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2. Evolutionary diversity is associated with wood productivity in Amazonian forests

Author

Coelho de Souza, Fernanda, Dexter, Kyle G., Phillips, Oliver L., Pennington, R. Toby, Neves, Danilo, Sullivan, Martin J. P., Alvarez-Davila, Esteban, Alves, Átila, Amaral, Ieda, Andrade, Ana, Aragao, Luis E. O. C., Araujo-Murakami, Alejandro, Arets, Eric J. M. M., Arroyo, Luzmilla, Aymard C., Gerardo A., Bánki, Olaf, Baraloto, Christopher, Barroso, Jorcely G., Boot, Rene G. A., Brienen, Roel J. W., Brown, Foster, Camargo, José Luís C., Castro, Wendeson, Chave, Jerome, Cogollo, Alvaro, Comiskey, James A., Cornejo-Valverde, Fernando, da Costa, Antonio Lola, de Camargo, Plínio B., Di Fiore, Anthony, Feldpausch, Ted R., Galbraith, David R., Gloor, Emanuel, Goodman, Rosa C., Gilpin, Martin, Herrera, Rafael, Higuchi, Niro, Honorio Coronado, Eurídice N., Jimenez-Rojas, Eliana, Killeen, Timothy J., Laurance, Susan, Laurance, William F., Lopez-Gonzalez, Gabriela, Lovejoy, Thomas E., Malhi, Yadvinder, Marimon, Beatriz S., Marimon-Junior, Ben Hur, Mendoza, Casimiro, Monteagudo-Mendoza, Abel, Neill, David A., Vargas, Percy Núñez, Peñuela Mora, Maria C., Pickavance, Georgia C., Pipoly, III, John J., Pitman, Nigel C. A., Poorter, Lourens, Prieto, Adriana, Ramirez, Freddy, Roopsind, Anand, Rudas, Agustin, Salomão, Rafael P., Silva, Natalino, Silveira, Marcos, Singh, James, Stropp, Juliana, ter Steege, Hans, Terborgh, John, Thomas-Caesar, Raquel, Umetsu, Ricardo K., Vasquez, Rodolfo V., Célia-Vieira, Ima, Vieira, Simone A., Vos, Vincent A., Zagt, Roderick J., and Baker, Timothy R.

Published
2019
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3. Evolutionary heritage influences Amazon tree ecology

Author

de Souza, Fernanda Coelho, Dexter, Kyle G., Phillips, Oliver L., Brienen, Roel J. W., Chave, Jerome, Galbraith, David R., Gonzalez, Gabriela Lopez, Mendoza, Abel Monteagudo, Pennington, R. Toby, Poorter, Lourens, Alexiades, Miguel, Álvarez-Dávila, Esteban, Andrade, Ana, Aragão, Luis E. O. C., Araujo-Murakami, Alejandro, Arets, Eric J. M. M., Aymard C., Gerardo A., Baraloto, Christopher, Barroso, Jorcely G., Bonal, Damien, Boot, Rene G. A., Camargo, José L. C., Comiskey, James A., Valverde, Fernando Cornejo, de Camargo, Plínio B., Di Fiore, Anthony, Elias, Fernando, Erwin, Terry L., Feldpausch, Ted R., Ferreira, Leandro, Fyllas, Nikolaos M., Gloor, Emanuel, Herault, Bruno, Herrera, Rafael, Higuchi, Niro, Coronado, Eurŕdice N. Honorio, Killeen, Timothy J., Laurance, William F., Laurance, Susan, Lloyd, Jon, Lovejoy, Thomas E., Malhi, Yadvinder, Maracahipes, Leandro, Marimon, Beatriz S., Marimon-Junior, Ben H., Mendoza, Casimiro, Morandi, Paulo, Neill, David A., Vargas, Percy Núñez, Oliveira, Edmar A., Lenza, Eddie, Palacios, Walter A., Peñuela-Mora, Maria C., Pipoly, John J., Pitman, Nigel C. A., Prieto, Adriana, Quesada, Carlos A., RamirezAngulo, Hirma, Rudas, Agustin, Ruokolainen, Kalle, Salomão, Rafael P., Silveira, Marcos, Stropp, Juliana, ter Steege, Hans, ThomasCaesar, Raquel, van der Hout, Peter, van der Heijden, Geertje M. F., van der Meer, Peter J., Vasquez, Rodolfo V., Vieira, Simone A., Vilanova, Emilio, Vos, Vincent A., Wang, Ophelia, Young, Kenneth R., Zagt, Roderick J., and Baker, Timothy R.

Published
2016

4. Phylogenetic diversity of Amazonian tree communities

Author

Coronado, Eurídice N. Honorio, Dexter, Kyle G., Pennington, R. Toby, Chave, Jérôme, Lewis, Simon L., Alexiades, Miguel N., Alvarez, Esteban, de Oliveira, Atila Alves, Amaral, Iêda L., Araujo-Murakami, Alejandro, Arets, Eric J. M. M., Aymard, Gerardo A., Baraloto, Christopher, Bonal, Damien, Brienen, Roel, Cerón, Carlos, Valverde, Fernando Cornejo, Di Fiore, Anthony, Farfan-Rios, William, Feldpausch, Ted R., Higuchi, Niro, Huamantupa-Chuquimaco, Isau, Laurance, Susan G., Laurance, William F., López-Gonzalez, Gabriela, Marimon, Beatriz S., Marimon, Ben Hur, Mendoza, Abel Monteagudo, Neill, David, Cuenca, Walter Palacios, Mora, Maria Cristina Peñuela, Pitman, Nigel C. A., Prieto, Adriana, Quesada, Carlos A., Angulo, Hirma Ramirez, Rudas, Agustín, Ruschel, Ademir R., Revilla, Norma Salinas, Salomão, Rafael P., de Andrade, Ana Segalin, Silman, Miles R., Spironello, Wilson, ter Steege, Hans, Terborgh, John, Toledo, Marisol, Gamarra, Luis Valenzuela, Vieira, Ima C. G., Torre, Emilio Vilanova, Vos, Vincent, and Phillips, Oliver L.

Published
2015

5. Markedly divergent estimates of Amazon forest carbon density from ground plots and satellites

Author

Mitchard, Edward T. A., Feldpausch, Ted R., Brienen, Roel J. W., Lopez-Gonzalez, Gabriela, Monteagudo, Abel, Baker, Timothy R., Lewis, Simon L., Lloyd, Jon, Quesada, Carlos A., Gloor, Manuel, Steege, Hans ter, Meir, Patrick, Alvarez, Esteban, Araujo-Murakami, Alejandro, Aragão, Luiz E. O. C., Arroyo, Luzmila, Aymard, Gerardo, Banki, Olaf, Bonal, Damien, Brown, Sandra, Brown, Foster I., Cerón, Carlos E., Moscoso, Victor Chama, Chave, Jerome, Comiskey, James A., Cornejo, Fernando, Medina, Massiel Corrales, Da Costa, Lola, Costa, Flavia R. C., Di Fiore, Anthony, Domingues, Tomas F., Erwin, Terry L., Frederickson, Todd, Higuchi, Niro, Coronado, Euridice N. Honorio, Killeen, Tim J., Laurance, William F., Levis, Carolina, Magnusson, William E., Marimon, Beatriz S., Marimon, Ben Hur, Polo, Irina Mendoza, Mishra, Piyush, Nascimento, Marcelo T., Neill, David, Vargas, Mario P. Núñez, Palacios, Walter A., Parada, Alexander, Molina, Guido Pardo, Peña-Claros, Marielos, Pitman, Nigel, Peres, Carlos A., Poorter, Lourens, Prieto, Adriana, Ramirez-Angulo, Hirma, Correa, Zorayda Restrepo, Roopsind, Anand, Roucoux, Katherine H., Rudas, Agustin, Salomão, Rafael P., Schietti, Juliana, Silveira, Marcos, de Souza, Priscila F., Steininger, Marc K., Stropp, Juliana, Terborgh, John, Thomas, Raquel, Toledo, Marisol, Torres-Lezama, Armando, van Andel, Tinde R., van der Heijden, Geertje M. F., Vieira, Ima C. G., Vieira, Simone, Vilanova-Torre, Emilio, Vos, Vincent A., Wang, Ophelia, Zartman, Charles E., Malhi, Yadvinder, and Phillips, Oliver L.

Published
2014
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6. Water table depth modulates productivity and biomass across Amazonian forests

Author

Sousa, Thaiane R., Schietti, Juliana, Ribeiro, Igor O., Emilio, Thaise, Herrera Fernández, Rafael, Ter Steege, Hans, Castilho, Carolina V., Esquivel-Muelbert, Adriane, Baker, Timothy R., Pontes-Lopes, Aline, Silva, Camila V. J., Silveira, Juliana M., Derroire, Géraldine, Castro, Wendeson, Monteagudo Mendoza, Abel L., Ruschel, Ademir R., Prieto, Adriana, Nogueira Lima, Adriano Jose, Rudas, Agustin, Araujo-Murakami, Alejandro, Parada Gutierrez, Alexander, Andrade, Ana, Roopsind, Anand, Manzatto, Angelo Gilberto, Di Fiore, Anthony, Torres-Lezama, Armando, Dourdain, Aurélie, Marimon, Beatriz S., Marimon Junior, Ben Hur, Burban, Benoit, van Ulft, Bert, Herault, Bruno, Quesada, Carlos Alberto, Mendoza, Casimiro, Stahl, Clément, Bonal, Damien, Galbraith, David, Neill, David, de Oliveira, Edmar A., Hase, Eduardo, Jimenez-Rojas, Eliana, Vilanova, Emilio, Arets, Eric, Berenguer, Erika, Álvarez-Dávila, Esteban, Honorio Coronado, Eurídice N., Almeida, Everton, Coelho, Fernanda, Cornejo Valverde, Fernando, Elias, Fernando, Brown, Foster, Bongers, Frans, Ramirez Arevalo, Freddy, Lopez-Gonzalez, Gabriela, Van Der Heijden, Geertje, Aymard C., Gerardo A., Flores Llampazo, Gerardo, Pardo, Guido, Ramirez-Angulo, Hirma, do Amaral, Iêda Leão, Guimarães Vieira, Ima Célia, Huamantupa-Chuquimaco, Isau, Comiskey, James A., Singh, James, Silva Espejo, Javier, Del Aguila-Pasquel, Jhon, Zwerts, Joeri Alexander, Talbot, Joey, Terborgh, John, Ferreira, Joice, Barroso, Jorcely, Barlow, Jos, Camargo, Jose Luis C., Stropp, Juliana, Peacock, Julie, Serrano, Julio, Melgaço, Karina, Ferreira, Leandro, Blanc, Lilian, Poorter, Lourens, Valenzuela Gamarra, Luis, Aragao, Luiz E.O.C., Arroyo, Luzmila, Silveira, Marcos, Peñuela-Mora, Maria Cristina, Nuñez Vargas, Percy, Toledo, Marisol, Disney, Mathias, Rejou-Mechain, Maxime, Baisie, Michel, Kalamandeen, Michelle, Pallqui Camacho, Nadir C., Davila Cardozo, Nallaret, Silva, Natalino, Pitman, Nigel C. A., Higuchi, Niro, Banki, Olaf, Alvarez Loayza, Patricia, Graça, Paulo M. L. A., Morandi, Paulo, van der Meer, Peter J., van der Hout, Peter, and Naisso, Petrus

Subjects
Écologie forestière, F40 - Écologie végétale, K01 - Foresterie - Considérations générales, Biomasse, forêt tropicale, Nappe souterraine, Productivité
Abstract

Aim: Water availability is the major driver of tropical forest structure and dynamics. Most research has focused on the impacts of climatic water availability, whereas remarkably little is known about the influence of water table depth and excess soil water on forest processes. Nevertheless, given that plants take up water from the soil, the impacts of climatic water supply on plants are likely to be modulated by soil water conditions. Location: Lowland Amazonian forests. Time period: 1971–2019. Methods: We used 344 long-term inventory plots distributed across Amazonia to analyse the effects of long-term climatic and edaphic water supply on forest functioning. We modelled forest structure and dynamics as a function of climatic, soil-water and edaphic properties. Results Water supplied by both precipitation and groundwater affects forest structure and dynamics, but in different ways. Forests with a shallow water table (depth

Published
2022

7. Drought-mortality relationships for tropical forests

Author

Phillips, Oliver L., van der Heijden, Geertje, Lewis, Simon L., López-González, Gabriela, Aragão, Luiz E. O. C., Lloyd, Jon, Malhi, Yadvinder, Monteagudo, Abel, Almeida, Samuel, Dávila, Esteban Alvarez, Amaral, Iêda, Andelman, Sandy, Andrade, Ana, Arroyo, Luzmila, Aymard, Gerardo, Baker, Tim R., Blanc, Lilian, Bonal, Damien, de Oliveira, Átila Cristina Alves, Chao, Kuo-Jung, Cardozo, Nallaret Dávila, da Costa, Lola, Feldpausch, Ted R., Fisher, Joshua B., Fyllas, Nikolaos M., Freitas, Maria Aparecida, Galbraith, David, Gloor, Emanuel, Higuchi, Niro, Honorio, Eurídice, Jiménez, Eliana, Keeling, Helen, Killeen, Tim J., Lovett, Jon C., Meir, Patrick, Mendoza, Casimiro, Morel, Alexandra, Vargas, Percy Núñez, Patiño, Sandra, Peh, Kelvin S-H., Cruz, Antonio Peña, Prieto, Adriana, Quesada, Carlos A., Ramírez, Fredy, Ramírez, Hirma, Rudas, Agustín, Salamão, Rafael, Schwarz, Michael, Silva, Javier, Silveira, Marcos, Slik, J. W. Ferry, Sonké, Bonaventure, Thomas, Anne Sota, Stropp, Juliana, Taplin, James R. D., Vásquez, Rodolfo, and Vilanova, Emilio

Published
2010

9. Drought Sensitivity of the Amazon Rainforest

Author

Phillips, Oliver L., Aragão, Luiz E. O. C., Lewis, Simon L., Fisher, Joshua B., Lloyd, Jon, López-González, Gabriela, Malhi, Yadvinder, Monteagudo, Abel, Peacock, Julie, Quesada, Carlos A., van der Heijden, Geertje, Almeida, Samuel, Amaral, Iêda, Arroyo, Luzmila, Aymard, Gerardo, Baker, Tim R., Bánki, Olaf, Blanc, Lilian, Bonal, Damien, Brando, Paulo, Chave, Jerome, de Oliveira, Átila Cristina Alves, Cardozo, Nallaret Dávila, Czimczik, Claudia I., Feldpausch, Ted R., Freitas, Maria Aparecida, Gloor, Emanuel, Higuchi, Niro, Jiménez, Eliana, Lloyd, Gareth, Meir, Patrick, Mendoza, Casimiro, Morel, Alexandra, Neill, David A., Nepstad, Daniel, Patiño, Sandra, Peñuela, Maria Cristina, Prieto, Adriana, Ramírez, Fredy, Schwarz, Michael, Silva, Javier, Silveira, Marcos, Thomas, Anne Sota, Steege, Hans ter, Stropp, Juliana, Vásquez, Rodolfo, Zelazowski, Przemyslaw, Dávila, Esteban Alvarez, Andelman, Sandy, Andrade, Ana, Chao, Kuo-Jung, Erwin, Terry, Di Fiore, Anthony, C., Eurídice Honorio, Keeling, Helen, Killeen, Tim J., Laurance, William F., Cruz, Antonio Peña, Pitman, Nigel C. A., Vargas, Percy Núñez, Ramírez-Angulo, Hirma, Rudas, Agustín, Salamão, Rafael, Silva, Natalino, Terborgh, John, and Torres-Lezama, Armando

Published
2009
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10. Rarity of monodominance in hyperdiverse Amazonian forests

Author

ter Steege, Hans, Henkel, Terry, Helal, Nora, Marimon, Beatriz, Hur Marimon-Junior, Ben, Huth, Andreas, Groeneveld, Jürgen, Sabatier, Daniel, de Souza Coelho, Luiz, De, Diogenes, Lima Filho, Andrade, Salomão, Rafael, Amaral, Leão, Dionízia, Francisca, Matos, Almeida, Castilho, Carolina, Phillips 12, Oliver, Guevara, Juan, De, Marcelo, Veiga, Jesus, 15, Carim, Cárdenas López, Dairon, Magnusson, William, Wittmann, Florian, Victória Irume, Mariana, Pires Martins, Maria, da Silva Guimarães, José Renan, Guimarães, Silva, Molino, Jean-François, Banki, Olaf, Teresa Fernandez Piedade, Maria, Pitman, Nigel, Mendoza, Abel, Ferreira Ramos, José, Luize, Bruno, Márcia, Evlyn, de Leão Novo, Moraes, Sanna, Thiago, Silva, Freire, Martins Venticinque, Eduardo, Manzatto, Angelo, Farias, Neidiane, Reis, Costa, Terborgh, John, Regina Casula, Katia, Honorio Coronado, Euridice, Montero, Juan, Feldpausch, Ted, Duque, Alvaro, Costa, Flávia, Castaño Arboleda, Nicolás, Schöngart, Jochen, Killeen, Timothy, Vasquez, Rodolfo, Mostacedo, Bonifacio, Demarchi, Layon, Assis, Rafael, Baraloto, Chris, Engel, Julien, Petronelli, Pascal, Castellanos 42, Hernán, Brilhante de Medeiros, Marcelo, Quaresma, Adriano, Fragomeni Simon, Marcelo, Andrade, Ana, 44, Camargo, Laurance, Susan, Laurance, William, Rincón, Lorena, Schietti, Juliana, Sousa, Thaiane, De, Emanuelle, Farias, Sousa, Lopes, Maria, Leonardo, José, Magalhães, Lima, Mendonça Nascimento, Henrique, Lima de Queiroz, Helder, Aymard, Gerardo, 51, C, Brienen, Roel, David, Juan, Revilla, Cardenas, Célia, Ima, Vieira, Guimarães, Barçante, Bruno, Cintra, Ladvocat, Stevenson, Pablo, Oliveira Feitosa 53, Yuri, Duivenvoorden, Joost, Mogollón, Hugo, Araujo-Murakami, Alejandro, Valle Ferreira 10, Leandro, Lozada, José, Comiskey, James, Julio de Toledo, José, Damasco, Gabriel, Dávila, Nallarett, Draper, Freddie, Garcia-Villacorta, Roosevelt, Lopes, Aline, Vicentini, Alberto, Alonso, Alfonso, Dallmeier, Francisco, Gomes, Vitor, Lloyd, Jon, Neill, David, Praia, Daniel, de Aguiar, Portela, Arroyo, Luzmila, Antunes Carvalho, Fernanda, Coelho de Souza, Fernanda, Dantas Do Amaral, Dário, Feeley, Kenneth, Gribel, Rogério, Petratti Pansonato, Marcelo, Barlow, Jos, Berenguer, Erika, Ferreira, Joice, Fine 61, Paul, Guedes, Marcelino, Jimenez, Eliana, Licona, Juan, Cristina, Maria, Mora, Peñuela, Villa, Boris, Cerón, Carlos, Maas, Paul, Silveira, Marcos, Stropp, Juliana, Thomas 84, Raquel, Baker, Tim, Daly, Doug, Dexter, Kyle, Huamantupa-Chuquimaco, Isau, Milliken, William, Pennington, Toby, Paredes, Marcos, Fuentes, Alfredo, Klitgaard, Bente, Pena, Marcelo, Peres 93, Carlos, Silman, Miles, Sebastián Tello 90, J, Chave, Jérôme, Cornejo Valverde, Fernando, Di Fiore 97, Anthony, Hilário, Renato, Fernando Phillips 98, Juan, Rivas-Torres, Gonzalo, van Andel, Tinde, von Hildebrand, Patricio, Noronha, Janaína, Marques Barbosa, Edelcilio, Rodrigues Barbosa, Flávia, Carlos de Matos Bonates, Luiz, de Sá Carpanedo 102, Rainiellen, Paulette, Hilda, Doza, Dávila, Fonty, Emile, Gómezárate Z 104, Ricardo, Gonzales, Therany, Pepe, George, Gonzales, Gallardo, Hoffman, Bruce, Junqueira, André, Malhi, Yadvinder, Paula de Andrade Miranda, Ires, Linder, Felipe, Mozombite Pinto 88, Adriana, De, Domingos, Rodrigues, Jesus, Rudas, Agustin, Ruschel, Ademir, Marimon-Junior, Ben Hur, Coelho, Luiz de Souza, Filho, Diogenes de Andrade Lima, Amaral, Iêda Leão, Matos, Francisca Dionízia de Almeida, Phillips, Oliver, Guevara, Juan Ernesto, Carim, Marcelo de Jesus Veiga, Irume, Mariana Victória, Martins, Maria Pires, Guimarães, José Renan da Silva, Piedade, Maria Teresa Fernandez, Mendoza, Abel Monteagudo, Ramos, José Ferreira, Luize, Bruno Garcia, Moraes de Leão Novo, Evlyn Márcia, Nunez Vargas, Percy, Silva, Thiago Sanna Freire, Venticinque, Eduardo Martins, Manzatto, Angelo Gilberto, Reis, Neidiane Farias Costa, Casula, Katia Regina, Montero, Juan Carlos, Arboleda, Nicolás Castaño, Castellanos, Hernán, de Medeiros, Marcelo Brilhante, Simon, Marcelo Fragomeni, Camargo, José Luís, de Sousa Farias, Emanuelle, Lopes, Maria Aparecida, Magalhães, José Leonardo Lima, Mendonça Nascimento, Henrique Eduardo, Aymard C., Gerardo, Revilla, Juan David Cardenas, Vieira, Ima Célia Guimarães, Cintra, Bruno Barçante Ladvocat, Feitosa, Yuri Oliveira, Ferreira, Leandro Valle, Lozada, José Rafael, de Toledo, José Julio, de Aguiar, Daniel Praia Portela, Carvalho, Fernanda Antunes, de Souza, Fernanda Coelho, Do Amaral, Dário Dantas, Pansonato, Marcelo Petratti, Fine, Paul, Guedes, Marcelino Carneiro, Licona, Juan Carlos, Peñuela Mora, Maria Cristina, Thomas, Raquel, Ríos Paredes, Marcos, Pena, José Luis Marcelo, Peres, Carlos, Tello, J. Sebastián, Di Fiore, Anthony, Hilário, Renato Richard, Phillips, Juan Fernando, Noronha, Janaína Costa, Barbosa, Edelcilio Marques, Barbosa, Flávia Rodrigues, de Matos Bonates, Luiz Carlos, Carpanedo, Rainiellen de Sá, Dávila Doza, Hilda Paulette, Gómezárate Z, Ricardo, Gallardo Gonzales, George Pepe, Junqueira, André Braga, Miranda, Ires Paula de Andrade, Pinto, Linder Felipe Mozombite, Prieto, Adriana, Rodrigues, Domingos de Jesus, Silva, Natalino, Vela, César, Vos, Vincent Antoine, Zent, Egleé, Zent, Stanford, Weiss Albuquerque, Bianca, Cano, Angela, Carrero Márquez, Yrma Andreina, Correa, Diego, Costa, Janaina Barbosa Pedrosa, Flores, Bernardo Monteiro, Galbraith, David, Holmgren, Milena, Kalamandeen, Michelle, Nascimento, Marcelo Trindade, Oliveira, Alexandre, Ramirez-Angulo, Hirma, Rocha, Maira, Scudeller, Veridiana Vizoni, Sierra, Rodrigo, Tirado, Milton, Umaña Medina, Maria Natalia, van Der Heijden, Geertje, Vilanova Torre, Emilio, Vriesendorp, Corine, Wang, Ophelia, Young, Kenneth, Ahuite Reategui, Manuel Augusto, Baider, Cláudia, Balslev, Henrik, Cárdenas, Sasha, Casas, Luisa Fernanda, Farfan-Rios, William, Ferreira, Cid, Linares-Palomino, Reynaldo, Mendoza, Casimiro, Mesones, Italo, Torres-Lezama, Armando, Giraldo, Ligia Estela Urrego, Villarroel, Daniel, Zagt, Roderick, Alexiades, Miguel, de Oliveira, Edmar Almeida, Garcia-Cabrera, Karina, Hernandez, Lionel, Palacios Cuenca, Walter, Pansini, Susamar, Pauletto, Daniela, Ramirez Arevalo, Freddy, Sampaio, Adeilza Felipe, Sandoval, Elvis, Valenzuela Gamarra, Luis, Levesley, Aurora, Pickavance, Georgia, Melgaço, Karina, Systems Ecology, HANS TER STEEGE, NATURALIS BIODIVERSITY CENTER, THE NETHERLANDS, IRES PAULA DE ANDRADE MIRANDA, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA - INPA, BIANCA WEISS ALBUQUERQUE, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA - INPA, MAIRA ROCHA, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA - INPA, VERIDIANA VIZONI SCUDELLER, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO AMAZONAS, BRAZIL, MARIA CRISTINA PEÑUELA MORA, UNIVERSIDAD REGIONAL AMAZÓNICA, ECUADOR, KARINA MELGAÇO, UNIVERSITY OF LEEDS, UK., FRANCISCO DALLMEIER, SMITHSONIAN CONSERVATION BIOLOGY INSTITUTE, USA, TERRY W. HENKEL, HUMBOLDT STATE UNIVERSITY, USA, NORA HELAL, NATURALIS BIODIVERSITY CENTER, THE NETHERLANDS, BEATRIZ S. MARIMON, UNIVERSIDADE DO ESTADO DE MATO GROSSO, BRAZIL, BEN HUR MARIMON-JUNIOR, UNIVERSIDADE DO ESTADO DE MATO GROSSO, BRAZIL, ANDREAS HUTH, HELMHOLTZ CENTRE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH - UFZ, GERMANY, JÜRGEN GROENEVELD, HELMHOLTZ CENTRE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH - UFZ, GERMANY, DANIEL SABATIER, UNIVERSITÉ DE MONTPELLIER, FRANCE, LUIZ DE SOUZA COELHO, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA - INPA, BRAZIL, DIOGENES DE ANDRADE LIMA FILHO, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA - INPA, BRAZIL, RAFAEL P. SALOMÃO, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL RURAL DA AMAZÔNIA, BRAZIL, IÊDA LEÃO AMARAL, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA - INPA, BRAZIL, FRANCISCA DIONÍZIA DE ALMEIDA MATOS, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA - INPA, BRAZIL, CAROLINA V. CASTILHO, EMBRAPA, CPA DE RORAIMA, BRAZIL, OLIVER L. PHILLIPS, UNIVERSITY OF LEEDS, UK, JUAN ERNESTO GUEVARA, UNIVERSIDAD DE LAS AMÉRICAS, ECUADOR, MARCELO DE JESUS VEIGA CARIM, INSTITUTO DE PESQUISAS CIENTÍFICAS E TECNOLÓGICAS DO AMAPÁ - IEPA, BRAZIL, DAIRON CÁRDENAS LÓPEZ, INSTITUTO SINCHI, COLOMBIA, WILLIAM E. MAGNUSSON, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA - INPA, BRAZIL, FLORIAN WITTMANN, KARLSRUHE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY - KIT, GERMANY, MARIANA VICTÓRIA IRUME, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA - INPA, BRAZIL, MARIA PIRES MARTINS, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA - INPA, BRAZIL, JOSÉ RENAN DA SILVA GUIMARÃES, INSTITUTO DE PESQUISAS CIENTÍFICAS E TECNOLÓGICAS DO AMAPÁ - IEPA, BRAZIL, JEAN-FRANÇOIS MOLINO, UNIVERSITÉ DE MONTPELLIER, FRANCE, OLAF S. BÁNKI, NATURALIS BIODIVERSITY CENTER, NETHERLANDS, MARIA TERESA FERNANDEZ PIEDADE, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA - INPA, BRAZIL, NIGEL C. A. PITMAN, THE FIELD MUSEUM, USA, ABEL MONTEAGUDO MENDOZA, JARDÍN BOTÁNICO DE MISSOURI, PERU, JOSÉ FERREIRA RAMOS, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA - INPA, BRAZIL, BRUNO GARCIA LUIZE, UNESP, BRAZIL, ALFONSO ALONSO, SMITHSONIAN CONSERVATION BIOLOGY INSTITUTE, USA, PERCY NÚÑEZ VARGAS, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS ESPACIAIS-INPE, BRAZIL, THIAGO SANNA FREIRE SILVA, UNESP, BRAZIL, EDUARDO MARTINS VENTICINQUE, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO RIO GRANDE DO NORTE, BRAZIL, ANGELO GILBERTO MANZATTO, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE RONDÔNIA, BRAZIL, NEIDIANE FARIAS COSTA REIS, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE RONDÔNIA, BRAZIL, JOHN TERBORGH, UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA, USA, KATIA REGINA CASULA, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE RONDÔNIA, BRAZIL, EURIDICE N. HONORIO CORONADO, IIAP, PERU, JUAN CARLOS MONTERO, INSTITUTO BOLIVIANO DE INVESTIGACION FORESTAL, BOLIVIA, TED R. FELDPAUSCH, UNIVERSITY OF EXETER, UK, ALVARO DUQUE, UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE COLOMBIA, COLOMBIA, FLÁVIA R. C. COSTA, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA - INPA, BRAZIL, NICOLÁS CASTAÑO ARBOLEDA, INSTITUTO SINCHI, COLOMBIA, JOCHEN SCHÖNGART, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA - INPA, BRAZIL, TIMOTHY J. KILLEEN, AGTECA-AMAZONICA, BOLIVIA, RODOLFO VASQUEZ, JARDÍN BOTÁNICO DE MISSOURI, PERU, BONIFACIO MOSTACEDO, UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA GABRIEL RENÉ MORENO, BOLIVIA, LAYON O. DEMARCHI, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA - INPA, BRAZIL, RAFAEL L. ASSIS, UNIVERSITY OF OSLO, NORWAY, CHRIS BARALOTO, FLORIDA INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY, USA, JULIEN ENGEL, FLORIDA INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY, USA, PASCAL PETRONELLI, INRA, FRANCE, HERNÁN CASTELLANOS, UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL EXPERIMENTAL DE GUAYANA, VENEZUELA, MARCELO BRILHANTE DE MEDEIROS, Cenargen, ADRIANO QUARESMA, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA - INPA, MARCELO FRAGOMENI SIMON, Cenargen, ANA ANDRADE, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA - INPA, JOSÉ LUÍS CAMARGO, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA - INPA, SUSAN G. W. LAURANCE, JAMES COOK UNIVERSITY, AUSTRALIA, WILLIAM F. LAURANCE, JAMES COOK UNIVERSITY, AUSTRALIA, LORENA M. RINCÓN, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA - INPA, JULIANA SCHIETTI, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA - INPA, THAIANE R. SOUSA, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA - INPA, EMANUELLE DE SOUSA FARIAS, INSTITUTO LEÔNIDAS E MARIA DEANE, MARIA APARECIDA LOPES, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO PARÁ, JOSÉ LEONARDO LIMA MAGALHÃES, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO PARÁ, HENRIQUE EDUARDO MENDONÇA NASCIMENTO, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA - INPA, HELDER LIMA DE QUEIROZ, INSTITUTO DE DESENVOLVIMENTO SUSTENTÁVEL MAMIRAUÁ, GERARDO A. AYMARD C., HERBARIO UNIVERSITARIO (PORT), VENEZUELA, ROEL BRIENEN, UNIVERSITY OF LEEDS, UK, JUAN DAVID CARDENAS REVILLA, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA - INPA, IMA CÉLIA GUIMARÃES VIEIRA, MUSEU PARAENSE EMÍLIO GOELDI, BRUNO BARÇANTE LADVOCAT CINTRA, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA - INPA, PABLO R. STEVENSON, UNIVERSIDAD DE LOS ANDES, COLOMBIA, YURI OLIVEIRA FEITOSA, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA - INPA, JOOST F. DUIVENVOORDEN, UNIVERSITY OF AMSTERDAM, THE NETHERLANDS, HUGO F. MOGOLLÓN, ENDANGERED SPECIES COALITION, USA, ALEJANDRO ARAUJO-MURAKAMI, UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA GABRIEL RENE MORENO, BOLIVIA, LEANDRO VALLE FERREIRA, MUSEU PARAENSE EMÍLIO GOELDI, JOSÉ RAFAEL LOZADA, UNIVERSIDAD DE LOS ANDES, VENEZUELA, JAMES A. COMISKEY, NATIONAL PARK SERVICE, USA, JOSÉ JULIO DE TOLEDO, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO AMAPÁ, GABRIEL DAMASCO, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, USA, NÁLLARETT DÁVILA, UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE CAMPINAS, FREDDIE DRAPER, CARNEGIE INSTITUTION FOR SCIENCE, USA, ROOSEVELT GARCÍA-VILLACORTA, UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH, UK, ALINE LOPES, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA - INPA, ALBERTO VICENTINI, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA - INPA, BRAZIL, VITOR H. F. GOMES, MUSEU PARAENSE EMÍLIO GOELDI, JON LLOYD, IMPERIAL COLLEGE LONDON, UK, DAVID NEILL, UNIVERSIDAD ESTATAL AMAZÓNICA, ECUADOR, DANIEL PRAIA PORTELA DE AGUIAR, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA - INPA, LUZMILA ARROYO, UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA GABRIEL RENE MORENO, BOLIVIA, FERNANDA ANTUNES CARVALHO, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA - INPA, BRAZIL, FERNANDA COELHO DE SOUZA, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA - INPA, BRAZIL, DÁRIO DANTAS DO AMARAL, MUSEU PARAENSE EMÍLIO GOELDI, KENNETH J. FEELEY, UNIVERSITY OF MIAMI, USA, ROGERIO GRIBEL, INSTITUTO DE PESQUISAS JARDIM BOTÂNICO DO RIO DE JANEIRO, MARCELO PETRATTI PANSONATO, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA - INPA, JOS BARLOW, LANCASTER UNIVERSITY, UK, ERIKA BERENGUER, UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD, UK, JOICE NUNES FERREIRA, CPATU, PAUL V. A. FINE, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, USA, MARCELINO CARNEIRO GUEDES, CPAF-AP, ELIANA M. JIMENEZ, INSTITUCIÓN UNIVERSITARIA, COLOMBIA, JUAN CARLOS LICONA, INSTITUTO BOLIVIANO DE INVESTIGACION FORESTAL, BOLIVIA, BORIS VILLA, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA - INPA, CARLOS CERÓN, UNIVERSIDAD CENTRAL, ECUADOR, PAUL MAAS, NATURALIS BIODIVERSITY CENTER, THE NETHERLANDS, MARCOS SILVEIRA, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO ACRE, JULIANA STROPP, FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF ALAGOAS, RAQUEL THOMAS, IWOKRAMA INTERNATIONAL CENTRE FOR RAINFOREST CONSERVATION, GUYANA, TIM R. BAKER, UNIVERSITY OF LEEDS, UK, DOUG DALY, NEW YORK BOTANICAL GARDEN, USA, KYLE G. DEXTER, UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH, UK, ISAU HUAMANTUPA-CHUQUIMACO, UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE SAN ANTONIO ABAD DEL CUSCO, PERU, WILLIAM MILLIKEN, ROYAL BOTANIC GARDENS, UK, TOBY PENNINGTON, UNIVERSITY OF EXETER, UK, MARCOS RÍOS PAREDES, SERVICIOS DE BIODIVERSIDAD EIRL, PERU, ALFREDO FUENTES, UNIVERSITARIO UMSA, BOLIVIA, BENTE KLITGAARD, ROYAL BOTANIC GARDENS, UK, JOSÉ LUIS MARCELO PENA, UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL AGRARIA LA MOLINA, PERU, MILES R. SILMAN, WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY, USA, J. SEBASTIÁN TELLO, MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN, USA, JEROME CHAVE, CNRS AND UNIVERSITÉ PAUL SABATIER, FRANCE, FERNANDO CORNEJO VALVERDE, ANDES TO AMAZON BIODIVERSITY PROGRAM, PERU, ANTHONY DI FIORE, UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN, USA, RENATO RICHARD HILÁRIO, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO AMAPÁ, JUAN FERNANDO PHILLIPS, FUNDACIÓN PUERTO RASTROJO, COLOMBIA, GONZALO RIVAS-TORRES, UNIVERSIDAD SAN FRANCISCO DE QUITO-USFQ, ECUADOR, TINDE R. VAN ANDEL, NATURALIS BIODIVERSITY CENTER, THE NETHERLANDS, PATRICIO VON HILDEBRAND, FUNDACIÓN ESTACIÓN DE BIOLOGÍA, COLOMBIA, JANAÍNA COSTA NORONHA, ICNHS, FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF MATO GROSSO, EDELCILIO MARQUES BARBOSA, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA - INPA, FLÁVIA RODRIGUES BARBOSA, ICNHS, FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF MATO GROSSO, LUIZ CARLOS DE MATOS BONATES, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA - INPA, RAINIELLEN DE SÁ CARPANEDO, ICNHS, FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF MATO GROSSO, HILDA PAULETTE DÁVILA DOZA, SERVICIOS DE BIODIVERSIDAD EIRL, PERU, ÉMILE FONTY, DIRECTION RÉGIONALE DE LA GUYANE, FRENCH GUIANA, RICARDO GÓME ZÁRATEZ, PROTERRA - IIAP, PERU, THERANY GONZALES, ACEER FOUNDATION, PERU, GEORGE PEPE GALLARDO GONZALES, SERVICIOS DE BIODIVERSIDAD EIRL, PERU, BRUCE HOFFMAN, AMAZON CONSERVATION TEAM, SURINAME, ANDRÉ BRAGA JUNQUEIRA, UNIVERSITAT AUTÒNOMA DE BARCELONA, SPAIN, YADVINDER MALHI, OXFORD UNIVERSITY CENTRE FOR THE ENVIRONMENT, UK, LINDER FELIPE MOZOMBITE PINTO, SERVICIOS DE BIODIVERSIDAD EIRL, PERU, ADRIANA PRIETO, UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE COLOMBIA, COLOMBIA, DOMINGOS DE JESUS RODRIGUES, ICNHS, FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF MATO GROSSO, AGUSTÍN RUDAS, UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE COLOMBIA, COLOMBIA, ADEMIR ROBERTO RUSCHEL, CPATU, NATALINO SILVA, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL RURAL DA AMAZÔNIA, BRAZIL, CÉSAR I. A. VELA, UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE SAN ANTONIO ABAD DEL CUSCO, PERU, VINCENT ANTOINE VOS, UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA DEL BENI JOSÉ BALLIVIÁN, BOLIVIA, EGLEÉ L. ZENT, INSTITUTO VENEZOLANO DE INVESTIGACIONES CIENTÍFICAS, VENEZUELA, STANFORD ZENT, INSTITUTO VENEZOLANO DE INVESTIGACIONES CIENTÍFICAS, VENEZUELA, ANGELA CANO, UNIVERSIDAD DE LOS ANDES, COLOMBIA, YRMA ANDREINA CARRERO MÁRQUEZ, UNIVERSIDAD DE LOS ANDES, VENEZUELA, DIEGO F. CORREA, UNIVERSIDAD DE LOS ANDES, COLOMBIA, JANAINA BARBOSA PEDROSA COSTA, BERNARDO MONTEIRO FLORES, UNIVERSITY OF CAMPINAS, BRAZIL, DAVID GALBRAITH, UNIVERSITY OF LEEDS, UK, MILENA HOLMGREN, WAGENINGEN UNIVERSITY & RESEARCH, THE NETHERLANDS, MICHELLE KALAMANDEEN, UNIVERSITY OF LEEDS, UK, MARCELO TRINDADE NASCIMENTO, UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DO NORTE FLUMINENSE, BRAZIL, ALEXANDRE A. OLIVEIRA, USP, HIRMA RAMIREZ-ANGULO, UNIVERSIDAD DE LOS ANDES, VENEZUELA, RODRIGO SIERRA, GEOIS, ECUADOR, MILTON TIRADO, GEOIS, ECUADOR, MARIA NATALIA UMAÑA MEDINA, UNIVERSIDAD DE LOS ANDES, COLOMBIA, GEERTJE VAN DER HEIJDEN, UNIVERSITY OF NOTTINGHAM, UK, EMILIO VILANOVA TORRE, UNIVERSIDAD DE LOS ANDES, VENEZUELA, CORINE VRIESENDORP, THE FIELD MUSEUM, USA, OPHELIA WANG, NORTHERN ARIZONA UNIVERSITY, USA, KENNETH R. YOUNG, UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN, USA, MANUEL AUGUSTO AHUITE REATEGUI, LORETO, PERU, CLÁUDIA BAIDER, MINISTRY OF AGRO-INDUSTRY AND FOOD SECURITY, MAURITIUS, HENRIK BALSLEV, AARHUS UNIVERSITY, DENMARK, SASHA CÁRDENAS, UNIVERSIDAD DE LOS ANDES, COLOMBIA, LUISA FERNANDA CASAS, UNIVERSIDAD DE LOS ANDES, COLOMBIA, WILLIAM FARFAN-RIOS, WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY, USA, CID FERREIRA, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA - INPA, REYNALDO LINARES-PALOMINO, SMITHSONIAN CONSERVATION BIOLOGY INSTITUTE, USA, CASIMIRO MENDOZA, FOMABO, BOLIVIA, ITALO MESONES, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, USA, ARMANDO TORRES-LEZAMA, UNIVERSIDAD DE LOS ANDES, VENEZUELA, LIGIA ESTELA URREGO GIRALDO, UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE COLOMBIA, COLOMBIA, DANIEL VILLARROEL, UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA GABRIEL RENE MORENO, BOLIVIA, RODERICK ZAGT, TROPENBOS INTERNATIONAL, THE NETHERLANDS, MIGUEL N. ALEXIADES, UNIVERSITY OF KENT, UK, EDMAR ALMEIDA DE OLIVEIRA, UNIVERSIDADE DO ESTADO DE MATO GROSSO, BRAZIL, KARINA GARCIA-CABRERA, WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY, USA, LIONEL HERNANDEZ, UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL EXPERIMENTAL DE GUAYANA, VENEZUELA, WALTER PALACIOS CUENCA, UNIVERSIDAD TÉCNICA DEL NORTE, ECUADOR, SUSAMAR PANSINI, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE RONDÔNIA, BRAZIL, DANIELA PAULETTO, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO OESTE DO PARÁ, BRAZIL, FREDDY RAMIREZ AREVALO, UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE LA AMAZONIA PERUANA, PERU, ADEILZA FELIPE SAMPAIO, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE RONDÔNIA, BRAZIL, ELVIS H. VALDERRAMA SANDOVAL, UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI, USA, LUIS VALENZUELA GAMARRA, JARDÍN BOTÁNICO DE MISSOURI, PERU, AURORA LEVESLEY, UNIVERSITY OF LEEDS, UK, GEORGIA PICKAVANCE, UNIVERSITY OF LEEDS, UK, CARLOS A. PERES, UNIVERSITY OF EAST ANGLIA, UK, EVLYN MÁRCIA MORAES DE LEÃO NOVO, INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS ESPACIAIS - INPE, BRAZIL, Naturalis Biodiversity Center [Leiden], Humboldt State University (HSU), Helmholtz Zentrum für Umweltforschung = Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Department of Ecological Modelling [UFZ Leipzig], Botanique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des Végétations (UMR AMAP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi [Belém, Brésil] (MPEG), Centro de Pesquisa Agroflorestal de Roraima, Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa), Coordenac Bao de Pesquisas em Ecologia, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), Department of Biochemistry [Mainz], Max Planck Institute for Chemistry (MPIC), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft-Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics (IBED), University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA), Division of Marine Science and Conservation, Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University [Durham], Departamento de Ciencias Forestales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Missouri Botanical Garden, Ecologie des forêts de Guyane (UMR ECOFOG), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech-Université de Guyane (UG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), James Cook University (JCU), Royal Welsh College of Music & Drama (RWCMD), Herbario Universitario PORT, School of Geography [Leeds], University of Leeds, Laboratorio de Botánica & Sistemática, Universidad de Los Andes [Venezuela] (ULA), Universidad Autonoma Gabriel René Moreno (UAGRM), Département Intelligence Ambiante et Systèmes Interactifs (DIASI), Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Department of Integrative Biology, Department of Integrative Biology [Berkeley] (IB), University of California [Berkeley], University of California-University of California, University of Edinburgh, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, Center for Conservation Education and Sustainability, MRC 705, Box 37012, Washington, DC, VA 20013-7012, USA, Imperial College London, Universidad Estatal Amazonica, Chercheur indépendant, Laboratório de Genética e Biologia Reprodutiva de Plantas, Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Embrapa Amapa, Instituto Boliviano de Investigacion Forestal (IBIF), CREPAL - Centre de recherches sur les pays lusophones - EA 3421 (CREPAL), Université Sorbonne Nouvelle - Paris 3, Herbario Nacional del Ecuador, Department of Botany, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Museu Univ, Universidade Federal do Acre (UFAC), JRC Institute for Environment and Sustainability (IES), European Commission - Joint Research Centre [Ispra] (JRC), Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco (UNSAAC), Royal Botanic Garden , Kew, Evolution et Diversité Biologique (EDB), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Andes to Amazon Biodiversity Program [Madre de Dios], Universidad San Francisco de Quito (EQUATEUR), Universidade Federal de Vicosa (UFV), University of Oxford [Oxford], Universidad Nacional de Colombia [Bogotà] (UNAL), Universidad de Las Américas [Ecuador] (UDLA), Iwokrama International Centre for Rainforest Conservation and Development, Dpt of Anthropology [Austin], University of Texas at Austin [Austin], Instituto de Medicina Tropical 'Alexander von Humboldt' (IMT AvH), Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia (UPCH), Resource Ecology Group, Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), Universidad de los Andes [Bogota] (UNIANDES), Geoinformática y Sistemas , Cia. Ltda (GeoIS), School of Geography, University of Oxford, Sch Earth Sci & Environm Sustainabil, Northern Arizona University [Flagstaff], Instituto de Manejo Forestal, Department of integrative biology, University of California, University of Kent [Canterbury], Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso (UFMT), Ecosystem and Landscape Dynamics (IBED, FNWI), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Universidad de Los Andes [Mérida, Venezuela] (ULA), Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST (CEA)), University of California [Berkeley] (UC Berkeley), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Royal Botanic Gardens [Kew], Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidad San Francisco de Quito (USFQ), Universidade Federal de Viçosa = Federal University of Viçosa (UFV), University of Oxford, University of California (UC), Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Department of Ecological Modelling, Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Missouri Bot Garden, 4344 Shaw Blvd, Missouri Botanical Garden (USA), Universidad de los Andes, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Universidad Nacional San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Departamento de Ingeniería Electrónica, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Wageningen University and Research Centre [Wageningen] (WUR), Universidad de los Andes [Bogota], Free University, Humboldt State University, Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Technische Universitaet Dresden, Université de Montpellier, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA), Universidad de las Américas, The Field Museum, Instituto de Pesquisas Científicas e Tecnológicas do Amapá - IEPA, Instituto SINCHI, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology - KIT, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Jardín Botánico de Missouri, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais – INPE, Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Universidade Federal de Rondônia, University of Florida, James Cook University, Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana (IIAP), Instituto Boliviano de Investigacion Forestal, University of Exeter, Agteca-Amazonica, Universidad Autónoma Gabriel René Moreno, University of Oslo, Florida International University, Univ Guyane, Universidad Nacional Experimental de Guayana, Fiocruz, Pav. Arthur Neiva – Térreo, Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Instituto de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Mamirauá, UNELLEZ-Guanare, University of Amsterdam, Endangered Species Coalition, Universidad Autónoma Gabriel Rene Moreno, Inventory and Monitoring Program, Ciências Ambientais, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Carnegie Institution for Science, Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, University of Brasilia, Universidad Estatal Amazónica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), University of Miami, Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden, Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Instituto Tecnológico de Antioquia - Institución Universitaria, Universidad Regional Amazónica IKIAM, Universidad Central, Universidade Federal do Acre, Federal University of Alagoas, Iwokrama International Centre for Rainforest Conservation, New York Botanical Garden, Kew, Servicios de Biodiversidad EIRL, Universitario UMSA, Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina, University of East Anglia, Wake Forest University, UMR 5174 EDB, Andes to Amazon Biodiversity Program, University of Texas at Austin, Fundación Puerto Rastrojo, Universidad San Francisco de Quito-USFQ, Fundación Estación de Biología, Federal University of Mato Grosso, ONF, ACEER Foundation, Amazon Conservation Team, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Dyson Perrins Building, Universidad Autónoma del Beni José Ballivián, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas - IVIC, 1 Brookside., The University of Queensland, Wageningen University & Research, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Conjunto Forestal, Universidade Federal do Amazonas - UFAM – Instituto de Ciências Biológicas – ICB1, 3° Piso, University of Maryland, University Park, University of Washington, Northern Arizona University, Ministry of Agro-Industry and Food Security, Aarhus University, Manejo Forestal en las Tierras Tropicales de Bolivia, Universidad Mayor de San Simon (UMSS), Tropenbos International, University of Kent, Universidad Técnica del Norte, Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará, Universidad Nacional de la Amazonia Peruana, University of Missouri, University of St Andrews. School of Geography & Sustainable Development, Université des Antilles (UA)-Université de Guyane (UG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AgroParisTech-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Ter Steege, Hans [0000-0002-8738-2659], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management, Geography & travel, QH301 Biology, Biodiversity, lcsh:Medicine, forêt tropicale, [SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy, 01 natural sciences, Coppicing, Tropical forest, Bosques amazónicos, K01 - Foresterie - Considérations générales, Seed Weight, lcsh:Science, SDG 15 - Life on Land, ddc:910, Multidisciplinary, Amazon rainforest, Ecology, Inventaire forestier, 3103 Ecology, 3007 Forestry Sciences, Edaphic, F70 - Taxonomie végétale et phytogéographie, Soil Biology, [SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, PE&RC, Biosystematiek, Amazonian forests, Monodominance, Sprout, Rhizobium, F40 - Écologie végétale, 30 Agricultural, Veterinary and Food Sciences, Life History Trait, Nodulation, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, Article, Mining, Life history theory, QH301, Écologie forestière, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, Amazonia, Forest ecology, Life Science, Forest, Bodembiologie, 13 Climate Action, lcsh:R, Tropics, DAS, Aquatische Ecologie en Waterkwaliteitsbeheer, Nonhuman, biodiversité forestière, Espèce dominante, Amazon Tree Diversity Network (ATDN), Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, Biosystematics, lcsh:Q, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Population végétale, 31 Biological Sciences, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

Made available in DSpace on 2020-12-12T01:40:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2019-12-01 Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) Tropical forests are known for their high diversity. Yet, forest patches do occur in the tropics where a single tree species is dominant. Such “monodominant” forests are known from all of the main tropical regions. For Amazonia, we sampled the occurrence of monodominance in a massive, basin-wide database of forest-inventory plots from the Amazon Tree Diversity Network (ATDN). Utilizing a simple defining metric of at least half of the trees ≥ 10 cm diameter belonging to one species, we found only a few occurrences of monodominance in Amazonia, and the phenomenon was not significantly linked to previously hypothesized life history traits such wood density, seed mass, ectomycorrhizal associations, or Rhizobium nodulation. In our analysis, coppicing (the formation of sprouts at the base of the tree or on roots) was the only trait significantly linked to monodominance. While at specific locales coppicing or ectomycorrhizal associations may confer a considerable advantage to a tree species and lead to its monodominance, very few species have these traits. Mining of the ATDN dataset suggests that monodominance is quite rare in Amazonia, and may be linked primarily to edaphic factors. Biodiversity Dynamics Naturalis Biodiversity Center, PO Box 9517 Systems Ecology Free University, De Boelelaan 1087 Department of Biological Sciences Humboldt State University, 1 Harpst Street Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso Department of Ecological Modelling Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstr. 15 Institute of Forest Growth and Computer Sciences Technische Universitaet Dresden, Postfach 1117 AMAP IRD CIRAD CNRS INRA Université de Montpellier, TA A-51/PS2, Bd. de la Lironde, A comprehensive Coordenação de Biodiversidade Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Av. André Araújo, 2936, Petrópolis Programa Professor Visitante Nacional Sênior na Amazônia - CAPES Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Av. Perimetral, s/n Coordenação de Botânica Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Av. Magalhães Barata 376, C.P. 399 EMBRAPA – Centro de Pesquisa Agroflorestal de Roraima, BR 174, km 8 – Distrito Industrial School of Geography University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane Grupo de Investigación en Biodiversidad Medio Ambiente y Salud-BIOMAS Universidad de las Américas, Campus Queri Keller Science Action Center The Field Museum, 1400S. Lake Shore Drive Departamento de Botânica Instituto de Pesquisas Científicas e Tecnológicas do Amapá - IEPA, Rodovia JK, Km 10, Campus do IEPA da Fazendinha Herbario Amazónico Colombiano Instituto SINCHI, Calle 20 No 5-44 Coordenação de Pesquisas em Ecologia Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Av. André Araújo, 2936, Petrópolis Dep. of Wetland Ecology Institute of Geography and Geoecology Karlsruhe Institute of Technology - KIT, Josefstr.1 Biogeochemistry Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Hahn-Meitner Weg 1 Naturalis Biodiversity Center, PO Box 9517 Coordenação de Dinâmica Ambiental Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Av. André Araújo, 2936, Petrópolis Science and Education The Field Museum, 1400S. Lake Shore Drive Jardín Botánico de Missouri Departamento de Ecologia Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP – Instituto de Biociências – IB, Av. 24A, 1515, Bela Vista Divisao de Sensoriamento Remoto – DSR Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais – INPE, Av. dos Astronautas, 1758, Jardim da Granja Herbario Vargas Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Avenida de la Cultura, Nro 733 Departamento de Geografia Universidade Estadual Paulista -UNESP – Instituto de Geociências e Ciências Extas – IGCE Bela Vista Centro de Biociências Departamento de Ecologia Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Av. Senador Salgado Filho, 3000 Departamento de Biologia Universidade Federal de Rondônia, Rodovia BR 364s/n Km 9,5 - Sentido Acre, Unir Programa de Pós- Graduação em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia PPG- Bionorte Universidade Federal de Rondônia, Campus Porto Velho Km 9,5 bairro Rural Department of Biology and Florida Museum of Natural History University of Florida Centre for Tropical Environmental and Sustainability Science and College of Science and Engineering James Cook University Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana (IIAP), Av. A. Quiñones km 2,5 Instituto Boliviano de Investigacion Forestal, Av. 6 de agosto #28, Km. 14, Doble via La Guardia, Casilla 6204 Geography College of Life and Environmental Sciences University of Exeter, Rennes Drive Departamento de Ciencias Forestales Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Calle 64 x Cra 65 Agteca-Amazonica Facultad de Ciencias Agrícolas Universidad Autónoma Gabriel René Moreno Natural History Museum University of Oslo, Postboks 1172 International Center for Tropical Botany (ICTB) Department of Biological Sciences Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th Street, OE 243 Cirad UMR Ecofog AgrosParisTech CNRS INRA Univ Guyane, Campus agronomique Centro de Investigaciones Ecológicas de Guayana Universidad Nacional Experimental de Guayana, Calle Chile, urbaniz Chilemex Prédio da Botânica e Ecologia Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia Parque Estação Biológica, Av. W5 Norte Projeto Dinâmica Biológica de Fragmentos Florestais Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Av. André Araújo, 2936, Petrópolis Laboratório de Ecologia de Doenças Transmissíveis da Amazônia (EDTA) Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane Fiocruz, Rua Terezina, 476, Adrianópolis Programa de Pós-graduação em Biodiversidade e Saúde Instituto Oswaldo Cruz - IOC/FIOCRUZ Pav. Arthur Neiva – Térreo, Av. Brasil, 4365 – Manguinhos Instituto de Ciências Biológicas Universidade Federal do Pará, Av. Augusto Corrêa 01 Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia Universidade Federal do Pará, Av. Augusto Corrêa 01 Embrapa Amazônia Oriental, Trav. Dr. Enéas Pinheiro s/no. Diretoria Técnico-Científica Instituto de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Mamirauá, Estrada do Bexiga, 2584 Programa de Ciencias del Agro y el Mar Herbario Universitario (PORT) UNELLEZ-Guanare Laboratorio de Ecología de Bosques Tropicales y Primatología Universidad de los Andes, Carrera 1 # 18a- 10 Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia (Botânica) Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Av. André Araújo, 2936, Petrópolis Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics University of Amsterdam, Sciencepark 904 Endangered Species Coalition, 8530 Geren Rd. Museo de Historia Natural Noel Kempff Mercado Universidad Autónoma Gabriel Rene Moreno, Avenida Irala 565 Casilla Post al 2489 Facultad de Ciencias Forestales y Ambientales Instituto de Investigaciones para el Desarrollo Forestal Universidad de los Andes, Via Chorros de Milla Inventory and Monitoring Program, National Park Service, 120 Chatham Lane Center for Conservation and Sustainability Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, 1100 Jefferson Dr. SW, Suite 3123 Universidade Federal do Amapá Ciências Ambientais, Rod. Juscelino Kubitschek km2 Department of Integrative Biology University of California Biologia Vegetal Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Caixa Postal 6109 Department of Global Ecology Carnegie Institution for Science, 260 Panama St. Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences University of Edinburgh, Mayfield Rd Tropical Diversity Section Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, 20a Inverleith Row Department of Ecology University of Brasilia Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Ambientais Universidade Federal do Pará, Rua Augusto Corrêa 01 Faculty of Natural Sciences Department of Life Sciences Imperial College London, Silwood Park, South Kensington Campus Ecosistemas Biodiversidad y Conservación de Especies Universidad Estatal Amazónica, Km. 2 1/2 vía a Tena (Paso Lateral) Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Instituto de Ciências Biológicas Departamento de Genética Ecologia e Evolução, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627 Pampulha Department of Biology University of Miami Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden Diretoria de Pesquisas Científicas Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro Instituto de Biociências - Dept. Ecologia Universidade de Sao Paulo - USP Rua do Matão, Trav. 14, no. 321, Cidade Universitária Lancaster Environment Centre Lancaster University Environmental Change Institute University of Oxford Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária Embrapa Amapá, Rod. Juscelino Kubitschek km 5 Grupo de Investigación en Tecnologías de la Información y Medio Ambiente Instituto Tecnológico de Antioquia - Institución Universitaria, Calle 78B No. 72A-220 Universidad Regional Amazónica IKIAM, Km 7 via Muyuna Escuela de Biología Herbario Alfredo Paredes Universidad Central, Ap. Postal 17.01.2177 Taxonomy and Systematics Naturalis Biodiversity Center, PO Box 9517 Museu Universitário/Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Natureza/Laboratório de Botânica e Ecologia Vegetal Universidade Federal do Acre Institute of Biological and Health Sciences Federal University of Alagoas, Av. Lourival Melo Mota, s/n, Tabuleiro do Martins Iwokrama International Centre for Rainforest Conservation New York Botanical Garden, 2900 Southern Blvd, Bronx School of Geosciences University of Edinburgh, 201 Crew Building, King’s Buildings Natural Capital and Plant Health Royal Botanic Gardens Kew Servicios de Biodiversidad EIRL, Jr. Independencia 405 Herbario Nacional de Bolivia Universitario UMSA, Casilla 10077 Correo Central Center for Conservation and Sustainable Development Missouri Botanical Garden, P.O. Box 299 Department for Identification & Naming Royal Botanic Gardens Kew Department of Forestry Management Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina, Avenido La Molina, Apdo. 456, La Molina School of Environmental Sciences University of East Anglia Biology Department and Center for Energy Environment and Sustainability Wake Forest University, 1834 Wake Forest Rd Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique CNRS and Université Paul Sabatier UMR 5174 EDB Andes to Amazon Biodiversity Program Department of Anthropology University of Texas at Austin, SAC 5.150, 2201 Speedway Stop C3200 Fundación Puerto Rastrojo, Cra 10 No. 24-76 Oficina 1201 Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales-COCIBA & Galapagos Institute for the Arts and Sciences-GAIAS Universidad San Francisco de Quito-USFQ Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation University of Florida, 110 Newins-Ziegler Hall Fundación Estación de Biología, Cra 10 No. 24-76 Oficina 1201 ICNHS Federal University of Mato Grosso, Av. Alexandre Ferronato 1200, Setor Industrial Direction régionale de la Guyane ONF PROTERRA Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana (IIAP), Av. A. Quiñones km 2,5 ACEER Foundation, Jirón Cusco No. 370 Amazon Conservation Team, Doekhieweg Oost #24 Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Environmental Change Institute Oxford University Centre for the Environment Dyson Perrins Building, South Parks Road Instituto de Ciencias Naturales Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Apartado 7945 Instituto de Ciência Agrárias Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Av. Presidente Tancredo Neves 2501 Escuela Profesional de Ingeniería Forestal Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Jirón San Martín 451 Universidad Autónoma del Beni José Ballivián, Campus Universitario Final, Av. Ejercito Laboratory of Human Ecology Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas - IVIC, Ado 20632 Cambridge University Botanic Garden 1 Brookside. School of Agriculture and Food Sciences - ARC Centre of Excellence for Environmental Decisions CEED The University of Queensland University of Campinas Plant Biology Department, Rua Monteiro Lobato, 255, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Barão Geraldo, Campinas Resource Ecology Group Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 3a, Lumen, building number 100 Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Av. Alberto Lamego 2000 Instituto de Investigaciones para el Desarrollo Forestal (INDEFOR) Universidad de los Andes Conjunto Forestal Departamento de Biologia Universidade Federal do Amazonas - UFAM – Instituto de Ciências Biológicas – ICB1, Av General Rodrigo Octavio 6200 GeoIS El Día 369y El Telégrafo 3° Piso Department of Biology University of Maryland University of Nottingham University Park School of Environmental and Forest Sciences University of Washington Environmental Science and Policy Northern Arizona University Geography and the Environment University of Texas at Austin, 305 E. 23rd Street, CLA building Medio Ambiente PLUSPRETOL The Mauritius Herbarium Agricultural Services Ministry of Agro-Industry and Food Security Department of Bioscience Aarhus University, Building 1540 Ny Munkegade, Aarhus C FOMABO Manejo Forestal en las Tierras Tropicales de Bolivia Escuela de Ciencias Forestales (ESFOR) Universidad Mayor de San Simon (UMSS) Tropenbos International, Lawickse Allee 11 PO Box 232 School of Anthropology and Conservation University of Kent, Marlowe Building Herbario Nacional del Ecuador Universidad Técnica del Norte Instituto de Biodiversidade e Floresta Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará, Rua Vera Paz, Campus Tapajós Facultad de Biologia Universidad Nacional de la Amazonia Peruana, Pevas 5ta cdra Department of Biology University of Missouri Departamento de Ecologia Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP – Instituto de Biociências – IB, Av. 24A, 1515, Bela Vista Departamento de Geografia Universidade Estadual Paulista -UNESP – Instituto de Geociências e Ciências Extas – IGCE Bela Vista

Published
2019

12. Evolutionary heritage influences Amazon tree ecology

Author

Coelho de Souza, Fernanda, Dexter, Kyle G., Phillips, Oliver L., Brienen, Roel J. W., Chave, Jerome, Galbraith, David R., Lopez Gonzalez, Gabriela, Monteagudo Mendoza, Abel, Pennington, R. Toby, Poorter, Lourens, Alexiades, Miguel, Andrade, Ana, Aragão, Luis E. O. C., Araujo-Murakami, Alejandro, Arets, Eric J. M. M., Aymard C, Gerardo A., Baraloto, Christopher, Barroso, Jorcely G., Bonal, Damien, Boot, Rene G. A., Camargo, José L. C., Comiskey, James A., Valverde, Fernando Cornejo, de Camargo, Plínio B., Di Fiore, Anthony, Elias, Fernando, Erwin, Terry L., Feldpausch, Ted R., Ferreira, Leandro, Fyllas, Nikolaos M., Gloor, Emanuel, Hérault, Bruno, Herrera, Rafael, Higuchi, Niro, Honorio Coronado, Eurídice N., Killeen, Timothy J., Laurance, William F., Laurance, Susan, Lloyd, Jon, Lovejoy, Thomas E., Malhi, Yadvinder, Maracahipes, Leandro, Marimon, Beatriz S., Marimon-Junior, Ben H., Mendoza, Casimiro, Morandi, Paulo, Neill, David A., Vargas, Percy Núñez, Oliveira, Edmar A., Lenza, Eddie, Palacios, Walter A., Peñuela-Mora, Maria C., Pipoly, John J., Pitman, Nigel C. A., Prieto, Adriana, Quesada, Carlos A., Ramirez-Angulo, Hirma, Rudas, Agustin, Ruokolainen, Kalle, Salomão, Rafael P., Silveira, Marcos, Stropp, Juliana, Ter Steege, Hans, Thomas-Caesar, Raquel, van der Hout, Peter, van der Heijden, Geertje M. F., van der Meer, Peter J., Vasquez, Rodolfo V., Vieira, Simone A., Vilanova, Emilio, Vos, Vincent A., Wang, Ophelia, Young, Kenneth R., Zagt, Roderick J., Baker, Timothy R., Chercheur indépendant, Ecologie et Ecophysiologie Forestières [devient SILVA en 2018] (EEF), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL)

Subjects
trait, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], phylogenetic signal, divergent selection, tropical tree, convergent evolution
Abstract

Lineages tend to retain ecological characteristics of their ancestors through time. However, for some traits, selection during evolutionary history may have also played a role in determining trait values. To address the relative importance of these processes requires large-scale quantification of traits and evolutionary relationships among species. The Amazonian tree flora comprises a high diversity of angiosperm lineages and species with widely differing life-history characteristics, providing an excellent system to investigate the combined influences of evolutionary heritage and selection in determining trait variation. We used trait data related to the major axes of life-history variation among tropical trees (e.g. growth and mortality rates) from 577 inventory plots in closed-canopy forest, mapped onto a phylogenetic hypothesis spanning more than 300 genera including all major angiosperm clades to test for evolutionary constraints on traits. We found significant phylogenetic signal (PS) for all traits, consistent with evolutionarily related genera having more similar characteristics than expected by chance. Although there is also evidence for repeated evolution of pioneer and shade tolerant life-history strategies within independent lineages, the existence of significant PS allows clearer predictions of the links between evolutionary diversity, ecosystem function and the response of tropical forests to global change.

Published
2016

13. Supporting reults from Evolutionary heritage influences Amazon tree ecology

Author

Souza, Fernanda Coelho De, Dexter, Kyle G., Phillips, Oliver L., Brienen, Roel J. W., Chave, Jerome, Galbraith, David R., Lopez-Gonzalez, Gabriela, Monteagudo-Mendoza, Abel, R. Toby Pennington, Poorter, Lourens, Alexiades, Miguel, Álvarez-Dávila, Esteban, Andrade, Ana, Aragão, Luis E. O. C., Araujo-Murakami, Alejandro, Arets, Eric J. M. M., Gerardo A. Aymard, C., Baraloto, Christopher, Jorcely Barroso, Bonal, Damien, Boot, Rene G. A., Camargo, José L. C., Comiskey, James A., Valverde, Fernando Cornejo, Camargo, Plínio B. De, Fiore, Anthony Di, Elias, Fernando, Erwin, Terry L., Feldpausch, Ted R., Ferreira, Leandro, Fyllas, Nikolaos M., Gloor, Emanuel, Herault, Bruno, Herrera, Rafael, Niro Higuchi, Eurídice N. Honorio Coronado, Killeen, Timothy J., Laurance, William F., Laurance, Susan, Lloyd, Jon, Lovejoy, Thomas E., Yadvinder Malhi, Maracahipes, Leandro, Marimon, Beatriz S., Marimon-Junior, Ben H., Mendoza, Casimiro, Morandi, Paulo, Neill, David A., Vargas, Percy Núñez, Oliveira, Edmar A., Oliveira, Eddie L., Palacios, Walter A., Peñuela-Mora, Maria C., Pipoly, John J., Pitman, Nigel C. A., Prieto, Adriana, Quesada, Carlos A., Hirma Ramirez-Angulo, Rudas, Agustin, Ruokolainen, Kalle, Salomão, Rafael P., Silveira, Marcos, Stropp, Juliana, Steege, Hans Ter, Thomas-Caesar, Raquel, Hout, Peter Van Der, Heijden, Geertje M. F. Van Der, Meer, Peter J. Van Der, Vasquez, Rodolfo V., Vieira, Simone A., Vilanova, Emilio, Vos, Vincent A., Wang, Ophelia, Young, Kenneth R., Zagt, Roderick J., and Baker, Timothy R.

Abstract

Model comparison; Loadings for Phylogenetic Principal Componets Analysis (PPCA); Sensitivity analyses

Published
2016
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14. List of plot data used in the present study from Evolutionary heritage influences Amazon tree ecology

Author

Souza, Fernanda Coelho De, Dexter, Kyle G., Phillips, Oliver L., Brienen, Roel J. W., Chave, Jerome, Galbraith, David R., Lopez-Gonzalez, Gabriela, Monteagudo-Mendoza, Abel, R. Toby Pennington, Poorter, Lourens, Alexiades, Miguel, Álvarez-Dávila, Esteban, Andrade, Ana, Aragão, Luis E. O. C., Araujo-Murakami, Alejandro, Arets, Eric J. M. M., Gerardo A. Aymard, C., Baraloto, Christopher, Jorcely Barroso, Bonal, Damien, Boot, Rene G. A., Camargo, José L. C., Comiskey, James A., Valverde, Fernando Cornejo, Camargo, Plínio B. De, Fiore, Anthony Di, Elias, Fernando, Erwin, Terry L., Feldpausch, Ted R., Ferreira, Leandro, Fyllas, Nikolaos M., Gloor, Emanuel, Herault, Bruno, Herrera, Rafael, Niro Higuchi, Eurídice N. Honorio Coronado, Killeen, Timothy J., Laurance, William F., Laurance, Susan, Lloyd, Jon, Lovejoy, Thomas E., Yadvinder Malhi, Maracahipes, Leandro, Marimon, Beatriz S., Marimon-Junior, Ben H., Mendoza, Casimiro, Morandi, Paulo, Neill, David A., Vargas, Percy Núñez, Oliveira, Edmar A., Oliveira, Eddie L., Palacios, Walter A., Peñuela-Mora, Maria C., Pipoly, John J., Pitman, Nigel C. A., Prieto, Adriana, Quesada, Carlos A., Hirma Ramirez-Angulo, Rudas, Agustin, Ruokolainen, Kalle, Salomão, Rafael P., Silveira, Marcos, Stropp, Juliana, Steege, Hans Ter, Thomas-Caesar, Raquel, Hout, Peter Van Der, Heijden, Geertje M. F. Van Der, Meer, Peter J. Van Der, Vasquez, Rodolfo V., Vieira, Simone A., Vilanova, Emilio, Vos, Vincent A., Wang, Ophelia, Young, Kenneth R., Zagt, Roderick J., and Baker, Timothy R.

Abstract

List of plots encompassing the Floristic tree inventories for 577 plots compiled from RAINFOR database, with their respective coordinates in Latitude (Lat.) and Longitude (Long.) , area in hectare, number of individuals with diameter equal or superior to 10 cm, number of species, number of genera and data contributors. Plots with long term data and minimum of 2 years census interval (257) are assigned.

Published
2016
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15. Variation in stem mortality rates determines patterns of above-ground biomass in Amazonian forests: implications for dynamic global vegetation models

Author

Johnson, Michelle O., Galbraith, David, Gloor, Manuel, De Deurwaerder, Hannes, Guimberteau, Matthieu, Rammig, Anja, Thonicke, Kirsten, Verbeeck, Hans, Von Randow, Celso, Monteagudo, Abel, Phillips, Oliver L., Brienen, Roel J.W., Feldpausch, Ted R., Lopez Gonzalez, Gabriela, Fauset, Sophie, Quesada, Carlos A., Christoffersen, Bradley, Ciais, Philippe, Sampaio, Gilvan, Kruijt, Bart, Meir, Patrick, Moorcroft, Paul, Zhang, Ke, Alvarez-Davila, Esteban, Alves De Oliveira, Atila, Amaral, Ieda, Andrade, Ana, Aragao, Luiz E.O.C., Araujo-Murakami, Alejandro, Arets, Eric J.M.M., Arroyo, Luzmila, Aymard, Gerardo A., Baraloto, Christopher, Barroso, Jocely, Bonal, Damien, Boot, Rene, Camargo, Jose, Chave, Jerome, Cogollo, Alvaro, Cornejo Valverde, Fernando, Lola Da Costa, Antonio C., Di Fiore, Anthony, Ferreira, Leandro, Higuchi, Niro, Honorio, Euridice N., Killeen, Tim J., Laurance, Susan G., Laurance, William F., Licona, Juan, Lovejoy, Thomas, Malhi, Yadvinder, Marimon, Bia, Marimon, Ben Hur, Matos, Darley C.L., Mendoza, Casimiro, Neill, David A., Pardo, Guido, Peña-Claros, Marielos, Pitman, Nigel C.A., Poorter, Lourens, Prieto, Adriana, Ramirez-Angulo, Hirma, Roopsind, Anand, Rudas, Agustin, Salomao, Rafael P., Silveira, Marcos, Stropp, Juliana, Ter Steege, Hans, Terborgh, John, Thomas, Raquel, Toledo, Marisol, Torres-Lezama, Armando, van der Heijden, Geertje M.F., Vasquez, Rodolfo, Guimarães Vieira, Ima Cèlia, Vilanova, Emilio, Vos, Vincent A., Baker, Timothy R., Johnson, Michelle O., Galbraith, David, Gloor, Manuel, De Deurwaerder, Hannes, Guimberteau, Matthieu, Rammig, Anja, Thonicke, Kirsten, Verbeeck, Hans, Von Randow, Celso, Monteagudo, Abel, Phillips, Oliver L., Brienen, Roel J.W., Feldpausch, Ted R., Lopez Gonzalez, Gabriela, Fauset, Sophie, Quesada, Carlos A., Christoffersen, Bradley, Ciais, Philippe, Sampaio, Gilvan, Kruijt, Bart, Meir, Patrick, Moorcroft, Paul, Zhang, Ke, Alvarez-Davila, Esteban, Alves De Oliveira, Atila, Amaral, Ieda, Andrade, Ana, Aragao, Luiz E.O.C., Araujo-Murakami, Alejandro, Arets, Eric J.M.M., Arroyo, Luzmila, Aymard, Gerardo A., Baraloto, Christopher, Barroso, Jocely, Bonal, Damien, Boot, Rene, Camargo, Jose, Chave, Jerome, Cogollo, Alvaro, Cornejo Valverde, Fernando, Lola Da Costa, Antonio C., Di Fiore, Anthony, Ferreira, Leandro, Higuchi, Niro, Honorio, Euridice N., Killeen, Tim J., Laurance, Susan G., Laurance, William F., Licona, Juan, Lovejoy, Thomas, Malhi, Yadvinder, Marimon, Bia, Marimon, Ben Hur, Matos, Darley C.L., Mendoza, Casimiro, Neill, David A., Pardo, Guido, Peña-Claros, Marielos, Pitman, Nigel C.A., Poorter, Lourens, Prieto, Adriana, Ramirez-Angulo, Hirma, Roopsind, Anand, Rudas, Agustin, Salomao, Rafael P., Silveira, Marcos, Stropp, Juliana, Ter Steege, Hans, Terborgh, John, Thomas, Raquel, Toledo, Marisol, Torres-Lezama, Armando, van der Heijden, Geertje M.F., Vasquez, Rodolfo, Guimarães Vieira, Ima Cèlia, Vilanova, Emilio, Vos, Vincent A., and Baker, Timothy R.

Abstract

Understanding the processes that determine aboveground biomass (AGB) in Amazonian forests is important for predicting the sensitivity of these ecosystems to environmental change and for designing and evaluating dynamic global vegetation models (DGVMs). AGB is determined by inputs from woody productivity (woody NPP) and the rate at which carbon is lost through tree mortality. Here, we test whether two direct metrics of tree mortality (the absolute rate of woody biomass loss and the rate of stem mortality) and/or woody NPP, control variation in AGB among 167 plots in intact forest across Amazonia. We then compare these relationships and the observed variation in AGB and woody NPP with the predictions of four DGVMs. The observations show that stem mortality rates, rather than absolute rates of woody biomass loss, are the most important predictor of AGB, which is consistent with the importance of stand size-structure for determining spatial variation in AGB. The relationship between stem mortality rates and AGB varies among different regions of Amazonia, indicating that variation in wood density and height/diameter relationships also influence AGB. In contrast to previous findings, we find that woody NPP is not correlated with stem mortality rates, and is weakly positively correlated with AGB. Across the four models, basin-wide average AGB is similar to the mean of the observations. However, the models consistently overestimate woody NPP, and poorly represent the spatial patterns of both AGB and woody NPP estimated using plot data. In marked contrast to the observations, DGVMs typically show strong positive relationships between woody NPP and AGB. Resolving these differences will require incorporating forest size structure, mechanistic models of stem mortality and variation in functional composition in DGVMs

Published
2016

16. Markedly divergent estimates of Amazon forest carbon density from ground plots and satellites:Divergent forest carbon maps from plots & space

Author

Mitchard, Edward T. A., Feldpausch, Ted R., Brienen, Roel J. W., Lopez-gonzalez, Gabriela, Monteagudo, Abel, Baker, Timothy R., Lewis, Simon L., Lloyd, Jon, Quesada, Carlos A., Gloor, Manuel, Ter Steege, Hans, Meir, Patrick, Alvarez, Esteban, Araujo-murakami, Alejandro, Arag??o, Luiz E. O. C., Arroyo, Luzmila, Aymard, Gerardo, Banki, Olaf, Bonal, Damien, Brown, Sandra, Brown, Foster I., Ceron, Carlos E., Chama Moscoso, Victor, Chave, Jerome, Comiskey, James A., Cornejo, Fernando, Corrales Medina, Massiel, Da Costa, Lola, Costa, Flavia R. C., Di Fiore, Anthony, Domingues, Tomas F., Erwin, Terry L., Frederickson, Todd, Higuchi, Niro, Honorio Coronado, Euridice N., Killeen, Tim J., Laurance, William F., Levis, Carolina, Magnusson, William E., Marimon, Beatriz S., Marimon Junior, Ben Hur, Mendoza Polo, Irina, Mishra, Piyush, Nascimento, Marcelo T., Neill, David, Nunez Vargas, Mario P., Palacios, Walter A., Parada, Alexander, Pardo Molina, Guido, Pena-claros, Marielos, Pitman, Nigel, Peres, Carlos A., Poorter, Lourens, Prieto, Adriana, Ramirez-angulo, Hirma, Restrepo Correa, Zorayda, Roopsind, Anand, Roucoux, Katherine H., Rudas, Agustin, Salomao, Rafael P., Schietti, Juliana, Silveira, Marcos, De Souza, Priscila F., Steininger, Marc K., Stropp, Juliana, Terborgh, John, Thomas, Raquel, Toledo, Marisol, Torres-lezama, Armando, Van Andel, Tinde R., Van Der Heijden, Geertje M. F., Vieira, Ima C. G., Vieira, Simone, Vilanova-torre, Emilio, Vos, Vincent A., Wang, Ophelia, Zartman, Charles E., Malhi, Yadvinder, and Phillips, Oliver L.

Abstract

AimThe accurate mapping of forest carbon stocks is essential for understanding the global carbon cycle, for assessing emissions from deforestation, and for rational land-use planning. Remote sensing (RS) is currently the key tool for this purpose, but RS does not estimate vegetation biomass directly, and thus may miss significant spatial variations in forest structure. We test the stated accuracy of pantropical carbon maps using a large independent field dataset.LocationTropical forests of the Amazon basin. The permanent archive of the field plot data can be accessed at: http://dx.doi.org/10.5521/FORESTPLOTS.NET/2014_1MethodsTwo recent pantropical RS maps of vegetation carbon are compared to a unique ground-plot dataset, involving tree measurements in 413 large inventory plots located in nine countries. The RS maps were compared directly to field plots, and kriging of the field data was used to allow area-based comparisons.ResultsThe two RS carbon maps fail to capture the main gradient in Amazon forest carbon detected using 413 ground plots, from the densely wooded tall forests of the north-east, to the light-wooded, shorter forests of the south-west. The differences between plots and RS maps far exceed the uncertainties given in these studies, with whole regions over- or under-estimated by > 25%, whereas regional uncertainties for the maps were reported to be Main conclusionsPantropical biomass maps are widely used by governments and by projects aiming to reduce deforestation using carbon offsets, but may have significant regional biases. Carbon-mapping techniques must be revised to account for the known ecological variation in tree wood density and allometry to create maps suitable for carbon accounting. The use of single relationships between tree canopy height and above-ground biomass inevitably yields large, spatially correlated errors. This presents a significant challenge to both the forest conservation and remote sensing communities, because neither wood density nor species assemblages can be reliably mapped from space.

Published
2014

17. Variation in stem mortality rates determines patterns of above‐ground biomass in A mazonian forests: implications for dynamic global vegetation models

Author

Johnson, Michelle O., primary, Galbraith, David, additional, Gloor, Manuel, additional, De Deurwaerder, Hannes, additional, Guimberteau, Matthieu, additional, Rammig, Anja, additional, Thonicke, Kirsten, additional, Verbeeck, Hans, additional, Randow, Celso, additional, Monteagudo, Abel, additional, Phillips, Oliver L., additional, Brienen, Roel J. W., additional, Feldpausch, Ted R., additional, Lopez Gonzalez, Gabriela, additional, Fauset, Sophie, additional, Quesada, Carlos A., additional, Christoffersen, Bradley, additional, Ciais, Philippe, additional, Sampaio, Gilvan, additional, Kruijt, Bart, additional, Meir, Patrick, additional, Moorcroft, Paul, additional, Zhang, Ke, additional, Alvarez‐Davila, Esteban, additional, Alves de Oliveira, Atila, additional, Amaral, Ieda, additional, Andrade, Ana, additional, Aragao, Luiz E. O. C., additional, Araujo‐Murakami, Alejandro, additional, Arets, Eric J. M. M., additional, Arroyo, Luzmila, additional, Aymard, Gerardo A., additional, Baraloto, Christopher, additional, Barroso, Jocely, additional, Bonal, Damien, additional, Boot, Rene, additional, Camargo, Jose, additional, Chave, Jerome, additional, Cogollo, Alvaro, additional, Cornejo Valverde, Fernando, additional, Lola da Costa, Antonio C., additional, Di Fiore, Anthony, additional, Ferreira, Leandro, additional, Higuchi, Niro, additional, Honorio, Euridice N., additional, Killeen, Tim J., additional, Laurance, Susan G., additional, Laurance, William F., additional, Licona, Juan, additional, Lovejoy, Thomas, additional, Malhi, Yadvinder, additional, Marimon, Bia, additional, Marimon, Ben Hur, additional, Matos, Darley C. L., additional, Mendoza, Casimiro, additional, Neill, David A., additional, Pardo, Guido, additional, Peña‐Claros, Marielos, additional, Pitman, Nigel C. A., additional, Poorter, Lourens, additional, Prieto, Adriana, additional, Ramirez‐Angulo, Hirma, additional, Roopsind, Anand, additional, Rudas, Agustin, additional, Salomao, Rafael P., additional, Silveira, Marcos, additional, Stropp, Juliana, additional, Steege, Hans, additional, Terborgh, John, additional, Thomas, Raquel, additional, Toledo, Marisol, additional, Torres‐Lezama, Armando, additional, Heijden, Geertje M. F., additional, Vasquez, Rodolfo, additional, Guimarães Vieira, Ima Cèlia, additional, Vilanova, Emilio, additional, Vos, Vincent A., additional, and Baker, Timothy R., additional

Published
2016
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18. Hyperdominance in Amazonian forest carbon cycling

Author

Fauset, Sophie, Johnson, Michelle O., Gloor, Emanuel, Baker, Timothy R., Monteagudo, Abel, Brienen, Roel Jacobus Wilhelmus, Feldpausch, Ted R., Lopez-Gonzalez, Gabriela, Malhi, Yadvinder, Ter Steege, Hans, Pitman, Nigel C. A., Baraloto, Christopher, Engel, Julien, Petronelli, Pascal, Andrade, Ana, Camargo, Jose Luis C., Laurance, Susan G.W., Laurance, William F., Chave, Jérôme, Allie, Elodie, Nuñez Vargas, Percy, Terborgh, John, Ruokolainen, Kalle, Silveira, Marcos, Aymard, Gerardo A., Arroyo, Luzmila, Bonal, Damien, Ramirez-Angulo, Hirma, Araujo-Murakami, Alejandro, Neill, David, Hérault, Bruno, Dourdain, Aurélie, Torres-Lezama, Armando, Marimon, Beatriz S., Salomão, Rafael P., Comiskey, James A., Rejou-Mechain, Maxime, Toledo, Marisol, Licona, Juan Carlos, Alarcón, Alfredo, Prieto, Adriana, Rudas, Agustin, van der Meer, Peter J., Killeen, Timothy J., Marimon, Ben Hur Junior, Poorter, Lourens, Boot, R.G.A., Stergios, Basil, Vilanova, Emilio, Costa, Flávia R.C, Levis, Caroline, Schietti, Juliana, Souza, Priscila, Groot, N., Arets, Eric J. M. M., Chama Moscoso, Victor, Castro, Wendeson, Honorio Coronado, Eurídice N., Peña-Claros, Marielos, Stahl, Clément, Barroso, Jorcely, Talbot, Joey, Guimarães Vieira, Ima Célia, Van Der Heijden, Geertje, Thomas, R., Vos, Vincent, Almeida, E.C., Alvarez Davila, Esteban, Aragao, Luiz E.O.C., Erwin, Terry, Morandi, Paulo, Almeida de Oliveira, Edmar, Valadaõ, Marco B.X., Zagt, Roderick, van der Hout, Peter, Alvarez Loayza, Patricia, Pipoly, John, Wang, Ophelia, Alexiades, Miguel N., Cerón, Carlos, Huamantupa-Chuquimaco, Isau, Di Fiore, Anthony, Peacock, Julie, Pallqui Camacho, Nadir C., Umetsu, Ricardo Keichi, Barbosa de Camargo, Plínio, Burnham, Robyn J., Herrera, Rafael, Quesada, Carlos Alberto, Stropp, Juliana, Vieira, Simone Aparecida, Steininger, Marc, Reynel Rodriguez, Carlos, Restrepo, Z., Esquivel Muelbert, Adriane, Lewis, Simon L., Pickavance, Georgia C., Phillips, Oliver L., Fauset, Sophie, Johnson, Michelle O., Gloor, Emanuel, Baker, Timothy R., Monteagudo, Abel, Brienen, Roel Jacobus Wilhelmus, Feldpausch, Ted R., Lopez-Gonzalez, Gabriela, Malhi, Yadvinder, Ter Steege, Hans, Pitman, Nigel C. A., Baraloto, Christopher, Engel, Julien, Petronelli, Pascal, Andrade, Ana, Camargo, Jose Luis C., Laurance, Susan G.W., Laurance, William F., Chave, Jérôme, Allie, Elodie, Nuñez Vargas, Percy, Terborgh, John, Ruokolainen, Kalle, Silveira, Marcos, Aymard, Gerardo A., Arroyo, Luzmila, Bonal, Damien, Ramirez-Angulo, Hirma, Araujo-Murakami, Alejandro, Neill, David, Hérault, Bruno, Dourdain, Aurélie, Torres-Lezama, Armando, Marimon, Beatriz S., Salomão, Rafael P., Comiskey, James A., Rejou-Mechain, Maxime, Toledo, Marisol, Licona, Juan Carlos, Alarcón, Alfredo, Prieto, Adriana, Rudas, Agustin, van der Meer, Peter J., Killeen, Timothy J., Marimon, Ben Hur Junior, Poorter, Lourens, Boot, R.G.A., Stergios, Basil, Vilanova, Emilio, Costa, Flávia R.C, Levis, Caroline, Schietti, Juliana, Souza, Priscila, Groot, N., Arets, Eric J. M. M., Chama Moscoso, Victor, Castro, Wendeson, Honorio Coronado, Eurídice N., Peña-Claros, Marielos, Stahl, Clément, Barroso, Jorcely, Talbot, Joey, Guimarães Vieira, Ima Célia, Van Der Heijden, Geertje, Thomas, R., Vos, Vincent, Almeida, E.C., Alvarez Davila, Esteban, Aragao, Luiz E.O.C., Erwin, Terry, Morandi, Paulo, Almeida de Oliveira, Edmar, Valadaõ, Marco B.X., Zagt, Roderick, van der Hout, Peter, Alvarez Loayza, Patricia, Pipoly, John, Wang, Ophelia, Alexiades, Miguel N., Cerón, Carlos, Huamantupa-Chuquimaco, Isau, Di Fiore, Anthony, Peacock, Julie, Pallqui Camacho, Nadir C., Umetsu, Ricardo Keichi, Barbosa de Camargo, Plínio, Burnham, Robyn J., Herrera, Rafael, Quesada, Carlos Alberto, Stropp, Juliana, Vieira, Simone Aparecida, Steininger, Marc, Reynel Rodriguez, Carlos, Restrepo, Z., Esquivel Muelbert, Adriane, Lewis, Simon L., Pickavance, Georgia C., and Phillips, Oliver L.

Abstract

While Amazonian forests are extraordinarily diverse, the abundance of trees is skewed strongly towards relatively few 'hyperdominant' species. In addition to their diversity, Amazonian trees are a key component of the global carbon cycle, assimilating and storing more carbon than any other ecosystem on Earth. Here we ask, using a unique data set of 530 forest plots, if the functions of storing and producing woody carbon are concentrated in a small number of tree species, whether the most abundant species also dominate carbon cycling, and whether dominant species are characterized by specific functional traits. We find that dominance of forest function is even more concentrated in a few species than is dominance of tree abundance, with only ≈1% of Amazon tree species responsible for 50% of carbon storage and productivity. Although those species that contribute most to biomass and productivity are often abundant, species maximum size is also influential, while the identity and ranking of dominant species varies by function and by region.

Published
2015

19. Fast demographic traits promote high diversification rates of Amazonian trees

Author

Sub Ecology and Biodiversity, Ecology and Biodiversity, Baker, Timothy R, Pennington, R Toby, Magallon, Susana, Gloor, Emanuel, Laurance, William F, Alexiades, Miguel, Alvarez, Esteban, Araujo, Alejandro, Arets, Eric J M M, Aymard, Gerardo, de Oliveira, Atila Alves, Amaral, Iêda, Arroyo, Luzmila, Bonal, Damien, Brienen, Roel J W, Chave, Jerome, Dexter, Kyle G, Di Fiore, Anthony, Eler, Eduardo, Feldpausch, Ted R, Ferreira, Leandro, Lopez-Gonzalez, Gabriela, van der Heijden, Geertje, Higuchi, Niro, Honorio, Eurídice, Huamantupa, Isau, Killeen, Tim J, Laurance, Susan, Leaño, Claudio, Lewis, Simon L, Malhi, Yadvinder, Marimon, Beatriz Schwantes, Marimon Junior, Ben Hur, Monteagudo Mendoza, Abel, Neill, David, Peñuela-Mora, Maria Cristina, Pitman, Nigel, Prieto, Adriana, Quesada, Carlos A, Ramírez, Fredy, Ramírez Angulo, Hirma, Rudas, Agustin, Ruschel, Ademir R, Salomão, Rafael P, de Andrade, Ana Segalin, Silva, J Natalino M, Silveira, Marcos, Simon, Marcelo F, Spironello, Wilson, ter Steege, Hans, Terborgh, John, Toledo, Marisol, Torres-Lezama, Armando, Vasquez, Rodolfo, Vieira, Ima Célia Guimarães, Vilanova, Emilio, Vos, Vincent A, Phillips, Oliver L, Santos, F., Sub Ecology and Biodiversity, Ecology and Biodiversity, Baker, Timothy R, Pennington, R Toby, Magallon, Susana, Gloor, Emanuel, Laurance, William F, Alexiades, Miguel, Alvarez, Esteban, Araujo, Alejandro, Arets, Eric J M M, Aymard, Gerardo, de Oliveira, Atila Alves, Amaral, Iêda, Arroyo, Luzmila, Bonal, Damien, Brienen, Roel J W, Chave, Jerome, Dexter, Kyle G, Di Fiore, Anthony, Eler, Eduardo, Feldpausch, Ted R, Ferreira, Leandro, Lopez-Gonzalez, Gabriela, van der Heijden, Geertje, Higuchi, Niro, Honorio, Eurídice, Huamantupa, Isau, Killeen, Tim J, Laurance, Susan, Leaño, Claudio, Lewis, Simon L, Malhi, Yadvinder, Marimon, Beatriz Schwantes, Marimon Junior, Ben Hur, Monteagudo Mendoza, Abel, Neill, David, Peñuela-Mora, Maria Cristina, Pitman, Nigel, Prieto, Adriana, Quesada, Carlos A, Ramírez, Fredy, Ramírez Angulo, Hirma, Rudas, Agustin, Ruschel, Ademir R, Salomão, Rafael P, de Andrade, Ana Segalin, Silva, J Natalino M, Silveira, Marcos, Simon, Marcelo F, Spironello, Wilson, ter Steege, Hans, Terborgh, John, Toledo, Marisol, Torres-Lezama, Armando, Vasquez, Rodolfo, Vieira, Ima Célia Guimarães, Vilanova, Emilio, Vos, Vincent A, Phillips, Oliver L, and Santos, F.

Published
2014

20. Markedly divergent estimates of Amazon forest carbon density from ground plots and satellites

Author

Sub Ecology and Biodiversity, Ecology and Biodiversity, Mitchard, Edward T. A., Feldpausch, Ted R., Brienen, Roel J. W., Lopez-Gonzalez, Gabriela, Monteagudo, Abel, Baker, Timothy R., Lewis, Simon L., Lloyd, Jon, Quesada, Carlos A., Gloor, Manuel, ter Steege, Hans, Meir, Patrick, Alvarez, Esteban, Araujo-Murakami, Alejandro, Aragao, Luiz E. O. C., Arroyo, Luzmila, Aymard, Gerardo, Banki, Olaf, Bonal, Damien, Brown, Sandra, Brown, Foster I., Ceron, Carlos E., Chama Moscoso, Victor, Chave, Jerome, Comiskey, James A., Cornejo, Fernando, Corrales Medina, Massiel, Da Costa, Lola, Costa, Flavia R. C., Di Fiore, Anthony, Domingues, Tomas F., Erwin, Terry L., Frederickson, Todd, Higuchi, Niro, Honorio Coronado, Euridice N., Levis, Carolina, Killeen, Tim J., Laurance, William F., Magnusson, William E., Marimon, Beatriz S., Marimon Junior, Ben Hur, Mendoza Polo, Irina, Mishra, Piyush, Nascimento, Marcelo T., Neill, David, Nunez Vargas, Mario P., Palacios, Walter A., Parada, Alexander, Pardo Molina, Guido, Pena-Claros, Marielos, Pitman, Nigel, Peres, Carlos A., Prieto, Adriana, Poorter, Lourens, Ramirez-Angulo, Hirma, Restrepo Correa, Zorayda, Roopsind, Anand, Roucoux, Katherine H., Rudas, Agustin, Salomao, Rafael P., Schietti, Juliana, Silveira, Marcos, de Souza, Priscila F., Steininger, Marc K., Stropp, Juliana, Terborgh, John, Thomas, Raquel, Toledo, Marisol, Torres-Lezama, Armando, van Andel, Tinde R., van der Heijden, Geertje M. F., Vieira, Ima C. G., Vieira, Simone, Vilanova-Torre, Emilio, Vos, Vincent A., Wang, Ophelia, Zartman, Charles E., Malhi, Yadvinder, Phillips, Oliver L., Cruz, A.P., Cuenca, W.P., Espejo, J.E., Ferreira, L., Germaine, A., Penuela, M.C., Silva, N., Valenzuela Gamarra, L., Sub Ecology and Biodiversity, Ecology and Biodiversity, Mitchard, Edward T. A., Feldpausch, Ted R., Brienen, Roel J. W., Lopez-Gonzalez, Gabriela, Monteagudo, Abel, Baker, Timothy R., Lewis, Simon L., Lloyd, Jon, Quesada, Carlos A., Gloor, Manuel, ter Steege, Hans, Meir, Patrick, Alvarez, Esteban, Araujo-Murakami, Alejandro, Aragao, Luiz E. O. C., Arroyo, Luzmila, Aymard, Gerardo, Banki, Olaf, Bonal, Damien, Brown, Sandra, Brown, Foster I., Ceron, Carlos E., Chama Moscoso, Victor, Chave, Jerome, Comiskey, James A., Cornejo, Fernando, Corrales Medina, Massiel, Da Costa, Lola, Costa, Flavia R. C., Di Fiore, Anthony, Domingues, Tomas F., Erwin, Terry L., Frederickson, Todd, Higuchi, Niro, Honorio Coronado, Euridice N., Levis, Carolina, Killeen, Tim J., Laurance, William F., Magnusson, William E., Marimon, Beatriz S., Marimon Junior, Ben Hur, Mendoza Polo, Irina, Mishra, Piyush, Nascimento, Marcelo T., Neill, David, Nunez Vargas, Mario P., Palacios, Walter A., Parada, Alexander, Pardo Molina, Guido, Pena-Claros, Marielos, Pitman, Nigel, Peres, Carlos A., Prieto, Adriana, Poorter, Lourens, Ramirez-Angulo, Hirma, Restrepo Correa, Zorayda, Roopsind, Anand, Roucoux, Katherine H., Rudas, Agustin, Salomao, Rafael P., Schietti, Juliana, Silveira, Marcos, de Souza, Priscila F., Steininger, Marc K., Stropp, Juliana, Terborgh, John, Thomas, Raquel, Toledo, Marisol, Torres-Lezama, Armando, van Andel, Tinde R., van der Heijden, Geertje M. F., Vieira, Ima C. G., Vieira, Simone, Vilanova-Torre, Emilio, Vos, Vincent A., Wang, Ophelia, Zartman, Charles E., Malhi, Yadvinder, Phillips, Oliver L., Cruz, A.P., Cuenca, W.P., Espejo, J.E., Ferreira, L., Germaine, A., Penuela, M.C., Silva, N., and Valenzuela Gamarra, L.

Published
2014

21. Fast demographic traits promote high diversification rates of Amazonian trees

Author

Baker, Timothy R., primary, Pennington, R. Toby, additional, Magallon, Susana, additional, Gloor, Emanuel, additional, Laurance, William F., additional, Alexiades, Miguel, additional, Alvarez, Esteban, additional, Araujo, Alejandro, additional, Arets, Eric J. M. M., additional, Aymard, Gerardo, additional, de Oliveira, Atila Alves, additional, Amaral, Iêda, additional, Arroyo, Luzmila, additional, Bonal, Damien, additional, Brienen, Roel J. W., additional, Chave, Jerome, additional, Dexter, Kyle G., additional, Di Fiore, Anthony, additional, Eler, Eduardo, additional, Feldpausch, Ted R., additional, Ferreira, Leandro, additional, Lopez-Gonzalez, Gabriela, additional, van der Heijden, Geertje, additional, Higuchi, Niro, additional, Honorio, Eurídice, additional, Huamantupa, Isau, additional, Killeen, Tim J., additional, Laurance, Susan, additional, Leaño, Claudio, additional, Lewis, Simon L., additional, Malhi, Yadvinder, additional, Marimon, Beatriz Schwantes, additional, Marimon Junior, Ben Hur, additional, Monteagudo Mendoza, Abel, additional, Neill, David, additional, Peñuela-Mora, Maria Cristina, additional, Pitman, Nigel, additional, Prieto, Adriana, additional, Quesada, Carlos A., additional, Ramírez, Fredy, additional, Ramírez Angulo, Hirma, additional, Rudas, Agustin, additional, Ruschel, Ademir R., additional, Salomão, Rafael P., additional, de Andrade, Ana Segalin, additional, Silva, J. Natalino M., additional, Silveira, Marcos, additional, Simon, Marcelo F., additional, Spironello, Wilson, additional, Steege, Hans ter, additional, Terborgh, John, additional, Toledo, Marisol, additional, Torres-Lezama, Armando, additional, Vasquez, Rodolfo, additional, Vieira, Ima Célia Guimarães, additional, Vilanova, Emilio, additional, Vos, Vincent A., additional, and Phillips, Oliver L., additional

Published
2014
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22. Estimating the global conservation status of more than 15,000 Amazonian tree species

Author

ter Steege, Hans, Pitman, Nigel C.A., Killeen, Timothy J., Laurance, William F., Peres, Carlos A., Guevara, Juan Ernesto, Castilho, Carolina V., Amaral, Ieda, de Souza Coelho, Luiz, Magnusson, William E., Phillips, Oliver L., de Andrade Lima Filho, Diogenes, de Jesus Veiga Carim, Marcelo, Martins, Maria Pires, Sabatier, Daniel, Wittmann, Florian, Mendoza, Abel Monteagudo, Manzatto, Angelo Gilberto, Reis, Neidiane Farias Costa, Terborgh, John, Casula, Karia Regina, Montero, Juan Carlos, Feldpausch, Ted R., Montoya, A.J.D., Zartman, Charles Eugene, Mostacedo, Bonifacio, Vasquez, Rodolfo, Assis, Rafael L., Medeiros, Marcelo Brilhante, Simon, Marcelo Fragomeni, Andrade, Ana, Laurance, Susan G.W., Nascimento, H.E.M., Marimon, Beatriz S., Marimon Junior, Ben Hur, Targhetta, Natalia, Brienen, Roel J.W., Duivenvoorden, Joost, Mogollon, Hugo, Piedade, Maria Teresa Fernandez, Aymard C., Gerardo A., Comiskey, James A., Damasco, Gabriel, Garcia-Villacorta, Roosevelt, Diaz, Pablo Roberto Stevenson, Vincentini, Alberto, Emilio, Thaise, Levis, Carolina, Schietti, Juliana, Souza, Priscila, Alonso, Alfonso, Dallmeier, Francisco, Ferreira, Leandro, Neill, David, Araujo-Murakami, Alejandro, Arroyo, Luzmila, Carvalho, Fernanda Antunes, Souza, Fernanda Coelho, Gribel, Rogerio, Luize, Bruno Garcia, Pansonato, Marcelo Petrati, Venticinque, Eduardo, Fine, Paul, Toledo, Marisol, Baraloto, Christopher, Ceron, Carlos, Engel, Julian, Henkel, Terry W., Jimenez, Eliana M., Maas, P., Petronelli, Pascal, Revilla, Juan David Cardenas, Silveira, Marcos, Stropp, Juliana, Thomas-Caesar, Raquel, Baker, Tim R., Daly, Doug, da Silva, Naara Ferreira, Fuentes, A., Silman, Miles R., Valverde, Fernando Cornejo, Di Fiore, Anthony, Phillips, Juan, van Andel, Tinde R., von Hildebrand, P., Barbosa, E.M., de Matos Bonates, Luiz Carlos, de Castro, D., de Sousa Farias, E., Gonzales, Therany, Guillaumet, Jean-Louis, Hoffman, Bruce, Malhi, Yadvinder, de Andrade Miranda, Ires Paula, Prieto, Adriana, Rudas, Agustin, Ruschell, Ademir R., Silva, Natalino, Vela, Cesar, Vos, Vincent A., Zent, Stanford, Cano, Angela, Nascimento, Marcelo Trindade, Oliveira, Alexandre A., Ramirez-Angulo, Hirma, Sierra, Rodrigo, Tirado, Milton, van der Heijden, Geertje M.F., Torre, Emilio Vilanova, Vriesendorp, Corine, Wang, Ophelia, Young, Kenneth R., Baider, Claudia, Balslev, Henrik, de Castro, Natalia, Farfan-Rios, William, Ferreira, Cid, Mendoza, Casimiro, Mesones, Italo, Torres-Lezama, Armando, Giraldo, Ligia Estela Urrego, Villarroel, Daniel, Zagt, Roderick J., Alexiades, Miguel, Garcia-Cabrera, Karina, Hernandez, Lionel, Huamantupa-Chuquimaco, Isau, Milliken, William, Cuenca, Walter Palacios, Pansini, Susamar, Pauletto, Daniela, Arevalo, Freddy Ramirez, Sampaio, Adeilza Felipe, Valderrama Sandoval, Elvis H., and Gamarra, Luis Valenzuela

Abstract

Estimates of extinction risk for Amazonian plant and animal species are rare and not often incorporated into land-use policy and conservation planning. We overlay spatial distribution models with historical and projected deforestation to show that at least 36% and up to 57% of all Amazonian tree species are likely to qualify as globally threatened under International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List criteria. If confirmed, these results would increase the number of threatened plant species on Earth by 22%. We show that the trends observed in Amazonia apply to trees throughout the tropics, and we predict thatmost of the world’s >40,000 tropical tree species now qualify as globally threatened. A gap analysis suggests that existing Amazonian protected areas and indigenous territories will protect viable populations of most threatened species if these areas suffer no further degradation, highlighting the key roles that protected areas, indigenous peoples, and improved governance can play in preventing large-scale extinctions in the tropics in this century.

23. Estimating the global conservation status of more than 15,000 Amazonian tree species

Author

ter Steege, Hans, Pitman, Nigel C.A., Killeen, Timothy J., Laurance, William F., Peres, Carlos A., Guevara, Juan Ernesto, Salomão, Rafael P., Castilho, Carolina V., Amaral, Ieda, de Almeida Matos, Francisca Dionízia, de Souza Coelho, Luiz, Magnusson, William E., Phillips, Oliver L., de Andrade Lima Filho, Diogenes, de Jesus Veiga Carim, Marcelo, Irume, Mariana Victória, Martins, Maria Pires, Molino, Jean-François, Sabatier, Daniel, Wittmann, Florian, López, Dairon Cárdenas, da Silva Guimaraes, José Renan, Mendoza, Abel Monteagudo, Vargas, Percy Núñez, Manzatto, Angelo Gilberto, Reis, Neidiane Farias Costa, Terborgh, John, Casula, Karia Regina, Montero, Juan Carlos, Feldpausch, Ted R., Honorio Coronado, Eurídice N., Montoya, A.J.D., Zartman, Charles Eugene, Mostacedo, Bonifacio, Vasquez, Rodolfo, Assis, Rafael L., Medeiros, Marcelo Brilhante, Simon, Marcelo Fragomeni, Andrade, Ana, Camargo, José L.C., Laurance, Susan G.W., Nascimento, H.E.M., Marimon, Beatriz S., Marimon Junior, Ben Hur, Costa, Flávia R.C., Targhetta, Natalia, Vieira, Ima Célia Guimarães, Brienen, Roel J.W., Castellanos, Hernán, Duivenvoorden, Joost, Mogollon, Hugo, Piedade, Maria Teresa Fernandez, Aymard C., Gerardo A., Comiskey, James A., Damasco, Gabriel, Dávila, Nállarett, Garcia-Villacorta, Roosevelt, Diaz, Pablo Roberto Stevenson, Vincentini, Alberto, Emilio, Thaise, Levis, Carolina, Schietti, Juliana, Souza, Priscila, Alonso, Alfonso, Dallmeier, Francisco, Ferreira, Leandro, Neill, David, Araujo-Murakami, Alejandro, Arroyo, Luzmila, Carvalho, Fernanda Antunes, Souza, Fernanda Coelho, Amaral, Dário Dantas do, Gribel, Rogerio, Luize, Bruno Garcia, Pansonato, Marcelo Petrati, Venticinque, Eduardo, Fine, Paul, Toledo, Marisol, Baraloto, Christopher, Ceron, Carlos, Engel, Julian, Henkel, Terry W., Jimenez, Eliana M., Maas, P., Mora, Maria Cristina Peñuela, Petronelli, Pascal, Revilla, Juan David Cardenas, Silveira, Marcos, Stropp, Juliana, Thomas-Caesar, Raquel, Baker, Tim R., Daly, Doug, Paredes, Marcos Ríos, da Silva, Naara Ferreira, Fuentes, A., Jørgensen, Peter Møller, Schöngart, Jochen, Silman, Miles R., Arboleda, Nicolás Castaño, Cintra, Bruno Barçante Ladvocat, Valverde, Fernando Cornejo, Di Fiore, Anthony, Phillips, Juan, van Andel, Tinde R., von Hildebrand, P., Barbosa, E.M., de Matos Bonates, Luiz Carlos, de Castro, D., de Sousa Farias, E., Gonzales, Therany, Guillaumet, Jean-Louis, Hoffman, Bruce, Malhi, Yadvinder, de Andrade Miranda, Ires Paula, Prieto, Adriana, Rudas, Agustin, Ruschell, Ademir R., Silva, Natalino, Vela, Cesar, Vos, Vincent A., Zent, Eglée L., Zent, Stanford, Cano, Angela, Nascimento, Marcelo Trindade, Oliveira, Alexandre A., Ramirez-Angulo, Hirma, Ramos, José Ferreira, Sierra, Rodrigo, Tirado, Milton, Medina, Maria Natalia Umaña, van der Heijden, Geertje M.F., Torre, Emilio Vilanova, Vriesendorp, Corine, Wang, Ophelia, Young, Kenneth R., Baider, Claudia, Balslev, Henrik, de Castro, Natalia, Farfan-Rios, William, Ferreira, Cid, Mendoza, Casimiro, Mesones, Italo, Torres-Lezama, Armando, Giraldo, Ligia Estela Urrego, Villarroel, Daniel, Zagt, Roderick J., Alexiades, Miguel, Garcia-Cabrera, Karina, Hernandez, Lionel, Huamantupa-Chuquimaco, Isau, Milliken, William, Cuenca, Walter Palacios, Pansini, Susamar, Pauletto, Daniela, Arevalo, Freddy Ramirez, Sampaio, Adeilza Felipe, Valderrama Sandoval, Elvis H., Gamarra, Luis Valenzuela, ter Steege, Hans, Pitman, Nigel C.A., Killeen, Timothy J., Laurance, William F., Peres, Carlos A., Guevara, Juan Ernesto, Salomão, Rafael P., Castilho, Carolina V., Amaral, Ieda, de Almeida Matos, Francisca Dionízia, de Souza Coelho, Luiz, Magnusson, William E., Phillips, Oliver L., de Andrade Lima Filho, Diogenes, de Jesus Veiga Carim, Marcelo, Irume, Mariana Victória, Martins, Maria Pires, Molino, Jean-François, Sabatier, Daniel, Wittmann, Florian, López, Dairon Cárdenas, da Silva Guimaraes, José Renan, Mendoza, Abel Monteagudo, Vargas, Percy Núñez, Manzatto, Angelo Gilberto, Reis, Neidiane Farias Costa, Terborgh, John, Casula, Karia Regina, Montero, Juan Carlos, Feldpausch, Ted R., Honorio Coronado, Eurídice N., Montoya, A.J.D., Zartman, Charles Eugene, Mostacedo, Bonifacio, Vasquez, Rodolfo, Assis, Rafael L., Medeiros, Marcelo Brilhante, Simon, Marcelo Fragomeni, Andrade, Ana, Camargo, José L.C., Laurance, Susan G.W., Nascimento, H.E.M., Marimon, Beatriz S., Marimon Junior, Ben Hur, Costa, Flávia R.C., Targhetta, Natalia, Vieira, Ima Célia Guimarães, Brienen, Roel J.W., Castellanos, Hernán, Duivenvoorden, Joost, Mogollon, Hugo, Piedade, Maria Teresa Fernandez, Aymard C., Gerardo A., Comiskey, James A., Damasco, Gabriel, Dávila, Nállarett, Garcia-Villacorta, Roosevelt, Diaz, Pablo Roberto Stevenson, Vincentini, Alberto, Emilio, Thaise, Levis, Carolina, Schietti, Juliana, Souza, Priscila, Alonso, Alfonso, Dallmeier, Francisco, Ferreira, Leandro, Neill, David, Araujo-Murakami, Alejandro, Arroyo, Luzmila, Carvalho, Fernanda Antunes, Souza, Fernanda Coelho, Amaral, Dário Dantas do, Gribel, Rogerio, Luize, Bruno Garcia, Pansonato, Marcelo Petrati, Venticinque, Eduardo, Fine, Paul, Toledo, Marisol, Baraloto, Christopher, Ceron, Carlos, Engel, Julian, Henkel, Terry W., Jimenez, Eliana M., Maas, P., Mora, Maria Cristina Peñuela, Petronelli, Pascal, Revilla, Juan David Cardenas, Silveira, Marcos, Stropp, Juliana, Thomas-Caesar, Raquel, Baker, Tim R., Daly, Doug, Paredes, Marcos Ríos, da Silva, Naara Ferreira, Fuentes, A., Jørgensen, Peter Møller, Schöngart, Jochen, Silman, Miles R., Arboleda, Nicolás Castaño, Cintra, Bruno Barçante Ladvocat, Valverde, Fernando Cornejo, Di Fiore, Anthony, Phillips, Juan, van Andel, Tinde R., von Hildebrand, P., Barbosa, E.M., de Matos Bonates, Luiz Carlos, de Castro, D., de Sousa Farias, E., Gonzales, Therany, Guillaumet, Jean-Louis, Hoffman, Bruce, Malhi, Yadvinder, de Andrade Miranda, Ires Paula, Prieto, Adriana, Rudas, Agustin, Ruschell, Ademir R., Silva, Natalino, Vela, Cesar, Vos, Vincent A., Zent, Eglée L., Zent, Stanford, Cano, Angela, Nascimento, Marcelo Trindade, Oliveira, Alexandre A., Ramirez-Angulo, Hirma, Ramos, José Ferreira, Sierra, Rodrigo, Tirado, Milton, Medina, Maria Natalia Umaña, van der Heijden, Geertje M.F., Torre, Emilio Vilanova, Vriesendorp, Corine, Wang, Ophelia, Young, Kenneth R., Baider, Claudia, Balslev, Henrik, de Castro, Natalia, Farfan-Rios, William, Ferreira, Cid, Mendoza, Casimiro, Mesones, Italo, Torres-Lezama, Armando, Giraldo, Ligia Estela Urrego, Villarroel, Daniel, Zagt, Roderick J., Alexiades, Miguel, Garcia-Cabrera, Karina, Hernandez, Lionel, Huamantupa-Chuquimaco, Isau, Milliken, William, Cuenca, Walter Palacios, Pansini, Susamar, Pauletto, Daniela, Arevalo, Freddy Ramirez, Sampaio, Adeilza Felipe, Valderrama Sandoval, Elvis H., and Gamarra, Luis Valenzuela

Abstract

Estimates of extinction risk for Amazonian plant and animal species are rare and not often incorporated into land-use policy and conservation planning. We overlay spatial distribution models with historical and projected deforestation to show that at least 36% and up to 57% of all Amazonian tree species are likely to qualify as globally threatened under International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List criteria. If confirmed, these results would increase the number of threatened plant species on Earth by 22%. We show that the trends observed in Amazonia apply to trees throughout the tropics, and we predict thatmost of the world’s >40,000 tropical tree species now qualify as globally threatened. A gap analysis suggests that existing Amazonian protected areas and indigenous territories will protect viable populations of most threatened species if these areas suffer no further degradation, highlighting the key roles that protected areas, indigenous peoples, and improved governance can play in preventing large-scale extinctions in the tropics in this century.

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24. Evolutionary heritage influences Amazon tree ecology

Author

Coelho de Souza, Fernanda, Dexter, Kyle G., Phillips, Oliver L., Brienen, Roel J.W., Chave, Jerome, Galbraith, David R., Lopez Gonzalez, Gabriela, Monteagudo Mendoza, Abel, Pennington, R. Toby, Poorter, Lourens, Alexiades, Miguel, Álvarez-Dávila, Esteban, Andrade, Ana, Aragão, Luis E.O.C., Araujo-Murakami, Alejandro, Arets, Eric J.M.M., Aymard C, Gerardo A., Baraloto, Christopher, Barroso, Jorcely G., Bonal, Damien, Boot, Rene G.A., Camargo, José L.C., Comiskey, James A., Valverde, Fernando Cornejo, de Camargo, Plínio B., Di Fiore, Anthony, Elias, Fernando, Erwin, Terry L., Feldpausch, Ted R., Ferreira, Leandro, Fyllas, Nikolaos M., Gloor, Emanuel, Herault, Bruno, Herrera, Rafael, Higuchi, Niro, Honorio Coronado, Eurídice N., Killeen, Timothy J., Laurance, William F., Laurance, Susan, Lloyd, Jon, Lovejoy, Thomas E., Malhi, Yadvinder, Maracahipes, Leandro, Marimon, Beatriz S., Marimon-Junior, Ben H., Mendoza, Casimiro, Morandi, Paulo, Neill, David A., Vargas, Percy Núñez, Oliveira, Edmar A., Lenza, Eddie, Palacios, Walter A., Peñuela-Mora, Maria C., Pipoly, John J., Pitman, Nigel C.A., Prieto, Adriana, Quesada, Carlos A., Ramirez-Angulo, Hirma, Rudas, Agustin, Ruokolainen, Kalle, Salomão, Rafael P., Silveira, Marcos, Stropp, Juliana, ter Steege, Hans, Thomas-Caesar, Raquel, van der Hout, Peter, van der Heijden, Geertje M.F., van der Meer, Peter J., Vasquez, Rodolfo V., Vieira, Simone A., Vilanova, Emilio, Vos, Vincent A., Wang, Ophelia, Young, Kenneth R., Zagt, Roderick J., Baker, Timothy R., Coelho de Souza, Fernanda, Dexter, Kyle G., Phillips, Oliver L., Brienen, Roel J.W., Chave, Jerome, Galbraith, David R., Lopez Gonzalez, Gabriela, Monteagudo Mendoza, Abel, Pennington, R. Toby, Poorter, Lourens, Alexiades, Miguel, Álvarez-Dávila, Esteban, Andrade, Ana, Aragão, Luis E.O.C., Araujo-Murakami, Alejandro, Arets, Eric J.M.M., Aymard C, Gerardo A., Baraloto, Christopher, Barroso, Jorcely G., Bonal, Damien, Boot, Rene G.A., Camargo, José L.C., Comiskey, James A., Valverde, Fernando Cornejo, de Camargo, Plínio B., Di Fiore, Anthony, Elias, Fernando, Erwin, Terry L., Feldpausch, Ted R., Ferreira, Leandro, Fyllas, Nikolaos M., Gloor, Emanuel, Herault, Bruno, Herrera, Rafael, Higuchi, Niro, Honorio Coronado, Eurídice N., Killeen, Timothy J., Laurance, William F., Laurance, Susan, Lloyd, Jon, Lovejoy, Thomas E., Malhi, Yadvinder, Maracahipes, Leandro, Marimon, Beatriz S., Marimon-Junior, Ben H., Mendoza, Casimiro, Morandi, Paulo, Neill, David A., Vargas, Percy Núñez, Oliveira, Edmar A., Lenza, Eddie, Palacios, Walter A., Peñuela-Mora, Maria C., Pipoly, John J., Pitman, Nigel C.A., Prieto, Adriana, Quesada, Carlos A., Ramirez-Angulo, Hirma, Rudas, Agustin, Ruokolainen, Kalle, Salomão, Rafael P., Silveira, Marcos, Stropp, Juliana, ter Steege, Hans, Thomas-Caesar, Raquel, van der Hout, Peter, van der Heijden, Geertje M.F., van der Meer, Peter J., Vasquez, Rodolfo V., Vieira, Simone A., Vilanova, Emilio, Vos, Vincent A., Wang, Ophelia, Young, Kenneth R., Zagt, Roderick J., and Baker, Timothy R.

Abstract

Lineages tend to retain ecological characteristics of their ancestors through time. However, for some traits, selection during evolutionary history may have also played a role in determining trait values. To address the relative importance of these processes requires large-scale quantification of traits and evolutionary relationships among species. The Amazonian tree flora comprises a high diversity of angiosperm lineages and species with widely differing life-history characteristics, providing an excellent system to investigate the combined influences of evolutionary heritage and selection in determining trait variation. We used trait data related to the major axes of life-history variation among tropical trees (e.g. growth and mortality rates) from 577 inventory plots in closed-canopy forest, mapped onto a phylogenetic hypothesis spanning more than 300 genera including all major angiosperm clades to test for evolutionary constraints on traits. We found significant phylogenetic signal (PS) for all traits, consistent with evolutionarily related genera having more similar characteristics than expected by chance. Although there is also evidence for repeated evolution of pioneer and shade tolerant life-history strategies within independent lineages, the existence of significant PS allows clearer predictions of the links between evolutionary diversity, ecosystem function and the response of tropical forests to global change.

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25. Estimating the global conservation status of more than 15,000 Amazonian tree species

Author

ter Steege, Hans, Pitman, Nigel C.A., Killeen, Timothy J., Laurance, William F., Peres, Carlos A., Guevara, Juan Ernesto, Salomão, Rafael P., Castilho, Carolina V., Amaral, Ieda, de Almeida Matos, Francisca Dionízia, de Souza Coelho, Luiz, Magnusson, William E., Phillips, Oliver L., de Andrade Lima Filho, Diogenes, de Jesus Veiga Carim, Marcelo, Irume, Mariana Victória, Martins, Maria Pires, Molino, Jean-François, Sabatier, Daniel, Wittmann, Florian, López, Dairon Cárdenas, da Silva Guimaraes, José Renan, Mendoza, Abel Monteagudo, Vargas, Percy Núñez, Manzatto, Angelo Gilberto, Reis, Neidiane Farias Costa, Terborgh, John, Casula, Karia Regina, Montero, Juan Carlos, Feldpausch, Ted R., Honorio Coronado, Eurídice N., Montoya, A.J.D., Zartman, Charles Eugene, Mostacedo, Bonifacio, Vasquez, Rodolfo, Assis, Rafael L., Medeiros, Marcelo Brilhante, Simon, Marcelo Fragomeni, Andrade, Ana, Camargo, José L.C., Laurance, Susan G.W., Nascimento, H.E.M., Marimon, Beatriz S., Marimon Junior, Ben Hur, Costa, Flávia R.C., Targhetta, Natalia, Vieira, Ima Célia Guimarães, Brienen, Roel J.W., Castellanos, Hernán, Duivenvoorden, Joost, Mogollon, Hugo, Piedade, Maria Teresa Fernandez, Aymard C., Gerardo A., Comiskey, James A., Damasco, Gabriel, Dávila, Nállarett, Garcia-Villacorta, Roosevelt, Diaz, Pablo Roberto Stevenson, Vincentini, Alberto, Emilio, Thaise, Levis, Carolina, Schietti, Juliana, Souza, Priscila, Alonso, Alfonso, Dallmeier, Francisco, Ferreira, Leandro, Neill, David, Araujo-Murakami, Alejandro, Arroyo, Luzmila, Carvalho, Fernanda Antunes, Souza, Fernanda Coelho, Amaral, Dário Dantas do, Gribel, Rogerio, Luize, Bruno Garcia, Pansonato, Marcelo Petrati, Venticinque, Eduardo, Fine, Paul, Toledo, Marisol, Baraloto, Christopher, Ceron, Carlos, Engel, Julian, Henkel, Terry W., Jimenez, Eliana M., Maas, P., Mora, Maria Cristina Peñuela, Petronelli, Pascal, Revilla, Juan David Cardenas, Silveira, Marcos, Stropp, Juliana, Thomas-Caesar, Raquel, Baker, Tim R., Daly, Doug, Paredes, Marcos Ríos, da Silva, Naara Ferreira, Fuentes, A., Jørgensen, Peter Møller, Schöngart, Jochen, Silman, Miles R., Arboleda, Nicolás Castaño, Cintra, Bruno Barçante Ladvocat, Valverde, Fernando Cornejo, Di Fiore, Anthony, Phillips, Juan, van Andel, Tinde R., von Hildebrand, P., Barbosa, E.M., de Matos Bonates, Luiz Carlos, de Castro, D., de Sousa Farias, E., Gonzales, Therany, Guillaumet, Jean-Louis, Hoffman, Bruce, Malhi, Yadvinder, de Andrade Miranda, Ires Paula, Prieto, Adriana, Rudas, Agustin, Ruschell, Ademir R., Silva, Natalino, Vela, Cesar, Vos, Vincent A., Zent, Eglée L., Zent, Stanford, Cano, Angela, Nascimento, Marcelo Trindade, Oliveira, Alexandre A., Ramirez-Angulo, Hirma, Ramos, José Ferreira, Sierra, Rodrigo, Tirado, Milton, Medina, Maria Natalia Umaña, van der Heijden, Geertje M.F., Torre, Emilio Vilanova, Vriesendorp, Corine, Wang, Ophelia, Young, Kenneth R., Baider, Claudia, Balslev, Henrik, de Castro, Natalia, Farfan-Rios, William, Ferreira, Cid, Mendoza, Casimiro, Mesones, Italo, Torres-Lezama, Armando, Giraldo, Ligia Estela Urrego, Villarroel, Daniel, Zagt, Roderick J., Alexiades, Miguel, Garcia-Cabrera, Karina, Hernandez, Lionel, Huamantupa-Chuquimaco, Isau, Milliken, William, Cuenca, Walter Palacios, Pansini, Susamar, Pauletto, Daniela, Arevalo, Freddy Ramirez, Sampaio, Adeilza Felipe, Valderrama Sandoval, Elvis H., Gamarra, Luis Valenzuela, ter Steege, Hans, Pitman, Nigel C.A., Killeen, Timothy J., Laurance, William F., Peres, Carlos A., Guevara, Juan Ernesto, Salomão, Rafael P., Castilho, Carolina V., Amaral, Ieda, de Almeida Matos, Francisca Dionízia, de Souza Coelho, Luiz, Magnusson, William E., Phillips, Oliver L., de Andrade Lima Filho, Diogenes, de Jesus Veiga Carim, Marcelo, Irume, Mariana Victória, Martins, Maria Pires, Molino, Jean-François, Sabatier, Daniel, Wittmann, Florian, López, Dairon Cárdenas, da Silva Guimaraes, José Renan, Mendoza, Abel Monteagudo, Vargas, Percy Núñez, Manzatto, Angelo Gilberto, Reis, Neidiane Farias Costa, Terborgh, John, Casula, Karia Regina, Montero, Juan Carlos, Feldpausch, Ted R., Honorio Coronado, Eurídice N., Montoya, A.J.D., Zartman, Charles Eugene, Mostacedo, Bonifacio, Vasquez, Rodolfo, Assis, Rafael L., Medeiros, Marcelo Brilhante, Simon, Marcelo Fragomeni, Andrade, Ana, Camargo, José L.C., Laurance, Susan G.W., Nascimento, H.E.M., Marimon, Beatriz S., Marimon Junior, Ben Hur, Costa, Flávia R.C., Targhetta, Natalia, Vieira, Ima Célia Guimarães, Brienen, Roel J.W., Castellanos, Hernán, Duivenvoorden, Joost, Mogollon, Hugo, Piedade, Maria Teresa Fernandez, Aymard C., Gerardo A., Comiskey, James A., Damasco, Gabriel, Dávila, Nállarett, Garcia-Villacorta, Roosevelt, Diaz, Pablo Roberto Stevenson, Vincentini, Alberto, Emilio, Thaise, Levis, Carolina, Schietti, Juliana, Souza, Priscila, Alonso, Alfonso, Dallmeier, Francisco, Ferreira, Leandro, Neill, David, Araujo-Murakami, Alejandro, Arroyo, Luzmila, Carvalho, Fernanda Antunes, Souza, Fernanda Coelho, Amaral, Dário Dantas do, Gribel, Rogerio, Luize, Bruno Garcia, Pansonato, Marcelo Petrati, Venticinque, Eduardo, Fine, Paul, Toledo, Marisol, Baraloto, Christopher, Ceron, Carlos, Engel, Julian, Henkel, Terry W., Jimenez, Eliana M., Maas, P., Mora, Maria Cristina Peñuela, Petronelli, Pascal, Revilla, Juan David Cardenas, Silveira, Marcos, Stropp, Juliana, Thomas-Caesar, Raquel, Baker, Tim R., Daly, Doug, Paredes, Marcos Ríos, da Silva, Naara Ferreira, Fuentes, A., Jørgensen, Peter Møller, Schöngart, Jochen, Silman, Miles R., Arboleda, Nicolás Castaño, Cintra, Bruno Barçante Ladvocat, Valverde, Fernando Cornejo, Di Fiore, Anthony, Phillips, Juan, van Andel, Tinde R., von Hildebrand, P., Barbosa, E.M., de Matos Bonates, Luiz Carlos, de Castro, D., de Sousa Farias, E., Gonzales, Therany, Guillaumet, Jean-Louis, Hoffman, Bruce, Malhi, Yadvinder, de Andrade Miranda, Ires Paula, Prieto, Adriana, Rudas, Agustin, Ruschell, Ademir R., Silva, Natalino, Vela, Cesar, Vos, Vincent A., Zent, Eglée L., Zent, Stanford, Cano, Angela, Nascimento, Marcelo Trindade, Oliveira, Alexandre A., Ramirez-Angulo, Hirma, Ramos, José Ferreira, Sierra, Rodrigo, Tirado, Milton, Medina, Maria Natalia Umaña, van der Heijden, Geertje M.F., Torre, Emilio Vilanova, Vriesendorp, Corine, Wang, Ophelia, Young, Kenneth R., Baider, Claudia, Balslev, Henrik, de Castro, Natalia, Farfan-Rios, William, Ferreira, Cid, Mendoza, Casimiro, Mesones, Italo, Torres-Lezama, Armando, Giraldo, Ligia Estela Urrego, Villarroel, Daniel, Zagt, Roderick J., Alexiades, Miguel, Garcia-Cabrera, Karina, Hernandez, Lionel, Huamantupa-Chuquimaco, Isau, Milliken, William, Cuenca, Walter Palacios, Pansini, Susamar, Pauletto, Daniela, Arevalo, Freddy Ramirez, Sampaio, Adeilza Felipe, Valderrama Sandoval, Elvis H., and Gamarra, Luis Valenzuela

Abstract

Estimates of extinction risk for Amazonian plant and animal species are rare and not often incorporated into land-use policy and conservation planning. We overlay spatial distribution models with historical and projected deforestation to show that at least 36% and up to 57% of all Amazonian tree species are likely to qualify as globally threatened under International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List criteria. If confirmed, these results would increase the number of threatened plant species on Earth by 22%. We show that the trends observed in Amazonia apply to trees throughout the tropics, and we predict thatmost of the world’s >40,000 tropical tree species now qualify as globally threatened. A gap analysis suggests that existing Amazonian protected areas and indigenous territories will protect viable populations of most threatened species if these areas suffer no further degradation, highlighting the key roles that protected areas, indigenous peoples, and improved governance can play in preventing large-scale extinctions in the tropics in this century.

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26. Evolutionary heritage influences Amazon tree ecology

Author

Coelho de Souza, Fernanda, Dexter, Kyle G., Phillips, Oliver L., Brienen, Roel J.W., Chave, Jerome, Galbraith, David R., Lopez Gonzalez, Gabriela, Monteagudo Mendoza, Abel, Pennington, R. Toby, Poorter, Lourens, Alexiades, Miguel, Álvarez-Dávila, Esteban, Andrade, Ana, Aragão, Luis E.O.C., Araujo-Murakami, Alejandro, Arets, Eric J.M.M., Aymard C, Gerardo A., Baraloto, Christopher, Barroso, Jorcely G., Bonal, Damien, Boot, Rene G.A., Camargo, José L.C., Comiskey, James A., Valverde, Fernando Cornejo, de Camargo, Plínio B., Di Fiore, Anthony, Elias, Fernando, Erwin, Terry L., Feldpausch, Ted R., Ferreira, Leandro, Fyllas, Nikolaos M., Gloor, Emanuel, Herault, Bruno, Herrera, Rafael, Higuchi, Niro, Honorio Coronado, Eurídice N., Killeen, Timothy J., Laurance, William F., Laurance, Susan, Lloyd, Jon, Lovejoy, Thomas E., Malhi, Yadvinder, Maracahipes, Leandro, Marimon, Beatriz S., Marimon-Junior, Ben H., Mendoza, Casimiro, Morandi, Paulo, Neill, David A., Vargas, Percy Núñez, Oliveira, Edmar A., Lenza, Eddie, Palacios, Walter A., Peñuela-Mora, Maria C., Pipoly, John J., Pitman, Nigel C.A., Prieto, Adriana, Quesada, Carlos A., Ramirez-Angulo, Hirma, Rudas, Agustin, Ruokolainen, Kalle, Salomão, Rafael P., Silveira, Marcos, Stropp, Juliana, ter Steege, Hans, Thomas-Caesar, Raquel, van der Hout, Peter, van der Heijden, Geertje M.F., van der Meer, Peter J., Vasquez, Rodolfo V., Vieira, Simone A., Vilanova, Emilio, Vos, Vincent A., Wang, Ophelia, Young, Kenneth R., Zagt, Roderick J., Baker, Timothy R., Coelho de Souza, Fernanda, Dexter, Kyle G., Phillips, Oliver L., Brienen, Roel J.W., Chave, Jerome, Galbraith, David R., Lopez Gonzalez, Gabriela, Monteagudo Mendoza, Abel, Pennington, R. Toby, Poorter, Lourens, Alexiades, Miguel, Álvarez-Dávila, Esteban, Andrade, Ana, Aragão, Luis E.O.C., Araujo-Murakami, Alejandro, Arets, Eric J.M.M., Aymard C, Gerardo A., Baraloto, Christopher, Barroso, Jorcely G., Bonal, Damien, Boot, Rene G.A., Camargo, José L.C., Comiskey, James A., Valverde, Fernando Cornejo, de Camargo, Plínio B., Di Fiore, Anthony, Elias, Fernando, Erwin, Terry L., Feldpausch, Ted R., Ferreira, Leandro, Fyllas, Nikolaos M., Gloor, Emanuel, Herault, Bruno, Herrera, Rafael, Higuchi, Niro, Honorio Coronado, Eurídice N., Killeen, Timothy J., Laurance, William F., Laurance, Susan, Lloyd, Jon, Lovejoy, Thomas E., Malhi, Yadvinder, Maracahipes, Leandro, Marimon, Beatriz S., Marimon-Junior, Ben H., Mendoza, Casimiro, Morandi, Paulo, Neill, David A., Vargas, Percy Núñez, Oliveira, Edmar A., Lenza, Eddie, Palacios, Walter A., Peñuela-Mora, Maria C., Pipoly, John J., Pitman, Nigel C.A., Prieto, Adriana, Quesada, Carlos A., Ramirez-Angulo, Hirma, Rudas, Agustin, Ruokolainen, Kalle, Salomão, Rafael P., Silveira, Marcos, Stropp, Juliana, ter Steege, Hans, Thomas-Caesar, Raquel, van der Hout, Peter, van der Heijden, Geertje M.F., van der Meer, Peter J., Vasquez, Rodolfo V., Vieira, Simone A., Vilanova, Emilio, Vos, Vincent A., Wang, Ophelia, Young, Kenneth R., Zagt, Roderick J., and Baker, Timothy R.

Abstract

Lineages tend to retain ecological characteristics of their ancestors through time. However, for some traits, selection during evolutionary history may have also played a role in determining trait values. To address the relative importance of these processes requires large-scale quantification of traits and evolutionary relationships among species. The Amazonian tree flora comprises a high diversity of angiosperm lineages and species with widely differing life-history characteristics, providing an excellent system to investigate the combined influences of evolutionary heritage and selection in determining trait variation. We used trait data related to the major axes of life-history variation among tropical trees (e.g. growth and mortality rates) from 577 inventory plots in closed-canopy forest, mapped onto a phylogenetic hypothesis spanning more than 300 genera including all major angiosperm clades to test for evolutionary constraints on traits. We found significant phylogenetic signal (PS) for all traits, consistent with evolutionarily related genera having more similar characteristics than expected by chance. Although there is also evidence for repeated evolution of pioneer and shade tolerant life-history strategies within independent lineages, the existence of significant PS allows clearer predictions of the links between evolutionary diversity, ecosystem function and the response of tropical forests to global change.

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27. Estimating the global conservation status of more than 15,000 Amazonian tree species

Author

ter Steege, Hans, Pitman, Nigel C.A., Killeen, Timothy J., Laurance, William F., Peres, Carlos A., Guevara, Juan Ernesto, Salomão, Rafael P., Castilho, Carolina V., Amaral, Ieda, de Almeida Matos, Francisca Dionízia, de Souza Coelho, Luiz, Magnusson, William E., Phillips, Oliver L., de Andrade Lima Filho, Diogenes, de Jesus Veiga Carim, Marcelo, Irume, Mariana Victória, Martins, Maria Pires, Molino, Jean-François, Sabatier, Daniel, Wittmann, Florian, López, Dairon Cárdenas, da Silva Guimaraes, José Renan, Mendoza, Abel Monteagudo, Vargas, Percy Núñez, Manzatto, Angelo Gilberto, Reis, Neidiane Farias Costa, Terborgh, John, Casula, Karia Regina, Montero, Juan Carlos, Feldpausch, Ted R., Honorio Coronado, Eurídice N., Montoya, A.J.D., Zartman, Charles Eugene, Mostacedo, Bonifacio, Vasquez, Rodolfo, Assis, Rafael L., Medeiros, Marcelo Brilhante, Simon, Marcelo Fragomeni, Andrade, Ana, Camargo, José L.C., Laurance, Susan G.W., Nascimento, H.E.M., Marimon, Beatriz S., Marimon Junior, Ben Hur, Costa, Flávia R.C., Targhetta, Natalia, Vieira, Ima Célia Guimarães, Brienen, Roel J.W., Castellanos, Hernán, Duivenvoorden, Joost, Mogollon, Hugo, Piedade, Maria Teresa Fernandez, Aymard C., Gerardo A., Comiskey, James A., Damasco, Gabriel, Dávila, Nállarett, Garcia-Villacorta, Roosevelt, Diaz, Pablo Roberto Stevenson, Vincentini, Alberto, Emilio, Thaise, Levis, Carolina, Schietti, Juliana, Souza, Priscila, Alonso, Alfonso, Dallmeier, Francisco, Ferreira, Leandro, Neill, David, Araujo-Murakami, Alejandro, Arroyo, Luzmila, Carvalho, Fernanda Antunes, Souza, Fernanda Coelho, Amaral, Dário Dantas do, Gribel, Rogerio, Luize, Bruno Garcia, Pansonato, Marcelo Petrati, Venticinque, Eduardo, Fine, Paul, Toledo, Marisol, Baraloto, Christopher, Ceron, Carlos, Engel, Julian, Henkel, Terry W., Jimenez, Eliana M., Maas, P., Mora, Maria Cristina Peñuela, Petronelli, Pascal, Revilla, Juan David Cardenas, Silveira, Marcos, Stropp, Juliana, Thomas-Caesar, Raquel, Baker, Tim R., Daly, Doug, Paredes, Marcos Ríos, da Silva, Naara Ferreira, Fuentes, A., Jørgensen, Peter Møller, Schöngart, Jochen, Silman, Miles R., Arboleda, Nicolás Castaño, Cintra, Bruno Barçante Ladvocat, Valverde, Fernando Cornejo, Di Fiore, Anthony, Phillips, Juan, van Andel, Tinde R., von Hildebrand, P., Barbosa, E.M., de Matos Bonates, Luiz Carlos, de Castro, D., de Sousa Farias, E., Gonzales, Therany, Guillaumet, Jean-Louis, Hoffman, Bruce, Malhi, Yadvinder, de Andrade Miranda, Ires Paula, Prieto, Adriana, Rudas, Agustin, Ruschell, Ademir R., Silva, Natalino, Vela, Cesar, Vos, Vincent A., Zent, Eglée L., Zent, Stanford, Cano, Angela, Nascimento, Marcelo Trindade, Oliveira, Alexandre A., Ramirez-Angulo, Hirma, Ramos, José Ferreira, Sierra, Rodrigo, Tirado, Milton, Medina, Maria Natalia Umaña, van der Heijden, Geertje M.F., Torre, Emilio Vilanova, Vriesendorp, Corine, Wang, Ophelia, Young, Kenneth R., Baider, Claudia, Balslev, Henrik, de Castro, Natalia, Farfan-Rios, William, Ferreira, Cid, Mendoza, Casimiro, Mesones, Italo, Torres-Lezama, Armando, Giraldo, Ligia Estela Urrego, Villarroel, Daniel, Zagt, Roderick J., Alexiades, Miguel, Garcia-Cabrera, Karina, Hernandez, Lionel, Huamantupa-Chuquimaco, Isau, Milliken, William, Cuenca, Walter Palacios, Pansini, Susamar, Pauletto, Daniela, Arevalo, Freddy Ramirez, Sampaio, Adeilza Felipe, Valderrama Sandoval, Elvis H., Gamarra, Luis Valenzuela, ter Steege, Hans, Pitman, Nigel C.A., Killeen, Timothy J., Laurance, William F., Peres, Carlos A., Guevara, Juan Ernesto, Salomão, Rafael P., Castilho, Carolina V., Amaral, Ieda, de Almeida Matos, Francisca Dionízia, de Souza Coelho, Luiz, Magnusson, William E., Phillips, Oliver L., de Andrade Lima Filho, Diogenes, de Jesus Veiga Carim, Marcelo, Irume, Mariana Victória, Martins, Maria Pires, Molino, Jean-François, Sabatier, Daniel, Wittmann, Florian, López, Dairon Cárdenas, da Silva Guimaraes, José Renan, Mendoza, Abel Monteagudo, Vargas, Percy Núñez, Manzatto, Angelo Gilberto, Reis, Neidiane Farias Costa, Terborgh, John, Casula, Karia Regina, Montero, Juan Carlos, Feldpausch, Ted R., Honorio Coronado, Eurídice N., Montoya, A.J.D., Zartman, Charles Eugene, Mostacedo, Bonifacio, Vasquez, Rodolfo, Assis, Rafael L., Medeiros, Marcelo Brilhante, Simon, Marcelo Fragomeni, Andrade, Ana, Camargo, José L.C., Laurance, Susan G.W., Nascimento, H.E.M., Marimon, Beatriz S., Marimon Junior, Ben Hur, Costa, Flávia R.C., Targhetta, Natalia, Vieira, Ima Célia Guimarães, Brienen, Roel J.W., Castellanos, Hernán, Duivenvoorden, Joost, Mogollon, Hugo, Piedade, Maria Teresa Fernandez, Aymard C., Gerardo A., Comiskey, James A., Damasco, Gabriel, Dávila, Nállarett, Garcia-Villacorta, Roosevelt, Diaz, Pablo Roberto Stevenson, Vincentini, Alberto, Emilio, Thaise, Levis, Carolina, Schietti, Juliana, Souza, Priscila, Alonso, Alfonso, Dallmeier, Francisco, Ferreira, Leandro, Neill, David, Araujo-Murakami, Alejandro, Arroyo, Luzmila, Carvalho, Fernanda Antunes, Souza, Fernanda Coelho, Amaral, Dário Dantas do, Gribel, Rogerio, Luize, Bruno Garcia, Pansonato, Marcelo Petrati, Venticinque, Eduardo, Fine, Paul, Toledo, Marisol, Baraloto, Christopher, Ceron, Carlos, Engel, Julian, Henkel, Terry W., Jimenez, Eliana M., Maas, P., Mora, Maria Cristina Peñuela, Petronelli, Pascal, Revilla, Juan David Cardenas, Silveira, Marcos, Stropp, Juliana, Thomas-Caesar, Raquel, Baker, Tim R., Daly, Doug, Paredes, Marcos Ríos, da Silva, Naara Ferreira, Fuentes, A., Jørgensen, Peter Møller, Schöngart, Jochen, Silman, Miles R., Arboleda, Nicolás Castaño, Cintra, Bruno Barçante Ladvocat, Valverde, Fernando Cornejo, Di Fiore, Anthony, Phillips, Juan, van Andel, Tinde R., von Hildebrand, P., Barbosa, E.M., de Matos Bonates, Luiz Carlos, de Castro, D., de Sousa Farias, E., Gonzales, Therany, Guillaumet, Jean-Louis, Hoffman, Bruce, Malhi, Yadvinder, de Andrade Miranda, Ires Paula, Prieto, Adriana, Rudas, Agustin, Ruschell, Ademir R., Silva, Natalino, Vela, Cesar, Vos, Vincent A., Zent, Eglée L., Zent, Stanford, Cano, Angela, Nascimento, Marcelo Trindade, Oliveira, Alexandre A., Ramirez-Angulo, Hirma, Ramos, José Ferreira, Sierra, Rodrigo, Tirado, Milton, Medina, Maria Natalia Umaña, van der Heijden, Geertje M.F., Torre, Emilio Vilanova, Vriesendorp, Corine, Wang, Ophelia, Young, Kenneth R., Baider, Claudia, Balslev, Henrik, de Castro, Natalia, Farfan-Rios, William, Ferreira, Cid, Mendoza, Casimiro, Mesones, Italo, Torres-Lezama, Armando, Giraldo, Ligia Estela Urrego, Villarroel, Daniel, Zagt, Roderick J., Alexiades, Miguel, Garcia-Cabrera, Karina, Hernandez, Lionel, Huamantupa-Chuquimaco, Isau, Milliken, William, Cuenca, Walter Palacios, Pansini, Susamar, Pauletto, Daniela, Arevalo, Freddy Ramirez, Sampaio, Adeilza Felipe, Valderrama Sandoval, Elvis H., and Gamarra, Luis Valenzuela

Abstract

Estimates of extinction risk for Amazonian plant and animal species are rare and not often incorporated into land-use policy and conservation planning. We overlay spatial distribution models with historical and projected deforestation to show that at least 36% and up to 57% of all Amazonian tree species are likely to qualify as globally threatened under International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List criteria. If confirmed, these results would increase the number of threatened plant species on Earth by 22%. We show that the trends observed in Amazonia apply to trees throughout the tropics, and we predict thatmost of the world’s >40,000 tropical tree species now qualify as globally threatened. A gap analysis suggests that existing Amazonian protected areas and indigenous territories will protect viable populations of most threatened species if these areas suffer no further degradation, highlighting the key roles that protected areas, indigenous peoples, and improved governance can play in preventing large-scale extinctions in the tropics in this century.

Full Text
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28. Evolutionary heritage influences Amazon tree ecology

Author

Coelho de Souza, Fernanda, Dexter, Kyle G., Phillips, Oliver L., Brienen, Roel J.W., Chave, Jerome, Galbraith, David R., Lopez Gonzalez, Gabriela, Monteagudo Mendoza, Abel, Pennington, R. Toby, Poorter, Lourens, Alexiades, Miguel, Álvarez-Dávila, Esteban, Andrade, Ana, Aragão, Luis E.O.C., Araujo-Murakami, Alejandro, Arets, Eric J.M.M., Aymard C, Gerardo A., Baraloto, Christopher, Barroso, Jorcely G., Bonal, Damien, Boot, Rene G.A., Camargo, José L.C., Comiskey, James A., Valverde, Fernando Cornejo, de Camargo, Plínio B., Di Fiore, Anthony, Elias, Fernando, Erwin, Terry L., Feldpausch, Ted R., Ferreira, Leandro, Fyllas, Nikolaos M., Gloor, Emanuel, Herault, Bruno, Herrera, Rafael, Higuchi, Niro, Honorio Coronado, Eurídice N., Killeen, Timothy J., Laurance, William F., Laurance, Susan, Lloyd, Jon, Lovejoy, Thomas E., Malhi, Yadvinder, Maracahipes, Leandro, Marimon, Beatriz S., Marimon-Junior, Ben H., Mendoza, Casimiro, Morandi, Paulo, Neill, David A., Vargas, Percy Núñez, Oliveira, Edmar A., Lenza, Eddie, Palacios, Walter A., Peñuela-Mora, Maria C., Pipoly, John J., Pitman, Nigel C.A., Prieto, Adriana, Quesada, Carlos A., Ramirez-Angulo, Hirma, Rudas, Agustin, Ruokolainen, Kalle, Salomão, Rafael P., Silveira, Marcos, Stropp, Juliana, ter Steege, Hans, Thomas-Caesar, Raquel, van der Hout, Peter, van der Heijden, Geertje M.F., van der Meer, Peter J., Vasquez, Rodolfo V., Vieira, Simone A., Vilanova, Emilio, Vos, Vincent A., Wang, Ophelia, Young, Kenneth R., Zagt, Roderick J., Baker, Timothy R., Coelho de Souza, Fernanda, Dexter, Kyle G., Phillips, Oliver L., Brienen, Roel J.W., Chave, Jerome, Galbraith, David R., Lopez Gonzalez, Gabriela, Monteagudo Mendoza, Abel, Pennington, R. Toby, Poorter, Lourens, Alexiades, Miguel, Álvarez-Dávila, Esteban, Andrade, Ana, Aragão, Luis E.O.C., Araujo-Murakami, Alejandro, Arets, Eric J.M.M., Aymard C, Gerardo A., Baraloto, Christopher, Barroso, Jorcely G., Bonal, Damien, Boot, Rene G.A., Camargo, José L.C., Comiskey, James A., Valverde, Fernando Cornejo, de Camargo, Plínio B., Di Fiore, Anthony, Elias, Fernando, Erwin, Terry L., Feldpausch, Ted R., Ferreira, Leandro, Fyllas, Nikolaos M., Gloor, Emanuel, Herault, Bruno, Herrera, Rafael, Higuchi, Niro, Honorio Coronado, Eurídice N., Killeen, Timothy J., Laurance, William F., Laurance, Susan, Lloyd, Jon, Lovejoy, Thomas E., Malhi, Yadvinder, Maracahipes, Leandro, Marimon, Beatriz S., Marimon-Junior, Ben H., Mendoza, Casimiro, Morandi, Paulo, Neill, David A., Vargas, Percy Núñez, Oliveira, Edmar A., Lenza, Eddie, Palacios, Walter A., Peñuela-Mora, Maria C., Pipoly, John J., Pitman, Nigel C.A., Prieto, Adriana, Quesada, Carlos A., Ramirez-Angulo, Hirma, Rudas, Agustin, Ruokolainen, Kalle, Salomão, Rafael P., Silveira, Marcos, Stropp, Juliana, ter Steege, Hans, Thomas-Caesar, Raquel, van der Hout, Peter, van der Heijden, Geertje M.F., van der Meer, Peter J., Vasquez, Rodolfo V., Vieira, Simone A., Vilanova, Emilio, Vos, Vincent A., Wang, Ophelia, Young, Kenneth R., Zagt, Roderick J., and Baker, Timothy R.

Abstract

Lineages tend to retain ecological characteristics of their ancestors through time. However, for some traits, selection during evolutionary history may have also played a role in determining trait values. To address the relative importance of these processes requires large-scale quantification of traits and evolutionary relationships among species. The Amazonian tree flora comprises a high diversity of angiosperm lineages and species with widely differing life-history characteristics, providing an excellent system to investigate the combined influences of evolutionary heritage and selection in determining trait variation. We used trait data related to the major axes of life-history variation among tropical trees (e.g. growth and mortality rates) from 577 inventory plots in closed-canopy forest, mapped onto a phylogenetic hypothesis spanning more than 300 genera including all major angiosperm clades to test for evolutionary constraints on traits. We found significant phylogenetic signal (PS) for all traits, consistent with evolutionarily related genera having more similar characteristics than expected by chance. Although there is also evidence for repeated evolution of pioneer and shade tolerant life-history strategies within independent lineages, the existence of significant PS allows clearer predictions of the links between evolutionary diversity, ecosystem function and the response of tropical forests to global change.

Full Text
View/download PDF

29. Estimating the global conservation status of more than 15,000 Amazonian tree species

Author

ter Steege, Hans, Pitman, Nigel C.A., Killeen, Timothy J., Laurance, William F., Peres, Carlos A., Guevara, Juan Ernesto, Salomão, Rafael P., Castilho, Carolina V., Amaral, Ieda, de Almeida Matos, Francisca Dionízia, de Souza Coelho, Luiz, Magnusson, William E., Phillips, Oliver L., de Andrade Lima Filho, Diogenes, de Jesus Veiga Carim, Marcelo, Irume, Mariana Victória, Martins, Maria Pires, Molino, Jean-François, Sabatier, Daniel, Wittmann, Florian, López, Dairon Cárdenas, da Silva Guimaraes, José Renan, Mendoza, Abel Monteagudo, Vargas, Percy Núñez, Manzatto, Angelo Gilberto, Reis, Neidiane Farias Costa, Terborgh, John, Casula, Karia Regina, Montero, Juan Carlos, Feldpausch, Ted R., Honorio Coronado, Eurídice N., Montoya, A.J.D., Zartman, Charles Eugene, Mostacedo, Bonifacio, Vasquez, Rodolfo, Assis, Rafael L., Medeiros, Marcelo Brilhante, Simon, Marcelo Fragomeni, Andrade, Ana, Camargo, José L.C., Laurance, Susan G.W., Nascimento, H.E.M., Marimon, Beatriz S., Marimon Junior, Ben Hur, Costa, Flávia R.C., Targhetta, Natalia, Vieira, Ima Célia Guimarães, Brienen, Roel J.W., Castellanos, Hernán, Duivenvoorden, Joost, Mogollon, Hugo, Piedade, Maria Teresa Fernandez, Aymard C., Gerardo A., Comiskey, James A., Damasco, Gabriel, Dávila, Nállarett, Garcia-Villacorta, Roosevelt, Diaz, Pablo Roberto Stevenson, Vincentini, Alberto, Emilio, Thaise, Levis, Carolina, Schietti, Juliana, Souza, Priscila, Alonso, Alfonso, Dallmeier, Francisco, Ferreira, Leandro, Neill, David, Araujo-Murakami, Alejandro, Arroyo, Luzmila, Carvalho, Fernanda Antunes, Souza, Fernanda Coelho, Amaral, Dário Dantas do, Gribel, Rogerio, Luize, Bruno Garcia, Pansonato, Marcelo Petrati, Venticinque, Eduardo, Fine, Paul, Toledo, Marisol, Baraloto, Christopher, Ceron, Carlos, Engel, Julian, Henkel, Terry W., Jimenez, Eliana M., Maas, P., Mora, Maria Cristina Peñuela, Petronelli, Pascal, Revilla, Juan David Cardenas, Silveira, Marcos, Stropp, Juliana, Thomas-Caesar, Raquel, Baker, Tim R., Daly, Doug, Paredes, Marcos Ríos, da Silva, Naara Ferreira, Fuentes, A., Jørgensen, Peter Møller, Schöngart, Jochen, Silman, Miles R., Arboleda, Nicolás Castaño, Cintra, Bruno Barçante Ladvocat, Valverde, Fernando Cornejo, Di Fiore, Anthony, Phillips, Juan, van Andel, Tinde R., von Hildebrand, P., Barbosa, E.M., de Matos Bonates, Luiz Carlos, de Castro, D., de Sousa Farias, E., Gonzales, Therany, Guillaumet, Jean-Louis, Hoffman, Bruce, Malhi, Yadvinder, de Andrade Miranda, Ires Paula, Prieto, Adriana, Rudas, Agustin, Ruschell, Ademir R., Silva, Natalino, Vela, Cesar, Vos, Vincent A., Zent, Eglée L., Zent, Stanford, Cano, Angela, Nascimento, Marcelo Trindade, Oliveira, Alexandre A., Ramirez-Angulo, Hirma, Ramos, José Ferreira, Sierra, Rodrigo, Tirado, Milton, Medina, Maria Natalia Umaña, van der Heijden, Geertje M.F., Torre, Emilio Vilanova, Vriesendorp, Corine, Wang, Ophelia, Young, Kenneth R., Baider, Claudia, Balslev, Henrik, de Castro, Natalia, Farfan-Rios, William, Ferreira, Cid, Mendoza, Casimiro, Mesones, Italo, Torres-Lezama, Armando, Giraldo, Ligia Estela Urrego, Villarroel, Daniel, Zagt, Roderick J., Alexiades, Miguel, Garcia-Cabrera, Karina, Hernandez, Lionel, Huamantupa-Chuquimaco, Isau, Milliken, William, Cuenca, Walter Palacios, Pansini, Susamar, Pauletto, Daniela, Arevalo, Freddy Ramirez, Sampaio, Adeilza Felipe, Valderrama Sandoval, Elvis H., Gamarra, Luis Valenzuela, ter Steege, Hans, Pitman, Nigel C.A., Killeen, Timothy J., Laurance, William F., Peres, Carlos A., Guevara, Juan Ernesto, Salomão, Rafael P., Castilho, Carolina V., Amaral, Ieda, de Almeida Matos, Francisca Dionízia, de Souza Coelho, Luiz, Magnusson, William E., Phillips, Oliver L., de Andrade Lima Filho, Diogenes, de Jesus Veiga Carim, Marcelo, Irume, Mariana Victória, Martins, Maria Pires, Molino, Jean-François, Sabatier, Daniel, Wittmann, Florian, López, Dairon Cárdenas, da Silva Guimaraes, José Renan, Mendoza, Abel Monteagudo, Vargas, Percy Núñez, Manzatto, Angelo Gilberto, Reis, Neidiane Farias Costa, Terborgh, John, Casula, Karia Regina, Montero, Juan Carlos, Feldpausch, Ted R., Honorio Coronado, Eurídice N., Montoya, A.J.D., Zartman, Charles Eugene, Mostacedo, Bonifacio, Vasquez, Rodolfo, Assis, Rafael L., Medeiros, Marcelo Brilhante, Simon, Marcelo Fragomeni, Andrade, Ana, Camargo, José L.C., Laurance, Susan G.W., Nascimento, H.E.M., Marimon, Beatriz S., Marimon Junior, Ben Hur, Costa, Flávia R.C., Targhetta, Natalia, Vieira, Ima Célia Guimarães, Brienen, Roel J.W., Castellanos, Hernán, Duivenvoorden, Joost, Mogollon, Hugo, Piedade, Maria Teresa Fernandez, Aymard C., Gerardo A., Comiskey, James A., Damasco, Gabriel, Dávila, Nállarett, Garcia-Villacorta, Roosevelt, Diaz, Pablo Roberto Stevenson, Vincentini, Alberto, Emilio, Thaise, Levis, Carolina, Schietti, Juliana, Souza, Priscila, Alonso, Alfonso, Dallmeier, Francisco, Ferreira, Leandro, Neill, David, Araujo-Murakami, Alejandro, Arroyo, Luzmila, Carvalho, Fernanda Antunes, Souza, Fernanda Coelho, Amaral, Dário Dantas do, Gribel, Rogerio, Luize, Bruno Garcia, Pansonato, Marcelo Petrati, Venticinque, Eduardo, Fine, Paul, Toledo, Marisol, Baraloto, Christopher, Ceron, Carlos, Engel, Julian, Henkel, Terry W., Jimenez, Eliana M., Maas, P., Mora, Maria Cristina Peñuela, Petronelli, Pascal, Revilla, Juan David Cardenas, Silveira, Marcos, Stropp, Juliana, Thomas-Caesar, Raquel, Baker, Tim R., Daly, Doug, Paredes, Marcos Ríos, da Silva, Naara Ferreira, Fuentes, A., Jørgensen, Peter Møller, Schöngart, Jochen, Silman, Miles R., Arboleda, Nicolás Castaño, Cintra, Bruno Barçante Ladvocat, Valverde, Fernando Cornejo, Di Fiore, Anthony, Phillips, Juan, van Andel, Tinde R., von Hildebrand, P., Barbosa, E.M., de Matos Bonates, Luiz Carlos, de Castro, D., de Sousa Farias, E., Gonzales, Therany, Guillaumet, Jean-Louis, Hoffman, Bruce, Malhi, Yadvinder, de Andrade Miranda, Ires Paula, Prieto, Adriana, Rudas, Agustin, Ruschell, Ademir R., Silva, Natalino, Vela, Cesar, Vos, Vincent A., Zent, Eglée L., Zent, Stanford, Cano, Angela, Nascimento, Marcelo Trindade, Oliveira, Alexandre A., Ramirez-Angulo, Hirma, Ramos, José Ferreira, Sierra, Rodrigo, Tirado, Milton, Medina, Maria Natalia Umaña, van der Heijden, Geertje M.F., Torre, Emilio Vilanova, Vriesendorp, Corine, Wang, Ophelia, Young, Kenneth R., Baider, Claudia, Balslev, Henrik, de Castro, Natalia, Farfan-Rios, William, Ferreira, Cid, Mendoza, Casimiro, Mesones, Italo, Torres-Lezama, Armando, Giraldo, Ligia Estela Urrego, Villarroel, Daniel, Zagt, Roderick J., Alexiades, Miguel, Garcia-Cabrera, Karina, Hernandez, Lionel, Huamantupa-Chuquimaco, Isau, Milliken, William, Cuenca, Walter Palacios, Pansini, Susamar, Pauletto, Daniela, Arevalo, Freddy Ramirez, Sampaio, Adeilza Felipe, Valderrama Sandoval, Elvis H., and Gamarra, Luis Valenzuela

Abstract

Estimates of extinction risk for Amazonian plant and animal species are rare and not often incorporated into land-use policy and conservation planning. We overlay spatial distribution models with historical and projected deforestation to show that at least 36% and up to 57% of all Amazonian tree species are likely to qualify as globally threatened under International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List criteria. If confirmed, these results would increase the number of threatened plant species on Earth by 22%. We show that the trends observed in Amazonia apply to trees throughout the tropics, and we predict thatmost of the world’s >40,000 tropical tree species now qualify as globally threatened. A gap analysis suggests that existing Amazonian protected areas and indigenous territories will protect viable populations of most threatened species if these areas suffer no further degradation, highlighting the key roles that protected areas, indigenous peoples, and improved governance can play in preventing large-scale extinctions in the tropics in this century.

Full Text
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30. Evolutionary heritage influences Amazon tree ecology

Author

Coelho de Souza, Fernanda, Dexter, Kyle G., Phillips, Oliver L., Brienen, Roel J.W., Chave, Jerome, Galbraith, David R., Lopez Gonzalez, Gabriela, Monteagudo Mendoza, Abel, Pennington, R. Toby, Poorter, Lourens, Alexiades, Miguel, Álvarez-Dávila, Esteban, Andrade, Ana, Aragão, Luis E.O.C., Araujo-Murakami, Alejandro, Arets, Eric J.M.M., Aymard C, Gerardo A., Baraloto, Christopher, Barroso, Jorcely G., Bonal, Damien, Boot, Rene G.A., Camargo, José L.C., Comiskey, James A., Valverde, Fernando Cornejo, de Camargo, Plínio B., Di Fiore, Anthony, Elias, Fernando, Erwin, Terry L., Feldpausch, Ted R., Ferreira, Leandro, Fyllas, Nikolaos M., Gloor, Emanuel, Herault, Bruno, Herrera, Rafael, Higuchi, Niro, Honorio Coronado, Eurídice N., Killeen, Timothy J., Laurance, William F., Laurance, Susan, Lloyd, Jon, Lovejoy, Thomas E., Malhi, Yadvinder, Maracahipes, Leandro, Marimon, Beatriz S., Marimon-Junior, Ben H., Mendoza, Casimiro, Morandi, Paulo, Neill, David A., Vargas, Percy Núñez, Oliveira, Edmar A., Lenza, Eddie, Palacios, Walter A., Peñuela-Mora, Maria C., Pipoly, John J., Pitman, Nigel C.A., Prieto, Adriana, Quesada, Carlos A., Ramirez-Angulo, Hirma, Rudas, Agustin, Ruokolainen, Kalle, Salomão, Rafael P., Silveira, Marcos, Stropp, Juliana, ter Steege, Hans, Thomas-Caesar, Raquel, van der Hout, Peter, van der Heijden, Geertje M.F., van der Meer, Peter J., Vasquez, Rodolfo V., Vieira, Simone A., Vilanova, Emilio, Vos, Vincent A., Wang, Ophelia, Young, Kenneth R., Zagt, Roderick J., Baker, Timothy R., Coelho de Souza, Fernanda, Dexter, Kyle G., Phillips, Oliver L., Brienen, Roel J.W., Chave, Jerome, Galbraith, David R., Lopez Gonzalez, Gabriela, Monteagudo Mendoza, Abel, Pennington, R. Toby, Poorter, Lourens, Alexiades, Miguel, Álvarez-Dávila, Esteban, Andrade, Ana, Aragão, Luis E.O.C., Araujo-Murakami, Alejandro, Arets, Eric J.M.M., Aymard C, Gerardo A., Baraloto, Christopher, Barroso, Jorcely G., Bonal, Damien, Boot, Rene G.A., Camargo, José L.C., Comiskey, James A., Valverde, Fernando Cornejo, de Camargo, Plínio B., Di Fiore, Anthony, Elias, Fernando, Erwin, Terry L., Feldpausch, Ted R., Ferreira, Leandro, Fyllas, Nikolaos M., Gloor, Emanuel, Herault, Bruno, Herrera, Rafael, Higuchi, Niro, Honorio Coronado, Eurídice N., Killeen, Timothy J., Laurance, William F., Laurance, Susan, Lloyd, Jon, Lovejoy, Thomas E., Malhi, Yadvinder, Maracahipes, Leandro, Marimon, Beatriz S., Marimon-Junior, Ben H., Mendoza, Casimiro, Morandi, Paulo, Neill, David A., Vargas, Percy Núñez, Oliveira, Edmar A., Lenza, Eddie, Palacios, Walter A., Peñuela-Mora, Maria C., Pipoly, John J., Pitman, Nigel C.A., Prieto, Adriana, Quesada, Carlos A., Ramirez-Angulo, Hirma, Rudas, Agustin, Ruokolainen, Kalle, Salomão, Rafael P., Silveira, Marcos, Stropp, Juliana, ter Steege, Hans, Thomas-Caesar, Raquel, van der Hout, Peter, van der Heijden, Geertje M.F., van der Meer, Peter J., Vasquez, Rodolfo V., Vieira, Simone A., Vilanova, Emilio, Vos, Vincent A., Wang, Ophelia, Young, Kenneth R., Zagt, Roderick J., and Baker, Timothy R.

Abstract

Lineages tend to retain ecological characteristics of their ancestors through time. However, for some traits, selection during evolutionary history may have also played a role in determining trait values. To address the relative importance of these processes requires large-scale quantification of traits and evolutionary relationships among species. The Amazonian tree flora comprises a high diversity of angiosperm lineages and species with widely differing life-history characteristics, providing an excellent system to investigate the combined influences of evolutionary heritage and selection in determining trait variation. We used trait data related to the major axes of life-history variation among tropical trees (e.g. growth and mortality rates) from 577 inventory plots in closed-canopy forest, mapped onto a phylogenetic hypothesis spanning more than 300 genera including all major angiosperm clades to test for evolutionary constraints on traits. We found significant phylogenetic signal (PS) for all traits, consistent with evolutionarily related genera having more similar characteristics than expected by chance. Although there is also evidence for repeated evolution of pioneer and shade tolerant life-history strategies within independent lineages, the existence of significant PS allows clearer predictions of the links between evolutionary diversity, ecosystem function and the response of tropical forests to global change.

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31. Evolutionary heritage influences Amazon tree ecology.

Author

Coelho de Souza F, Dexter KG, Phillips OL, Brienen RJ, Chave J, Galbraith DR, Lopez Gonzalez G, Monteagudo Mendoza A, Pennington RT, Poorter L, Alexiades M, Álvarez-Dávila E, Andrade A, Aragão LE, Araujo-Murakami A, Arets EJ, Aymard C GA, Baraloto C, Barroso JG, Bonal D, Boot RG, Camargo JL, Comiskey JA, Valverde FC, de Camargo PB, Di Fiore A, Elias F, Erwin TL, Feldpausch TR, Ferreira L, Fyllas NM, Gloor E, Herault B, Herrera R, Higuchi N, Honorio Coronado EN, Killeen TJ, Laurance WF, Laurance S, Lloyd J, Lovejoy TE, Malhi Y, Maracahipes L, Marimon BS, Marimon-Junior BH, Mendoza C, Morandi P, Neill DA, Vargas PN, Oliveira EA, Lenza E, Palacios WA, Peñuela-Mora MC, Pipoly JJ 3rd, Pitman NC, Prieto A, Quesada CA, Ramirez-Angulo H, Rudas A, Ruokolainen K, Salomão RP, Silveira M, Stropp J, Ter Steege H, Thomas-Caesar R, van der Hout P, van der Heijden GM, van der Meer PJ, Vasquez RV, Vieira SA, Vilanova E, Vos VA, Wang O, Young KR, Zagt RJ, and Baker TR

Subjects
Biological Evolution, Ecology, South America, Forests, Phylogeny, Trees classification, Tropical Climate
Abstract

Lineages tend to retain ecological characteristics of their ancestors through time. However, for some traits, selection during evolutionary history may have also played a role in determining trait values. To address the relative importance of these processes requires large-scale quantification of traits and evolutionary relationships among species. The Amazonian tree flora comprises a high diversity of angiosperm lineages and species with widely differing life-history characteristics, providing an excellent system to investigate the combined influences of evolutionary heritage and selection in determining trait variation. We used trait data related to the major axes of life-history variation among tropical trees (e.g. growth and mortality rates) from 577 inventory plots in closed-canopy forest, mapped onto a phylogenetic hypothesis spanning more than 300 genera including all major angiosperm clades to test for evolutionary constraints on traits. We found significant phylogenetic signal (PS) for all traits, consistent with evolutionarily related genera having more similar characteristics than expected by chance. Although there is also evidence for repeated evolution of pioneer and shade tolerant life-history strategies within independent lineages, the existence of significant PS allows clearer predictions of the links between evolutionary diversity, ecosystem function and the response of tropical forests to global change., (© 2016 The Authors.)

Published
2016
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32. Variation in stem mortality rates determines patterns of above-ground biomass in Amazonian forests: implications for dynamic global vegetation models.

Author

Johnson MO, Galbraith D, Gloor M, De Deurwaerder H, Guimberteau M, Rammig A, Thonicke K, Verbeeck H, von Randow C, Monteagudo A, Phillips OL, Brienen RJ, Feldpausch TR, Lopez Gonzalez G, Fauset S, Quesada CA, Christoffersen B, Ciais P, Sampaio G, Kruijt B, Meir P, Moorcroft P, Zhang K, Alvarez-Davila E, Alves de Oliveira A, Amaral I, Andrade A, Aragao LE, Araujo-Murakami A, Arets EJ, Arroyo L, Aymard GA, Baraloto C, Barroso J, Bonal D, Boot R, Camargo J, Chave J, Cogollo A, Cornejo Valverde F, Lola da Costa AC, Di Fiore A, Ferreira L, Higuchi N, Honorio EN, Killeen TJ, Laurance SG, Laurance WF, Licona J, Lovejoy T, Malhi Y, Marimon B, Marimon BH Junior, Matos DC, Mendoza C, Neill DA, Pardo G, Peña-Claros M, Pitman NC, Poorter L, Prieto A, Ramirez-Angulo H, Roopsind A, Rudas A, Salomao RP, Silveira M, Stropp J, Ter Steege H, Terborgh J, Thomas R, Toledo M, Torres-Lezama A, van der Heijden GM, Vasquez R, Guimarães Vieira IC, Vilanova E, Vos VA, and Baker TR

Subjects
South America, Biomass, Forests, Models, Theoretical, Trees growth & development, Tropical Climate
Abstract

Understanding the processes that determine above-ground biomass (AGB) in Amazonian forests is important for predicting the sensitivity of these ecosystems to environmental change and for designing and evaluating dynamic global vegetation models (DGVMs). AGB is determined by inputs from woody productivity [woody net primary productivity (NPP)] and the rate at which carbon is lost through tree mortality. Here, we test whether two direct metrics of tree mortality (the absolute rate of woody biomass loss and the rate of stem mortality) and/or woody NPP, control variation in AGB among 167 plots in intact forest across Amazonia. We then compare these relationships and the observed variation in AGB and woody NPP with the predictions of four DGVMs. The observations show that stem mortality rates, rather than absolute rates of woody biomass loss, are the most important predictor of AGB, which is consistent with the importance of stand size structure for determining spatial variation in AGB. The relationship between stem mortality rates and AGB varies among different regions of Amazonia, indicating that variation in wood density and height/diameter relationships also influences AGB. In contrast to previous findings, we find that woody NPP is not correlated with stem mortality rates and is weakly positively correlated with AGB. Across the four models, basin-wide average AGB is similar to the mean of the observations. However, the models consistently overestimate woody NPP and poorly represent the spatial patterns of both AGB and woody NPP estimated using plot data. In marked contrast to the observations, DGVMs typically show strong positive relationships between woody NPP and AGB. Resolving these differences will require incorporating forest size structure, mechanistic models of stem mortality and variation in functional composition in DGVMs., (© 2016 The Authors. Global Change Biology Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Published
2016
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