are primarily massive early-type galaxies (ETGs) at redshifts of approximately 0.55, while the lensed sources are Lyα emitters (LAEs) at redshifts from two to three. Although most of the lens systems are well fit by smooth lens models consisting of singular isothermal ellipsoids in an external shear field, a thorough exploration of dark substructures in the lens galaxies is required. The Einstein radii of the BELLS GALLERY lenses are, on average, 60% larger than those of the BELLS lenses because of the much higher source redshifts. This will allow for a detailed investigation of the radius evolution of the mass profile in ETGs. With the aid of the average ∼13× lensing magnification, the LAEs are frequently resolved into individual star-forming knots with a wide range of properties. They have characteristic sizes from less than 100 pc to several kiloparsecs, rest-frame far-UV apparent AB magnitudes from 29.6 to 24.2, and typical projected separations of 500 pc to 2 kpc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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24. THE BOSS EMISSION-LINE LENS SURVEY. III. STRONG LENSING OF Lyα EMITTERS BY INDIVIDUAL GALAXIES.

Author

Yiping Shu, Adam S. Bolton, Christopher S. Kochanek, Masamune Oguri, Ismael Pérez-Fournon, Zheng Zheng, Shude Mao, Antonio D. Montero-Dorta, Joel R. Brownstein, Rui Marques-Chaves, and Brice Ménard

Subjects
GRAVITATIONAL lenses, GALAXIES, SENSITIVITY analysis, SPECTRUM analysis
Abstract

We introduce the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) Emission-Line Lens Survey GALaxy-Lyα EmitteR sYstems (BELLS GALLERY) Survey, which is a Hubble Space Telescope program to image a sample of galaxy-scale strong gravitational lens candidate systems with high-redshift Lyα emitters (LAEs) as the background sources. The goal of the BELLS GALLERY Survey is to illuminate dark substructures in galaxy-scale halos by exploiting the small-scale clumpiness of rest-frame far-UV emission in lensed LAEs, and to thereby constrain the slope and normalization of the substructure-mass function. In this paper, we describe in detail the spectroscopic strong-lens selection technique, which is based on methods adopted in the previous Sloan Lens ACS (SLACS) Survey, BELLS, and SLACS for the Masses Survey. We present the BELLS GALLERY sample of the 21 highest-quality galaxy–LAE candidates selected from galaxy spectra in the BOSS of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey III. These systems consist of massive galaxies at redshifts of approximately 0.5 strongly lensing LAEs at redshifts from 2–3. The compact nature of LAEs makes them an ideal probe of dark substructures, with a substructure-mass sensitivity that is unprecedented in other optical strong-lens samples. The magnification effect from lensing will also reveal the structure of LAEs below 100 pc scales, providing a detailed look at the sites of the most concentrated unobscured star formation in the universe. The source code used for candidate selection is available for download as a part of this release. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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