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This paper examines the global diffusion patterns of over 1000 ports' container traffic from 2013 to 2022 to understand port influence dominance. Based on an influence maximization model of direct and indirect diffusion paths, it shows that two ports, Rotterdam and Singapore, consistently exert a disproportionate influence on other ports capturing the Matthew effect which proposes that influence begets influence. Initial advantage in capturing the global transshipment networks enabled both ports to widen and strengthen their influence with time. Despite their lead, Busan's rise indicates it is possible to catch up. However, the paper also found a reversed Matthew effect for Hamburg and Zhoushan indicating that initial advantage can vaporize if not sustained. The findings imply that ports' early capacity to capture the global transshipment market can lead to sustained advantage but such advantage can also be developed over time if port managers pay attention to indirect paths of capturing the global container market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reports on our ongoing experiences of using co‐productive zine‐making as a creative and participatory method in a research project on public libraries as social infrastructures. Engaging different audiences, including library management and staff, patrons and urban government authorities, the project aims to simultaneously study and stimulate a sense of community in public libraries. While many libraries already deploy zine‐making programmes as a low‐cost visitor activity, we use it as both a data collection and community‐building tool. Co‐productive zine‐making offers opportunities for reflection and mutual understanding to foster education, exchange and encounter between different stakeholders. It challenges the traditional power dynamics of knowledge production in academia and beyond. Zine‐making can act as a creative tool that pushes researchers to be more (self‐)reflexive. Yet, despite these benefits, zine‐making does not come without challenges, and therefore requires a specific researchers' skillset. This paper provides insight into both practical and ethical issues we encountered before, during and after the organisation of the first out of five zine‐making workshops in our project, held with community librarians in Rotterdam. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Economic research has not assessed the relationship between physical exercise and protein consumption, which is frequently discussed across media platforms. This study uses news articles related to physical exercise to construct fitness-related media indices. Incorporating these indices and national prices and disappearance for meat from 1993 to 2022, a Rotterdam demand model was used to estimate news media elasticities. We find little evidence that news media attention to physical exercise has direct or spillover effects on beef, pork, or chicken consumption. Further, news media information does not shift demand for food into or out of the aggregate meat complex. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Neoliberal reform of welfare and integration regimes affects service provisioning for migrants and refugees across Europe. This article studies the effects of competitive tenders (aanbestedingen) as a modality of such reform on the political possibilities of small-scale grassroots initiatives that support recent newcomers in Rotterdam, the Netherlands. This article studies these dynamics from the perspective of activists who self-identify as brokers and who assist the organisers of these small-scale initiatives. So far, existing research has rarely looked at the interstices of literature on brokerage and literature of neoliberal reform nor applied literature on neoliberal reform of the nexus of integration/welfare governance in cities—despite evidence that brokers have appeared as critical figures in the context of neoliberalisation and (re)politicisation. Brokerage and neoliberal reform are part and parcel of urban theorising and so are collaborative dimensions to urban governance, urban approaches to asylum and integration, and urban inequalities. Combining studies on brokerage with studies of neoliberal reform, this article shows that brokers make use of their positioning in-between the city administration and small-scale grassroots organisations to engage in a form of world-making that re-connects resistance to depoliticised elements of arrival infrastructure—while trying to help small-scale support initiatives to formalise. The main argument is that the interplay between informal and formal infrastructure gives unique insight into the political-economic dimensions of infrastructuring and to constitutive contradictions that underpin neoliberalisation. It is based on long-term ethnographic research, including a year of full-time fieldwork in Delfshaven, a classic arrival quarter.

This article presents a unique chapter in the history of Romanian-Dutch relations. During the 19th century, the hinterland at the mouth of the Danube was an important centre for the supply of grain to European warehouses, and from the 1880s onwards, international trading houses became increasingly interested in placing the main commodity of Moldo-Wallachian production structures on the markets of Amsterdam and Rotterdam. Due to its entrepreneurial and infrastructural connections with Germany, the port of Rotterdam became a transit and temporary storage point for grain dedicated to the Rhine-Ruhr industrial region. This study is based on unpublished documents from archives, databases, and statistical yearbooks in the Netherlands and Romania. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a global public health problem. Different studies related to prognostic models have been performed previously to predict the outcome after TBI. The comparison between Rotterdam and Helsinki scores has been done in patient population in other countries. The main objective of this study is to compare these two scoring systems for prediction of outcome after TBI in Nepalese patient population. Materials and Methods: This is a prospective observational study done in the Department of Neurosurgery, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital from December 2019 to March 2021. Patients with TBI (mild complicated, moderate and severe) presenting to the hospital within 24 hours of injury were included. Their outcome was predicted on the basis of Rotterdam and Helsinki scores as per the Extended Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOSE) at the time of discharge and in six months. Results: A total of 88 patients with a mean age of 34.4 + 15.33 years were included with a male: female ratio of 6.3:1. The most common mode of injury was fall from height [43(48.9%)] followed by road traffic accidents [29(33%)] and physical assaults [14(15.9%)]. The majority of patients had a mild complicated head injury [56(63.6%)].81.8% patients had a favorable outcome in six months. The Rotterdam score had an AUC of (0.781 and 0.753) for mortality and unfavorable outcome. Similarly the Helsinki score had an AUC of (0.775 and 0.748) for mortality and unfavorable outcome respectively. Conclusion: Both scoring systems have high prediction for both unfavourable outcomes and mortality after TBI. However for prediction of outcome Rotterdam score was slightly superior to Helsinki Score but for mortality prediction Helsinki score was slightly better than the Rotterdam Score. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the impact of public policy on different dimensions of spatial inequality. We not only study residential segregation but also housing market access and inequality in terms of neighborhood status. We chart the impact of urban redevelopment policies in two Dutch cities—Amsterdam and Rotterdam—through a unique longitudinal and full-population dataset that enables us to distinguish the contributions of demolition, new construction, and tenure conversion to various dimensions of spatial inequality. We find that policy measures that reduce segregation may reduce access to housing (as happened in Amsterdam) while measures that promote upgrading may exacerbate inequalities between neighborhoods (as happened in Rotterdam). Distinguishing between different kinds of policy measures and dimensions of spatial inequality, we argue, allows for a more nuanced and comprehensive understanding of urban redevelopment and better insight into the trade-offs involved in policy decisions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent gentrification policies from the municipality of Rotterdam have involved the demolition of social housing, resulting in the displacement of migrant communities. These developments have been criticised by several United Nations Special Rapporteurs as violating the human right to adequate housing. Through qualitative content analysis of municipal policy documents and expert interviews, this article examines how whiteness is preserved in Rotterdam municipal housing policies between the years 2006 and 2022. Using critical race theory, this study identifies three key stages through which whiteness is preserved: in the conceptualisation of theories underpinning policies; the language codified in policy documents, and the implementation of the policy. This research offers a clear example of systemic racism today; how it operates through policies that villainize low-income migrants and justifies the maintenance of the status quo of racial hierarchy in Rotterdam. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Architect and advocate of speculative posthuman ecological design Steven Hutt offers new thoughts on the integration of wildlife into our architectures and cities. Awareness of the 'feral' as a design tool, the push and pull between indigenous and non‐indigenous species, and even old ideas of colonialism are all agents in this new posthuman landscape. There are many aspects of this often anti‐ anthropocentric worldview across a variety of scales. Might zoo animals one day be able to decide how we look at them and observe their habits? [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Designing architectural interventions for many species that function and are hospitable for a variety of occupants, creating convivial habitats at a range of scales, is a preoccupation of Brooklyn‐based Harrison Atelier. Founder and principal Ariane Lourie Harrison leads us through some of the design collective's award‐ winning projects. As well as encouraging animal inhabitants, the firm's architecture is also smart, observing and recording activity to register data often not previously available. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the post-World War II period in the Netherlands, a women's organization set the agenda for improving the quality of social housing projects. Beginning in 1946, the Vrouwen Adviescommissie (Women Advisory Committee, VAC) in Rotterdam established a pathway in the 1950s for women's interventions at a municipal level through bureaucratic procedures, particularly by engaging in intensive advisory activities. Consciously or not, those voluntary consultants were also making politics and defining space: their expertise influenced housing and urban design. However, their early role as organizers of model home exhibitions has been little explored. Why did the VAC Rotterdam believe that such exhibitions were necessary? This article documents the conceptual and design work of the VAC through the model homes exhibitions they produced in the postwar neighborhoods of Rotterdam from 1951 to 1956. Even before the well-known model homes were exhibited in the mid-1950s and 1960s in the Netherlands by the organization Goed Wonen (Good Dwelling) to improve standards for furnishing homes, the VAC made visionary efforts to strengthen the public's relationship with social housing and practical interior design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Builder (1896-0642) is the property of PWB MEDIA Zdzieblowski sp.j. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Several ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) treatment response definitions have been introduced in primary biliary cholangitis (PBC). However, the lack of a gold standard results in heterogeneity in second-line treatment research and clinical practice. This study aimed to explore which UDCA treatment response endpoint serves as the most accurate predictive model of long-term outcome. A systematic review and meta-analysis of UDCA treatment response endpoints (and corresponding validations) were performed. Sixteen individual UDCA treatment response endpoints and 96 external validations were found. Barcelona, Paris-1, Paris-2, Rotterdam, Toronto and GLOBE and UK-PBC Risk Scores are currently most robustly validated in external populations. The results show that the continuous models (GLOBE and UK-PBC Risk Scores) serve as the most accurate predictive models. Besides standard UDCA treatment response endpoints, the alkaline phosphatase and total bilirubin normalization has been suggested as a new therapeutic target. The GLOBE and UK-PBC Risk Scores are the most suitable for the real-world allocation of second-line therapies (obeticholic acid and fibrates). However, in the wake of the recent findings, alkaline phosphatase and total bilirubin normalization should be the primary outcome in trial research in PBC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: There are different criteria to diagnose polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) such as Rotterdam Consensus, Androgen Excess Society (AES), and National Institutes of Health (NIH). We aimed to investigate the biochemical and insulin resistance-related markers of PCOS patients according to different diagnostic criteria. Material and methods: 1299 patients admitted to our clinic retrospectively analyzed. Following the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 200 patients with Rotterdam (Group 1), 182 patients with AES (Group 2), and 180 patients with NIH (Group 3) criteria were included in the study. Results: Waist/hip ratio among all groups (p1 = 0.002; p2 = 0.0001; p3 = 0.0001), LH/FSH ratio between Group 1 and 3 (p2=0.017), AST between Group 2 and 3 (p3 =0.012), DHEA-S and modified Ferriman–Gallwey score between Group 1 and 2 (p1 = 0.041; p1 = 0.013, respectively) and Group 1 and 3 (p2= 0.003; p2 = 0.04, respectively) were significantly different. A significant difference was detected between Group 1 and 3 in body mass index ≥ 25 (kg/m2) (p = 0.006). A significant difference was detected among all groups in waist circumference ≥ 88 cm (p1 = 0.0001, p2 = 0.0012, p3 = 0.004). Conclusion: The rate of metabolic syndrome was found to be higher in patients diagnosed with Rotterdam criteria, the rate of insulin resistance with NIH criteria, and the rate of dyslipidemia with AES criteria. However, these differences were not statistically significant.

Over recent decades, the Quay Brothers (identical twins Stephen and Timothy) have developed an aesthetic language that is immediately recognisable and has gained them many admirers – no matter what media they express themselves in. They combine filmmaking, drawing, calligraphy, puppetry and moody chiaroscuro décor and installations. Edwin Carels, former curator of the International Film Festival Rotterdam, guides us through one of their recent installations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to examine policies and planning for sustainable city tourism in Amsterdam and Rotterdam and relate them to the notions of ‘tourism reset’ that emerged during the COVID pandemic period. Amsterdam is a prime European tourist city and has been suffering from problems associated with overtourism. Rotterdam receives much less tourists and can be seen as an emerging tourist city. Both cities have recently adopted new tourism policies, essentially future tourism visions. The case of Amsterdam and to a lesser extent that of Rotterdam show that formulating and agreeing on a tourism policy vision is easier than the decision-making process and implementing a vision. The instruments and powers of local government to manage the quantity and qualities of tourism are limited. Overtourism problems have stimulated carrying capacity thinking, which is considered inadequate for a multi-faceted problem like urban tourism.

As indicated by the UN 2030 Agenda and the new European goals for 2030, Ecological Transition is at the basis of the new development model to reduce polluting emissions, prevent and combat land disruption, minimise the impact of productive activities on the environment and improve the quality of life and environmental security for future generations: on the one hand, orienting an ecological transition towards equity and collective well-being means rethinking the system of relations between man and the natural and built environment and, on the other hand, referring to the construction of social and cultural communities starting from environmental issues and land resources. In light of the above, this paper intends to reflect on the not-always-linear working method of the appropriation and transformation of open space concerning the definition of ‘fourth nature’ and ‘urban nature’ through three emblematic case studies. The aim is to go beyond the strictly anthropocentric view by focusing on the role of nature in the city through a selection, albeit not exhaustive, of innovative approaches to sustainable cities, the fight against climate change and the restoration of ecosystems, in a perspective of multi-species integration and the creation of regenerative ecosystems in the urban environment. Article info Received: 05/04/2023; Revised: 01/05/2023; Accepted: 16/05/2023

The multidimensionality of urban space in light of the new economy seems complex. The aim of this research was to introduce the meaning of both ideas and emphasise their importance for urban development. The subject of the research were case studies of two European cities, Rotterdam (the Netherlands) and Wroclaw (Poland). The research methods were the literature review, benchmarking, and case study, which help to understand and explain the analysed problem and confront it with the case studies. It is essential to note that the same solutions may not be suitable for every case. However, there are some urban policies and local governmental decisions that would be valuable good practices, which could solve challenges difficult for other urban units. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A promise of urban gardening (UG) is allowing individuals to shape and engage with the built environment, bringing people together in public space. Municipalities may promote UG in public space for a wide variety of reasons such as enabling integration, reducing crime, or promoting area attractivity. While there is a general sense that UG can contribute to inclusive public space in these efforts, previous research provides ambiguous findings. UG in public space requires balancing inclusive and exclusive practices to create common values, as a select group of engaged members inherently shape space in their interest. UG initiatives vary considerably with respect to their aims, organisational forms, and spatial contexts – affecting inclusion in public space in different manners. The article seeks to unpack how urban settings, organisational forms, and municipal enabling affect UG practices towards inclusion in public space. To do so, the article draws on the theory of urban commons and intertwines it with research on inclusion in public space. This provides an understanding of multi-faceted UG governance and its exclusionary aspects. A framework is not only developed and applied to critically, but also constructively, to review how municipalities enable UG. A comparative analysis of UG initiatives in three Northern European municipalities explores both municipal enabling and the co-production of inclusive public space. The research abductively refines the framework for understanding the co-production of inclusive public space in UG. We argue that the findings and resulting framework have implications for research and for municipal enabling of UG towards inclusive public space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Agathon: International Journal of Architecture, Art & Design is the property of DEMETRA CE.RI.MED and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The practice of urban commoning continues to tickle the imagination of activists and academics alike. Urban commoning’s aesthetic dimension, yet, has not been fully understood. This contribution seeks to fill such gap and approaches aesthetics in the literal sense: That which presents itself to sense perception. The article thus asks: To what extent may commoning practices that are dedicated to the disclosure of unheard voices (hence having an aesthetic dimension) shift urban power relations? This contribution takes its cue in Jacques Rancière’s theory of aesthetics and has the commoning experiment of Pension Almonde as its central case. Pension Almonde constituted a commons‐based, temporary occupation of a vacant social housing complex in Rotterdam, aimed specifically to undo the subordinate position of urban nomads and orphaned cultural initiatives. The article finally develops the distinction between a particular‐aesthetic dimension (making unheard voices merely perceptible) and a universal‐aesthetic dimension (shifting power relations) of urban commoning. Given the case’s lack of collective agency and external resonance, urban power relations remained in place.

Contradictions and conflicts lie at the heart of port cities, with contemporary waterfront redevelopments offering the latest controversial associations to traditional maritime history. Tracing back classic urban renewal and modernization processes in maritime areas, this article develops a case study on a notorious pleasure neighborhood (the Zandstraatbuurt) in Rotterdam, eradicated when the Dutch port city entered a new stage of urban and industrial development in the decades around 1900. The case study is embedded within a conceptual framework on nostalgia and its connections to bygone sailor culture. Significant cultural imaginations of the historical pleasure district are discussed, and notable journalistic accounts help to assess how nostalgic sentiments attempted to shape the legacy of the neighborhood around the time of its dissolution. Finally, general newspaper coverage of the district after its turn-of-the-century life span is analyzed, thereby demonstrating the potential for further research on urban nostalgia in historical contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]