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A highly specific, quick and sensitive immunenzymometric assay (IEMA) was developed for human interferon-alpha-1 (HuIFN-alpha-1) and human interferon-alpha-2 (HuIFN-alpha-2), respectively. Due to the specificity of the used antibodies it is possible to measure HuIFN-alpha-1 and HuIFN-alpha-2 also in the presence of the corresponding other interferon (IFN) in body fluids as serum or plasma and in culture supernatants. These two-site binding assays are constructed for HuIFN-alpha-1 form tow monoclonal antibodies (ZIM-VD11 and ZIM-IIG11) and for HuIFN-alpha-2 from a sheep antibody against leukocyte-IFN and a monoclonal antibody (ZIM-IIG7). One incubation step is necessary only: for HuLFN-alpha-1, 90 minutes (min), for the determination of HuIFN-alpha-2, 150 min. Very low detection limits characterize these IEMAs: for HuIFN-alpha-1: 0.5 IU/ml, and for HuIFN-alpha-2: 20 IU/ml. Both assays detect the corresponding IFNs as natural and recombinant molecules as well. Only biologically active IFN molecules can be m...

Monoclonal antibodies of both the IgG and the IgM type were purified by hydroxylapatite HPLC (HA-HPLC) under very mild conditions. The IgM type antibodies, which were isolated from ascites fluid and separated from other proteins also by means of size exclusion HPLC. It was shown that the most frequently observed disadvantage of HA-HPLC, that is the relative short life of the columns (P. Steffen (1989) GIT Fachz. Lab., Suppl. 3/89 (Chromatogr.), 50-90), is due to microbial contamination rather than lower mechanical stability. In order to monitor column performance, a test was developed based on the use of standard proteins under isocratic separation conditions. This allows a direct comparison between the respective performances of columns made from different materials, hydroxylapatite or fluoroapatite, from different sources and with different particle sizes. A problem which often occurs with HA-HPLC in the case of IgM antibody isolation, namely precipitation of the antibodies at low salt concentrations at the beginning of a chromatographic run, was avoided by adding sodium chloride to both separation buffers.

9621 Background: Docetaxel is a widely used cytotoxic agent. It causes a number of side effects, most frequently leukopenia and neutropenia, alopecia, nausea, diarrhea, and fatigue. This study eval...