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Background Toxoplasma gondii is an intracellular protozoan that can infect humans and other animals, including cattle. Cattle are one of the world’s main sources of meat, and people who consume raw or undercooked meat and milk of cattle infected with T. gondii can become infected. In this study, a total of 5292 dairy cattle serum samples, collected from 17 cities (Henan Province, China) from January 2015 to September 2017, were screened for antibodies against T. gondii. Results Antibodies to T. gondii were found in 1.93% (102/5292) (95% CI, 1.56–2.30) of dairy cattle using a modified agglutination test (cut-off 1:100). The results showed that geographic location and season may be risk factors for T. gondii infection of cattle (P

In order to generate powerful radicals as oxidizing species for the complete oxidation of NO, homogeneous activation of peroxymonosulfate (Oxone: PMS) by the Mn3O4/GO catalysts was explored. The catalytic oxidation of NO from waste gas was investigated using advanced oxidation process based on sulfate radicals that produced. The manganese oxide immobilized on graphene oxide (GO) can activate PMS for the oxidation of NO in water. We not only took advantage of the high oxidation–reduction potential of produced sulfite radicals but also an opportunity to oxidize NO on less complex compounds with low dosages. The Mn3O4/GO catalysis system was characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that Mn3O4was well-distributed on GO. The Mn3O4/GO catalyst system exhibited high efficiency for NO oxidation when the Mn3O4/GO catalyst has an optimum Mn3O4loading. In addition, the best catalytic oxidation can be achieved within 30 min with pH 4 and 6 mM PMS at 25 °C. Therefore, the results indicate promising potential for a system utilizing Mn3O4/PMS to oxidize NO for offgas treatment.

Activated sludge process has been applied worldwide in municipal and industrial wastewater treatment practices. Excess sewage sludge, produced in sedimentation after wastewater bio-treatment, is an inevitable by-product of wastewater treatment processes. In any case sludge treatment and disposal should always be considered as an integral part of treatment of wastewater. Currently, the most widely available options in the world are the agriculture utilization, the waste disposal sites, the land reclamation and restoration, the incineration and other novel uses. Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), as high-molecular weight compounds are secreted by activated sludge microorganisms, which can significantly influence the physicochemical properties and function of activated sludge flocs. Because of the crucial roles of EPS, many researchers have been made to explore their chemical compositions and physicochemical properties. Polysaccharides, humic substances and proteins are usually found to be the major components of EPS. The present paper sought to review past and future trends in sludge handling, focusing mainly at the organic matters.

One step synthesis reduced graphene oxide and cobalt oxides nanocomposites (Co3O4/RGO) in ethylene glycol as heterogeneous catalyst. The Co3O4/RGO was confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD). And Co3O4/RGO exhibits an unexpected, surprisingly high catalytic activity in degradation of Orange II in water by advanced oxidation processes based on sulfate radicals and 100% decomposition could be achieved in 16 min.

In the study, we determine the content of the main components, i.e., protein, polysaccharides and lipids in the excess activated sludge. The measurement results were consistent with those obtained before. In conclusion, the research indicated that the waste activated sludge consisted of 73.85% organic matter, 58.1% protein, 10.39 mg/g carbohydrate, less than 1% lipid.

The excess activated sludge from the Shanghai Qingpu sewage treatment plant was hydrolyzed by papain hydrolysis to extract protein. The results showed that the conditions of optimal papain hydrolysis process are described as follows: enzyme/substrate 6%, pH 6.5, the ratio of liquid to solid 4:1, hydrolysis time 5.5h and hydrolysis temperature 55 °C. On this basis, the contents of heavy metals and some kinds of amino acid from the extracts, while security and nutrition were taken into consideration, were determined. The results showed that the contents of heavy metals were lower, living up to the Health Standard for Animal Feed (China), and some kinds of amino acid were essential for animal growth in the extracts. So it was possible to take the extracts as animal feed additives.

The powdered expanded graphite (EG) was used as a porous adsorbent for the removal of the cationic dye, methylene blue (MB), from aqueous solution. The dye adsorption experiments were carried out with the bath procedure. Adsorption isotherms at different temperatures were determined and modeled with Langmuir and Freundlich equations. Thermodynamic parameters were calculated and correlated with the adsorption behaviors. The effects of solution pH on the adsorption were also studied.

Graphene oxide was used as substrate for immobilizing alkaline protease. The immobilizing conditions were optimized though single-factor test and orthogonal design. Then the activity recovery was raised to 92.0% and 70.1% in the optimum conditions of immobilization. The test indicated that the optimum technics were as follows: the enzyme amount to 1 mg carriers was 500µl, the concentration glutaraldehyde is 1%, pH was 8.0, temperature was 25°C, crosslinking time and absorption were 4 hours and 1 hour, respectively, the recycling rate of activity (RRA) reached 70.1%.

A new method to improve the adsorption ability of expanded graphite (EG) was introduced in this paper. EG was modified by nano magnesium hydroxide. Modified expanded graphite (MEG) was characterized by SEM, XRD and FTIR. Then, the removal rate of Pb (Ⅱ) rose to 99% from 60.51% on MEG, and the removal rate of Cr (Ⅵ) could reach at 23.9% from 12.36%.