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Anuj Bhardwaj,1,2 Rudra Kumar Gupta,1 Ayfer Atav Ates,3 Dian Agustin Wahjuningrum,2 Burçin Ar&inodot;can,4 Taher AlOmari,5 Alexander Maniangat Luke,6,7 Ajinkya M Pawar2,8 1Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, College of Dental Science and Hospital, Indore, India; 2Department of Conservative Dentistry, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia; 3Department of Endodontics, Istinye University, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul, Turkey; 4Department of Endodontics, Bahçe&scedil;ehir University, School of Dental Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey; 5Department of Conservative Dentistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Al-Ramtha, Jordan; 6Department of Clinical Science, College of Dentistry, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates; 7Center of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates; 8Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Nair Hospital Dental College, Mumbai, 400008, IndiaCorrespondence: Dian Agustin Wahjuningrum, Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, 60132, Indonesia, Email dian-agustin-w@fkg.unair.ac.id Alexander Maniangat Luke, Department of Clinical Science, College of Dentistry, Ajman University, J1 Building C Block, Al-Jurf 346, Ajman, United Arab Emirates, Email a.luke@ajman.ac.aePurpose: This prospective single-blind, parallel-group, randomized clinical trial was aimed to compare the effect of three different rotary instrumentation systems ProTaper Next (PTN), Self-Adjusting File (SAF) and XP-endo Shaper (XPS) on postoperative pain and analgesic intakes.Patients and Methods: A total of 159 molars diagnosed with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis were randomly divided into three study groups according to the instrumentation techniques: PTN (n = 54), SAF (n = 52), and XPS (n = 53). The preoperative pain scores were taken before the onset of treatment in the groups. After a single appointment for root canal treatment, the patients were asked to rate the level of their pain according to the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) of 100 mm at 6, 24, 48, and 72-hour post-treatment intervals. Ibuprofen was prescribed to be taken while experiencing pain; patients were requested to note the number of pills consumed at intervals after treatment.Results: The patients in SAF and XPS groups had lower mean VAS scores than the PTN group at 24-, 48-, and 72-hour intervals (p < 0.05). The most common analgesic intake was optimally seen in the PTN group at a 6-hour interval. All shaping procedures caused postoperative pain, whose intensity decreased with time.Conclusion: The SAF and XPS groups had a lesser intensity of pain as well as minimum analgesic intakes as compared to the PTN group. All instrumentation systems moderately caused pain, and the PTN group experienced the highest pain among others.Keywords: postoperative pain, ProTaper next, randomized clinical trial, root canal treatment, XP-endo shaper, patient satisfaction

Aim: The aim of this study is to compare the incidence of postoperative pain using the ProTaper Next (PTN), WaveOne Gold (WOG), and Self-Adjusting File (SAF) systems. Materials and Methods: Two hundred and fourteen patients with irreversible pulpitis were selected for single-visit endodontics. The teeth were blindly assigned to three groups based on the instrumentation system used: Group A (PTN), Group B (WOG), and Group C (SAF). Participants were asked to note the incidence of the pre- and postoperative pain on a visual analog scale at different time intervals. Paired t-test and one-way ANOVA were used along with post hoc Tukey's test. Results: The greatest mean pain in Group A (PTN) and Group B (WOG) was found to be maximum in the first 24 h with a significant reduction in pain at the subsequent observation time points of 48 h, 72 h, and 7 days. Group C (SAF) showed minimum pain followed by Group B followed by Group A which showed comparatively higher pain scores even at the end of 7 days. Conclusions: In single-visit endodontics, SAF system may prove to be a better system compared with PTN and WOG as it produces minimal postoperative pain, thus improving the overall acceptance of endodontic treatment.