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1. Growth stresses and cellulose structural parameters in tension and normal wood from three tropical rainforest angiosperm species

Author

Thibaut, B., Yamamoto, H., and Ruelle, J.

Subjects
Cellulose, Microfibril angle, Crystallite size, Tension wood, Tropical rainforest, Growth stresses, Biotechnology, TP248.13-248.65
Abstract

Few studies have been conducted about relation between cellulose para-meters and biomechanical properties of wood in tropical angiosperms species. For this purpose, on 13 trees from 3 species of French Guyana tropical rainforest in a clear active process of restoring verticality, i) growth strains were measured in situ in order to determine the occurrence of tension wood within samples and ii) cellulose structural parameters were estimated on all the samples using X-ray diffraction method. Crystallite size was estimated from the full-width at half-maximum of the Miller index (002) arc diffraction and angle T was measured following Cave’s method. Relationships between these parameters and growth stresses were good and the variations between normal and tension wood were significant, i.e. a lower angle T and a larger crystallite size in tension wood. In order to have a good estimation of the microfibril angle in the main layer of the secondary wall for each species, an experimental calibration was done between angle T and microfibril angle observed with scanning electron microscopy.

Published
2007

6. HIV-1 sub-subtype F1 outbreak among MSM in Belgium

Author

Vinken, L, Fransen, K, Pineda-Peña, A C, Alexiev, I, Balotta, C, Debaisieux, L, Devaux, C, García Ribas, S, Gomes, P, Incardona, F, Kaiser, R, Ruelle, J, Sayan, M, Paraschiv, S, Paredes, R, Peeters, M, Sonnerborg, A, Vancutsem, E, Van den Wijngaert, S, Van Ranst, M, Verhofstede, C, Vandamme, A-M, Lemey, P, Van Laethem, K, Faculty of Sciences and Bioengineering Sciences, UGENT VUB Alliance Research Group in Information Systems, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Supporting clinical sciences, Microbiology and Infection Control, Clinical Biology, Department of Bio-engineering Sciences, Faculty of Law and Criminology, and Fundamental rights centre

Abstract

HIV-1 non-B subtype infections have been observed in Belgium since the 1980s. However, subtype B predominates amongst men having sex with men (MSM), whereas other subtypes are mainly associated with sub-Saharan African migrants and heterosexual risk behavior. In the last decade, subtype F1 diagnoses have increased substantially in Belgium, representing 9% of newly diagnosed and therapy-naïve HIV-1 patients linked to care in 2014. In the present study, the Belgian subtype F1 epidemic has been characterized within a global context, where F1 is responsible for

Published
2017

7. CD4 cell count response to first-line combination ART in HIV-2+ patients compared with HIV-1+ patients: A multinational, multicohort European study

Author

Wittkop, L. Arsandaux, J. Trevino, A. van der Loeff, M.S. Anderson, J. van Sighem, A. Böni, J. Brun-Vezinet, F. Soriano, V. Boufassa, F. Brockmeyer, N. Calmy, A. Dabis, F. Jarrin, I. Dorrucci, M. Duque, V. Fätkenheuer, G. Zangerle, R. Ferrer, E. Porter, K. Judd, A. Sipsas, N.V. Lambotte, O. Shepherd, L. Leport, C. Morrison, C. Mussini, C. Obel, N. Ruelle, J. Schwarze-Zander, C. Sonnerborg, A. Teira, R. Torti, C. Valadas, E. Colin, C. Friis-Møller, N. Costagliola, D. Thiebaut, R. Chene, G. Matheron, S. Touloumi, G. Warszawski, J. Meyer, L. Krause, M.M. Ghosn, J. Reiss, P. Wit, F. Prins, M. Bucher, H. Gibb, D. Del Amo, J. Thorne, C. Mocroft, A. Kirk, O. Stephan, C. Pérez-Hoyos, S. Hamouda, O. Bartmeyer, B. Chkhartishvili, N. Noguera-Julian, A. Antinori, A. Monforte, A. Prieto, L. Conejo, P.R. Soriano-Arandes, A. Battegay, M. Kouyos, R. Tookey, P. Casabona, J. Mirò, J.M. Castagna, A. Konopnick, D. Goetghebuer, T. Sönnerborg, A. Sabin, C. Garrido, M. Haerry, D. Berenguer, J. Bohlius, J. Bouteloup, V. Cozzi-Lepri, A. Monforte, A.A. Davies, M.-A. Amo, J. Dunn, D. Egger, M. Furrer, H. Guiguet, M. Grabar, S. Leroy, V. Lodi, S. Monge, S. Nakagawa, F. Paredes, R. Phillips, A. Puoti, M. Schomaker, M. Smit, C. Sterne, J. van der Valk, M. Wyss, N. n behalf of the COHERE in EuroCoord ACHIeV2e Study Group

Subjects
virus diseases
Abstract

Background: CD4 cell recovery following first-line combination ART (cART) is poorer in HIV-2+ than in HIV-1+ patients. Only large comparisons may allow adjustments for demographic and pretreatment plasma viral load (pVL). Methods: ART-naive HIV+ adults from two European multicohort collaborations, COHERE (HIV-1 alone) and ACHIeV2e (HIV-2 alone), were included, if they started first-line cART (without NNRTIs or fusion inhibitors) between 1997 and 2011. Patients without at least one CD4 cell count before start of cART, without a pretreatment pVL and with missing a priori-defined covariables were excluded. Evolution of CD4 cell count was studied using adjusted linear mixed models. Results: We included 185 HIV-2+ and 30321 HIV-1+ patients with median age of 46 years (IQR 36-52) and 37 years (IQR 31-44), respectively. Median observed pretreatment CD4 cell counts/mm3 were 203 (95% CI 100-290) in HIV-2+ patients and 223 (95% CI 100-353) in HIV-1+ patients. Mean observed CD4 cell count changes from start of cART to 12months were +105 (95% CI 77-134) in HIV-2+ patients and +202 (95% CI 199-205) in HIV-1+ patients, an observed difference of 97 cells/mm3 in 1 year. In adjusted analysis, the mean CD4 cell increase was overall 25 CD4 cells/mm3/year lower (95% CI 5-44; P=0.0127) in HIV-2+ patients compared with HIV-1+ patients. Conclusions: A poorer CD4 cell increase during first-line cART was observed in HIV-2+patients, even after adjusting for pretreatment pVL and other potential confounders. Our results underline the need to identify more potent therapeutic regimens or strategies against HIV-2.

Published
2017

8. A21 HIV-1 sub-subtype F1 outbreak among MSM in Belgium

Author

Vinken, L., Fransen, K., Pineda-Peña, A.C., Alexiev, I., Balotta, C., Debaisieux, L., Devaux, C., García Ribas, S., Gomes, P., Incardona, F., Kaiser, R, Ruelle, J., Sayan, M., Paraschiv, S., Paredes, Roger, Peeters, M., Sonnerborg, A., Vancutsem, E., Van den Wijngaert, S., Van Ranst, M., Verhofstede, C., Vandamme, A.-M., Lemey, P., Van Laethem, K., and Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona

Published
2017

9. Isoptera

Author

Ruelle, J. E., Illies, J., editor, and Werger, M. J. A., editor

Published
1978
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12. A21 HIV-1 sub-subtype F1 outbreak among MSM in Belgium

Author

Vinken, L., primary, Fransen, K., additional, Pineda-Peña, A.C., additional, Alexiev, I., additional, Balotta, C., additional, Debaisieux, L., additional, Devaux, C., additional, García Ribas, S., additional, Gomes, P., additional, Incardona, F., additional, Kaiser, R, additional, Ruelle, J., additional, Sayan, M., additional, Paraschiv, S., additional, Paredes, R., additional, Peeters, M., additional, Sonnerborg, A., additional, Vancutsem, E., additional, Van den Wijngaert, S., additional, Van Ranst, M., additional, Verhofstede, C., additional, Vandamme, A.-M., additional, Lemey, P., additional, and Van Laethem, K., additional

Published
2017
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13. Late presentation to HIV testing is overestimated when based on the consensus definition

Author

Belgian Research AIDS & HIV consortium (BREACH), Sasse, A, Florence, E, Pharris, A, De Wit, S, Lacor, P, Van Beckhoven, D, Deblonde, J, Delforge, M-L, Fransen, K, Goffard, J-C, Legrand, J-C, Moutschen, M, Pierard, D, Ruelle, J, Vaira, D, Vandercam, B, Van Ranst, M, Van Wijngaerden, E, Vandekerckhove, L, Verhofstede, C, Clinical sciences, Microbiology and Infection Control, Internal Medicine, Supporting clinical sciences, Clinical Biology, and Department of Bio-engineering Sciences

Subjects
DYNAMICS, 0301 basic medicine, Male, Delayed Diagnosis, Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), men who have sex with men, HIV Infections, medicine.disease_cause, Men who have sex with men, Late presentation, 0302 clinical medicine, Belgium, Risk Factors, INFECTION, Medicine, Pharmacology (medical), 030212 general & internal medicine, Pathologie maladies infectieuses, Health Policy, Sciences bio-médicales et agricoles, testing, AIDS, HIV Infections/diagnosis, consensus definition, Infectious Diseases, Late diagnosis, medicine.medical_specialty, Consensus, Short Communication, late diagnosis, Hiv testing, DIAGNOSIS, 03 medical and health sciences, Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), SEROCONVERSION, Humans, Homosexuality, Male, Belgium/epidemiology, late presentation, Health policy, business.industry, HIV, CARE, medicine.disease, 030112 virology, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, Homosexuality, Male/statistics & numerical data, Family medicine, Immunology, Late presenters, business, Delayed Diagnosis/statistics & numerical data
Abstract

In 2011, a consensus was reached defining "late presenters" (LPs) as individuals presenting for care with a CD4 count, SCOPUS: ar.j, FLWOA, info:eu-repo/semantics/published

Published
2015

14. Good continuum of HIV care in Belgium despite weaknesses in retention and linkage to care among migrants

Author

Van Beckhoven, D, Florence, E, Ruelle, J, Deblonde, J, Verhofstede, C, Callens, S, Vancutsem, E, Lacor, P, Demeester, R, Goffard, J-C, Sasse, A, Breach Study Group, Van Wijngaerden, Eric, Van Ranst, Marc, Faculty of Economic and Social Sciences and Solvay Business School, Clinical sciences, Microbiology and Infection Control, Internal Medicine, UCL - SSS/IREC/MBLG - Pôle de Microbiologie médicale, UCL - (SLuc) Service de microbiologie, UCL - SSS/IREC/SLUC - Pôle St.-Luc, and UCL - (SLuc) Service de médecine interne générale

Subjects
Male, Patient Acceptance of Health Care/statistics & numerical data, Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), HIV Infections, medicine.disease_cause, Anti-Retroviral Agents/therapeutic use, Men who have sex with men, Drug Users, Medical microbiology, ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY, Belgium, INFECTION, Medicine and Health Sciences, Continuum of care, African Continental Ancestry Group, Transients and Migrants, education.field_of_study, Transmission (medicine), virus diseases, Sciences bio-médicales et agricoles, Continuity of Patient Care, Viral Load, HIV Infections/diagnosis, Infectious Diseases, Anti-Retroviral Agents, Cohort, Cascade, Female, Viral load, Research Article, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, EUROPE, TRANSMISSION, Population, UNITED-STATES, Black People, Migrants, medicine, otorhinolaryngologic diseases, Humans, COHORT, education, Belgium/epidemiology, business.industry, HIV, Patient Acceptance of Health Care, PREVENTION, Health Surveys, Tropical medicine, Immunology, business, Demography
Abstract

The Belgian HIV epidemic is largely concentrated among men who have sex with men and Sub-Saharan Africans. We studied the continuum of HIV care of those diagnosed with HIV living in Belgium and its associated factors., SCOPUS: ar.j, info:eu-repo/semantics/published

Published
2015

16. A national cohort of HIV-infected patients in Belgium: design and main characteristics

Author

Van Beckhoven, D., Buvé, A., Ruelle, J., Seyler, L., Sasse, A., and Florence, E.

Subjects
Design, HAART, Epidemiology, Follow-up, HIV, Gender, CD4 lymphocyte count, Antiretrovirals, Viral diseases, National, Laboratory network, Reference values, AIDS, Age, Belgium, Data collection, Cohort studies, Viral load, Europe, West, Mortality
Published
2012

17. An international collaboration to standardize HIV-2 viral load assays: results from the 2009 ACHI(E)V(2E) quality control study

Author

Damond, F, Benard, A, Balotta, C, Böni, J, Cotten, M, Duque, V, Ferns, B, Garson, J, Gomes, P, Gonçalves, F, Gottlieb, G, Kupfer, B, Ruelle, J, Rodes, B, Soriano, V, Wainberg, M, Taieb, A, Matheron, S, Chene, G, Brun-Vezinet, F, University of Zurich, and Damond, F

Subjects
10028 Institute of Medical Virology, 570 Life sciences, biology, 610 Medicine & health, 2726 Microbiology (medical)
Published
2011

18. Immunovirological response to triple nucleotide reverse-transcriptase inhibitors and ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitors in treatment-naive HIV-2-infected patients: The ACHIEV2E Collaboration Study Group

Author

Benard, A., Sighem, A. van, Taieb, A., Valadas, E., Ruelle, J., Soriano, V., Calmy, A., Balotta, C., Damond, F., Brun-Vezinet, F., Chene, G., Matheron, S., Koopmans †, P.P., Groot, R. de, Keuter, M., Ven, A.J.A.M. van der, Hofstede, H.J.M. ter, Flier, M. van der, Brouwer, A.E., Dofferhoff, A.S.M., Other departments, Amsterdam institute for Infection and Immunity, Infectious diseases, Paediatric Infectious Diseases / Rheumatology / Immunology, Other Research, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Global Health, General Internal Medicine, Amsterdam Public Health, and Graduate School

Subjects
Microbiology (medical), Cart, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Anti-HIV Agents, hiv-2 infected-patients plasma viral load antiretroviral therapy drug-resistance west-africa phenotypic susceptibility controlled-trials cohort nucleoside percentage, Viremia, HIV Infections, Gastroenterology, Auto-immunity, transplantation and immunotherapy [N4i 4], law.invention, Invasive mycoses and compromised host [N4i 2], Randomized controlled trial, immune system diseases, law, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Protease inhibitor (pharmacology), Viral, Retrospective Studies, Ritonavir, business.industry, virus diseases, HIV Protease Inhibitors, Viral Load, medicine.disease, Virology, Reverse transcriptase, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, Europe, Regimen, Infectious Diseases, Treatment Outcome, HIV-2, RNA, Viral, RNA, Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors, business, Poverty-related infectious diseases Infectious diseases and international health [N4i 3], Viral load, medicine.drug
Abstract

Contains fulltext : 97014.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access) BACKGROUND: Triple nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) are recommended by the World Health Organization as first-line regimen in treatment-naive HIV-2-infected patients. However, ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitor (PI/r)-containing regimens are frequently prescribed. In the absence of previous randomized trials, we retrospectively compared these regimens in observational cohorts. METHODS: HIV-2-infected patients from 7 European cohorts who started triple NRTI or PI/r since January 1998 were included. Piecewise linear models were used to estimate CD4 cell count and plasma HIV-2 RNA level slopes, differentiating an early phase (until end of month 3) and a second phase (months 4-12). On-treatment analyses censored data at major treatment modification and systematically at month 12. RESULTS: Forty-four patients started triple NRTI therapy and 126 started PI/r therapy. Overall, the median CD4 cell count was 191 cells/mm(3) and the median plasma HIV-2 RNA level was >/=2.7 log(10) copies/ml in 61% of the patients at combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) initiation; the median duration of the first cART was 20 months, not differing between groups. PI/r regimens were associated with better CD4 cell count and HIV-2 RNA level outcomes, compared with NRTI regimens. Estimated CD4 cell count slopes were +6 and +12 cells/mm(3)/month during the early phase (P = .22), and -60 cells/mm(3)/year versus +76 cells/mm(3)/year during the second phase (P = .002), for triple NRTI and PI/r, respectively. Estimated mean HIV-2 RNA levels at month 12 in patients with detectable viremia at cART initiation were 4.0 and 2.2 log(10) copies/ml, respectively (P = .005). CONCLUSIONS: In this observational study, PI/r-containing regimens showed superior efficacy over triple NRTI regimens as first-line therapy in HIV-2-infected patients.

Published
2011

20. Chemical imaging of tension wood in tropical rain forest species by Confocal Raman microscopy

Author

Gierlinger, N., Singla, P., Ruelle, J., Clair, Bruno, Laboratoire de Mécanique et Génie Civil (LMGC), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Aigle, Lmgc

Subjects
[PHYS.MECA.MEMA]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Mechanics of materials [physics.class-ph], [PHYS.MECA.MEMA] Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Mechanics of materials [physics.class-ph], [SPI.MECA.MEMA]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanics of materials [physics.class-ph], [SPI.MECA.MEMA] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanics of materials [physics.class-ph]
Abstract

Non renseigné

Published
2007

23. Tension wood and opposite wood in 21 tropical rain forest species : occurence and efficiency of the G.-Layer

Author

Clair, B., Ruelle, J., Beauchêne, J., Prévost, Marie-Françoise, Fournier, M., Botanique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des Végétations (UMR AMAP), and Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])

Subjects
tension wood, G-layer, wood anatomy, French Guyana, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, FORET TROPICALE HUMIDE, Gelatinous layer, ANATOMIE DU BOIS, tropical rain forest, TENSION DU BOIS
Published
2006

24. Tension wood and opposite wood in 21 tropical rain forest species : 1. Occurence and efficiency of the G-layer

Author

Bruno Clair, Ruelle, J., Beauchêne, J., Prévost, M. F., and Fournier, M.

Subjects
K50 - Technologie des produits forestiers, Bois, F62 - Physiologie végétale - Croissance et développement, Forêt tropicale humide, Bois tropical, K10 - Production forestière
Abstract

Wood samples were taken from the upper and lower sides of 21 naturally tilted trees from 18 families of angiosperms in the tropical rain forest in French Guyana. The measurement of growth stresses ensured that the two samples were taken from wood tissues in a different mechanical state: highly tensile stressed wood on the upper side, called tension wood, and lower tensile stressed wood on the lower side, called opposite wood. Eight species had tension wood fibres with a distinct gelatinous layer (G-layer). The distribution of gelatinous fibres varied from species to species. One of the species, Casearia javitensis (Flacourtiaceae), showed a peculiar multilayered secondary wall in its reaction wood. Comparison between the stress level and the occurrence of the G-layer indicates that the G-layer is not a key factor in the production of high tensile stressed wood.

Published
2006

25. Tension wood and opposite wood in 21 tropical rain forest species. 2. Comparison of some anatomical and ultrastructural criteria

Author

Ruelle, J., Bruno Clair, Beauchêne, J., Prévost, M. F., Fournier, M., School of Bio-agricultural Science (SBS-NAGOYA), Nagoya University, Ecologie des forêts de Guyane (ECOFOG), Ecole Nationale du Génie Rural, des Eaux et des Forêts (ENGREF)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Mécanique et Génie Civil (LMGC), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Botanique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des Végétations (UMR AMAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])

Subjects
K50 - Technologie des produits forestiers, [SPI.OTHER]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Other, TROPICAL RAIN FOREST, WOOD FIBRE, technology, industry, and agriculture, FIBRE DE BOIS, [SDV.BID]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity, [SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, complex mixtures, F50 - Anatomie et morphologie des plantes, ANATOMIE, OPPOSITE WOOD, VESSELS, BOIS DE REACTION, LICANIA MEMBRANACEA, FORET TROPICALE HUMIDE, TENSION WOOD, WOOD ANATOMY, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience; The anatomy of tension wood and opposite wood was compared in 21 tropical rain forest trees from 21 species belonging to 18 families from French Guyana. Wood secimens were taken from the upper and lower sides of naturally titled trees. Measurement of the growth stress level ensured that the two samples were taken from wood tissues in a different mechanical state: highly tensile-stressed wood on the upper side, called tension wood and normally tensile-stressed wood on the lower side, called opposite wood. Quantitative parameters relating to fibres and vessels were measured on transverse sections of both tension and opposite wood to check if certain criteria can easily discriminate the two kinds of wood. We observed a decrease in the frequency of vessels in the tension wood in all the trees studied. Other criteria concerning shape and surface area of the vessels, fibre diameter or cell wall thickness did not reveal any general trend.At the ultrastructural level, we observed that the microfibril angle in the tension wood sample was lower than in opposite wood in all the trees except one (Licania membranacea).

Published
2006

26. Reaction mechanisms for the shape control in angiosperms tension wood: diversity, efficiency, limits and alternatives

Author

Clair, Bruno, Ruelle, J., Almeras, Tancrède, Fournier, M., Laboratoire de Mécanique et Génie Civil (LMGC), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Aigle, Lmgc

Subjects
[SPI.MECA.BIOM] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Biomechanics [physics.med-ph], [PHYS.MECA.BIOM] Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Biomechanics [physics.med-ph], [SPI.MECA.BIOM]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Biomechanics [physics.med-ph], [PHYS.MECA.BIOM]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Biomechanics [physics.med-ph]
Abstract

Tension wood is known to be the main mechanism for the shape control in angiosperms. An overview of the anatomical diversity of tension wood by comparison to opposite wood is presented from the result of a study on 21 species in tropical rain forest. Anatomical measurements on vessel and fibres do not allow to evidence common criteria for the high tensile stress generation. At the ultrastructural level, microfibrils angle is the only common criterion with a lower MFA in tension wood. Typical gelatinous (G-) layer appears to be present in few species only, some other species present an intermediary stage of modification between S2 and G and in some other, fibres do not present any anatomical difference between normal and tension wood. Typical gelatinous fibres do not show any evidence of producing a higher stress level than other types of tension wood. From this study, it appears that residual tension strains reach a maximum around 3500 µstrain. The presence of a maximum is discussed; it can be interpreted either as a physical limit in the mechanism generating maturation stress or as a trade-off in order prevent the stem from internal cracks. To increase the bending moment the role of opposite wood has to be taken into account. It can be observed some very low tensile stress value and sometime compression stress value on the opposite side of tension wood. Measurement of physical properties such as longitudinal shrinkage or ultrastructural features such as MFA have been done in order to prove that these compression values in angiosperms are not artefacts. Finally, few words are presented on another complementary mechanism: the growth eccentricity with the extreme case of buttresses of tropical rain forest trees.

Published
2005

39. Importance of Cubitermes termitaries as shelter for alien incipient termite societies.

Author

Dejean, A. and Ruelle, J.

Abstract

We hypothetized that in the African rainforest (Cameroon), one of the principal limiting factors for termite multiplication is the relative scarcity of nesting sites. As a consequence, termitaries of Cubitermes fungifaber, C. banksi and C. subarquatus with their alveolate structure might constitute good shelters for incipient societies. In the cavities of these termitaries we recorded 29 termite species (including conspecifics) belonging to 23 genera and 5 subfamilies. Active Cubitermes fungifaber and C. banksi termitaries shelter fewer incipient and adult societies than abandoned ones. Active C. subarquatus termitaries shelter more incipient societies than abandoned ones, while the difference is not significant with regards to termite societies at other stages of development. The frequency of sheltered Cubitermes spp. incipient societies was so large (72.3%) that we suggest that abandoned termitaries and unoccupied zones of active ones had an adaptative value at the generic level as they constitute good shelters (probably the best) for incipient societies and favour reproduction in Cubitermes spp. societies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1995
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47. CD4 cell count response to first-line combination ART in HIV-2+ patients compared with HIV-1+ patients: A multinational, multicohort European study

Author

Wittkop, Linda, Arsandaux, Julie, Trevino, Ana, van der Loeff, Maarten Schim, Anderson, Jane, van Sighem, Ard, Böni, Jürg, Brun-Vezinet, Françoise, Soriano, Vicente, Boufassa, Faroudy, Brockmeyer, Norbert, Calmy, Alexandra, Dabis, François, Jarrin, Inma, Dorrucci, Maria, Duque, Vitor, Fätkenheuer, Gerd, Zangerle, Robert, Ferrer, Elena, Porter, Kholoud, Judd, Ali, Sipsas, Nikolaos V., Lambotte, Olivier, Shepherd, Leah, Leport, Catherine, Morrison, Charles, Mussini, Cristina, Obel, Niels, Ruelle, Jean, Schwarze-Zander, Carolyne, Sonnerborg, Anders, Teira, Ramon, Torti, Carlo, Valadas, Emilia, Colin, Celine, Friis-Møller, Nina, Costagliola, Dominique, Thiebaut, Rodolphe, Chene, Geneviève, Matheron, Sophie, Touloumi, Giota, Warszawski, Josiane, Meyer, Laurence, Krause, Murielle Mary, Ghosn, Jade, Reiss, Peter, Wit, Ferdinand, Prins, Maria, Bucher, Heiner, Gibb, Diana, Del Amo, Julia, Thorne, Claire, Mocroft, Amanda, Kirk, Ole, Stephan, Christoph, Pérez-Hoyos, Santiago, Hamouda, Osamah, Bartmeyer, Barbara, Chkhartishvili, Nikoloz, Noguera-Julian, Antoni, Antinori, Andrea, Monforte, Antonella d'Arminio, Prieto, Luis, Conejo, Pablo Rojo, Soriano-Arandes, Antoni, Battegay, Manuel, Kouyos, Roger, Tookey, Pat, Casabona, Jordi, Mirò, Jose M., Castagna, Antonella, Konopnick, Deborah, Goetghebuer, Tessa, Sönnerborg, Anders, Sabin, Caroline, Garrido, Myriam, Haerry, David, Berenguer, Juan, Bohlius, Julia, Bouteloup, Vincent, Cozzi-Lepri, Alessandro, Davies, Mary-Anne, Amo, Julia del, Dunn, David, Egger, Matthias, Furrer, Hansjakob, Guiguet, Marguerite, Grabar, Sophie, Leroy, Valériane, Lodi, Sara, Monge, Susana, Nakagawa, Fumiyo, Paredes, Roger, Phillips, Andrew, Puoti, Massimo, Schomaker, Michael, Smit, Colette, Sterne, Jonathan, van der Valk, Marc, Wyss, Natasha, Epidémiologie et Biostatistique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Team MORPH3EUS (INSERM U1219 - UB - ISPED), Bordeaux population health (BPH), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Carlos III, Center for Infection and Immunity Amsterdam - CINIMA [Amsterdam, The Netherlands], Homerton University Hospital, Stichting HIV Monitoring [Amsterdam], Universiteit van Amsterdam (UvA), Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich (UZH), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Service de Virologie [CHU Bichat], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Ruhr-Universität Bochum [Bochum], Geneva University Hospital (HUG), CHU de Bordeaux Pellegrin [Bordeaux], Instituto de Salud Carlos III [Madrid] (ISC), CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Istituto Superiore di Sanità (ISS), Hospitais da Universidade de Coimbra (H.U.C.), University of Coimbra [Portugal] (UC), University Hospital of Cologne [Cologne], Innsbruck Medical University = Medizinische Universität Innsbruck (IMU), Hospitalet de Llobregat, University College of London [London] (UCL), National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), Service de Médecine Interne et Immunologie clinique [AP-HP Hôpital Bicêtre], Hôpital Bicêtre, Infection, Anti-microbiens, Modélisation, Evolution (IAME (UMR_S_1137 / U1137)), Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), FHI 360, Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia = University of Modena and Reggio Emilia (UNIMORE), Rigshospitalet [Copenhagen], Copenhagen University Hospital, Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL), University Hospital Bonn, Department of Infectious Diseases, Institution of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institutet, Sierrallana Hospital, Università degli Studi 'Magna Graecia' di Catanzaro = University of Catanzaro (UMG), Universidade de Lisboa = University of Lisbon (ULISBOA), Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (iPLESP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux], AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris], Infectious diseases, Wittkop, L, Arsandaux, J, Trevino, A, van der Loeff, M, Anderson, J, van Sighem, A, Böni, J, Brun-Vezinet, F, Soriano, V, Boufassa, F, Brockmeyer, N, Calmy, A, Dabis, F, Jarrin, I, Dorrucci, M, Duque, V, Fätkenheuer, G, Zangerle, R, Ferrer, E, Porter, K, Judd, A, Sipsas, N, Lambotte, O, Shepherd, L, Leport, C, Morrison, C, Mussini, C, Obel, N, Ruelle, J, Schwarze-Zander, C, Sonnerborg, A, Teira, R, Torti, C, Valadas, E, Colin, C, Friis-Møller, N, Costagliola, D, Thiebaut, R, Chene, G, Matheron, S, Touloumi, G, Warszawski, J, Meyer, L, Krause, M, Ghosn, J, Reiss, P, Wit, F, Prins, M, Bucher, H, Gibb, D, Del Amo, J, Thorne, C, Mocroft, A, Kirk, O, Stephan, C, Pérez-Hoyos, S, Hamouda, O, Bartmeyer, B, Chkhartishvili, N, Noguera-Julian, A, Antinori, A, Monforte, A, Prieto, L, Conejo, P, Soriano-Arandes, A, Battegay, M, Kouyos, R, Tookey, P, Casabona, J, Mirò, J, Castagna, A, Konopnick, D, Goetghebuer, T, Sönnerborg, A, Sabin, C, Garrido, M, Haerry, D, Berenguer, J, Bohlius, J, Bouteloup, V, Cozzi-Lepri, A, Davies, M, Amo, J, Dunn, D, Egger, M, Furrer, H, Guiguet, M, Grabar, S, Leroy, V, Lodi, S, Monge, S, Nakagawa, F, Paredes, R, Phillips, A, Puoti, M, Schomaker, M, Smit, C, Sterne, J, van der Valk, M, Wyss, N, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Istituto Superiore di Sanita [Rome], Gestionnaire, Hal Sorbonne Université, Wittkop, Linda, Arsandaux, Julie, Trevino, Ana, Van Der Loeff V Schim, Maarten, Anderson, Jane, Van Sighem, Ard, Jurg, Boni, Brun-Vezinet, Francoise, Soriano, Vicente, Boufassa, Faroudy, Brockmeyer, Norbert, Calmy, Alexandra, Dabis, Francoi, Jarrin, Inma, Dorrucci, Maria, Duque, Vitor, Fãtkenheuer, Gerd, Zangerle, Robert, Ferrer, Elena, Porter, Kholoud, Judd, Ali, Sipsas, Nikolaos V, Lambotte, Olivier, Shepherd, Leah, Leport, Catherine, Morrison, Charle, Mussini, Cristina, Obel, Niel, Ruelle, Jean, Schwarze-Zander, Carolyne, Sonnerborg, Ander, Teira, Ramon, Torti, Carlo, Valadas, Emilia, Colin, Celine, Friis-Moller, Nina, Costagliola, Dominique, Thiebaut, Rodolphe, Chene, Geneviève, Matheron, Sophie, on behalf of the COHERE in EuroCoord and ACHIeV2e Study, Group, and Castagna, Antonella

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes, Male, Internationality, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), HIV Infections, medicine.disease_cause, Gastroenterology, Anti-HIV Agents/administration & dosage/adverse effects/therapeutic use, Viral/blood, Cohort Studies, 0302 clinical medicine, CD4 HIV, Pharmacology (medical), 030212 general & internal medicine, Cd4 cell count, ddc:616, Confounding, virus diseases, Middle Aged, Viral Load, 3. Good health, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Europe, HIV-2/drug effects, Infectious Diseases, HIV-1/drug effects, RNA, Viral, Female, Viral load, Cohort study, Microbiology (medical), Cart, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Anti-HIV Agents, 030106 microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Pharmacology, business.industry, CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology/virology, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, Institutional repository, HIV Infections/blood/drug therapy/immunology/virology, HIV-2, HIV-1, RNA, Panton–Valentine leukocidin, business
Abstract

Background: CD4 cell recovery following first-line combination ART (cART) is poorer in HIV-2+ than in HIV-1+ patients. Only large comparisons may allow adjustments for demographic and pretreatment plasma viral load (pVL). Methods: ART-naive HIV+ adults from two European multicohort collaborations, COHERE (HIV-1 alone) and ACHIeV2e (HIV-2 alone), were included, if they started first-line cART (without NNRTIs or fusion inhibitors) between 1997 and 2011. Patients without at least one CD4 cell count before start of cART, without a pretreatment pVL and with missing a priori-defined covariables were excluded. Evolution of CD4 cell count was studied using adjusted linear mixed models. Results: We included 185 HIV-2+ and 30321 HIV-1+ patients with median age of 46 years (IQR 36-52) and 37 years (IQR 31-44), respectively. Median observed pretreatment CD4 cell counts/mm(3) were 203 (95% CI 100-290) in HIV-2+ patients and 223 (95% CI 100-353) in HIV-1+ patients. Mean observed CD4 cell count changes from start of cART to 12months were + 105 (95% CI 77-134) in HIV-2+ patients and + 202 (95% CI 199-205) in HIV-1+ patients, an observed difference of 97 cells/mm(3) in 1 year. In adjusted analysis, the mean CD4 cell increase was overall 25 CD4 cells/mm(3)/year lower (95% CI 5-44; P=0.0127) in HIV-2+ patients compared with HIV-1+ patients. Conclusions: A poorer CD4 cell increase during first-line cART was observed in HIV-2+ patients, even after adjusting for pretreatment pVL and other potential confounders. Our results underline the need to identify more potent therapeutic regimens or strategies against HIV-2

Published
2017

48. RegaDB: community-driven data management and analysis for infectious diseases

Author

Dan Otelea, Eric Van Wijngaerden, Paul De Munter, Martine Peeters, Anne-Mieke Vandamme, Pieter Libin, Joke Snoeck, Stijn Imbrechts, Zehava Grossman, Stefan Wesner, Koen Deforche, Annelies De Bel, Luiz Carlos Junior Alcantara, Jean Ruelle, Ahidjo Ayouba, Simona Paraschiv, Matthias Assel, Kristof Theys, Fossie Ferreira, Gertjan Beheydt, Rolf Kaiser, Carlo Torti, Patrick Lacor, Ricardo Jorge Camacho, Maurizio Zazzi, Joana Cavaco-Silva, Kristel Van Laethem, Tulio de Oliveira, Charles A. Boucher, Giuseppe Lapadula, Peter M. A. Sloot, Ana Patricia Carvalho, Computational Science Lab (IVI, FNWI), Centro de Malária e outras Doenças Tropicais (CMDT), Libin, P, Beheydt, G, Deforche, K, Imbrechts, S, Ferreira, F, Van Laethem, K, Theys, K, Carvalho, A, Cavaco-Silva, J, Lapadula, G, Torti, C, Assel, M, Wesner, S, Snoeck, J, Ruelle, J, De Bel, A, Lacor, P, De Munter, P, Van Wijngaerden, E, Zazzi, M, Kaiser, R, Ayouba, A, Peeters, M, De Oliveira, T, Alcantara, L, Grossman, Z, Sloot, P, Otelea, D, Paraschiv, S, Boucher, C, Camacho, R, Vandamme, A, School of Computer Engineering, Cell biology, and Virology

Subjects
Statistics and Probability, Source code, Databases, Factual, Database Management Systems, Humans, Software, Virus Diseases, Computer science, Interface (Java), Data management, media_common.quotation_subject, Databases and Ontologies, Biochemistry, World Wide Web, Databases, 03 medical and health sciences, Documentation, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Database Management System, Molecular Biology, Factual, 030304 developmental biology, media_common, 0303 health sciences, 030306 microbiology, business.industry, Engineering::Computer science and engineering::Computer applications::Life and medical sciences [DRNTU], Applications Notes, Data science, 3. Good health, Computer Science Applications, Computational Mathematics, Computational Theory and Mathematics, business, Human
Abstract

Summary: RegaDB is a free and open source data management and analysis environment for infectious diseases. RegaDB allows clinicians to store, manage and analyze patient data, including viral genetic sequences. Moreover, RegaDB provides researchers with a mechanism to collect data in a uniform format and offers them a canvas to make newly developed bioinformatics tools available to clinicians and virologists through a user friendly interface. Availability and implementation: Source code, binaries and documentation are available on http://regaweb.med.kuleuven.be/software/regadb/ RegaDB is written in the Java programming language, using a web-service oriented architecture. Contact: pieter.libin@rega.kuleuven.be Supplementary information: Supplementary material demonstrating the functionalities of the system is available at Bioinformatics online. Published version

Published
2013

49. Using a Centroid-based approach for a reliable identification of morels (Morchella spp.): A case study for food authentication.

Author

Cravero M, Ruelle J, Bindschedler S, Emler S, and Junier P

Subjects
DNA, Fungal genetics, Food Contamination analysis, DNA, Ribosomal Spacer genetics, Ascomycota genetics, Ascomycota classification
Abstract

Food fraud is a problematic yet common phenomenon in the food industry. It impacts numerous sectors, including the market of edible mushrooms. Morel mushrooms are prized worldwide for their culinary and medicinal use. They represent a taxonomically complex group in which food fraud has already been reported. Among the methods to evaluate food fraud, some rely on comparisons of genetic sequences obtained from a sample to existing databases. However, the quality and usefulness of the results are limited by the type of comparison tool and the quality of the database used. The Centroid-based approach is applied by SmartGene in a proprietary artificial intelligence-based method for the generation of automatically curated reference databases that can be further expert curated. In this study, using sequences of the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of the genus Morchella (true morels), we compared this approach to the traditional pairwise alignment tool using two other databases: UNITE and Mycobank (MLST). The Centroid-based approach using an expert-curated database was more performant for the identification of 53 representative ITS sequences corresponding to validated species (83% accuracy, compared to 36% and 47% accuracy for UNITE and MLST, respectively). The Centroid method also revealed an inaccurate taxonomic annotation for sequences of commercial cultivars submitted to public databases. Combined with the web-based commercial software IDNS® available at Smartgene, the Centroid-based approach constitutes a valuable tool to ensure the quality of morel products on the market for actors of the food industry. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: The Centroid-based approach can be used by agri-food actors who need to identify true morels down to the species level without any prior taxonomical knowledge. These include routine laboratories of the food industry, food distributors, and public surveillance agencies. This is a reliable method that requires minimal skills and resources, therefore being particularly adapted for nonspecialists., (© 2024 The Author(s). Journal of Food Science published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Institute of Food Technologists.)

Published
2024
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50. Immunovirological and environmental screening reveals actionable risk factors for fatal COVID-19 during post-vaccination nursing home outbreaks.

Author

Cuypers L, Keyaerts E, Hong SL, Gorissen S, Menezes SM, Starick M, Van Elslande J, Weemaes M, Wawina-Bokalanga T, Marti-Carreras J, Vanmechelen B, Van Holm B, Bloemen M, Dogne JM, Dufrasne F, Durkin K, Ruelle J, De Mendonca R, Wollants E, Vermeersch P, Boulouffe C, Djiena A, Broucke C, Catry B, Lagrou K, Van Ranst M, Neyts J, Baele G, Maes P, André E, Dellicour S, and Van Weyenbergh J

Subjects
Humans, Aged, Phylogeny, SARS-CoV-2 genetics, Nursing Homes, Vaccination, Disease Outbreaks prevention & control, COVID-19 epidemiology
Abstract

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination has resulted in excellent protection against fatal disease, including in older adults. However, risk factors for post-vaccination fatal COVID-19 are largely unknown. We comprehensively studied three large nursing home outbreaks (20-35% fatal cases among residents) by combining severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) aerosol monitoring, whole-genome phylogenetic analysis and immunovirological profiling of nasal mucosa by digital nCounter transcriptomics. Phylogenetic investigations indicated that each outbreak stemmed from a single introduction event, although with different variants (Delta, Gamma and Mu). SARS-CoV-2 was detected in aerosol samples up to 52 d after the initial infection. Combining demographic, immune and viral parameters, the best predictive models for mortality comprised IFNB1 or age, viral ORF7a and ACE2 receptor transcripts. Comparison with published pre-vaccine fatal COVID-19 transcriptomic and genomic signatures uncovered a unique IRF3 low/IRF7 high immune signature in post-vaccine fatal COVID-19 outbreaks. A multi-layered strategy, including environmental sampling, immunomonitoring and early antiviral therapy, should be considered to prevent post-vaccination COVID-19 mortality in nursing homes., (© 2023. The Author(s).)

Published
2023
Full Text
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