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International tourists in Malaysia have been playing a significant role in the economy. However, tourists' consumption of natural resources could be a threat to the environment. Green practices in the hotel industry have triggered a great opportunity to save water and energy consumption and maintain sustainable practices in the tourism and hospitality industries. This is a study on international tourists' intention to visit green hotels in Malaysia with related factors such as green availability, green price sensitivity, attitude, and subjective norm. For data collection, the researchers used self-administered questionnaires and distributed them to international tourists in Malaysia. For the analysis, structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was applied for analysis. Results found that green price sensitivity, attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control positively influence tourists' intention to visit green hotels in Malaysia. Attitude also mediated between green price sensitivity and tourists' intention to visit green hotels in Malaysia. This study has shown the novelty by establishing the relationships among variables and contributing to the Theory of Planned Behaviour, which will benefit future researchers. The study posed several recommendations for practitioners as there is a need to maintain appropriate standards of environmentally friendly practices in hotels, and consumers' support for consuming green-related products impacts their survival, growth, and sustainability. It will help hotel managers learn more about their guests and create more effective marketing plans.

Being a prominent tourist destination, the hotel industry's demand in Malaysia has been increasing day by day. There is still a shortage of studies focusing on how hotels can make environmental management routine work, take environmental laws seriously and be more responsive to the environment. This study focused on the connections between green employee involvement, green performance management and green dynamic capability in implementing environmental law in the hospitality industry. The study also evaluates the mediating role of implementing environmental law between green employee involvement, green performance management, green dynamic capability and organisational citizenship behaviour to reduce pollution. This study employed a quantitative approach to test the hypotheses and a convenient sampling method to collect the data from hotel employees. Out of 600 distributed questionnaires, useable responses were 253 to proceed with data analysis. Data were analysed through structural equation modelling (SEM) using the Smart-PLS and SPSS. The relationship between green employee involvement, green performance management, green dynamic capability and implementation of environmental laws was discovered and considered unique in the hotel industry in Malaysia. The study further established the mediating role of environmental law between independent and dependent variables.

Purpose This study aims to examine the effects of environmental knowledge, perceived environmental responsibility and altruism on tourist’s intention to stay in green hotels. In addition, the mediating role played by tourists’ attitudes, including ecocentric and anthropocentric attitudes, is explored. Design/methodology/approach Data were collected from 393 international tourists in Malaysia. This study followed a cross-sectional approach and applied the partial least squares – structural equation modelling using SmartPLS version 3 software to analyse the data and test the hypotheses. Findings The results indicated that environmental knowledge, altruism, environmental responsibility and ecocentric and anthropocentric attitudes positively influence tourists’ intention to stay in green hotels. Ecocentric attitudes mediate environmental knowledge, altruism, environmental responsibility and intention to stay in green hotels. However, environmental knowledge and altruism do not influence anthropocentric attitudes. Likewise, anthropocentric attitudes do not mediate the relationship between environmental knowledge, altruism, perceived environmental responsibility and intention to stay in green hotels. Research limitations/implications This study posed several theoretical and practical implications that will benefit future researchers and practitioners while exploring tourists’ behaviour in a green hotel context. Originality/value This study makes a unique and significant contribution by including ecocentric and anthropocentric attitudes in a unified model underpinned by the Theory of Planned Behaviour and the Value-Basis Theory.

Macroeconomic indicators are the key to success in the development of any country and are very much important for the overall economy of any country in the world. In the past, researchers used the traditional methods of regression for estimating macroeconomic variables. However, the advent of efficient machine learning (ML) methods has led to the improvement of intelligent mechanisms for solving time series forecasting problems of various economies around the globe. This study focuses on forecasting the data of the inflation rate and the exchange rate of Pakistan from January 1989 to December 2020. In this study, we used different ML algorithms like k-nearest neighbor (KNN), polynomial regression, artificial neural networks (ANNs), and support vector machine (SVM). The data set was split into two sets: the training set consisted of data from January 1989 to December 2018 for the training of machine algorithms, and the remaining data from January 2019 to December 2020 were used as a test set for ML testing. To find the accuracy of the algorithms used in the study, we used root mean square error (RMSE) and mean absolute error (MAE). The experimental results showed that ANNs archives the least RMSE and MAE compared to all the other algorithms used in the study. While using the ML method for analyzing and forecasting inflation rates based on error prediction, the test set showed that the polynomial regression (degree 1) and ANN methods outperformed SVM and KNN. However, on the other hand, forecasting the exchange rate, SVM RBF outperformed KNN, polynomial regression, and ANNs.

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present the concept of 2u2i – two years attachment with university and two years attachment with industry – a new learning mode introduced by the Ministry of Education as a strategy to enhance the employability of university undergraduate degree students in Malaysia. Design/methodology/approach The new mode of undergraduate degree program requires the university and industry to collaborate on the design of the curriculum and development of student training programs. Based on a series of qualitative discussions, the paper draws on the perspectives of university administrators and selected practitioners from the hospitality and tourism industry who are interested in developing 2u2i curriculum and working together to enhance the overall employability of university graduates. The paper explains the issues and challenges in implementing the 2u2i program at a local public university as a case study in Malaysia. Findings The 2u2i program provides a significant opportunity for industry to collaborate with the university in enhancing competencies and relevant skills among degree graduates so that they are able to excel in the workplace. Some of the issues and challenges involve bureaucratic procedures, time constraints in developing the program with industry, delay in approval procedures of the program and extra costs highlighted in managing the program with industry. Despite several challenges relating to the implementation of the program, it is important for industry to collaborate with universities in designing relevant curriculum to augment the employability skills of university graduates in Malaysia. Originality/value This paper explores different strategies for engaging with industry practitioners so that they are able to work closely with the university in crafting academic curricula in the hospitality and tourism field. This is important because it enhances university graduate employability via a relevant curriculum based on input from the industry.

Recently, the market of E-Learning is soaring and is known as a new paradigm in modern education. E-Learning acts as a medium, consisting of several types of computers and electronic media that are communication tools as well as the Internet, which provides training and informative access on certain subjects. By using E-Learning students can attend online classes anywhere, regardless of time and place. Generally, E-Learning is more geared towards self-training and is ideal for individuals who work full-time but desire to further their studies. Thus, this study has been developed and integrated with factors leading towards the effectiveness of E-Learning as a tool in Teaching and Learning (T&L) approach. A quantitative approach was applied by using a self-administered distribution of questionnaire targeted at higher education students. Therefore, the outcomes of this research will help to provide insightful information to the current education system in Malaysia, particularly in crafting strategies to enhance the learning education for the country in general.

Community-Based Tourism (CBT) is an approach to tourism presumed to achieve the sustainable development goals (SDGs), especially involved on SDG1-No Poverty and SDG11-Sustainable Cities and Communities. In rural communities, homestays are essential CBT component that have made many contributions to the local economy and quality of life. The Malaysia Homestay Programme (MHP) has received special attention from the government due to its potential to enhance local communities’ livelihoods and economic sustainability. This study assesses factors that measure the successful performance of communitybased tourism on the MHP. Homestay programmes are a form of community tourism, in which the host (operator) provides family-friendly stay facilities for rent to tourists, thus generating additional income for the family. Based on the previous studies, the homestay operators faced the following external challenges such as village landscape, inefficient networking, lack of cooperation and commitment from homestay operators, exploitation of external parties, as well as ineffective promotional and marketing activities. These challenges must be resolved effectively to sustain the MHPs forward momentum. Essentially, the experiences of hosts (homestay operators) in dealing with the above mentioned challenges should be sought and empirically documented for future policy-making activities by the development agencies and the society. The national economy is bound to progress with escalating arrivals of tourists if effective strategies are devised by the stakeholders in resolving the problems faced by the homestay operators. Prior studies have listed the critical factors that dictated the success or failure of CBT programmes from the stance of CBT managers and experts. Nonetheless, insights from the local community pertaining to the success of CBT have been largely ignored despite their significance. A case study approach was adopted in this research paper with a qualitative methodology. Data was collected from 17 key informants in 11 MHPs. A structured and in-depth interview was the primary data collection technique, used together with photos, note-taking, and sound recordings. From the interview analysis, 12 criteria were identified as most of the respondents had mentioned those criteria as success factors for MHPs. The findings also revealed 7 very important dimensions for MHP to receive high numbers of visitors which are: effective marketing and promotional strategies, maintained facilities and utilities, uniqueness and quality products/packages design, community engagement and support, collaboration and networking, leadership, and recognition, as well as previous awards. The new dimensions on homestay development identified in this study are recognition and previous awards, entrepreneurship and uniqueness of product and package design. The study outcomes signify that most of the respondents claimed that the MHP success is dictated by the quantity of tourists. This is because; the volume of tourists generates additional income to those involved in the MHP. However, there are other dimensions that should be weighed in by homestay operators to ensure that their homestays can succeed and survive for a longer period and can be contribute to SDG1 and SDG11.

The importance of mangrove forests in protecting shorelines and mangrove ecosystems is very crucial. Due to industrialization and monetary demands, mangrove forests are at risk of losing their function and integrity over time. The commitment and awareness of the community are critical factors in the success of the mangrove conservation in Tumpat. With a quantitative approach, we collected demographic information from 116 (male 58.6%, female 41.4%) respondents to evaluate their knowledge and perception of mangrove conservation efforts in Tumpat, Kelantan. This study revealed that respondents’ level of knowledge and perception is significantly influenced by gender, age, level of education, occupation, income, and locality of residency which was analyzed using the Chi-square test (p

Tourism research identified that the risk element has a significant impact on tourist intention to travel and tourist destination choice criteria. The connection between domestic tourists perceived risk and revisit intention has not been widely explored mainly in Malaysia context, but the existing studies suggest a close connection among them.This study aims to examine the affect tourist perceived risk toward their revisit intention to visit tourist destination in Malaysia. A total of 384 sample valid responses were obtained.The sampling method for domestic tourist was convenience sampling method. Data collection instrument was a questionnaire which adapting the self-administered questionnaire distributionThe Partial Least Square Structural Equation Model (SEM-PLS) was used to analyze the information. A Partial Least Square findings verified model fitness in the population studied. Similarly, the results of the path analysis found that the intention of visiting tourist destination in Malaysia was affected by physical and financial risk.

This study aims to examine the development of rural tourism by applying the Appreciative Inquiry (AI) approach as a research tool. AI is an increasingly important field as it can offer a positive and strength-based approach to the development of rural communities. It can be seen as an alternative tourism research tool for community development in relation to rural tourism. A qualitative research approach is implemented by holding focus group discussions with the local community and youth groups at the Sungai Sedim Natural Forest (SSNF) in Kedah, Malaysia. SSNF was chosen as the research location because of its future characteristics and contributions to several residents. From the study result, natural resources, eco-tourism products, Tree Top Walk and historical assets have been identified as an important strength in SSNF. Furthermore, it is believed that the expansion of this product, would enhance the branding and image of SSNF as the best eco-tourism tourist attraction in Malaysia.

Kekuatan pelancongan Malaysia bukan sahaja terletak pada produk eko pelancongan malah destinasi yang ditawarkan juga murah, selamat dan mudah untuk dikunjungi. Malaysia mempunyai banyak tempat-tempat menarik bagi segmen eko pelancongan yang semakin di minati bukan sahaja di kalangan pelancong dalam negara malah juga dari luar negara yang ingin melihat keindahan alam sekitar serta menenangkan diri dari kesibukan kota. Produk eko pelancongan di Malaysia bukan sahaja di lihat sebagai satu aktiviti lasak tetapi juga sebagai pemangkin kepada kelestarian alam semulajadi. Hutan Lipur Sungai Sedim (HLSS), merupakan antara destinasi paling popular di daerah Kulim, Kedah yang mana menjadi lokasi kajian. Pemilihan HLSS adalah kerana ciri-ciri dan sumbangan masa depannya kepada semua pihak di kawasan berdekatan selain telah di angkat sebagai salah satu “LIMA destinasi pilihan di Asia Fasifik”. Justeru, kajian ini membincangkan tentang peluang dan potensi HLSS sebagai salah satu produk eko pelancongan terkenal di serata dunia. Pendekatan kajian secara kualitatif telah digunakan dengan penglibatan seramai 59 orang responden. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa HLSS berpotensi diiktiraf sebagai salah sebuah tarikan destinasi eko pelancongan terbaik di Malaysia di mana pelbagai keistimewaan seperti flora dan fauna, air terjun, Tree Top Walk, sukan air lasak dan sebagainya tersedia buat semua pelancong. Peluang diiktiraf sebagai produk eko pelancongan terunggul di Malaysia amat luas dengan menyediakan produk berfokus (niche-market), program inap desa (home-stay), pembangunan kemudahan dan infrastruktur serta pembangunan keusahawanan kecil dan sederhana.

Newly, the E-Learning market has soared and is known as a new paradigm in modern education. E-Learning acts as a medium, consisting of several types of computers and electronic media that are communication tools as well as the Internet, which provide training and access to information on specific subjects. By using E-Learning students can take online classes anywhere, regardless of time and place. In general, E-Learning is more geared towards self-training and is suitable for individuals who work full time but want to further their studies. Therefore, this study has been developed and integrated with the factors that lead to the effectiveness of E-Learning as a tool in the Teaching and Learning (T&L) approach. A quantitative approach is applied using self-administered questionnaires targeted at higher education students. Therefore, the results of this research will help provide in-depth information to the current education system in Malaysia, especially in creating strategies to improve learning education for the country in general.

Over the years, the introduction of e-learning technology as been familiar among academicians, students, and even non-academicians in higher education institutions. E-learning is one of the learning tools in the education sector that greatly influences education, which emerged as a newmodern education paradigm and has successfully evolved around the world. However, limited attention has been paid to research on e-learning relative to the factors influencing the effectiveness of e-learning tools in the teaching and learning process. Therefore, using a quantitative approach, this study aims to review the reliability and validity of the applied instrumentsin assessing the factors influencing the effectiveness of e-learning tools in the teaching and learning ofentrepreneurship students’courses through a pilot study. Data involving 150samples from the questionnaires were analyzed using IBM SPSS version 24, while evaluations from experts were employed to check for content and face validity and reliability as well asthe normality of data. Based on theresults, the normality of the data as well as the reliability of the measuring instruments in this study are proven. As such, the measuring instrumentsproposed in this study warrant further research.

The incidence of lower limb amputation is high across the globe and continues to be a major threat to morbidity and mortality. Consequently, the provision of high quality and effective prosthetics services have been known as an essential component for a successful rehabilitation outcome. In Malaysia, amputation prevalence has been increasing in which several main components of service delivering aspects (such as service intervention, prosthetic personnel) should be anticipated to accommodate for the increasing demand. This article highlights the hurdles experienced in providing prosthetic services in Malaysia from multiple aspects such as financial burden to acquire the prosthesis and lack of expertise to produce quality prosthesis. This paramount issues consequently justify for the urgency to carry out national level survey on the current statistics of lower limb amputation and to ascertain the available workforce to provide a quality prosthetics services. Only with accurate and current information from the national survey, strategies and policies aimed at enhancing the outcome from prosthetics services can be achieved.