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Copyright of Rehabilitation & Physical Medicine / Rehabilitace a Fyzikální Lékařství is the property of Czech Medical Association of JE Purkyne and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Swallowing disorders in patients after resection of tumors in oropharyngeal region are very frequent postoperative or postirradiation problems of these patients. They can pose a life threatening problem in these patients especially due to the risk dehydration, malnutrition or aspiration bronchopneumonia. In other cases it can bring about a discomfort with decreased quality of their lives. The article briefly surveys basic therapeutic procedures, which can be applied in these patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Log-term disorders of swallowing in patients after resection surgery in oropharyngeal region and subsequent radiotherapy or chemotherapy are encountered in about 50% of patients (7). The aim of this article is to provide a comprehensive view of the possibilities of their examination and rehabilitation. Due to the fact that majority of extensive resections in this region is performed for malignant neoplasms, this article is focused mainly on the specifics of rehabilitation of this spectrum of patients and the possibility of affecting the effects of radiotherapy. The most frequent causes of swallowing disorders after surgery in the oropharyngeal region lie in the absence of resected parts of the swallowing tract, disorders of innervation in perioperative damage to nervous nerve supply, transposition of individual parts f the swallowing tract with subsequent change of their function, consequences of postoperative cicatrices or post-irradiation changes. The controversial causes of swallowing disorders include tracheostomy cannula. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In our previous study we proposed a screening approach using ultra-high performance supercritical fluid chromatography for the determination of 10 pharmaceutical quality control mixtures. Most of resulting methods offered baseline separation of all analytes. However, some of these methods had to be further optimized to ensure their successful validation and applicability to impurity control in drug substance and drug products. Several challenges occurred during the optimization including: (i) the necessity of the resolution of active pharmaceutical ingredient and following impurity equaling at least 3, which was especially difficult to achieve for mixtures of structurally close compounds, (ii) unrepeatable elution of compounds eluting close to the dead volume or at the end of the gradient elution, and (iii) shifts in retention times due to the column aging and effects of additive. The most frequent optimization adjustments involved changes in gradient program. Other adjustments such as the substitution of Viridis UPC 2 HSS C18 SB column with a slightly different Acquity UPLC HSS C18 SB column, the addition of acetonitrile in the modifier, and the column coupling also led to beneficial changes in selectivity. Subsequently, validation of all 10 methods was carried out to prove the applicability of ultra-high performance supercritical fluid chromatography methods for the impurity control in pharmaceuticals. Parameters recommended by ICH guidelines Q2 and Q3 including specificity, linearity, range, lower and upper limit of quantification, limit of detection, accuracy, and precision were examined. In addition, intermediate precision and the accuracy profiles were determined for selected methods. Overall, only two impurities did not meet the validation criteria due to low resolution and low sensitivity, respectively. Only identification threshold and not reporting threshold was met for this impurity., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)