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Self-catheterisation (CIsC) is the gold standard treatment for bladder emptying disorders. A frequent complaint of patients undergoing CIsC is urinary tract infection (UTI). However, the epidemiology of UTIs remains poorly documented, particularly in the urological population. The aim of our study was to establish the epidemiology of infectious complications of CIsC.

Humans and other living organisms harbor disease-causing pathogenic microorganisms. These microorganisms are often transmitted through physical contact with contaminated objects, such as food, water, or other people. While some theoretical and empirical research examines the ontogeny of contamination and contagion beliefs, cross-cultural research on this topic is limited. To help remedy this paucity of data, we conducted an ethnobiological study of contagion and contamination beliefs among Maasai children (n = 42) in the Simanjiro district, Tanzania. Participants include 36 middle-aged schoolchildren and six four-year-olds. We contrast the children's beliefs with those of 12 local adults. To measure children's views of contagion and contamination, we developed sentence-framed yes/no elicitation tasks using three different stimuli—a fly, a cough, and a cough from someone with respiratory symptoms. Qualitative semi-structured interviews were conducted to further understand children's ethnotheories of contamination and contagion. Children generally reported that coughs and flies are directly contaminating, whereas they offered mixed results for associational and indirect contamination. Children discussed time, psychological contagion, saliva, wind, and the supernatural/natural as key elements to their beliefs, reasons, and personal actions taken to minimize contamination/contagion risk. We found education to be significantly positively correlated with children reporting that flies and coughs were directly contaminating, while age had no effect. Although children were more likely than adults to associate flies with contamination, their general belief pattern differs little from adults. Local cultural-ecological factors and explanatory models of disease, as well as formal religious and education institutions, shape Maasai children's ethnobiological beliefs of contagions and contamination.

Congo Basin hunter-gatherers have used cannabis for nearly two centuries, yet ethnographic descriptions of its use are rare or contradictory. We present the results of two projects investigating cannabis use among Congo Basin hunter-gatherers. The first study, conducted in the 1970s, was a survey of cannabis use in three populations: Efe archers, Mbuti net-hunters, and Aka net-hunters. The second study, conducted in 2011, was an in-depth biocultural study of cannabis use among one of these groups, the Aka. Methods varied between the studies, but the integration of results from both studies provide insights into: a) common features of Congo Basin hunter-gatherer cannabis use across time and space; b) cross-cultural and intracultural diversity in use; and, c) factors influencing changes in use over time. Compared to typical cannabis research populations in Western, developed countries, cannabis use among Congo Basin hunter-gatherers involves extensive sharing, such as communal smoking, absence of gender or age proscriptions, perceived performance enhancing effects, and labor-for-cannabis exchanges with neighboring villagers. Cannabis was sometimes the first or the only plant that Congo hunter-gatherers domesticated. Consistent with cross-national studies of cannabis use, Congo Basin hunter-gatherer cannabis users were typically male, often adolescent or young adult, and (among Aka in 2011) had less material wealth than non-users. Aka cannabis users also had fewer intestinal parasites. Finally, cannabis use varied across time and space both within and between the three groups in ways that reflect differences in the demographic, cultural, and historical features of the populations, especially degree of sedentarization and market integration.

Subsistence horticulturalists learn considerable local ecological knowledge by early adulthood. We investigate the relationship between children's family environments and learning of their plant environment. In a rural village in Dominica, West Indies, children of ages four through 17 (N = 51) participated in a “plant trail” along a route containing 50 core local plants marked for identification. Plants in question resulted from village adults’ freelists on members of local plant domains found via nominal group technique (i.e., trees, staple foods, vegetables, condiments, medicines, and ornamentals). Individual children's ethnobotanical knowledge was assessed through proper plant identification with a local term. Findings indicate that children learn botanical domains differentially. They identify trees and staple crop plants early in life. As they develop, they learn other plant domains, and trees and staples decrease in proportion to total ethnobotanical knowledge. Boys retain a larger proportion of tree knowledge, as tree care is part of the masculine labor division. Children's, especially girls’, proportion of medicinal plant knowledge grows steadily into adulthood. As predicted, children with homes in extended family compounds demonstrate more ethnobotanical knowledge than children whose neighbors are not close kin. Contrary to predictions, a father's presence in the household is not an indicator of the children's plant identification ability. Having younger siblings predicts learning more plants. Trees form a smaller proportion of total plant knowledge for family-compound-living children and those with lower birth order, who tend to have greater overall ethnobotanical knowledge. Ethnobotanical learning relates to gender, birth order, and extended kin access.

Rapporter l’expérience d’un centre hospitalo-universitaire de la neuromodulation sacrée pour les patients ayant des troubles de vidange vésicale.

The map at right showsthe most commonmisspelling of everystate by its residents;the ones misspelled themost are shown in darkgreen. News & Trends GEOGRAPHY Ever struggle to spellthe name of your state? To come up withthe data, researchersanalyzed Google trendsto find out how manylocals searched for "Howto spell" and the state'sname in the past year. [Extracted from the article]

SOURCE: UFI 1 in 2 millionODDS of twins being born in separate yearsin the U.S. A California woman gave birth toone twin at 11:45 p.m. on December 31, 2021,and the other at midnight on January 1, 2022.SOURCE: LOS ANGELES TIMES $490,000AMOUNT a rare copy of thefirst Incredible Hulk comic,from 1962, sold for in January.In it, the superhero is depictedin his original gray, instead ofhis now-signature green. News & Trends 76 yearsAGE of a World War II soldier's letterthat was finally delivered to his widow inMassachusetts this winter. The letter was sentfrom Germany in 1945. [Extracted from the article]

For the first time, visitors from around the world canvirtually visit the birthplace of democracy, the ancient siteof Olympia, and experience history firsthand." Microsoftand the Greek government have partnered to digitallypreserve the city of Olympia--the original home of theOlympic Games--so anyone can virtually experience howit looked in its heyday more than 2,000 years ago. Usingexhaustive archaeological research and thousands ofcurrent photos, experts were able to re-create 27 ancientmonuments in painstaking detail, including the OlympicStadium and the temples of Zeus and Hera. [Extracted from the article]

Scientists willthen measure how the asteroid's trajectory changes. News & Trends SPACE Despite the Hollywood doomsday scenarios,the odds of an asteroid hitting Earthand doing major damage anytime soon areslim, experts say. In November, NASAlaunched a refrigerator-sized spacecraft that willslam into a small asteroid called Dimorphos at15,000 miles per hour this fall. [Extracted from the article]

Presents the short story "Gestural Drawing," by Mary Roulette.