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Ge W, Wang D, Chuang CC, et al. Clinicoecon Outcomes Res. 2022;14:691–697. Following a review of the paper post-publication, the authors realized there were a few errors that were missed when the paper was revised before publication. Page 691, Abstract, Results section, line one, the text “Of 6311 patients” should read “Of 6113 patients”. Page 691, Abstract, Results section, line two, the text “and 37.1% had asthma” should read “and 37.2% had asthma”. Page 693, Results section, line one, the text “A total of 6311 eligible patients” should read “A total of 6113 eligible patients”. Page 693, Results, Demographic and Clinical Characteristics section, line three, the text “37.1% of patients” should read “37.2% of patients”. Page 693, Figure 2, the sample size has been corrected, the correct Figure is as follows. Figure 2 Patient selection. Page 694, Table 1, Key comorbidities at baseline, n (%) section, Asthma/All Patients with NP Surgery (N=6113) data point, the text “2271 (37.1)” should be “2271 (37.2)”. See updated Table 1 below. Page 694, Costs and Outcomes section, line four, the text “were $15,174 (10,998) for first surgery and $15,511 (16,767) for repeat surgery” should read “were $15,361 (11,133) for first surgery and $15,703 (16,974) for repeat surgery”. Page 694, Costs and Outcomes section, line seven, the text “and 14/719 (2.0%) with repeat surgery” should read “and 14/719 (1.9%) with repeat surgery”. Page 695, Table 2, Complications within 30 days after index, n (%) section, Any major complication/NP Surgery within Previous 3 Years – Yes data point “14 (2.0)” should read “14 (1.9)”. See updated Table 2 below. Page 695, Table 3, the section heading “Total medical costs (including cost of NP surgery) within 10 days after” should read “Total medical costs (including cost of NP surgery) within 10 days after index”. See updated Table 3 below. Page 696, second paragraph, lines three and four, the text “in patients receiving revision surgery [2.0%]” should read “in patients receiving revision surgery [1.9%]”. The authors affirm that these errors do not affect the results, discussion, and conclusions of the reported study and apologize for any inconvenience caused to the readers. Table 1 Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Patients with NP Surgery Table 2 Costs and Rate of Major Complications After Index NP Surgery* Table 3 Costs After Index NP Surgery in Patients with and without Major Complications

Wenzhen Ge,1 Degang Wang,1 Chien-Chia Chuang,2 Yongtao Li,3 Raj Rout,4 Shahid Siddiqui,1 Siddhesh Kamat1 1Health Economics and Outcomes Research, Medical Affairs, Regeneron, Tarrytown, NY, USA; 2Global Health Economics and Value Assessment, Sanofi, Cambridge, MA, USA; 3Global Medical Affairs, Sanofi, Bridgewater, NJ, USA; 4Global Medical Affairs, Sanofi, Reading, UKCorrespondence: Siddhesh Kamat, Email siddhesh.kamat@regeneron.comBackground: Endoscopic nasal polyp (NP) surgery is a treatment option for patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). Previous studies report NP surgery costs of $8000– 13,000 and risk of major complications of NP surgery of ~0.1– 1%. Limited contemporary data for costs and complications associated with NP surgery in US clinical practice are available.Methods: IQVIA PharMetrics Plus claims data were used to identify patients with NP surgery in 2019 with ≥ 3 years continuous baseline health-plan enrollment prior to index date (date of first eligible NP surgery) and ≥ 30 days continuous enrollment after index (follow-up). In this descriptive analysis, total costs of NP surgery were estimated as all medical costs on the index date (or during the entire hospital stay for patients who received surgery in the inpatient setting). Total medical costs (all-cause) were estimated for all medical services occurring from the index date to the index date +9 or +29 days (10-day and 30-day). Major complication was defined as cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak, orbital injury, or major hemorrhage within 30 days of index.Results: Of 6311 patients, median age was 46 years (interquartile range: 34– 56); 59.7% were male; 88.2% had no NP surgery in the prior 3 years; 63.7% had allergic rhinitis, and 37.1% had asthma. Mean (SD) total medical cost of surgery was $14,697 (11,679) and mean (SD) 10-day total medical cost was $15,401 (11,968). Major complications occurred in 102 (1.7%) patients. Total medical costs and 10-day costs were higher in patients with major complications than those without ($23,605 [19,264] vs $15,251 [11,741]).Conclusion: In this descriptive analysis, NP surgery costs and rates of major surgical complications were updated using recent real-world data in the US. Results indicated that NP surgery complication rates were numerically higher than previously reported.Keywords: chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps, nasal polyp surgery, real-world, complications, costs

Richard DA Hudson,1 Mahreen Ameen,2 Susannah MC George,3 Catherine A Harwood,4,5 Richard B Weller,6,7 John T Lear,8,9 Rajesh Rout,1 Thishi Surendranathan,1 Milos Petrovic,1 Anthony P Bewley4 1Sanofi, Berkshire, UK; 2Royal Free NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; 3University Hospitals Sussex NHS Foundation Trust, Brighton, UK; 4Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK; 5QMUL, London, UK; 6NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, UK; 7University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; 8Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Salford, UK; 9Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester University, Manchester, UKCorrespondence: Richard DA Hudson, Sanofi, 410 Thames Valley Park Drive, Reading, Berkshire, RG6 1PT, UK, Email richard.hudson@sanofi.comBackground: Whilst there is international evidence around the high healthcare resource utilization (HRU) associated with atopic dermatitis (AD), there is a lack of published data from the United Kingdom (UK).Methods: A retrospective, descriptive, observational study was conducted to evaluate the burden of moderate-to-severe AD on the National Health Service (NHS) in an adult UK population treated with traditional standard of care prior to the introduction of biologics. Patients (n=59) were recruited from 6 UK NHS Hospital Trusts and observed over three years.Results: 707 dermatology clinic visits were recorded over the observation period, amounting to 6.6 visits per patient-year, most commonly for routine check-ups most of which involved dermatology consultants (n=469, 66%). Physicians were the most consulted healthcare professional (n=652, 92%); emollients were the most common treatment (n=80 courses). 174 flares requiring additional medical advice were recorded in total (1.6 per patient-year).Discussion/Conclusions: Complex treatment pathways for adult patients in the UK with moderate-to-severe AD incur considerable HRU, particularly for those patients non-responsive to systemic therapies with broad immunosuppressant action. Recent advances in biologics-based AD management could possibly have a significant positive impact on HRU through significant reduction in the number of NHS touch points identified in this study.Keywords: atopic dermatitis, healthcare resource use, observational study

The primary causes of low sesame production are a lack of high-yielding varieties, an inability to adjust to environmental challenges, and a poor response to enhanced crop management. The potential for improving sesame has been investigated using a variety of breeding approaches, including mutation and recombination breeding; however, these methods have only produced a minor increase in productivity. Recombination and mutant breeding have recently been proposed as novel, cutting-edge approaches to overcome the limitations of conventional breeding practices. This study was conducted to assess the recurrent mutagenesis efficacy of sesame crosses, followed by the isolation and evaluation of superior breeding lines that could be released as varieties in the future. In the F4M4 generation, the populations were grown in a randomized block design (RBD), and the efficacy of recurrent mutagenesis was assessed in terms of variability parameters such as the mean, standard deviation, and coefficient of variation. During the F5M5 generation, the materials were grown in three separate trials in Compact Family Block Design to evaluate the between-family and within-family variations, followed by the isolation of improved breeding lines based on per se performance. The improved breeding lines were further advanced to the F6M6 generation for evaluation in three separate trials in an RBD. In the F6M6 generation, ANOVA, correlation, regression, path coefficient, and Mahalanobis’s D 2 analysis were computed, followed by the construction of selection indices to select superior lines. The results showed the importance of three or four EMS treatment cycles for sesame improvement in the F4M4 generation. Twenty of the top lines based on per se performance (with a selection intensity of 27%) from each category in the F5M5 generation were carried forward to the F6M6 generation. In the F6M6 generation, the top six breeding lines (with a selection intensity of 30%) from each category, for a total of 18 breeding lines, were chosen based on these index scores. These high-yielding micromutant lines could be subsequently released as varieties through multiplication trials with standard checks. After a thorough evaluation, these lines have the potential to replace the current varieties and increase production, productivity, and adoption of sesame in India.

Deposition of the 222Rn (radon) and 220Rn (thoron) progeny on surfaces is one of the important processes that reduces the progeny activity concentration and hence inhalation dose in the indoor as well as occupational environment. Deposition of 222Rn/220Rn progeny on surfaces is characterized by the term effective deposition velocity ( V e ) which is highly influenced by parameters like air velocity, aerosol concentration (Z) and Relative Humidity (RH) etc. prevailing in any real indoor or occupational environment. In the present study, behavior of V e of both 222Rn and 220Rn progeny for varying environmental conditions were studied by simulating these conditions in an 8 m3 calibration chamber. It was observed that both 222Rn and 220Rn progeny behave in a similar manner with respect to the environmental parameters. With increase in air velocity, V e of both 222Rn and 220Rn progeny was found to be increased, whereas, with increase in Z and RH, V e was observed to be decreased. The experimentally obtained values of V e were compared against the theoretical model calculation which showed good agreement. Measurement of V e was also carried out in an occupational environment with varying humidity conditions and was found to agree well with the theoretical as well as the experimental values of V e in controlled calibration chamber. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ni-Co/Mg(Al)O catalysts with different Ni-Co ratios (40-0, 30-10, 20-20, 10-30 and 0-40 wt%) have been tested for steam reforming of hydrocarbon impurities in a model biomass gasification syngas at relevant operating conditions. Effects of tar model (toluene) presence on catalyst deactivation and coke formation were studied. The fresh samples were characterized by ICP-MS, XRD, TPR, N2-physisorption and H2-chemisorption. The coke formation was studied by TGA-TPO, Raman spectroscopy and SEM/EDS. Efficient formation of Ni-Co alloy particles was confirmed by XRD and SEM/EDS. The Ni-Co/Mg(Al)O system shows high steam reforming activity with complete model tar removal. Simultaneous high-temperature H2/CO ratio adjustment by effective equilibration of the WGS reaction was demonstrated. Initial Co addition was proposed to reduce the formation of strongly deactivating encapsulating coke species by efficient removal of coke precursors at the expense of enhanced carbon filament formation. Lower Ni-Co ratios were shown to effectively reduce deactivation and coke formation at the expense of the higher initial activity of the high Ni-Co ratio system. Restructuring of extensive carbon filament clusters was proposed as an additional route to encapsulating coke species with potential longterm deactivation effects. The Ni-Co ratio was shown to affect the carbon filament formation rates and filament diameter distributions. The effects on coke formation were proposed to depend on complex interactions of metal particle size and Ni-Co alloy ratio. The results contribute to the understanding of the highly attractive resistance towards deactivation by coke formation of Ni-Co catalyst systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND Dupilumab, a monoclonal antibody against interleukin (IL)-4 receptor alpha that inhibits IL-4/IL-13 signalling is indicated in dermatology for the treatment of moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD) in adult and adolescent patients 12 years and older and severe AD in children 6-11 years, who are candidates for systemic therapy. Dupilumab received Early Access to Medicines Scheme (EAMS) approval for adults in March 2017. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy outcomes of treatment with dupilumab in EAMS. METHODS A retrospective analysis of adult patients enrolled in the dupilumab EAMS in the UK. Scores were assessed at baseline and follow up, including the Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI), Investigator's Global Assessment Score (IGA) and Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI). RESULTS Data were available for 57 adult patients treated with dupilumab for at least 12 weeks; 73.6% of patients had received prior treatment with 3 or 4 immunosuppressants. Baseline scores for the EASI and DLQI were 27.93 (standard deviation, SD 13.09) and 18.26 (SD 6.18) respectively. AD severity scores showed statistically significant improvement at week 16+4 weeks (p <0.001 for all). The mean change in EASI was 14.13 points with 66.7% and 36.7% achieving a 50% (EASI-50) and 75% (EASI-75) improvement in EASI, respectively at 16+/- 4 weeks. IGA scores improved by at least two categories for 75% patients. DLQI scores decreased by a mean of 9.0 points, with 80% patients demonstrating a MCID 4-point improvement. For 85% patients, clinicians rated the treatment response as being either 'better' (19%) or 'much better' (65%). CONCLUSIONS Dupilumab is associated with a significant and clinically relevant improvements in AD as measured by patient- and physician-reported outcome measures. Importantly, the clinical efficacy, despite the refractory disease of this EAMS cohort, is comparable to that previously reported in clinical trials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Aims: Depression accounts for the greatest burden of all mental health problems, and is expected to become the second-highest among all health problems by 2020. Postpartum depression (PPD) is a major public health problem with a peak incidence at 4-6 weeks postpartum, affecting 22% of women within a year of childbirth in India. It has an impact on the mother, her partner, the family, mother-baby bonding and the long-term emotional and cognitive development of the baby. The aim of the study was to: 1.To find out the prevalence of depression among women during the postpartum period 2.To identify the factors associated with depressive symptoms among them. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in an urban slum of Bhubaneswar from July 2017 to January 2018, among a sample of 60 postnatal mothers who had delivered in the last six months; selected by simple random sampling technique. Edinburgh Postnatal depression scale (EPDS) was used to identify mothers at risk of postnatal depression. A score of ≥13 was considered as positive for depressive symptoms. Results: The prevalence of PPD was found to be 8.57%. Religion was found to be a statistically significant factor associated with PPD. Other factors like literacy status, socio-economic status, high parity, sex of the newborn, mode of delivery were also found to have an association with PPD. Conclusion: This study identified certain socio-demographic and obstetric risk factors for postnatal depressive symptoms in a community setting of an urban slum; screening of risk factors will help in designing preventive strategies for identifying PPD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An investigation on the soft x rays emitted in a 2.2 kJ Mather-type dense plasma focus device using a multichannel diode spectrometer and a simple pinhole camera is reported. Emitted x rays associated with different shapes (hollow, solid, and hemispherical) of anode and in hydrogen/nitrogen gas medium are compared. The structure of x-ray emitting sites as well as x-ray yields were found to be strongly influenced by the shape of the anode and the filling gas pressure. The maximum yield of 2.2 J into 4π sr was obtained in the case of hemispherical anode in hydrogen gas medium. The x-ray pinhole images of the collapsed plasma with the hemispherical anode indicated spot-like structure having 500–800 μm in diameter. On the contrary, other anode shapes showed columnar pinched structure of 8–10 mm in length and 1–2 mm in diameter. Results indicated that an appropriate design of the anode could enhance the x-ray yield by more than tenfold in a conventional low energy dense plasma focus device. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]