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6. The Association of Prenatal Folate and Vitamin B12 Levels with Postnatal Neurodevelopment Varies by Maternal MTHFR 677C>T Genotype

Author

Gatica-Domínguez, Giovanna, Rothenberg, Stephen J., Torres-Sánchez, Luisa, Schnaas, Lourdes, Stein, Aryeh D., Schmidt, Rebecca J., and López-Carrillo, Lizbeth

Abstract

Prenatal folate and vitamin B[subscript 12] status have been linked to child neuropsychological development, but less is known about maternal genetic influences on this association. We conducted an exploratory longitudinal study of 181 mother--child pairs to assess whether maternal MTHFR 677C>T genotype modifies the association between maternal plasma folate and vitamin B[subscript 12] in the first trimester of pregnancy and child neuropsychological development. Maternal plasma folate and vitamin B[subscript 12] were determined by radioimmunoassay, and MTHFR 677C>T genotypes by PCR. We evaluated child neuropsychological development at 1, 3, 6, 12, 18, 24, and 30 month old using the Bayley Scales of Infant Development II. We analyzed the data using mixed-effects multivariate linear regression. The MTHFR 677C>T genotype distribution among the mothers was 18.2% CC, 49.8% CT, and 32.0% TT. The Mental Development Index (MDI) was inversely associated with maternal plasma folate among offspring of MTHFR 677CC mothers ([Beta] = -2.18 per twofold increase, 95% CI -4.07; -0.30, corrected P value = 0.02); no significant associations were observed among children born to women of other genotypes. The Motor Development Index (PDI) was not significantly associated with maternal plasma folate in any maternal MTHFR 677C>T genotype group, nor were MDI or PDI significantly associated with maternal plasma vitamin B[subscript 12] in any maternal MTHFR 677C>T genotype group. This study suggests that maternal MTHFR 677CC genotype interacts with first-trimester plasma folate to influence offspring mental development.

Published
2020
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7. Safety of ibuprofen in infants younger than six months: A retrospective cohort study

Author

Walsh, Paul, Rothenberg, Stephen J, and Bang, Heejung

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Kidney Disease, Pediatric, Infectious Diseases, Digestive Diseases, Acetaminophen, Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions, Female, Humans, Ibuprofen, Incidence, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Kaplan-Meier Estimate, Male, Prognosis, Retrospective Studies, Severity of Illness Index, General Science & Technology
Abstract

ObjectiveWe hypothesized (1) that gastrointestinal (GI) and renal adverse events (AE) would occur more often in infants first prescribed ibuprofen before rather than after six months of age and (2) that ibuprofen would be associated with more adverse effects than acetaminophen in infants younger than six months.MethodsWe created two partly overlapping retrospective cohorts of infants aged less than six months when California Medicaid first paid for ibuprofen or acetaminophen between 2004 and 2010. In the first cohort we compared the incidence rate ratio (RR) of GI and renal AE between those infants first prescribed ibuprofen before six months of age with those first prescribed ibuprofen after six months of age. In the second cohort we compared the RR of GI and renal AE between infants younger than six months prescribed ibuprofen (+/-acetaminophen) with those prescribed only acetaminophen.ResultsWe identified 41,669 prescriptions for ibuprofen and 176,991 prescriptions for acetaminophen in 180,333 eligible infants (median age 2.1 months). We did not observe higher RR of any AE in infants first prescribed ibuprofen before rather than after six months of age. Most infants prescribed ibuprofen were also prescribed acetaminophen. Any GI (adjusted (a)RR 1.25, 95% CI 1.13-1.38) and moderate or severe GI AE (aRR 1.24, 95% CI 1.09-1.40) were more common in infants younger than six months who were prescribed ibuprofen versus acetaminophen alone. Severe GI (aRR 0.63, 95% CI 0.27-1.45) and renal AE (aRR 1.84 95% CI 0.66-5.19) were not different between the ibuprofen (+/-acetaminophen) and acetaminophen-only groups.ConclusionsGI and renal AEs were not higher in infants younger than six months who were prescribed ibuprofen compared with those aged six to 12 months. AEs were increased in infants younger than six months who were prescribed ibuprofen compared with infants who were prescribed acetaminophen alone.

Published
2018

19. Emergency Department Septic Screening in Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) and Non-RSV Bronchiolitis

Author

Chee, Chris, Walsh, Paul, Kuan, Sam, Cabangangan, Juanito, Azimian, Kian, Dong, Christopher, Tobias, Joshua, and Rothenberg, Stephen J

Subjects
respiratory syncytial virus, bronchiolitis, bacterial infection, septic screen
Abstract

Objective: To identify factors associated with culture-proven serious bacterial infection (SBI) and positive emergency department septic screening (EDSS) tests in children with bronchiolitis and to identify factors associated with the performance of EDSS.Methods: We reviewed an existing study database of patients with bronchiolitis. We defined a positive EDSS as urine with ≥10 WBC per high power field or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) with ≥10 WBC per high power field (>25 WBC in neonates), or if organisms were identified on gram stain. We defined SBI as significant growth of an accepted pathogen in blood, urine or CSF. Our composite endpoint was positive if either of these was positive. The decision to perform testing was modeled using modified Poisson regression; the presence of the combined outcome was modeled using logistic regression modified for rare events.Results: We studied 640 children. Testing was performed in 199/640 (31.1%). These tended to be younger than two months RR 2.69 (95% CI 2.11, 3.44), febrile RR 2.01 (95% CI 1.58, 2.55), more dehydrated RR 1.50 (95% CI 1.28, 1.75) and had more severe chest wall retractions RR 1.54 (95% CI 1.22, 1.94). Only 11/640(1.7%) had a positive EDSS or SBI. Younger age (OR 0.67 per month; 95% CI 0.45, 0.99) and a negative RSV antigen test (OR 6.22; 95% CI 1.30, 29.85) were associated with the composite endpoint.Conclusion: Testing was more likely to be performed in children younger than two months of age, and in those who were febrile, dehydrated, and had more severe chest wall retractions. A positive EDSS or SBI was rare occurring in younger infants with non-RSV bronchiolitis. [West J Emerg Med. 2010; 11(1):60-67].

Published
2010

30. Erratum: 'Low-Level Environmental Lead Exposure and Children's Intellectual Function: An International Pooled Analysis'

Author

Lanphear, Bruce P., Hornung, Richard, Khoury, Jane, Yolton, Kimberly, Baghurst, Peter, Bellinger, David C., Canfield, Richard L., Dietrich, Kim N., Bornschein, Robert, Greene, Tom, Rothenberg, Stephen J., Needleman, Herbert L., Schnaas, Lourdes, Wasserman, Gail, Graziano, Joseph, and Roberts, Russell

Subjects
United States. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention -- Analysis, United States. Environmental Protection Agency -- Analysis, Childhood, Environmental issues, Health, World Health Organization
Abstract

EnvironHealthPerspect113(7):894-899 (2005); https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.7688 The source of the errors in this article, which were limited to the Boston cohort, was twofold. Specifically, performance IQ data were used instead of full-scale IQ [...]

Published
2019
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43. Prenatal p,p'-DDE exposure and neurodevelopment among children 3.5-5 years of age

Author

Torres-Sanchez, Luisa, Schnaas, Lourdes, Rothenberg, Stephen J., Cebrian, Mariano E., Osorio-Valencia, Erika, Hernandez, Maria del Carmen, Garcia-Hernandez, Rosa Maria, and Lopez-Carrillo, Lizbeth

Subjects
Children -- Diseases, Child development -- Research -- Health aspects, Bisphenol-A -- Health aspects, Psychomotor disorders -- Risk factors, Environmental issues, Health
Abstract

Recent epidemiological studies suggest that prenatal exposure to bis[p-chlorophenyl]-1,1,1-trichloroethane (DDT), and its main metabolite 2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)-1,1-dichloroethylene (DDE), impairs psychomotor development (PD) during the first year of life (Eskenazi et al. 2006; [...]

Published
2013

47. Dengue fever seroprevalence and risk factors, Texas-Mexico border, 2004

Author

Brunkard, Joan Marie, Lopez, Jose Luis Robles, Ramirez, Josue, Cifuentes, Enrique, Rothenberg, Stephen J., Hunsperger, Elizabeth A., Moore, Chester G., Brussolo, Regina M., Villarreal, Norma A., and Haddad, Brent M.

Subjects
Company distribution practices, Dengue -- Distribution, Dengue -- Risk factors, Dengue -- Surveys
Abstract

Reported autochthonous dengue fever transmission in the United States has been limited to 5 south Texas border counties since 1980. We conducted a cross-sectional serosurvey in Brownsville, Texas, and Matamoros, [...]

Published
2007

48. Exposure to PM2.5 and Obesity Prevalence in the Greater Mexico City Area

Author

Tamayo-Ortiz, Marcela, primary, Téllez-Rojo, Martha María, additional, Rothenberg, Stephen J., additional, Gutiérrez-Avila, Ivan, additional, Just, Allan Carpenter, additional, Kloog, Itai, additional, Texcalac-Sangrador, José Luis, additional, Romero-Martinez, Martin, additional, Bautista-Arredondo, Luis F., additional, Schwartz, Joel, additional, Wright, Robert O., additional, and Riojas-Rodriguez, Horacio, additional

Published
2021
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50. Children's acute respiratory symptoms associated with PM2.5 estimates in two sequential representative surveys from the Mexico City Metropolitan Area

Author

Téllez-Rojo, Martha M., primary, Rothenberg, Stephen J., additional, Texcalac-Sangrador, José Luis, additional, Just, Allan C., additional, Kloog, Itai, additional, Rojas-Saunero, Liliana Paloma, additional, Gutiérrez-Avila, Iván, additional, Bautista-Arredondo, Luis F., additional, Tamayo-Ortiz, Marcela, additional, Romero, Martín, additional, Hurtado-Díaz, Magali, additional, Schwartz, Joel D., additional, Wright, Robert, additional, and Riojas-Rodríguez, Horacio, additional

Published
2020
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